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BOX 1?Folder 1: ‘Correspondence to A Blake…’, 1949, 1966, 1990-2001, being correspondence, mainly letters received. Correspondents include Jan Blake, ca. 1984; Race Mathews, 1992; Joy Storie, 1996; Mavis Robertson, 1998; Jack Blake, date unknown; Mona Brand, 1997; Len Fox, 1997; Geoff Sharp, 2000; Elizabeth Harrower, 2001; Terry Irving, 2001; Wendy Beckett, 2001; Editors of Arena and Overland, 2000; Guy Rundle, 2001; Stuart Macintyre, 2001; Geraldine Doogue, 1997; Bruce Armstrong, 1944, date unknown; and postcards from Audrey in London and Italy to Mrs Williams, c/- Eureka Youth League, Sydney??Folder 2: ‘Correspondence during Jack’s last illness…’, 1990-2001, being correspondence, mainly letters received, with Geoff Sharp, 2000; Nonie Sharp, 2000, Amirah Inglis, date unknown; and Frank Stilwell, 2000??Folder 3: Correspondence of Jack and Audrey Blake, being mainly letters received, 1959-2001. Correspondents include Blake their grandchildren, David, Katy and Rick Sandblom; Jan Blake, date unkbown; Amirah Inglis, 1983; Stuart Macintyre, ca. 1998, date unknown; Joy Storie, 1991; Jim Staples, date unknown; Rod Shaw, date unknown; Elizabeth Harrower, 1990, 1998; Frank Stilwell, 2001; Bruce Johnson, 1991; Pauline Armstrong, 1998; Phillip Deery, 2000??Folder 4: ‘Blake – Higgins’, being correspondence with Stuart Macintyre, 1997, mainly regarding Esmonde Higgins??Folder 5: ‘Correspondence – & Family Stuff’, 1979-2002, including letters of condolence received on the death of Jack Blake. Correspondents include Elizabeth Harrower, 2000; Stuart Macintyre, 2000; Jim Adams and Jean Adams, 2000; Phillip Deery, 2001; Amirah Inglis, 1998; Bruce Armstrong, 2002; Geoff Sharp, 1998-1999; Audrey McDonald and Tom McDonald, date unknown; with postcards (3) from Audrey to Jack, date unknown; correspondence of Audrey Blake with Public Trust Offic, Vic., 1979-1982, regarding her late brother Reginald B. J. Boyd; notes by Audrey for obituary of Jack; and copy of income tax return of Jack Blake, 1972-1973??Folder 6: Letters from Audrey Blake to Edward John Walker and Margaret Walker, 1987-1998??Folder 7: Letter received by Audrey Blake from Margaret and Jack [Walker ?], 2000; photocopy of Stuart Macintyre’s obituary of Jack Blake, The Australian, 11 Dec. 2000; and note by Jack Blake for [or] regarding Evelyn Healy??Folder 8: Correspondence, 1969-2004. Correspondents include Blake grandchildren, 1987-1992; Helen Palmer, 1969; Mitchell Library, 1993; Amirah Inglis, 1979, 2002; Stuart Macintyre, 2002; Gavin Kitching; Ken Inglis, 2004; Phillip Deery, 2001; and Walter Seddon Clayton, 1992??Folder 9: ‘Family Personal etc.’, ca. 1980-2000, including letters received from grandson, David Sandblom, 1991, date unknown; passports (2) of Jack and Audrey Blake, 1980-1982; copy of Jack Blake’s death certificate, 23 Oct. 2000; and issue of Blake’s Humour and Satire Monthly, no. 1 Apr. [1983]??Folder 10: ‘Personal Stuff’, 1954, 1967-1994, including notes and writings by Jack Blake and personal documents, and letters to Audrey??Folder 11: Photographs of Jack and Audrey with family and friends, 1937-1994??BOX 2?Folder 1: ‘Audrey’, being photocopies of Eureka Youth League Syllabus 1945; issue of Young Engineer, issued by Melbourne District Youth Committee of Amalgamated Engineering Union, Apr. 1943; listing of Communist Party of Australia Victorian State Committee Collection at the University of Melbourne Archives; ‘If Those Walls Could Only Speak’ by Harry Stein in Jazz, Summer/Autumn 1986??Folder 2: Articles and speeches by Jack Blake, 1956-1991, including manuscript, typescript and printed versions, and list of articles written by Jack and Audrey Blake in Communist Review, 1950-1956??Folder 3: ‘Articles by JDB’, 1968-1972??Folder 4: ‘Writings & Speeches of A. Blake’, being photocopy of ‘The Death & The Funeral’, Sept. 1997, a critique on the death of Diana, Princess of Wales??Folder 5: ‘Notes & Speeches & Articles by JDB for the Mitchell Library’, 1950-1988, being photocopies of articles from Communist Review, 1950??Folder 6: Red folder of Audrey Blake papers, 1965-2002, including listing of Audrey Blake Collection, University of Melbourne Archives, Accession No. 96/60, and folder regarding the film Red Matildas, ca. 1985??Folder 7: ‘Odd Notes of JDB’, 1958-1997, including notes on multiculturalism, and ‘Notes on Patrick White’, based on discussion on the Left of White’s work with correspondence with Stephen Murray-Smith, 1962??BOX 3?Folder 1: ‘EYL Material / Students’ Labour Clubs / etc’, 1941-1954, 2001, including printed material and copy of ‘Vale Jim Adams’ by Bruce Armstrong, 30 Aug. 2001??Folder 2: ‘Songs, Youth, E.Y.L., Students’, 194-195-, including song books??Folder 3: ‘The Eureka Youth League’, 1954, 1964, 1996-2001, including copies of Constitution, 1954, 1964; obituaries of Pauline Armstrong (1928-2001) and Audrey Blake’s funeral oration for Rivkah Mathews, Feb. 1998; and annotated newscutting regarding EYL camp near Yarra Glen, Vic. From Sunday Herald Sun, 4 Feb. 1996??Folder 4: Friends’, including poem by Marjorie Pizer, May 1969 and presentation program of Penrith’s Q Theatre production of Reedy River, signed by the playwright Dick Diamond??Folder 5: Folder containing copy The Road to Peace (1954) by J. E. Owen??Folder 6: ‘Work in progress until 3 days before he entered hospital…’, being notes compiled by Jack Blake on aspects of Communist Party of Australia history??Folder 7: ‘Chronology attempts & material JDB was working on until 3 days before hospital’, 1945-1950, 1981, 2000, including notes and copies of his writings, and correspondence with Evelyn Healy and Kevin Healy??Folder 8: Reviews of Revolution from Within (1971-1972) by Jack Blake??Folder 9: Miscellaneous and printed material, 1967-2000, including draft of ‘Community Carnival or Cold War Strategy ? The 1952 Youth Carnival for Peace and Friendship’ by Phillip Deery and copy of ‘Lithgow’s Last Years as a Steel Town’ by a. C. Clarke, Lithgow District Historical Society Occasional Papers, no. 15, Apr. 1980??BOX 4?Bound annotated volumes of Communist Review, 1949-1952, with photocopies from selected issues; issue of Communist Review, vol 4 no. 9, Sept. 1937; and copy of Bartlett Adamson (Mar. 1963) by Len Fox, being signed presentation received from the author Author Details Alannah Created 21 June 2018 Last modified 21 June 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sawer speaks of her upbringing in New Zealand, her parents’ background, the family migrating to Australia in 1958 and her subsequent academic education, early married life, scholarly pursuits, the increasing involvement in the Women’s Movement and gender politics, her appointment as Chair of the Political Science Program at the ANU’s Research School of Social Sciences, current academic interests, her involvement in key feminist campaigns such as the enactment of sex discrimination legislation in the A.C.T. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 15 February 2013 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, manuscript, minutes, speeches, broadcasts, cuttings, publications, mainly relating to Ruby Rich’s involvement in numerous women’s, Jewish, cultural and international organisations. They include the Australian Federation of Women Voters, International Alliance of Women, Women’s International Zionist Organisation, United Nations Commission on Status of Women, Racial Hygiene Centre, Family Planning Association of New South Wales, International Planned Parenthood Federation, Judge Rainbow Memorial Appeal Fund, United Nations Association of Australia, Commonwealth Countries’ League, Australia-Israel Society for Cultural Exchange and Israel Philharmonic Orchestra. Correspondents include her sister Vera Wild and Bessie Rischbieth, Edith Hedger, Julia Rapke, Constance Davey and Maurice Schalit. Author Details Clare Land Created 26 November 2002 Last modified 12 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Boxes 27 (NCWA Board Minutes Books 1979 – 1982) and 28 (NCWA Papers 1984 – 2006). Author Details Elizabeth Daniels Created 6 September 2013 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Kerry Snell is a campaigner for equitable access to mainstream services and ensuring that people with disability are well represented through diverse leadership. Read an interview with Kerry Snell in the online exhibition Redefining Leadership. Born in Brisbane, when Kerry was young she experienced frequent extended hospital visits. Through this exposure Kerry became aware of the importance of good governance for institutions to ensure that people accessing them are treated respectfully and with dignity. As her eyesight began to degenerate she devised a myriad of workarounds that disguised her vision loss. This made Kerry adept at problem solving, and finding adaptations and solutions to the challenges vision loss presents. Kerry trained and worked as a teacher and went on to use these teaching skills as a consumer advocate. Holding governments and institutions to account for their policies and prejudices is an important facet of her community involvement. As an advocate for diversity in government and the community, Kerry is also wary of tokenism. A clear commitment to equity and social justice naturally made Kerry a feminist too. Women with disability suffer higher rates of disadvantage and stigmatisation. Created 21 February 2019 Last modified 21 February 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Judy Finlay has been treasurer of the Australian Women’s Land Army Association New South Wales since 1996. At the outbreak of World War II, Judy Finlay was working at M & J Frocks, a frock and suit manufacturer, as a junior finisher and machinist. She joined the Women’s Australian National Service (WANS) soon after it was established in 1940, and completed First Aid and Air Raid Precautions courses, while continuing to work in Sydney. Her first placement with the WANS was at the Scarborough Children’s Home. Here she worked four hour evening shifts twice a week helping staff take care of the children’s needs. After a couple of months she transferred to the WANS Land Army Section and was sent to the farming districts of Leeton and Wamoon. Her main task was to help farmers with the vegetable and fruit picking. Next she completed a six month course on a training farm for agricultural and dairying work. She was then posted to Barker College, Hornsby. Here the two Land Army girls shared the tasks of looking after the cows, fowls and a vegetable garden. Finlay stayed at the College until December 1945, when she returned to Sydney and her position at M & J Frocks. Following her marriage to Alex Finlay she continued working, eventually becoming forewoman with the responsibility of overlooking the retail division. While her two children were young, Finlay took in home sewing. She established a small retail outlet in which she sold the clothes that she produced. Later she began running a grocery/mixed business. In 1946 Finlay joined the newly established Australian Women’s Land Army Association N.S.W. She has held the position of treasurer for the Association since 1996. In October 2002, Judy Finlay represented the Australian Women’s Land Army Association on the Australian Women in War Project working party. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Interview with Judy Finlay, 2003, http://australiansatwarfilmarchive.unsw.edu.au/archive/22-judy-finlay Author Details Anne Heywood Created 25 February 2004 Last modified 12 June 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Although she only stood for election once (Council for the Defence of Government Schools candidate for Heathcote in 1971), Edna McGill spent a lifetime campaigning for public education. At the time of her campaign, Edna McGill had lived in the Heathcote area for more than two decades. She had been the Secretary of the Heathcote Progress Association for six years, the Heathcote Bush Fire Brigade, and the Parents and Citizens Associations of primary and secondary schools in the area over 15 years. Her interest in public education did not wane. In 2003, she was a member of the Board of the NSW Community Language Schools. In 2004, she shared the first Meritorious Service to Public Education award with Professor Tony Vinson and Mr Jim Harkin. The citation on the award stated that “for more than 40 years, Edna McGill has made an outstanding contribution to education in NSW …her contribution covers such areas as curriculum, support for multicultural education, the education of indigenous students and for anti-racism programs” She was awarded a Medal of the Order of Australia in 1986 for services to education and the community. She was a former Chair, Treasurer and member of Ethnic Communities’ Council, and in 2005 was a member of the Management Committee. She died at home on 24 August 2016 at home in the company of her beloved son Peter and friend, Julie. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 25 August 2005 Last modified 9 September 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sarah Hynes was the first woman to hold a government appointment in science in New South Wales. In 1934 she was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). Sarah Hynes was born in Danzig, Prussia and lived in England until migrating to Australia with her family in 1884, when her father became managing director of the Australasian Steam Navigation Co. She was educated at Edinburgh Ladies’ College, London, and at Chichester College, Sussex. She received a botanical certificate from South Kensington Museum, Science and Art Department. After travelling to Australia, she enrolled at the University of Sydney and graduated in 1891 with a Bachelor of Arts and a major in botany. In 1892 she became the first woman to join the Linnean Society of New South Wales, which promotes the cultivation and study of the science of natural history. She began her career in science as a teacher at Sydney Technical College in 1897. In 1898 she was offered a position as botanical assistant at the Sydney Technological (Powerhouse) Museum, thereby becoming the first woman to hold a government appointment in science in New South Wales. She later transferred to the herbarium at the Botanic Gardens but clashed with her male superior, ultimately leading her to transfer to the Department of Public Instruction in 1910. In 1913 she returned to teaching, first at Cleveland Street then at Petersham High Schools, seeing out her career in 1923 at St George Girls’ High School. In 1934 she was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). Published resources Resource Section Hynes, Sarah (1859-1938), Hooker, Claire, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/AS10242b.htm Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Archival resources State Library of Victoria Papers, 1926-1934. [manuscript] Author Details Isobelle Barrett Meyering Created 10 September 2009 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Peter Sekuless interviews Mrs Jean Thurlow as part of his research into the life of Jessie Street. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 2 January 2018 Last modified 2 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The collection comprises correspondence, draft chapters, final chapters, galley proofs and book reviews for “Sweet mothers, sweet maids : journeys from Catholic childhoods” edited by Dominica and Kate Nelson. The 20 contributors to the book were: Val Hawkes, Deirdre Cook, Veronica Brady, Pauline Toner, Eileen Balsamo, Anne Gorman, Lorna Hannan, Barbara Rooney, Babette Francis, Mary Larnach-Jones, Kerry Eccles, Therese Radic, Kathleen Curmi, Anna Rutherford, Caty Kyne, Lilyan Staniforth, Margaret O’Sullivan, Pamela Winter, Venetia Nelson and Amanda Lohrey. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 April 2018 Last modified 17 April 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Mai Ho arrived in Australia in December 1982 with two small daughters and sixteen dollars. By 1997 she was Mayor of Maribyrnong. Twelve months later her daughter, Tan Le, was voted Young Australian of the Year. Raised in Saigon’s District 5 at the outbreak of the Vietnam War, Mai’s childhood was characterised by constant threats to safety in the midst of tremendous political unrest. Mai was strongly influenced by her anti-communist father, who published a controversial bilingual political magazine for American and Vietnamese soldiers. He encouraged her to understand and help others, and urged her to consider the possibility of escape from Vietnam. Aged sixteen, Mai married a wealthy pharmacist eighteen years her senior. By 1981 she was preparing to escape Vietnam by boat. In early morning darkness, she left with her daughters Tan and Min, her mother, sister and brother, and 161 fellow passengers. Her husband was to join her a fortnight later. An indescribably awful journey ended with rescue by an English vessel and transport to a Malaysian camp. Here Mai worked as a translator before gaining passage with her family to Australia. Housed in the Midway Hostel, Maribyrnong, Mai began work picking fruit to support her family. Her husband, she learned, did not intend to join her after all. The family moved to Footscray, where sheer persistence obtained for Mai a position in Quality Control for the Holden factory. She was the first female inspector at Fishermen’s Bend, Port Melbourne, where she earned more than the Vietnamese men working on the factory line. While raising two children and working full time, Mai took on and completed a Bachelor of Arts (human resource management) and tertiary qualifications in computer operations and health science (beauty therapy). In 1987 she opened her own computer business and prospered. By 1990 she felt secure enough to open her own beauty salon. Meanwhile, conscious of the struggles of those in her position, Mai set up a Vietnamese community support service. With her own savings she co-financed a venue, electricity and a telephone. At the age of twelve, her eldest daughter Tan was manning the telephone and helping people to fill out government forms. By 1992, Mai decided to stand for the local election. With strong support, she was defeated due to hundreds of uncounted informal votes. The following year she joined the Labor Party, and this time was victorious. She returned to her country of birth in 1995 with the Australian Consultative Delegation to Vietnam, the first delegation to investigate human rights there. By 1997 Mai Ho was Mayor of Maribyrnong. The same twelve-year-old Tan who was answering the telephone would become president of the Australian Vietnamese Services Resource Centre (as it is now known) by the age of eighteen. In this role she implemented counselling, training and employment programs, and refuge services for Vietnamese women. Despite some racist ridicule at school, Tan had maintained outstanding academic results and graduated to university at the age of sixteen. Awarded a KPMG Accounting Scholarship in 1997, she went on to complete a combined Bachelor of Commerce/Laws at Monash University in 1998 and was admitted as a barrister and solicitor two years later. In 1998, Tan’s contribution to community service was recognised nationally and internationally when she was awarded Young Australian of the Year. In 2000 she co-founded a wireless technology company, SASme. The company has grown to become a leading wireless technology provider in Australia, with branches in Asia and Europe. Still young, Tan’s has already been a distinguished career with appointments on the Australian Citizenship Council and the National Committee for Human Rights Education in Australia; as Ambassador for the Status of Women and Ambassador for Aboriginal Reconciliation; and as Patron of the Australian Youth Ambassadors for Development Program. Her strong public profile and breadth of experience mean she is frequently called upon for public speaking engagements. