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Roslyn Watson is an Aboriginal Australian ballet dancer and choreographer of international renown. Born in Brisbane of Biri descent, she has danced in a number of Australian companies since beginning her career in the early 1970s. She has danced internationally, and with international companies, including the prestigious Dance Theatre of Harlem. Roslyn Watson was born in 1954 in Brisbane, of Biri descent. She commenced classical ballet training at the age of twelve in Brisbane. In 1969, she was awarded an Abstudy grant and entered the Australian Ballet School, Melbourne, where she studied under Kathleen Gorham. After graduating in 1972, she joined the Dance Theatre of New South Wales (later the Sydney Dance Company) and, having moved to New York, the following year she danced with the prestigious, all-black Dance Theatre of Harlem. Returning to Brisbane in 1975, Roslyn danced with the Queensland Ballet for three years before joining the Australian Dance Theatre (ADT) in Adelaide. She subsequently toured Southeast Asia and Europe with the ADT, and performed with the company at the Edinburgh Festival in 1980. Leaving the ADT in late 1981, she took up a tutoring position at the Aboriginal Islander Dance Theatre in Sydney. She went to Paris in 1982, and after mastering the language, she formed her own dance group, Company Brolga, which performed Images of Our Dreaming, which Roslyn herself had choreographed. She returned to Brisbane in 1987 and has appeared in a variety of shows and has worked as a choreographer. In 1991, she established the Murri Dance Theatre in Brisbane, and in 1993 she worked on the production of an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ballet, titled Green Butterfly . Published resources Edited Book The Encyclopaedia of Aboriginal Australia : Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander history, society and culture, Horton, David, 1994 Book Murawina : Australian women of high achievement, Roberta Sykes ; photography by Sandy Edwards, 1993 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Leonarda Kovacic and Nikki Henningham Created 20 September 2004 Last modified 4 May 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Kathleen Deasey was appointed assistant-controller Australian Women’s Army Service (AWAS), Southern Command in November 1941. Prior to joining the AWAS, Deasey was lady superintendent at Melbourne’s Ladies College, Melbourne. Following World War II, Deasey worked with the Department of Immigration, after which she studied at the Sorbonne, Paris. Later Deasey returned to teaching and was a senior tutor in education at the University of Melbourne and then became Principal of St Ann’s College, University of Adelaide. The second of six children to Anglican clergyman, Rev. Denis Murrell and Maude Williamson (née Watt) Deasey, Kathleen was educated at Geelong Church of England Girls’ Grammar School. She obtained a BA (1931), MA (1933) and DipEd (1935) from the University of Melbourne, and a BA (1937) and MA (1946) from Newham College, Cambridge. She taught at Frensham, Mittagong, NSW and became lady superintendent at Methodist Ladies College (Melbourne). In November 1941 Deasey was appointed assistant-controller, Southern Command and was promoted to Major on 28 January 1942. Initially she established the service’s structure in Victoria and then supervised the enlistment and training of recruits. In May 1943 she was transferred to First Army Headquarters, Toowoomba, Queensland as assistant-controller and later to the Australian Army Chaplains’ Department, Land Headquarters, Melbourne. In 1944 the Chaplains’ Department published, Readings and Prayers for Members of the Army Women’s Services, a booklet that Deasey compiled. After the war she represented the Australian Women’s Army Service at the Victory march in London (1946) and then returned to Australia and drafted a history of the Service. After being discharged from the army Deasey worked with the Department of Immigration, spent time studying at the Sorbonne, Paris, followed by administering an agency sponsorship scheme for the World Council of Churches. From 1960 to 1961 she was a senior tutor in education at the University of Melbourne and then became Principal of St Ann’s College, University of Adelaide, until 1966. Returning to Melbourne in 1967, she joined the staff of Larnook Domestic Arts Teachers’ College, Armadale. Kathleen Deasey, who never married, died on 6 September 1968 and was buried in Boroondara cemetery, Kew. Published resources Resource Section DEASEY, MAUDE KATHLEEN, Department of Veterans' Affairs, 2002, http://www.ww2roll.gov.au/script/veteran.asp?ServiceID=A&VeteranID=604369 Deasey, Maude Kathleen, MacIntyre, Eileen (1909-1968), 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A130671b.htm Book Australian women at war, Adam-Smith, Patsy, 1984 A History of the Lyceum Club Melbourne, Gillison, Joan M, 1975 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Archives of Australia, Melbourne Office Deasey, M K Maj - appointment as LC between AA Ch D and Australian Army women's services National Archives of Australia, National Office, Canberra DEASEY MAUDE KATHLEEN : Service Number - V345001 : Date of birth - 26 May 1909 : Place of birth - MELBOURNE : Place of enlistment - MELBOURNE VIC : Next of Kin - DEASEY D National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on M. Kathleen Deasey, college principal, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Australian War Memorial, Research Centre Honours and Awards - Recommendations for New Year Honours List 1946 General Sir Thomas Blamey inspects units of the Australian Women's Army Service at their headquarters Major Deasey sewing on a victory contingent colour patch for Private Frank John Partridge VC, on board HMAS Shropshire Major M. K. Deasey, Australian Women's Army Service (AWAS) Portrait of Major Kathleen Deasey who in November 1941 was appointed Assistant Controller in Victoria of the Australian Womens' Army Service. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 December 2002 Last modified 5 June 2009 Digital resources Title: Major Kathleen Deasey Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, 1936-2002; appointment diaries; research notes; slides; postcards.??These items have been recorded on the finding aid at 1986.0059 – please refer to that finding aid to identify the correct unit/s. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 30 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Working documents and copies of minutes and committee papers of bodies on which Ms Berger served. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

HMAS KUTTABUL, SYDNEY, 1946-05-17. GROUP PHOTOGRAPH OF PERSONNEL AT HMAS KUTTABUL. FIRST ROW: (SEATED) FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, PETTY OFFICER IDA WILSON, LIEUTENANT COMMANDER HEWISH, PETTY OFFICER FRANCES ALLSOP, COMMANDER SHAW, PETTY OFFICER GAIL FRECHER. SECOND ROW: FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, WRITER DENISE SHIELDS, WRITER PAMELA MORRIS, WRITER JUNE JORDAN, UNKNOWN, UNKNOWN, WRITER BETTY WILLIAMS, WRITER LESLIE SIMMONS. BACK ROW: FROM LEFT TO RIGHT, UNKNOWN, WRITER JOAN ROACHE, UNKNOWN, WRITER RUTH RAMMAGE. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 26 March 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Women’s Electoral Lobby (WEL.) first formed in Victoria, 1972. Conducted on a voluntary, non-profit basis, the W.E.L is a political pressure group that seeks to remove the economic and social disadvantages of women in Australia, to end discrimination against women and to promote equal opportunity. The W.E.L was constituted with a double purpose – to carry to the elected representatives of the community the views and requirements of female electors and to inform those female electors about their representatives’ standard of consciousness of women’s issues. Since 1972, W.E.L. activities have diversified around the central lobby theme. Sexual harassment, birth control and abortion, child care, parental benefits and child abuse, family law and women in jail, domestic violence, emergency housing, women’s health (including mental health), offensive advertising and pornography, education and employment, environmental concerns, the rights of Indigenous women and religion are some of the areas addressed by W.E.L. As well as a large body of members, monthly newsletters and annual National Conferences, many ad hoc action groups were developed including environmental, law, media, health, women in detention, women in education and the dangers of gambling. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources State Library of South Australia Women's Electoral Lobby (S.A.) : SUMMARY RECORD Papers of the Migrant and Indigenous Women Action Group Papers relating to the Women's Information Switchboard (later the Women's Information Service) Author Details Robin Secomb and Rosemary Francis Created 23 July 2004 Last modified 13 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Liz Dawson trained and worked as a speech therapist and teacher and her early social activism related to school education. Later in life, she lobbied through the organisation Common Ground to provide permanent, safe and supported homes for the homeless and for low-income families in Canberra. She was nominated as Canberran of the Year and ACT Local Hero in 2012 and was awarded an Order of Australia Medal ‘for her tireless work providing for homeless individuals and their families’ in the Queen’s Birthday honours in 2013. Liz Dawson was inscribed on the ACT Women’s Honour Roll in 2014. Elizabeth (Liz) Dawson was born on 28 May 1936, the daughter of Olga Mary (nee Barton) secretary and later newsagent, and David Francis Lewis, a judge in the New South Wales District and Quarter Sessions courts. Educated at a private boarding school in Tamworth NSW and later at Ascham school, Sydney, she completed a Bachelor of Arts degree at Sydney University and a Licentiate of the Australian College of Speech Therapy in 1958. She worked as a children’s speech therapist in Brisbane. Following her marriage to Peter Dawson on 8 June 1963 at St John’s Anglican Church, Balmain, she moved to Canberra where she worked in the Commonwealth Public Service. She accompanied her husband to Indonesia when he was appointed Trade Commissioner and to his next posting in Kenya. The couple returned to Canberra in 1969 with their two daughters, Julie and Kate, where their third daughter, Sophie, was born. Liz’s life reflected her passion for social justice, education and gender equity. After graduating with a Diploma of Education from the University of Canberra in the mid 1970s, she became a primary school teacher and in 1997 was awarded a Master of Education from that university. She and Peter became involved as parents in the Association for Modern Education School. Operating in Canberra from 1972 to 1996, the independent, progressive school encouraged students to develop their individual talents rather than following a set curriculum. In 1989 she received an ACT Government Achievement Award for her innovative work as a teacher at Duffy Primary School and for promoting gender equity in education. Active in the ACT Teacher’s Federation and the Labor Party, of which she was a life member, Liz initiated a political campaign to have class sizes in the ACT reduced to 20 at the kindergarten level, a policy later adopted by the Labor Party and extended to all ACT primary schools. In 1990 Elizabeth joined the Public Service Commission as its Women’s Advisor. She subsequently worked in the Department of Education until her retirement in 2005. In the early 2000s she completed a Graduate Diploma in Community Counselling at the University of Canberra, while working part time at Marymead, a support agency for families, and at a women’s refuge. This experience made her determined to support homeless people. As an employee of the Salvation Army, she initiated and developed a dental support program for pensioners amd arranged for Canberra hairdresser, Angelo Cataldo, to provide free haircuts to clients to boost self-esteem. Despite undergoing bouts of chemotherapy for bowel cancer from December 2010, and blindness suddenly brought on by temporal arteritis in March 2011, Elizabeth remained undaunted in her social activism. She was nominated as Canberran of the Year and ACT Local Hero in 2012 and was awarded an Order of Australia Medal ‘for her tireless work providing for homeless individuals and their families’ in the Queen’s Birthday honours in 2013. Her name was inscribed on the ACT Honour Walk in 2014. Elizabeth tirelessly lobbied the ACT Government to establish permanent, safe and supported homes for the homeless and low paid workers in the ACT, such as those first established by Common Ground in New York in 1980. Similar centres were already operating in Brisbane, Sydney and Adelaide. She gained support from the Snow Foundation and from Tanya Plibersek, Federal Minister for Housing in the first Rudd government. A persistent lobbyist, Liz observed: ‘The great thing about having terminal cancer is no one ever says no to you’. Common Ground ultimately received a $4 million grant from the Commonwealth and a further $7.5 million from the ACT government, enabling it to build 40 secure, self-contained, one-bedroom apartments in Gungahlin. Twenty apartments were for people who had experienced chronic homelessness, the remainder reserved for people on low incomes. The complex opened on 3 July 2015. Elizabeth worked with the Gungahlin Community Council to enhance community support for the project and promote better understanding of homelessness. She obtained funding from the Thyne Reid Foundation to make three films featuring local homeless people, each launched by Andrew Leigh, ACT Labor Member of the House of Representatives. Elizabeth used her experience of blindness to help fellow Canberrans with visual impairment. She formed a drumming group, The Groves, served on the Board of the Blind Society and in 2014, with the aid of her daughter Kate, published a book, Where is my left eyebrow?: Losing my eyesight overnight that described her battle with cancer and gave practical tips to people with impaired vision. Elizabeth died on 16 November 2014, survived by her husband, daughters and six grandchildren. In his tribute, read in the House of Representatives on 27 November 2014, Andrew Leigh remarked: ‘Liz was just a firecracker for change … She saw that parliamentarians were not to be feared but were to be used’. The Chief Minister of the ACT, Katy Gallagher, described her as a friend and the Member for Canberra in the House of Representatives, Gai Brodtmann, said in her speech to Parliament: ‘Liz inspires us to be the best we can be. To act on disadvantage. To better contribute to our community’. Published resources ACT Honour Walk, ACT Australia's Local Hero Nominee 2012, https://www.communityservices.act.gov.au/women/awards/act-womens-honour-roll/2014/elizabeth-dawson Queens Birthday honours 2013, 2013, https://the-riotact.com/queens-birthday-honours-2013/106843 In Memory of Elizabeth Dawson, 2014, https://andrewleigh.com Elizabeth Dawson with Kate Dawson, Where is my left eyebrow? Losing my eyesight overnight, 2014 Hansard, Statements by Members, Statement by the Hon Gai Brodtmann MP re Dawson, Ms Liz OAM, 2014 Author Details Ann-Mari Jordens Created 25 April 2023 Last modified Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassette (ca. 60 min.)??Thiele, a farmer and 1994 ABC Rural Woman of the Year, speaks of farming background, her supportive family, love of the water (skiing, sailing, etc.), education at Waikerie High School and Roseworthy Agricultural College, teaching agricultural science, farming life and its advantages, pressures on rural families, sheep farming, the mouse plague, rural stereotypes, a “typical day”, achievements, overseas travels, and being awarded the inaugural ABC Rural Woman of the Year Award. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Melbourne Exhibition Certificates; Buchanan & Nodrum 1880-1881; U.S newspapers 1906 reporting the San Francisco earthquake; theatre posters and programmes 1906. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

May Victoria Brown was a miner, publican and business woman who played a pivotal role in the Northern Territories social and economic development, particularly in the areas mining industry. She was a flamboyant and outspoken woman who led a very colourful life. May Brown made her first trip to the Northern Territory in June 1890, where she helped her sister and brother-in-law run the Terminus Hotel in Darwin. She made several visits to the Territory between then and 1901, when she married George Seale, a former Australian amateur boxing champion. May and George had their first and only child George in 1902. Her husband died in March 1906 after suffering from pleuro-pneumonia for seven weeks. A little over six months later, May married James Burns, one of the partners in the rich Wolfram Camp mine near Pine Creek in the Norther Territory. May and George arrived in the Territory in January 1907. Their wealth from the mine enabled May to travel regularly and widely. May helped her husband work the mine and eventually the pair bought out their partner. In 1912 James died from alcoholism and May inherited everything. However, within seven months of James’ death, May married Charles Albert ‘Bert’ Brown. With the outbreak of the First World War the demand for wolfram increased rapidly, as did the price of May’s mine. By 1916 it was acknowledged as the richest mine of its kind in Australia, at a value of 20,000 pounds. May helped the war effort in many ways; she joined the Red Cross and helped raise much-needed funds. Mining from Wolfram Hill had virtually ceased by July 1919 and in need of an income to support her extravagant lifestyle, May turned to the hotel trade. She won the lease of Darwin’s Hotel Victoria when the Gilruth administration had ended its hold on the hotel trade in 1921. In 1926 Hotel Victoria was offered to Christina Gordon, who obliged but also transferred her lease on the Playford Hotel in Pine Creek on to May. In the same year, her beloved Bert died of malaria in Queensland. Unfortunately May was reckless with her money and by 1934 she was in great financial trouble, with her extravagant lifestyle and the Great Depression both taking their toll. By February she was forced to forfeit both her Wolfram Hill and Crest of the Wave Mines for ‘non-payment of rent and non-compliance of labour conditions’. May eventually moved to Sydney and on 23 July 1939 she passed away, virtually penniless. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 4 January 2018 Last modified 23 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Manuscripts of, and papers relating to, the publication of the book, “Ludwig Becker: artist and naturalist with the Burke and Wills Expedition ” by Marjorie Tipping. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 20 February 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Berlin, Germany. June 1946. Pictured, left to right, foreground: A Petty Officer of the RAN; Squadron Leader P. Swan DFC; Flight Lieutenant P. Coffey DFC, RAAF; Major Joan L. Christie, Australian Army Medical Women’s Service, and Squadron Officer Doris Carter, Women’s Auxiliary Australian Air Force. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 1 April 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diary of Miss Ina Higgins, 1933. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 11 September 2015 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A collection of photographs taken at the site of the old Cootamundra Girls Home. Collection includes internal and external views of buildings as used by current occupants (Bimbadeen College) as well as derelict sections and artefacts dating from the 1940’s. Photo portraits of some former residents are also included.??Peter Kabaila; deposited 29 September 1994 Author Details Anne Heywood Created 28 May 2004 Last modified 6 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Methodist Order of Deaconesses was established in 1942 as a result of the inability of the Methodist Church in Australia to implement the principle affirmed at the General Conference in 1929 that women who believed that they were called by God to a wider (professional) ministry in the Church than was available to them at that time, could offer as candidates for the ministry under the same regulations as men. Its establishment led to marked changes in the opportunities available to women in the life of the church. Significantly, it offered structure, support and status for women’s ministry by providing a professional pathway. It created opportunities for women’s ministry at home, not just in international mission fields. By helping to create a context whereby men and women worked together, it enabled the Methodist Church to come to the view that women had a place in the ordained ministry. The idea of establishing a Deaconess Order in South Australia was mooted as early at 1922 by the Reverend John Pearce, superintendent of the Home Mission Department. The 1935 General Conference decisions to establish such as order found a most enthusiastic supporter in Kate Cocks, who was well known in South Australia as an advocate on behalf of women and children’s rights and welfare. A study trip to New Zealand to investigate the work of Deaconesses in that country convinced her of the need for a similar organisation in South Australia. Her recommendations were endorsed at the Annual Conference in 1937. Although the outbreak of war delayed further decisions, it also highlighted the need for women’s ministry and a training institute to support it, as women rushed to fill the gaps left by men who went off to fight. But in 1942, the order was established. Published resources Booklet A History of the Methodist Deaconess Order in South Australia, Hancock, Bethany, 1995 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 August 2009 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In 1990, the Australian Bowls Council (now Bowls Australia Inc.), the national administrative body for men’s bowling, was affiliated with 2,225 clubs. The Australian Women’s Bowling Council was parallel, with 2,185 affiliated clubs. By the late 1990s, Australia could boast 43% of the world’s bowling population. Popular in Britain, bowls was introduced to Australia for male members of the colonial elite in the nineteenth century. Public greens were formed beside hotels, with membership fees introduced later to control the clientele – the respectability of the sport was constantly emphasised. Private clubs developed early, and the first recorded game took place at Sandy Bay, Tasmania, in 1845. In 1864, the Melbourne Bowling Club in Chapel Street became Australia’s first formalised club. Women had been bowling at Stawell in Victoria since 1881 and a ladies’ tournament was organised there in 1896. The Colac Club was set up by eight women in 1899, but later became a men’s club, and on the whole the sport of lawn bowls was a white male-dominated scene until the twentieth century. The Fitzroy Club’s invitation to the Aboriginal cricket team to play in 1866 was an anomaly. After Australia’s first interstate match between New South Wales and Victoria in 1880, those two States established their own Bowling Associations. Associations were likewise formed in Western Australia in 1898; South Australia in 1902; Tasmania in 1901 and Queensland in 1903. All States amalgamated to form the Australian Bowls Council in 1911. The Australian Women’s Bowling Council was formed much later, in 1947, and the first Women’s National Championship was held in 1949. The first World Bowls Championships were held at Kyeemagh Bowls Club in New South Wales in 1966. Published resources Book Lawn bowls: the Australian way, Pollard, Jack, 1962 The first one hundred years of the Royal Victorian Bowls Association 1880-1980, Henshaw, John, 1979 Centenary: the history of the Royal New South Wales Bowling Association, 1880-1980, Guiney, Cyril, 1980 The first fifty years: a brief history of the growth and development of the Queensland Ladies' Bowling Association, 1930 to 1980, Morelle, Lettie, 1980 Bowls west: a centenary history of the Royal Western Australian Bowling Association, 1898-1998, McDonald, Gilbert, 1998 Site Exhibition She's Game: Women Making Australian Sporting History, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2007, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/sg/sport-home.html Edited Book The Oxford Companion to Australian Sport, Vamplew, Vray; Moore, Katharine; O'Hara, John; Cashman, Richard; Jobling, Ian, 1997 Archival resources National Library of Australia Annual report / Federal District Women's Bowling Association Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 31 January 2007 Last modified 5 September 2012 Digital resources Title: Lawn Bowling ASC AOZ Active Australia Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Vivian Bullwinkel was the sole survivor of the 1942 Banka Island massacre. Post-war, she was Matron of Melbourne’s Fairfield Hospital. Vivian Bullwinkel grew up in Broken Hill, New South Wales, and Adelaide, South Australia. Her father had migrated to Australia from Essex in 1912 and worked as a jackaroo on a station near Broken Hill before he married and took on a clerical post with Broken Hill South Pty Ltd. Vivian’s grandfather was William John Shegog, a member of the South Australian Police Force. At the age of nine, she moved to Adelaide to live with her grandparents but returned to attend Broken Hill High School when she was thirteen. In 1934 she began nursing and midwife training at the Broken Hill and District Hospital. From February 1939 she was working at the Kia-Ora Hospital in Hamilton, Victoria, but moved to Melbourne to enlist at the outbreak of war and worked for a time at the Jessie MacPherson Hospital. In May 1941, Bullwinkel volunteered for the Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) and sailed for Singapore, assigned to the 2/13th Australian General Hospital. In February 1942, she boarded the SS Vyner Brooke with 65 other nurses to flee Singapore following an invasion by Japanese troops, but the ship was sunk by Japanese aircraft two days later. A large number of passengers, including 22 nurses, made it ashore to Radji Beach on Banka Island and decided to surrender to the Japanese. They were joined the following day by about 100 British soldiers. Upon being discovered by Japanese soldiers, however, the men were killed and the nurses ordered to wade into the sea where they were machine-gunned from behind. Bullwinkel was struck by a bullet but feigned death until her persecutors had left. The sole survivor of the massacre, she hid for twelve days before surrendering and spent a further three and a half years in captivity. Bullwinkel served in Japan in 1946 and 1947 before resigning from the Army as Captain, but she rejoined the Citizen Military Forces in 1955 and served until 1970, when she retired as Lieutenant Colonel. Post-war, Bullwinkel spent 16 years as Matron of Melbourne’s Fairfield Hospital and continued as Director of Nursing there until 1977. In that year, she married Colonel F.W. Statham and moved to Perth. She was a member of the Council of the Australian War Memorial, and president of the Australian College of Nursing. In 1992, she returned to Banka Island to unveil a shrine to the nurses who died there. Vivian Bullwinkel was appointed to the Order of Australia (AO) on 26 January 1993, appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) on 1 January 1973 and awarded the Royal Red Cross Medal on 6 March 1947 for service to the veteran and ex-prisoner of war communities, to nursing, to the Red Cross Society and to the community. She was also the winner of the Florence Nightingale Medal. Photographs, newspaper articles and memorabilia relating to Vivian Bullwinkel were exhibited at the RSL in Argent Street, Broken Hill, in 2000 and the foyer of the Broken Hill Health Service has been named in her honour. Events 1993 - 1993 Order of Australia (AO) 1973 - 1973 Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) 1947 - 1947 Royal Red Cross Medal 1961 - 1977 Matron of the Fairfield Hospital, Victoria 1956 - 1960 Assistant Matron of the Repatration General Hospital, Victoria 1940 - 1941 Staff member of the Jessie McPherson Hospital, Melbourne 1939 - 1940 Staff member of the Hamilton Private Hospital, Victoria 1941 - 1941 Staff member of the 13th Australian General Hospital, Australian Infantry Forces 1942 - 1942 Sole survivor of Banka Island, where 21 Australian army nurses were massacred by Japanese soldiers 1988 - 1989 Warden of Western Australian State War Memorial (first woman to be appointed) 1973 - 1978 Member of the Council of Directors of the Royal Humane Society 1973 - 1977 Member of the Council College of Nursing Australia 1973 - 1974 President of the College of Nursing Australia 1972 - 1974 President of the Soroptimist Clubs, Victoria 1964 - 1973 Deputy Principal of the Commandant Australia Red Cross Society 1992 - 1992 Honorary Life Member of the Australia Red Cross Society 1963 - 1977 Trustee of the National War Memorial, Canberra 1977 - 1977 Married Col. F W Statham OBE, ED 2001 - 2001 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women Published resources Resource Section BULLWINKEL, VIVIAN, Department of Veterans' Affairs, 2002, http://www.ww2roll.gov.au/script/veteran.asp?ServiceID=A&VeteranID=790630 TRANSCRIPT OF THE EULOGY GIVEN BY THE HON BRUCE SCOTT, THE MINISTER FOR VETERANS AFFAIRS AND MINISTER ASSISTING THE MINISTER FOR DEFENCE ON BEHALF OF THE PRIME MINISTER OF AUSTRALIA AT THE STATE FUNERAL FOR THE LATE VIVIAN STATHAM nee BULLWINKEL, 2000, http://minister.dva.gov.au/media/speeches/2000/july/bullwinkel.htm Vivian Bullwinkel AO; MBE;ARRC; ED; FNM; FRCNA 18.12.1915 - 3.7.2000 Survivor of the Bangka Island Massacre, Angell, Dorothy, http://www.angellpro.com.au/Bullwinkel.htm Nurse survivors of the Vyner Brooke, http://www.awm.gov.au/encyclopedia/nurse_survivors/bullwinkel.htm Book Uncommon Australians: Towards an Australian Portrait Gallery, Faigan, Julian, 1992 Twentieth-Century Women of Courage, Escott, Beryl E, 1999 Australian nurses since Nightingale 1860-1990, Burchill, Elizabeth, 1992 Just wanted to be there : Australian Service Nurses 1899-1999, Reid, Richard, 1999 A Woman's war : the exceptional life of Wilma Oram Young, AM, Angell, Barbara, 2003 Portraits in Australian Health, Best, John, 1988 Our War Nurses: The History of the Royal Australian Army Nursing Corps 1902-1988, Goodman, R.D., 1988 Some Outstanding Women of Broken Hill and District, Camilleri, Jenny, 2002 Broken Hill, Kearns, Richard Hugh Bell, 1974 Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 1998, Neto, Maryanne (researcher), 1997 Resource RSL Returned Sisters' Sub-branch Thanksgiving Service, 100 Years of Australian Army Nursing, 2002, http://www.perthcathedral.org/ Brave Women, Angell, Barb, http://www.angellpro.com.au/women.htm Where are the Women in Australian science?, Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre, 2003, http://www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au/wisa/wisa.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Newspaper Article Nurses revisit war hell (Bangka Island, Singapore), Warnock, Steve and Chapman, Barry (Photographer), 1993 Tributes pour in for the hero of Paradise Road, 2000 WWII nursing heroine dies, 2000 Heroic wartime nurse Vivian Bullwinkel dies in hospital, aged 84, 2000 Butchery on Bangka, 1977 Lasting testimony to local war hero, Murray-Wilson, Brad, 2002 Bullwinkel honored as World War Two hero, 2001 Exhibition highlights wartime survivor, 2000 Nurse's bravery example to others, 2000 State funeral farewell for Sister Bullwinkel, Mayes, Andrea, 2000 Third Anzac arrives home, 1997 She looked for a warm place to die, 1972 Nurses Four Years' Ordeal, 1962 Article Service nurses honoured with long awaited memorial, 1999 Journal Article Vivian Statham, nee Bullwinkel: Eulogy for State Funeral, St Georges Cathedral, Perth, Monday 10 July 2000, Scott, Bruce, 2000 Lecture Speech on the occasion of the dedication of the site of the Australian Service Nurses' National Memorial Canberra, Scott, the Hon. Bruce MP, Minister for Veterans' Affairs, 1997, http://www.dva.gov.au/media/speeches Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Unbroken Spirit: Women in Broken Hill, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2009, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/bh/bh-home.html Archival resources Australian War Memorial, Research Centre [War Crimes and Trials - Affidavits and Sworn Statements:] List of Awards for Services rendered whilst Prisoners-of-War [War Crimes and Trials - Affidavits and Sworn Statements:] [Campaign in Malaya and Singapore - Escape before and after capitulation and evacuation of civilians:] Official Historian 1939-1945 War, biographical files Group portrait of Australian Army Nursing Service (AANS) nurses, who were former prisoners of war (POWs), ob board the hospital ship Manunda on its arrival in Australia National Archives of Australia, Melbourne Office Bullwinkel, V Sister - International Military Tribunal Bullwinkel, Vivian National Archives of Australia, Sydney Office [Radio talk presented by ABC war correspondent Haydon Lennard] Release of nurses & civilian internees Sumatra (Including Sister Vivian Bullwinkel) [18 pages; box 7] Outback Archives, Broken Hill City Library Bullwinkel, Vivian Author Details Anne Heywood and Barbara Lemon Created 3 April 2002 Last modified 5 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The papers of Mary Grant Bruce include personal and family documents; newspaper cuttings relating to her career; correspondence, mainly with publishers; manuscripts and typescripts of literary works; photographs and other items. The papers of George Evans Bruce include correspondence with publishers and family members; manuscripts and typescripts of literary works; miscellaneous items. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 13 October 2003 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Contents include minutes, correspondence, annual reports, constitution, news sheet and newspaper cuttings Author Details Elle Morrell Created 5 September 2000 Last modified 9 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassette (ca. 33 min.)??Brenton, a , farmer, speaks of her family coming from Scotland to a Group Settlement Scheme in Western Australia, her schooling, the early days of the Settlement, the monthly shopping trip to Perth, life during World War II, her marriage, acquiring their farm, Government clearing of the timber, early days on their farm, building the dairy herd, keeping pigs, gardening, her four daughters, qualities of a good farmer, problems associated with farming, community involvement (incl. Farmers’ Union, sports and dances), picnics on the beach, decision making on the farm, conversion of the dairy into their house, still feeding cattle, recent holidays, potato growing, and the Bed and Breakfast venture.??Recorded in 1995 Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Professor Meredith Edwards AM has enjoyed an extensive career as lecturer, researcher and policy analyst in economics. She is best known for developing policies around AUSTUDY, Child Support, HECS and long-term unemployment initiatives. She is currently Emeritus Professor, Australia and New Zealand School of Government ( ANZSOG) Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra. Born in Sydney and the eldest of three sisters, Meredith Edwards was educated at Canberra High School where she was Vice-Captain. She went on to complete a Bachelor of Commerce (Degree with Honours) at the University of Melbourne (1963) and later, in 1983, a PhD in Public Finance at the Australian National University. Edwards began her academic career from 1963 with a post at the University of Malaya, followed by the Australian National University and the Canberra College of Advanced Education. She also served on government-appointed consultative committees and was seconded to the Office for the Status of Women in 1983. She went on to work in the Commonwealth Public Service until 1997. Edwards worked in many departments: as Special Advisor on Youth Allowances in both the (then) Department of Education and the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet (1983-1985), focussing on rationalisation of Australia’s youth allowances and the introduction of AUSTUDY; in the Department of Social Security (1986-1990) assisting a Cabinet Sub-Committee on Child Support Policy and as Head of the Social Policy Division; in the Department of Health, Housing and Community Services (1990-1992) as Director of the National Housing Strategy; and in the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet (1993-1997) as Head of a Taskforce on long term unemployment issues and later as Deputy Secretary of that Department. She was a member of the Women’s Electoral Lobby, with particular focus on childcare and economic matters, and often acted as WEL’s economic spokesperson. In addition, Edwards was a member of the Wran Committee on Higher Education Funding (1988-1989). She is a member of the Australian Statistics Advisory Council, a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia, a Fellow of the Australian Institute of Management (FAIM), a Member of the Advisory Board of the Centre for International and Public Law at the Australian National University and was President of the Economic Society of Australia and New Zealand (ACT Branch) from 1994-1996. She was appointed Deputy Vice-Chancellor of the University of Canberra in August 1997 -2002 when she also became Professor. In 1999 she became Director of the National Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra, a position she held until 2004. In 2008 she was made a Member of the Board of the Council for Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences and since 2009 she has been Chair, Board of Closing the Gap Clearing House as well as Member, Committee of Experts on Public Administration, United Nations. Professor Edwards has published numerous articles and presented many papers in the area of policy development and analysis, particularly in the areas of economics and tax in the family, child support, housing, poverty, women in government, and governance. Her recent book Social Policy, Public Policy: From Problem to Practice is based on case studies taken from her time working with the Commonwealth Public Service. Professor Edwards was awarded the Order of Australia (AM) in 1992. Published resources Book Social policy, public policy : from problem to practice, Meredith Edwards with Cosmo Howard and Robin Miller, 2001 Inside agitators : Australian femocrats and the State, Hester Eisenstein, 1996 Sisters in Suits: Women and Public Policy in Australia, Sawer, Marian, 1990 Newspaper Article Face to face: the power of sisterhood, Jane Cadzow, 1987? The Burton girls, Marion Frith, 1994 Edited Book Who's Who in Australia 2002, Herd, Margaret, 2002 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Meredith Edwards, 1974-2002 [manuscript] Papers of Julia Ryan, 1947-1982 [manuscript] Records of the Women's Electoral Lobby, 1952-2010 [manuscript] National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Meredith Edwards, academic, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Meredith Edwards interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia collection [sound recording] Meredith Edwards interviewed by Sara Dowse in the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia collection [sound recording] Author Details Clare Land Created 13 September 2001 Last modified 15 July 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

