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Contains records of the ANF Victorian Branch, predecessors and special interest groups, some of which relate to material in other collections. ANF Victorian Branch Records, 1927-2001; Occupational Health Nurses Special Interest Group 1958-1990; Maternal and Child Health Nurses Special Interest Group 1984-1998; Royal Victorian Trained Nurses Association Minutes and Business Correspondence 1914-1961; Royal Victorian College of Nursing student nursing association 1942-1951; UNA, Journal of the Royal Victorian Trained Nurses Association and successors 1903-1973; On the Record, Journal of the ANF Victorian Branch 1990-1996. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 23 May 2013 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Records comprising the papers of Janine Haines AM, including files gathered and developed throughout her political career with the Australian Democrats. Subjects include women’s issues and equality, health, international issues, privacy, human rights, political processes and campaigns. Also contains papers from her association with the various committees, groups and charities which she was a part of, and from the Adelaide University where Janine was the Deputy Vice-Chancellor. Includes diaries and notebooks, literature reviews, media releases, biographical notes, information regarding speaking engagement and speeches, and a personal invitation to the opening of the New Parliament House, Canberra. Also contains photographs of Janine in her personal and political life, portrait drawings, and photographs of Australian Democrats Senators and candidates from South Australia for the 1987 and 1990 elections. Includes the typescript of ‘Suffrage to Sufferance: a hundred years of women in politics’, 1992 and preparatory research, and a personal annotated published copy. Contains Australian Democrats artefacts such as badges, stationary, a mug, along with a pair of Janine’s iconic eyeglasses. Includes congratulatory letters on achieving her Order of Australia, and sympathy cards sent to the family after Janine’s passing in 2004. See Box List for a complete description of box contents. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 2 January 2018 Last modified 2 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Women For Survival was a national feminist peace coalition. It was formed in 1983, as an umbrella organisation to bring together the various feminist peace groups around Australia in order to coordinate the Pine Gap Women’s Peace Camp planned for November that year. The two week vigil in November 1983 at Pine Gap, just outside of Alice Springs, sought to demonstrate support for the women of the peace camps at Greenham Common (United Kingdom) and Comiso (Italy), and to bring to public attention the secrecy of the US Base and Australia’s vulnerability as a nuclear target. It maintained a philosophy of collectivity, consensus and collaboration, using non-violent direct action and creativity in its approach to protest. WFS published a newsletter – Survival News – and held national conferences. Another national protest was organized the following year at Cockburn Sound in Western Australia – the Sound Women’s Peace Camp in December 1984. Local actions by branches coincided with the peace camps, and continued in their involvement in protests against Salisbury Defence Centre (South Australia), Roxy Downs (South Australia), Lucas Heights (New South Wales), and the hosting of United States nuclear-capable warships. Women For Survival was part of an international women’s peace movement at the end of the Cold War with the formidable threat of nuclear war. Women For Survival was a national feminist peace coalition. It was formed in 1983, as an umbrella organisation to bring together the various feminist peace groups around Australia in order to coordinate the Pine Gap Women’s Peace Camp planned for November that year. It initially included: Feminists Against Nuclear Energy (FANE) in Sydney, Feminist Anti-Nuclear Group (FANG) in Canberra and Adelaide, Women’s Action for Nuclear Disarmament (WAND) in Perth, Campaign Against Nuclear Energy (CANE) in Perth and Adelaide, and Women’s Action Against Global Violence (WAAGV) in Sydney which formed by Ananda Marga women. As Women For Survival (WFS), many more branches were established outside of the metropolitan centres, including in Townsville, Cairns, Atherton, Nimbin, Armidale, Uralla, Alice Springs, Darwin, Brisbane, and Hobart. The organization published regular newsletters – ‘Survival News’ – which were the edited by various branches on a rotational basis to update members on plans for the peace protest. Those members in Alice Springs had the responsibility of negotiating with the local community as well as planning the practicalities of the Pine Gap action. They liaised with local Indigenous groups out of respect and support for the Aboriginal land rights, and Aboriginal women participated in key moments of the protest. Some high profile Aboriginal activists like Shirley C. Smith, known as ‘MumShirl’, came from Sydney to lead the march on the first day beside local Indigenous women. The two week vigil in November 1983 at the Joint Defence Space Research Facility at Pine Gap, just outside of Alice Springs, sought to demonstrate support for the women of the peace camps at Greenham Common (UK) and Comiso (Italy), and to bring to public attention the secrecy of the US Base and Australia’s vulnerability as a nuclear target. Women For Survival felt that the base at Pine Gap symbolised global violence, being part of a continuum of violence against women and children systemically embedded in patriarchy and imperialism. The protest was a massive organizational feat, which drew around 800 women to central Australia in the November desert heat. It was organized around principles of collectivity, consensus, and collaboration, with every woman belonging to an affinity group for support, security, decision-making processes and cooperative domestic tasks. Workshops before the protest were conducted on non-violent direct action, racism, the law, and media management. It was a particularly creative culture, using dance, song, theatre, installation, silence, tea parties, balloon releases, workshops and speeches as modes of protest. A Double Our Numbers banner project enabled women who were unable to attend to paint themselves or a heroine life-sized on a banner, which was then taken to the event and displayed. On November 13th women scrambled over the fence and held a Boston Tea Party on the green lawns of the Base. When they began walking toward the buildings 111 women were arrested for trespass, each giving their name as ‘Karen Silkwood’, an important anti-nuclear campaigner. The Peace Camp gained much media attention nationally and abroad, particularly the mass arrest. Complaints of police mistreated were made around the arrests, and a Human Rights Enquiry followed. After the success of the Pine Gap action, the first of a number of annual national conferences was held in 1984 over the Easter in Adelaide. Another national action was planned for later that year: the Sound Women’s Peace Camp. A Sound Women’s Collective was formed and the event was organized through the Western Australian group, WAND. It was held in December 1984 at Point Perron in Cockburn Sound, near the HMAS Stirling Naval Base on Garden Island and close to Fremantle where nuclear capable US warships frequently docked and utilized the services of local women for ‘rest and recreation’. An innovative Peace Train was organized with the railways and unions to bring women from the Eastern states for this action, but the costs became burdensome; the Peace train was transformed into a Road Train, a cavalcade of buses travelling together, but even this proved impossible to coordinate. The memory and idyll of the Peace Train remains however in posters and newsletter images, which are testament to its ingenuity. This was the last national peace camp, although national conferences continued for some years after. Local actions continued to be organized by branches. For example, Adelaide WFS established a women’s camp at Salisbury Defence Research Centre on International Women’s Day for Disarmament on May 24, 1984. They were also involved in the Roxby Downs Blockade organized by Campaign Against Nuclear Energy (CANE). Sydney branches were similarly involved in actions at Lucas Heights. Darwin WFS picketed the wharf to prevent the export of uranium, Perth mounted protests against US navy warships docking, and Canberra rallied during the ALP conference in 1984. Branches conducted simultaneous actions during the national protests. Members of Women for Survival members include Biff Ward, Briony Monahan and Barbara McLennan. Archival material for WFS is lodged at the following (the first 3 contain the bulk of material): Jessie Street National Women’s Library (Sydney) Melbourne University Archives (Victorian Women’s Liberation and Lesbian Feminist Archive) Women’s Studies Resource Centre, Adelaide Fryer Library (UQ) Murdoch University Library (GALAWA Collection) James Cook University Library (Trewern Collection) National Pioneer Women’s Hall of Fame (Alice Springs) National Film and Sound Archive Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Elizabeth Ward interviewed by Sara Dowse [sound recording] NULL ACT Feminist Anti Nuclear Group - FANG - Collection - NJSN_AC-023 The University of Melbourne Archives Women's Liberation Movement Author Details Katey Bereny and Alison Bartlett Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Fanny Cohen was headmistress of Fort Street Girls’ High School in Sydney from 1929 to 1952. She was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 1962 for her services to education. She was an inspirational teacher and leader with firm views about the importance of streaming gifted students and ensuring that talented girls were given the same opportunities as boys. Fanny Cohen completed her secondary education at Miss Emily Baxter’s School in Sydney in 1904, matriculating with the Kambala Prize for Women. In 1908 she graduate with a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Sydney. She followed up the following year with a Bachelor of Science and the University Medal in Geology also from the University of Sydney. In the same year 1909 she was appointed demonstrator in geology at the University of Sydney. Whilst working as a demonstrator, in 1911 Cohen became the first woman to receive the Barker Graduate Scholarship for Applied Mathematics. The scholarship allowed her to travel to the United Kingdom, where she took up further study in mathematics at the University of Cambridge. However her studies were cut short by the ill health of her mother. In her return to Sydney in 1912 she joined the mathematics staff at Fort Street Girls’ High School. Whilst teaching Maths, she completed a Master of Arts at the University of Sydney in 1913. After ten years at Fort Street, she left to take up an appointment as deputy headmistress of North Sydney Girls’ High School in 1922. She did not stay long in this position: in 1923 she accepted the appointment of headmistress of the Maitland West Girls’ High School. Three years later in 1926, she returned to Sydney where she was appointed headmistress of St George Girls’ High School. In 1929 she returned to Fort Street Girls’ as headmistress, a post she retained until retiring in 1952. Between 1937-1952 she represented the Secondary Teachers’ Association of New South Wales on the Board of Secondary School Studies. Cohen was also involved in educational community service outside schools. She was a Fellow of the Senate of University of Sydney in the periods 1934-1944 and 1949-1959. Between 1936-1944 and 1949-1959 she served as the University Senate’s representative on the Council of Women’s College. Between 1953-1959 she was Director of the Sydney University Women’s Union. Soon after her retirement in 1952 Cohen became involved in the Royal Blind Society of New South Wales. In 1955 she obtained a braille writer’s certificate and for some years translated books, helped to produce a monthly magazine for the blind, and trained other people in braille transcription. In 1962 she was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in recognition of her services to education in New South Wales. Published resources Resource Section Cohen, Fanny (1887-1975), Turney, Cliff, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A080054b.htm Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Book Pioneer Women Graduates of the University of Sydney 1881-1921, Bygott, Ursula and Cable, Kenneth John, 1985 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources University of Sydney, Archives Personal archives of COHEN Fanny [1887-1975] Author Details Isobelle Barrett Meyering Created 17 September 2009 Last modified 16 May 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

5 MMM was a public radio broadcaster that presented a number of women’s programs, including; Women’s Weekly, and Sunday Monthly . The programs had female presenters at a time when commercial stations did not. The women produced, wrote, presented and were the audio engineers. A small collective organised the programs’ content, time lines and themes. The station became 3D radio in 1988. 5 MMM was a public radio broadcasting which presented a number of women’s programs like Women’s Weekly, and Sunday Monthly. It was one of three public radio stations at the time run by Progressive Music Broadcasting Association on 93.7 MHZ. The programmes had female presenters at a time when commercial stations did not. The women produced, wrote, presented and were the audio engineers. Sunday Monthly interviewed women from feminist organisations like Women’s Electoral Lobby (WEL), Women’s Information Switchboard and Women’s Studies Resource Centre. A small collective organised the programs time lines content and themes. On the 8th March 1980 the women took over the station and ran 24 hours of women’s programmes. They organised a concert with Margaret Roadknight, Jeannie Lewis, Janine Conway, Jan Cornell and Elizabeth Drake. Some of the women involved included, Barbara Baird, Nikki Page, Collette Snowden, Vicki Wilkinson, Jade McCuthen, Sally Carter, Barbara Farrelly and Gay Walsh. The station became 3D radio in 1988. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Newsletter Liberation, 1970 Archival resources State Library of South Australia 5 MMM FM Community Radio [ephemera collection] Author Details Kathleen Bambridge Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Helena Marfell was the inaugural national president of the Country Women’s Association of Australia in 1945. Marfell was a foundation member of the Warrnambool branch of the Country Women’s Association (1931), and twice president of the South-Western Group. She was also a member of the Victorian State Executive, and state president from 1942 until 1945. President of the Women’s Section of the Victorian Country Party, Marfell stood unsuccessfully for the federal seat of Wannon during the election in 1949. During World War II Marfell was senior superintendent of the Warrnambool district for the Red Cross Society. She donated a silver teapot for use when the Country Women’s Association served refreshments at the railway tea rooms to recruits leaving Warrnambool. On 1 January 1968 Helena Marfell was appointed an Officer to the Order of the British Empire (Civil) for services to social welfare. She was honoured by being made a Life Governor of the Warrnambool Base Hospital and the Royal Victorian Institute for the Blind. Events 1970 - 1970 Born daughter of Archibald Glen 1949 - 1950 President of the Women’s Section at the Victorian Country Party 1942 - 1945 President of the South-Western Group of the Country Women’s Association 1942 - 1945 State President of the Country Women’s Association 1945 - 1946 National President of the Country Women’s Association 1946 - 1946 Member of the Corangamite Regional Committee 1943 - 1943 Member of the State Relief Committee 1943 - 1943 Member of the State Broadcasting Committee 1939 - 1945 Senior Supertindent of the Red Cross in the Warrnambool district 1938 - 1939 President of the South-Western Group of the Country Women’s Association 1949 - 1949 Country Party candidate for the electorate of Wannon at the Federal election 2018 - 2018 Married Henry G Marfell, they had two children 1931 - 1931 Helped found the Warrnambool Branch of the Country Women’s Association 2068 - 2068 Appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire Published resources Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 1962, Alexander, Joseph A, 1962 Who's Who in Australia 1950, Alexander, Joseph A, 1950 Book The Many Hats of Country Women: The Jubilee History of the Country Women's Association of Australia, Stevens-Chambers, Brenda, 1997 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the Country Women's Association of Australia, 1945-1969, 2003 [manuscript] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 March 2003 Last modified 8 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Items held are 1958/59-1972/73; 1976/77-1985/86 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 31 January 2007 Last modified 1 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letter written by Mrs Jeannie Gunn to Miss Adelaide Miethke, 24 October 1927 discussing what became of ‘We of the Never Never’ characters. (Typescript copy only). Also includes notes on (and photographs of) the characters in ‘We of the Never Never’ along with biographical notes on Mrs Gunn. Author Details Clare Land Created 26 November 2002 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sawer talks about how far women have come in Australian politics; problems faced by women; stereotyping; the ALP’s aim of proportional representation for women; problems faced by a women MPs in obtaining a suitable portfolio. She then answers questions from the audience regarding attitudes of male politicians; importance of affirmative action progress in Australia; value of radical feminists in Parliament and the role of women MPs. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 15 February 2013 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

BOX 1??Folder 1?My sister Sif: preliminary notes, personal research and observations, ca. 1980s??Folder 2?My sister Sif: 1st draft, editorial discussion with Robert Sessions, Penguin Books, ca. 1980s??Folder 3?My sister Sif: photocopy of final manuscript, letters and newscuttings, ca. 1980s??Folder 4?Hiroshima: brochures and personal Japanese notes, ca. 1980s??Folder 5?’Interesting letters Part 1? including letters regarding publishing permissions, letters from school children and letters about research on Eve Langley, ca. 1990s??Folder 6?’Interesting letters Part 2? including letters regarding publishing permissions and letters from school children, 1992-2000??BOX 2??Folder 1?Notebook with pasted-in press clippings of poetry, short stories, playlets and articles by Ruth Park. Some appear under the names of Jean Ingram and Chris Barlow, presumably pseudonyms used by Park. Clippings are undated but appear to date from before her departure from New Zealand. The earliest clipping gives her age as 12, 1929-1960s??Folder 2?Account book used by Ruth park and D’Arcy Niland to record income from writing. Details include source, story and amount, 1964-2001??Folder 3?D’Arcy Niland clean copies of 24 short stories, part 1. Some annotations possibly by Ruth Park, ca. 1980s??Folder 4?D’Arcy Niland clean copies of short stories, part 2. and Wooloomooloo – radio script, ca. 1960s-1980s??Folder 5?1930s Depression. Research material for Swords and crowns and rings. Includes newscuttings, interview and book research notes as well as reminiscences of various people’s experiences of the Depression including a sailor, a Sydney artists’ model and W. Ellis of Five Dock, ca. 1930s-1970s??Folder 6?A century of headline news. Compilation of front pages from the Evening Post, Wellington New Zealand, 1965??Folder 7?The night traveller: research notes and newscuttings about psychiatry, ca. 1969-1980s.??Folder 8?Mog’s mountain: research notes, press clippings and small tourist publications about the eruption of Mount Tarawera and the destruction of the Pink and White Terraces at Rotorua, ca. 1940s to 1970s??BOX 3??Folder 1?Glimpses of true love, carbon and typed manuscript, 1983??Folder 2?Glimpses of true love, clean copy, ca. 1980s??Folder 3?Glimpses of true love, major notes, ca. 1980s??Folder 4?Glimpses of true love, research material includes assorted handwritten and typed notes and newscuttings and some also used in Playing Beatie Bow and Pink flannel, ca. 1960s-1980s??Folder 5?Research material – early colonial notes including newscuttings, including handwritten and typed notes, ca. 1961-1975??BOX 4??Folder 1?Ruth Park and Harold Stewart correspondence. They discuss personal news, poetry, her work, Buddhism and eastern philosophy, life in Japan, his regrets about the influence that the Ern Malley hoax had on his subsequent reputation, clean copies of three of his poems, ca. 1981-1984??Folder 2?Ruth Park and Tess Van Sommers correspondence regarding Harold Stewart’s will and archives and possible publication. Letters from Peter Ackland and the National Library and a copy of Harold Stewart’s will, ca. 1995-1996??Folder 3?Correspondence between Harold Stewart’s sister Marion, Ruth Park and Tess Van Sommers about Harold Stewart’s papers, copies of photographs of Harold Stewart, as well as a copy of the National Library’s guide to the Harold Stewart papers, 1996??Folder 4?Notes for an article about Harold Stewart and Kyoto, ca. 1989??Folders 5-8?Ruth Park letters to her friend Nancy Bruce in Wanganui, New Zealand. Topics include personal news, writing and the death of D’Arcy Niland. Inlcudes a letter from D’Arcy Niland reporting the birth of their son, ca. 1949-1998??BOX 5X??My Sister Sif: original final draft; Glimpses of true love: carbon copy of typed manuscript with andwritten corrections; Glimpses of true love: discards and rewritten notes, ca. 1980s Author Details Alannah Croom Created 21 June 2018 Last modified 21 June 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Photograph, inscription and other papers relating to a cairn erected by the people of Crosshouse, Scotland, in memory of Andrew Fisher. Also includes a scroll presented to Senate President Margaret Reid from the Community Council and villages of Crosshouse on the Centenary of Federation and an article and Hansard extract relating to the presentation. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 9 January 2018 Last modified 9 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 hours??Diana Elizabeth Penniment, nee Thomas, was born in Adelaide, South Australia. She attended Methodist Ladies College for her secondary education. Her family could not support further studies, so she worked in a bank until her marriage in 1956, when she moved with her husband into a two room cottage on his father’s property at Wirrega, near Bordertown. Diana had four children and she describes her growing involvement in public affairs, from school activities and craft groups to helping form a local branch of the Women’s Agricultural Bureau. Diana rose to State President of WAB in 1986. Highlights of her term included organising two international conferences. Diana also explains her long term participation on the South Australian Rural Advisory Council. In 1991 she decided to focus on local issues and stood for the Tatiara District Council. She emphasises the importance of contributing skills and enthusiasm for the betterment of one’s community. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 2 February 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