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Created 23 September 2009 Last modified 2 November 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A community activist, Patricia Oakman was an ALP candidate in the 1973 elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Clarence. She had better luck in local politics being elected to the Bellingen Shire Council in 1969. She held the position of Shire President from 1971-73 and 1976-80. Patricia Oakman was born in Coffs Harbour and educated at Urunga Public School and the Paddington Domestic Science School. She was first elected to the Bellingen Shire Council in 1969 and became the first woman to be a shire president in 1971. Patricia Oakman became the first woman director on the executive of the Hospital Contribution Fund of Australia in 1970, and the first woman president of the Hospital Association of NSW 1973-75, 1981.She was a director of the Bellingen Hospital Board from 1965, treasurer 1969-79, chair 1980. She was a member of the Sydney Farm Produce Marketing Authority in 1978. Patricia Oakman received the Queen’s Jubilee Medal in 1977 and was awarded an A.M. in 1978. She is married to William John Oakman (died July 2005) Published resources Edited Book Who's Who of Australian Women, Lofthouse, Andrea, 1982 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 1 February 2006 Last modified 1 May 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, photos, diaries, working notes, cuttings Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 21 November 2006 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Country Women’s Association of the Western is a non-sectarian, non-party-political, non-profit lobby group and service association working in the interests of women and children in rural areas. Although ostensibly non-party-political, in practice the group has tended to bolster conservative politics and has supported traditional family roles for women. Historically, it was, however, also a progressive force in many ways, particularly in its encouragement of country women to take an active part in public affairs, and also in its lobby for and provision of services to rural areas. Given its size and scope, it was arguably the most influential women’s organisation in Western Australia in the twentieth century. The formation of a country women’s association in Western Australia was first proposed in 1923 by Lady Forster (wife of the then Governor General). While visiting Perth she addressed a meeting of the National Council of Women at the Karrakatta Club about the recently formed New South Wales Association. A provisional committee was formed to set about establishing a Western Australian Association. Mabel Craven-Griffith sent hundreds of letters and travelled extensively to arouse interest in the proposal. The first meeting was held in Perth in early 1924 and by the end of the year four branches were operating. The first conference was held in March 1925, attended by the four founding branches, at which Craven-Griffiths was elected as the first state president. The original motto, ‘Honour to God, Loyalty to the Throne and Empire, Service to the Country, Through Countrywomen, for Countrywomen, by Countrywomen’ was also adopted. The first objective of most branches was to establish a Rest Room, where children could be fed and tea made when women from rural areas had to visit town, and as a space for meetings. By 1934 the Association claimed 124 branches, of which 24 already had Rest Rooms. Many were also used for a wide array of other purposes, for example: baby clinics and kindergartens; card evening and other social events; meeting rooms for Guides, Scouts and other groups; wartime canteens; polling booths; and some also provide accommodation. From 1933 into the 1940s the CWA arranged for the distribution of free fruit to children in outback areas where it was not grown and was too expensive to purchase. They also arranged holiday camps for outback children. From 1934 they produced their own newsletter, the Countrywoman of Western Australia, which became a formal monthly publication in 1940. They have also produced numerous cookbooks and local histories. Membership reached a peak of 12,000 across about 250 branches in the mid 1950s, declining to 9,000 by 1970, although the number of branches had increased. From 1928, Younger Sets (for girls and young women) were also established, reaching a peak of 50 ‘Sets’ by 1942, but these steadily declined and were eventually disbanded in the early 1960s. During the war years, as in other states, much of the Association’s energy was directed towards supporting the war effort. They initiated a War Relief Fund, which purchased materials that were made up into various garments for those in war-devastated areas by members of local branches. Some Rest Rooms were used as ‘spotting stations’ for Japanese attacks, often manned by CWA members during the day. They arranged accommodation, meals and entertainment for soldiers who were in training or transit. They launched a training scheme for girls to undertake work in rural areas where male labour was in short supply. They contributed to the CWA’s nationwide camouflage net making contract, as well as making up various woollen garments and other items, as well as sheepskin vests .After the war they continued to send food parcels and clothing to Britain. They assisted particularly with the Women’s Land Army, the nationwide CWA camouflage net making contract (of which 20,000 were made). Thousand of pounds were raised and donated to purchase medical equipment for the army, a trainer plane for the RAAF and to provide meals and other ‘comforts’ for soldiers in training camps, as well as large donations to the Red Cross. Almost every branch had an Emergency World Circle which made up various woollen garments and other items, as well as sheepskin vests. They also supported ‘Food for Britain Nationwide, CWA members made over 150,000 camouflage nets, as well as sheepskin vests for flight crews, and numerous other woollen garments. They also established a ‘Comforts Fund’ for soldiers and sent clothing and bedding to women and children in London. In the postwar years the Association’s activities expanded considerably. In 1946 a Club House was rented in Perth to provide both meeting rooms and accommodation, and in 1953 separate headquarter were built. Numerous holiday homes were also purchased and since the 1960s it has also established aged care homes for members. Handicrafts had been a strong feature of the Association since the 1930s, with numerous statewide exhibitions being held. In the 1940s and 1950s various handicraft schools were organised and the central Handicraft Committee sent out numerous packages of materials and instructions to outlying branches. In the 1950s numerous Association choirs were established, and from 1953 statewide drama contests were held. In 1974, to celebrate the Association’s golden jubilee, over two hundred histories of local branches were written and sent to the central office. A variety of welfare activities were also undertaken, with a welfare fund having being established in 1934, to assist members in need or times of emergencies and natural disasters. Various funds have also assisted rural children to attend high school, and have been donated to causes both in Australia and abroad. In 1935 an Emergency Housekeeper Scheme was established. This became a separate in 1937, but in 1969 was taken over again by the Association. From the 1930s it established and ran several hostels for country school students who needed to live away from home in regional centres in order to attend high school. Most of these were transferred to government control in the 1960s. The Association has also worked closely with numerous other organisations, particularly the Travellers’ Aid Service. It has also had representatives a diverse range of groups, including, for example, the State Housing Authority, the Good Neighbour Council, the Keep Australia Beautiful Council, the Health Education Council, the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the WA Association for Children’s Films and Television. As of 2004 the Association’s aim is: ‘To improve the well being of all people especially those in country areas by promoting courtesy, co-operation, community effort, ethical standards and the wise use of resources.’ It maintains holiday accommodation and retirement units; welfare and education funds; and an emergency home help service. Recently it has focussed particularly on the issue of aged care. Since 1988 it has run a rural information service, which monitors and disseminates information on rural services and assistance particularly relating to health, education and aged care. Published resources Book The Many Hats of Country Women: The Jubilee History of the Country Women's Association of Australia, Stevens-Chambers, Brenda, 1997 Getting things done : the Country Women's Association of Australia, Country Women's Association of Australia, 1986 60 years of the Countrywoman of Western Australia : official publication of the Country Women's Association of W.A. (Inc.), 1934-1994., [1994?] She's no milkmaid : a biography of Dame Raigh Roe, D.B.E., Erickson, Rica, Haywood, Rona and Oldham, Jan (sketches by), [1991?] A History of the South Eastern Division CWA, 1953-1996, Money, Louie, 199? Dalwallinu Branch History, 1974-1983, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Dalwallinu Branch, 1984? Salmon Gums CWA, 1938-1978, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Salmon Gums Branch, 1979? Country Women's Association of WA Inc., Wubin Branch History, 1974-1984, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Wubin Branch, 1984? A History of the Jibberding Branch of Country-woman's Association of Western Australia, 1974-1984, Bowen, Rose, 1984? Country Women's Association, Buntine Branch History - 1974 to 1984, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Buntine Branch History, 1984? Pithara Branch, 1974-1984, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Pithara Branch, 1984? Carnarvon, November 1938- / C.W.A, W.A., Country Women's Association of Western Australia. Carnarvon Branch, 1993? Grass Patch, 1952-2002, Country Women's Association of Western Australia. Grass Patch Branch, 2002 History of Southern Cross Branch of C.W.A., 1934-1971, Forrester, Erna L. Silver Years in the Golden West, 1924-1949, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, 1949 Journal Article CWA : celebrating 75 years., 1998 Newsletter The Countrywoman of Western Australia, 1940- Journal South Coast Calling/CWA WA, Country Women's Association of Western Australia, Albany Branch, 1981?-1998 Edited Book A Continuing Story, Kelly, Barbara [et. al.]., 1999 Her Name is Woman, Erickson, Rica, Gibbings, Beatrice, Higgins, Lilian, 1974 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Australian Historic Records Register Gairdner Country Women's Association State Library of Western Australia Papers, 1902-1966 [manuscript] Papers 1990 [manuscript] Records, 1948-1980 [manuscript] Papers, 1887-1969 [manuscript] Country Women's Association of Western Australia : collection of ephemera material Papers, 1882-1966 [manuscript] [Interview with Winifred Kastner] [sound recording] / [interviewed by Jean Teasdale] Minute books, 1937-1954 [microform] History of Yerecoin Branch of the Country Women's Association, [198-] [manuscript] Country Women's Association of Western Australia records Papers, 1877-1951 [manuscript] National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Dame Raigh Roe interviewed by Gail O'Hanlon in the Australians of the year oral history project [sound recording] Author Details Jane Carey and Anne Heywood Created 19 March 2004 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Documents, leaflets, newspaper clippings and correspondence on various topics, banners, badges, posters, periodicals, photo album, constitution and programmes, rules, minutes, agendas, cashbooks, reports of local branches and Queensland Branch of Union of Australian Women, newsletters. Date range extends from 1930s to 1998, however the bulk of the material relates to the period 1950-1998. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 2 July 2004 Last modified 30 July 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Violet Jones enlisted with the Australian Army Nursing Service on December 15, 1941. She was attached to the 115 General Hospital in Heidelberg, Victoria. Following twelve months with the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS), Violet Jones continued her nursing career in hospitals. She had ten siblings including one brother who was detained as a prisoner of war in Japan during the Second World War. Violet’s letter to him in 1942 is still in the possession of his daughter Kathryn Lucas. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Archives of Australia, National Office, Canberra JONES VIOLET MARGARET : Service Number - V148279 : Date of birth - Unknown : Place of birth - CHILTERN VIC : Place of enlistment - HEIDELBERG VIC : Next of Kin - JONES CHRISTIAN Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 7 September 2005 Last modified 6 December 2005 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

13 sound cassettes (13 hrs.)??MLOH 542/1-2?Mrs Ann Spellacy, 28 August 2002??MLOH 542/3?Sarah Walters, first woman City Librarian, 30 October 2002??MLOH 542/4?Heather Yelds, 24 February 2003??MLOH 542/5?Betty Eaton, 24 March 2003??MLOH 542/6?Beryl Johnson, 28 April 2003??MLOH 542/7?Dr. Maurine Goldston-Morris, past President of the Women’s Club, 19 May 2003??MLOH 542/8?Enid Payne, 26 June 2003??MLOH 542/9?Betty Davey, 30 July 2003??MLOH 542/10?Sheila Allan Bruhn, 4 May 2005??MLOH 542/11-12?Gay Daniel, 20 August 2003??MLOH 542/13?Elyane Lenthall, 30 September 2003 Author Details Alannah Croom Created 26 June 2018 Last modified 26 June 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound tape reel (ca. 36 min.)??Scotford speaks of her work as the Executive Director of the Cultural Council of the City of Sydney ; of her interest in the National Trust and the International Council of Women. Scotford relates some details of her childhood and family environment. Author Details Elizabeth Daniels Created 12 September 2013 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diaries, speeches, commissions, illuminated addresses and other papers.?(a) Lord Wakehurst?1937-1938; Diaries?1939-1948; Speeches and articles.?1936-1937; Commissions?1945; ‘Tour of northern and forward areas in and beyond Australia’?1937-1945; ‘No. 22 Squadron (City of Sydney) RAAF’?1939-1943; ‘Sydney University Regiment’?1937-1945; ‘NSW Australia – Misc. Papers’?1937-1945; Photographs?1937-1945; Illuminated addresses?1937; Panoramic photograph of Sydney Harbour?1937, 1940; Original cartoons?ca. 1940; Flag?1938, undated; Printed material?1942; 2 souvenirs of the sinking of the Japanese Midget Submarine, Sydney Harbour, May 1942?(b) Lady Wakehurst?1938-1945, 1960; Correspondence?1945; Diary?1940-1945; Speeches and messages?1939-1944; Album of blank invitations?1891, 1931, 1937-1946, 1957; Miscellaneous material Author Details Anne Heywood Created 29 November 2002 Last modified 24 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Records of the Third Women and Labour Conference held in Adelaide 4-6 June 1982, consisting of correspondence, financial records, minutes and conference papers. Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 23 July 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Scripts and associated material for three pageants ‘The Springs of Power’ (1933), ‘The White Ribbon Pageant’ (1936) and ‘Heritage’ (1936). Author Details Anne Heywood Created 28 January 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Typescript of paper co-authored with Tessa Milne, entitled Finding the founding mothers : a bibliographical essay (1997) 19 p. The essay discusses the role and the active participation played by Australian women in the Federation movement in the nineteenth century. The paper presents both the range of Federation activities involving women and provides a survey of the sources for this research. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 April 2018 Last modified 17 April 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Unpublished Honours Thesis, School of Historical Studies, Faculty of Arts, University of Melbourne Author Details Janet Butler Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 26 April 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Executive and Council minutes 1902-39. Author Details Gavan McCarthy Created 15 October 1993 Last modified 1 October 2002 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The series consists mainly of publications collected by past AFUW-SA (1972-73) and AFUW President (1997-2000) Daphne Elliott. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 3 October 2017 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Millicent Preston-Stanley was a politician and first female member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, 1925-1927. She was involved in a wide array of women’s groups and issues and was President of the Feminist Club from 1919-1934 and 1952-1955. She was also Australian delegate for the British-American Co-operation Movement, 1936-1938. She married Crawford Vaughan in Sydney in 1934. Parliamentary and Local Government Career Candidate Eastern Suburbs, 1922 Elected, Eastern Suburbs, 1925 Unsuccessful candidate, Bondi, 1927 Party: Nationalist Millicent Preston-Stanley was a politician and feminist. She was born on 9 September 1883 in Sydney and lived there until her death in 1955. Throughout her life she was involved in a number of women’s organisations, such as the Feminist Club of which she was President from 1919-34 and 1952-55. In 1925 Preston-Stanley became the first female member of the NSW Legislative Assembly, representing the Eastern Suburbs. During this time she campaigned on maternal mortality, reform in child welfare, amendments to the Health Act and better housing. She held her seat until 1927. She was the Australian delegate to America for the British-American Co-operation Movement in 1936 and undertook a lecture tour of America in 1937-38. In 1947 she was involved in the organisation, United Women Citizens’ Movement against Socialisation formed to oppose the Chifley government’s attempt to nationalise Australian banking. Millicent Stanley became Millicent Preston-Stanley after her father, Augustus Stanley, deserted the family and her mother (nee Preston) was granted a divorce, thereafter calling herself Preston-Stanley. A fine public speaker, she ran events for the Women’s Liberal League, and was critical of the Liberals’ neglect of women. After organising for political, feminist and other groups, she narrowly missed election for the multi-member seat of Eastern Suburbs in 1922. She was the first woman elected to the Legislative Assembly in 1925. She dealt mercilessly with hecklers and interjections inside and outside the Legislative Assembly, continuing her campaigns on women’s and children’s health, welfare, housing and the care of the ‘mentally defective’. “I do not expect to be exalted into the Ministry, but I will say this, that any woman who gets into Parliament and does not make up her mind to control the Department of Health so far as it concerns the women and children of the State does not properly conceive her responsibilities, powers or duties” (Parliamentary scrapbook 1922). After leaving the Legislative Assembly she campaigned for women’s rights in child custody, writing a play about the notorious Polini case which was produced in 1932. She married Crawford Vaughan, former premier of South Australia, in 1934. She continued organising against socialism and communism, and warning against the threat from Japan. In 1937-8 she toured the USA, lecturing on behalf of the Pan Pacific Women’s Conference. During 1940-41 she was director of the Women’s Australian National Service, mobilising volunteers and training women for the services. Her portrait, by Jerrold Nathan, hangs in NSW Parliament House, and another by Mary Edwards is in the Dixson Library, Sydney. Photos appear in the Parliamentary scrapbooks for 1922, 1927. Published resources Resource Papers of Millicent Preston-Stanley (1883-1955), http://www.nla.gov.au/ms/findaids/9062.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Australian Feminism: A Companion, Caine, Barbara, Gatens, Moira et al., 1998 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Book No ordinary lives: pioneering women in Australian politics, Jenkins, Cathy, 2008 Liberal women : Federation to 1949, Fitzherbert, Margaret, 2004 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of M. Preston-Stanley, 1925-1950 [manuscript] Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Feminist Club of New South Wales records, 1928-1973 Author Details Jane Carey Created 21 June 2004 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Plant biochemist Adele Millerd was one of Australia’s first female Fulbright Scholars. Alison (Adele) Millerd was born in Sydney in 1921. As both her parents were school teachers her family moved regularly, and Adele mostly attended schools where her father taught. In 1940 Adele won an exhibition to the University of Sydney and she lived at Women’s College while she studied chemistry for three years. During her studies, she offered tuition to other women who had not studied science at school. Adele worked for a time at the Riverstone Meatworks, however soon moved on to a private pathology practice where she was responsible for their biochemistry. When the University of Sydney became inundated with returned soldiers in 1945, Adele joined the biochemistry department and, as a teaching fellow, offered courses to medical and dental students. She enrolled in a masters course, majoring in biochemistry. She also lectured in that area. Adele received a Linnean Macleay fellowship for her research and after completing her masters, enrolled in a PhD. After a visit from Dr James Bronner of the Californian Institute of Technology, Adele applied for, and was awarded, a Fulbright scholarship to study in America. Adele was one of the two first female students, and the first scientist, to receive the scholarship. Adele returned from the United States in 1953 and was appointed a senior lecturer in the biochemistry department of the University of Sydney. She took study leave in 1959 at the McCollum Pratt Institute at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. Adele once again returned to Australia and took up an appointment in agricultural chemistry at the Waite Institute, South Australia. She joined the genetics section of CSIRO’s plant industry division in 1963 as a molecular biologist and biochemist, later transferring to the plant physiology section. During her time at the CSIRO, Adele took two periods of leave. First of all, she spent time at the University of California, San Diego, where she studied the accumulation of storage proteins in legume seeds. Adele also took leave after being awarded a Royal Nuffield fellowship, which saw her work as an overseas fellow at Churchill College, Cambridge. Adele retired from the CSIRO in 1982. Adele moved to Sydney in May 2017 to be near her relatives. She passed away in December 2017 at the age of 80. Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Adele Millerd interviewed by Alice Garner in the Fulbright scholars oral history project [sound recording] Author Details Alannah Croom Created 5 April 2018 Last modified 5 April 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This is the screen adaptation of theatrical entrepreneur Kate Howarde’s very successful stage play. The incomplete footage goes some way to showing why the storyline was so popular, with struggling bushman Andrew McQuade having to sell off his precious 50 acre field ‘Possum Paddock’, to pay off his bank loan. The trials and tribulations of the paddock and of daughter Nancy, who is courted by both a gentlemanly neighbour and a cad happily resolve themselves. General notes: The film did well commercially after opening at the Lyric Theatre, Sydney on 29 January 1921. A scene involving the plight of an unmarried mother was cut by censors. Critics found the film a little long but likeable. Much of the stage cast was retained for the film. Originally 6500 feet, surviving 993 feet with some nitrate damage (16mm, 41mins 22mins @ 16fps). Access copies: 16mm, 1/2 inch video.??There is documentation associated with the production of the film held in the NFSA collection. Author Details Hollie Aerts Created 21 December 2010 Last modified 1 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Valerie Ruth Skene Turnbull spent her entire working life in the University of Melbourne to which she came from St Michael’s Grammar School in 1943, taking her BA (Hons) in 1947. Initially employed as a Library Assistant, she became Acquisitions Librarian in 1953. For the next quarter of a century she was responsible for all aspects of the Library’s acquisitions, including relations with publishers and booksellers and maintaining the important exchange agreements between her library and those of other organisations worldwide. Her most important duty was allocating the funds of the Library so as best to satisfy the requirements of teaching and research in the University. It was never an easy task: despite significant donations and constant representations, funding never kept pace with demand. In 1978, following a reorganisation of the University Library, Valerie Turnbull assumed the newly-created position of Coordinator – Branch and Departmental Libraries. It was a fortunate choice. There were several dozen separate libraries to deal with, many independent of the University Library and many in which the collections significantly replicated its holdings. Valerie Turnbull, intimately acquainted with the librarians and academic staff, was ideally suited to the negotiation involved in trying to avoid unnecessary duplication of resources. She had not acquired this capacity through the Library alone. Val Turnbull was a dedicated supporter of the staff club, University House, as well as an organisation which may seem quaint today, the Staff and Distaff Social Club, which was established in 1928 for wives of University academics to welcome newcomers to Melbourne and provide a social network. Membership was subsequently widened to include female academics and non-academic staff. The final meeting was held in 1993.