48 sound cassettes, in 4 folders??Project coordinator: Wilma Kippers?”Yarn spinners has been funded by the Australian Bicentennial Authority as part of its program for older Australians” Author Details Alannah Croom Created 30 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Minutes and agendas 1977-1981, reports, consultants, material on major womens’ organisations, conferences including Women’s’ Trade Union on the problems of working women and labour. Also subject files on women’s’ welfare issues including education, employment, health and safety and equal opportunity. Subject files and photographs.??Mainly offprints, cuttings etc., of articles and papers relating to aspects of women and work – unionism, equal pay, etc. includes copy of material about the First Exhibition of Women’s Work, namely: 1 Copy of introduction from programme of opening ceremony; 2 List of office-bearers (includes JW Barret) 3 Series of articles written by Mrs EF Allan for the Argus describing exhibition in detail15/10-1/121907 NB A full catalogue of the First Exhibition of Women’s. Work is now available on microfiche at the Latrobe Library??Outwards correspondence files, 1975-1977??Subject files:- Women: Health; Education; Family Planning; Technology; Occupational health and safety; Equal pay; Discrimination; Other.?Accession No 80 70, 86 89, 86 134, 88 102, 88 93 Author Details Elle Morrell Created 6 September 2000 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound cassette (ca. 30 min.)??McMillan, a farmer, speaks of her childhood on a dairy farm, working as a herd tester after finishing school, share farming, buying a farm in 1980, division of responsibilities between her husband and herself, the use of artificial insemination and bull farms in herd management, the importance of efficient irrigation systems in farm management, her extensive involvement in local committees (the local branch of United Dairy Farmers of Victoria, District Council of United Dairy Farmers of Victoria, East Gippsland Rural Financial Counselling Committee, the board of the School of Primary Industries of TAFE and the VCAH Course Advisory Committee), and her plans for the farm. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 3 March 2010 Last modified 21 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Anne Heywood, Clare Land and Nikki Henningham Created 3 October 2001 Last modified 4 May 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

This is an interim record. This collection has not been fully sorted or listed. Please consult Manuscripts Collection staff before placing an order.??Account books 1917-1961, newsletters etc. from the Australian Guild of Realist Artists 1977-1988, and material relating to the Friends of the La Trobe Library 1967-1991. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 28 December 2017 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Natalie Atherden stood as a candidate for the Australian Greens Party in the Legislative Assembly seat of Polwarth at the Victorian state election, which was held on 30 November 2002. She stood again for the same party and in the same seat at the election which was held on 25 November 2006. Natalie Atherden lives outside Colac on an extended family small permaculture farm. She has two children. She is a tertiary student and performing artist and is a member of Arts Colac Incorporated, Colac Kana Festival Incorporated and the Colac-Otway Soccer Association. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Carrying on the Fight: Women Candidates in Victorian Parliamentary Elections, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cws/home.html Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 6 August 2008 Last modified 5 September 2012 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Jane (Lindsay) Mountjoy was a courageous fighter for the underprivileged. She stood as a Communist Party of Australia candidate in the 1930 elections for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Leichhardt. Jane (Lindsay) Mountjoy married Wilfred Athelstane Mountjoy (known as Bill) in 1927 at Bankstown, a suburb of Sydney. He was also a Communist Party candidate at the 1930 election, for the seat of Parramatta. Lindsay worked as an organiser in the textile industry in Sydney in the 1930s, and edited The Working Woman. (Sydney 1932-5) Speaking to the Tenth Congress of the party, Lindsay Mountjoy noted that “the Communist Party is not a bohemian club”, and said that the sexual indiscretions of Communist women caused working class women to stop their husbands from joining the party. She was arrested at a demonstration in support of the unemployed in November 1930, charged with riotous behaviour, assault and damage to a constable’s watch. She was sentenced to 8 days gaol. In her article describing the experience she said if necessary she would do it again. She later moved to Western Australia with her husband when he became organiser there, and later State secretary of the CPA, until he was disgraced and removed from the Central Committee in 1940. He ran for the House of Representatives seat of East Sydney at a by-election in 1931 and for the Senate in Western Australia in 1934. Published resources Book The Reds: the Communist Party of Australia from origins to illegality, Macintyre, Stuart, 1999 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 14 December 2005 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sandra Levy is an Australian film and television producer. Levy has held a number of head positions in the Australian television industry, including Director of Television at ABC. In 2007, Levy was appointed CEO of the Australian Film, Television and Radio School. Throughout her career, Levy has produced a number of iconic Australian films including High Tide (Armstrong, 1987), Police Rescue: The Movie (Carson, 1993), The Well (Lang, 1997), Secret Men’s Business (Cameron, 1999) and Serenades (Khadem, 2000). Sandra Levy studied English literature at the University of Sydney. At university, Levy became a fringe member of the left wing political set, the Push. After Levy graduated, she began to make small budget films. In 1978, Levy co-produced the short film Showtime with Jan Chapman. Showtime tells the story of a young woman who takes a teaching position in a small country town. The townspeople, however, begin to suspect a relationship between the young teacher and another woman. The short film raised questions about how the town believed this relationship would have dangerous implications for the school children. In 1986, Levy produced High TideHigh Tide. The film was directed by Gillian Armstrong and written by Laura Jones. Judy Davis won an AFI Award for her performance as the lead character, Lili. Lili is a back up singer for an Elvis impersonator who gets stranded in a small coastal town. While stuck in the town, Lili befriends a teenager girl who is in fact the daughter she left as an infant. As a trainee at the ABC, Levy became experienced in script editing and production: ‘I just thought I’d landed on the moon. It was like all of the skills that I had, all of the interest I had in ideas, and the literary, intellectual, political, creative interests came together. From that moment, that was it.’ From 1987 to 1989, Levy was Head of Drama at ABC. From 1989 to 1998, Levy was Head of Drama at Southern Star. In 1997, Levy produced The Well (Lang), a psychological thriller written by Laura Jones. The Well is about two very different women who form a tender, yet manipulative, relationship. When one of the women runs over a stranger on the road near their house, a battle of wits between the two women in triggered. Between 2001 and 2005, Levy was Director of Television at ABC. Her time at ABC was successful, with an audience increase of 24 per cent, and the introduction of popular television shows including: Kath and Kim, New Inventors, Spicks and Specks, Enough Rope with Andrew Denton, The Chaser, and many more. In 2002, Levy produced the successful film Serenades (Khadem). Serenades tells the story of Jila, the daughter of an Afghan father and Aboriginal mother. Jila grows up in a mission and is best friends with Johann, the son of the Lutheran pastor. After the death of her mother, Jila is taken from the mission and raised a Muslim by her father. As adults, Jila and Johann meet again and fall in love, however are restricted by their cultural backgrounds. In 2006, Levy was Head of Drama at Channel 9. In 2007, Levy was appointed CEO of the Australian Film, Television and Radio School. Levy has been married and divorced twice and has one son. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Book Look At Me!: Behind The Scenes Of Australian TV And The Women Who Made It, Hogan, Christine, 2006 Edited Book The Oxford Companion to Australian Film, McFarlane, Brian, Mayer Geoff and Bertrand, Ina, 1999 Article It's her ABC, 2004, http://www.smh.com.au/news/TV--Radio/Its-her-ABC/2004/12/03/1101923328002.html Resource Section The Knowledge - Sandra Levy, Urban, Andrew, 2010, http://www.aftrsmedia.com/CSB/the-knowledge-sandra-levy/ Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Archival resources National Film and Sound Archive The Well : Original Release Showtime [Women Working in Television Project. Interview with Sandra Levy] Come in Spinner National Library of Australia [Biographical cuttings on Sandra Levy, film producer, containing one or more cuttings from newspapers or journals] Author Details Hollie Aerts Created 4 January 2011 Last modified 8 March 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Rosina Raisbeck enjoyed a successful career in London and performed on the club circuit across Australia in the 1960s, before joining the Australian Opera in 1971. She was still singing with the company at the age of 72. Raisbeck was born in Ballarat to English and Italian parents, and grew up in Maitland. After success on the club circuit in New South Wales, she entered the New South Wales Conservatorium in 1942. Raisbeck won the Sun Aria and ABC Concerto and Vocal competitions in 1946. She auditioned at Covent Garden, London, and performed her debut role as Maddalena in Rigoletto the following year. Raisbeck was a soloist in Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony as part of the Queen’s coronation celebrations in 1953. She sang with Sadler’s Wells Opera in London, and with the Elizabethan Trust Opera Company at home in Sydney. In 1961, after her divorce from James Laurie, she returned to Sydney with her son, Jim. She joined the Australian Opera company ten years later. Raisbeck’s last public appearance was at the 80th birthday concert of Dame Joan Sutherland, her friend and colleague, in October 2006. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Ephemera Collection [Raisbeck, Rosina (singer) : programs and related material collected by the National Library of Australia] State Library of New South Wales Royce Rees collection of Sydney theatre photonegatives, 1946-1967 Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 18 January 2007 Last modified 12 April 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Coloured photographic portrait of Annie Moriah Sage as Matron Author Details Helen Morgan Created 15 February 2002 Last modified 6 September 2002 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Interview conducted in Broken Hill as part of the AWAP Broken Hill exhibition. To be lodged with the Outback Archives, Broken Hill City Library. Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 3 March 2009 Last modified 3 March 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Appointed lady superintendent of the New South Wales Army Nursing Service Reserve (NSWANSR), Nellie Gould left Australia on 17 January 1900 with thirteen nursing sisters to serve in the Boer War as part of the British Army. The nursing contingent returned to Australia in 1902. On 27th September 1914 Nellie Gould enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force and served in Egypt, caring for Gallipoli casualties, followed by service in France and then England. She returned to Australia in January 1919 and was discharged on 3 March. She was unfit to take up nursing duties again and from 1920 she received a war service pension. In 1916 Nellie Gould was awarded the Royal Red Cross Medal (1st class) for her war work. Nellie Gould was born to Henry and Sarah (nee Baker) in Wales, her mother died when Nellie was 18 months old. When she was four the family moved to Portugal where she received her early education. Later the family returned to England and Nellie attended Mildmay Park College. She was a teacher and governess before moving to Sydney in 1884. On 19 January 1885, Nellie commenced a two-year nurses training course at the Royal Alfred Hospital, Sydney. She stayed on at the hospital for two years after finishing the course. Nellie was then appointed matron of St Kilda Private Hospital at Woolloomooloo and in 1891 she became matron and superintendent of the training school of Sydney Hospital. She resigned in October 1898 to join the New South Wales Public Health Department and was matron of the Hospital for the Insane at Rydalmere in 1898-1900. In February 1899 Matron Nellie Gould was asked to help form an Army Nursing Service Reserve attached to the New South Wales Army Medical Corps. On 26 May the nurses were sworn in and Nellie Gould was appointed lady superintendent. In charge of 13 nursing sisters, Nellie Gould left in the Moravian for the South African War (Boer War) on 17 January 1900. She returned to Australia in August 1902. Upon their return, Nellie Gould and her friend Sister Julia Bligh Johnston opened Ermelo Private Hospital at Newtown, Sydney. She also organized the Army Nursing Service Reserve in New South Wales and was appointed principal matron of the 2nd Military District. After Ermelo was sold in 1912, both Nellie Gould and Julia Johnston joined the Public Health Department. On 27 September 1914 Nellie Gould enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force and served in Egypt, caring for Gallipoli casualties, followed by service in France and then England. She returned to Australia in January 1919 and was discharged on 3 March. She was unfit to take up nursing duties again and from 1920 she received a war service pension. Nellie Gould was involved in founding the Australasian Trained Nurses’ Association (ATNA) and was a council member from 1899 until her retirement in 1921. She also initiated the publishing of the ATNA journal in 1903 and served on the editorial committee. Nellie Gould died at Neutral Bay on 19 July 1941. Published resources Book Guns and brooches : Australian Army Nursing from the Boer War to the Gulf War, Bassett, Jan, 1992 Australian women at war, Adam-Smith, Patsy, 1984 Just wanted to be there : Australian Service Nurses 1899-1999, Reid, Richard, 1999 Nightingales in the mud : the digger sisters of the Great War 1914 - 1918, Barker, Marianne, 1989 Edited Book Monash Biographical Dictionary of 20th Century Australia, Arnold, John and Morris, Deirdre, 1994 Resource Section Australian nurses in the Boer War, Chamberlain, Max, 2002, http://users.netconnect.com.au/~ianmac/readroom.htm#nursing Gould, Ellen Julia (Nellie) (1860 - 1941), McCarthy, Perditta M., 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090061b.htm Resource Where are the Women in Australian science?, Australian Science and Technology Heritage Centre, 2003, http://www.austehc.unimelb.edu.au/wisa/wisa.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Faith, Hope and Charity Australian Women and Imperial Honours: 1901-1989, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2003, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/honours/honours.html Archival resources Australian War Memorial, Research Centre [Nurses Narratives] Principal Matron Ellen Julia Gould Informal portrait of three nurses who accompanied the Second Contingent to the Boer War as members of the NSW Army Medical Corps. [Nursing Services:] Notes on Australian nursing sisters in the history of the Australian Army Nursing Service, by Matron Ellen J Gould RRC National Archives of Australia, Various Locations Nominal rolls and lists of medals and clasps for New South Wales Military Forces who served in Boer War National Archives of Australia, National Office, Canberra Gould Ellen Julia : SERN Principal Matron : POB Monmouth Wales : POE Cairo Egypt : NOK Harley B A Mrs Author Details Anne Heywood Created 2 December 2002 Last modified 5 June 2009 Digital resources Title: Gould, Frater and Bligh Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

David McKenzie Dow report on a history of the Optical Munitions panel, papers relating to court action by Sir Robert Menzies against the Herald and Weekly Times. Correspondence to Hume and Gwyneth Dow, 1934- 1980s. Material relating to University affairs and Faculty of Education course changes. Research notes and drafts of publications including _Landfall in Van Dieman’s Land, the Steel’s quest for greener pastures_ Author Details Anne Heywood Created 15 October 2003 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Gwendoline (commonly known as Gwen) Plumb was awarded an Order of Australia (AM) on 13 June 1993 for services to the entertainment industry [1]. On 1 January 1973 she was appointed Order of the British Empire (Civil) for service to the community and charities. During a career that spanned six decades, Gwen Plumb featured in radio, television and stage productions. She played Emmie in the ABC radio serial Blue Hills and also was a radio presenter for Radio 2GB. She played Ada Simmonds in the television series The Young Doctors, and featured in Richmond Hill and Harp in the South. During World War II, Plumb joined the Australian Women’s Land Army and worked in cherry-picking as part of the war effort when many men were called to service [2]. One of the founding members of the Belvoir Street Theatre (Sydney), she starred in the first Australian production of Steaming in 1983. In 1993 Plumb announced her retirement at a reunion of the Independent Theatre. She passed away at her home at Kirribilli on 5 June 2002. Published resources Book The golden age of Australian radio drama 1923-1960 : a history through biography, Lane, Richard, 1994 Newspaper Article Vivid vaudevillian, Fisher, Rodney, 2002 Plumb Crazy all these years, 2002 Plumb lines of excellence, 2002 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Anne Heywood Created 18 October 2002 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Patricia Dixon was the first aboriginal woman elected to local parliament in New South Wales, and the first Aboriginal woman federal candidate for the ALP. A Dunguddy woman, Patricia Dixon was born on the Macleay River near Kempsey, New South Wales and raised on a reserve near Bellbrook. Her extended family included many aunts and uncles, nine sisters and three brothers, but Patricia was separated from her family at the age of 13. Sent away by the Aboriginal Welfare Board, she worked in domestic service in a wealthy private home in Sydney. As an Aboriginal person growing up in the 1950s, she was excluded from high school, but attended primary school, and eventually returned to study as a mature-age student. After working in Sydney for several years, Patricia married Doug Dixon and had two sons, Graham and Douglas. The family soon moved to Armidale, where Patricia worked as a cleaner. She joined the Labor party in the late 70’s, and her involvement in local politics began. Much of her work since then focussed on enhancing Aboriginal involvement in local governance and mainstream civic affairs. In 1983 she was elected to Armidale City Council, becoming the first Aboriginal person elected to local government in NSW. Working with Lowitje (Lois) O’Donoghue, she saw numbers of Aboriginal people participating in local councils nationally build to over 600 in 1998. Dixon spent over 17 years in local government, serving on the Armidale City Council as a member and, for three years, as Deputy Mayor. She also worked for the Australian Local Government Association (Canberra) and the Department of Local Government in NSW. She served as Chairperson of the Armidale & District Aboriginal Cultural Centre and Keeping Place; was a member of the NSW State Committee for Reconciliation; and was the Chief Executive Officer of the Aboriginal Medical Service in Armidale at the time of her death. In 1997, Patricia Dixon was pre-selected by the Australian Labor Party in the seat of New England, becoming the first Aboriginal woman federal candidate for the ALP. She passed away just before the 2001 Federal Election was called. Published resources Resource Excerpt of speech by Lowitja (Lois) O'Donoghue, Lowitja O'Donoghue, 1998, http://labor.net.au/emilyslist/news/speeches/980321Lowitja.html Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Journal Article Hope for us all. -The importance of local government in strengthening Aboriginal communities., Pat Dixon, 1993 Newspaper Article Uphill Battle for Stronghold Seat, Hill, K., 1997 Author Details Clare Land Created 18 October 2001 Last modified 26 February 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Diary kept by Maude Bonney which includes an account of her crash on a Malaysian island in 1933. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 27 February 2018 Last modified 27 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Suzanne (Suzy) Orme has only run once for election to parliament. That was in 1999 for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Lane Cove. Suzy Orme is the senior consultant in an environmental consultancy, Enviroease, which specialises in environmental safety advice, products and training. In addition to her degrees (B Bus, P/G Dip Env. Stud), she is a qualified workplace assessor and trainer. She is an executive member of the Sydney Environmental Education Network Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 14 December 2005 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Interview conducted in Broken Hill as part of the AWAP Broken Hill exhibition. To be lodged with the Outback Archives, Broken Hill City Library. Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 3 March 2009 Last modified 3 March 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 8363 comprises correspondence, drafts and research material relating to Clarke’s books The governesses: letters from the colonies 1862-1882; A colonial woman: the life and times of Mary Braidwood Mowle, 1827-1857; Pen portraits: women writers and journalists in nineteenth century Australia; Pioneer writer: the life of Louisa Atkinson, novelist, journalist, naturalist; Tasma: the life of Jessie Couvreur; Life lines: Australian women’s letters and diaries, 1788-1840 (with Dale Spender), and Rosa! Rosa!: a life of Rosa Praed, novelist and spiritualist. Also contains correspondence with Janet Cosh (43 boxes, 1 carton).??The Acc06.025 instalment comprises papers relating to Clarke’s role as editor of Judith Wright’s autobiography, Half a lifetime, published in 1999, including material from Judith Wright, correspondence, notes, drafts, reviews and obituaries, ca. 1997-2000; research material on proposed writing on wartime censorship, ca. 1983; research material, ca. 1984-1988, for the chapter on Government House in Gables, ghosts and governors-general: the historic house at Yarralumla, Canberra (1988); and, papers, articles and talks, ca. 1989-2005 (4 cartons).??The Acc11.100 instalment comprises papers reflecting Clarke’s activities as a writer, editor, public speaker and member of academic and historical societies. They include material from Judith Wright, correspondence, notes, drafts and reviews relating to Clarke’s role as co-editor, with Meredith McKinney, of The equal heart and mind: letters between Judith Wright and Jack McKinney (2004) and With love and fury: selected letters of Judith Wright (2006); papers relating to Steps to Federation (2001), which Clarke edited; Australian dictionary of biography research material, correspondence and drafts; and other papers relating to Clarke’s PhD. Thesis, articles and talks. In addition there is correspondence, minutes and other records documenting Clarke’s roles in the Independent Scholars Association of Australia, the Canberra and District Historical Society and other organisations, between ca. 1950-2010, and papers relating to her Medal of the Order of Australia (10 boxes). Author Details Anne Heywood Created 3 November 2003 Last modified 6 August 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence; membership material; minutes; campaign notes; constitution; newsletters. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 30 December 2017 Last modified 30 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Melbourne, Vic. C. 1945-04. Group portrait of four “original” WAAAF officers with the Director WAAAF Group Officer Clare Stevenson after a WAAAF Staff Officers conference at Air Force Headquarters, Victoria Barracks. Left to right: Wing Officer Margaret Blackwood (at rear); Director WAAAF; Wing Officer Dorothy Hawthorn (front); Wing Officer Mary Rawlins; Wing Officer Gwen Stark. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 24 March 2003 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Sharon Davies is a committed Australian Democrats party member who ran in the following elections: House of Representatives for Patterson in 1996 and 1998. NSW Senate in 2001. New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Maitland in 2003. Sharon Davies was a single working parent of three children and a part time student at the University of Newcastle when she ran for the seat of Patterson in 2001. She chose to run for the Australian Democrats because she was disenchanted with the major parties’ adversarial style and preferred the Democrats’ efforts to create confidence and self-esteem in all Australians. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Created 12 December 2005 Last modified 14 February 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Tuesday Afternoon Group are a group of older women who joined the second wave of feminism in the 1970s whose issues were outside the main stream of feminist concerns of that time. These women were politically active both on older women’s needs such as housing, but also international political issues facing women in the third world. Molly Brannigan had attended the Decade of Women Conference in Mexico in 1975 and had gained a greater understanding of the needs of all women world wide. The women met at the Women’s Advisory Service to discuss issues each Tuesday Afternoon. Author Details Kathleen Bambridge Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 18 December 2009 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The collection includes: 1. Minutes, memoranda and correspondence relating to the position and working conditions of women in the Commonwealth Public Service, 1948-1952. The correspondents include Jean Arnot, G. A. Jeffries and Jean Payne. 2. Papers relating to the Canberra Branch Equal Pay Sub-Committee, 1951-1964. 3. Transcripts of the proceedings of the Female Rates Case before G.B. Castieau, Public Service Arbitrator, 1951 4. Miscellaneous papers on equal pay, 1958-64. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 17 April 2018 Last modified 17 April 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

[Published and manuscript items by Dr. C.H. Souter and Edith Harrhy. See also Series 25.] Author Details Alannah Croom Created 13 February 2018 Last modified 13 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 digital audio tapes (74 min.)??Professor Suzanne Cory, Director Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, talks about her family background; undergraduate degree at University of Melbourne; PhD at Cambridge on a particular transfer RNA and the research environment at Cambridge. She then discusses her reasons for choosing to work at Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in 1971 and some of the research undertaken at the Institute. Cory then talks about the Human Genome Project; her plans for the Institute as its Director; views on women in Australian science and her plans for the future. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 9 January 2018 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 audiocassette + master + notes Author Details Alannah Croom Created 9 January 2018 Last modified 6 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

20 minutes??Patience Howard talks about her family home called Wachanappi, moving to Bungaree in the country, schooling at Miss Dow’s boarding school at Glenelg, 1912 at “The Hermitage” in Victoria, and from 1914 at Frensham’s girls’ school in NSW, attending Bedford College in London to study history, 1920s attending an International Students’ conference in Prague, returning to Adelaide in 1924, becoming a teacher at Woodlands, then Girton where she met Mabel Hardy and they set up Stawell School at Mt Lofty, marriage in 1928 to Roy Howard and his early death, moving her children to Bungaree and then buying a house at Kensington Park, joining the Labor Party, working for meals on wheels, joining the lyceum Club and trips to Europe. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 6 April 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, newspaper clippings, programmes, photographs, studio portraits, printed items, legal documents, notes, music and ephemera relating to the career of Beatrice Tange as a concert pianist. Includes manuscript music by Miriam Hyde (‘Magpies at sunrise”, 1952) and Thomas B. Pitfield (‘Sonatina for piano’, 1942; and ‘Toccatina (The birds) for harpsicord or piano’). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 15 February 2018 Last modified 15 February 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Tilley’s Devine Café may not rival its namesake in the arenas of vice and criminality, but in Canberra and beyond, this institution has been celebrated for providing originality and flair for over twenty-two years. Named after the colourful Tilley Devine, Sydney’s infamous madam and ‘Bordello Queen’ of the 1920s, the café was established on the corner of Wattle and Brigalow Streets in Lyneham in January 1984 by owner and manager, Paulie Higgisson. On opening night a seating capacity of 60 was swamped by an eager crowd of 420. With elegant, dark wood fittings, a moody, deep red colour scheme, and soft jazz wafting between the old-fashioned booths lining the walls, there are some things essentially nostalgic and cinematic about Tilley’s romantic atmosphere, reminiscent of a Hollywood film noir. Its timeless in a way that’s hard to emulate in a youngish, fickle town like Canberra, where high turnover of night spots seem inevitably dictated by the relative hip-factor of the décor, the DJ and the cocktail menu. However, Tilley’s has achieved more than just create a creative ambience and space of effortless charm; it has been blazing a trail on multiple fronts from its inception. Initially established to create a safe and comfortable environment for women, Tilley’s caused its first commotion by banning groups of men drinking inside unless they were accompanied by at least one woman. ‘I just didn’t want a room full of blokes’, Higgisson told the Canberra Times in 2003. Despite the uproar (generated generally by men) this door policy was maintained for two years, solidifying a non-threatening atmosphere, a considerate client base, and in the process unintentionally racking up a good deal of free publicity. Tilley’s is also in a field of ‘firsts’, being the first licensed outdoor venue in Australia and the first bar to ban smoking indoors, eight years before any laws were introduced to enforce such a scenario. As a mecca for serious music appreciation, Tilley’s has over the years developed a formidable reputation within the industry and wider public. An awesome array of Australian and international artists have presented a continuous program for twenty-one years. Again an idiosyncratic policy of not serving food or drinks during performances so as not to detract from the show through the hubbub of drinking and dining marked Tilley’s as a connoisseurs’ choice. While not originally conceived as a live music venue, Higgisson’s skill and background as a music producer and sound engineer meant this side of the operation grew almost by osmosis. As an offshoot it became a remarkably strong trump card with Higgisson maintaining, in keeping with the Tilley’s legend, that in the last eighteen years she has never had to try and book a musician. Instead there has been a steady stream chasing her – among them have been guitarists Jose Feliciano, Slava Grigoryan and Karin Schaupp, Canned Heat, Screamin’ Jay Hawkins, legendary acts like the Animals, and songwriters like Jimmy Webb. Unfortunately, this approach has become a victim of its own success – ‘Keeping Music Live’, at least on a regular basis, is now untenable. As Higgison explained in an article in the Canberra Times, ‘The day the music died’, ‘We’ve had a fabulous reputation for our concerts and one of the reasons is that we keep the place pin-drop silent. It’s an environment that both artists and audiences won’t get anywhere else, except perhaps in a theatre. But by definition, it’s financially an unproductive time for us, all in the name of the civility of the gig.’ For this reason, plus escalating overheads and the unrelenting nature of planning such a series of events, Tilley’s famed weekly schedule of concerts ended with the ‘Last Hurrah’ on Sunday 30 October 2005. The news of Tilley’s live music demise has been greeted with much dismay across Canberra and beyond. However the stage has remained and Higgisson intends to stage live gigs from time to time, such as for the Multicultural Festival in February 2006. This entry was prepared in 2006 by Roslyn Russell and Barbara Lemon, Museum Services, and funded by the ACT Heritage Unit. Published resources Article Brief biography of Tilly Devine, The Australian War Memorial, http://www.awm.gov.au/fiftyaustralians/15.asp Prostitution regulation in colonial and early federal Australia, Perkins, Roberta, http://www.aic.gov.au/publications/lcj/working/ch2-1.html Resource Section Transcript of 'Razor Gang Feuds: Tilly Devine vs Kate Leigh', http://www.abc.net.au/dimensions/dimensions_in_time/Transcripts/s485143.htm Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Author Details Barbara Lemon Created 25 May 2006 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Read more about Alana Johnson in our sister publication The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia. The following text is reproduced in full and with permission by ABC Open. It was originally published in May 2017 as part of an online exhibition associated with ‘The Invisible Farmer’ Project (LP160100555) at https://open.abc.net.au/explore/196247. It may no longer be available online. From ‘farmer’s wives’ to farmers : the generation of change Alana Johnson, born in the mid-20th century is fifth generation farming in Victoria. Her growing up on a sheep and cattle property near Hamilton was significantly shaped by her mother’s role as a post war farmer’s wife and the post-depression hard work and ‘making do’ of her grandmother. Alana reflects on how our lives are determined by the era and conventions of the time we happen to be living. Feeling constrained by the geographical isolation and the social expectations of rural (and Catholic) girls in the early 1970s, Alana was desperate to expand her life. The provision of free university education by the Whitlam government in 1974 profoundly changed rural Australia. Thousands of young women like Alana were given an unprecedented opportunity to become first generation female university graduates in farming families across Australia. Following heady years of capital city university, life during the peak of second wave feminism and Germaine Greer, Alana like many of these young women returned to farms and rural communities not wanting to live the same lives as their mothers. They returned as agricultural scientists, veterinarians, teachers and social workers, with tertiary qualifications their male farming partners did not have. They had choices their mothers did not have, they could decide when and how many babies to have, they could earn an independent income, they determined what work they would do on their farms, they would no longer be relegated to being a ‘farmer’s wife’ and they lead the biggest social change in Australian farming history. In 1981, Alana chose to retain her own family name when she married, unheard of in her rural town and considered an act of ‘extreme women’s liberation’. She was known to tell the shocked locals she offered her husband to take her name but he declined. From embryonic beginnings such as meetings in Alana’s lounge room in the early 1980s, over the next two decades the rural women’s movement spread across the nation. Alana was a member of the inaugural reference group for the Victorian Rural Women’s Network, was a founding member of Australian Women in Agriculture, presented to the first International Women in Agriculture conference at Melbourne University in 1994, has been a speaker at and organiser of annual Women on Farms Gatherings in Victoria and interstate, was the national president of the Foundation for Australian Agricultural Women and has served on Ministerial Advisory Councils to name but a few. For a quarter of a century, the Australian rural women’s movement was the global leader and Alana together with many other rural women travelled the world to share their experience and support other women to become activists. Following her dream as an 18 year old, Alana truly did expand her life. Alana Johnson’s story is the story of a generation, a story of opportunity grasped, the story of farm women networking together, becoming visible, commanding recognition for their work on farms and demanding their seat at the decision-making tables in agriculture, agribusiness and politics. Over the past 35 years, Alana Johnson and Rob Richardson have raised two sons and have been breeding Angus cattle and growing trees on their property near Benalla. Alana was Victoria’s Rural Woman of the Year in 2010 and national runner up, she was named in the inaugural 100 Women of Influence in Australia and the inaugural 100 Women in Agribusiness for Australia. She was the first rural women to chair the Victorian Women’s Trust. Events 2018 - 2018 Inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women 2020 - 2020 For significant service to women through leadership and advisory roles. Published resources Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Alana Johnson interviewed by Nikki Henningham in the Rural and farm women oral history project. Author Details Alana Johnson (with Nikki Henningham) Created 23 April 2014 Last modified 5 March 2020 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1977; Photocopied typescript of Wacvie?1984; Photocopied typescript of Welou, my brother?1989; Two typescript versions of History of FCAATSI published as Turning the tide (1989)?1968; 1 x 16mm film “This land of theirs” made by Lilian Castles. A documentary account of ‘Walkathon City’ La Perouse recording the celebration of the 1967 referendum which ended Constitutional discrimination against Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders. The event was also to raise money for FCAATSI (Federal Council for the Advancement of Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders). A video copy is also included. (Locn No.: VT 522/1-2)?c.1986-1992; Twelve audio tapes of interviews with Faith Bandler. 1. ‘Faith Bandler on 8 Aug 1986 at Turramurra NSW by Sue Hardisty’. 2. ‘Surface Tension 86/26 – 6.9.86 Black Voices/White Ghosts’. 3. ‘Faith with Carolyne Craig Canberra 1987’. 4. ‘Faith with Mairi Nicholson 16.8.87’. 5. ‘Faith with Mairi Nicholson ABC’. 6. ‘Wacvie 1-6’ (3 tapes). 7. ‘Faith Bandler’s Lunch 16 Aug 91’. 8. ‘Daybreak Interview 14.10.92’. 