From the time of her election to parliament, Franca Arean was hopeful of forming a “network” of women of all backgrounds who could meet informally, exchange ideas and help and support each other. In January 1984, she sent a letter to twenty to thirty women asking them to come to a meeting at Parliament House. They met in Feb 1984 for the first time, and the Women’s Network – Australia was born. The first Women’s Network guest was Frederika Steen, the head of a newly established Women’s Desk at the Department of Immigration and Ethnic Affairs in Canberra. The women who gathered for the 1984 meeting decided that there was a need for a women’s network so that women from the older established groups, such as Anglo-Celtic, the Italian or Greek women, who had gone through the difficulties of the early years could advise and be supportive of the new groups of women, such as the Indo-Chinese, Laotian, Central American and Moslem women. They decided to meet for a few hours every two months, to have guest speakers and to be completely unstructured. Meeting in parliament house was regarded as symbolically important , as many of the women felt it was a seat of power from which they felt alienated and, at best, intimidated by. ‘Meeting the ministers’ was a regular event at the network gatherings. Sometimes these meetings happened away from parliament house. There was a social evening in 1985, a Chinese dinner in honour of the then Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs was arranged.. Nearly 200 women attended, but the minister didn’t talk. Instead, five women were chosen to speak on a range of issues, including the problems encountered by Isolated Arabic speaking women, migrant women in the bureaucracy, Multicultural education, Child care in the Western Suburbs and Tenosynovitis. None of the women had ever spoken in front of a minister before. By 1985, the number of members of the network had grown to 300. Published resources Book Section Double Disadvantage: Migrant and Aboriginal Women, Sawer, Marian, 1990 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Franca Arena - papers, ca.1960-2000 State Library of South Australia Papers of the Migrant and Indigenous Women Action Group State Library of New South Wales Franca Arena - correspondence, 1984-1996, concerning the Women's Network Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 18 June 2006 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Elizabeth Lee became Leader of the Opposition in the ACT Legislative Assembly in October 2020. She was first elected to the Assembly in 2016, representing the Canberra Liberals in the electorate of Kurrajong. Lee was the first Asian-Australian to be elected to the Assembly and the first person of Korean heritage to be elected to an Australian parliament. She is the first Asian-Australian to lead a major political party. Before being elected, Lee practised as a lawyer in government and private practice and was a law lecturer at the Australian National University and the University of Canberra. She has also worked as a fitness instructor. Elizabeth Lee was inscribed on the ACT Women’s Honour Roll in 2016. “Elizabeth Lee was born in Gwangju, South Korea on 30 August 1979. She migrated to Australia with her family in 1986, aged seven. Lee has two younger sisters, Rosa and Sara. The family spoke Korean at home. Her father John worked on construction sites, as a cleaner and ran several small businesses; her mother Cecilia worked as a cleaner, in takeaway shops and as a homemaker. The family lived in Merrylands and Blacktown, in Sydney’s western suburbs where Elizabeth attended Sherwood Grange, Shelley and our Lady of Lourdes Primary Schools and Girraween Selective High School. Lee has lived in Canberra since 1998 when she began tertiary studies at the Australian National University. She has a Bachelor of Law and Asian Studies (Japanese) degree, a Graduate Diploma in Legal Practice and a Master of Laws (Government and Commercial Law) degree. Prior to entering the Legislative Assembly, Lee worked in the Commonwealth Attorney-General’s Department, the office of the Australian Government Solicitor and as a commercial litigation lawyer at Meyer Vandenberg Lawyers. Lee lectured in law at the Australian National University and the University of Canberra. Lee served as Chair of the ACT and Australian Young Lawyers Committees and Vice President of the ACT Law Society and volunteered for the ACT Legal Advice Bureau. She also worked as a fitness instructor and is a Les Mills qualified instructor for several fitness courses. Lee ran unsuccessfully for the Legislative Assembly electorate of Molonglo in 2012 and for the Commonwealth House of Representatives seat of Fraser in 2013. She was elected to the Legislative Assembly in 2016, representing Kurrajong. ACT electorates have five members; Lee was the highest-polling Liberal and the only one to be elected in Kurrajong. She was the first Asian-Australian to be elected to the Assembly and the first person of Korean heritage elected to an Australian parliament. Lee delivered her inaugural speech on 13 December 2016, speaking Korean in the closing moments to acknowledge her parents’ sacrifice as they sought better opportunities in Australia for their daughters. She also expressed pride in being a member of the first female majority parliament in Australia. Lee was Assistant Speaker from December 2016 to October 2020 and has held several shadow portfolios, including for Education and Disability. The Canberra Liberals elected her as Opposition Leader in October 2020, when she became the first Asian-Australian leader of a major political party. As leader, she has held the shadow portfolios of Attorney-General (2020–22), Treasury (from 2020), Economic Development and Major Projects (from 2020), Climate Action (from 2020) and Housing Affordability and Choice (from 2022). As Shadow Minister for the Environment, Lee successfully advocated for the Canberra Liberals agreement to achieving net zero emissions by 2045. She has consistently supported policies to improve gender equity and in 2020 introduced Australia’s first anti-stealthing laws, leading to the amendment of provisions in the ACT Crimes Act providing for consent to be negated if condom use is misrepresented. Similar laws were later introduced in other Australian jurisdictions. Lee attended the March 4 Justice protest at Parliament House Canberra in 2021, having previously revealed her experience of sexual harassment. She has also spoken personally about pregnancy loss. Lee’s daughter Mia was born in 2019 and her second daughter, Ava in 2023. Lee was the first Australian leader of a political party to take formal maternity leave from parliament. Her partner, Nathan Hansford, is a consultant. Lee has often spoken about the importance of being a role model, arising from her political leadership as a first generation Asian-Australian migrant: ‘If I can do my small part in inspiring other young Asian-Australians to pursue a role in politics, that’s a special thing … I also hope that I’m setting a good example for my girls, that women can do whatever they set their minds to and they can play leadership roles and make a lasting contribution.’” Published resources Newspaper Article 'Bat Lady' remembered, 2015 Elizabeth Lee named ACT Opposition Leader, 2020, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2020-10-27/canberra-liberals-leadership-elizabeth-lee-alistair-coe/12816470 Canberra Liberals leader Elizabeth Lee on the importance of speaking out about injustice as a woman in leadership, Harry Frost, 2021, https://www.abc.net.au/news/2021-03-21/elizabeth-lee-on-women-in-leadership-speaking-up/100019116 Resource 'Australian Women in Agriculture Speaker Profiles: Lyn Johnson', The Regional Institute, http://www.regional.org.au/au/awia/speakers/p-16.htm Lee-Elizabeth, Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory, https://www.parliament.act.gov.au/members/tenth-assembly-members/kurrajong/lee-elizabeth Inaugural Speeches - Lee, Elizabeth - Page 77 - Week 01 - Tuesday, 13 December 2016, https://www.hansard.act.gov.au/hansard/9th-assembly/2016/HTML/week01/77.htm Elizabeth Lee: a Letter to my Daughter, Elizabeth Lee, 2019, https://hercanberra.com.au/life/elizabeth-lee-a-letter-to-my-daughter/ Humble Lee looks to building a better future, Belinda Strahorn, 2020 Archival resources 'A Secondary Education for All'?: A History of State Secondary Schooling in Victoria 'Albert Park State School Swimming Champions' Author Details Margy Burn Created 3 September 2023 Last modified Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 hour 32 minutes??Kathleen Margaret Forte, nee Johnston, was born in London, England. Her widowed mother emigrated to Wellington, New Zealand when Margaret was seven and supported her three children working as a teacher. Margaret’s education included three years boarding at a Friends’ School. Margaret worked as a journalist in Sydney and Vancouver before settling and marrying in Adelaide. She gave up working with the News in 1950 after the birth of her second child. Margaret quickly became involved in many voluntary activities, including the South Australian Peace Council. Seeking an organisation with a commitment to total pacifism, she became Secretary of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom in the early 1960s. She describes their energetic opposition to the Vietnam War and the suspicion with which WILPF was viewed at the time. She also discusses WILPF’s changing role from being the women’s voice in the peace movement to the peace voice in the women’s movement. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 2 February 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

4 sound files (approximately 4 hr. 52 min.) Author Details Helen Morgan Created 4 February 2015 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Margaret Jones was Literary Editor for the Herald and worked as a journalist in the London and New York bureaus of John Fairfax Ltd, before becoming Foreign Editor for the Sydney Morning Herald in the 1970s. She reported from North Korea and North Vietnam, and was staff correspondent in Peking, China. Described as a ‘trailblazer for women journalists’, Jones wrote for the Herald newspaper for a total of thirty-three years. Margaret Jones was the youngest of six children. Her father, John, worked on the Rockhampton Harbour Board for 40 years. She received a Catholic education at Rockhampton and spent a period at teachers’ college in Brisbane, before working as a journalist on the Mackay Mercury and as a stringer for the ABC. Moving to Sydney, she worked on The Daily Mirror. In 1954, despite ongoing prejudice against women in journalism, she joined the Herald. Two years later she resigned to work in England and Paris, before joining The Sun-Herald in 1961. In 1965 she received her first foreign posting, to the Herald‘s New York offices. There she worked, though not entirely in harmony, with Lillian Roxon. The following year she became the paper’s first Washington correspondent. Barred from the National Press Club because of her sex, and consequently deprived of access to important functions and major speeches, her work was hindered, but she managed a successful stint in Washington, covering Lyndon Johnson’s presidency and the Vietnam War. In 1969 she moved to London, covering subjects from the IRA to the Beatles. She returned to Sydney to become literary editor of the paper. By the early 70s, the ratio of women to men on the staff had risen from 1:11 to 1:6. In 1972 Jones joined the successful campaign to allow women full membership of the Sydney Journalists Club. The following year, she was appointed foreign correspondent in Beijing (then Peking), the first to hold the position for the Herald since WWII. In 1976, Jones gave the Paton-Wilkie-Deamer Newspaper Address organised by the Journalists’ Club, Sydney, and the New South Wales branch of the Australian Journalists’ Association. She was the first woman journalist to be invited to do so. According to Jones, ‘the integrity of the press, or lack of it, is among the most topical of all subjects today, arising out of the upheavals in the Government of Australia over the last year or so’. Her primary concern was the tendency – on both sides of politics – to use the press as a ‘whipping boy’, carrying the blame for all misfortune. The credibility of the press, said Jones, was ‘at a pretty low ebb – just about the lowest I can remember’, but censorship or greater control of the press was not the solution. Jones used the address to reflect upon the dangers of a controlled press based on her own experiences as a reporter in China from 1973. China’s two national newspapers, the Renmin Ribao and the Kwangming Ribao, were the only newspapers that foreigners were permitted the read. The papers were under the strict control of government, and could only report positive news – great feats, economic gains, general prosperity. Foreign correspondents, too, were carefully monitored and not permitted to write about any subject that touched on the health of Chairman Mao, dissension in the leadership, or defence. A ‘warning system’ ensured their compliance – after two warnings, foreign correspondents would be forced to leave. In 1980 Jones returned to London as European correspondent. Following her retirement in 1987, she served on the Australian Press Council from 1988-98. Her publications include Thatcher’s Kingdom, The Confucius Enigma, and The Smiling Buddha. Published resources Book Thatcher's Kingdom: A View of Britain in the Eighties, Jones, Margaret, 1984 The Confucius Enigma, Jones, Margaret, 1979 The Smiling Buddha, Jones, Margaret, 1985 Lecture Pressures on the Press, Jones, Margaret, 1976 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources State Library of New South Wales Southern Africa Defence and Aid Fund in Australia - records, 1961-1981, together with the records of Community Aid Abroad (Australia). Southern Africa Group, 1981-1987 Nancy Phelan - papers, 1866-1996?Nancy Phelan - literary manuscripts, with working papers including correspondence, 1866-1996 Salmon family - Malcolm Salmon - papers, 1927-1986 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 14 September 2006 Last modified 12 April 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Coloured photos of Irene Greenwood and friends taken during the filming of life story.?7 photos (mounted ; in envelope) : col. ; 26 x 38 cm Author Details Anne Heywood Created 31 March 2004 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Una Prentice (nee Bick) was the first woman law graduate admitted to the Bar of the Queensland Supreme Court, first woman admitted to the Bar of the High Court, and first female Commonwealth Prosecutor. Having already completed her Bachelor of Arts, Una Prentice (nee Bick) was one of four people to enrol in the newly established law course at the University of Queensland in 1936. On 29 April 1938 Una Prentice became the first female graduate from the Faculty of Law at the University of Queensland. Over the next two years legal firms showed no interest in her, as either a solicitor or barrister. Finally Una received an offer from the University of Queensland to catalogue the vast book collection of Sir James Blair, who had just retired as Chief Justice. This collection became the nucleus of the Law Library of the University of Queensland. When World War II broke out, and because of an associated skills shortage, Una was offered a job with the Commonwealth Crown Solicitor. In 1942 she became the first female lawyer to be employed in the Department, performing legal duties as well as being the office bookkeeper. Despite her prestigious position, Una was paid as a typist – the only salary scale the department had for women. After a few years Una eventually was paid a proportion of the legal officer’s scale. Una joined the Brisbane firm of Stephens & Tozer in 1946. She then became Australian President of the Business and Professional Women’s Association and attended an international conference, touring England for eight months talking about the status of women in Australia. Una married Tony Prentice, a barrister, in 1946 and they both practised law until Una’s legal career was cut short, due to the birth of their son Roger. With no provision for working mothers at that time, Una was contented to stay home and raise her son and actively involve herself in a number of community organisations. Published resources Book Section Una Prentice, Nissen, Judy, 2005 Una Prentice (1913-1986): Queensland's first law school graduate, Grant, Heather, 2005 Resource Section Una Prentice, Supreme Court of Queensland Library, 2003, http://www.sclqld.org.au/schp/exhibitions/witl/biographies/prentice.htm Una Prentice, Grant, Heather, 2009, http://www.women.qld.gov.au/q150/1930/index.html#item-una-prentice Law, Kerwin, Hollie and Rubenstein, Kim, 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders/biogs/WLE0624b.htm Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Archival resources National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Una Prentice, Dr., first woman to graduate in law from the University of Queensland, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Lee Butterworth Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 28 October 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Unionist, and activist, Madge Cope was born in Yorkshire, and came to Australia in 1915, settling on a farm in Midland with her family. She discusses her childhood and early life in Midland. She married the next door neighbour, also an English immigrant and had 4 children. They made pies and sold them to shops until the war began. They later grew tomatoes and flowers for sale, but times were hard. She got involved with the Communist Party in Guildford and became a communist. In 1966, she lost her husband in a car accident as a result of his drinking problem. After joining the Peace Movement, she joined the Union of Australian Women and discusses their functions and activities. Transcript includes illustrations and obituaries. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 1 April 2004 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Mary was known for her selfless work in the Brisbane community. She was a member of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and became founding secretary of the Brisbane Benevolent Society, which helped people in distress following the disastrous floods in south-east Queensland in 1893. She was honorary secretary (vice-president 1912-28) of the committee of Lady Musgrave Lodge, a home for nurses and single female immigrants. As Queensland representative for the Travellers’ Aid Society, she maintained contact with the British Women’s Emigration League. She served on the ladies’ management committee of the Hospital for Sick Children in 1894 – 1924. Mary was president of the Young Women’s Christian Association of Brisbane (1902-12), honorary president to 1921, then honorary life president. She was vice-president of the Queensland division of the British (Australian) Red Cross Society during World War I and in 1921 patroness of St David’s Welsh Society of Queensland—Sir Samuel had been founding patron in 1918. Other organizations to which she contributed her intelligence and energy were the National Council of Women, the Brisbane City Mission, the Queensland auxiliary of the London Missionary Society, the British and Foreign Bible Society, the Queensland Women’s Electoral League, the Protestant Federation, the United Sudan Mission and the Charity Organisation Society. In 1911 she was appointed a lady of grace of the Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem and was invested at Government House, Brisbane. Mary was the third of five children of Rev. Edward Griffith (Congregational minister) and his wife Mary, nee Walker. She was also the older sister of (Sir) Samuel Griffith, premier of Queensland and first Chief Justice of Australia between the years 1845 – 1920. When Edward (Mary’s father) accepted a call from the Colonial Missionary Society to found a Congregational Church at Ipswich, he and his family moved to Australia, New South Wales (Queensland). Mary was a gifted writer who contributed articles to church magazines, often anonymously, and compiled a tribute to her father, Memorials of the Rev Edward Griffith (Brisbane, 1892). Published resources Newspaper Article Brisbane Courier, 10 July 1925, p. 17, 1925 Brisbane Courier, 13 December 1911, p. 11, 1911 Brisbane Courier, 2 May 1927, p. 14, 1927 Brisbane Courier, 29 July 1930, p. 18, 1930 Book Samuel Walker Griffith, Joyce, R. B., 1984 Widening horizons: the YWCA in Queensland 1888-1988, Gillespie, Aline, 1995 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Archival resources John Oxley Library, Manuscripts and Business Records Collection OM90-37 Griffith Family Papers 1811-1932 ANU University Archives Miss Mary Griffith The Other Griffith - Mary Harriett Author Details Lee Butterworth Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 11 June 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