[1] Valerie Turnbull was also a committed member of the Friends of the Baillieu Library and of Zonta International. It is, however, as a social facilitator that Valerie Turnbull made her greatest mark on the University she served for 39 years, whether this was over lunch at University House, hosting dinners for publishers, booksellers or fellow librarians, at librarians’ conferences, or in her own house, she was a welcome and congenial companion. [1] Staff and Distaff records are held in the University of Melbourne Archives. Published resources Book 40 Years 40 Women: Biographies of University of Melbourne Women, Published to Commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the International Year of Women, Flesch, Juliet, 2015, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/4040/ Author Details Juliet Flesch Created 31 July 2017 Last modified 8 August 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In 1979, Gracia Baylor became the first woman member of the Liberal Party to be elected to the Victorian Legislative Council when she was electedthe member for Boronia. That year, she was one of the first two women to be elected to the Upper House, the other being Joan Coxsedge of the Australian Labor Party. Baylor held her seat until 1985 when she resigned to contest (unsucessfully) the Legislative Assembly seat of Warrandyte. Gracia Baylor, daughter of Herbert David Parry-Okeden, a grazier and businessman and Hilary May Webster, was born in Brisbane, and educated in Victoria and Tasmania as well as Brisbane as a result of her father serving in the Royal Australian Air Force during World War Two. At the National Gallery Art School in Melbourne she completed a Diploma of Fine Arts and subsequently trained as a secondary school teacher. In 1950 she married John du Frocq Freeman. She worked at Mercer House, a training college for teachers in independent schools, from 1951-57 and at Hamilton College from 1957-59. She married again in 1959, to Richard Patrick Baylor, a Solicitor, with whom she had four children, three boys and a girl. She became a law clerk in her husband’s firm in Healesville Her interest in politics was sparked when she recognised the need for a kindergarten in the town of Healesville. She served as a Healesville Shire Councillor from 1966-78 and ultimately became the first woman president of the Shire of Healesville from 1977-78. This also made her the first female Shire president in the state of Victoria. During her time in parliament she assisted in the establishment of the Queen Victoria Women’s Centre. Over the course of her career, Gracia Baylor initiated the council approved baby capsule program which all new parents use to safely carry their infants in cars for the first few months. ‘Before this program, babies were just placed in the back of the car in a bassinet and if there was an accident, they didn’t have a hope,’ she says. Baylor was also instrumental in getting mammograms approved for the Medicare register and she saved the only remaining tower of the Queen Victoria Memorial Hospital for women which is now a centre for Women’s Health. Baylor has been an active member of the National Council of Women at the national and state level, serving as president of the National Council of Women of Victoria from 1990-93 and of the National Council of Women Australia from 1997-2000. Events 1999 - 2002 Commnwealth Advisory Board for Equal Employment Opportunity for Women 1999 - 2002 Ministerial Advisory Committee to Minister for Women’s Affairs (Victoria) 2000 - 2001 ‘Women Shaping the Nation’ Centenary of Federation Committee 1990 - 2008 Dr Vera Scantlebury Brown Memorial trust 2003 - 2003 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women 1991 - 1999 Victoria Women’s Council 1999 - 1999 In recognition for her work in Parliament and women’s affairs. Published resources Book Biographical register of the Victorian Parliament, Browne, Geoff, 1985 Resource Section Gracia Baylor, AM, 2003, http://www.women.vic.gov.au/web12/rwpgslib.nsf/Graphic+Files/2003_Honour_Roll/$file/2003_Honour_Roll.pdf The Liberal Party of Australia Federal Women's Committee: History and Achievements 1945-2003, 2003, http://www.liberal.org.au/documents/fwc_history.pdf Site Exhibition Carrying on the Fight: Women Candidates in Victorian Parliamentary Elections, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cws/home.html Stirrers with Style! Presidents of the National Council of Women of Australia and its predecessors, National Council of Women of Australia, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ncwa Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the National Council of Women of Australia, 1924-1990 [manuscript] NCWA Papers 1984 - 2006 Private Hands (These regards may not be readily available) Interview with Gracia Baylor AM State Library of Victoria National Council of Women of Victoria Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 20 May 2005 Last modified 2 October 2020 Digital resources Title: Gracia Baylor Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

These describe personal, family, domestic and farming life on the Mornington Peninsula. An interesting impression of pioneering rural life from a woman’s perspective.?? References to raising of cattle, poultry and cultivation of crops??Rough notes of accounts and details of Boneo, Sorrento, Rosebud and Rye and social life.??The diaries have been fully transcribed. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 31 October 2017 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The ‘Women’s Place Women’s Space’ steering committee was formed in 1989 with the aim of securing a building and funding to resource a women’s centre in Brisbane; a building that would provide ‘a space for women by women for women, in Brisbane’. An ex-director of the University of Queensland Health Service, Dr Janet Irwin, is credited with initiating the concept, which received the public support of 173 women’s organizations, representing 200,000 women throughout Queensland. The then Lord Mayor of Brisbane, Sally Anne Atkinson, gave the proposal her strong support After the World Expo stage in Brisbane in 1988 was over, prominent Queensland feminists argued that the women of Queensland, whose millions of hours of unpaid labour had made the event such a success, should be offered a ‘permanent thank you present’; an ‘indestructable well done’ in the form of a ‘Women’s space’. Initially, the concept built upon ideas that had been floated in the 1970s about the need for a National Women’s Research Centre, along the lines of the model offered by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS). The proposed ‘Stockmen’s Hall of Fame’ was also a source of inspiration, with supporters arguing that ‘women are equally (more) important than stockmen with their ‘Hall of Fame’. The steering committee decided upon the concept of a multipurpose centre, of which a ‘Hall of Fame’ that focused on the achievements of women in the public and private sector, would be just one section. As well as the ‘Hall of Fame’, which was not to get ‘bogged down by an emphasis on inequalities and injustices’, but was to illustrate ‘the active role that women from a multiplicity of backgrounds have played or are playing in Australian society’, the space would include a gallery area, an auditorium, meeting rooms, a board room and a library. It was envisaged that revenue could be raised by leasing other areas to suitable tenants, such as health professionals, child minding facilities and counseling services. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources John Oxley Library, Manuscripts and Business Records Collection 5519 Soroptimist International, South Queensland Region, Records 1966-2012 4094 Women's Place. Women's Space Steering Committee Plans June 1992 OM79-02/11 Womens' Community Aid Association Records 4497 Women's Place Records Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 11 June 2004 Last modified 11 June 2004 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letter to Dr. J.S. Battye about books for the Public Library from the Forrest collection. Author Details Lisa MacKinney Created 21 August 2009 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Christine Landorf is an architect and academic who grew up in Broken Hill. With David Manfredi, she designed the Visitors’ Centre there and three of her students – Angus Barron, Steve Kelly and Dario Palumbo – designed the Broken Hill Miners’ Memorial. Together, the Memorial and the Visitors’ Centre received the Royal Australian Institute of Architects’ Walter Burley Griffin Award for Urban Design. The second daughter of Ross and Marion Landorf, Chris has a strong connection to Broken Hill. Both her maternal and paternal grandparents settled and worked in the city, though they came from quite different social backgrounds. Her paternal grandfather worked underground in the mines as a winder house driver, and her father Ross after him completed a fitting and turning apprenticeship before working as a mine manager. Her maternal grandfather was a surveyor who, after working in Southern Cross and Mount Isa, became the General Manager of New Broken Hill Consolidated. Chris’s mother Marion (née Hooper), was born in Southern Cross in Western Australia and worked as a comptometrist on the mines in Broken Hill before her marriage. Chris attended Alma Primary School and enjoyed an active childhood riding bikes and playing sport on the weekends. She spent two years at Willyama High School before moving to Adelaide to attend boarding school. After completing high school, she began a degree in Interior Design at the South Australian Institute of Technology, and at the end of second year transferred into Architecture on the advice of her lecturer. Chris was one of only two women in a class of 28, but never experienced sexism or discrimination. Although her father Ross held conservative views, he gave Chris his full support and never discouraged her from pursuing an atypical career in a predominantly masculine profession. Rather, Ross was proud that his children were studying at university as he had never had the opportunity to undertake tertiary study himself. After graduating Chris worked for a small practitioner, Russell Prescott, and then for the bigger firm of Rod Roach Architecture. At the age of 26 she was employed by the Adelaide City Council to work on the redevelopment of the town hall, a major project spanning several years. Having completed her Interior Design degree part time, Chris began teaching this discipline at the University of South Australia whilst undertaking a Masters of Business. After moving to teach architecture, she became a program convenor and was appointed Head of School for three years. Though she left Broken Hill at the age of 14, Chris maintained a connection to the town where she was born. She regularly returned to visit her parents until they left the Silver City in 1985, and researched Broken Hill’s history as part of a final year project for her architecture degree. While teaching at the University of South Australia, Chris initiated a summer elective study trip to Broken Hill. The project was set up in conjunction with the Line of Lode Association, which was interested in making a tourist attraction out of an old mine lease that had been donated back to the city. Chris’s students proposed a number of designs for a visitors’ centre, a restaurant and a memorial. The Association was thrilled by the proposals and, after receiving $1.84 million in Centenary Funding, was able to commission two of the projects: the Miners’ Memorial and the Visitors’ Centre. The walls of the Miners’ Memorial, designed by students Angus Barron, Steve Kelly and Dario Palumbo, are inscribed with the names and causes of death of those who died in the mines. The design for the Visitors’ Centre was conceived by Chris and her former student, David Manfredi. Its fractured roof and constricting walls simulate the experience of being underground. Both buildings were officially opened by the Hon. John Anderson, Deputy Prime Minister, on 21 April 2001. In December of that year they received the Walter Burley Griffin Award for Urban Design from the Royal Australian Institute of Architects. Chris Landorf continues to teach architecture at the University of Newcastle while completing a doctorate in Industrial Heritage. Her PhD investigates the sustainability and preservation of significant industrial sites, combining the maintenance of the built environment with a respect for its heritage. It compares the management models of six industrial sites in the United Kingdom with the management model proposed for the city of Broken Hill, recently nominated for the National Heritage list. If that nomination is successful, Broken Hill will be the first Australian city to be heritage listed in its entirety. This entry was prepared and written by Georgia Moodie. Published resources Book Section What's left when the ore runs out, mate?, Landorf, Christine, 1998 Journal Article A Sense of Identity and a Sense of Place: Oral History and Preserving the Past the Mining Community of Broken Hill, Landorf, Christine, 2000 Managing for Sustainable Tourism: A Review of Six Cultural World Heritage Sites, Landorf, Christine, 2009 Conference Paper Silk Purses from Sows' Ears: An Argument for Industrial Heritage: The Cultural Significance of Broken Hill, Landorf, Christine, 2002 Site Exhibition Unbroken Spirit: Women in Broken Hill, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2009, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/bh/bh-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Private Hands (These regards may not be readily available) Interview with Christine Landorf Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 3 March 2009 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Kerry Chikarovski is the only woman ever to have held the leadership of the Opposition in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly. After her retirement from politics, she published her autobiography, Chika, in 2004. Since 2003 she has been Director, Infrastructure and Planning Australia Pty Ltd. Kerry Chikarovski was born in Sydney in 1956, the daughter of Greg and Jill Bartels. She was educated at the United Nations International School, Our Lady of Dolours, Chatswood, Monte Sant’ Angelo, North Sydney and the University of Sydney (BEc LLB). She was President of the Sydney University Law Society 1978-1979 and a Director of the University of Sydney Union 1977-1978. After graduation, she worked as a solicitor in private practice 1980-1985 and as a Solicitor and Instructor at the College of Law, 1988-1991. She married Chris Chikarovski in 1979 (marriage dissolved) and has two children. Kerry Chikarovski ran unsuccessfully in the seat of Cabramatta in 1981, but won preselection for the Liberal Party for the safe seat of Lane Cove in 1991 on the retirement of the Attorney General, John Dowd, later Justice Dowd. She held the seat until 2003, when she resigned from Parliament. Kerry Chikarovski is the only woman ever to have held the Leadership of the Opposition in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly. After her retirement from politics, she published her autobiography, Chika, in 2004. Since 2003 she had been Director, Infrastructure and Planning Australia Pty Ltd. Her parliamentary career is as follows: Minister for Consumer Affairs and Assistant minister for Education 1992-1993 Minister for Industrial Relations and Employment 1993-1995 Minister for the Status of Women 1993-1995 Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party 1994-1995 Shadow Minister for the Environment 1997-1998 Shadow Minister for the Arts and Women 1999-2002 Shadow Minister for Infrastructure and Major Projects 2002-2003 Leader of the Opposition 1999-2002 Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 12 December 2005 Last modified 31 October 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The papers comprise: 1. Correspondence (some of the correspondents include Harley Davison, Myra Morris, the publishers Angus and Robertson, Stuart Sayers, and Frank Johnson as well as family members). 2. Greeting cards and invitations. 3. Diaries and notebooks, including one from Lieutenant-Colonel (Dr.) J. Fergusson-Stewart, C.O. who fought in the Middle East and France during the First World War. 4. Various typescripts of her work. 5. Reports and correspondence of a number of literary associations, societies and organisations such as International P.E.N., the Theosophical Society, and Australian Society of Authors. 6. Drawings and sketchbooks. 7. Newspaper cuttings. 8. Travel brochures and maps. 8. The personal papers of Geoff Drake-Brockman including manuscript of “Adventure into memory” and a typescript of “The turning wheel”. 9. Jull family papers (Martin E. Jull and Dr Roberta Jull). Author Details Anne Heywood Created 12 September 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letter to Lydia Longmore congratulating her on her appointment as an Inspector of Schools. Includes notes on Miss Longmore’s career with the Education Department. Author Details Clare Land Created 3 September 2002 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Records include constitutions and by-laws; minutes, attendance books, subscription books, correspondence, including a letter from Roberta Jull to Edith Cowan (16 April 1916) and letter book, annual reports and other reports as well as other miscellaneous papers. Part of the collection relates to Edith Cowan, who was actively involved in the foundation of the Council, and was its president from 1913-1920. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 12 September 2003 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Four scrap books: Australian Local Government Women’s Association press cuttings regarding women in local government, 1963-1980. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letters written by Alice Grant Rosman plus photograph and cutting. Ms Rosman was an early Mills & Boon author, lived in London during the war and travelled by ship to New York. She was born in SA. Her friends included Mary Grant Bruce and Margaret Preston. Author Details Christine Donald Created 10 June 2010 Last modified 24 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dame Mary Hughes was awarded the Order of the British Empire – Dame Grand Cross – Civil, on 31 December 1921 for public services to Australia during World War I. It was the highest award a woman could obtain, and she was the first Australian to receive it. Mary Hughes was the wife of the 13th prime minister of Australia, William Morris (Billy) Hughes (1915-1923), one of Australia’s longest serving parliamentarians. The daughter of Thomas and Mary Ann (née Burton) Campbell, Mary trained as a nurse before marrying Billy Hughes at the age of 37 on 26th June 1911 at Christ Church, South Yarra in Victoria. They had one daughter, Helen, born 11th August 1915, who passed away, aged 21, in a London nursing home. Fitzhardinge, in his biography of Billy Hughes in the Australian Biographical Dictionary advises that Dame Mary, “by her social gifts, tact and management, gave Hughes the domestic background he always lacked and provided precisely the feather-bedding that his restless activity and frail physique required.” The Hughes’ marriage was not always happy. Dame Mary did not get on with Billy’s children from his previous relationship with Elizabeth Cutts, who had passed away in 1906. She was also more frivolous with money than Hughes would have liked. Nevertheless Dame Mary was his constant companion, accompanying her husband during his parliamentary sessions to Melbourne and on domestic and overseas trips. It was during the overseas trips at the time of the First World War that Dame Mary became interested in the welfare of Australian servicemen and visited camps and hospitals in Britain, France and Australia. The honour of Dame Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire was conferred on her, in the New Years honours of 1922, for her charitable and war effort work. After the war, Dame Mary continued with her charity work and became president of the Rachel Forester Hospital for Women and Children in Sydney in 1925. She was also an advocate for women’s rights. Dame Mary outlived her husband by six years. After Billy passed away, on 28 October 1952, she stayed initially at their Lindfield property. Then in September 1955 she moved to live with her niece, Miss Edith Hayes. Dame Mary Hughes died at the age of 83, at 8.30 p.m. on 2nd April 1958, at her niece’s home in Double Bay. Her funeral service was held on Saturday 5 April at 10 a.m. at St Andrew’s Cathedral, George Street, Sydney. She was interred in the Church of England section of the Marquarie Park Cemetery (incorporating Northern Suburbs Cemetery), with her husband and next to her daughter. Published resources Book Prime Ministers' Wives, Langmore, Diane, 1992 Newspaper Article Women Federation, James, Caron, 2000 Dame Mary Hughes Dies at 83, 1958 Death of Dame Mary Hughes, 1958 Resource Section William Hughes/Mary Hughes, National Archives of Australia, 2002, http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/meetpm.asp?pmId=8&pageName=wife Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Letter 1952 Nov. 27 [manuscript] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 24 April 2002 Last modified 4 May 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