9. Interviews with Peter Read ‘R12 and R13’ (2 tapes). (Locn No.: MLOH 242/1-12) Author Details Clare Land Created 19 November 2002 Last modified 24 October 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Papers, 1906-1965, including correspondence and notes relating to Miss Waddell’s work with the Native Plants Preservation Group, c. 1950s; correspondence and documents concerning her education and awards of O.B.E., 1964, and Australian History Medallion from the Field Naturalists’ Club, 1965. Includes notes on native flora in Victoria; Citation accompanying award of the O.B.E.; Letter from chairman of Forest Commission of Victoria congratulating Miss Waddell on the award of the Australian History Medallion, 21 October 1965; Letter from W. H. Craig, Secretary of the Town and Country Planning Board congratulating Miss Waddell on the award of the Australian History Medallion, 1 November 1965; Also biographical notes on Miss Waddell; Certificate awarding her a first class pass in the Honour School of Mathematics, Trinity Term 1906; Commission granting Miss Winifred Waddell the Dignity of an Ordinary Member of the Civil Division of the Order of the British Empire, signed by H.R.H. the Duke of Edinburgh as Grand Master of the Order and by H. M. the Queen. Also obituaries by O. S. Green and J. H. Willis. Author Details Ailie Smith Created 21 November 2002 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound tape reel (ca. 52 min.)??Miriam Hyde speaks of her writing and music; her autobiography; the relationship between words and music; setting poetry to music; her father’s gift for painting; influence of nature on her compositions; compositional style; her piece Trends; mathematics and music; Spanish influences; playing with an orchestra; publication of piano works. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 13 February 2018 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 hour 30 minutes??June Cochrane was born in Casterton, Victoria and moved with her family to Adelaide in 1944. She began training at the Royal Adelaide Hospital in December 1950. This was followed by midwifery training in Melbourne. A chronic disability (spondylitis) prevented her from continuing in clinical nursing and June choose a career in nursing education. For nineteen years she was Principal Nurse Educator at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital. She was also active in the professional affairs of the Royal Australian Nursing Federation, and council member of the Royal College of Nursing Australia. In 1981 June Cochrane left Adelaide to become Executive Director of the College. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 7 April 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence 1918-1934, papers and cuttings 1912-1922.??The nine letters from D. M. Bates are closely written on 4to paper and run from 2 to 7pp. Two letters 24 Dec. 1918 from Yulbari Camp and 30 Jan. 1919 are to T. E. Barr Smith. Four letters 1919-1922, chiefly from Ooldea, are to T. Gill. With them are three photographs taken at Ooldea 1919-1920. Letter 24 Mar. 1919 from Soldiers’ Home, Fullarton, returns enclosed proofs of a description of the Nullarbor by T. Brown with MS. Corrections by D. M. Bates. (T. Brown’s description is published in Procs R.G.S. A’sia S.A. Branch, v.l 9, pp.141-153.) Letter 7 Oct. 1919, 7pp. Is a description of Ooldea accompanied by typescript and printed sections with MS. Corrections. This description is published with two of the photographs mentioned above in Procs R.G.S. A’sia S.A. Branch, v.21, pp.73-78. Two letters 1934, with typescript copies, to T. E. Barr Smith concern the publication other Histories of the Native Tribes of South and Western Australia. Letters 1931 to or concerning D. M. Bates, with typescript copies, refer to her vocabularies of aboriginal languages.?The cuttings are pasted into a foolscap exercise book. They include a portrait of D M Bates. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 January 2018 Last modified 6 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The daughter and grand-daughter of Gippsland dairy farmers, Catherine Noy has always been involved in her local community. Based in Gippsland, she was at the geographical epicentre of the Women in Agriculture movement, and worked on the administration of the First International Women in Agriculture Conference, the Foundation for Australian Agricultural Women, and the projects of the Gippsland Women’s Network. After leaving her job at Agriculture Victoria in Warragul to raise a family, Catherine ran her own management administration service, and became involved at a critical moment in the administration of the First International Women in Agriculture Conference, with Maria Rose. She spent four years (1995-1999) as executive officer of the Foundation for Australian Agricultural Women, before moving on, as Networking Officer, to organise forums and skills workshops for the Gippsland Women’s Network, in response to needs highlighted by the conference. These included the Women Who Mean Business Project (2002-2004), the Uniting Our Rural Communities Cultural and Community Leadership Project (1997), and the Having Your Voice Heard Forum (2000). Catherine both experienced at first hand and witnessed the transformative effects of the Conference and its outcomes on the empowerment of rural women, and on their recognition of the importance of the links between them, and of their strengths. Women became innovators on family farms as a result. Catherine is currently involved in pastoral care for the aged, in counselling, and with Radio Print Handicapped. Published resources Conference Proceedings Women in Agriculture: Farming for Our Future, Women in Agriculture 1994 International Conference Committee Inc., 1995 Report Project Report: International Women in Agriculture Conference, Rose, Maria, 1994 Booklet The Salute From Australia at the 2nd International Conference on Women in Agriculture, McDougall, Valerie (ed.), 1998 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Brilliant Ideas and Huge Visions: ABC Radio Australian Rural Women of the Year - 1994-1997, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2011, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/rwya/rwya-home.html Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Mary Salce, 1976-2007 [manuscript] Author Details Janet Butler Created 24 August 2009 Last modified 22 August 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Hon. Justice Hilary Penfold has enjoyed a distinguished career in the public service and as a member of the judiciary. After becoming the first woman in Australia to hold the position of First Parliamentary Counsel, she achieved the further distinction of becoming the first woman to be appointed as Commonwealth Queen’s Counsel. She later became the first resident woman judge of the Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory. Penfold’s contribution to the public service, to drafting and to the development of law in Australia has been immense. Hilary Penfold was interviewed by Kim Rubenstein for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Oral History Project. For details of the interview see the National Library of Australia CATALOGUE RECORD. The Hon. Justice Hilary Penfold was born in 1953 in Dunedin, New Zealand; she was the first of seven children. When she was three, the Penfold family immigrated to Australia and settled in Wagga Wagga in New South Wales. In 1963 Penfold’s father, John, a lecturer in adult education with the University of Sydney, again moved the family – this time to Southampton in England for a 12-month sabbatical. Upon returning to Australia, the Penfolds settled in Sydney and Hilary, having won a scholarship to attend, entered Ascham School in the eastern suburb of Edgecliff. After leaving school, Hilary Penfold undertook a Bachelor of Arts and a Bachelor of Laws (from which she graduated with first-class honours) at the Australian National University. Residing at Garran Hall during her studies, she was involved in a range of extra-curricular activities concerned with the University’s Department of Philosophy, the theatre club (of which she was secretary), the Federal Law Review (of which she was a member of the editorial board), and as a founding member of Radio ANU [Trove]. In 1977 Penfold began working at the Commonwealth Office of Parliamentary Counsel (OPC): she would remain there for 20 years. Early projects included taxation legislation, stevedoring industry work, and companies and securities work involving State/Commonwealth negotiations. She was the only woman drafter at the OPC for some time and consequently became the first woman to progress to each senior level of the organisation. In 1984, when she was just 30 years old, Penfold was appointed to head the Attorney-General’s Department’s Special Projects Division for nine months. (The Canberra Times announced that she was the youngest public servant in the new Senior Executive Service [Canberra Times]). Two years later, Penfold became Second Parliamentary Counsel. In 1993, Penfold became the first woman to be appointed First Parliamentary Counsel; she would hold the position for a decade. By 1993 she had three children. She is credited as ‘leading by example’ when it came to balancing work and home life, and initiating such family-friendly policies as reasonable hours and part-time work options for male as well as female employees. Penfold’s contributions to the OPC also included managing large and complex drafting projects including: the Tampa legislation, workplace relations reforms; as well as the constitutional amendments proposed to create an Australian republic in 1999 [NLA], all of which she personally drafted in whole or in part. GST legislation and the original and revised native title legislation were also drafted during her time as First Parliamentary Counsel. Penfold also promoted innovations in drafting – plain language and technology advancements and an exchange of ideas between drafting offices in Australia and overseas [NLA]. Penfold was involved in the work of the Parliamentary Counsel’s Committee (a committee of chief parliamentary counsel of Australia and New Zealand), and was President of the Commonwealth Association of Legislative Counsel from 1999 until 2003 (an association of legislative counsel from across the British Commonwealth) [ANU]. She was also a member of the Board of Taxation from 2000 until 2004 [ANU]. In recognition of her significant contribution to legislative drafting for the Commonwealth Government, Penfold was awarded a Public Service Medal in 2000. The following year, Penfold was appointed as a Commonwealth Queen’s Counsel; she was the first woman to hold such an appointment [ANU]. In 2003, she chaired the Migration Litigation Review; commissioned by the then Attorney-General, the Hon. Philip Ruddock MP, the Review examined the increasingly large numbers of migration cases before the High Court, Federal Court and Federal Magistrates Court, and the very low success rate of applicants, and made recommendations for streamlining the appeal processes. In 2004 Penfold became Secretary of the newly-created Department of Parliamentary Services. At Parliament House she initiated an historic trial to determine how much water could be saved by turning down the building’s air-conditioning and oversaw the introduction of child care facilities in Parliament House [Peter Martin, NLA]. Penfold broke new ground again when, in 2007, she became the first female resident judge of the Australian Capital Territory Supreme Court. In 2011, in further evidence of Penfold’s administrative expertise and the respect it has garnered, the Supreme Court changed aspects of its case management and listing practices with a view to reducing the time taken to finalise matters lodged in or committed to the Court, based upon her recommendation [AustLII]. There was a significant drop in waiting times for trials within the first year after the new system was implemented. Penfold is the Patron of the Australian Capital Territory Women Lawyers Association; Member of the Governing Council and Executive Committee of the Judicial Conference of Australia; and Member of the Advisory Board, Federal Law Review. She is a past member of the Rhodes Scholarship Territories Selection Committee. Hilary Penfold’s contributions to the public service, to drafting and to the law have been considerable and inspirational. Published resources Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Archival resources National Library of Australia, Oral History and Folklore Collection Hilary Penfold interviewed by Kim Rubenstein in the Trailblazing women and the law oral history project Author Details Larissa Halonkin Created 30 May 2016 Last modified 1 November 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

For more than 20 years Sharon has reported on important stories both locally and internationally for ABC Radio. One of her documentaries prompted an Independent Commission Against Corruption inquiry into the use of prison informers. She covered the first democratic election in South Africa for Radio National, and was present in the refugee camps in Macedonia when Kosovars streamed across the border to escape the war. Sharon has won numerous awards for her work, including three Walkley awards, the Human Rights Award, the George Munster Award for Independent Journalism, and the International Women in Film and Radio Award. In 2000 she was awarded an International Reuters Scholarship to study at Oxford University. In 1995 Sharon took leave from the ABC to work as a media trainer with disadvantaged groups in South Africa. She lived and worked there for three years. Events 1991 - 1991 Best Investigative Report -Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1993 - 1993 Best Investigative Report – ‘Playing With Fire’ – Australian Broadcasting Corporation 2003 - 2003 Radio Feature, Documentary or Broadcast Special – ‘Crime and Punishment’ – Australian Broadcasting Corporation (with Nick Franklin) 2007 - 2007 Radio Feature, Documentary or Broadcast Special – Australian Broadcasting Corporation – ‘The Search for Edna Lavilla’, with Eurydice Aroney 1988 - Published resources Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 31 October 2007 Last modified 5 September 2012 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dr Laurel Macintosh served for nearly 40 years as an ophthalmic surgeon in Brisbane hospitals, working all the while for women’s rights and as a community activist. In her professional life, she chaired the Queensland Branch of the Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists. Her community work took her to the presidency of both the National Council of Women of Queensland (1977-1979, 1994-1996) and the National Council of Women of Australia (1979-1982), and to membership of state, national and international committees with the capacity to influence government. An achievement of which she is proud is the winning of the case for late night shopping for Brisbane and Ipswich in Queensland’s industrial court in December 1978. Laurel Macintosh was born on 29 April 1924 in country New South Wales, the daughter of C.H.V. Macintosh, a 5th-generation Australian. She was educated at Sydney Girls’ High School and the University of Sydney, graduating in general medicine in 1946. She trained in ophthalmology at the Royal Brisbane Hospital 1947-1951, and then as a surgeon at the Royal Eye Hospital, London, 1951-1953. She entered private practice in Orange, NSW, 1954-1958, then moved to Brisbane where she became a visiting ophthalmologist with the Royal Children’s Hospital and, later, with the Brisbane Repatriation Department, the Princess Alexandra Hospital, and the Narbethong School for the Visually Handicapped. She joined the Queensland Medical Women’s Society and the Ophthalmology Society (later Royal Australian College of Ophthalmologists) in 1958 and was made a Fellow of the College in 1995. She was also made an honorary life member of the Australian Medical Association in 1996, after 50 years in the profession, and of the Queensland Medical Women’s Association in 2004. Dr Macintosh joined the Quota Club, a service club for professional women, in Orange and then Brisbane. Her introduction to the National Council of Women came in 1960 when NCW Queensland asked Quota to find someone to take on the job of state convenor for women and employment, and Laurel was duly appointed (1960-1975). In 1964, she was recruited to serve as international secretary on Anne Hamilton’s ANCW Board; she remembers those Board meetings as ‘the most fun I [ever] had’. She took on the task of Australian convenor for women and employment from 1970 to 1973, and the ICW vice-convenorship from 1973 to 1979. Dr Macintosh’s work for NCW led her into broader leadership roles within the women’s movement: president of the Status of Women Committee (Brisbane) 1973-1976; vice-president of the United Nations Association Australia (Queensland) 1975-1978; chairman of the Queensland International Women’s Year Committee 1974-1976 and a member of the National UNAA IWY Committee, under the chairmanship of Ada Norris. In 1977, Macintosh became president of NCW Queensland and, on completion of this term in 1979, president of NCWA. She was rare among NCWA presidents in also holding down a full-time job, and only survived the workload by taking months of long service leave to allow her to travel within and beyond Australia. She remembers as a significant achievement of her presidency the development of close relations with the National Councils of Women of Thailand and Fiji-both ‘twinned’ with NCWA. The most memorable event of Macintosh’s presidency was the World Conference of the United Nations Decade for Women, held in Copenhagen in July 1980. She was one of 4 women from voluntary organisations who attended as official Australian government representatives-a role she found restrictive. Macintosh enjoyed good relations with politicians, state and federal, and with the federal Office of the Status of Women. When the Queensland government established an Advisory Council of Queensland Women 1975-1976, she was a founding member. Dr Macintosh continued her involvement with Quota, holding the Queensland presidency from 1959 to 1961 and again from 1988 to 1989. She presided over the Queensland Branch of the Royal College of Ophthalmologists 1972-1973, acted as a federal councillor of the College 1972-1974, and, in 1995, became a Fellow of the College. She was twice elected president of the National Council of Women of Queensland-in 1977 for 2 years and again in 1994 for 4 years. As president of NCWQ, she was instrumental in obtaining late night shopping for Brisbane and Ipswich in December 1978, which involved appearing as an advocate in the industrial court where she encountered the opposition of unions and shop-owners alike. She also served on the Queensland Consumer Affairs Council. From 1982 to 1991, Macintosh was ICW convenor for the Standing Committee for Women and Employment and she continued to serve as a consultant from 1991 to 1994. During her many years of the involvement with NCWA and the ICW, she attended triennial ICW conferences in Nairobi 1979, Seoul 1982, London 1984, Washington 1988, Bangkok 1991 and Paris 1994, as well as executive meetings in Brussels 1981 and Kiel 1983. Dr Laurel Macintosh was awarded a Queen’s Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977 and appointed to the Order of the British Empire in 1980 for her services to women. In 1984 she was made a life member of NCWQ and, in 1988, an honorary life vice-president of NCWA in recognition of her long and distinguished service to the organisation. In the same year (1988), she was appointed a dame in the Knights Hospitaller Order of St Lazarus, an international humanitarian organisation, and in 2001 was awarded an Australian Centenary Medal for service to the community as president of the National Council of Women in Queensland. ‘All people should have the opportunity to develop what talents they have to choose the life they wish to lead while recognising the rights of others to choose differently. We need tolerance and understanding of each other.’ Events 1988 - 1989 Quota Club of Brisbane 1973 - 1976 UNAA Status of Women Committee (Brisbane) 1974 - 1976 Queensland UNAA International Women’s Year Committee 1975 - 1976 Council of Queensland Women 1959 - 1961 Quota Club of Brisbane 1958 - Queensland Medical Women’s Society 1965 - International Council of Women 1994 - 1998 Queensland Museum Advisory Committee on the Status of Women Published resources Site Exhibition Stirrers with Style! Presidents of the National Council of Women of Australia and its predecessors, National Council of Women of Australia, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ncwa Book The National Council of Women of Queensland: The Second Fifty years 1955 - 2005, Buckley, Daphne M., 2005 Edited Book Who's Who of Australian Women, Lofthouse, Andrea, 1982 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection NCWA Papers 1984 - 2006 John Oxley Library, Manuscripts and Business Records Collection 7266 National Council of Women of Queensland Minute Books 1905-2004 Private Hands (These regards may not be readily available) Interview with Laurel Macintosh Author Details Jan Hipgrave, Marian Quartly and Judith Smart Created 3 September 2013 Last modified 8 August 2024 Digital resources Title: Laurel Macintosh Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A prominent unionist and social justice campaigner, Aileen Winifred Beaver ran as a Communist Party of Australia candidate for Auburn in 1978, for Elizabeth in 1981 and for the seat of Sydney in the House of Representatives in 1977, 1983 and 1984. Aileen Beaver left high school aged 14 and has been a union activist all her working life. Towards the end of the 60s Aileen Beaver decided to seek work in the metal industry in a successful effort to build support for a campaign to reintroduce equal pay in that industry. Women metal workers had been given equal pay during the second World War ‘to protect men’s jobs’, but this was removed when the war ended. She is credited as a writer and performer in the 1975 documentary ‘Don’t Be Too Polite Girls’ which addressed these issues. At the first Women’s Liberation Working Women’s Conference in Melbourne, Aileen tabled questionnaires completed by women in her Malleys workshop. The data revealed that women workers were often as concerned about being treated with respect as workers as they were about pay. Another measure of her success was her role as secretary of the Shop Committee in the male-dominated workforce at Malleys. She was also active in the Building Workers’ Women’s Committee, and the Working Women’s Group of Women’s Liberation. Equal pay, peace, abortion rights, childcare and International Women’s Day were prominent in the activities of the groups in which she worked. While at Malleys, in cooperation with Turkish women in the community, Aileen also successfully campaigned to establish a childcare centre in Auburn for their children. She retired to the Blue Mountains where she remained a diligent activist and advocate for the regeneration of natural bushland. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Aileen Beaver oral history interview Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 6 August 2024 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 hr., 11 min., 28 sec.??Italian child migrants Maria Guidarelli and Margherita Stefani talk about growing up, working and married life in Gwalia. Author Details Criena Fitzgerald Created 8 August 2012 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Catholic Women’s League Australia (CWLA) was established in 1975. It evolved from the Australian Council of Catholic Women, which began in 1928. Its major objectives are to enable women to participate more effectively in working for and building Christianity by promoting the spiritual, cultural, intellectual and social development of women. It aims to foster ecumenism and inter-faith dialogue and provides a national forum for the voice of the Catholic Women’s League Organisations in Australia. The member organisations comprise CWL South Australia Inc., CWL Western Australia Inc., CWL Tasmania Inc., CWL Victoria/ Wagga Wagga, Inc., CWL Queensland Inc., CWL NSW Inc., and CWL Canberra/Goulburn Inc. The CWLA is affiliated with the United Nations (UN) on a Roster Status. It is able to attend the UN meetings and conferences accredited to the UN as an observer. The CWLA conveys matters of social justice and issues relevant to women and the family to the Federal, State and Local levels of government. It also works with the World Union of Catholic Women’s Organisations, National Council of Women, Commission for Australian Catholic Women and the Office of the Status of Women. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources NULL Catholic Women's League Australia Inc. records Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 15 January 2004 Last modified 24 February 2004 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A collection of letters received by Mrs. Mary Cunningham of Lanyon, A.C.T. from her father Edward Twynam (approximately 400, 1897-1923); from her sister Joan and brother Edward written on active service as an Army nurse and with the Light Horse, respectively, 1914-1919; Pulling and Cossington Smith families, including Grace Cossington Smith, and other correspondents. Also a letter from Edward Twynam to his sister in England (1858) relating to the family in England; and letters from S. Nicholson and W. Cunningham at the Boer War. Author Details Kim Doyle Created 22 June 2012 Last modified 4 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Membership registers, minutes, correspondence, reports, newspaper cuttings, and a history of the Association of Queensland Women’s Forum Clubs.??Box 16872: Members Register of Club No. 1 (Brisbane) commencing February 1964; Minutes of Dinner Club No. 1 (Brisbane) May 1972- May 1977; Minutes of Club No. 1 (Brisbane) June 1977- June 1978; Club No. 2 (Brisbane) Wednesday Luncheon Club Records 1962-1978; Club No. 7 (Gold Coast) Records; Club No. 17 (Coolangatta/Tweed Heads) Membership Lists and Reports; Club No, 17 Meeting Agenda 1961-1977; Club No.13 (Coorparoo) agenda and reports; Darling Downs Regional Council Minutes, November 1985 – April 1999.?Box 16873: Two Membership Registers (all clubs); South East Regional Council Reports 1983-1985 (very imperfect), 1994 – 2001; South East Regional Council Minutes October 2002 – May 2005; South East Region Combined Meetings Reports, Correspondence and Ephemera, 1996 – 2006; South East Regional President’s Reports and Conference to Dias, 1997 – 2005; South East Region Invitations and Programmes for various functions and events; Instructions for Regional Presidents.?Box 16874: South East Regional Council Leadership Workshop Material, 1997 – 2004. Box 16875 O/S A3: Newspaper Clippings 1960s to 1980s; Report of the Townsville Convention 30 May – 1 June 1968; “A History of the Association of Queensland Women’s Forum Clubs: Founded 1941”.?Box 19617: Dais meeting minutes 2 December 1961 – 8 March 1975. Box 19618: Dais meeting minutes 12 April 1974 – December 1984. Box 19619: Dais meeting minutes February 1985 – February 1992. Box 19620: Dais meeting minutes March 1992 – May 1996. Box 19621: Dais meeting minutes June 1996 – November 2000. Box 19622: Dais meeting minutes December 2000 – October 2005. Box 19623: Dais meeting minutes November 2005 – April 2009; Metropolitan Council meeting minutes 17 September 1969 – 6 June 1986. Box 19624: Membership lists for Central Council 1977-1999, Darling Downs Council 1977-2000, Metropolitan Council 1975-2000, Northern Council 1977-2000, South East Region Council 1977-1999, Wide Bay and Burnett Council 1977-1993, New Clubs Officer 1983-1999, and Distant Clubs 1977-2001.?Box 20766: Biennial Conference minutes 1961-1997. Box 20767: Biennial Conference minutes 1997(cont.)-2013. Box 20768: Annual Meeting and Special General Meeting minutes, 12 September 1998-11 September 2010; Decentralisation Minute Book 1965-1969; Folder of information regarding Forum Q150 events; Constitution of Forum Communicators Association Inc., 1999; ‘Speaking with confidence and style: six steps to speaking in public’ pamphlet; Newspaper clippings folder 1960-1975; Newspaper clippings 1960-1971; Price lists; Correspondence, 1972; Ephemera. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 26 June 2018 Last modified 26 June 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In 1948 Hazel Dobson was commissioned by the first Minister for Immigration, Arthur Calwell to investigate the living conditions and social problems of newly arrived refugees. Her report successfully recommended the employment by the Department of Immigration of professionally qualified social workers to assist migrants and refugees experiencing settlement difficulties. It also successfully recommended the enlistment of community organizations in helping new arrivals settle through what became the Good Neighbour Movement. She became the first Director of The Department of Immigration’s Assimilation and Social Welfare Section and continued in that role until her death. Hazel Dobson was born in St Leonards, Sydney, the daughter of Robert and Agnes Dobson. After completing her Leaving Certificate at North Sydney Girls’ High School, she trained as a nurse. She then commenced a course in what was then called Social Study, offered in Sydney from 1929 by the Board of Social Study and Training. She graduated from it at the end of 1939. During 1942, she and H.E. Howes undertook a study of the wartime living conditions in the NSW town of Lithgow, where the expansion of the Small Arms Factory had caused a major population influx. Their study was published by the Industrial Welfare Division of the Department of Labour and National Service in 1943. Hazel worked in Canberra with Arthur Calwell before his appointment as the first Minister for Immigration in 1945. In late 1948 she was asked to prepare a research report on the living conditions of aliens living in the community, and of refugees in the Department’s Reception and Holding Centres. Her report successfully suggested that the Department employ professionally qualified social workers to assist migrants and refugees experiencing settlement difficulties. On 1 July 1949, she was appointed the first Officer in Charge, Assimilation and Social Welfare, by the Department of Immigration in Canberra. Her Section started with 39 positions for professionally qualified social workers, initially in Sydney, Melbourne and Perth. Her report also successfully recommended that the Department co-opt community organisations to assist it in settling newly arrived migrants and refugees. The Good Neighbour Movement fulfilled this role Australia-wide from 1950 to about 1980, with Tasmanian branches operating still. Hazel Dobson was described by one of her staff as ‘a tall, handsome woman with shortish iron-grey hair, decisive but gently spoken, approachable and not at all intimidating, who was supportive of her staff and gave them a great deal of autonomy’. Based in Canberra, she headed the Assimilation and Social Welfare team until her death in about 1961. Published resources Book Redefining Australians: Immigration, Citizenship and National Identity, Jordens, Ann-Mari, 1995 Alien to Citizen. Settling migrants in Australia 1945-75 Allen and Unwin in association with Australian Archives., Jordens, Ann-Mari, 1997 Newspaper Article '"Good Neighbor" To Aid Migrants', 1949 'More Friendship Should Be Shown To Migrants', 1949 'Social Workers Appointments', 1949 'Plan To Assist Migrants: S.A. "Good Neighbor" Committee Formed', 1949 Site Exhibition From Lady Denman to Katy Gallagher: A Century of Women's Contributions to Canberra, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2013, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/ldkg Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Ann Tündern-Smith and Ann-Mari Jordens Created 8 October 2013 Last modified 13 February 2014 Digital resources Title: Hazel Dobson Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Nikki Henningham Created 13 June 2006 Last modified 4 September 2008 Digital resources Title: Photograph of Frederika Steen, head of the Women's Desk, Department of Immigration and Ethinic Affairs, 1984-7 Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

35 letters by Daisy Bates to W. P. Hurst 1918-1922 (La Trobe No. Box. 595/Env. 3 Folder A); 30 letters by Daisy Bates to W. P. Hurst 1923-1926 (La Trobe No: Box/595/Env. 3, Folder B); 23 letters by Daisy Bates to W. P. Hurst 1927-1931 (La Trobe No. Box 595/Env. 3 Folder C); 30 letters (and fragments by Daisy Bates to W. P. Hurst 1933-1946 (La Trobe No. Box 595/Env. 4 Folder A); Articles by Daisy Bates (La Trobe no.: Box 595/Env. 4 Folder B); News cuttings 1919-1956 (La Trobe No. Box 595/Env. 4); Miscellaneous items (La Trobe No. Box 595/Env. 4, folder E); Miscellaneous correspondence (La Trobe No. Box 595/Env. 4, folder F) Author Details Alannah Croom Created 6 January 2018 Last modified 6 January 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Ursula McConnel is recognised as an influential anthropologist of the Cape York Peninsula and a talented amateur photographer. McConnel used her photographs to illustrate publications of her research in magazines and ethnographic journals such as Oceania and Walkabout. She was also a collector of Indigenous artefacts. Content added for original entry by Lee Butterworth, last modified 11 June 2009 As one of the first students of A. R. Radcliffe-Brown’s Australian tenureship, Ursula McConnel conducted ethnographic fieldwork as a participant-observer in western Cape York Peninsula between 1927 and 1934. She worked chiefly among the Wik peoples, particularly the Wik Mungkan based at Aurukun Mission. As part of her anthropological study McConnel amassed a substantial material culture collection of over five hundred artefacts. Together with Donald Thomson’s collection from the same area, it forms a unique record of Wik Mungkan material culture from that period. In 2006 a large collection of professional papers belonging to Ursula was discovered and donated to the South Australian Museum. Ursula McConnel was an academic and a talented amateur photographer who used her photographs to illustrate her articles, which were published in magazines and ethnographic journals such as Walkabout. Ursula Hope McConnel was born at Cressbrook, Queensland on 27 October 1888. The eighth child of ten, her parents were James Henry McConnel and Mary Elizabeth (née Kent). They were farmers and graziers. She attended the Brisbane High School for Girls and went on to the New England Girls School in Armidale, NSW. A gifted student, she obtained first class honours in Philosophy at the University of Queensland. In 1905 she went to London where she took classes in history, literature and music at King’s College. Two years later in 1897 she returned to Australia and enrolled at the University of Queensland, where she completed a Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in 1918 and an MA with first class honours in 1921. Following this, in 1923 McConnel began a PhD in anthropology at University College in London, under the supervision of (Sir) Grafton Elliot Smith and William Perry. However, she did not complete her doctorate due to ill health and loneliness, and in 1926 returned to Australia. This was to prove a fateful decision, since it prevented her from ever attaining an academic position. She subsequently studied at the University of Sydney under the anthropologist Alfred Radcliff-Browne, who trained her in the techniques of fieldwork. Working under Radcliffe-Brown, the focus of her academic endeavour was an ethnographic study of the Aboriginal people of the people of the Cape York Peninsula and their culture. Beginning in 1927 she undertook five field trips to the Cape York Peninsula and conducted research into the Wik Mungkan. As part of her research project she took numerous photographs documenting the people and their artefacts. Joan Kerr in Heritage: The National Women’s Art Book has suggested that these photographs differ little from those taken by other male academics. She adds that there was little interest in women’s issues within the scholarly world at the time (Kerr 106). One such photograph is Food is carried in Dilly Bags Suspended from the Forehead’ (1936). Used to illustrate her article ‘Cape York Peninsula: Development and Control,’ it made no mention of women’s work, its only focus being the artefacts. She used the same photograph for her article ‘Inspiration and Design in Aboriginal Art.’ McConnel’s more ‘private, informal photographs,’ however, told a very different story to the official photographs. From these it is clear that she did indeed develop a particular interest in women’s artefacts and women’s business. The same photographs also show a more personal response to her sitters, their relaxed faces and postures reflecting the connection that had formed between her and the Indigenous people she met. McConnel published Myths of the Munkan (Melbourne, 1957) as well as numerous articles, many of which were published in Oceania and Walkabout. She was also a collector of Indigenous artefacts; these are held by a number of museums in Australia. While still working in Cape York, McConnel was awarded a Rockefeller fellowship to study under Edward Sapir at Yale University. Sapir was the pioneer of anthropological linguistics and this was consequently to become an important component of her fieldwork alongside photographic documentation and the collection and description of artefacts. McConnel never married, despite her striking good looks. At a time when most women were dependent financially on husbands, she made enough money to support herself through her investment in wool bonds and was able to retire in the mid-1930s. For the next 20 years she lived in Creswell. She died suddenly of a brain haemorrhage aged 69 in Brisbane on 6 November 1957. Sadly, academic recognition of and respect for her achievements only came after her death. Today, along with the work of Donald Thomson, her publications form the foundations of present-day anthropological research on Western Cape York Peninsula. Collections McConnel Collection, South Australian Museum Mitchell Library, State Library of New South Wales South Australia Museum Archives Ursula McConnel Collection, National Museum Australia Content added for original entry by Lee Butterworth, last modified 11 June 2009 Ursula Hope McConnel was born on the family property, Cressbrook, at Toogolawah, Queensland, to James Henry McConnel and Mary Elizabeth, née Kent. Her aunt, Mary Bundock, later Mrs Murray-Prior, was a significant early collector of Aboriginal artefacts from the Richmond River district of New South Wales and may have encouraged Ursula in developing a professional interest in the Aboriginal people of Queensland. After school at The Brisbane High School for Girls (Somerville House), and the New England Girls Grammar School, Armidale (New South Wales), Ursula went to London. She took courses in history, politics, literature and music between 1905 and 1907 at the women’s department, King’s College. Ursula enrolled at the University of Queensland in 1913, graduating BA with first class honours in 1918. She was appointed honorary demonstrator in the Philosophy Department where her brother-in-law, Elton Mayo, was professor. In 1922 she returned to London and enrolled as a PhD student in cultural anthropology at University College, London. In 1926 McConnel abandoned her thesis and returned to Australia to commence fieldwork among Aboriginal Australians in North Queensland with Professor Radcliffe-Brown of Sydney University. She stayed at the Presbyterian Mission at Aurukun as the guest of Reverend William and Geraldine (Gerry) Mackenzie, the friends and helpers of Frances Derham. McConnel, however, was