4 sound files (approximately 4 hr.) Author Details Alannah Croom Created 12 September 2014 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Papers of Margaret Sutherland, composer, including news clippings, catalogues and miscellaneous items referring to Dr Sutherland and the Sutherland family of artists. Author Details Clare Land Created 6 November 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Anna Brennan, member of a talented Victorian family, was a devout Catholic who actively pursued the cause of women’s equality throughout her life. She was one of the earliest woman to graduate in law at the University of Melbourne in 1909 and practised as a solicitor in her brother’s legal firm for fifty years. She was a foundation member of the Lyceum Club in 1912 and president from 1940-41. The Victorian Legal Women’s Association was established in 1931 with Brennan serving as president. A founding committee member of the Catholic Women’s Social Guild in 1916, later the Catholic Women’s League, she served as president from 1918-1920. She joined the Victorian branch of St Joan’s International Alliance, holding the office of president from 1938-1945 and again in 1948 until her death in 1962. Anna Brennan was the thirteenth child of Michael Brennan, farmer and his wife Mary nee Maher. She commenced medical studies at the University of Melbourne in 1904, but was not permitted to continue as she was ‘too nervous to do the dissections’. She commenced the law course in 1906, graduating in 1909. At the university she became a member of the Princess Ida Club for women students, was an office bearer from 1907-1909 and remained a committee member until 1913. She represented the Princess Ida Club on the national Council of Women in 1912 She became a partner in her brother Frank’s firm, specialising in the matrimonial field and campaigned for more equitable laws in relation to divorce. She was the second woman in Victoria to be admitted to practice. Her commitment to her Catholic faith was evident in her involvement with the Catholic Women’s Social Guild, lecturing and writing for its publications Women’s Social Work and its successor Horizon. Joan of Arc was an inspiration to her and she joined the forerunner of the St Joan’s International Alliance, the Catholic Women’s Suffrage Society in London. She was an inaugural member of the Victorian chapter of the St Joans’ International Alliance when it was established in 1936 and was president from 1938-45 and 1948-62. Published resources Book Horizon in retrospect, 1916-1986, 1985 The Lyceum Club, Melbourne 1912-1962., Gillison, Joan, 1962 Resource Section Brennan, Anna Teresa (1879-1962), Campbell, Ruth and Morgan, Margaret, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A070404b.htm Law, Kerwin, Hollie and Rubenstein, Kim, 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders/biogs/WLE0624b.htm Journal Article Anna Brennan…the Valiant Woman, Blackall, Alice, 1963 Tributes to a Medical Missionary Pioneer: Dr Mary Glowrey (Sister Mary of the Sacred Heart) - First C.W.S.G. President, Brennan, Anna T, 1957 Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Archival resources State Library of Victoria History of the Lyceum Club, and papers, 1970-1975. [manuscript]. NULL Records of the St Joan's International Alliance The University of Melbourne Archives Melbourne University. Princess Ida Club Melbourne University. Princess Ida Club Author Details Rosemary Francis and Anne Heywood Created 19 November 2003 Last modified 15 July 2020 Digital resources Title: Ann Shelton Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

An activist in local government and party politics, Jacquie Argent was an ALP candidate for Oxley in 1999, a member of the Hastings Council to 1999 and Deputy Mayor from 1998-1999. While a Councillor on the Hastings Council, Jacqui Argent chaired the Mid North Coast Council for Social Development, the Consultative Protocol Committee, The Mid North Coast Regional Economic Development Organisation, the Legal Aid Review Team and the Youth Accommodation Group. She graduated with a BA and has three children. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

An active local councillor and small businesswoman, well known in her electorate. Valerie Marland was Alderman of Queanbeyan City Council from 1966-1995 and Councillor on the Southern Tablelands County Council from 1967 -. She was also a Liberal party candidate in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Monaro in 1976. Valerie Marland was educated at Gulgong Public School, Bowral Public School and Bowral High School NSW, and Fort Street Girls’ High School, Sydney NSW. At the time of her campaign she was a Senior Vice President of the Australian Local Government Women’s Association, and was elected the first President of the Local Government Association in 1984. She was active in business, local government and community organisations in Queanbeyan NSW. In 1976 Valerie Marland was appointed a MBE. Published resources Edited Book Who's Who of Australian Women, Lofthouse, Andrea, 1982 Book Women in Australian Parliaments and Local Governments, Past and Present : A Survey, Smith, A. Viola, 1975 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 31 January 2006 Last modified 7 August 2015 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

25 hours 10 minutes??A series of 17 interviews commissioned by the Libraries Board of South Australia concerning the experiences of children, nuns and priests living and working at the St. Vincent de Paul’s Orphanage, Goodwood from 1922 until the institution’s closure in December 1975. The project was supervised by the Oral History Officer, J. D. Somerville Oral History Collection, Mortlock Library of South Australiana. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 18 June 2006 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

NS656/1/58-60 Minutes of meetings of Mothers Union, including both annual and committee meetings Author Details jane carey Created 18 February 2004 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Reminiscences of a woman migrant from Latvia, 1944-1948. Includes details of life in Germany under American occupation, and the voyage from Germany to Australia on the S. S. Sovereign, 4 August – 29 October 1948. Also includes reminiscences of the author’s mother-in-law as a Latvian refugee in Germany in 1944. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 15 August 2006 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A graduate of the University of Western Australia Faculty of Law, The Honourable Judy Eckert was the first woman to serve as president of the Law Society of Western Australia (1995-6). She was admitted as a legal practitioner in 1981 after completing her articles with Northmore, Hale, Davey and Leake (now Minter Ellison). In 1986, only four years after her admission, she became that firm’s first female partner. In 1991, Eckert joined the WA Crown Solicitors Office, where she practised for eleven years and where she conducted a major review of the WA Legal Aid Commission. She joined the WA bar in 2002, the year she was also made a Life Member of the Law Society of Western Australia. In 2005 she was appointed a Judge of the District Court of Western Australia as a prelude to her appointment as Deputy President of the State Administrative Tribunal (SAT), sitting in the Human Rights stream. Regarded as one of Western Australia’s top legal minds, Eckert had a significant role to play in drafting the SAT legislation package which, at the time, was the largest piece of legislation ever to pass the WA parliament. In 2011, ill health led to Eckert’s early retirement. In 2012, she was honoured at Women Lawyers Western Australia’s annual dinner for her contributions to advancing the status of women in the Western Australian legal profession. Her Honour has three children and a husband who, she says, made it possible for her to pursue her legal career as far as she did. ‘I certainly would not have been able to become president of the law society if my husband hadn’t stayed home with the kids,’ she observed in 2004. Work/life balance issues are not ‘women’s issues’, she insisted: ‘they are management issues’. Judy Eckert was interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD. A longer essay detailing Judy Eckert’s career is in development. Published resources Newspaper Article Playing the game on the front foot, Jacobs, Marsha, 2004, https://www.businessnews.com.au/article/Playing-the-game-on-the-front-foot Article Overview of the SAT Legislation, Eckert, Judy, 2005, http://www.wabar.asn.au/images/WABAR_Issue_1.pdf Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Judy Eckert interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Trailblazing women and the law oral history project Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 30 May 2016 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A once-only candidate in the unwinnable seat of Upper Hunter for the ALP in 1995. At the time of her campaign, Pat Baks was studying for a Bachelor of Social Science Degree from the University of New England. She is a long-time member of the Mudgee District Environment Foundation and a founding member of the Mudgee Women’s Refuge Committee. Pat was President of the Mudgee ALP branch in 1995 and also President of the Upper Hunter State Electorate Council. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 sound files (ca. 195 min.)??Robyn Tredwell talks about her family background; growing up on a farming property in Eudlo; Old Ted the swaggy; moving to town near Nambour for work; becoming a student nurse; developing a world view through contact with refugees, migrants and seasonal visitors; living in Mooloolaba (1960s); life in the nurses’ home (1960s); moving to Cairns; working as a station cook; working with Aboriginal people on Gunnawarra; observing changes to life for Aboriginal people; going to New Zealand to work as a nurse and an Encyclopaedia salesperson; moving to Manchester, England for work (1970s); moving to Saudi Arabia to work as a neo-natal nurse; living and working in Saudi Arabia; the Saudi royal family; training nurse in Saudi Arabia; travelling to the Himalayas; preventative medicine; devising a health care program; running a clinic that used cleanliness, mega-vitamins, nutrition as the platform for improved health; illness and stress; importance of vitamin B; building a hotel in Tibet.??Tredwell speaks about the Institute of Ecotechnics; studying ethnobotany in the Amazon; studying botany in London and Paris; knowledge of cultures under threat; holistic healing; link between health and the environment; the reconstruction project at Birdwood Downs; the changing technological environment; running a theatre company from the property; holding an arts workshop program involving Kalahari Bushmen (1997); creating a space for cross cultural communication and sustainability; using management, science and artistic expression to create sustainability; winning the ABC Rural Woman of the year Award (1995); ABC’s Landline program made on Birdwood Downs; her involvement in women’s organisations; her concerns for the future if money becomes the only standard for production; her son; her health; going to Canberra for the award; having well established international networks; the common links across rural communities around the world. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 27 April 2011 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Louise Vardanega PSM is Chief Operating Officer of the Australian Government Solicitor (AGS), a role she has held since 2009. Louise joined AGS (then known as the Deputy Crown Solicitor’s Office) in 1975, and with the exception of 6 months attending legal workshop and 3 months with the Justice and Family Law Division of the Attorney General’s Department in 1977, has been with AGS throughout her career. Go to ‘Details’ below to read an essay written by Andrew Sikorski about Louise Vardanega for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Project. The following additional information was provided by Andrew Sikorski and is reproduced with permission in its entirety. Early life Louise grew up in the town of Griffith in New South Wales, where she attended Griffith High School. Her father Pompeo (known as Bob) Vardanega immigrated to Australia from Italy in 1928. Her mother Evelina (known as Lina) Vardanega (nee Cappello) arrived in Australia from Italy in 1938. Bob and Lina were married in 1939 amidst much celebration – the associated festivities lasted 3 days. Bob, along with 2 partners, started a plant nursery under the name of ‘Premier Nurseries’, which ultimately grew to be one of the largest nursery businesses in New South Wales. Bob was also a key player in starting up the Coronation Club – an Italian social club that became the social hub for many Italian and Australian families in Griffith. Louise is the youngest of 3 siblings. Her brother Roger is a lawyer, who Louise credits with opening her mind to the possibility of pursuing a career in law. Her sister Silvana took over the running of Premier Nurseries when her father retired. Education Louise studied Law at the Australian National University from 1970 to 1975, graduating Bachelor of Laws (Honours) and Bachelor of Arts. It was during the course of her studies at ANU that she developed a strong interest and determination to practise in government law. Career at the Australian Government Solicitor Louise was admitted to practise as a Barrister and Solicitor of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory in 1976. After joining AGS in 1975, she spent 10 years working in various areas of law, including general litigation, administrative law and advocacy matters. Much of her practice included appearance work as counsel and the handling of significant matters in both the ACT Magistrate’s and Supreme Courts. During this period, she also gained high-level expertise in handling administrative law matters for government departments and agencies in the Administrative Appeals Tribunal, Federal Court of Australia and High Court of Australia. She also practised for several years in the criminal law jurisdiction appearing in many prosecution matters before the ACT Magistrate and Supreme Courts. Louise became Director of AGS’s Canberra City office in 1991, and was appointed Director AGS Canberra (incorporating the Canberra City and Barton offices) in 2000. She was also National Practice Manager of the Litigation and Dispute Management Practice Group from 1999 until mid-2003. From 2003 to 2005 Louise was National Director of AGS’s Clients and Market Office. In that role she led the national team responsible for developing client relationships and coordinating the strategic marketing and business growth of AGS. In 2009 AGS’s corporate structure shifted to an integrated national model, and Louise was appointed to the role of Chief Operating Officer. Professional associations Louise has always maintained a very active profile in the local professional community as a member of the ACT Law Society since 1976. She has served continuously as Secretary and a member of the Council since 1991 and has been a member of a number of the ACT Law Society’s committees. In 2014, the Council of the ACT Law Society conferred Honorary Life Membership on Louise for outstanding service to the legal profession. In his speech conferring Honorary Membership on Louise, Law Society President Martin Hockridge said: ‘Through a combination of calm good sense and expert advice, she has played a central role in the stability of the Society and its effectiveness as a regulator of the professional conduct of its members, to the benefit of the profession and the community in general.’ She is also a member of the ACT Legal Practitioners Admissions Board, on which she has served since 2014. Client Service Louise is well-known across the government legal community for her passionate commitment to excellent client service. She is the embodiment of, and driving force behind AGS’s client service culture, making it her business to ensure that all in AGS have the knowledge, tools and support they need to provide great service. Her irrepressible energy and enthusiasm are infectious, providing a rich source of motivation and inspiration to many of her colleagues. She brings a formidable sense of fun and creativity to her work. Nevertheless, she takes her role in AGS, and her responsibility to the government of the day extremely seriously – a fact that is clearly apparent to anyone who comes into contact with her. In 2007, she developed the AGS Client Care program and introduced the AGS client service expectations, which form a key part of initial orientation and continuous skills development for all AGS staff. In 2014 she introduced the AGS Client Listening program. Designed to support all staff in understanding and meeting client needs to the highest possible standard, the program provides ongoing communication training across AGS. She also publishes a regular internal blog on the topic of client care, presenting AGS staff with information and encouragement to support them in providing first-rate service. Louise’s genuine zeal for client service, and her affection for AGS and its people are manifest in the personal warmth that permeates her interactions with colleagues and clients. Her ability to blend empathy, humour and spirit with exemplary professionalism is exceptional. Leadership Louise’s legal skills are clearly evident in the many successful outcomes she achieved as legal adviser to a great variety of clients, particularly in the early stages of her career. Her qualities as a leader are equally impressive, and have long been recognised and appreciated by those around her. Louise’s role in AGS has been largely that of a leader – setting AGS’s strategic direction, and guiding and motivating AGS people to achieve their full potential. Former Chair of the AGS Advisory Board (2000-2013), John Allen said this about Louise: ‘One of the memories that I will carry away from my twelve and a half years here is that in the number two, Louise Vardanega who has been number two all the way since I’ve been here, AGS has a leader – not with great titles to reflect that but clearly the number two person to both [former AGS CEOs] Rayne de Gruchy and Ian Govey. I’ve watched how people follow her in my classical definition of leadership. I’ve also watched how well she works with the number ones, both Rayne and Ian and I’m always aware of watching two leaders interacting.’ (Presentation to AGS’s Leadership Group, 23 May 2013) Mentorship Louise takes great satisfaction from her role as a mentor to AGS staff. Although she has largely moved away from hands-on legal practise, she sees herself as a ‘facilitator’ of outstanding legal services to government. She makes it a priority to identify lawyers with outstanding potential, and to guide their professional development. In doing so, she is more inclined to provide people with opportunities and encourage them to stretch themselves, than to dish-out proscriptive guidance. If (as 1 AGS lawyer has said), ‘a truly great mentor is someone who points you to possibilities and gives you the courage to explore them while giving you complete ownership of the choices you make’, Louise certainly fits the bill. Tom Howe QC, Chief Counsel AGS Dispute Resolution, shared the following thoughts about Louise: ‘For the whole of my 30 years in AGS I have worked closely with Louise. She leads, first and foremost, by example. Minute by minute of every day, of every week, over each of those 30 years she has been scrupulous in her judgment, unstinting in her effort, and selfless in her commitment to achieving the best outcome for the people around her. I am often asked how Louise manages to maintain her loyalty and commitment to AGS, and to public service more generally. I think part of the answer lies in the heartfelt pleasure she takes in ‘growing’ those around her, and then watching them take their place in the world. I am a very grateful beneficiary of this extraordinary generosity of spirit. There are innumerable others.’ Sarah Court, former Director AGS Adelaide, now an ACCC Commissioner, said: ‘…the ball of energy that was Louise, motivated me, encouraged and challenged me – and gave me so many wonderful opportunities. To this day she has remained an inspiring role model and mentor, as well as a close friend.’ (AGS Alumni Newsletter, December 2012) Awards and honours In January 2000, Louise was awarded a Public Service Medal in the Australia Day 2000 Honours List for outstanding public service through leadership and management of the AGS’s ACT office. As Director of AGS Canberra, Louise was instrumental in AGS being named ‘Best Canberra Law Firm’ in the 2007 Business Review Weekly Client Choice Awards for professional services. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Author Details Sam Miley Created 18 May 2016 Last modified 21 November 2019 Digital resources Title: Louise Vardanega Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The collection comprises concert, opera and lecture programmes, journal articles, publicity material and programmes for productions directed by Miss Lawrence or staged by her pupils. There are some references to Percy Grainger in the publicity material. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 16 October 2002 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 1985 chiefly comprises eight scrapbooks of newspaper cuttings collected by the Australian Women Pilots’ Association about women fliers, particularly in Australia during the 1950s and 1960s. The collection also includes newspaper cuttings, letters and photographs relating to Jean Batten’s visit to Australia and New Zealand in 1970. A photocopy of an article on Pat Toole, and her flying in the Territory of New Guinea, is included. There is also the Charter that records the pilot licence numbers and signatures of foundation members of the Association who were present at the inaugural meeting held at the Royal Aero Club of New South Wales on 16 September, 1950 (1 folder, 1 fol. Box, 1 elephant folio).??The Acc10.058 instalment comprises a comprehensive scrapbook containing biographical notes, photographs and newspaper cuttings relating to various women pilots from the mid-1920s to the mid-1980s (1 elephant folio).??The Acc12.151 instalment comprises a scrapbook of newspaper cuttings titled “Australian Women Pilots’ Association- Book 8, 1965-1980” (1 fol. Box) Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 8 October 2004 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A framed oil painting on board (38 x 48 cm) by Mona Elliott depicting the interior of the dining room of the Brisbane Women’s Club, 1930. At this time the club was located in the National Mutual Building in Queen Street, Brisbane. The artist was a member of the club. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 26 June 2018 Last modified 26 June 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Joyce McConnell was appointed to the Order of the British Empire on 12 June 1976 for community services. She was an active member of a number of national women’s groups and Australian Capital Territory associations. McConnell was President of the National Council of Women of Australia, member of the National Women’s Advisory Council, National Women’s Consultative Council and the Federation of University Women. In 1976 McConnell was Australia’s delegate to the International Council of Women conference in Vancouver. Joyce McConnell represented Australian women to government with an even-handed professionalism that achieved lasting results. She was president of the National Council of Women of Australia 1973-1976 and a member of the peak national advisory bodies the National Women’s Advisory Council and the National Women’s Consultative Council from 1978-1986. Joyce Marion McConnell was born on 21 August 1916 at Wollstonecraft, NSW, the daughter of L.J. Smith. She was educated at North Sydney Girls’ High School and Sydney University. At the time of her marriage to Hugh McConnell on 31 August 1939, both she and her husband were studying economics as evening students, and both were active student politicians. Joyce served as a director of the Women’s Union and vice-president of the Student Representative Council. McConnell graduated with a Bachelor of Economics. Her husband’s work as a teacher took the family into country New South Wales, and later to Canberra. The marriage produced two sons and two daughters. McConnell became active in women’s affairs in 1957, joining the Canberra Association of University Women and becoming its delegate on the National Council of Women of the Australian Capital Territory. As convenor for housing and civic affairs, she was responsible for the first 2 surveys carried out by the Council in Canberra, seeking information regarding government housing and consumer prices. She served as honorary secretary of the Council in 1957-1958, resigning to accompany her husband overseas. On her return, she held the presidency of the Council from 1962 to 1964, raising funds to establish the first Senior Citizens’ Club in the ACT. Other voluntary work in community organisations at this time included chairing the Emergency Housekeeper Committee and the Anti-Litter Campaign, and helping found the Churchill Appeal. From 1964 to 1969, Hugh McConnell was posted to Argentina. Joyce McConnell joined the local University Women’s Club, and became a committee member of the Mission to Seamen in Buenos Aires. In 1973, McConnell became president of the National Council of Women of Australia. Hers was the first National Board to be located in Canberra. McConnell predicted correctly that its strength would be ‘in the very nature of Canberra-in the relative accessibility of those who sit in the seats of power and who are the architects of our national policy’. McConnell quickly established good working relationships with the emerging women’s bureaucracy inaugurated by the Whitlam Labor government and, despite her active membership of the Liberal Party, communicated effectively with politicians on both sides of the parliament. She worked equitably with representatives of newly vocal groups like the Women’s Electoral Lobby in planning for Women’s Resource Centres and Rape Crisis Centres, and in preparations for International Women’s Year. McConnell was one of the delegation of 10 women sent by the Australian government to the International Women’s Year Tribune held in association with the World Conference on Women in Mexico city in 1975. In 1976, she led the Australian delegation to the ICW Triennial Conference in Vancouver. In 1975 McConnell, on behalf of NCWA, proposed to Prime Minister Whitlam that he establish a representative Women’s Advisory Council. The suggestion was taken up by the Fraser government, and, in 1978, Fraser appointed McConnell to the newly constituted Council, reappointing her in 1982. When Prime Minister Hawke abolished the Council and replaced it with the National Women’s Consultative Council in1984, McConnell was again appointed: the only woman to serve both governments in this capacity. In 1979, as the NatWAC convenor in Canberra, she had to negotiate extreme opposition from right-wing radical women during the mid-decade consultations for the UN Decade for Women. She continued to work with NCWA, becoming an honorary life vice-president in 1979 and accepting the national convenorship of the Economics Standing Committee in 1980. She also returned to the leadership of the Australian Federation of University Women, organising their national conference in 1981. McConnell was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1976 for service to the community, and awarded the Queen’s Jubilee Medal in 1978. Joyce McConnell died of a massive stroke in 1991, a few days before her 75th birthday. Prepared by: Jan Hipgrave, Marian Quartly and Judith Smart Events 1978 - 1980 Member of the National Women’s Advisory Council 1979 - 1979 Honourary Life Vice-President of the National Council of Women of Australia 1973 - 1976 President of the National Council of Women of Australia 1962 - 1964 President of the National Council of Australian Capital Territory 1957 - 1958 Honourary Secretary of the National Council of Australian Capital Territory 2039 - 2039 Married Hugh McConnell and she bore four children 1978 - 1978 Awarded Queen’s Jubilee Medal 1984 - 1986 Member of the National Women’s Consultative Council 1976 - 1976 Member of the advisory committee on the Australian Government Contribution to the United States Bicentennial 1976 - 1976 Leader and Australian delegate to the International Council of Women conference in Vancouver 1962 - 1964 Chairman of the Emergency Housekeeper Service in the Australian Capital Territory 1976 - 1976 Appointed to the Order of the British Empire 1980 - 1980 Convenor of the Economics Standing Committee for the National Council of Australian Women 1981 - 1981 Council member of the Australian Federation of University Women 1975 - 1975 Vice-chair of the National Committee for the International Women’s Year for the United Nations Association of Australia 1975 - 1975 Member of the delegation of ten women sent by the Australian government to the United Nations Tribune for International Women’s Year in Mexico City 1957 - 1957 Member of the Australian Federation of University Women (ACT) 1965 - 1969 Member of the University Women’s Club (Argentina) 1976 - 1976 Member of the Women’s International Club (ACT) 1964 - 1964 Member of the First Garden Club (ACT) 1973 - 1973 Associate member of the Royal Canberra Golf Club 1974 - 1977 Vice-president of the Australian Pre-School Association 1965 - 1969 Committee member of the Mission to Seamen in Buenos Aires 1964 - 1965 Member of the Churchill Appeal committee in the Australian Capital Territory 1982 - 1984 Member of the National Women’s Advisory Council Published resources Newspaper Article Active life in women's affairs, 1991 Edited Book Who's Who of Australian Women, Lofthouse, Andrea, 1982 Who's Who in Australia, 1988, Cadman, Kerith A, 1988 Who's Who in Australia 1974, Legge, J. S., 1974 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Stirrers with Style! Presidents of the National Council of Women of Australia and its predecessors, National Council of Women of Australia, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ncwa Book Beryl Beaurepaire, McKernan, Michael, 1999 Capital women : a history of the work of the National Council of Women (A.C.T.) in Canberra, 1939-1979, Stephenson, Freda, 1992 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Joyce McConnell, 1960-1989 [manuscript] Records of the National Council of Women of Australia, 1924-1990 [manuscript] Records of the National Council of Women of Australia, 1936-1972 [manuscript] National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Joyce McConnell, former president of the National Council of Women of Australia, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 19 January 2004 Last modified 29 October 2018 Digital resources Title: Joyce McConnell Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Title: Begum1963.jpg Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Records comprising papers relating to the Union of Australian women’s involvement with the Panhellenic Women’s Movement in South Australia, an organisation formed to assist Greek migrant women with everyday problems. Papers include correspondence and an organisational constitution. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 18 June 2006 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Margaret Olley is known as one of Australia’s most prized interior and still life painters. She first came to public attention as the subject of Sir William Dobell’s winning Archibald portrait in 1948. These days she is regarded as an Australian national treasure. In 1997 her work was the subject of a major retrospective organized by the Art Gallery of New South Wales. Margaret Olley began her career painting sets for various theatre groups, before displaying her painting in exhibitions at Royal Queensland Art Society and the Under Thirties Group in Sydney. Her painting New England Landscape won the inaugural Mosman Prize in 1947. Margaret later travelled to Europe where she studied art at La Grande Chaumiere in Paris and, in 1952, she exhibited a collection of favourably-reviewed paintings. She returned to Brisbane in 1953 and was commissioned by the Queensland Art Gallery to paint a mural of Paris’ Place de la Concorde for an upcoming French art exhibition. She soon received commissions to paint murals in other Brisbane landmarks such as the Grosvenor and Lennon’s hotels. Since then, Margaret has travelled the globe gaining inspiration for her bold still-life paintings and viewing exhibitions of classic artists such as Van Gogh, Matisse, Miro and Manet. Margaret is regarded as a generous benefactor, having donated many of her works to the Art Gallery of New South Wales. In 1990, she established the Margaret Hannah Olley Trust to produce other artists’ works for public donation. In 1994, Olley’s generosity to the gallery was celebrated in the Great gifts, great patrons exhibition to which she donated works of Donald Friend, Arthur Boyd, Walter Sickert, Edgar, Duncan Grant and Mathew Smith. Margaret has earned countless art prizes and awards for her many works shown in numerous solo and group exhibitions worldwide. In 2006 Margaret was elevated to Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) for her service as one of Australia’s most distinguished artists, her support and philanthropy to the visual and performing arts, and her encouragement of young and emerging artists. In 2007 she was appointed a Fellow of the National Art School. Published resources Resource Section Margaret Olley, 2008, http://www.cultureandrecreation.gov.au/articles/margaretolley/ Margaret Olley, France Christine, 2007, http://www.daao.org.au/main/read/4898 Margaret Olley AC (1923 ), Queensland Government, 2009, http://www.women.qld.gov.au/q150/1940/index.html#item-margaret-olley Margaret Olley, Extract Biographical Notes, Bacon, Philip, 2007, http://www.philipbacon.com.au/artists/MargaretOlley/notes.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Newspaper Article Portrait of a life well lived Author Details Lee Butterworth Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letters from Daisy Bates to the Reverend John Mathew concerning the ethnology of the Aboriginal Australian people in Western Australia. Newscuttings of articles by Daisy Bates (1 folder + 1 medium folio box). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 January 2018 Last modified 6 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The experience of Greek-Australians is an integral part of Australian History. Since first arriving in the late 1810s, Greeks have made significant contributions to the nation’s cultural diversity and prosperity. Today, descendants of the earliest arrivals, immigrants, and their Australian-born children inhabit vital communities throughout the country, the inheritors of a vigorous Greek culture secured through the determined efforts of their forebears. The first significant stream of Greek migration to Australia began in the 1850sthe lure of gold attracting a small stream of settlers to Australia. Early Greece-born settlers mainly worked in mining camps, on the wharves or on coastal ships. The total population at the turn of the century was small – the 1901 Australian Census recorded 878 Greece-born people. Many were owners or employees in shops and restaurants. Some were cane cutters in Queensland. There was a substantial increase in immigration between the two World Wars, caused in part by the expulsion of Greeks from Asia Minor in 1922 23 and immigration quotas imposed by the United States in the early 1920s. By the 1947 Census, the number of Greece-born was 12,291. After the Second World War, with the active encouragement of the Greek Government, struggling with post-war reconstruction, large numbers of Greeks migrated to Australia. The migration of Greeks to Australia especially increased after 1952 when the Australian Government provided assisted passage to tens of thousands of Greeks. By 1961 the number of Greece-born people in Australia had reached 77,333. Greek migration continued to expand rapidly throughout the 1960s and at the time of the 1971 Census there were 160,200 Greece-born in Australia with about 47 per cent living in Melbourne. The latest Census in 2001 recorded 116,530 Greece-born persons in Australia, with Victoria (57,780) still being the most populous state, followed by New South Wales (36,910), South Australia (11,690) and Queensland (3,990). The median age of the community in 2001 was 59.3 years compared with 46.0 years for all overseas-born and 35.6 years for the total Australian population, a significant statistics that carries important implications for the provision of health and aged care services. Over time, the sex imbalance has decreased to a point where the ratio is almost equal. No more need for ‘bride ships’, or specific drives to encourage women to marry the many bachelors who were attracted in the post-war wave of migration. Despite keenly preserving and supporting their own cultural heritage, Greece-born Australians have also committed to their Australian identity. At the 2001 Census, the rate of Australian Citizenship for the Greece-born in Australia was 98.0 per cent. The rate for all overseas-born was 75.1 per cent. Published resources Report Beyond the Rolling Wave: A Thematic History of Greek Settlement in New South Wales, Turnbull, Craig and Vakiotis, Chris, 2001 Greeks In Australia: 100 years of History, Costadopoulos-Hill, Maria, 1979, http://www.cybernaut.com.au/greeksinoz/ Edited Book The Australian People: An Encyclopaedia of the Nation, Its People and Their Origins, Jupp, James, 2001 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Sotiria Liangis interviewed by Marg Carroll in the Centenary of Canberra oral history project Matina Mottee interviewed by Nicola Henningham [sound recording]. State Library of South Australia Postcards from Home: Interviews with Thebarton Women from Non-English Speaking Backgrounds : SUMMARY RECORD [sound recording] Interviewers: Members of Thebarton Community Arts Network Interview with Maria Gaganis [sound recording] Interviewer: Marjorie Roe Papers re: Panhellenic Women's Movement Greek Orthodox Community of NSW Cultural Centre Papers of the Greek Orthodox Community of New South Wales Private Hands (These regards may not be readily available) Papers Of Vivi Koutsianidis-Germanos State Library of Victoria Music of migrant groups in Australia, [197-?]. [sound recording]. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 17 June 2006 Last modified 20 November 2018 Digital resources Title: Young Greek Girls Dancing Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Title: spanish.jpg Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial located at the Ballarat Botanical Gardens features a granite wall listing the names of Australian Prisoners of War (POW). The listing is by surname and initials and shown by war. Between the Boer War (1899-1902) and the Korean War in the 1950’s 34,737 Australian servicemen and women (59 World War II nurses) were incarcerated in POW camps. The monument, designed by sculptor Peter Blizzard, is intended to provide ex-prisoners of war, their descendants, visitors and future generations with a reflective experience. The design of the POW monument uses the basic idea of a journey through and an experience of time and place. The start of the pathway is long and straight heading off into the shape of railway sleepers, a reference to the Burma Railway. Running parallel to the pathway is a polished black granite wall, 130 metres long etched with the names of all Australian POWs. Standing in a reflective pool are huge basalt obelisks up to 4.5 metres high with the names of the POW camps. The columns are out of reach and across the water symbolizing that all the POW camps were away from Australian shores. Further on, there is another wall with the words ‘Lest we Forget’ engraved, allowing for an area of contemplation and reflection after the “journey”. The Memorial’s dedication took place on 6 February 2004. Nurses listed on Memorial Anderson, M J Ashton, C J Balfour-Ogilvy, E L Beard, A M Blake, K C Blanch, J J Bridge, A J Bullwinkel, V Callaghan, E M Casson, F R Clancy, V A Cullen, M C Cuthbertson, M E Davis, W M Delforce, C E M Dorsch, M H M Doyle, J G Drummond, I M Elmes, D G Fairweather, L F Freeman, R D Gardam, D S Greer, J K Gunther, J P Halligan, C I Hannah, E M Harper, I Harris, N Hempsted, P B Hodgson, M I Hughes, G L James, N G Jeffrey, A B Keast, D C Keats, E L Kerr, J McElnea, V I McGlade, M E Mittelheuser, P B Muir, S J M Neuss, K M Oram, W E F Oxley, C S M Parker, K I Raymont, W R Salmon, F A Short, E M Simons, J E Singleton, I A Smith, V E Stewart, E S J Syer, A C Tait, M M A Trotter, F E Tweddell, J Whyte, L M Wight, R J Wilmott, B Woodbridge, B Published resources Article 34,737 PoWs...we will remember them, O'Connor, Angela, 2002, http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2002/10/11/1034222594951.html Newspaper Article All expectations surpassed despite unexpected heat, Ellery, David, 2004 Thousands eager to search for names, Ellery, David, 2004 Memories shared by generations, Best, Catherine, 2004 Resource The Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial, Ballarat Botanical Gardens, http://www.ballarat.com/memorial.htm Author Details Anne Heywood Created 29 September 2003 Last modified 16 September 2013 Digital resources Title: Australian Ex-Prisoners of War Memorial Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Title: AWE0569gb.jpg Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A graduate of the University of Adelaide, Her Honour Judge Sue Oliver was admitted as a solicitor and barrister of the Supreme Court of South Australia in 1978 and then promptly moved with her (then) husband to Darwin, where she has lived ever since. She was appointed to the Northern Territory Magistrates Court (now called the Northern Territory Local Court) in 2006, after having practised law in a variety of public and private sectors contexts. As managing magistrate of the Northern Territory Youth Justice Court in the Northern Territory, she has a particular interest in and has published widely on matters relating to the complex issues surrounding the management of young offenders. Since arriving in the N.T., Oliver has also contributed her time and energy to a variety of community and national organisations. These include the Family Planning Association, the YWCA, the International Legal Services Advisory Council, Commissioner for the NT Legal Aid Commission, committee member NT Law Society and Board Member of the Australian Women Lawyers. She is presently a member of the Country Women’s Association in Katherine. Sue Oliver was interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD. Sue Oliver was the first person in her family to go to university, a beneficiary of the free tertiary education system introduced by the Whitlam Labor Government elected in 1972. Nineteen years old and working her way up northern Australia at the time of the election, the prospect of free tertiary education was enough to bring her back to Adelaide, complete her Higher School Certificate, and qualify for university entrance. She originally thought about studying medicine, but realised she didn’t have the maths/science competence to get the mark required. She settled on law, and has never looked back. ‘The best thing about being a lawyer, is the intellectual challenge of the law,’ she says. ‘The best thing about having a legal career …is having the opportunity to meet people you wouldn’t otherwise have met and to better understand their lives.’ After completing her degree at the University of Adelaide in 1978, Oliver completed a Graduate Diploma of Legal Practice as an alternative to doing articles. Not having any connections in the Adelaide legal families, she had no connection to the networks necessary to getting a position in a good firm. She never felt disadvantaged by taking this route – if anything she was glad to be moving in less conservative circles. Having once been asked by some students conducting a survey whether her background was ‘Upper class, upper middle class, middle class, lower middle class, lower class,’ Oliver responded with out-rage and indignation, ‘Anybody ever heard of working class?’ She was glad for the more progressive opportunities that the graduate diploma offered. Despite being admitted as a solicitor and barrister to the Supreme Court of South Australia, Oliver did not begin her career there. Her then husband was offered a job in the Northern Territory and the opportunity to move into a jurisdiction that was rebuilding and developing was too good to refuse. She began her professional legal career in 1979 as a legal adviser to the Territory Government before moving to the North Australian Aboriginal Legal Aid Service. From there, she moved into further government work, including in the Office of the Deputy Crown Solicitor, the Social Security Appeals Tribunal and the office of the Australian Government Solicitor, before embarking on a career in academia. Oliver is a former legal academic with a Master of Laws from the College of William and Mary in Virginia, U.S.A. (1994). In 1998, after many years in teaching and administration in the Faculty of Business at the Northern Territory Institute on Technology, she was appointed the first Dean of the Faculty of Law, Business and Arts at what was then the newly restructured Northern Territory University. Subsequently she was Director of Legal Policy and Acting Executive Director of Legal Services in the Territory’s Department of Justice immediately prior to her appointment to the Bench in 2006. As an academic, her teaching areas included contract, employment law and defamation. As Director of Legal Policy she developed the Freedom of Information and Privacy legislation and the reform of the Criminal Code, including the reform of mandatory life sentencing. In recent years, Oliver has been managing magistrate of the Northern Territory Youth Justice Court in the Northern Territory. In this capacity she has been working with a variety of services towards building a better framework to enable the court and services like the Department of Children and Families and the Youth Justice Division of Corrections to communicate with each other and manage cases better. Information on young people in the system has been ‘siloed’ for years – ‘nobody’s talking but everybody’s got information’ – and she has been working on systems that share that information between services while protecting the rights and privacy of the young person. According to some youth justice advocates familiar with the Northern Territory, Oliver’s efforts with the Katherine youth court have been successful. Words like ‘holistic and ‘user-friendly’ have been used to describe the system. According to some advocates, ‘It’s less punitive’ with ‘less onerous bail conditions’, than past, and some present, court systems have been. In March 2007, Oliver was one of five women who presided over Darwin courts for the first time, the largest female jurist contingent ever to sit in one place in the Northern Territory, a noteworthy occasion indeed. Justice Sally Thomas, Chief Magistrate Jenny Blokland, Acting Magistrate Tanya Fong Lim and Magistrates Melanie Little and Sue Oliver were referred to as the “five sisters in law” in a report in the Northern Territory News and the journal of the Northern Territory Law Society. As well as acknowledging the experience and expertise the group of five possessed, the article noted that between them, there were eleven children, with Oliver mother to four of them. Maintaining work/life balance has involved constant juggling and even though opportunities for women to work in the legal profession have improved markedly over her time, Oliver can’t see anyway around the juggling. ‘I think the same challenges will always be there,’ she says. ‘You want an intellectual life for yourself. You want a career for yourself but you want to balance that against bringing up your children, giving them the things that they want and seeing them, you know, blossom into life. I can’t see that ever changes.’ With support, however, the juggling act is manageable. Published resources Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Sue Oliver interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Trailblazing women and the law oral history project Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 30 May 2016 Last modified 1 November 2016 Digital resources Title: Her Honour Judge Sue Oliver Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