3 sound cassettes (ca. 195 min.)??Carr, farmer, speaks of her birth on the land in Hay, N.S.W. while her father was away with the sheep, her education by tutors and governess unless there was a drought when they moved with their father to agistment area such as Albury, use of agistment a great deal such as access to rail transport, how the household was managed and food used, storage and cooking, how the water supply was managed domestically and for stock, the daily routine prior to World War I, the working hours and conditions of station hands, the conditions of Western Land leases, the state of pasture and timber, how they maintained their health, church services, mail and newspaper supply, how in 1928 there were drought-breaking rain but the sheep died because of grass not seen before, dengue fever and mosquitos, how rabbit plagues began in the 1930s, social life such as visiting, picnic races, balls, rabbit trappers and tramps during the Depression, how father died in 1931.??Carr speaks of her marriage in 1933 to John Carr of Moolbong, mother died in 1937, how John died accidently in 1942 leaving her with two children while they were living in the Hillston district, explains wartime property management as a widow with the use of a Land Army girl to assist, the education of her children, describes the history of that property ‘Wilga’ and the maintenance of the bores, stocking rates and pasture improvement, the motive for irrigation, how they learnt sheep management, changes in large land ownership from prior to World War II to a smaller household properties, coping with soil deficiencies, tree and pasture growth, the formation of the Western Lessees Association in the 1920s and the agitation to extend leases beyond 1943 and promoted the idea of a large ‘living area’, government responses to this idea, mouse plagues. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 2 August 2017 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Margherita Stefani ran the Amalfi Boarding House and wine saloon in Kalgoorlie with her husband. Margherita Stefani migrated with her mother and her sister Maria to Western Australia in 1940. The family had waited for nine years for their father to send money for their migration. Margherita’s mother, aged 38, had four more children in the eastern goldfields mining town of Gwalia, Western Australia. Margherita was forced by her father to remain at home helping her mother with the children and do ironing and washing for single miners until she was 21 when she went to work at the Leonora Hospital as a domestic. She married ex-miner and internee Romeo Stefani in 1953. He had bought the Kalgoorlie Wine Saloon and, after changing the name to the Amalfi, he and Margherita fed, cleaned and cared for young migrant Italians, visitors to Kalgoorlie and those wanting a good home-cooked meal. Margherita worked from 4 a.m. until 9 p.m. seven days a week, leaving her little time for politics or socialising. She was assisted by her mother, who helped in the kitchen and cared for her grandchildren, her sister Maria who worked as a waitress and other married women who needed part-time work and young single girls. Margherita’s work and that of the women who assisted her was essential to the operation of the mines of the Golden Mile because the many miners without family support would not have remained in the town without it. Margherita retired to Perth in 1983 after twenty years of hard work. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Karlkurla Gold: A History of the Women of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Criena Fitzgerald and National Foundation for Australian Women, 2012, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/wikb/wikb-home.html Archival resources State Library of Western Australia Interview with Maria Guidarelli and Margherita Stefani in 2003 Author Details Criena Fitzgerald Created 7 August 2012 Last modified 4 August 2021 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Elizabeth Tindle was president of the Australian Women’s Weight Lifting Association, Adelaide 1964. She was a researcher at the UNESCO Charles Darwin Research Station, Galapagos Islands Ecuador, where she studied flamingos and flightless cormorants in 1976. She completed her doctoral thesis on Foetal Alcohol Syndrome and effects, and alcohol-related disabilities. Tindle was educated at Jarrow Grammar School 1957; London Institute of Education 1959; Adelaide University, BA and Dip Applied Psychology 1960-70s; and Queensland University of Technology, Doctor of Education 1999. She has worked as a high school teacher, 1959-70; school counsellor, 1971-76; researcher, 1976-79, 1981-83; University Lecturer, 1985-91; counselling psychologist, QUT, from 1989; and director of private practice in psychology. Tindle was awarded the Trailblazer award from the Office of the Status of Women, 1999. Published resources Newspaper Article Duo for remote island, Tilbrook, Kym, 1976 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Elle Morrell Created 14 February 2001 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Daily life and events of the people of Ernabella community. Subjects include: copy of ‘Australia Twice Travered’ by Ernest Giles; ‘Explorer’s stumps’; landscapes; remains of the Brown family home; children riding mules or hinneys; gathering and carrying spinifex; wiltjas (shelters); carrying load of wood; firelighting with woomera; hurling spears; harnessed camels; preparing for walkabout; Camp pup; Shirely Well; spinning thread; kneading damper; grinding stones – tjiwa (large) and tjungari (small); escarpment; camp scenes; camp shelters; views of the Musgrave Ranges; Kanini (sifting seeds or sand in a dish); acacia branch (used for kiti gum); plucking emu feathers; campfire; Kraal-type wiltjas (shelters); tecoma (for making spear shaft); making spear; making woomeras; kangaroo cooking; Ngintaka (perenti) goanna; silhouette of man standing in traditional pose on rock escarpment; spear heads; stone axe and stone knives; digging for witchetty grubs (maku?); digging for water; gathering mistletoe berries; milpali (small goannas); digging dishes; tjanmata (bush onion); wild fig; pitchi; grinding wakati; Witita – a fungus that grows on sandhills; honey ants; mangka milimili (hair style worn by mothers of adolescent boys); Ulpuru calling for ceremony; corroborees and ceremonies; nose peg (Septum piercing); ringkiliya – a pendant; traditional performance for the Elliotts’ farewell; childrens’ corroboree; dancing; carving lizard statues; wood carvings; MacHensley (rocky outcrop); Mount Carruthers; view of mission; mission and station buildings; community buildings – church, hospital, industrial school, airstrip, Top House (staff house), Manse garden; births; religious ceremonies including attending the opening of Flynn Church in Alice Springs with Prince Philip, creating artwork and displaying artwork at many Australian regional shows, winning awards for craft work, housing construction, children attending bilingual school; art; craft; artefacts; bush foods; mission areas; portraits; social activities Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 November 2017 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This collection consists of the following five record series. You may navigate to a more detailed description of each series.?1. Talks, articles and research notes, 1861-1907?2. Poems, date unknown?3. Correspondence, 1856-1909?4. Newspaper cuttings and proofsheets, 1876-1907?5. Printed material concerning the South African War, 1899-1902 Author Details Clare Land Created 19 December 2001 Last modified 27 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Canberra Mothercraft Society (CMS) was established in 1929, one of many women’s organisations at the time which formed around the National Council of Women in the Australian Capital Territory to meet the needs of public servants being transferred to the new capital city, and of workmen engaged in building it. Canberra had been proclaimed capital of Australia on 12 March 1913 by Lady Gertrude Denman, wife of the then Governor-General. Initially the CMS provided its first mothers and babies health service in the same central Canberra premises housing the national newspaper, the Canberra Times. From these premises, visiting clinics were organised at workers encampments in the newly developing suburbs. Later the CMS also operated Canberra’s first crèche. The growth of Canberra was slowed during the Great depression of the 1930s, and during World War II, but the CMS continued to provide its services in partnership with the relevant Commonwealth Government agency, the Department of the Interior. After World War II the Federal Government under Prime Minister Robert Menzies acted decisively to speed the growth of the national capital, and many more Federal agencies, with their staff, were transferred from other Australian cities to Canberra. As Canberra’s population grew, so grew the need for services for mothers and babies. To mark the coronation in 1953 of Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II, a public appeal in Canberra raised funds to build a post-natal residential care service in central Canberra on land donated by the Department of Territories. The building was opened in 1953 by the wife of the Prime Minister, Mrs (later Dame) Pattie Menzies. Subsequently, the Commonwealth Department of Health through its territorial administration took on increased responsibility for the provision of infant welfare services. After self-government was granted to the Australian Capital Territory in 1989, the ACT Health department took over responsibility for child health services and clinics, and continued to work in partnership with the CMS in the operation of the QEII. Children’s day care services became more commonly provided through a range of community based and commercial agencies as the Commonwealth provided financial support for child day care services from 1972 onwards, accelerating after 1975. In 1999 the Territory Government provided a new building in Curtin, by now the demographic centre of Canberra, for the operation of the QEII under the aegis of the Canberra Mothercraft Society. This entry was researched and written by Marie Coleman Published resources Book The Mothering Years: The Story of the Canberra Mothercraft Society 1926-1979, Crisp, Helen and Rudduck, Loma, 1979 Report Annual general meeting, Canberra Mothercraft Society, 1994 Annual report, Canberra Mothercraft Society, 1995 Constitution of the Canberra Mothercraft Society, Canberra Mothercraft Society, 1935 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Helen Crisp, 1939-1983 [manuscript] ACT Heritage Library HMSS 0043 Canberra Mothercraft Society Records Author Details Elle Morrell Created 9 February 2001 Last modified 19 February 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Papers of the Mayo family comprising correspondence, biographical notes, addresses, papers relating to Mothers and Babies Health Association, St. Ann’s College and the Australian Federation of University Women of Dr Helen Mayo, correspondence, biographical notes, addresses and publications of Professor Elton Mayo, papers relating to John Christian Mayo, correspondence of Sir Herbert Mayo and papers of Mary Penelope Mayo. Author Details Clare Land Created 9 December 2001 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Solly speaks of her family background ; family life and home ; school and childhood memories ; local area and community in Perth ; relatives ; family lifestyle ; religion ; the death of her mother ; lifestyle with father ; business college ; employment experiences ; joining the army ; sex education ; recreation and entertainment ; social life ; living conditions ; contact with Aborigines and migrants ; memories of the 1930s ; sport.??Recording is accompanied by a typewritten response by Solly to a questionnaire from the 1938 project concerning death. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 September 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Olga Masters began work as a journalist aged fifteen. Her passion was for human interest stories over and above the drama of front page news. Over the course of her thirty-year career in journalism, Masters also produced three novels, several unpublished plays, and two collections of short fiction. She won nine prizes for her short fiction including the prestigious award of the South Pacific Association for the Study of Language and Literature, shared with Elizabeth Jolley. Masters’ first collection of stories, The Home Girls, was published in 1982 when she was 63 years old, and won a National Book Council award. Olga Masters was raised on the southern coast of New South Wales, between Bega and Moruya. She left school early to help at home, and took on a cadetship with the Cobargo Chronicle. In 1937 she moved to Sydney, where she worked as a shorthand typist and copywriter in advertising for radio. She married schoolteacher Charles Masters in 1940, and, while raising her seven children, lived in a number of small towns in New South Wales. In Lismore she worked as district correspondent for the Northern Star. In the mid-1960s, Masters returned to Sydney. With her children grown, she recommenced her journalistic work in earnest, writing for the St George and Southerland Shire Leader (1966-1969), Liverpool-Fairfield Champion (1968-1971), Land (1969-1971), Manly Daily (1971-1977, then 1979-1983), and Sydney Morning Herald (1984-1986). In 1983, she received a grant from the Literature Board of the Australia Council which allowed her to venture further into fiction writing in the last years of her life. Masters was fascinated by the study of human nature and derived most enjoyment from writing about people and organisations: weddings, births, deaths, fundraising events, sports days, community groups, concerts. Her biographer, Deirdre Coleman, notes that Masters lived through a time of dramatic change in the structure and dynamic of the Australian family: ‘the lives of women past and present, within the home and outside it, form the principal subject matter of much of her journalism and fiction’. At the Herald, Masters was employed to write the regular ‘Style’ column for women. Here she broadened her scope, discussing everything from writing, reading, art, housekeeping, fashion, etiquette, domestic economy and family dynamics, to the role of women in wartime. Masters used the column to observe, to reflect, and to provoke. With her trademark irony and dry humour she produced a number of pieces on the unjust lot of women including ‘Never fear, housewives – he’s here’, and ‘Don’t forget, mothers are human beings too’: ‘If you read every book on child bearing and rearing from any that came out with the First Fleet through Doctor Spock to the new ones like Making Love After Birth‘, wrote Masters in September 1985, ‘nowhere will you find it stated that part of a woman’s brain comes away with the afterbirth’. In her August 1985 column, ‘War gave women a first taste of liberation’, Masters noted: ‘It is true that war shapes our lives. Perhaps truer to say it reshapes them. Truer perhaps of women than men’. She reflected on the change in women since the Second World War: Not only were we [women] naïve by today’s standards, but downright ignorant. Jogging was something we did when the butcher was selling sausages without asking for meat coupons. Heroin would have sounded like the name of a bird. We never knew of a child dying of cancer. The pill was taken for constipation. Gay was the way we felt most of the time, even while twenty-two thousand Australian men and women were prisoners of the Japanese. Olga Masters’ reporting displayed a sympathy with the thoughts and feelings of ordinary people. According to her son, Chris Masters, her career began ‘not when her first book was published, but when she started taking an interest in her neighbours’. She died in 1986, aged 67. Events 1934 - 1986 Published resources Edited Book Olga Masters Reporting Home: Her writings as a journalist, Coleman, Deirdre, 1990 Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 20 November 2007 Last modified 5 September 2012 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Joan Heenan studied law in Western Australia in the 1930s, moving to Kalgoorlie after her marriage in 1937. She was a partner in the Heenan and Heenan law firm, and was the only permanent lawyer in Kalgoorlie during the war years. She is particularly remembered for her assistance to Italian internees during this period. Joan Heenan was born in Fremantle in 1910 to Jessie Grace Townsend, a nurse, and Ezekial Benoni McKenna, an accountant for Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR). Joan’s maternal grandfather was Mayor of Bulong and her paternal grandfather a police inspector in Kalgoorlie, so she had familial links to the goldfields. Jessie McKenna volunteered to return to nursing in Fremantle during WWI, setting up the 8th AGH, for the wounded from Gallipoli, so Joan spent time being cared for by her paternal grandparents. She completed her schooling at Sacred Heart Convent in Highgate, where the nuns encouraged their pupil’s ambitions. As Joan recalled in an interview in 1989 the idea was ‘…if you had ability…you should use it’. She studied Arts at the University of Western Australia (UWA) in 1927 and after graduation in 1930 worked as a primary school teacher. After experiencing teaching and deciding it was not for her, she enrolled to study Law at UWA in 1931, completing articles with O’Dea and O’Dea, staying with the firm until December 1936. Some firms in Perth would not engage women lawyers, so it was not easy to find a firm at which was willing to allow a woman complete articles. Despite the Depression there was plenty of work at O’Dea and O’Dea, who were at that time acting for prominent goldfields identity Claude de Bernales. Joan married Eric Heenan on 14 January 1937 and moved to Kalgoorlie. Eric had already been elected as Labor MLC for the North East province in 1936, taking in areas of what were then the Kalgoorlie and Murchison gold mining districts. Joan moved immediately into the ‘…midst of a very busy legal practice’ at Heenan and Heenan Law firm in Kalgoorlie as well as being closely involved in his electoral campaigns. She assisted her husband in court and carried out other legal work in the office. When war was declared, many men enlisted and Joan remained the only permanent lawyer in Kalgoorlie. Work in Kalgoorlie, which she described as a ‘man’s town’, was a formative experience for her. Joan’s clients were the workingmen and women of Kalgoorlie, and she is particularly remembered for her assistance to Italian internees during WWII. Although elections were postponed during the war she remained involved in the electorate and she encouraged her clients and local residents to enrol to vote. A son Eric was born in 1945. After his birth, Joan worked spasmodically at the Kalgoorlie offices and in 1950 the family moved to Perth, ‘…Kalgoorlie was no place for a woman’, and for her son’s education. She purchased new practice premises in 70 St Georges Terrace and with her husband’s encouragement, set up EM Heenan & Co, in Perth and also became the agent for the Kalgoorlie firm Heenan, Hartrey & Co. Eric continued to travel and work in the Parliament in Perth and in his Kalgoorlie electorate and legal practice. He left politics in 1968 but continued to practice law. In 1983 the family practice merged with Northmore Hale Davey and Lake and Joan continued to practice law until her retirement in 1991. She died in Perth January 2002. Published resources Site Exhibition Karlkurla Gold: A History of the Women of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Criena Fitzgerald and National Foundation for Australian Women, 2012, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/wikb/wikb-home.html Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources State Library of Western Australia [Interview with Joan Heenan] [sound recording] Author Details Eric Heenan Created 6 August 2012 Last modified 21 September 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Whilst initially of fundamentally religious character — inherited from founding principles (i.e. Emma Robarts’ Prayer Union founded 1844) – the Young Women’s Christian Association of Melbourne (YWCA of Melbourne) began as other Young Women’s Christian Association’s – predominantly in response to urbanisation and the particular challenges this posed for women (particularly working women). The Association’s life span (before a name change in 1999) saw that focus shift in concert with changing economic and social issues; from urban challenges, to suburban ones and finally to state wide issues (hence the name change to Young Women’s Christian Association Victoria). The Melbourne YWCA held its first official meeting on April 1 1883, with some encouragement (and very little financial support) from the Melbourne Young Men’s Christian Association. Forming some 3 years after the Sydney Young Women’s Christian Association (Sydney YWCA) became the first permanent representative of the organisation in Australia (there had been a Geelong association as early as 1872, however this collapsed from lack of membership in 1878), the Melbourne association began with a less economically driven objective to that of Sydney: “the spiritual, intellectual and social improvement of young women” was the original Melbourne objective, as opposed to Sydney’s explicit “a Home for women and girls who need it [and then] rooms [for] classes and meetings …[and then a] library”. This early objective, suggesting a favouring of the ‘spiritual’ over the physical and social wellbeing of young women, did not however preclude the Melbourne organisation from instituting a variety of practical ‘women helping women’ schemes – particularly as the urban and economic environment altered. Examples of these programs include: the Factory Girls program (instituted in 1885); the ‘Midnight Mission’ efforts (1890); the organisation as employment agency (1901); the Travellers Aid Society (1910); as well as a variety of sex and health education initiatives; and of course emergency and permanent housing (first hostel opened in 1887). In addition to these initiatives were those that encouraged sporting activity, domestic training and personal or ‘spiritual edification’. Social reform programs however, became predominant in the early 1900’s — particularly reform programs designed to address poor working conditions for women. The extent of these programs however, remained fundamentally responsive, fears for ‘politicisation’ of the organisation, keeping systemic approaches a matter of talk, rather than action. Accounts regarding this issue reveal tensions within the organisation (both at a sate and national level): see for example the resignation of Jean Stevenson from the National Young Women’s Christian Association in 1924/25 (Melbourne association General Secretary 1915-1919). This early tension, similar in scope to that between the exclusivity / inclusivity of the word ‘Christian’ within the organisation’s title, and also in the organisations approach to ‘non-white’ social issues, can be seen as defining aspects in the Melbourne organisations early history. The Melbourne association responded to World Wars 1 and 2 by assisting with accommodation and food supplies (the ‘Garden Army’ for example), whilst simultaneously maintaining community services intended to ‘build up citizenship and maintain sanity’. Post 1945, the Melbourne branch shifted its focus to accommodate changing ‘demands’. Suburban sprawl for example, acted as the impetus for a variety of in-house training programs aimed at alleviating women’s isolation in suburban settings (the Home Tutor Scheme, Green Circle, the Correspondence Program etc.). Similarly, migrant employment services became a responsive and defining focus, leading to an official relationship with the Department of Immigration, instituted in 1949. The last half-decade of the 20th century saw the Melbourne association maintaining its traditional activities (and introducing several new initiatives), whilst simultaneously developing a focus on children’s services. For example, in 1970 an after school care program was established in Collingwood and in 1985 a state wide childcare placement scheme was begun. This ‘family friendly’ approach, emphasised further by the 1975 opening of the ‘Family Y’ (family accommodation), characterise the Association’s post 1970’s activities. By the late 1990’s however, the organisation began to ‘actively campaign’ for more controversial social issues (the anti – sweatshop ‘Fairwear Campaign’ and the refugee children’s service are examples). It is interesting to note that this return to earlier more controversial concerns (workplace conditions and asylum issues), directly preceded a major shift in scope for the Young Women’s Christian Association of Melbourne: in 1999 –with Rosemary Hehir as Executive Director– the association reclassified itself as Young Women’s Christian Organisation Victoria (Y.W.C.A. Victoria). Published resources Book Dinna forget : stories from real life, Booth, S. C. (Sarah Crisp), 1844-1928, 1908 The Dauntless Bunch : The Story of the YWCA in Australia, Dunn, Margaret, 1991 Y.W.C.A. 1882-1982 : Melbourne pictorial history, Durrant, Leoni, 1982 Thesis The Mother's anxious future : Australian Christian Women's Organisations meet the modern world, 1890s-1930s, Warne, Ellen Mary, 2000 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources The University of Melbourne Archives Young Women's Christian Association of Australia Young Women's Christian Association of Australia Young Women's Christian Association of Australia Author Details Francesca Bussey Created 24 May 2004 Last modified 27 April 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