publicly critical of the mission, and as a result she and other anthropologists were banned from it. In 1930 she received a grant from the Australian National Research Council and went to Cairns. From there, she and her friend Margaret Spence returned on horseback to Cape York, despite mission opposition. Although she published scholarly articles in Oceania and was awarded a Rockefeller Fellowship to study under Edward Sapir at Yale University, Connecticut, United States of Americia in 1931, she was excluded from academic employment (which she bitterly resented) and denied a PhD on the grounds of insufficient publications. When research and fieldwork funding also dried up in the late 1930s, McConnel went into semi-retirement. She purchased a house at Eagle Heights, south of Brisbane in the late 1940s and continued to write up her field data on the Wik-Mungkana for publication, producing her book, Myths of the Munkan (1957), with help from her friend the poet Judith Wright, in the year of her death. The importance of McConnel’s scholarly contribution was recognized after her death. With those of Donald Thomson, her publications form the foundations of present-day anthropological research on Western Cape York Peninsula. She had devoted much of her life to this endeavour, driven by a sense of duty and justice towards the Aboriginals with whom she had worked. Published resources Book Native arts and industries on the Archer, Kendall and Holroyd Rivers, Cape York Peninsula, North Queensland, McConnel, Ursula H, 1953 Myths of the Munkan, McConnel, Ursula H, 1957 Journeys to the Interior, Rothwell, Nicholas, 2010 Brilliant Careers - Women collectors and illustrators in Queensland, McKay, Judith, 1997 First in Their Field: Women and Australian Anthropology, Marcus, Julie; Lepervanche, Marie de; McBryde, Isabel; Prior, Mary Ellen Murray; White, Isobel; Morris, Miranda; O'Gorman, Anne; Marcus, Julie and Cheater, Christine, 1993 Unexpected Treasure: Surprise Discovery of Early Anthropological Papers by Ursula McConnel in Adelaide, Sutton, Peter, 2006 Book Section The snake, the serpent and the rainbow : Ursula McConnel and Aboriginal Australians, O'Gorman, Anne, 1993 Ursula McConnel, Kerr, Joan, 1995 Only Sticks and Bark: Ursula McConnel - Her Collecting and Collection, O'Gorman Peruso, Anne, 2008 Resource Section McConnel, Ursula Hope (1888 - 1957), O'Gorman Perusco Anne, 2006, http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A150214b.htm Surprise Discovery of Early Anthropological Papers in Adelaide, Sutton, P, 2006, http://www.aas.asn.au/Newsletter/2006/103%20AAS%20Newsletter%20September%202006.pdf Ursula McConnel, Kerr, Joan, 2011, http://www.daao.org.au/bio/ursula-hope-mcconnel/biography/ Journal Article Cape York Peninsula: Development and Control, McConnel, Ursula Ursula McConnel : A Woman of Vision, O'Gorman, Anne Ethnographic Artifacts and Value Transformations, Henry, Rosita, Otto, Ton and Wood, Michael, http://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/29209/4/29209_Henry_et_al_2013.pdf Australian Anthropologists and Political Action 1925-1960, Sutton, Peter Ursula McConnel's Tin Trunk: A Remarkable Recovery, Sutton, P., 2010, http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/tandf/trssa/2010/00000134/00000001/art00007 Thesis Feminist Anthropology Thesis Topic: Re-reading Australian Women Ethnographers; a Feminist Appraisal of the Anthropological Work of Phyllis Kaberry, Olive Pink and Ursula McConnel in the 1930s, Leslie, Christina, 1995 Ursula McConnel: The Archaeology of an Anthropologist, O'Gorman, Anne, 1989 Perhaps if there had been more women in the north, the story would have been different: Gender and Race in North Queensland 1840-1930., Henningham, Nikki, 2000 Edited Book Heritage : the national women's art book, 500 works by 500 Australian women artists from colonial times to 1955, Kerr, Joan, 1995 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition The Encyclopedia of Women and Leadership in Twentieth-Century Australia, Smart, Judith and Swain, Shurlee (eds.), 2014, http://www.womenaustralia.info/leaders Archival resources The University of Adelaide, Barr Smith Library Rare Books & Special Collections Sir John Burton Cleland (1878-1971) - Papers, principally relating to anthropology and medicine South Australian Museum Archives Letters from Ursula McConnel to Fry Oceania vol. Xxl McConnel, Ursula Hope (AA 191) John Oxley Library, Manuscripts and Business Records Collection Ursula McConnel Author Details Anne Maxwell (with Morfia Grondas and Lucy Van) Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 4 July 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

2 hours (approx. to date)??A series of interviews recorded to support a photographic collection held at the Latvian Museum, Adelaide called ‘A Window to Community Life of Displaced Persons before Migration to Australia.’ The stories focus on the experiences of displaced Latvians in Europe after the Second World War and the circumstances that led them to migrate to Australia. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 18 June 2006 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Victorian Children’s Aid Society, originally named the Presbyterian Society for Neglected and Destitute Children, was established with the aim of rescuing ‘neglected and destitute children’. Its officers comprised a president, two vice presidents, a secretary and a committee. Although an initiative of the Presbyterian Church, by October 1894, it became interdenominational and independent, with its name changed to the Victorian Neglected Children’s Aid Society. The Society took in children, the majority of whom required temporary assistance and were the children of the ‘deserving poor’, and placed them with families in the country, who cared for them and educated them. Older children were taught household or farm work. It decided upon another name change in 1920, to the Victorian Children’s Aid Society. In 1991 it became Family Focus and in 1992 it merged with other children’s organisations to form Oz Child-Children Australia. As a result of a bequest Mrs Maria Amour left to Selina Sutherland, the Presbyterian Society for Neglected and Destitute Children was formed to continue the work that she and Selina Sutherland had begun in Melbourne. The founding president was the Reverend A Stewart. The Reverend J Thomson was the other man involved in the early committee. The founding committee comprised Mesdames Armstrong, Young, Sinclair, McCallum, Picken, Stewart, Hughes, Gunn, Munro, Roberts, Lambie and Misses Lorimer, Sutherland, Houston, Catt, Thomson, Sinclair, Gunn. Miss Selina Sutherland, as Agent of the Society, assumed responsibility for the care and placement of the destitute children. She was a Scottish nurse who had come to Melbourne via New Zealand, where she had been visiting her married sister. She met Mrs Maria Amour in Melbourne who had been involved in caring for homeless children. Selina Sutherland understood the importance of such work and decided to stay and assist with the children. As the Victorian Neglected Children’s Aid Society, it comprised five Honorary medical officers, and two Honorary Auditors. Mrs Bevan became president, with the Reverend Stewart as chairman. Miss Laws and Mrs McCallum were secretary and treasurer. The Council included Alfred Deakin, who was to become a prime minister of Australia, and Alexander Peacock who was premier of Victoria at the time of Federation. The Society worked from premises in La Trobe St from 1895 until 1901 when it moved to Swinburne House in Parkville. In 1908 Miss Sutherland left the Society and died shortly after in 1909. Courts committed children to the care of the Society or alternatively, parents or guardians signed the children over to it if they were unable to look after them. The Society accommodated these children in its home, but endeavoured to send them to approved foster homes in the country. Fostered children remained under the legal control of the Society and were visited by its Agents and social workers. As well as completely caring for children in this way, the Society also accepted children for short periods while their parents were in hospital or convalescing. In 1966 the Society removed its home and headquarters from Parkville to a new building at Black Rock. Published resources Book Selina's legacy: from VCAS to Oz Child, Hilton, Della, 1931-, 1993 Thesis The Victorian Charity Network in the 1890s, Swain, Shurlee, 1977 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources State Library of Victoria Records, 1893-1993 [manuscript]. Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 1 October 2003 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Records, comprising minutes, correspondence, reports and working files; also, documents relating to the Parliamentary Sub-Committee on the Philippines, 1985-1986, briefing papers, photographs and other documents of the Australian Human Rights Fact-Finding Mission, 1987; also, papers relating to the Philippines Action Support Group and Women in Solidarity with Women in the Philippines. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 15 August 2006 Last modified 29 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Copies of the original typescript prepared by Margaret Kentley, entitled: “Sometimes the pilot wears a skirt”. This is a brief history of the development of aviation in Australia through the stories, experiences and associations of women pilots. Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 8 October 2004 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, personal documents, contracts, cutting books, photographs, radio scripts, and manuscripts of plays, novels and short stories. The correspondence includes letter written by Gwen Meredith to her family on her overseas trips in 1953, 1969 and 1973, letters relating to her research for ‘Blue Hills’, and papers documenting her long association with the Australian Broadcasting Commission. Correspondents include Ainsworth Harrison, John Blewitt, Gladys Blewitt, Beatrice Davis, W. Cousins, John Douglass, Charles Goldsmith, Sir Charles Moses, Frank Zeppel, James Pratt, F. D. Clewlow and Leslie Rees. There are incomplete sets of scripts of The Lawsons’ and Blue Hills’. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 16 October 2002 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dr Rosalie Balkin is former Director of Legal Affairs and External Relations at the International Maritime Organization (IMO) (London). While she held this position she also served as Secretary of IMO’s Legal Committee and for a time also as IMO’s Assistant Secretary-General. She was previously Assistant Secretary in the Office of International Law at the Federal Attorney-General’s Department in Canberra, Australia. She has held academic posts, including at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa; at the University of Melbourne and University of New South Wales in Australia; and at the University of Cambridge, UK. Born in South Africa in 1950, Dr Rosalie Balkin completed her education (BA, LLB and PhD) at the University of the Witwatersrand. She emigrated to Australia in 1977, and was admitted as a Barrister, New South Wales Supreme Court and a Barrister and Solicitor, Australian Capital Territory Supreme Court in 1987. Between 1977 and 1987, she held a variety of short term, academic positions in Australia, the United Kingdom and Canada. Between 1987 and 1998 she worked in the Office of the Australian Attorney-General, first as Counsel; then Attorney-General Senior Government Counsel; then Assistant Secretary, Office of International Law. She joined the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in August 1998 as Director, Legal Affairs and External Relations Division and was promoted in 2011 to Assistant Secretary-General. She retired 31 December 2013. Published resources Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Author Details Rosalie Balkin (with Nikki Henningham) Created 18 May 2016 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1 sound file (ca. 89 min.)??Sally Mitchell born in Cohuna, Vic. Talks about her father’s sawmill; her family background; the local timber source and the local state forest which is now a national park; the relationship between him as an independent miller and the forest commission; how the industry still operates in the area; the property she lives on ‘Wattle Creek’; learning her business skills from her mother; her education; getting a job in the National Bank; marrying; overseas travel, getting an illness which prevented her from working fulltime when she returned; leasing property at Gannawarra and Torrumbarry, running sheep and cattle; the purchase of a dairy farm; rural finance; her husband’s illness and death (1992); Austin Hospital; the birth of her daughter (India) in June 1992; working the farm with hired help; her nomination for the ABC Rural Woman of the Year Award, winning the state award; public speaking; invitations to join boards and statutory authorities.??Mitchell discusses her involvement in the Victorian Women’s Advisory Council; how farm living should not be an emotional decision but a financial one; working at the Kerang TAFE with rural women; understanding the extent of rural women’s marginalisation; Cohuna Women in Agriculture Committee, teaching chemical handling and a women’s only Artificial Insemination course; her degree through Monash distance education, completing a Diploma in Education; meeting the other ABC Rural Woman Award nominees; Joan Kirner; getting involved in Agripolitics, United Dairy Farmers, Women’s Advisory Council, Target 10, Goulburn Murray Water; her Women in Agriculture involvement; being asked by IMG management group to join there stable of public speakers; women as agents of change in rural environments; Dairy Industry; horse riding being a very important part of their family life; Global Financial Crisis; her remarriage. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 27 April 2011 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A once-only candidate who ran for the Liberal Party in Lake Macquarie in 1981. Judith Ball studied medicine at the University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, and community medicine in Hong Kong. At the time of her campaign she was a member of the Belmont Branch of the Liberal Party. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 1 September 2008 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A prominent figure in New South Wales (NSW) local government, Barbara Armitage is credited with preventing Bondi Beach from becoming a high-rise precinct. She was an ALP candidate for Vaucluse in 1995, Alderman for the Waverley Municipal Council from 1979-1997 and Mayor of Waverley between 1987 and 1997. Barbara was appointed an OAM in 2002. Barbara Armitage was born in Sydney and was educated at Bondi Public School and Dover Heights Girls’ High School. She worked for the NSW Council of Social Services, as a Judge’s Associate and as a Project Officer to the Minister’s Advisory Service on Family and Children’s Services. Barbara joined the ALP in 1973 and has held numerous positions at branch and electorate level. In 2005 Barbara Armitage won the Local Government Outstanding Service Award. She was Mayor of Waverley for 10 years, the longest term served by a Mayor of Waverley in 150 years. Elected Mayor in 1987 with a policy to resist high-rise development on Bondi Beach, she implemented a Heritage Conservation plan. She also encouraged cultural events centred on Bondi, including the Festival of the Winds, Flickerfest and the Fringe Festival. She was Chairperson of the Sydney Coastal Councils. She was appointed to the Local Government Grants Commission, becoming Chairman in 1999. Barbara Armitage was a member of the Premier’s Crime Prevention Council and is an accredited mediator with the Community Justice Centre. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Site Exhibition Putting Skirts on the Sacred Benches: Women Candidates for the New South Wales Parliament, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2006, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/pssb/home.html Author Details Annette Alafaci Created 6 December 2005 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Charity Organisation Society of Melbourne was established in 1887 to help co-ordinate Melbourne’s charitable organisations and to foster the ideal of ‘self-help’ in the poor. The Society’s 21st Annual Report expressed the view that ‘to strengthen a man’s backbone rather than provide him with crutches, should be the aim of charity’. It has been claimed that it contributed to the development of social work as a profession, based on suitable training in appropriate disciplines. In 1947, the organisation became known as the Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria, reflecting a change in its approach towards casework counselling. It is now known as the Drummond St Relationship Centre. The Charity Organisation Society of Melbourne objects were to: encourage and organise charitable work and to promote co-operation within the different organisations; ‘to check imposture and professional mendicity, and to discourage indiscriminate alms-giving’; to inquire into all applications for assistance with the intention of determining if and in what way each case can be helped; to provide necessary relief during inquiry or pending arrangements with charitable institutions or assistance from other sources; to maintain a wood yard, or other labour test, so that the means of earning food and shelter shall be open to any applicant able and willing to work; to establish a loan fund; to keep records of all cases for reference and to maintain a Central Register of help given by all relieving agencies. The Society operated out of 47 Collins Place , Melbourne. It moved to premises at 197 Drummond St Carlton in 1947, when it changed its name to the Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria. The Society was administered by an Executive Committee which included the Office bearers and a committee of twelve, which the Council elected. No more than six of the Committee were to be ‘ladies’. Published resources Book Charity warfare: the Charity Organisation Society in colonial Melbourne, Kennedy, Richard, 1985 The Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria 1887-1987: a short history, Anderson, Paul, 1987 Report Annual report of the Charity Organisation Society of Melbourne, Charity Organisation Society of Melbourne, 1907 Journal The Charity review, 1909 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources The University of Melbourne Archives Charity Organisation Society Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria Citizens Welfare Service of Victoria Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 19 November 2003 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Cash books, 1977-1981; Correspondence, 1977-1981; Files, 1977-1981; Magazines, 1977-1981 (including Atelier); Press releases, 1980; Reports, 1980; Circulars. Author Details Jane Carey Created 22 September 2004 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