May Freeman was born into a privileged Geelong, Victoria, family. Her great and lifelong contribution to her local community was as a committed volunteer leader and member of community organisations. May was a Sunday School teacher, and was involved in the Guides and Brownies from their earliest days in 1925 until her death. She was a committee member of the Girls Unity Club, which provided education, recreation and support for Geelong’s working girls, and was a member of Rotary, the YWCA, the Red Cross, the Victoria League, The Royal Commonwealth Society Women’s Group and the Trefoil Guild. May Freeman attended The Hermitage (Geelong Church of England Grammar School). Her diaries, from 1917 to 1983, document the full attendant lifestyle of social calls, sports, and involvement at church. Upon leaving school at the end of 1918, she commenced work in an office, typing and preparing trial balances. She was a member of a number of recreational groups: her school’s Old Girls Association, and Reading Circle, as well as, in later years a Film Society. For six and a half decades, her diaries reflected her commitment to a large number of community organisations, primarily, but not exclusively, centred on the Girl Guides, the Presbyterian Church and the YWCA. She made a trip to England in 1936, to attend events hosted by the English patrons of the Guides. May never married, and died in September 1988, aged 88. Published resources CD ROM Federation Index, Victoria 1889-1901: Index to Births, Deaths and Marriages in Victoria, McBeth Genealogical Services/ Coherent Software Australia/The Crown in the State of Victoria, 1997 The Federation Index. Victoria 1889-1901, Victoria, Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages, 1997, https://online.justice.vic.gov.au/bdm/index-search?action=getHistIdxSearchCriteria Microform Geelong Eastern Cemetery, Funeral Service Deceased Listings, Geelong Cemeteries Trust, 1996 Newspaper Geelong Advertiser 19-21 September 1988 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Geelong Heritage Centre Geelong Girls Unity Club Geelong Kindergarten Girl Guides Company Girl Guides Association of Victoria. Aberdeen Street, Geelong, Vic. Branch Freeman, May - Collection Author Details Janet Butler Created 21 August 2009 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lorna Sharp, born in Gnowangerup, Western Australia (1934), discusses her father’s experiences in WW1; her father being a ‘soldier settler’ and being allocated land at Jerramungup (1920); her mother and siblings; the farm and its buildings; the Depression; domestic hardships; her father’s death (1939); moving to Albany; schooling; WW2; moving to Kalgoorlie (1946); her and her family’s various employments; expected careers for girls; descriptions of Kalgoorlie; her mother’s death; nurse training at Kalgoorlie Regional Hospital; the facilities and her duties; waitressing; bookkeeping; women’s wages; widow’s pensions; marriage and children; her husband’s employments; accommodation; transport; domestic finances; self-sufficiency; alcoholism and gambling; domestic chores, tools and routine.??Sharp discusses entertaining friends; illness; studying to be a real estate agent; the real estate business and laws in Kalgoorlie at that time; being the first woman real estate officer in Kalgoorlie; her husband’s reaction to her work; buying properties; business difficulties; mentors; her relationship with the business community in Kalgoorlie; her current business and employees; women in real estate today; grief; the effect of the resources boom on Kalgoorlie; a description of Kalgoorlie and its inhabitants today; learning to drive; reflections on women in education and paid employment; completing an Accounting Degree; political involvement; her enjoyment of the real estate business Author Details Criena Fitzgerald Created 7 August 2012 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diane Beamer has represented Western Sydney at local and state government level and become a Minister of the Crown in New South Wales. As an ALP candidate she initially missed election to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Badgery’s Creek in 1991, but was successful in 1995. She was re-elected in 1999, 2003 and 2007, but as Member for Mulgoa on the abolition of the Badgery Creek electorate. She left the Ministry following the 2007 election and retired at the 2011 election. Diane was also a Councillor in the Penrith City Council (1989-95), Penrith’s Deputy Mayor (1992-93) and Mayor (1993-94). Diane Beamer was elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1995, having been a Penrith City Councillor for six years. From 1995 to 1999 she was a member of the Standing Committee on Public Works, and the Regulation review Committee. She was Temporary Chairman of Committees from 1999 to 2003. In 2003 she became a Minister, and has held the portfolios of Minister assisting the Minister for Infrastructure and Planning, Juvenile Justice. Prior to her election to Parliament, she was Electoral Officer for the Hon., John Brown, M.H.R. (then Minister for Sport and Tourism) from 1985-89. In 2005 she was the Minister for Fair Trading, Western Sydney and Minister assisting the Minister for Commerce in the Labor government led by Morris Iemma, MLA. Diane Beamer completed a BA at the University of Sydney and was married to Stephen Hutchins, then David Humphries. She has four daughters and two sons. Published resources Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 2003, De Micheli, Catherine and Herd, Margaret, 2003 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Thelma Metcalfe was president of the Australian National Council of Women from 1957 to1960. She also held office in a variety of other organisations, including as president of the NCW of NSW 1948-1960. During her term of office as national president, she stressed the importance of regional activism and work towards improving social and economic conditions, particularly for women in the Asia-Pacific area, most urgently in Papua New Guinea. Metcalfe’s presidency also saw ANCW attention directed towards redressing inequality issues relevant to women, varying education standards in Australia, the declining value of child endowment, and the financial hardships of deserted wives. In light of her extensive community involvement, an ANCW obituarist claimed she was regarded as ‘the best authority on the women’s organisations in NSW’. Thelma Constance Vagg was born on 10 September 1898 in Fitzroy, Melbourne, the daughter of Victorian-born parents Harry Vagg, farmer, and his wife Emily Anne, née Sallery. She was educated at Albury District School and the University of Sydney (BA, 1922; Dip. Ed. 1923). She taught languages in NSW public schools before marrying John Wallace Metcalfe, deputy principal librarian of the State Library of NSW, on 3 March 1934. She then accompanied him on a 6-month tour of libraries in the USA and Europe, for which he was funded by a Carnegie Corporation of New York travel grant, and thereafter worked with him in the Free Library Movement, a citizens’ group formed in 1935 to lobby for a system of public libraries to serve the needs of all the people. In November 1935, the Sydney Morning Herald published an article she wrote on ‘Andrew Carnegie: Father of Libraries’. Thelma remained John’s loyal supporter in his many library activities as deputy and principal state librarian, founder of the Australian Institute of Librarians (now Australian Library and Information Association) and director of the first university library school at the University of NSW. Thelma’s teaching experience, interest in languages and libraries, and her overseas travel fostered a commitment to education and international awareness that she brought to her leadership roles in the National Council of Women. Thelma Metcalfe was an office bearer in the NSW and/or Australian NCW for 40 years. In the NSW Council she was secretary (1941-1948) under Ruby Board’s presidency, then president (1948-1960), a regular delegate to ANCW from 1946, and state convenor for migration from 1962 until 1981. It was through her hard work and dedication as Council secretary in the war years that the Nutritional Advisory Council was set up in1942, and, in cooperation with president Ruby Board, she helped found the Housekeepers’ Emergency Service in 1943. Meals on Wheels in NSW began as a pilot project in the early 1950s, operating from a church in Newtown. Under the sponsorship of NCW NSW, led by Metcalfe, the program grew to become a statewide community service. She was also instrumental in establishing the Children’s Film Council in 1950 (later the NSW Council for Children’s Films and Television) and presided over it during her period as NCW NSW president. The Council provided valuable comment and guidance for parents in a period of rapid growth in the film and television industries. Metcalfe’s NCW and other work was acknowledged by an MBE awarded for community services in 1956. In 1970, NCW NSW marked her 30 years of service to the organisation with an honorary life vice-presidency. Metcalfe was elected to represent the Australian National Council of Women at the Jubilee Women’s Convention in 1951 and served as president of ANCW from 1957 to 1960, then as national convenor for migration 1962-1964. During her presidency, ANCW focused on redressing discrimination against married women in the workforce; increasing representation and participation of women in local, national and international forums; urging government ratification of the 1951 ILO convention on equal pay as well as putting its conditions into effect; lobbying state and federal governments for correlation of standards between state education systems; and agitating for measures to deal with the declining value of child endowment as well as the financial hardships of deserted wives. Metcalfe’s particular interest and expertise in migration saw her represent the ANCW at the 10th and 11th annual Citizenship Conventions in Canberra in 1959 and 1960, and on the National Executive Committee of World Refugee Year 1959-1960. In 1959, Thelma Metcalfe also represented the International Council of Women at the conference of the UN Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE, now Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific or ESCAP) held in Brisbane. This experience and her involvement in the Pan Pacific and Southeast Asian Women’s Association led her to stress the importance of regional activism and work towards improving social and economic conditions for women in the Asia-Pacific area. All Councils were especially urged to focus on education in Papua New Guinea. The final conference of Metcalfe’s ANCW presidency in 1960 saw discussion of the possibility of an ICW conference or executive meeting being held in Australia, or, alternatively, a regional conference. Metcalfe favoured the latter, believing it would gain government financial support in helping cement good relations with Asian countries. Although it did not eventuate during her presidency, an Asia-focused ICW seminar on International Understanding was held in Brisbane in 1964, with some support from the federal government, and the idea of a larger conference simmered in Council circles and came to fruition in an ICW regional conference on population issues in 1973, held in Sydney and supported financially by the UN and the Australian government. Thelma Metcalfe also held office in a great many other organisations, remaining active in most till her last illness. She was a long-term member and president of the Lyceum Club, a founding member and, later, president of the Good Neighbour Council of NSW, an early member of NSW Pan-Pacific and Southeast Asia Women’s Association from its re-establishment in 1954 and its president from 1963 until 1968, and for many years the Council delegate to and vice-president of the NSW branch of the UN Association of Australia. She was also active in the British Drama League, the NSW committee for International Children’s Book Week and the Arts Council of Australia, NSW. She once remarked that she was the ‘best Annual Meeting attender in Australia’. Her NCW obituarist, Jean Arnot, wrote that Thelma Metcalfe would be remembered for her ‘significant work … in the cause of human welfare, for her perseverance, for her tolerance, for her good humour and for her great capacity for objectivity’. She died on 18 May 1984 at Emu Plains after suffering physical disability for some years. Events 1963 - 1968 Pan Pacific and S. E. Asia Women’s Association NSW Published resources Site Exhibition Stirrers with Style! Presidents of the National Council of Women of Australia and its predecessors, National Council of Women of Australia, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ncwa Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 1959, Alexander, Joseph. A, 1959 Resource Section Metcalfe, Thelma Constance (1898-1984), Jones, David. J., 2012, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/metcalfe-thelma-constance-15096/text26160 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the National Council of Women of Australia, 1924-1990 [manuscript] Author Details Jan Hipgrave, Marian Quartly and Judith Smart Created 3 September 2013 Last modified 14 October 2013 Digital resources Title: Thelma Metcalfe Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Claudia Wright was a trailblazer for talkback radio in Melbourne, Victoria, in the 1970s. A committed feminist and fighter for social justice, she worked in print, radio and television journalism throughout the 1960s, 70s and 80s until she was affected by the early onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Even when ill, she allowed herself to be the subject of documentaries that brought attention to the impact of the disease on patients and their carers. Claudia Wright resigned from Melbourne Radio Station 3AW, during an on-air broadcast, in February 1977, when she was at the peak of the Melbourne media ratings, and one of the two most widely listened-to radio broadcasters in Australia. (The other was John Laws of Sydney.) She announced there had been a campaign to sack her, and that she would rather resign in protest than tolerate the lack of support from the Macquarie network. The clash which led to her resignation began in late 1976, after a fiery run-in with the Macquarie network’s advertisers, ethnic and religious lobby groups, and a change of station manager, who was fearful of her role in controversial broadcasts relating to Catholic Church doctrine, the Arab-Israeli conflict, language acceptable for public broadcast, and other issues. In response to Bishop Fox of Sale’s denunciation of divorce, contraception, abortion and other ‘moral perversions’ at a Catholic women’s conference, Wright urged women in her radio and television broadcasts to fight back, criticising the ‘narrow views of the ‘antique Catholics’. The church fought back and Claudia, in particular, was targeted for special criticism due to what Father Patrick Murray of Drouin described as her use of ‘coarse speech and emotional screeching to talk down her opponents’. Pulpit sermons were ordered by the Church, calling on Catholic advertisers to withdraw their advertisements from 3AW. Following an on-air debate between Father Murray and Wright, mediated by John Tingle, which the station promoted to the hilt and which was one of the most highly rated broadcasts of the time, various sponsors threatened to withdraw their advertising. A number of controversial broadcasts followed, including one where she made satirical comments about Governor-general Sir John Kerr’s wife. She had broadcast and written acerbically about the “constitutional putsch” of November 1975, in which Kerr had dismissed the Labour Prime Minister Gough Whitlam. Whitlam was one of Claudia’s long-time supporters, and he and many others joined the public protests that ensued, after the February 1977 resignation. Wright told the station manager to “fuck off” as she left the station-door. She wore her sacking as a badge of honour, later telling a journalist from the Melbourne Age that she regarded it as ‘…a compliment…a perverse recognition of my talent.’ Broadcasting in order to tell people how to ‘bake cakes and cut their chook’s toenails’ was simply not Claudia Wright’s scene. So what was Claudia Wright’s scene? The statement issued after her sacking by the Women’s Liberation Movement gives us more than a subtle hint. Calling for her reinstatement, the spokeswoman for the movement alleged that she was: ‘the latest in a long list of articulate women who had been robbed of their livelihood because they spoke the truth about women in society…for women everywhere who had not voice, Claudia was that voice.’ Claudia Wright’s ‘scene’ was to provide a platform for ‘the underdog’ to have her day. Whether it was convincing the Macquarie network management to broadcast live for twelve hours from the 1975 Women and Politics Conference in Canberra, highlighting concerns about East Timor in the mid 1970s, discussing such taboo subjects as incest and rape on prime-time radio, or using the word ‘cunt’ on air in a poetry reading and interview with Anne Summers about her new feminist history ‘Damned Whores and God’s Police’ ( an utterance ruled permissible by the broadcasting authority because it was ‘in context’), Claudia Wright was committed to creating radical news, in a responsible fashion. Off air, and without public fanfare, she met regularly with prisoners at Melbourne’s Pentridge prison; helped publicize women’s health and self-help organizations to deal with breast and cervical cancer, and marital violence; assisted the campaign for the “disappeared”, victims of the military junta in Argentina; supported the East Timorese refugee organizations; and assisted her home-town and its Chinese community. A product of her times, her journalism reflected the enormous social changes of the 1960s and 70s, especially as they impacted feminism and political life in Australia. And, as her good friend and former radio producer, Julie Copeland, said after her death in 2005: ‘There was no-one else quite like her – we got away with probably doing the most radical programs ever heard on commercial radio – I don’t think we’ll see her like again’. Claudia Wright was born in Bendigo in 1934. Of poor, multicultural stock (her grandmother was Chinese), she attended school in Bendigo and worked her way up the journalist ladder, her first foothold being a job with the local Bendigo paper. From there, she moved to the Melbourne Herald, and worked on the paper’s fashion and social pages, eventually taking on the role of editor of the Women’s Section. New to Melbourne society, she took great delight in critiquing the conduct, hypocrisies and corruption of some its members, especially the vice-regal pretensions of the Government House set. She hobnobbed with them at the Melbourne Cup, was great friends with some of the most influential among them, making writers as well as friends of some like Lilian Frank, despite their political differences. After creating a profile and public following at the Herald, she was ousted by Rupert Murdoch, the newspaper proprietor, after there were complaints that she was giving voice to causes that had not been publicized in the Melbourne media before. Murdoch then asked her to serve as a special reporter for the London wedding of the Prince of Wales and Princess Diana. She told Murdoch no, and excoriated him in public print for years. She remained on friendly terms, however, with Prince Charles. Thirty years later, she returned to attack Murdoch, and in one of the last acts of her life, as she was dying, she authorized a defamation suit against Murdoch’s paper, the London Times, for reporting, falsely, that she had been a Soviet spy. After leaving the Herald, she moved to join Melbourne radio station 3AW. One of a team of morning presenters that included radio stalwarts Ormsby Wilkins and Norman Banks, Claudia (or Claws as she was widely nicknamed) contributed to a program that consistently topped the morning ratings for many years. Listeners loved Claudia, or loved to hate her. In particular, they loved to tune in at 8:30 am to conversations/arguments between Norman Banks and Claudia. Although Banks did not conceal his public and personal animosity, Claudia did not reciprocate, and acknowledged privately that she felt sorry for Banks. Radio was never boring when Claudia was involved, because Claudia herself got bored easily, a characteristic that made her a challenge to produce for at times. Claudia asserted her feminist politics loudly and proudly; as indicated by the protests against her sacking, her position at the pulpit was greatly appreciated by the majority of feminists. There were some in the movement, however, who didn’t entirely approve of her because, despite her feminist credentials, Claudia committed the cardinal sin of attending to her appearance. Claudia was attractive, stylish and glamorous – she wore make-up, jewellery, and couture clothes. She saw no reason why maintaining appearance conflicted with feminist aims, and this sat uncomfortably with some feminists of the time. She was a career-long friend of Germaine Greer, and of US and UK leaders of the feminist movements of the 1970s and 1980s. Between her run-in with the Catholics and her resignation in 1977, Claudia travelled to the Middle East, where she reported sympathetically on the Palestinian position and interviewed Arab leaders, including Libya’s Muammar Gaddafi, Yasser Arafat of the PLO, and leaders of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Oman, becoming one of the first western journalists to do so. She also interviewed prominent Israelis, such as General Moshe Dayan. At the time of her exit from 3AW in 1977, she was living with her husband, John Helmer, with whom she had a son, Catullus. She had two other children with first husband, journalist Geoffrey Wright. She moved to the United States, settling in Washington D.C., where she broadcast occasionally on National Public Radio, and was the Washington correspondent for New Statesman, for the French Catholic weekly, Temoignage Chretien, and for the leading Greek newspaper, Ta Nea. Her work was published in many of the leading US newspapers, including the New York Times, the Los Angeles Times, and Washington Post, as well as in the leading foreign policy journals of the US, including Foreign Affairs. She was honoured with the award of a Woodrow Wilson Fellowship at the US Smithsonian Institution. In 1983, although she was diagnosed with thyroid cancer, she delayed a life-saving operation, in order to return to Melbourne at the invitation of 3AW, and present a series of 4-hour morning radio programs during the six-week summer season. She replaced presenter Derryn Hinch, who, out-rated, tried to sabotage her return. Her last active journalistic link with Australia was as Washington correspondent for Vogue. Her radical journalism resulted in her being accused of treason in the Australian Senate in the early 1980s, and then, in later years, in bizarre accusations about her being a spy for the Soviets. Her accuser, a KGB major, who was dismissed from his service for alcoholism, had been incensed when his superiors listened to tape-recordings, in which Claudia had told her husband of the agent’s attempt to grope her sexually at a restaurant in Moscow. On the tape, Claudia was heard to say that she had told the agent to “get that little thing out of me”. Published retractions and apologies in the UK and London put an end to the claims, until they were resurrected in the Times in January of 2005, when the newspaper was promoting a new book by one of its correspondents, and believed Claudia was dead, and therefore safe to libel. The two rounds of allegations came at a time when her ability to speak for herself about them was limited. In 1988, Claudia Wright was diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease; she was just 54 at the time. Her treatment was aided by experimental drugs provided by her friend, the Prime Minister of Greece, Andreas Papandreou. She lived with the illness for another seventeen years. During that time, she was, characteristically, far from silent. Through the “Sixty Minutes” television programme, she organized the first ever-television documentaries in Australia to show what impact the disease was having on her, launching thereby a national campaign for funds to aid Alzheimer’s Disease research. That fund is ongoing at the Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria. She also fought against the conditions of her hospitalization, and for the rights of institutional patients, taking to tribunal hearings the Presbyterian Church, which operated the centre where she spent her last decade, as well as the Victorian state Office of Public Advocate and the Guardianship and Administration Board, for mistreatment. Her claims were all dismissed. It was an unfair and unfitting last chapter for an incredibly fit woman with a powerful commitment to giving the unvoiced a voice. Her grave is in the village cemetery of White Hills, where her Chinese relatives also lie, outside Bendigo. A memorial service was held the week after her death, on February 5, 2005, at Como House, which was across the street from Claudia’s last Australian home, and over-looked the park where she would jog every morning. A film compilation by her son Catullus, including excerpts of the famous 1976 radio debate with the Catholic priest, was presented. Eulogies were given by London writers Greer and Scarthe Flett; Helmer; Copeland; and Frank. A death notice placed in the New York Times on February 3rd 2005 in a few well chosen words told the world exactly what Claudia Wright’s scene was: ‘She wrote, she fought, she loved.’ Events 1960 - 1990 Published resources Resource Vale Claudia Wright, ABC Radio Overnights Program, 2005, http://www.abc.net.au/overnights/stories/s1299213.htm Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Documentary Film Alzheimer's and Claudia Wright, Alec Hodgkinson, 1999 Claudia, Jeff McMullen, 1990 Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html Archival resources State Library of Victoria Claudia Wright interviewing Mr John Kaputin, Port Moresby, New Guinea [picture] National Film and Sound Archive A Current Affair. 1975.09.19 National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Claudia Wright, journalist, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 6 November 2008 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 hour 7 minutes??A collection of eight interviews conducted by pairs of Year 5 students at Seymour College Junior School as part of their school work during 1988. The interviews were entered in ‘Voices of the Past: An Oral History Award for Schools’ which was organised for the first time in 1988 by the Oral History Association of Australia (South Australian Branch). The interviews concern old scholars’ recollections of Presbyterian Girls’ College (now Seymour College) during their school days. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 7 April 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 sound tape reels (ca. 81 min.)??Hyde speaks of her career as a composer, poet and songwriter ; the importance of music in her family environment ; her musical studies ; her method of work when committing music to paper ; her piano piece “Humoresque” ; publishing her three booklets of verse ; the meaning of music to her. Hyde reads her poems: “To the waves”, “Rain in Rome”. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 13 February 2018 Last modified 13 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

As a writer and editor, Peg Job contributed to a number of Australian newspapers and magazines. She published on subjects ranging from human rights to travel and literary criticism, and produced short stories, poetry and one novel, The Dying. From Latin America to Braidwood via Narrabundah and from writer and editor to marriage celebrant, in Peg Job’s life of variety her commitment to community has remained a constant. Graduating from the University of New South Wales in 1989 with a PhD in Latin American literature, Job was so struck by the kind welcome she received from her Narrabundah neighbours on her arrival in the suburb in 1990 she paid tribute to it in ‘In Praise of Narrabundah’, a short story in the 1992 collection Stories of the Inner South.[1] Working to earn enough money during this period – as a columnist for the Canberra Times, a freelance reviewer and an adult-education coordinator – Peg Job’s true needs were to read, think and write: ‘A good book – which in my case is most commonly a novel – is a way of grappling with the meaning in life, with the essence of being human. What could be a more important responsibility for a thoughtful citizen than pursuing these questions?’.[2] As a contributor to numerous Australian newspapers and magazines, she has published in a number of genres: literary criticism, human rights, travel writing, a novel The Dying, short stories, and has even tried her hand at poetry written in Spanish. Her love of literature and a move to Braidwood, 109 kilometres east of Canberra, was manifested in the opening of ‘Peg’s Books’ on Monkittee Street in 1997. While ‘Peg’s Books’ suffered an early demise due to the introduction of GST on books in 2000, Job’s involvement with books and writing has continued. As Editor with the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia (ASSA) Peg Job currently produces their journal Dialogue and various Academy publications. The Academy is an autonomous, non-governmental organisation devoted to the advancement of knowledge and research in the social sciences. Peg Job’s commitment to social and community betterment is demonstrated by her endorsement of the Wellbeing Manifesto that takes as its starting point the belief that governments in Australia should be devoted to improving our individual and social wellbeing. As an inhabitant of Braidwood, a township which has been classified by the National Trust in its entirety, Peg Job is well able to exercise her passion for creating inclusive and active communities. Activities such as belonging to the a capella group Madrigala, and acting as a qualified civil marriage celebrant enable her to embrace the communion of life and love in a rural township. This entry was prepared in 2006 by Roslyn Russell and Barbara Lemon, Museum Services, and funded by the ACT Heritage Unit. Peg Job passed away in 2017. Published resources Book The Dying, Job, Peg, 1986 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Archival resources Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Women's Redress Press - book files, 1976-1996, including correspondence, contracts, readers' reports, reviews and photographs Author Details Roslyn Russell Created 25 May 2006 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Acc05.066 instalment comprises photocopies of letters to Wilcher from Miriam Hyde, 1972-2004 (1 box). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 15 February 2018 Last modified 15 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A Greens senator and environmental activist, Kerry Nettle first attempted to enter politics in 1999 when she contested the New South Wales Legislative Assembly election for Miranda. In 2001 she was elected as Senator for New South Wales, taking her seat on 1 July 2002. She is an active member of a great many Senate committees and is a member of the Senate Select Committee on the Administration of Indigenous Affairs since 2004. Within the Greens party, Kerry Nettle has been a delegate to the State Council and the National Council from 1999 and was a delegate from Australia to the Greens Global Conference in 2001. Kerry Nettle has spent most of her adult life in the cause of improving the environment. She completed a B.Sc. (Hons) at the University of New South wales and was their Student Guild Environment officer in 1996. She became Co-ordinator of the Public Transport Conference 1997-98 and was the Greens office co-ordinator in 1998-9, when she ran for the seat of Miranda. In 1999-2000 she worked as a youth worker and co-ordinated the campaign Stop the Women’s Jail. Published resources Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 1 February 2006 Last modified 1 April 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

5 cassettes (ca. 450 min.)?? Walker, dance director, administrator and choreographer, speaks on her childhood in Bendigo and Eaglehawk; dance class with Edouard Borovansky; work producing, directing and choregraphing for New Theatre; Berlin Peace Arts Festival, 1951; visit to U.S.S.R.; Aboriginal dance; dance for children; her adopted children; teaching folkdance at the Roseville Dance Centre; touring schools with the Company Dance Concert; the administration of Dance Concert Ltd. And Walker’s sacking from the company; and subsequent involvement with the Margaret Walker Dance Centre and dance camps at Narrabeen, N.S.W. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 9 January 2018 Last modified 9 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

25 minutes??Dorothy Angove talks about her childhood in Semaphore and Perth, her parents, trip to Europe in 1905, BA degree from University of Adelaide, marriage, children and being left a widow, teaching at St Peters College and Girton, 1939 became President of the Lyceum Club, helping Jewish graduate refugees, teaching at the Adelaide Children’s Hospital, Dr Barnado’s Homes Author Details Anne Heywood Created 5 April 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Our Gladys Moncrieff/Music by Edith Harrhy. Words by Humby Author Details Alannah Croom Created 13 February 2018 Last modified 13 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Subject files; posters; diaries; day books; newspaper cuttings; minutes; newsletters; broadsheets; correspondence; surveys; public forum papers; political surveys; tapes. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 30 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 sound discs (CD-R), 12 digital audio tapes (ca. 742 min.). Interviews conducted by Peter Cochrane (Tapes 1-7); Katherine West (Tape 8); Frances Thiele (Tapes 9-14).??Ms Clarke, granddaughter of Alfred Deakin, speaks about Melbourne society in the early 1900s; her early memories of her grandfather Alfred Deakin (Australia’s 2nd Prime Minister); her travels to America in the 1920s with her family when her father Herbert Brookes was appointed Commissioner-General to the U.S.A.; her interests in music; her work as a social worker in Port Melbourne, Vic. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 4 November 2003 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Interview conducted in Broken Hill as part of the AWAP Broken Hill exhibition. To be lodged with the Outback Archives, Broken Hill City Library. Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 3 March 2009 Last modified 3 March 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 9153 comprises about 7,000 files relating to the exhibition and sale of artworks. Separate files exist for each artist or exhibition. They contain correspondence with the artist and with other galleries and clients, draft and published catalogues, invitations, guest lists, price lists, sale documents, loan agreements, insurance arrangements, newspaper clippings and reviews, photographic prints and slides of artwork (186 boxes, 1 fol. Box). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 March 2018 Last modified 6 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The St Peters Women’s Community Centre was officially opened in 1977 and provides a meeting place for women. The women’s services they provide included a term by term program of activities for women. There is also a volunteer program for women to learn new skills as a step to paid employment. Author Details Kathleen Bambridge Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 18 December 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Primarily flyers with some programmes of plays, musicals, pantomimes, opera and ballet held in venues such as Criterion Theatre, Her Majesty’s Theatre, Theatre Royal (Melbourne, Sydney), Palace Theatre. Also includes venues in Brisbane and New Zealand. Touring companies include J.C. Williamson’s Dramatic Co., Prince of Pilsen Co., New English Musical Comedy Co., Grand Opera Co., New Musical Comedy Co., Quinlan Grand Opera Co., Imperial Russian Ballet, Gilbert and Sullivan Repertoire Co., Gilbert and Sullivan Opera Co. The artists include Tittell Brune, H.B. Irving, Charles Waldron, Ola Humphrey, Margaret Anglin, Carrie Moore, Nellie Steward, Muriel Starr, Florence Young, Marie Tempest, Oscar Asche, John D. O’Hara, M.B. Figman, Fred Niblo, Adeline Genee, Julius Knight, Adams and Waters, Barry Lupino.??Includes programmes to the Melbourne (Sept. 1913) and Sydney (Oct.-Dec. 1913) seasons of the complete Ring of the Nibelung.?”Boomerang by Winchell Smith”: v.3, p. 83.?”Sign of the Cross by Wilson Barrett”: v., p. 15, 64 ; v.3, p. 92, 113 ; v.4, p. 223.?Includes six programmes of Dame Judith Anderson’s early career under the name Francee Anderson: v.3, p. 90-92, 97, 110, 113.?Gladys Moncrieff appears with the Royal Comic Opera Co.: v.4, p. 192, 207, 214, 232, 234, 235, 246, 255, 265, 274, 289, 299.?Amy Castles appears in opera: v.1 ; v.4, p. 236, 237, 242-245, 247, 249, 258-259, 261.?”Digger-Pierrots”: v.4, p. 262-263.?Includes flyers to the Melba Grand Opera Season, 1911: v.1, p. 126-132 Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 20 May 2004 Last modified 12 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Melbourne, Vic. 1942-08-03. Group portrait of a number of WAAAF officers who attended the first annual conference of WAAAF staff officers held at No. 1 Training Group HQ, Grimwale House, Merton Hall, South Yarra. The conference was opened by the Air Member for Personnel, Air Commodore F. W. Lukes (centre) and presided over by the Director WAAAF, Group Officer Clare Stevenson (standing, third from left). Seated on the left (in drab uniform) is Squadron Officer Gwen Stark who had travelled from Townsville for the conference. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 24 March 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1943-1, MEMBERS OF THE FIRST WRANS OFFICER TRAINING CORPS. FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, BACK ROW: CHIEF WELLS (INSTRUCTOR), MARION EGAN, JEAN THOMPSON, MARY BUTLER, MARGARET CURTIS-OTTER, SHEILA MACCLEMANS, BLAIR WILLIAMS-BOWDEN, JOAN FURLEY, NANCY SPIER, CHIEF HARDING, FRONT ROW, LEFT TO RIGHT: LORNA BRADFORD, BETTY BRADFORD, JOYCE MEDCALFE, JOAN COWIE, COMMANDER BALDWIN, COMMANDER PHELP, FRANCES PROVAN, EDNA GOULSTON, ALICE GOULD, THELMA FENTON. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 26 February 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diary recording Bonney’s participation in the search for a crashed Stinson aircraft in Queensland in 1937. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 27 February 2018 Last modified 27 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Philippa Poole is the grand daughter of Ethel Turner who complied The Diaries of Ethel Turner in 1979. Philippa Poole was the daughter of Betty Carr and Sir Adrian H F Curlewis. Married to Adrian she was the mother of two sons and two daughters. Published resources Book The Diaries of Ethel Turner, Poole, Philippa (compiled by), 1979 Of Love and War: The Letters and Diaries of Captain Adrian Curlewis and His Family 1939-1945, Poole, Philippa, 1982 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Philippa Poole, author, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 24 October 2001 Last modified 13 August 2024 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Margaret McIntyre was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (Civil) for services to education on 1 January 1948. She was the first woman Member of Parliament in Tasmania and was killed in an air crash three months after being elected to the Legislative Council seat of Cornwall as an independent. The daughter of Tannatt William Edgeworth and Caroline Martha David, Margaret McIntyre was educated by her mother and a governess. She attended the University of Sydney and in 1907 graduated with a Bachelor of Arts. She married William Keverall McIntyre in 1908 and moved to Tasmania. They had four children. Margaret McIntyre became involved with community work – especially helping women develop a sense of self-worth. She was state commissioner of the Girl Guides (1940-1948), and vice-president of the Young Women’s Christian Association (YWCA) and the Anzac Hostel Women’s League of Remembrance. McIntyre became the first northern president of the Women Graduates’ Association, served on the board of the Queen Victoria Hospital, the Community Association Council and the ABC advisory committee. Involved with the Launceston Progressive Education Group and the establishment of Brooks Community School, McIntyre established a youth drama group and was president and producer of the Launceston Players. Awarded an OBE on 1 January 1948 for services to education, in that year McIntyre also became the first woman in Tasmanian Parliament when she was elected to represent the people of the electorate of Cornwall in the Legislative Council. Three months after being elected she died in an air-crash whilst returning from a National Council of Women Conference. Published resources Resource Section McIntyre, Margaret Edgeworth (1886-1948), Ferrall, R.A., 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A150746b.htm Margaret Edgeworth McIntyre, http://www.dpac.tas.gov.au/divisions/csr/information_and_resources/significant_tasmanian_women/significant_tasmanian_women_-_research_listing/margaret_edgeworth_mcintyre Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Resource Guide to the Papers of the David Family, National Library of Australia, http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-340662829/findingaid Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Book No ordinary lives: pioneering women in Australian politics, Jenkins, Cathy, 2008 Archival resources National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Margaret McIntyre, politician, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of the David family, 1823-1992 [manuscript] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 18 October 2002 Last modified 13 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Contents: 1st 1940-2nd 1941; 4th 1943-13th 1952; 15th 1954; 17th 1956; 19th 1958; 21st 1960-47th 1986. Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 22 October 2003 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Army Nursing Service Reserve was established in 1899 and attached to the New South Wales Army Medical Corps. This was the first official female army nurses’ organisation in the Australian colonies. Nurse Nellie Gould was appointed lady superintendent of the Reserve. On the 17 January 1900 Nurse Gould left with thirteen nursing sisters to serve in the Boer War as part of the British Army. The nursing contingent returned to Australia in 1902. The Reserve was replaced by the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS), that was formed post Federation. New South Wales Army Medical Corps attached to Imperial Draft Contingent – Roll of individuals entitled to the South Africa Medal and Clasps: Gould, Ellen Julia – Lady Superintendent Johnstone, Julia Bligh – Superintendent Austin, Anne – Sister Frater, Penelope – Sister Garden, Anna Gardiner – Sister Hoadley, Emily – Sister Lister, Elizabeth Ward – Sister Martin, Marion Philippe – Sister Matchett, Annie L – Sister Newton, Nancy – Sister Nixon, Elizabeth – Sister Pocock, Mary Annie – Sister Steel, Mabel – Sister Woodward, Theresa E – Sister Published resources Book Guns and brooches : Australian Army Nursing from the Boer War to the Gulf War, Bassett, Jan, 1992 Australian women at war, Adam-Smith, Patsy, 1984 Just wanted to be there : Australian Service Nurses 1899-1999, Reid, Richard, 1999 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Archives of Australia, Various Locations Nominal rolls and lists of medals and clasps for New South Wales Military Forces who served in Boer War Australian War Memorial, Research Centre Informal portrait of three nurses who accompanied the Second Contingent to the Boer War as members of the NSW Army Medical Corps. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 2 December 2002 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Interview conducted in Broken Hill as part of the AWAP Broken Hill exhibition. To be lodged with the Outback Archives, Broken Hill City Library. Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 3 March 2009 Last modified 3 March 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Nancye Perry’s records cover all aspects of her life, from her education and scientific career, to her later life as an artist and her interest in dog training. The collection includes a large quantity of correspondence with family members, friends and colleagues in England and her husband. Nancy also conducted detailed research on her family lineage, and there are extensive records about the Leahy and Kent family lines in particular, including photos and copies of shipping records. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 28 December 2017 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A member of the Australian Labor Party, Sherryl Garbutt was elected to the seat of Greensborough in 1989 at a by-election following the death of Pauline Toner; the seat of Greensborough was abolished in the 1990 redistribution. She was the Member (ALP) of Parliament for the Bundoora electorate from 1992-2006 and held the portfolios of Environment and Conservation and Women’s Affairs from 1999-2002 and Community Services from 2002-06. She did not contest the 2006 election. Sherryl Garbutt completed her BA and DipEd at the University of Melbourne and her B.Ed. at La Trobe University. She worked as a secondary school teacher (1970 -1976) before she went to work as an Electorate Officer to the Hon. Pauline Toner, Member for Greensborough, in 1982. She was elected to the seat of Greensborough in 1989 at a by-election following the death of Pauline Toner. After winning the Greensborough by-election, Garbutt became a member of the Education Caucus Committee and the Conservation and Environment Caucus Committee from 1989-92. She was also a member of the Natural Resources & Environment Parliamentary Committee (1991-1992) and the Community Development Committee (1992-1996). In 1992 Garbutt became the Shadow Minister for Community Services and a year later the Shadow Minister for Women’s Affairs. She held both these positions until 1996 when she was made Shadow Minister for Environment, Conservation & Land Management and Shadow Minister for Water Resources from 1996-1999. The mother of two adult children, her interests include bushwalking, camping and travel. Events 2016 - 2016 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women Published resources Resource Minister for Women's Affairs, http://www.women.vic.gov.au/owa/owasite.nsf/pages/minister Sherryl Garbutt, MP Member for Bundoora, http://home.vicnet.au/~archa/garbutt/profile.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 2002, Herd, Margaret, 2002 Site Exhibition Carrying on the Fight: Women Candidates in Victorian Parliamentary Elections, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cws/home.html Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 October 2001 Last modified 15 July 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassette (ca. 60 min.)??Price, a farmer and rural journalist, speaks of her farming background, career in rural journalism, running her own rural publicity business, impact of having children, local networks, being accepted in a male-dominated industry, the children’s educational prospects, virtues of family farms versus farms managed for a wage, and her currently limited social life. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The bulk of the MS 7365 collection comprises papers relating to Sara Dowse’s work as a writer, including research material, correspondence, newspaper cuttings and drafts of her novels, reviews and short stories. There are papers relating to her work as head of the Office of Women’s Affairs, papers relating to grant applications, and personal correspondence with family and friends. There are extensive files on West Block, Canberra tales, Schemetime and Silver city, and also on the National Women’s Advisory Council, Australian Labor Party, and Australian National Word Festival (150 boxes).??The Acc08.112 instalment comprises draft chapters of the unpublished manuscript “Bessarabia” based on a visit to Russia and Moldova in 1993; three poems, two unpublished, “The lady in the spoon” published in The Canberra times?; drafts and photocopies of articles by Dowse; and, articles about Dowse (1 box).??The Acc08.120 instalment comprises drafts and research material for articles, essays, stories, speeches and an unpublished novel. There are also papers associated with Dowse’s chairmanship of the judging panel for the NSW Premier’s Literary Awards 2006, and correspondence (2 boxes).??The Acc08.149 instalment comprises 19 boxes of 3.5 inch floppy disks, including, in various forms email correspondence; early drafts of Schemetime, Sapphires, Digging, and Reading the Peninsula; current and “backburner” projects – Liza book/s, Hollywood essays, “Path to Fortune” thriller, Van der Velde novel; essays, stories, APA project, lectures, poetry, book reviews; transcripts of Russian, Israeli and US interviews; visual images. Two audio cassettes: one containing a recording of an interview of Dowse by Margaret Throsby, the other a recording of a talk given by dissident Chinese Dai Qing to Canberra PEN (1 box).??The Acc09.180 instalment comprises papers reflecting Dowse’s career as a writer. They comprise diaries, correspondence, notes, research notes, newspaper cuttings, photographs and drafts of her writing, including fiction, biography, articles and early and unpublished stories. There are papers relating to a National Library of Australia Harold White Fellowship, grant and job applications, conferences and public appearances, and personal correspondence with family and friends. Literary papers include extensive files relating to a biography of Lisa Fitch; drafts of Hollywood, Sass, Border crossing, Sapphires and Fleeting; and, scripts of West Block. Some of these titles are accompanied by written comments from members of the Seven Writers’ group (also known as “The Canberra Seven”) and Penny Pollitt (14 boxes). Author Details Elle Morrell Created 9 October 2000 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Commonwealth Games medallist and Olympian Jenny Donnet comes from a family of champion divers. Her mother, Barbara Donnet (née McAulay), is a former Commonwealth Games gold medallist, and both parents worked as Olympic diving coaches. Her sister, Barbi Donnet, is a diving coach and a World Masters triple Gold medallist and Australian champion. Today the family run the Donnet Diving Club in Queensland. Jenny Donnet is the only Australian diver to have competed in four Olympic Games. Her Olympic debut was in 1980 at the Moscow Olympic Games. She went on to represent Australia in the 1984 Los Angeles Games, the 1988 Seoul Olympic Games and the 1992 Barcelona Games. She was the flag bearer for Australia at the Opening Ceremony in Barcelona, only the third Australian woman to have had the honour. In 1982, Donnet won gold in the 3m springboard diving event at the Commonwealth Games. She won silver in 1986, and gold in 1990. Several decades earlier, in 1954, Donnet’s mother Barbara won a silver medal in the same event and a gold for the 10m platform dive. Today Jenny is a diving coach and is president of the Australian Masters Association. She has coached 2 World Masters medallists; 9 national championship medallists; 41 national level divers; and 20 Victorian championship medallists. Events 1982 - 1982 Diving – Springboard 1990 - 1990 Diving – 3m Springboard Published resources Book The Making of Champions, Bryceson, S., 1992 Site Exhibition She's Game: Women Making Australian Sporting History, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2007, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/sg/sport-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 17 January 2007 Last modified 27 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dorothy Roche became Australia’s oldest gold medal winner when she competed in the women’s fours at the Auckland Commonwealth Games at the age of 61 years and 10 months. Dorothy Roche took up competitive lawn bowls in 1975 when she was nearly fifty years of age. In 1979, she won the Champion of Champions (singles) competition and the Alpha Romeo Sport-Star of the Year. In 1984 she played a round-robin match with Merle Richardson against the leading male players, beating world champion David Bryant. Throughout her career, Roche won a State-level game every year. In 1988 she was captain of the gold medal-winning team at the Melbourne World Championships. Two years later she competed in the women’s fours in Bowls at the 1990 Auckland Commonwealth Games and won gold, becoming Australia’s oldest gold medal winner. That year, Roche was granted the ‘Freedom of the City of Paramatta’ and was awarded the OAM for services to lawn bowls. Events 1990 - 1990 Lawn Bowls – Fours Published resources Site Exhibition She's Game: Women Making Australian Sporting History, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2007, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/sg/sport-home.html Edited Book The Oxford Companion to Australian Sport, Vamplew, Vray; Moore, Katharine; O'Hara, John; Cashman, Richard; Jobling, Ian, 1997 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 31 January 2007 Last modified 5 August 2024 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Kate Howarde, born Catherine Clarissa Jones in England and migrating to New Zealand as a child, was the first woman to direct a feature film in Australia. She married the musician William Henry de Saxe in April 1884 and their only child, Florence Adrienne, was born not long after on 5 December 1884. William Henry de Saxe left soon after Florence was born and died c.1899. Catherine de Saxe adopted the stage name Kate Howarde in the 1890s. By the late 1890s, her theatre production company, the Kate Howarde Company was based in Australia and was reported to be extensively touring through New Zealand and all Australian States. In addition to managing the tours, Howarde controlled all finances, wrote and directed many of the performances, songs and pantomimes and performed herself. Her biggest success was the comedy Possum Paddock (1919). Written, produced and presented by Howarde, the play told the story of the financial and romantic problems of a bush family. The success of the play convinced Howarde to turn the play into a film which she starred in, produced, co-scripted and co-directed with Charles Villiers. This made her the first woman in Australia to direct a feature film. Australian censors removed a scene from the film in which an unmarried mother imagines drowning her baby. The film was released in Sydney on 29 January 1921 and was well received throughout Australia and New Zealand. The Kate Howarde Company included Kate’s two younger brothers and one of her two sisters. Her brother Billie Howarde and brother-in-law Harry Craig ran the company when she travelled overseas. Howarde travelled to San Francisco in 1906 and made a living writing theatre reviews for newspapers. She then travelled to London, where, it is reported, she married her second husband, vaudevillian Elton Black. Between 1914 and 1917, the Kate Howarde Company presented successful weekly shows at the National Theatre, Balmain, Sydney. These shows included her own productions The White Slave Traffic (1914) and Why Girls Leave Home (1914). Howarde’s biggest success was the comedy Possum Paddock (1919). Written, produced and presented by Howarde, the play told the story of the financial and romantic problems of a bush family. The success of the play convinced Howarde to turn the play into a film which she starred in, produced, co-scripted and co-directed with Charles Villiers. This made her the first woman in Australia to direct a feature film. Australian censors removed a scene from the film in which an unmarried mother imagines drowning her baby. The film was released in Sydney on 29 January 1921 and was well received throughout Australia and New Zealand. The success of Possum Paddock financed a ten month tour for the entire company throughout South Africa, the United States and Great Britain. Upon the company’s return to Australia, Howarde made no further films, however continued to tour with her theatrical company and continued to write her own plays. These plays include the comedy Gum Tree Gully (1924), and the dramatic works The Limit (1921), The Bush Outlaw (1923), Find Me A Wife (1923), Common Humanity (1927) and The Judgment of Jean Calvert (1935). Howarde died 18 February 1939 from cerebral thrombosis. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Article Celebrating Kate Howarde, Bertrand, Ina, 2002, http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2002/22/howarde/ Resource Section Howarde, Catherine Clarissa (Kate) (1864-1939), Bertrand, Ina, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/AS10235b.htm Archival resources National Film and Sound Archive Possum Paddock : Original Release [Howarde, Kate : Documentation] : [Howarde, Kate : Set of 22 Negatives] [Howarde, Kate : Two frames showing two people talking to a couple in a car : Film fragment] Author Details Hollie Aerts Created 20 December 2010 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Interview with Iris Clayton about the Police Reserve settlement at Darlington Point ca. 1950 Author Details Anne Heywood Created 28 May 2004 Last modified 6 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Alannah Croom Created 16 April 2019 Last modified 13 June 2019 Digital resources Title: Girls prefer soccer Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A.B. Higgins to A. Henry, 23 April 1908 Author Details Alannah Croom Created 11 September 2015 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 audiocassettes (approximately 155 min.)??Broadcast on ABC’s Sunday Night Radio Two on 26 June 1977.??Interviews:?- Mary Edgeworth-David, daughter of the famous scientist and Antarctic explorer?- Edna Ryan, long time feminist, union activist and author?- Arthur Ellis, plumber?- Shirley Smith (MumShirl), welfare worker for Sydney’s Aboriginal community?- Herbie Marks, piano accordion player. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 29 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Edna Walling is best known for her contribution to Australian landscape architecture design. She was also a talented amateur photographer, and used the many photographs of gardens she took to illustrate the books and articles she wrote. Walling also created portrait photography. Edna Walling was born on 4 December 1896 in Yorkshire, England, and was the second daughter of William and Margaret Walling. Her father was a businessman, who had been keen on having a son; when Edna was born he was disappointed on having another daughter. He treated her as he would a son, involving her in exploring the countryside around Devonshire and woodworking. In 1911, when Walling was 14 years old, the family moved to New Zealand. Shortly after this relocation her father travelled to Australia on his own, and in 1914 the whole family joined him there. From 1916-1917 Walling trained at Burnley Horticultural College; following this she gained employment as a gardener, and eventually commenced a career as a landscape designer. She designed gardens for some of Melbourne’s wealthiest families, such as those owned by Dame Nellie Melba, Dame Elisabeth Murdoch, Mrs Harold Darling, Sir Clive and Lady Steele and Sir William and Lady Irvine, many of whom had large country properties in the Western District of Victoria and the Riverina in New South Wales. Her landscape designs followed the English tradition and were influenced by the work of Gertrude Jekyll and William Robinson. Walling photographed these gardens as a means of documenting her work, and she used these photographs in her illustrated books on gardens, and to complement the many articles she wrote. She also worked as a journalist, writing for a number of magazines, including Australian Home Beautiful, as well as for many newspapers on gardening and landscape design. She produced numerous illustrated books – Gardens in Australia (1943), Cottage and Garden in Australia (1947), A Gardener’s Log (1948) and The Australian Roadside (1952). These titles featured her drawings, garden plans and photographs. She also designed and built her own house at Mooroolbark, east of Melbourne, which she called Sonning. The house was burned down during the 1936 fires, but she rebuilt it and purchased more land to create the Bickleigh Vale village on 18 acres. In 1948 she purchased a property near Lorne on the Great Ocean Road, on which she built a cottage. Walling wrote about this property in The Happiest Days of My Life. During her lifetime Walling designed a number of villages but unfortunately few were built. In 1967 she moved to Queensland, settling in Bendles, at Buderim, where she designed an Italian inspired village (but was not able to build it due to her advancing age). Walling died on 8 August 1973 in Queensland. Technical Edna Walling used a Rolleiflex camera with a twin lens and worked in black and white. Collections Edna Walling Collection, State Library of Victoria Private Collections Content added for original entry in the Register, last modified 4 May 2009 The Walling family lived in the village of Bickleigh, Devon, before migrating to New Zealand, and then to Australia in 1914. In Bickleigh, Edna Walling’s father William had trained his daughter in woodwork and honed her skills in perspective and scale. Father and daughter also enjoyed walking together through the English countryside. Walling’s future garden designs were to reflect elements of this countryside, and of the various English gardens they visited. After completing a course in horticulture at Burnley College in 1917, Walling commenced work as a jobbing gardener. In 1921 she purchased three acres of land at Mooroolbark and built her first home from local and second hand materials. This home was named Sonning after Gertrude Jekyll’s Deanery Garden of the same name, which she had visited in England. In 1922 Walling purchased a further 18 acres of land adjacent to Sonning. The houses she built became the village of Bickleigh Vale. Between the 1920s and 1960s Walling’s commissions included designing the lily pond for Coombe Cottage, Dame Nellie Melba’s residence in Coldstream, Vic.; Durrol for Mrs Stanley Allen, Mount Macedon, Vic.; and the Cruden Farm garden for Mrs Keith Murdoch (now Dame Elisabeth), Langwarrin, Vic. She also undertook commissions in Hobart, Tasmania, and designed villages at Port Pirie, South Australia (never completed) and Mount Kembla, New South Wales, for Broken Hill Associated Smelters Pty Ltd. During this period Walling wrote four books: Gardens in Australia (1943), Cottage and Garden in Australia (1947), A Gardener’s Log (1948) and The Australian Roadside (1952). She wrote articles for The Australian Women’s Mirror, The Australian Home Builder and The Australian Home Beautiful. In a letter held by the State Library of Victoria’s Edna Walling Collection (La Trobe Australian Manuscripts), Walling declines an invitation to join the Australian Society of Authors by saying: ‘Actually, you know, I am not a writer. I merely made a record of the work I had done, which the Oxford University Press published. I also wrote The Australian Roadside as my contribution to conservation work of this country… The books were only achieved through the great help of my teacher friend, Miss Lorna Fielden, without whose assistance I doubt if they would ever have seen the light of day. And so, much as I appreciate the honour you have bestowed on me I don’t really think I have any right to be counted amongst the illustrious names appearing in your Society’ Walling’s ABC Radio talks include On Making a Garden (1941), Improving the Farm and Curing Erosion and The Farmers’ Friends (1951). In 1967, Walling moved to a cottage – ‘Bendles’ – at Buderim, Queensland. She died there in 1973. Events 1995 - 1995 Edna Walling’s work featured in Beyond the Picket Fence: Australian Women’s Art in the National Library Collections 1995 - 1995 Edna Walling’s work featured in The Living Sculptures of Edna Walling Published resources Book Gardens in Australia: their design and care, Walling, Edna, 1943 Cottage and garden in Australia, Walling, Edna, 1947 The Australian roadside, Walling, Edna, 1952 Country roads : the Australian roadside, Walling, Edna, 1985 Edna Walling's year, 1990 Letters to garden lovers, Walling, Edna, 2000 On the trail of Australian wildflowers, Walling, Edna, c1984 The vision of Edna Walling : garden plans 1920-1951, Dixon, Trisha and Churchill, Jennie, 1998 Gardens in Time : In the Footsteps of Edna Walling, Dixon, Trisha and Churchill, Jennie, 1988 Australian Women Photographers 1840 - 1960, Hall, Barbara and Mather, Jenni, 1986 The Happiest Days of My Life, Walling, Edna, 2008 Edited Book The Edna Walling book of Australian garden design, Barrett, Margaret, 1980 The garden magic of Edna Walling, Barrett, Margaret, 1988 A gardener's log, Barrett, Margaret, 1985 Heritage : the national women's art book, 500 works by 500 Australian women artists from colonial times to 1955, Kerr, Joan, 1995 Resource The Edna Walling Website, Australian Broadcasting Commission, Cinemedia, State Library of Victoria, 2001, http://www.abc.net.au/walling Edna Walling, Landscape Designer, Gardening Australia, 2000, http://www.abc.net.au/gardening/stories/s147137.htm Beyond the Picket Fence: Australian Women's Art in the National Library's Collection, Carr, Sylvia and National Library of Australia, 1995, http://pandora.nla.gov.au/pan/36337/20030703-0000/www.nla.gov.au/exhibitions/fence/picket.html The Markdale Experience, http://www.markdale.com Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Resource Section Edna Walling, 1995, https://www.daao.org.au/bio/edna-walling/ Walling, Edna Margaret (1895-1973), Watts, Peter, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A160566b.htm Book Section Edna Walling, Kerr, Joan, 1995 Play Edna for the garden, Spunner, Suzanne, 1989 Newspaper Article Mooroolbark village given heritage protection, Boulton, Martin, 2004 Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Archival resources State Library of Victoria Exchange of correspondence and accounts, 1937 Feb. 5-Aug. 14. [manuscript]. Papers, 1962-1970. [manuscript]. Papers, 1937-1964 [manuscript]. Papers of Jean Galbraith, 1900-1990. [manuscript]. [Edna Walling: Australian Art and Artists file] Papers, ca. 1940-ca. 1970. [manuscript]. The University of Melbourne Archives Cuming Smith & Company Limited University of Melbourne. Photograph Collection National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Edna Walling, architect, and horticulturalist, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] National Library of Australia, Ephemera Collection [Walling, Edna: photography related ephemera material collected by the National Library of Australia] Author Details Anne Maxwell (with Morfia Grondas and Lucy Van) Created 19 September 2001 Last modified 17 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Country Women’s Association of Australia was founded on 7 June 1945. Delegates from the six State Country Women’s Associations, voted to form the national body. The purpose of the newly-formed body was to: “enable Country Women’s Associations throughout Australia to speak with one voice on all national matters, more especially concerning the welfare of country women and children”. The first state branch of the organisation had been formed in New South Wales in 1922. All other mainland states followed suit by 1928 with the Tasmanian branch being founded in 1936. It is a non-sectarian, non-party-political, non-profit lobby group working in the interests of women and children in rural areas. Given its national scope, large membership and longevity, it was arguably the most influential Australian women’s organisation of the twentieth century. As of 2004, the Association comprises44,000 members and 1855 branches. It is the largest women’s organization in Australia. A national federation of the existing Australian state-based Country Women’s Associations was first proposed in 1928. Discussion continued the following year with the formation of the first international rural women’s organisation-the Associated Country Women of the World. But the state organisations were wary of losing their independence and identity to a national body. These fears and problems were resolved during several wartime meetings and the Country Women’s Association of Australia was officially founded in 1945. It was agreed that the federal body would consult with all state organisations on issues of policy and that the presidency, and annual national conference, would rotate between the states. The foundation president was Mrs Helen Marfell, then the Victorian state president. In each state, numerous local branches formed in rural areas, and metropolitan branches were also formed. There were considerable differences between the various state branches in terms of their activities and priorities. The National body, however, allowed concerted action on issues on which there was general consensus. The CWA is a generally conservative organisation with an almost exclusively white membership. Historically, it was, however, also a progressive force in many ways. Particularly in its encouragement of country women to take an active part in public affairs. It has also been outspoken on environmental issues. As early as 1936, for example, the NSW branch passed a resolution in favour of equal pay for women. Although advocating a greater public role for country women, the organisation also in many ways defended traditional gender roles. Early issues which attracted the attention of the national body in the 1940s included: the provision of basic utilities in rural areas; provision of home nursing; married women’s right to retain their own nationality; the introduction of domestic science into the university curriculum. More recent concerns have been rural poverty and unemployment, and strengthening rural families. As of 2004, its aims are ‘to improve the conditions for country women and children and try to make life better for women and their families, especially those women in rural and remote Australia.’ Its functions are: 1. To enable the Member Associations to speak with one voice on national and international matters through the National President. 2. To represent the concerns of Member Associations to the federal Government, Non-Government Organisations (NGO’S) and other national bodies. 3. To do such lawful things as are incidental or conducive to the above aims or any one of them, as considered necessary or desirable by the required majority of Member Associations. And its aims and objectives are: TO RAISE the standard of living of rural women and families through education, training and community development programmes. TO PROVIDE practical support to its members and help them set up income generating schemes. TO GIVE rural women a voice at international level through its links with UN agencies. Given its national scope, large membership and longevity, it was arguably the most influential Australian women’s organisation of the twentieth century. The organisation flourished in the years after WWII when many other urban women’s groups went into decline. It is only in recent years that its position has become somewhat less secure-with the emergence of other rural women’s organisations. Nevertheless, as of 2004, the Associated Country Women of the World (with which the Country Women’s Association of Australia is affiliated) is the largest international organisation for rural women in the world with around nine million members across 70 countries. Published resources Edited Book Directory of Australian Associations, Heywood, Anne, 1998 Book The Many Hats of Country Women: The Jubilee History of the Country Women's Association of Australia, Stevens-Chambers, Brenda, 1997 Getting things done : the Country Women's Association of Australia, Country Women's Association of Australia, 1986 She's no milkmaid : a biography of Dame Raigh Roe, D.B.E., Erickson, Rica, Haywood, Rona and Oldham, Jan (sketches by), [1991?] Finding Aid Guide to the Records of the Country Women's Association of Australia, National Library of Australia. Manuscript Section, http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-245100431/findingaid Report Life has Never Been Easy: report of the survey of women in rural Australia / Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, Office of the Status of Women and the Country Women's Association of Australia, 1988 Book Section A view of the Australian consumer movement from the middle of the Web, Brown, Robin and Panetta, Jane, 2000 Journal Article Second wave feminism in rural Australia. -The main elements and characteristics of the rural women's movement of the 1990s-, McGowan, Cathy, 1997 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Dame Raigh Roe interviewed by Gail O'Hanlon in the Australians of the year oral history project [sound recording] National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the Country Women's Association of Australia, 1945-1969, 2003 [manuscript] State Library of Victoria The Country Women's Association [sound recording] : Australia's largest women's organisation / researched and presented by Ros Bowden Author Details Jane Carey and Anne Heywood Created 25 October 2002 Last modified 27 April 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassettes (ca. 60 min.)??Paterson, a farmer and 1994 Tasmanian ABC Rural Woman of the Year, speaks of her historical farming background, the family’s links to Pearn’s Steam World, type of crops and livestock on the current farm, her considerable involvement with the local (and growing) AGFEST, importance of rural Australia, bridging the city/country gap with education, difficulties facing Australian farmers (low margins, high costs and taxes), hopes for her daughters, changes in the rural sector, the contribution to be made by women, and the opportunities presented by the Rural Women of the Year Award. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Comprises illustrated autobiographical notes of Mary Grant Bruce and Ernestine Hill Author Details Anne Heywood Created 13 October 2003 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Anne Heywood Created 3 April 2002 Last modified 16 September 2013 Digital resources Title: Nancy Wake Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 10127 comprises diaries, papers, silver tray and poster relating to Maude Bonney’s life and aviation career, including her pioneering Australia-England flight, and involvement in the search for the missing Stinson aircraft (7 boxes, 2 fol. Boxes, 1 fol. Item).??The Acc13.070 instalment comprises photographs of Maude Bonney and an interview on tape made by the Powerhouse Museum, of Maude Bonney at 90 years of age talking about her flying experiences before World War II (1 packet). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 27 February 2018 Last modified 27 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Tipping speaks of her family background ; her childhood interests ; her diaries ; her interest in theatre ; university studies and involvement with the Fine Art Society ; her marriage and work during the war years ; getting back into civilian life ; her husband’s work as a journalist ; going to the U.S. ; about her mentally handicapped child ; the studies undertaken in the U.S. ; working on a book about convicts ; her interests in Australian history. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 20 February 2002 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In March 2000, the National Foundation for Australian Women (NFAW) established the Australian Women’s Archives Project (AWAP) in order to support the preservation of Australian women’s archival resources. The project is a joint venture with the University of Melbourne, with staff in the School of Historical Studies providing assistance in the area of historical research, and the eScholarship Research centre providing technical innovation and support. AWAP is now an authoritative resource for information on women and their roles in Australia’s history. The activities of the AWAP include: Conducting original research and compiling information about women’s history Making that information available on the web through the Australian Women’s Register. Celebrating groups of women including sportswomen, migrants, scientists and parliamentarians in the AWAP Showcase. Encouraging Australian women and women’s organisations to discover and preserve their stories by depositing their records in archives and libraries for the use of further generations. Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the Australian Women's Archives Project, 2001-2012 [manuscript] Author Details Alannah Croom Created 9 January 2018 Last modified 13 June 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Army swimming championships for Allied Forces stationed at Port Moresby. Identified personnel: Rasmussen of Richmond Victoria, Hyde of Enfield, NSW, Major Joan Christie of Dubbo. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 1 April 2003 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lily Agnes Smith completed a science course at the University of Queensland in 1919. Her scores qualified her for medicine at the University of Sydney. Instead, she moved to Melbourne so she could simultaneously study medicine at the University of Melbourne, and art at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School. Months shy of completing her medical degree, she married fellow art student Justus Jörgensen, and the pair immediately moved to France to live the bohemian life of artists. She became ill while travelling and was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. The pair moved again, this time to London, so Jörgensen could complete her medical studies. She enrolled at the London School of Medicine for Women in 1926. Jörgensen was to be the bread-winner, allowing Justus to concentrate on his art. In 1928 they returned to Australia. Jörgensen secured an anaesthetist’s position at Melbourne’s St Vincent’s Hospital in 1929, becoming the hospital’s first woman anaesthetist. A severe relapse of multiple sclerosis saw her resign in 1933. She moved into private practice, closer to home, with a focus on contraception and psychoanalysis. In supporting her husband’s art practice, Dr Lily Jörgensen also supported the building and development of Australia’s oldest artists’ colony, Montsalvat. Author Details Monica Cronin with Alannah Croom Created 3 March 2019 Last modified 6 July 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Minute Book, 8 September 1987-6 March 1990 .. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassette (ca. 38 min.)??Kearney, a , dairy farmer, is a regional winner of the 1994 Rural Woman Award and speaks of her background, joining a religious order in 1961, starting the dairy farm in a very difficult period caught between the drought of the 1980s, the high interest rates and the fall of the price of milk, getting unemployment benefits, looking after the crops, sharing the dairy farming duties, involvement of her husband in the United Dairyfarmers of Victoria (UDV), keeping up with ongoing education, financial difficulties and its consequences and the rapid growth of the rural counselling network. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Professor Patricia Easteal AM PhD is an academic, author and advocate, best known for her research, publications and teaching in the area of women and the law. Her primary research areas are: rape law, domestic violence, sexual harassment, bullying in the workplace, cyber bullying and access to justice for women. She was the Australian Capital Territory’s Australian of the Year for 2010. Professor Easteal was inscribed on the ACT Women’s Honour Roll in 2001 and 2010. Professor Easteal was born and educated first in Canada and then the United States earning her PhD from the University of Pittsburgh and coming to Australia in 1987. From 1990 to 1995 she was a Senior Criminologist with the Australian Institute of Criminology and from 1995 to 2001 a Visiting Scholar at the Australian National University. She then joined the Law School at the University of Canberra becoming a Professor in 2009 and Emeritius Professor in 2018. Professor Easteal has published 24 books and reports and over 180 journal articles and book chapters. Her authored and edited books include Rape Law in Context: Contesting the Scales of Injustice (2018), A Multidisciplinary Approach to Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Sexual Violence: Prevention, Recognition and Intervention (2017), Domestic and Sexual Violence Against Women – Law Reform and Society: Shades of Grey (2014), Intimate Partner Sexual Violence: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Survivor Support and System Change (2014), Women and the Law in Australia (2010), Real Rape, Real Pain: Help for Women Sexually Assaulted by Male Partners (2006), Less Than Equal: Women and the Australian Legal System (2001), Balancing the Scales: Rape, Law Reform and Australian Culture (1998), Shattered Dreams, Marital Violence Against Women: The Overseas-born in Australia (1996), Voices of the Survivors (1994) and Killing the Beloved: Homicide between Adult Sexual Intimates (1993). In 2010 she was made a Member of the Order of Australia ‘for service to the community, education and the law through promoting awareness and understanding of violence against women, discrimination and access to justice for minority groups’ and she was ACT Australian of the Year in 2010. Other recognition for Professor Easteal’s work includes the Australian Learning and Teaching Council Award for Teaching Excellence in 2008, the Carrick Institute Citation for Outstanding Contributions to Student Learning in 2007, Finalist in the Community Award (Individual) Australian Human Rights Commission 2012, the ACT Women’s Honour Roll 2012 and an ACT Women’s Award 2001. She runs Legal Light Bulbs, a consultancy business, which illuminates social injustice and opportunities for change. It specialises in violence against women, workplace abuse and access to justice and provides research, training and expert court reports. Published resources Australian of the Year Awards website, https://australianoftheyear.org.au/recipients/professor-patricia-easteal Book review cuttings on the works of Patricia Easteal 1993-98, National Library of Australia Author Details Sue Tongue Created 25 April 2023 Last modified Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Family papers 1869-1913; correspondence; invitations; cards; photographs; newspaper clippings; map of Paris and environs; publications on sketching and art i.e. “The Studio” 1899, “Art Journal” 1876, “The Studio” 1918; miscellaneous artist material including sketchbooks, Austral Handwork packets, “How to Draw Animated Cartoons”. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Art Bulletin of Victoria, No. 28. National Gallery of Victoria 1987, pp. 135, accompanied by covering letter form Sonia Dean, Editor and Principal Curator, to F.S., 31 May 1988. The issue was published in Dr. Hoff’s honour, and contains, inter alia, a bibliography of her publications. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 30 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Josephine Zammit emigrated to Australia from Malta with her husband Charles in 1952. In the late 1960s the couple became Australian representatives of the Malta Emigrants’ Commission and Josephine became involved in radio broadcasting as part of her welfare work with migrants. She was a pioneer of ethnic station 2EA in Sydney and continued her active involvement with ethnic radio broadcasting until the mid-1980s. In 1978 she was awarded an MBE in the ‘ethnic community’ category, the first Maltese woman in Australia to be honoured in that way. Josephine Darmenia was born into a middle class family of six children in St Julian’s, Malta, on 6 August 1925. Axis bombing of Malta’s south-east coastal cities led to the children’s evacuation inland. After the War, she became a school teacher and in 1947 married Charles Zammit, of Hamrun, who ran a building company. Josephine Zammit (nee Darmenia), MBE, emigrated to Australia from Malta with her husband Charles in 1952. In the late 1960s they became Australian representatives of the Malta Emigrants’ Commission and Josephine became involved in radio broadcasting as part of her welfare work with migrants. In the 1960s, she was involved with the Malta Single Young Women’s Scheme which assisted young women travelling alone in their settlement in Sydney and Melbourne. Her Maltese broadcasts in Sydney began in 1971 with station 2CH, run by the NSW Council of Churches. During the Whitlam government years, with ethnic radio now supported by government, she was a pioneer of ethnic station 2EA and continued her active involvement with such broadcasting until the mid-1980s. A woman of immense energy and perseverance, in the early 1970s, she established the Maltese-Australian Women’s Association and later the Maltese-Australian Social and Welfare Association. She was a foundation member of the NSW Ethnic Communities Council and the NSW Ethnic Consultative Council which later became the NSW Ethnic Affairs Commission. In 1978 she was awarded an MBE in the ‘ethnic community’ category, the first Maltese woman in Australia to be honoured in that way. While personally socially conservative and a devout Catholic, Josephine was typical of the new Maltese women after the War who did not want to be tied to the home. Her faith and her mother’s example of kindness and joviality led her to devote herself in Sydney to the service of newcomers in need. She died in Sydney on 14 May 1988. Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Josephine Zammit, 1964-1985 [manuscript] National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Josephine Zammit, Maltese community worker, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Barry York Created 16 January 2018 Last modified 31 August 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dorothy Dickson left Australia in 1949 and made a career in the British film industry under her stage name, Dorothy Alison. She won two BAFTA awards (1952 and 1956) and one Logie award for her role in the film version of A Town Like Alice (1981). Dorothy was the daughter of William Edward Dickson and Alice Cogan. William had migrated to Australia from Lancashire, United Kingdom, at the age of 20. He found work at the South Mine in Broken Hill, but left the mine during the 1919 strike. William and Alice were married in 1922 and William worked for a time at the Barrier Daily Truth before moving to Sydney as Advertising Manager for the Daily News. He was elected to the Legislative Council in 1939. Dorothy was the elder sister of Beth, Wendy and Marion – two other siblings died in infancy. As a child she took dancing lessons in Broken Hill and took part in theatrical productions. Once in Sydney, she trained with Doris Fitton of the Independent Theatre. Finding employment in commercial radio, she changed her name to Dorothy Alison. After working for film producers Charles and Elsa Chauvel, she appeared in two Australian films, Sons of Matthew and Eureka Stockade. In 1949 she left Australia for London, but found little work until 1952 when she played Miss Stockton in Mandy, earning herself a BAFTA award for Most Promising Newcomer. She won a second BAFTA – for Best British Actress – four years later for her role as Nurse Brace in Reach for the Sky. Subsequently, Dorothy’s career encompassed film, television and stage productions. She returned to Australia in 1986 and toured with Lauren Bacall in Sweet Bird of Youth. The link with Australia continued, and Dorothy won the 1982 Logie Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Single Drama or Mini Series for her role as Mrs Frith in A Town Like Alice. In 1988 she starred opposite Meryl Streep as Lindy Chamberlain’s mother in Evil Angels (or, A Cry in the Dark). Dorothy Alison’s full filmography can be found on the Internet Movie Database at http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0019704/. Published resources Book Some Outstanding Women of Broken Hill and District, Camilleri, Jenny, 2002 Site Exhibition Unbroken Spirit: Women in Broken Hill, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2009, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/bh/bh-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia [Alison, Dorothy (actor) : programs and related material collected by the National Library of Australia] Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 16 February 2009 Last modified 16 February 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, newspaper cuttings, articles, cards, photographs, publications, typescripts, manuscripts, booklets, notebooks, diaries, theatre programmes, agendas, constitutions, minutes, reports, receipts, accounts, legislation, research material, notes, press statements, propaganda, submissions, tapes, posters, plans, family history, map, Aboriginal flag.??Bulk of papers from 1961 to 1982.??This collection may contain culturally sensitive words or descriptions, some of which might not normally be used in certain public or community contexts. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 13 January 2010 Last modified 30 July 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Nina Bills wrote the social page and the women’s page for Broken Hill’s Barrier Daily Truth in the 1930s. Nina Bills was the daughter of Albert Henry Bills and Hilda L’Estelle (nee Nankiville). She had one sister, Winsome Francis, and two brothers, Gordon Henry and Alan Maynard. Gordon contracted diphtheria at the age of seven and passed away in 1913. Nina had her own brush with serious illness when she contracted polio at the age of two. She continued to use a walking stick most of her life. Nina was educated at Broken Hill High School before moving to Adelaide to attend the Presbyterian Ladies’ College, and finally Adelaide University. On her return to Broken Hill she became a journalist for the Barrier Daily Truth, and wrote the regular social page under the pen name ‘L’Estelle’. She reported on many and varied social events including the Movie Star look-a-like competition. Nina also produced the weekly page for women, covering engagements, weddings, births, fashions and art. She broadcast on subjects of local interest at the ABC (2NB) radio station on Friday mornings. In the late 1930s, Nina and her sister Winsome opened a florist shop, Thelma, but closed in 1941 when Winsome was expecting her first child. Nina married James Robert Adam on 12 March 1943 at the Broken Hill Registry Office. They had two children: Jeanette Margaret (born 1947) and James Alexander (born 1949). Events 1930 - Published resources Book Some Outstanding Women of Broken Hill and District, Camilleri, Jenny, 2002 Site Exhibition Unbroken Spirit: Women in Broken Hill, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2009, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/bh/bh-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 16 February 2009 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)