4 hours 36 minutes??Margaret Atkins was awarded an OAM in 1982 for her service to education in special education. Margaret Edith Atkins was born in 1928 at Rose Park and grew up at Kensington Park where she attended kindergarten and small private schools despite the cerebral palsy and received regular physiotherapy and speech pathology. She describes her experiences at school and the difficulties she experienced with writing and mobility. After leaving school she enrolled in a playgroup course at the Kindergarten Training College and commenced voluntary work in kindergartens. She recalls dealing with her frustration from the limitations from the disability and her determination to be as independent as possible. She describes her employment in two kindergarten positions where she was successful in organising extracurricular activities and developing good relationships with the children’s parents. She later worked as an equipment maker for the Kindergarten Union and designed and made toys. Margaret later decided to return to study social work at university but was initially refused entry to the course at Adelaide University. She describes the circumstances surrounding her entry into the course and the new difficulties she faced in being allowed to tape lectures and write exams and lecture notes and managing the physical environment although she was able to get finance from the Commonwealth Rehabilitation Centre to complete her studies. Margaret talks further about her university studies and completing a Bachelor of Arts with Honours majoring in psychology. Margaret gained a full-time teaching position with the Education Department as a teacher of intellectually handicapped children and was also supervised by the Department’s psychologist to allow her to gain membership of the Australian Psychological Society. Margaret was employed at the Woodville Special School where she developed innovative teaching methods and designed equipment. During her career she held positions as Deputy Head at Strathmont Centre for Intellectually Retarded Children, Head of Barton Terrace and Kings Park special schools, and then in 1975 the Ashford Special School. Margaret recalls other activities and hobbies she was involved in outside of the school such as swimming and horse riding. She goes on to explain the circumstances surrounding her retirement on the grounds of invalidity in 1977 that led her to become a resident at the Julia Farr Centre. In 1982 Margaret was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for her service to special education. While living at the Julia Farr Centre Margaret was funded by the Centre to undertake research into leisure activities for the residents and was able to travel overseas. After her health improved Margaret felt that she needed to return to a more home-like environment and was able to move to an aged care facility. She then became very active in community activities and events, WEA and University of the Third Age. Margaret continues to talk about the difficulties facing people with disabilities and particularly in social situations, discrimination and isolation. She then recalls the circumstances in 1996 that led her to require further operations and necessitated she move to another aged care facility. She talks about the stereotyping and stigma attached to people in aged care facilities and how she has lived with disability. She talks about how her life has been spent overcoming discrimination and how she has maintained a positive attitude through her life. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 4 May 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Jacobena Angliss was appointed to the Order of the British Empire (Dames Commander) on 1 January 1975 for community and welfare services. She had previously been awarded a CBE on 9 June 1949 for her work as President of the Victorian Child Welfare Association. Daughter of Jacob and Frances (née Ladhams) Grutzner. Jacobena Grutzner married butcher and meat exporter William Charles Angliss (1865-1957) at St Columb’s Church, Hawthorn, on 31 March 1919. They had one daughter, Eirene Rose. Jacobena’s husband, William Angliss (who was knighted in 1939) was a member of the Legislative Council of Victoria between 1912 and 1952, had wide experience in industry management and accumulated great wealth through the establishment of a number of pastoral companies. In his will, he set aside £1 million for the creation of a charitable trust. Lady Angliss, who was also involved with several charity organisations, became chairman of the trust. Along with being the trustee of the William Angliss Estate she was chairman of the Bluff Downs Pastoral Company and Miranda Downs Pty Ltd. A member of both the Lyceum and Alexandra clubs in Melbourne, Lady Angliss enjoyed gardening and music. She was president of the Astra Chamber Music Society and director of the National Memorial Theatre. In 1975 she was appointed to the Order of British Empire (Dames Commander). Lady Jacobena Angliss died on 10 November 1980 and was buried in Box Hill cemetery with her husband. Her grand daughter, Diana Gibson (nee Knox), is today a prominent Victorian philanthropist and Chairwoman of the William Angliss Charitable Fund. Published resources Book Sir William Angliss : an intimate biography, Angliss, J. V. (Jacobena Victoria), Lady, 1897-1980, 1960 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Resource Section Angliss, Sir William Charles (1865 - 1957), Beever, E.A, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A070073b.htm Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Dame Jacobena Angliss, Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Anne Heywood Created 24 April 2002 Last modified 20 April 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

[Red Cross Archives series reference: V01]??Comprises newspaper press clippings relating to Australian Red Cross activities from Victorian metropolitan and country newspapers since its establishment in 1915. Early articles were published by the Australian Red Cross as a form of public accountability respecting financial donations and subscriptions to appeals. As the organisation became established it continued to produce content, but increasingly it was created by press agencies themselves.??This series provides an account of the activities of the ARC in war, peace and as it responds to national and international conflicts and humanitarian emergencies. It also documents the changing role and focus of the organisation over time. As the Victorian Division is in the same state as the National Office, it should be noted this series documents the Red Cross at a National and International level rather than exclusively the Victorian Division.??This series has been created by pasting newspaper press clippings into volumes, annotating the date and source. These volumes are compiled into country, suburban, metropolitan newspapers and ordered chronologically. Occasionally there are dedicated volumes to POWs, AIDS, Ethiopia and World Disasters. After 1989 newspaper cutting, or photocopies of newspaper cuttings, were collected into folders. There is an index of topics for 1990-2000. The series is incomplete as newspaper cuttings between 1921 and 1935 are not held by either UMA or ARC. See also ‘Media Releases’ (2016.0056)??Researchers should note that under the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 protections govern the use of the Red Cross emblem. For further information see Archives staff. Author Details Stella Marr Created 9 August 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Oral History interview conducted by Carmel Rose for the North Shore Historical Society. Held in the Stanton Library in North Sydney.??Interview conducted in 1996. Created 7 September 2021 Last modified 7 September 2021 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Minute books of the Kyancutta Branch of the S.A. Country Women’s Association, 1936-1958 (5 volumes). Author Details Jane Carey Created 7 May 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Bendigo, VIC. 1957-05. Two members of the Women’s Royal Australian Army Corps (WRAAC), attached to the Royal Australian Survey Corps, working on topographical survey maps. Note the Army Headquarters badges on their right arms. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 April 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The ephemera collection contains documents of everyday life generally covering publications of fewer than five pages. These may include: advertising material, area guides, booklets, brochures, samples of merchandise postcards, posters, programs, stickers and tickets. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 November 2017 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Joan Forrest Gardner took up a position at the Department of Bacteriology (now known as the Department of Microbiology and Immunology) at the University of Melbourne in 1953. During her extensive career, she taught and researched in the areas of sterilisation, disinfection and infection control. Joan established and lectured in advanced training courses for infection-control nurses and the staff of hospital sterilising departments. She also played an important role in the establishment of standards for sterilisers and other related hospital equipment. She was an Honorary Life Member of what is now the Sterilising Research Advisory Council of Australia. In June 1992 Joan was declared an Officer of the Order of Australia. Joan Forrest Gardner came from a distinguished scientific family. Her uncle was Howard Florey, who shared the 1945 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, her father served as a medical officer during the First World War and practised as a physician until his untimely death in 1928 and her mother, Hilda Josephine Gardner, a brilliant medical student, became one of Melbourne’s foremost haematologists.[1] Joan Gardner also had a brilliant undergraduate career, taking honours in most of her subjects. She took her BSc in 1940 and MSc in microbiology with a thesis on coenzymes the following year. On a part-time research scholarship from 1941 to 1946, she investigated enzymes in wheat flour in the Department of Biochemistry after which she left for the Dunn School of Pathology at Oxford University, from which she took her DPhil and published two papers in the British Journal of Experimental Pathology.[2] Back in Melbourne in 1953, Joan Gardner took up an appointment in the then Department of Bacteriology, now the Department of Microbiology and Immunology and began a long period of teaching and research in sterilisation, disinfection and infection control. As well as writing two books on the subject with Sydney Rubbo and Margaret Peel, she established and lectured in advanced training courses for infection-control nurses and the staff of hospital sterilising departments.[3] She also played an important role in the establishment of standards for sterilisers and related hospital equipment. Her work was recognised by being declared, in June 1992, an Officer of the Order of Australia. She was also an Honorary Life Member of what is now the Sterilising Research Advisory Council of Australia. Outside her professional life Joan Gardner had many interests. She was a member of the Handknitters’ Guild and a longstanding supporter of the Lort Smith Animal Hospital. She was also especially interested in the riggings and sails of the different types of sailing ships. One of her obituaries mentions that as a child she liked to go to the docks and watch the movement of the ships in and out of the Port of Melbourne. [4] [1] ‘Hilda J. Gardner, MB BS’. British Medical Journal. 13 June 1953: 1336-1337. [2] Joan F. Gardner. ‘An Antibiotic Produced by Staphylococcus aureus‘. British Journal of Experimental Pathology. v. 30 no. 2(Apr 1949): 130–138; Joan F. Gardner. ‘Some Antibiotics Formed by Bacterium coli.’. British Journal of Experimental Pathology. v. 31 no.1(Feb 1950): 102–111. [3] Sydney D. Rubbo and Joan F. Gardner. A Review of Sterilization and Disinfection as Applied to Medical, Industrial and Laboratory Practice. London: Lloyd-Luke, 1965; Joan F. Gardner, Margaret M. Peel. Introduction to Sterilization and Disinfection. Melbourne: Churchill Livingstone, 1986 (2nd edition 1991; 3rd edition 1997). [4] ‘Leader in the fight against infection’. Prepared by Dr Margaret Mary Peel with assistance from Joan’s cousins, John (Jack) Sunter of Melbourne and Elizabeth Shephard of Adelaide. Age: January 17, 2014. http://www.theage.com.au/comment/obituaries/leader-in-the-fight-against-infection-20140116-30xmf.html Published resources Book 40 Years 40 Women: Biographies of University of Melbourne Women, Published to Commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the International Year of Women, Flesch, Juliet, 2015, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/4040/ Author Details Juliet Flesch Created 31 July 2017 Last modified 14 May 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 hr??Discussing joining the Voluntary Aid Detachment; training; assignment to the 2/5th Australian General Hospital; change to AAMWS; nursing in New Guinea; contact with American servicemen in Papua New Guinea; nursing POWs; uniforms; working conditions; use of drugs for skin diseases; leisure.??Oral history?audio cassette; TDK D60; two track mono Author Details Anne Heywood Created 22 July 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1983-1984; ‘Selected Poems – Pamela Brown’ Includes correspondence with Helen Garner, 8 May 1984, Kate Jennings and Pamela Brown (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1991-1992; ‘Body Lines [: A Women’s Anthology]’ Includes 4 colour photoprints (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1983; ‘Changing Voices – Victoria Foster’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1986-1987; ‘Claudia’s India – Irene Coates’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1984-1991; ‘Contracts – Gen[eral]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1976, 1983-1984; ‘The Dollmaker – Harriet [Harriette Simpson] Arnow’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1989-1990; ‘Dragon and Shadow Lunar Diary [Published by Dragon and Amazon, Hindmarsh, S.A.]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1989-1990; ‘Dragonshadow [by Rachael Bradley]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1985-1987; ‘The Dying [by Peg Job]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1986-1991; ‘Easy Come Easy Go [by Pam May (Pam May Nilan)]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1988-1992; ‘Give Me Strength [: Italian Australian Women Speak]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1983-1984; ‘Home Was Here – Mary Lang’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/7)?1992-1996; ‘Horror’ concerning Shrieks: A Horror Anthology (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1992-1996; ‘Illicit Passage – Alice Nunn’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1990-1994; ‘Jessie Street [: Documents and Essays]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1986; ‘Luxury [by Kate Llewellyn]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1987-1992; ‘Luxury’, with reader’s report of Growing Up in Australia (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1989-1990, 1993; ‘Mirrors [: Redress Novellas]’, with contracts for Shrieks (1993) (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1983-1984; ‘Mother’s Day – Leone Sperling’ Includes colour slides (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1987-1989; ‘Novella [Anthology] Correspondence (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1985-1986; ‘Occasional Visits [compiled by Catherine Chinnery]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1989-1993; ‘Performances [by Maurilia Meehan]’ Includes 3 silver gelatin photoprints (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/8)?1987-1992; ‘Private Party – Veronica Coopman-Dewis’ Includes 4 colour photoprints (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1983-1984; ‘Queenie – Pat Richardson’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1984-1989; ‘Room to Move – Suzanne Falkiner’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1989-1990; ‘Science Fiction Anthology / Never Published’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1988-1990; ‘SS [Speculative Science] Fiction [Anthology]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1983-1984; ‘She Moves Mountains – Colleen Burke’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1991-1993; ‘Song Book [The First Australian Women’s Song Book by Kerith Power][Not published]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/9)?1994-1996; ‘Spectrum [: A Bibliography of Women in Australia 1945 to the Present by Gisela Kaplan’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1987-1996; ‘200 Australian Women [edited by Heather Radi]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1985-1988, 1994; ‘Up From Below – Poetry Anthology [edited by Irene Coates, Nancy J. Corbett and Barbara Petrie]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1987-1995; ‘Vida’s Child [by Freda Galloway]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1977, 1983-1985; ‘Welou, My Brother [by Faith Bandler]’ Includes 4 colour slides (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1991-1993; ‘Who Do You Think You Are ? [edited by Karen Herne, Joanne Travaglia and Elizabeth Weiss]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1991-1994; ‘Who Do You Think You Are ?’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1988-1990; ‘Women Engineers [: 21 Professional Engineers talk to Joan Bielski]’ (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10)?1984-1991; ‘Your Hills Are Too High [:An Australian Childhood by Roslyn Taylor]’ Includes 16 photonegatives, 4 silver gelatin photoprints and a proof sheet (Call No.: ML MSS 6308/10) Author Details Clare Land Created 24 September 2002 Last modified 31 October 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Copies of correspondence and other papers relating to the publication “Survival In Our Own Land”, and the problems encountered; as well as research notes and bibliographic material used for a film script commissioned by the Art Gallery of South Australia on Women Artists of Australia (boxes 26-30). Series 1 (interviews) can be located on the database by doing a number search on PRG 824. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 March 2018 Last modified 6 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 9154 comprises the “Application by Nurri Arnold Williams on behalf of the Ngunnawal people for a determination of native title for land in the Australian Capital Territory”. The applicant’s submissions and evidence includes information prepared on behalf of the New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council: 1. Ngunnawal native title claim historical overview, a selection of primary sources for Namadgi and the Ngunnawal, and Ngunnawal genealogies by Ann Jackson-Nakano. 2. Statement of evidence of the claimant, Nurri Arnold Williams. 3. Archaeological overview of Namadgi and other areas included in the submission by Steven Avery. The collection also includes Ann Jackson-Nakano’s thesis (1 fol. Box).??The Acc99.076 instalment comprises articles, 1978-1979, photographs and photograph albums, magazines, booklets, notebooks, research material, drafts, and other papers including personal papers from Jackson-Nakano’s time in Japan (8 cartons, 1 fol. Box).??The Acc00.138 instalment consists of further papers (1 box).??The Acc07.152 instalment includes correspondence, research material, media clippings and publications relating to indigenous history and issues. In addition, there is a copy of Jackson-Nakano’s book Ngambri ancestral names: for geographical places and features in the Australian Capital Territory and surrounds (2005) (8 boxes).??The Acc08.116 instalment includes correspondence, research material, publications relating to indigenous history and issues, and speeches for Matilda House (4 boxes).??The Acc08.145 instalment comprises research material on Ngunnawal family histories and sources in relation to the Ngambri (Kamberrai), Pajong and Wallabalooa. There is also correspondence, copies of birth, death and marriage records, articles and notes (2 boxes).??The Acc09.153 instalment includes research notes, publications, press clippings, ephemera and correspondence relating to the Ngambri people, and to Pajong and Wallabalooa families at Pudman and Blakeney Creeks (2 boxes). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 March 2018 Last modified 6 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Blanche Isobel Merz nee Chidzey took her BSc from the University of Melbourne in 1941. Born in Northcote, she came to the University from University High School where she had won an Honours certificate in her final year and was awarded a 1938 non-resident Exhibition worth £10 from Queen’s College. In deference to her father’s wishes she did not take up the place she was offered by the Faculty of Medicine, studying Science instead, with a view to a career in teaching. Armed with majors in Physics and Pure Mathematics as well as her Diploma of Education, she travelled to Glasgow as an exchange teacher in 1948. She was followed to Britain by Kurt Merz whom she had known in Melbourne and they were married in the crypt of Canterbury Cathedral by Hewlett Johnson, the ‘Red Dean’ in 1950. Both Blanche Merz and her husband were active politically. Kurt Merz, born in 1921, was a refugee from Austria who had arrived in Australia in 1939 and was a member of the Melbourne University Labor Club. He completed his degree despite being classified as an enemy alien and wrote a number of pamphlets on religion and revolution and the place of the individual in Soviet Russia. He died in 1993.[1] On their return to Melbourne, Blanche Merz taught at Mt Scopus, MacRobertson Girls’ High School and St Catherine’s School before joining the staff of the University’s Faculty of Architecture and Building. In 1959, she gave a paper to the Mathematical Association of Victoria which was published in Master Classes in Mathematics, on the history of mathematical notation from the ancient to the relatively modern notations of the last three or four centuries.[2] Although she was initially appointed to contribute to the development of courses in mathematics and environmental science under the direction of Professor Brian Lewis and Elizabeth and Alan Coldicutt, Blanche Merz is best known for her work from the 1970s onwards in the physics of light and colour. She joined the Illuminating Engineering Society of Australia in 1968 and was elected its first female Fellow in 1987. She delivered several papers on the subject of colour at its meetings, the last in 2003. [1] See Pamphlets held in the Communist Party of Australia and McLaren Collections in Special Collections. http://library.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/1687503/CPA-Pamphlets.pdf [2] W.M. Stephens (Ed.) Master Classes in Mathematic. Melbourne: Mathematical Association of Victoria, 2006 Published resources Book 40 Years 40 Women: Biographies of University of Melbourne Women, Published to Commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the International Year of Women, Flesch, Juliet, 2015, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/4040/ Author Details Juliet Flesch Created 31 July 2017 Last modified 7 August 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

24 min?Oral history?audio cassette; TDK AD60; two track mono Author Details Anne Heywood Created 21 July 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The MS 9601 collection comprises correspondence, drafts, speeches, photographs and papers relating to the Aboriginal land rights and environmental causes Rachel Cleland supported in Australia (63 boxes).??The Acc01.001 instalment includes files of papers, diaries and notebooks, “rare books” and tapes (11 boxes).??The Acc02.053 instalment comprises correspondence, family letters, drafts, speeches, reviews, photographs and photograph albums, files relating to the Save the Forests campaign and the Kimberley Land Case (12 boxes).??The Acc02.225 instalment includes papers that document Rachel Cleland’s life and the many organisations with which she was involved (8 boxes).??The Acc04.302 instalment consists of 20 cassettes and three movie films (1 box).??The Acc05.024 instalment comprises correspondence between Rachel Cleland and her family (1 large carton). Author Details Clare Land Created 10 September 2002 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Summers speaks about the first time she met the artist Keith Looby; her reaction to the suggestion that he paint her portrait; she describes Looby’s technique to painting her portrait using photographs and sketches that he made of her; she describes what the portrait looked like in the early stages and how it changed each session; her opinion as to why Looby painted McGuinness in the background of the painting; discusses certain aspects of Looby’s works e.g. Looby using dolls as symbols in his work and also his habit of using ambiguous titles for his paintings. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 3 April 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Born in Boulder in 1899, Amy Ruth Harvey was one of six children of gold worker Philip Harvey and his wife Alice, a dressmaker. She was educated in Boulder and at the scholarship school of Eastern Goldfields High until 1915, and then Perth Modern School. Amy trained as a teacher at the Claremont Teachers College and was sent to teach in the country near Toodyay and then to Maylands Primary School. Here she met Flora Landells and became a student at her Maylands School of Art. In 1929 Amy transferred to the Correspondence school and became involved in educational radio broadcasting. In 1937 when she married Harold Peirl she was obliged to resign, as married women were not permitted in the Education department service. She was thus able to give more time to her art and she became a china painter of some note. Amy painted in two styles, the naturalistic and the geometric. In 1947 together with Ira Forbes -Smith (painter and fabric designer) and Bessie Saunders (painter) Amy held a major exhibition at Perth’s Newspaper House Art Gallery. She returned to teaching in 1951, when there was a shortage of teachers and taught at Girdelstone and Applecross High Schools. She retired in 1963 and died in Perth in 1990. Published resources Catalogue The Wildflower Image. The Painted China of Amy Harvey : An Exhibition - the Alexander Library Building September 2 to October 8 1991, O'Brien, Phillippa, 1991 Site Exhibition Karlkurla Gold: A History of the Women of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Criena Fitzgerald and National Foundation for Australian Women, 2012, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/wikb/wikb-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Dorothy Erickson Created 2 August 2012 Last modified 12 December 2012 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Nance Haxton is a Walkley Award winning journalist who impressed the judges in 2001 with her coverage of the riots at the Woomera Detention Centre in outback South Australia. She has worked across a variety of media in both metropolitan and regional locations. Nance Haxton has little time for recent Australian feature films that represent the Australian outback as a place of fear and menace, a place where women are routinely snatched by psychopaths only to disappear into a vast, unfriendly landscape. Given her own positive experience of living and working in regional and remote locations, she is frustrated by cultural images that serve to deter women and girls from doing the same. Not a country girl herself, (Nance was born in Brisbane in 1971) she gathered many personal and professional rewards when she took on these imagined bush psychopaths in 1999 by taking the posting of ABC radio’s sole reporter in Port Augusta, South Australia. Tempting fate as she drove her four wheel drive around her patch (almost three quarters of the state of South Australia) she encountered no serial killers, just plenty of stories about people in remote and regional communities who she is proud to have given a voice. A journalist with a keen sense of social justice and the power of journalism to promote it, Nance Haxton’s award-winning career vindicates the efforts of many rural and regional based reporters whose ground-breaking work often goes unrecognised. Nance’s childhood and family life in Brisbane were happy and stable, although her brother’s intellectual disability created particular challenges for her and her parents, challenges that she has written about as a contributor to the book Siblings. Attracted to drama and performance as a youngster, she nevertheless decided she wanted to be a journalist at the age of ten and her secondary and tertiary education was geared towards achieving that aim. After completing her secondary education at Brisbane’s Somerville House in 1988, she completed a Bachelor of Business in Communications with a major in Journalism at Queensland University of Technology in 1991. She went on in 1992 to complete Honours in Communications, the first person to be chosen to do so at QUT, and graduated with a Masters in Journalism in 2001. Beginning with a cadetship with Quest Newspapers in Brisbane in 1992, Nance has worked in print and electronic media, at a local and national level, while dabbling in the arts. An accomplished vocalist and actor, Nance has also combined her career in journalism with one in the performing arts. The lead vocalist in a local jazz band, she sang the national anthem at Port Augusta’s official Australia Day ceremonies in 2000 and 2001, the same years her journalism was recognized by the Walkley judging panel. The quality of Nance’s work was first recognized while she was working for Quest Media in Brisbane when her investigation of cults on campus at the University of Queensland was recognized by the judging panel of the Queensland Media’s Hinchliffe award for suburban and regional reporting. Deciding she wanted to expand her horizons and move into the electronic media, she wrote to a number of women with national profiles seeking advice on how to implement such a move. Only one of them wrote back. Sandra Sully, a television newsreader at the time, graciously provided some advice and remains a mentor in an industry where female friendships appear to be difficult to cement and maintain. Nance successfully made the move to the electronic media when she took up the position of the ABC’s reporter in Port Augusta in 1999. Working in a one woman bureau without supervision, writing stories for television, radio and the internet, she overcame logistical issues that reporters working in metropolitan contexts could barely imagine. Despite the challenges that working independently in remote areas threw up, including the occasional bout of loneliness, Nance thrived personally and professionally in the environment. She established strong relationships with local people, indigenous and non-indigenous, and has used her position with the national broadcaster to bring their local stories to a broader audience. Her effectiveness in so doing is reflected in the range of media awards across a variety of subject matter that she has won over the last ten years. In 2000 her story about possible mining in the Gammon Ranges National Park was highly commended by the Walkley judging panel. In 2001 she was awarded a Walkley for Best Radio News Story for her coverage of the riots at Woomera Detention Centre. She received a United Nations Media Peace Award for Promotion of Aboriginal Reconciliation in 2003 for a report on the Northern Flinders ranges Aboriginal Community of Iga Warta. She received a South Australian Media Award in 2004 for the same story and another one in 2005 for the best coverage of Social Equity Affairs for a story about the fiftieth anniversary of nuclear tests at Emu Field in South Australia’s far north; the South Australian Institute of Justice also recognized this story in 2004. In the same year, the South Australian Law Society acknowledged her work as best radio reporter of the year with the Des Colquhorn Media Award. Most recently, she received awards for Best Sporting Coverage and Best Radio News and Current Affairs Reporting at the 2008 South Australian Media Awards. She was a Walkley finalist again in 2007 in the Best Radio Feature, Documentary or Broadcast Special. She is a finalist in the United Nations Peace Awards again in 2008 in the section Increasing Awareness and Understanding of Children’s Rights and Issues for her coverage of the Mullighan report into the abuse of children in state care in South Australia. Given the size of her patch, the range of stories Nance has covered is hardly surprising. She has reported on tragedies such as the Whyalla Airlines disaster and subsequent enquiry into the crash, and good news stories such as the initiative of one South Australian woman to coordinate a project that sees Australians donating bras to the help the women of Fiji. When asked to nominate her ‘favourites’ within her repertoire, the Woomera Detention Centre story rates highly because she was forced to draw upon all her resources to make it happen. Good local knowledge alerted her to the fact something was happening and where to go to find out; working independently enabled her to move quickly; a good grasp of the technology she had at hand facilitated her speedy response and the ability to accurately describe what she observes combined to produce a great scoop. The judges were impressed by Nance’s ability to not only sniff out the story but to respond with speed in such a remote location and to hit the ground running once she was there. Fifteen minutes after arriving at Woomera she had her first live cross, telling a national audience that: ‘I’m looking at the detention centre now and reports are filtering out that 80 rioters have destroyed four buildings, including the recreation building, dining room, school and ablution block, and have set fire to more. As well, they are using slingshots and spears made from fence pickets in an attempt to repel the guards. Detention centre guards have used a water cannon in an attempt to break up the group, however they are continuing to storm the perimeter fence which has a number of holes’. Nance painted a vivid picture of what was happening to detainees in the middle of the Australian desert, at a time when border and national security were staples of the Australian news diet. It is hardly surprising that a journalist should list such a news gathering and reporting tour de force as the Woomera story amongst her favourites. Another choice of favourites is perhaps a little more surprising. In 2007, Nance reported on the rise of the community ‘men’s shed’ in Australia. Her report focused specifically on the shed in Salisbury in Adelaide’s northern suburbs as a place where men might connect and ‘potter’ but was reported to a national audience via the ABC’s P.M. program. The audience response to the story was extraordinary as men and women contacted the station to determine the location of their nearest shed, or give information about the sheds in their own community. For Nance, the story was proof positive of the power of radio to bring meaningful, local stories to a national audience. Nance has moved beyond radio (she had a stint in ABC television as a researcher for Australian Story) and South Australia (moving to Broken Hill and Sydney for a period) in the course of her career. The fact that she has returned to both of them indicates the extent of her commitment to both, a commitment that is unlikely to waver. What is likely, however, is that if a young woman working on a suburban newspaper asks for her advice on how best to further her career, she will a) reply; and b) tell her to pack her bags and go remote. It has worked for her. Events 1992 - 2012 - 2012 Radio News and Current Affairs Reporting – ‘Justice system fails disabled victims of sexual abuse’, AM, PM and The World Today, ABC Radio Current Affairs 2001 - 2001 Radio News Reporting, ‘Woomera Detention Centre Riots’, Australian Broadcasting Corporation Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Article Inspiring Women in Journalism, Haxton, Nance, 2008, http://www.abc.net.au/corp/communications/access/stories/s2432534.htm Resource Section Police battle to contain detainees at Woomera Detention Centre, Haxton, Nance, 2000, http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/stories/s168422.htm Coroner overturns previous Whyalla airlines crash findings, Haxton, Nance, 2003, http://www.abc.net.au/worldtoday/content/2003/s909542.htm All Australian boys need a shed, Haxton, Nance, 2007, http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2007/s1944289.htm Bra charity giving Fiji women a lift, Haxton, Nance, 2008, http://www.abc.net.au/pm/content/2008/s2313784.htm Book Siblings: Brothers and Sisters of Children with Special Needs, Strohm, Kate, 2002 Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html Archival resources National Film and Sound Archive [ABC Radio News. 2001 : Woomera Detention Centre Riots] [ABC Radio. 2001 : Woomera Detention Centre] Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 20 November 2007 Last modified 24 November 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Collection comprises – 1 cassette – 1hr??1994; This interview deals with Jean Arnot’s involvement with the National Council of Women in Australia. She became interested in the Council when she was a member of the Koorora Club which had started as an auxiliary for St Luke’s Hospital, Sydney, and ran for 40 years. She was most influenced by Ruby Board and was persuaded to stand for the presidency in 1960. When the Council was 75 years old Jean Arnot wrote its history with the help of Doris Mitchell. The contact with Councils in other states was of great interest to her. Jean Arnot was also president of the Business and Professional Women’s Club and although she was a member of the Library Association, this gave her further opportunity to connect with other professional women. (Call No.: CYMLOH 162/1) Author Details Clare Land Created 24 September 2002 Last modified 31 October 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Elisabeth Clare Fabinyi worked as assistant secretary to the Spanish Relief Fund after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. She was also employed as a clerk at the ICI. In the 1960s she qualified as a librarian and taught briefly at Caufield Technical School. Throughout her life, Elisabeth held a lively interest in both politics and literature. Elisabeth Clare Fabinyi, nee Robinson was the daughter and granddaughter of Hansard reporters. The career of her father, Charles Herbert Palmer Robinson (1870-1945) bridged the transfer of the Commonwealth Parliament, which had sat in Melbourne since Federation, to Canberra, obliging him to commute weekly, well before the standardised railway gauge made this a relatively simple journey, between the new capital and his young family in Toorak. Her mother, Grace Robinson, took her Arts degree from the University of Sydney. Elisabeth Robinson attended several private girls’ schools and took her BA from Melbourne University in 1934. The writer Vance Palmer was a distant relative and during their undergraduate years Elisabeth was introduced to the Labor Club by Vance and Nettie’s daughter Aileen (1915-1988). After graduation she left for Europe to accompany two of her aunts one of whom, Josephine Paxton, was a painter who had studied at the Slade School of Art. Elisabeth spent time in Paris and two happy terms at the Foyer de l’étudiant attached to the University of Grenoble. On her return to Australia after the outbreak of the Spanish Civil war she worked as assistant secretary to the Spanish Relief Fund of which Aileen Palmer was President, raising money to support the republicans. She was also employed as a clerk at ICI. In 1940 she married Andrew Fabinyi (1908-1978) who had left Hungary in 1939. The first of their five children was born in 1942. Elisabeth Fabinyi lived a life dedicated to her family and the life of the mind. Her husband’s as role general manager of the publisher FW Cheshire and in bodies such as the Australian Book Publishers’ Association, the Library Association of Australia and the Australian Institute of International Affairs brought a constant stream of authors and artists to their house and Elisabeth Fabinyi’s lively interest in politics and literature were always in evidence. She qualified in the 1960s as a librarian and worked briefly at Caulfield Technical School. Always interested in other civilisations she continued to travel until late in life to Egypt, Europe, Hong Kong and Singapore, taught English to Japanese students and maintained a beautiful garden. Three of the Fabinyis’ children and one grandchild are, like their mother, graduates of the University of Melbourne. Published resources Book 40 Years 40 Women: Biographies of University of Melbourne Women, Published to Commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the International Year of Women, Flesch, Juliet, 2015, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/4040/ Author Details Juliet Flesch Created 31 July 2017 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

VAD’s march in Sydney before Lady Wakehurst. The 17th Brigade AIF is welcomed home from the Middle East in Melbourne.?1 min 21 sec?35mm – safety/b&w/sound Author Details Anne Heywood Created 22 July 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Marlene Cummins is one of Australia’s foremost blues musicians, a lifelong Aboriginal rights activist and the subject of Rachel Perkin’s 2014 documentary Black Panther Woman . Marlene Cummins was born in the Queensland town of Cunnamulla, to Guguyelandji heritage on her father’s side and Woppaburra on her Mother’s. At 17 Cummins had made her way to Brisbane and joined the Australian Black Panther Party, the first chapter in the country. The party’s ‘Ten-Point Platform Program’ led to the establishment of the Aboriginal Medical and Legal Services, a childcare program and a free breakfast program for schoolchildren. Cummins notes that the latter two programs were largely run by women. Rachel Perkin’s 2014 documentary, Black Panther Woman, depicts Cummins’ reflections on her time as a Panther, her career as a musician and radio show host, as well as her attendance at the New York International Black Panther Conference. Additionally, Cummins reveals the abusive intra-party attitudes that prevailed towards female Panthers at the time, and the pressure felt to stay silent in order to protect the Aboriginal rights movement. She has remained vocal about violence perpetrated against Indigenous women in Australia, and the double minority burden that precludes justice for these crimes. Cummins incorporates these themes and personal experiences into her first album, Koori Woman Blues, the culmination of her long career as a songwriter, saxophone player and blues musician. Cummins additionally has worked as an actor, appearing in a short film Hush for the 2007 Indigenous Film Festival, and recently in Black Drop Effect at the 2020 Sydney Festival. For more than twenty years Cummins has hosted her show Marloo’s Blues on Koori Radio. In 2009 she won the Broadcaster of the Year award for her work at the Deadly Awards. Archival resources National Archives of Australia, National Office, Canberra CUMMINS, Marlene The Black Panther Party of Australia Volume 2 CHILLY, Iris Suzanne Colleen ( aka CHILLY aka CHILE, Sue ) Volume 1 Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) Aboriginal Biographical Index Entry, Personal Subject: Cummins, Marlene. Author Details Dana Pjanic Created 13 October 2020 Last modified 16 November 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 min 22 sec?16mm/b&w/silent??More Regular Army troops flew into Hobart at the weekend to assist in the bushfire emergency, mainly on cleaning-up operations. Sixty-one of them arrived in a chartered Electra from Melbourne and among these were seventeen members of the Women’s Royal Australian Army Corps and Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps. Ninety one members of the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, were flown in by RAAF Hercules aircraft from Edinburgh, South Australia. They will take over many of the duties which have been performed by members of the Citizens Military Force, who completed their annual two week’s camp on Sunday. Among the burnt-out buildings, petrol bowsers stood with one-thousand gallons of gasoline still intact in underground tanks. The major task for the troops is on cleaning-up operations around destroyed homes and factories, like this sawmill at Bridgewater. A live hand grenade was found among the debris and later destroyed by an Army ammunition expert. Cleaning-up is a huge task even though brick chimneys are the only solid evidence that homes once stood in many of the burnt-out areas. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 April 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 hour 51 minutes??Lorna Esme Adams, nee Eames, was born in Torrensville, South Australia. She trained at the Adelaide Teachers’ College and met her future husband after taking up her second teaching post at Black Hill in 1942. In 1945 they began dairy farming at Black Hill, moving to Paracombe three years later. After their infant son died of cystic fibrosis and their older boy was also diagnosed, they decided to settle at Ponde for the drier climate. Their second son died in 1955. Lorna has had three enduring interests; the Girl Guides movement and the Country Women’s Association, both of which she has represented at State level, and the Holstein-Fresian dairy cattle stud that she and her husband developed. Lorna and her husband Jack’s surviving daughter has had nine children. Author Details Jane Carey Created 7 May 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Woman’s Christian Temperance Union of Australasia (later renamed the National Women’s Christian Temperance Union of Australia) was formed in May 1891 at a meeting held in Melbourne for the purpose of federating the existing Colonial Unions. This was probably the first interstate gathering of women’s organisations held in Australia and the Union was the first national women’s organization in the country. The first branch of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) had been formed in Sydney in 1885. Although the primary objective of the organisation in Australia, and worldwide, is the prohibition of, and/or individual abstinence from, alcohol, the Union has been involved in a broad range of social and political reform activities. It was particularly active in the campaign for women’s suffrage in Australia from the 1880s, and the National Union included a Suffrage Department from its inception. The National Union functions as a coordinating body for the various State Unions, and sends representatives to international gatherings of the World’s Woman Christian Temperance Union. While the first local Union in Australia was formed in Sydney in 1882, the growth of the WCTU in Australia was strongly influenced by visit of Mary Leavitt, the first world missionary of the American Union, who arrived in Australia in 1885 and immediately set about forming local branches. During her visit, she formed five branches in Queensland, one in New South Wales, one in South Australia and three in Tasmania. Although not all of these groups thrived, the movement was reinvigorated by visits from the American Union’s second world missionary, Jessie Ackerman, in 1889 and in the 1890s. Jessie Ackerman particularly ensured that women’s suffrage was high on the agenda in the early activities of the Australian Union. Although in some ways a conservative organisation which promoted ‘traditional’ family values and roles for women, the Union was also a progressive force in many ways. Under its broader agenda of ‘home protection’ and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, and in its belief that the dangers of alcohol could not be tackled in isolation, the WCTU pursued a wide-ranging reform agenda mostly relating to the welfare of women and children. Importantly, influenced by its sister organisation in the United States, the Union became a major supporter of the campaign for women’s suffrage in Australia as it was believed that power at the ballot box was the only way to achieve their goals. It was also an early advocate of equal pay. By 1900, the Constitution of the National Union clearly outlined how these issues were intertwined for the Union: ‘We believe in total abstinence for the individual, prohibition for the state and nation, equal standard of purity for men and women, equal wages for equal work without regard to sex, the ballot in the hands of women, arbitration between nations … [the] Holy Bible as our standard faith.’ The Union consistently encouraged women to take on an active role in public life. WCTU members generally were middle- and lower middle-class women, many from non-conformist churches, usually ‘respectable’ married women with children. While at its most influential in the years up to WWI, the movement continues today. Recent priorities for the Union include: protection of the home from alcohol and other drugs; age of consent; euthanasia; pornography; prevention of prostitution and brothels; control of violence and sex in the media; moral standards; youth unemployment; youth suicide; gambling and the social issues arising from gambling; literacy and crime; Aboriginal equality; equal opportunity for both men and women; law and the status of women; women and ageing; health issues especially in regard to foetal alcohol syndrome and foetal effects syndrome; international relations and peace; and social welfare including alcoholism and smoking addictions with women. In 2003 the total national membership was 4,000 across the Unions in each state a Circle Union in the Northern Territory. For further details of the broader activities of the WCTU see the entries for each state Union. Published resources Journal Article Gender, Citizenship and Race in the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Australia, 1890 to the 1930s, Grimshaw, Patricia, 1998 Book For God Home and Humanity: National Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Australia: Centenary History 1891-1991, Pargeter, Judith, 1995 Isabel, Harry, Millicent K. (Millicent Kate), 1991 Newsletter The White Ribbon Signal: Official Organ of the Woman's Temperance Union of Australia, 1931-1994 Our federation: Monthly official organ of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Australasia Publication Details Adelaide : , 1898-1903. Physical Description 6 v. : ill., ports. ; 28 cm., 1898-1903 Edited Book Title Pioneer Pathways: Sixty years of citizenship, McCorkindale, Isabel, 1948 Pamphlet Guard Your Race, Bromham, Ada, [1943] The Latest Prohibition Facts for poll 1st September, 1928 : vote out the liquor bar, 1928 Methods of work, Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Ackerman, Jessie A., 1893? Report Report, balance sheet and minutes of the national convention/National Woman's Christian Temperance Union of Australia, 1891- Book Section Modernity and mother-heartedness : spirituality and religious meaning in Australian women's suffrage and citizenship movements, 1890s-1920s, Smart, Judith, 2000 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Jane Carey Created 7 June 2004 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sally Bowen was an early candidate for parliamentary election. She stood for the Communist Party of Australia in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Bulli in 1953 (under her maiden name Phipps), 1962 and 1965. Sally Bowen (nee Phipps) ran for the NSW Legislative Assembly seat of Bulli three times as a Communist candidate. At the time of her two later campaigns, she was married to a miner and they had two young children. She was the Vice President of the South Coast District of the Union of Australian Women and a member of the Corimal Miners’ Women’s Auxiliary. She had played a leading roll in campaigns for local government reforms. Published resources Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 12 December 2005 Last modified 14 August 2015 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

[Red Cross Archives series reference: V51]??This series consists of unbound booklets arranged chorological from 1979 to 2007; booklets for years 1982-1984 are missing.??These booklets list the Red Cross Victorian Division regions (1-27), maps indicate these regions and the units within.?Each region lists its units (branches), and the contact details of officers-bearers. These booklets were internally distributed as a contact list for the Red Cross Victorian Division. ‘Alterations and Amendments’ to the annual book are also within some files.??Researchers should note that under the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 protections govern the use of the Red Cross emblem. For further information see Archives staff. Author Details Stella Marr Created 9 August 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 hour 27 minutes??Ene-Mai Reinpuu was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) in the Queen’s Birthday honours list, 1998, for service to the Estonian community for more than 30 years, particularly as president and honorary secretary of the Estonian Society of Adelaide, and as honorary secretary of the Council of Estonian Societies in Australia. Ene-Mai Reinpuu, nee Prima, was born in Estonia. At 12 years old she left?Estonia as a refugee with her parents fleeing the threat of Russian invasion. They arrived in South Australia in 1949. At 20 years old she married Villi Reinpuu, also from Estonia and they had two children. She works within the Estonian community in South Australia, organising and participating in the many social and cultural activities of the community, and providing support for its members. Her work has also extended to support for the independence movement in Estonia and fundraising for an Estonian National Museum. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 11 May 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

22 sound cassettes (ca. 1300 min.) Author Details Judith Ion Created 9 September 2002 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lilias Charlotte Maxwell nee Jackson was intimately connected to the University of Melbourne both before and after her marriage, although, as was typical of her time, in rather different ways. A graduate of the University of Melbourne, she married a University of Melbourne academic and their children are all Melbourne graduates. Lilias Jackson graduated BSc in 1911 and MSc the following year when she also won a Government Research Scholarship for work on fish from a nutritional perspective. In 1914, winning the University Scholarship in Physiology she was appointed a demonstrator, acting in Arthur Rothera’s position as Lecturer from August 1915 until 1919. Her scientific career was a promising one. She was elected to the Physiological Society, London in 1915, the first year in which women were admitted and published several papers.[1] In 1919 Lilias Jackson married another promising biochemist, L.A.I. Maxwell, known as Ivan and it is as Mrs Ivan Maxwell that her subsequent career was recorded. Although she left academia, Lilias Maxwell continued her involvement with the University through the Women of the University Fund and many benevolent societies concerned with the wellbeing of the troops in World War II. She was at various times President of the University Women’s Patriotic Fund, the Lyceum Club and the Catalysts. From 1935 to 1937 the family travelled in Europe. On her return, Lilias Maxwell gave lectures to organisations like Rotary and the Victorian Women Graduates’ Association on her impressions of Russia and Spain. In Russia she was especially struck by the contrasts in poverty and affluence among the people, noting that ‘in a railway waiting-room she saw a magnificent Persian rug but in shop windows she saw little attractive food or clothing’.[2] In Spain the most notable aspect was the January festivities continuing in Seville despite the Civil War: celebrating the feast of the three kings with a procession watched by a laughing crowd, which followed it into the great cathedral. Sweets were distributed to the children, and the night before the shops had been open late to sell toys for them.[3] In addition to serving on the committees of the Melbourne Hospital Auxiliary, St Andrew’s Presbyterian Hospital, the Scottish Mothers’ Union and the Parents’ National Education Union, Lilias Jackson managed two houses: ‘Narveno’ in Toorak, and ‘Rosmarin’ in McCrae. [1] Lilias C. Jackson, Leslie McNab and A. C. H. Rothera. ‘The Electrical Conductivity of Milk during its Concentration, with Suggestions for a Practical Method of Determining the End Point in the Manufacture of Sweetened Condensed Milk’. Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry. v. 33 no. 2 (31 January 1914): 59–60; William Alexander Osborne and Lilias Charlotte Jackson. ‘Counter Diffusion in Aqueous Solution’. Biochemical Journal. v. 8 no.3(June 1914): 246-249, etc. [2] ‘Suit Costs £48 in Russia: Luxury and Poverty’. Argus. 24 June 1937: 11. [3] ‘A Contrast: Spain in January, European Tour’. Sydney Morning Herald. 26 August 1936: 7. Published resources Book 40 Years 40 Women: Biographies of University of Melbourne Women, Published to Commemorate the 40th Anniversary of the International Year of Women, Flesch, Juliet, 2015, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/4040/ Author Details Juliet Flesch Created 31 July 2017 Last modified 7 August 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Daphne Phillips, Australian Women’s Land Army, interviewed by Judy Wing for The Keith Murdoch Sound Archive of Australia in the War of 1939-1945.?1 hr 58 min. Oral history. Audio cassette; TDK AR60; stereo Author Details Anne Heywood Created 21 July 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Manuscript drafts of biographical papers on the following: Anderson, Mary (11 p.); Brennan, Jennie (7 p.); Couchman, Dame Elizabeth May Ramsay (13 p.); Deakin’s daughters, Brookes and Ivy Deakin; Rivett, Stella (Deakin) Lady; White, Vera (Deakin) Lady (14 p.); Goldstein, Vida (21 p.); Holman, May (16 p.); James, Britomarte (23 p.); Lyons, Dame Enid (17 p.); Rich, Ruby (19 p.); Rischbieth, Bessie Mabel (36 p.); Sweet, Georgina (22 p.); Waterworth, Edith (16 p.); Woinarski, Gertrude Zichy- (10 p.); Young, Jeanne (10 p.). Author Details Clare Land Created 9 December 2001 Last modified 12 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS Acc01/125 comprises correspondence with galleries and museums, drafts of the National Women’s Art Exhibition catalogue, reviews, cuttings, flyers and slides (4 cartons). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 March 2018 Last modified 6 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A guide to the material is available at MG mfm G 7743.??Microfilm copy of original documents in the Mitchell Library. Author Details Clare Land Created 19 December 2001 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lady Joyce Ethel Price’s outstanding contribution to the Girl Guides both in Australia and worldwide was first recognised at a commonwealth level in 1968 when she was appointed as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). In 1977 she also received the Girl Guide Fish Award; and in 1978 her efforts were further recognised when she was appointed to the Order of St Michael and St George – Commanders (CMG). Joyce Ethel Price was born in South Australia on 8 August 1915. She attended Goolwa Primary School, Adelaide High School, and completed an MSc at the University of Adelaide in 1938. She married James Robert (Sir Robert) Price in 1940 (died 1999) and had three children: two daughters and one son. Lady Joyce was appointed as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1968 and, a decade later, in 1978, was appointed to the Order of St Michael and St George – Commanders (CMG) for her service to Girl Guides. In 1977 she also received the Girl Guide Silver Fish Award. Her longstanding commitment to the Girl Guides can be seen in a chronological listing of some of her work and committee appointments between 1938 and 1970. Events 1942 - 1944 Labour Officer, Ministry of Supply Explosives Factory, Scotland 1957 - 1960 Secretary, Australian Reading Union 1957 - 1962 Treasurer, Pan-Pacific Southeast Asian Women’s Association, Victoria 1960 - 1962 Executive Council Member UNAA, Victoria 1960 - 1970 Secretary, Australia Reading Union 1963 - 1968 State Commissioner, Girl Guides Association, Victoria 1968 - 1973 Chief Commissioner, Girl Guides Association of Australia 1972 - 1972 Chairperson of World Conferences, World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, Canada 1974 - 1979 Vice President, Girl Guides Association of Australia 1975 - 1978 Chairperson, World Committee of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts 1977 - 1977 Addressed the memorial service for the late Lady Baden-Powell, Westminster Abbey, England 2006 - 2006 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women 1978 - 1978 Chairperson of World Conferences, World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, Iran 1938 - 1940 Employee, Plant Physiology Department, Waite Agricultural Research Institute, South Australia Published resources Edited Book Who's Who of Australian Women, Lofthouse, Andrea, 1982 Who's Who in Australia 2002, Herd, Margaret, 2002 Resource Where are the Women in Australian science?, Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre, 2003, http://www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au/wisa/wisa.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Archival resources Australian Dictionary of Biography Lady Joyce Ethel Price Author Details Judith Ion Created 9 September 2002 Last modified 21 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Alice Henry was a feminist journalist and union activist who became a prominent and respected figure in the American women’s and trade union movements in the early twentieth century. Alice Henry was the daughter of Scottish born migrants to Australia who she credits with ensuring that she developed a passionate commitment to social justice issues. She received a good, progressive education but was denied access to a university education. Nevertheless, she accepted the need to support herself, so Henry first tried teaching but then turned to journalism after a serious illness. She published her first article in 1884. For the next twenty years she wrote for the Argus, the Australasian, and occasionally other newspapers and overseas journals, under her own name or a pseudonym, ‘A.L.F.’, ‘Wyuna’, or ‘Pomona’. At the age of 48 she embarked on an overseas tour which took in the United Kingdom and the United States. Unable to find work in England, she arrived in the United States in December 1905. Her knowledge of the Australian feminist and labour movements attracted the attention of the prominent reformer Margaret Dreier Robins. She invited Henry to work for the National Women’s Trade Union League of America (W.T.U.L.) in Chicago where, as lecturer, as field-worker organizing new branches, and as journalist, she became a key figure in the campaign for woman suffrage, union organization, vocational education, and labour legislation in the United States. In 1908, she began to edit the women’s section of the Chicago Union Labor Advocate, and in January 1911 became the founding editor of the W.T.U.L.’s monthly Life and Labor, where she remained as editor (working with Australian novelist Miles Franklin) until 1915. She served in a variety of ways and positions at W.T.U.L. including investigating the conditions of woman brewery workers (1910), author of The Trade Union Woman (1915), field organizer (1918-20), and director of the education department (1920-22). She returned to Melbourne temporarily in 1925 to address meetings and urge the importance of combining unionism and feminism. This visit inspired women to form an organisation similar to her own in Melbourne in July 1925, named the Women’s Trade Union League. Henry retired to Santa Barbara, California, in 1928. She returned to Melbourne in 1933 and died there ten years later. Published The Trade Union Woman, 1915 Women and the Labor Movement, 1925 Published resources Article Alice Henry Investigates, Cervini, Erica, 2000, http://fifth.estate.rmit.edu.au/November00/henry.htm Book Alice Henry : The Power of Pen & Voice The Life of an Australian-American Labour Reformer, Kirby, Diane, 1991 Getting Equal: the History of Australian Feminism, Lake, Marilyn, 1999 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Resource Section Henry, Alice (1857-1943), Kirkby, Diane, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090273b.htm Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Archival resources Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Fred Coleman-Browne - papers, including papers of his wife, Eileen Powell, ca.1871-1968 Miles Franklin - Papers, 1841-1954 National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Kate Baker, 1893-1946 [manuscript] Papers of Alice Henry, 1873-1943 (bulk 1873-1943) [manuscript] Papers of Alice Henry, 1873-1943 Royal Historical Society of Victoria Inc Alice Henry 1857-1943 - Annotated Guide Alice Henry papers State Library of New South Wales Papers relating to Alice Henry, ca. 1901-1903 Author Details Elle Morrell and Nikki Henningham Created 14 February 2001 Last modified 7 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Maude Wordsworth James was born ‘at sea’ on 19 December 1855 aboard the ship Morning Star in the Indian Ocean approximately 2,500 kilometres south west of Western Australia. Her parents, Thomas and Alicia Crabbe, had sailed from Bristol in October bound for Melbourne as unassisted immigrants. When the couple boarded the Morning Star they had 3 children. Maude was their fourth. Between 1856 and 1871 Alicia bore another 6 children. Maude spent her childhood in Victoria moving from Williamstown near Melbourne, to Portland, Dunnolly and Maryborough. She met her husband, Charles Wordsworth Scantlebury James, in Maryborough and they were married at the All Saints Church in Bendigo on 3 November 1875. Maude was aged 19 and Charles was 25. Their first son, Cyril Haughton, was born in Bendigo, Victoria in 1878. Two years later Maude bore a daughter who died when only sixteen days old. The couple moved to Hobart at some stage between 1878 and 1883 where their third child, Tristram (b. 4/3/1883) and another daughter, Yolande (b. 15/7/1889) were both born. Maude’s husband, Charles, was a civil engineer who obtained work in Kalgoorlie in 1896. After working for one of the mining companies in Kalgoorlie for almost a year he telegrammed Maude asking that she and their children join him. As the town of Kalgoorlie expanded the financial position of the James family seemed secure. Maude’s husband Charles was now employed by the Kalgoorlie Municipal Council as the town surveyor and, while they had not made a fortune, life was more comfortable than when they first moved to Mullingar. By 1907 the ‘tent’ they inhabited in 1897 was a weatherboard cottage with a separate dining room and they could afford to pay a woman to help with the household duties. However, Maude felt that they needed more money and she took it upon herself to find a means of earning an income. She conceived an idea for Australian souvenir jewellery and she designed, patented and organised for the manufacture of her ‘Coo-ee’ jewellery. Incorporating Australian fauna, flora and indigenous motifs she sold brooches, bangles, cuff links, pins and spoons which were made from Australian gold and featured tourmaline from Kangaroo Island, opals from Queensland and pearls from Broome. These designs were registered in England and New Zealand, as well as in Australia. Maude proudly pasted in her journal articles about an exhibition in Perth in December 1907 that displayed her designs and a page from the Australian Jewellery Manufacturing Gazette that advertised her ‘Coo-ee’ jewellery. Published resources Book Section Introduction, Davis, Jane Edited Book Symbols of Australia, White, Richard and Harper, Melissa, 2010 Book Gold and Silversmithing in Western Australia, Erickson, Dorothy, 2010 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Karlkurla Gold: A History of the Women of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Criena Fitzgerald and National Foundation for Australian Women, 2012, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/wikb/wikb-home.html Author Details Dr Jane Davis Created 8 August 2012 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The collection consists of research works and papers by Shineberg; files of general research material arranged by subject including Andrew Cheyne’s Trading Voyages, cargo cults, decolonisation, Fiji, French Polynesia, Hawaii, Kiribati/Gilbert Islands, pacific labour trade, Marquesas Islands, Micronesia, New Guinea, New Caledonia, Palau, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tahiti, Tonga, Vanuatu/New Hebrides; undergraduate teaching resources and lectures; correspondence, photographs, computer disks, microfilm prints, material related to Shineberg’s career, copies of archival material dating from the 18th century, card indexes and miscellaneous reprints. Author Details Maggie Shapley Created 25 July 2017 Last modified 3 October 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lesley Hall was a feminist and disability advocate who worked throughout her life to empower low income and indigenous people, and people with disabilities, to attain and assert their human rights. She dramatically increased the policy involvement of people with disabilities in Australian and international disability issues. On behalf of the Australian Federation of Disability Organisations (AFDO) she represented and involved people with disabilities in the consultation, lobbying and campaign to successfully achieve the National Disability Strategy and the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS). Lesley Hall is well known for a radical form of activism in 1981, when she and other activists stormed the stage of the St Kilda Town Hall during the Miss Australia Quest. The act has been described as ‘the first public act to place disability as a feminist issue on the agenda’. Born in the Victorian country town of Port Fairy in 1954, Lesley Hall started her schooling at the local primary school. She then attended a special school (Yooralla) and completed her secondary schooling in Altona. She graduated with a BA and Dip Ed from La Trobe University in 1973-78. Lesley’s political evolution started at school, when she became aware of the equity (or inequity) issues associated with ‘special’ schooling. The process of being segregated and institutionalised as a young teenager was limiting, indeed, harmful, on many levels. Not only was the education sub-standard, it was socially inadequate. People in so-called ‘special schools’ often did not develop the interpersonal skills they might otherwise have developed in mainstream schools. Lesley began to develop a theoretical perspective on the experience of oppression when she became involved in disability politics in the late 1970s. She met Richard Berger and Eddie Ryan, who were involved in the newly forming disability activist movement, around 1979-80 and immediately clicked with the group. They were radical in their thinking and their perspective matched her own, which was that people with disabilities should not be segregated, but should be encouraged to be part of the broader community. Very importantly, they must be able to speak for themselves. An important step towards empowerment was the establishment of the Disability Action Forum (DAF) of which Lesley was a member. The DAF was a unique organisation of people from around Victoria with disabilities, united on a regional basis – not disability specific – to speak and act on their own behalf. As a member of this forum, Lesley was instrumental, in 1981, in establishing the state’s first Disability Resource Centre (DRC) in Brunswick, a place run by people with disabilities, where people could go to find information about services and their rights under law. It was one of her first jobs in the disability advocacy sector. This activity took place in 1981, the International Year of the Disabled Person. According to Lesley, this year was ‘crucial for people understanding that people with disabilities needed to be involved in and lead projects’. There was a lot of energy, and intense focus on organising and activism. This was also a time when people with disabilities were gaining the confidence to speak for themselves in more radical, publicly confronting ways. Historically, disability support services had come under the auspices of charities, such as the Spastic Society (now Scope). This was a bone of enormous contention for disability activists, who objected to the charity perspective of support on a number of fronts. Firstly, support offered by charities was generally provided in the form of segregation, in the guise of institutional living, sheltered workshops and special schools. The charity perspective oppressed people, says Lesley, because it ‘focused on people’s deficits rather than their strengths’ and treated people as ‘objects of pity’. So an important platform of political action for disability activists was to cut the nexus between charity and service provision. Their views on the matter were highlighted in the late 1970s in Victoria by a successful campaign of public protests aimed against the Yooralla Telethon and its depiction of children with disabilities as objects of pity rather than humans with agency. There was a feminist thread to this activism. Lesley was involved in feminist politics in the 1970s which took her to the disability movement at the end of the decade. Her interest in both streams, however, reinforced in her mind the inadequacies of both. There was ‘a lot of sexism around’ in the disability movement in the early 1980s. But the feminist movement’s response to the particular needs of women with disabilities was inadequate and unsatisfying. A significant number of women with disabilities shared her frustration They established the Women with Disabilities Feminist Collective (WDFC) which offered a space where women with disabilities could go and talk about their experiences and gain strength through doing so. It was also a political action group, involved in organising protests. The Anti-Miss Victoria quest working party was one activity, but there were others organised around housing, employment and transport. WDFC was busiest in the early to mid 1980s; less so in the late 80s to early 90s, although this was a time when other organisations with a gender perspective, such as Women with Disabilities Victoria and WWDA were beginning to take shape. Lesley was involved in a set of direct action protests that highlighted the gender perspective in the critique of public representations of people with disabilities. The Miss Australia Quest was a beauty contest that since 1954 had run as a fundraiser for the Spastic Society in Victoria. Feminist activists and lobby groups for the disabled had been protesting outside national finals throughout the 1980s. The International Year of the Disabled put the spotlight on opposition to the quest. As Lesley explained, the beauty quest as a form of fundraiser for disability charities was particularly odious, given its focus on physical perfection ‘as the norm all must attain if they are to be fully accepted into society’. Lesley was among a group of feminists and disability activists who got into the venue for the 1981 event. ‘The media sprang to life as soon as soon as we got on stage,’ she says. The protests received significant press coverage and provoked a range of responses, including strong support from people within the Spastic Society and other disability charities, to criticism from people with disabilities. There was still a very conservative group that believed segregation, and therefore, the charities that supported segregated services, to be the best way of providing for people with a disability. Despite the objections from this camp, the protest marked a symbolic shift in the mode of public thinking about the place of people with disabilities in Australian society. This was accompanied by a major policy shift in Victoria, initiated by some very progressive people in government, who were listening to disability activists and beginning to ‘get’ the issues. The 1981 protest action was, arguably, the first public act to place disability as a feminist issue on the agenda. Throughout the 1980s, the WDFC continued to highlight these issues. Like the women from the DPI (A) women’s network, they began to gather a more theorised perspective on the issues confronting women with disabilities especially when it came to women’s health and the problems of domestic violence. By the early 1990s, there was some crossover between the two streams. A decade of networking and deep discussion had created an environment where women with disabilities in Victoria knew they needed to do something. Lesley became involved with Women with Disabilities Victoria in the late 1990s. Her professional work as an advocate in the development of Attendant Care action and planning brought her into contact with members of the network, such as Keran Howe. Lesley was a member of a working party that was examining the issues associated with women with disabilities gaining access to women’s refuges, a problem that Women with Disabilities Victoria and WWDA were researching at the time. She lent her support to Women with Disabilities Victoria at a time when the organisation was on shaky ground, to help them return to a stable and sustainable position. She also lent her writing skills to Oyster Grit, the breakthrough publication of stories about women with disabilities, written by women with disabilities. Lesley was keenly aware of the transformative power of the arts for people with disabilities. She worked as an Arts & Cultural Development Officer at the City of Darebin where she promoted the inclusion of people with disabilities in all their artistic opportunities. She was a member of the Art of Difference 2009 Steering Committee and on the Board of Arts Access. She previously served on the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission (VEOHRC) disability advisory committee and the Victorian Disability Advisory Council (VDAC). She also represented VDAC on the Department of Human Services Industry Advisory Group. In September 2008 she was employed as the CEO for the Australian Federation of Disability Organisations (AFDO) where she brought her experience, skills and long commitment to human rights for women, people with disabilities and indigenous people to the national and international work of AFDO. She was still working for AFDO when she passed way in 2013. Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Lesley Hall interviewed by Nikki Henningham and Rosemary Francis in the Women with Disabilities Network oral history project [sound recording] Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 19 November 2020 Last modified 27 November 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

[Red Cross Archives series reference: NO28]??Comprises draft and copies of the Constitution establishing Papua and New Guinea Division; as well as Regulations, Annual Reports, Activity Reports, Financial Statements, Workshop Reports and papers relating to Youth Voluntary Service Overseas in the Territory of Papua New Guinea.?See also records in the following series: Correspondence Files, National Headquarters (2015.0033); Australian Red Cross Royal Charter, rules and constitution (2016.0052); Awards, honours, medals, citations (2016.0053). As well as individual item: Junior First Aid for Papua New Guinea (2016.0051.00055); Australian Red Cross Society Regulations Papua New Guinea Division Adopted (2016.0052.00028); Halpim Pikinini (Helping Children) International Project Papua New Guinea (2016.0057.00012); Helping Hands: Reach out for PNG, International Project (2016.0057.00013); Official Record of the Unveiling of the Mount Lamington Memorial Popondetta Cemetery, Papua (2016.0057.00050); Gramophone recording of Papua New Guinea Red Cross Choir (2016.0077.0004)??The Papua and New Guinea Divisions was formed in 1939 and operated until the Japanese invasion in 1942. In 1949 the Australian Parliament passed legislation to unite the territories of Papua and New Guinea which meant Australia Red Cross was the governing body. Following Papua New Guinea’s independence in 1975, the Papua New Guinea Red Cross was established by an Act of Parliament (1976). Http://redcross.org.pg/??UM Archives holds a number of collections which pertain to Papua New Guinea. Enquire of our Reference Services, or search our online catalogue http://gallery.its.unimelb.edu.au/imu/imu.php?request=search??Researchers should note that under the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 protections govern the use of the Red Cross emblem. For further information see Archives staff. Author Details Stella Marr Created 9 August 2017 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Edith Anderson was the wife of New South Wales Governor, Sir David Murray Anderson, who held office for only a short time before he died in October 1936. Edith assumed many official duties on her husband’s behalf because of his continuing illness. She was appointed to The Order of the British Empire – Dames Commander on 11 May 1937 for public service in New South Wales. Edith Anderson, daughter of W H Teschemaker, married David Murray Anderson in 1908. They had no children. Her husband had a distinguished career in the British Navy before being appointed Governor of Newfoundland in 1932. Edith Anderson founded the Personal Service League in Newfoundland, which worked to relieve distress in the country. At the end of his posting in 1935, David Anderson received his appointment as Governor of New South Wales on 6 November. The newspaper report in The Sydney Morning Herald of 6 November 1935, which announced the name of the New Governor, quoted Edith’s London friends who ‘paid tribute to the social genius and delightful personality of Lady Anderson, who gives her energy and enthusiasm lavishly in social welfare work’. David Murray Anderson was sworn in as Governor in August 1936 and died on 30 October. According to a report which appeared in The Sydney Morning Herald, 30 October 1936, announcing the death of the Governor, Edith Anderson ‘won the admiration of the people of New South Wales for the manner in which she has relieved the Governor from many of his official engagements’. Published resources Resource Section Anderson, Sir David Murray (1874-1936), Naval officer and governor, Cunneen, Chris, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A070056b.htm Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 24 April 2002 Last modified 11 November 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Originally established as the Sydney Foundling Hospital in 1874, it became the Infants’ Home in 1877. It assumed responsibility for the care of infants of single mothers and destitute parents and provided a temporary home for the mothers. Its management comprised an all female Board until 1973, when the first male joined. It was the first organisation to move from residential care to long day care in the early 1970s and the third family day care scheme to commence operations in New South Wales. The Family Centre of Early Intervention commenced in 1978. The members of the first committee comprised Mrs E B Parnell, President, Mrs Julia Bensusan, Secretary, Mrs G F Wise, Treasurer, Mrs (later Lady) E Deas Thomson ( daughter of Governor Bourke and wife of the Colonial Secretary), Lady Murray, Mrs Henry Moore, Mrs Fischer, Mrs Alexander, Mrs Holt, Mrs John Smith and Mrs St John. Mrs John Eales, Mrs Goodenough and Mrs Dumaresq joined in the first year. Rules for admission to the institution were laid down by July 1874. They required firstly for each application to be dealt with on its merits; secondly, for the infant to be no older than three months; thirdly for the mother to produce satisfactory evidence of her previous respectability and fourthly there had to be proof that the father had deserted the baby and be beyond the reach of the law to enforce him to support it. Published resources Book Betrayed and forsaken: the official history of the Infants' Home, Ashfield, founded in 1874 as the Sydney Foundling Institution, Lorne-Johnson, Susan, 2001 Journal Happenings at Home, 2001- Pamphlet Infants' Home Ashfield: constitution and rules, Infants' Home (Ashfield, NSW), 1993 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Infants' Home (Ashfield, N.S.W.) records, 1874-1966 Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 21 May 2004 Last modified 30 April 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Lina Furia owned and ran the Cornwall Hotel in Boulder with her husband Charlie Furia and her son Jack Osmetti from 1926 -1970. Lina Robustellini migrated to Western Australia in the early 1900s. Her first husband Jack Osmetti was killed on the Golden Horseshoe Mine and she supported her family by running a boarding house. In 1924 she married Charlie Furia and using the compensation money paid out after the death of Jack Osmetti, they purchased the Cornwall Hotel in Boulder. Young migrant miners stayed at the Cornwall, and dances were held for the community every Saturday. During the Kalgoorlie riots in 1934 the Cornwall was among many buildings belonging to migrants which were burnt down. Lina continued to sell alcohol to her customers and operated a bar from a corrugated iron shed next door to the remains of the hotel until it was rebuilt with compensation money from the government. Lina Furia provided employment for many young migrant women and men, including Nerina Beccarelli, who worked as a waitress in the dining room. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Book One Hundred Women of the Eastern Goldfields, 2000 Site Exhibition Karlkurla Gold: A History of the Women of Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Criena Fitzgerald and National Foundation for Australian Women, 2012, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/wikb/wikb-home.html Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Tess Epis interviewed by Criena Fitzgerald [sound recording] Nerina Beccarelli interviewed by Criena Fitzgerald [sound recording] Author Details Criena Fitzgerald Created 7 August 2012 Last modified 14 May 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In the Queen’s Birthday list (8 June 1968) Dorothy Tangney became the first Western Australian born woman to be appointed Dames Commander of the British Empire for services to the Western Australia Parliament. She was a senator for Western Australia in the Senate of the Australian Parliament from 1943 until she retired in 1968. A former schoolteacher Dorothy Tangney became the first woman member of the Australian Senate. An advocate for health and welfare, she served on the Joint Committee on Social Security 1943-1946 and served as a senator from 1943 until she retired in 1968. Dorothy Tangney featured on the 45c stamp (1973) and the electoral division of Tangney in Western Australia is named after her. Also in 1999 the street, formerly known as Administration Place (Canberra), was changed to Dorothy Tangney Place. In the Queen’s Birthday list (8 June 1968) Dorothy Tangney became the first Western Australian born woman to be appointed Dames Commander of the British Empire for services to the Western Australian Parliament. Events 2001 - 2001 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women Published resources Book Reflections : profiles of 150 women who helped make Western Australia's history; Project of the Womens Committee for the 150th Anniversary Celebrations of Western Australia, Popham, Daphne; Stokes, K.A.; Lewis, Julie, 1979 No ordinary lives: pioneering women in Australian politics, Jenkins, Cathy, 2008 So Many Firsts: Liberal Women from Enid Lyons to the Turnbull Era, Fitzherbert, Margaret, 2009 Edited Book Monash Biographical Dictionary of 20th Century Australia, Arnold, John and Morris, Deirdre, 1994 Who's Who in Australia 1983, Draper, W. J., 1983 Resource Section List of Electoral Divisions Named After Women, Australian Electoral Commission, http://www.aec.gov.au/history/women/women3.htm Journal Article Commemoration biography of Dorothy Tangney, Lawrence, Carmen, 1991 Book Section Dorothy Tangney - biography and reproduction of key parliamentary speech, Watson, Judyth [ed.], 1994 Thesis Australia's first woman senator: Dorothy Tangney B.A., Dip. Ed, Wall, Judith, 1962, http://henrietta.liswa.wa.gov.au/search~S1?/Xdorothy+tangney&searchscope=1&Da=&Db=&p=&SORT=D/Xdorothy+tangney&searchscope=1&Da=&Db=&p=&SORT=D&SUBKEY=dorothy%20tangney/1%2C11%2C11%2CB/frameset&FF=Xdorothy+tangney&searchscope=1&Da=&Db=&p=&SORT=D&6%2C6%2C Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Dorothy Margaret Tangney, 1938-1986 [manuscript] Parliamentarians' questionnaires, 1982-1983 [manuscript] State Library of Western Australia Dame Dorothy Tangney papers Author Details Anne Heywood Created 23 January 2002 Last modified 15 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Papers c. 1920-1979, including Annual Reports, news clippings, newsletters and correspondence. Also material relating to the Australian Federation of University Women and the International Federation of University Women, as well as letters to then Secretary Mrs R. W. McKellar, 1936. Meeting notes of the Lyceum Club, Melbourne located at Box 2505/6(a). Author Details Clare Land Created 9 December 2001 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Hanna Neumann was Professor and Head of the Department of Pure Mathematics, School of General Studies, Australian National University from 1964-71. Previously she worked as Lecturer and Senior Lecturer in Mathematics at the University of Hull and University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, 1946-63. Neumann became a Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science in 1969. Neumann completed her D. Phil. At Oxford in 1944. She typed her thesis on a card table by a haystack when the weather permitted. Much of it was written in a caravan by candlelight. This was the only accommodation she could find in Oxford during World War Two. She completed her education in Germany, at the Auguste-Viktoria-Schule and the University of Berlin. In 1938 she joined her fiancé, Bernhard Hermann Neumann in Britain. A Jewish refugee from Germany, he held a lectureship in mathematics at the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff. They were married on 22 December 1938 and went on to have five children. In Australia as Professor of Pure mathematics at the Australian National University, she quickly became involved with secondary school teachers in the implementation of the mathematics syllabus for the Wyndham scheme in New South Wales. Together with a colleague in the first term of 1964, they ran a once-a-week course for teachers entitled ‘The language of sets in school mathematics’. She maintained a direct involvement with secondary teachers of mathematics for the rest of her life. Her own research was focused mainly on group theory; on problems related to free products with amalgamations, embeddings and varieties of groups. In her entry for the Australian Dictionary of Biography Kenneth Fowler stated that ‘she found joy and beauty in the study of mathematics’. Published resources Book Section Hanna Neumann (1914-1971), Newman, Michael F, 1987 Journal Article Hanna Neuman, Newman, M. F. and Wall, G. E., 1975 Hanna Neumann (1914-1971), Walker, Rosanne, 2001 Hanna Neumann [Includes list of publications], Wall, G. E., 1974 Article Neumann, Hanna - AAS Biographical Memoir 3 (2), 1975., Newman M.F. and Wall G.E., 1975, http://www.asap.unimelb.edu.au/bsparcs/aasmemoirs/neumann.htm Resource Where are the Women in Australian science?, Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre, 2003, http://www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au/wisa/wisa.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Edited Book 200 Australian Women: A Redress Anthology, Radi, Heather, 1988 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Archival resources Adolph Basser Library Hanna Neumann Collection Author Details Elle Morrell and Rosemary Francis Created 14 February 2001 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Box number 249 Author Details Alannah Croom Created 27 November 2017 Last modified 23 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Notes, articles and talks on a range of topics, including histories of the Karrakatta Club, Western Australian Branch of the British Medical Association, and the Western Australian Association of University Women; manuscript and typescript copy of Short sketch career of Roberta H.M. Hull; 2 photographs. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 12 September 2003 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)