1. Sonata for oboe and piano. 2. Trio for oboe and violins Author Details Clare Land Created 6 November 2002 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Moira Rayner is a senior lawyer with particular expertise in workplace relations and anti-discrimination law, management and policy advice and investigations with a penchant for working closely with employers who appreciate the benefits of diversity and workforce participation. She chaired the Law Reform Commission in WA; was Commissioner for Equal Opportunity for Victoria; a Hearings Commissioner for the Australian Human Rights Commission; and an Acting Anti-Corruption Commissioner. In 2016 she is a practising lawyer, conciliator, mediator and educator: some of her research and other appointments have included Melbourne University (Advisory Board Labour Law Centre; Senior Fellow), Deakin (Adjunct Professor, Centre for Human Services), RMIT (Adjunct Professor School of Social Inquiry); Murdoch (Visiting Scholar), UWA (Lecturer, Senior Fellow Law School, Visiting Fellow at the Australian Centre) and Curtin (Lecturer) and Australian Institute of Family Studies (Deputy Director, Research). Go to ‘Details’ below to read a reflective essay written by Moira Rayner for the Trailblazing Women and the Law Project. The following additional information was provided by Moira Rayner and is reproduced with permission in its entirety. Moira Rayner was born and educated in New Zealand. She was raised in a family environment of high academic expectations and Presbyterian values within a large network of extended family, in Dunedin. In her childhood New Zealand was socially, if not economically, a thriving and egalitarian country gradually coming to terms with its history of dispossession of the first Polynesian inhabitants and deliberate failure to meet its obligations under the Treaty of Waitangi (1840). Moira’s family had been early settlers, and her great grandfather the Minister for Native Affairs, John Bryce, who was held responsible for much of the violent confrontations between Pakeha militia and Maori and especially for the dire consequences of imprisoning pacifist activists during the second wave of Land Wars in the latter part of the 19th century. In her final year at Columba College, aged 16, Moira’s family moved to Western Australia. At that time Perth was and seemed to her the most isolated capital city in the world. Throughout her subsequent career Moira has been and remains committed to the principle that every person has and should be able to exercise fundamental human rights at any age, whatever their personal characteristic such as social origin, ‘class’, race, disability and gender, particularly to participate effectively in the decisions that affect their lives. She established and ran her own law firm in Western Australia for 14 years, chaired the Social Security Appeals tribunal for 7; then chaired the Law Reform Commission in WA for 4 years, publishing reports on the evidence of children and other vulnerable witnesses, consent to medical treatment, laws prohibiting incitement to racial hatred and the authority of Justices of the Peace, among others. Moira Rayner became Victoria’s Commissioner for Equal Opportunity in 1990 and then a full time consultant to the international firm now known as Norton Rose Fulbright, where she established the firm’s Discrimination Law Practice, for 6 years while she was also a Hearings Commissioner of the Australian Human Rights Commission. After setting up the Office of Children’s Rights Commissioner for London (2000) she was appointed to the Anti-Corruption Commission and then its successor, the Crime and Corruption Commission before she returned to Victoria. She is (2016-2017) Chair of the Law Institute of Victoria’s Workplace Relations Section, which has 2700 members. Moira represents and advises employers on managing employee and management participation in workplace decision making as a solicitor in her current Melbourne practice. She has handled thousands of complaints and grievances as investigator, conciliator, mediator and arbiter; and conducted many law reform and quasi-judicial or investigative reviews including ethics and professional standards within the Anglican and Catholic churches; is an inspiring speaker, educator and trainer; mentors and supports people affected by investigations as well as managers affected by problems, and has also published two best-selling books. Career Highlights Moira established her own legal firm in WA (1975): this practice regularly provided free legal services to grossly disadvantaged people particularly mental patients, Aboriginals, migrants, children, and abused and battered women from that time, and she continued to do so at the Western Australian Bar (1985-1990). Founding member of the WA Association of Family Law Practitioners and of the Family Law Section of the Law Council of Australia: as member of its then Courts (Federal) Committee was responsible for drafting the Council’s recommendations on the future of the Family Court (1987) under the chairmanship of the Hon. Daryl Williams QC later Attorney General in the Howard Coalition government. Vice Chair of the Welfare and Community Services Review (WA, 1983-1985) which, inter alia, caused a controversially adapted behaviour modification program in a children’s detention centre to be abandoned, introduced the concept of community-based services for children into the Department for Community Welfare, legislation and practice, and significant reform into the then child protection system (1983-84) Chaired the WA Child Care Planning Committee (1984-85) – this Commonwealth/State/non-government collaborative body was responsible for planning, implementing and coordinating the first ever provision by government of planned child care services in Western Australia. The Committee involved all three levels of government – Commonwealth (establishment and recurrent fees, sitting fees), State (provided land, architectural services and project management) and Local (support to centre management committees.) in a new collaborative model. Its Chair reported to both the Commonwealth and the State Ministers for Community Services. The Committee, with minimal resources, planned and eventually caused to be built and operate 11 community-managed child care centres/community houses with government-provided child care services, and changed the child care regulatory and inspection structure to enable a cost-effective model and an effective matching of supply and demand for child care across the community. Established Childright Inc, a voluntary association of lawyers for children and expert social workers, whose object was to improve the quality of decision-making by courts and tribunals affecting children in Australia, in 1986, on the model of the (then) effective Guardian ad Litem network in the UK After completing a Churchill Fellowship (1987) to study legal representation of children in the UK, established (with WA Law Society funding) the first training program for lawyers representing children in Australia (1988) through Childright. First woman Commissioner (full-time) (1986) and then first woman to be twice elected to chair the Law Reform Commission in Western Australia (second woman in Australia, after Elizabeth Evatt, to chair any LRC) 1988-90 Consultant to the HREOC Inquiry, Our Homeless Children, wrote a report on WA’s compliance with the Declaration on the Rights of the Child (1988). Helped establish and fundraised as well as chaired the Board of Directors of the National Children’s and Youth Law Centre Inc. (1993-2000) (based in Sydney) raising the profile of children’s rights and advocacy of their status and participation with government, including test cases on behalf of classes of children (Mt Druitt children’s successful civil action for defamation against a newspaper that profiled their ‘failure’) and individuals. Its website, Kidstuff, won international recognition (2000). Responsible for the report for the (federal) minister for Family Services, The Commonwealth’s Role in Child Protection, while Deputy Director of the Australian Institute of Family Services (1995) In 2000, established the Office of Children’s Rights Commissioner for London, which modelled effective participation of children in its own activities and at regional government level, by the Mayor of the Greater London Authority. This office also consulted effectively with children on their views of government and their city, published the first of a series of ground breaking research reports, The State of London’s Children (2001) and in partnership with the Greater London Authority, created the first children’s strategy for one of the world’s great cities to be predicated on the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (2003, 2004) and which obliged the GLA to require consultation and evaluation of all mainstream strategies in terms of the Convention right of children to participate in decisions that affect them. As Acting Commissioner for Equal Opportunity, WA, 2002 introduced a public inquiry into the reasons for the persistent and rising rate of complaints by Aboriginal people about their access to public housing and allegations of discrimination against the State Housing Commission (2002) Was a commissioner of the WA Anti Corruption Commission (2002-2004) and an acting (occasional) commissioner of its successor, the Corruption and Crime Commission (until 2005). As Commissioner for Equal Opportunity in Victoria (1990-1994): Established the first Koorie community education and conciliation program by allowing it to be devised and run by Aboriginal staff to meet the unique needs of Aboriginal and TSI community in accessing equal opportunity complaints and a responsive community education regime By instituting proceedings for injunctive relief pending the resolution of the Commission’s finding that women prisoners detained in men’s prisons were subjected to discrimination, preserved the rights of women prisoners and ensured that government plans to close women’s prisons and collocate women with male prisoners were abandoned. The then Kennett government had proposed to close women’s prisons and co-locate men and women detainees in Pentridge Prison, in 1993. The Commission had conducted a formal statutory investigation into co-detention of women and men prisoners and concluded that such would be unlawful discrimination against women. Her public stand on this issue led to the proposal not being proceeded with, and her role being temporarily abolished. Rayner has been a social commenter and advocate of the rights and civil liberties of all peoples to participate fully and on terms of moral equality as citizens of their chosen communities, throughout her career. She has published and participated publicly on the proper uses of power in a representative democracy, civil society, ethics, and the human rights of disadvantaged groups, particularly children. Details of many of Moira Rayner’s published articles, conference papers, magazine and newspaper columns and speeches can be found at or through her website. Published resources Book The Women's Power Handbook, Kirner, Joan and Moira Rayner, 1999 Rooting Democracy - Growing the Society We Want, Rayner, Moira and Lee, Jenny, 1997 Article Feminist Fighter, Rayner, Moira, http://home.vicnet.net.au/~abr/FebMarch00/ray.html Book Section Foreword, Rayner, Moira, 2000 Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Author Details Moira Rayner Created 12 May 2016 Last modified 21 November 2019 Digital resources Title: Moira Rayner Type: Image Date: 3 May, 2023 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Letters written by Kylie (Tennant) Rodd and her husband, L. C. Rodd to their friend Doris Chadwick. Most are written from Laurieton, N.S.W. and are undated. There are a small number of dated letters, 1942 to 1960, and press cuttings relating to Kylie Tennant. Author Details Alannah Croom Created 10 April 2018 Last modified 10 April 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

A journalist with extensive experience in the print and electronic media Jill Singer has worked at all levels behind and in front of the camera and microphone across Australia for both commercial and public broadcasters. Jill has produced and presented radio programs from remote rural locations, and designed, produced and presented national television news and current affairs programs. As well as winning awards for television broadcasts on architectural and medical issues, Jill won the Walkley award in 1992 for best television investigative journalist and the Quill award for best television current affairs report in 1999. Jill Singer won the 1992 Walkley Award for best television investigative journalist for the story called ‘Baby M’. The story took six weeks to prepare and was described by the judges as ‘an outstanding report which investigated the circumstances surrounding very emotional issues – the death of a severely abnormal baby’. It was a story of national significance because it hinged on fundamental inadequacies in Australian law regarding the rights and obligations of doctors and parents in relation to the treatment of very disabled or sick newborn babies. In the course of producing the story, Singer negotiated exclusive access to doctors, specialists, Right to Life advocates and ‘Baby M’s’ parents. As a direct result of the story, the Victorian Law reform Commission drew up guidelines for parents and doctors so that the trauma endured by ‘Baby M’s’ parents would never be repeated. Events 1984 - 1992 - 1992 Best Investigative Report (Television), ‘Baby M’, Australian Broadcasting Corporation 1992 - 1992 Gold Award – Best Piece of Journalism, ‘Baby M’, Australian Broadcasting Corporation Published resources Newspaper Article 'Inspiring' reporter and journalism educator Jill Singer dead at 60, Carmody, Broede and Lallo, Michael, 2017, http://www.theage.com.au/entertainment/tv-and-radio/inspiring-reporter-and-journalism-educator-jill-singer-dead-at-60-20170608-gwmxi9.html Report The Media Report: Women in the Media, Warren, Agnes, 1995, http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/mediarpt/mstories/mr161101.htm Site Exhibition The Women's Pages: Australian Women and Journalism since 1850, Australian Women's Archives Project, 2008, http://www.womenaustralia.info/exhib/cal/cal-home.html Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Media, Entertainment and Arts Alliance (Australia) - records of the W.G. Walkley Awards, 1956 - 1999 Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 14 November 2007 Last modified 31 May 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Patience Rosemary Thoms was elected as the eighth president of the International Federation of Business and Professional Women at the Eleventh International Congress (1968) in London, England and held that position until 1971. She was the first International President from Australia, and also the first from the Southern Hemisphere. She had previously served as Australian President from 1960-1964. She was the Women’s News Editor of The Courier Mail for twenty years from 1956. As President of the International Federation of Business and Professional Women (IFBPW), Pat Thoms made it a goal to visit as many affiliates as possible to facilitate two-way communication. During her previous twenty-two years of membership, she had held many positions of leadership in both Brisbane Professional Women (BPW) Australia and the IFBPW and was well qualified for leading the organisation, founded in 1930, into its fortieth year. Although she lived 13,000 miles from International Headquarters in London, Australia’s geographical location meant that she had to pass over or through many countries in order to get to Headquarters. She therefore made it a point to visit as many affiliates as possible on her way to and from Executive Committee meetings. Logging over 200,000 miles during her term of office, President Thoms visited members in twenty-nine countries. The trip that was both the longest in distance and shortest in duration covered 29,000 miles in fifteen days! She wrote a history of the first 25 years of the Australian Federation of Business and Professional Women’s clubs, 1947-1972. On her retirement as the Women’s News Editor of the Courier Mail in 1976 aged 60, she applied for admission to the Bachelor of Arts program in the School of Modern Asian Studies at Griffith University. She graduated in 1980. She worked part-time for the University as a public relations consultant from 1982 to 1986 before being elected to the University Council as a member of Convocation and an appointee of the Governor-in-Council. In 1981 she became first chair of the new Brisbane College of Advanced Education Council. In 1988, she was elected deputy Chancellor of Griffith University and held the position until 1990. She was admitted to the degree of Doctor of the University in 1990. Griffith University awards the Patience Thoms Indigenous Australian (Honours/Postgraduate) Scholarship annually. The scholarships are designed to assist Indigenous students moving onto Honours and Graduate studies at the University. Patience Thoms regarded herself as a feminist, “but not a radical one”. In an interview with a female journalist in 1995, she recalled: “the changes over the years since 1946 when I first became associated with the business and professional women’s organization are really quite extraordinary”. “Today’s feminists don’t think it’s changed enough, and it hasn’t. There are many things that still need to be done.” Associated organisations: Member of the Queensland Film Board of Review (1974-1985) Member of Ethics Committee of the Australian Journalists’ Association Member of the National Drug Advisory Council Member of the Council of Queensland Women Published resources Resource History: 1968 - 1971 Patience R. Thoms, BPW International, http://www.bpw-international.org/about-bpw/about-bpw-history-vol2-1968-1971.htm# Patience Thoms OBE DUniv, Griffith University, http://www.griffith.edu.au/office-vice-chancellor/pdf/thoms-plaque.pdf Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Author Details Lee Butterworth Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 12 February 2019 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Madge Cope discusses the Union of Australian Women. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 1 April 2004 Last modified 7 November 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

8 sound files Author Details Alannah Croom Created 12 September 2014 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Minutes, reports, correspondence, Medical Women’s International Association conference and congress material, mailing lists, financial records, press cuttings and printed material. Author Details Maggie Shapley Created 26 August 2004 Last modified 23 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The Federal Women’s Committee ( FWC) was established at the inaugural meeting of the Federal Council of the Liberal Party in August 1945. It is the peak body representing women in the Liberal Party and acts as a voice for women in the development of policy and party organisational matters. Its aims are to promote and encourage women to become involved in political life, to contribute effectively to the formulation of policy and to assist the Party in implementing its decisions through effective community interaction. Each State and Territory Division of the Liberal Party has a women’s section, with constituted powers and representation at senior Party levels. Another role of the Federal Women’s Committee is to act as a coordinating body of women’s work and activity within the divisional Women’s Sections, receiving and distributing information from the women in the Divisions and reporting to the Federal Executive of the Party through the President of the Committee. The President of the Committee is also a member of the Advisory Committee on Federal Policy. The voting membership of the Federal Women’s Committee comprises the Chairperson of each state and ACT Women’s Section, the woman Federal Vice-President of the Party, the President and Immediate Past President of the Federal Women’s Committee. The Committee usually meets in Canberra three or four times a year to discuss policy issues. The Liberal Party of Australia was the first political party in Australia to make provision for equal numbers of men and women in some of its senior Party positions, particularly in the Victorian Division, which has had a formal provision for equal representation at vice-presidential level. Published resources Pamphlet The Australian woman: her future and opportunity, Liberal Party of Australia, 1949 Book Beryl Beaurepaire, McKernan, Michael, 1999 Women of influence: the first fifty years of women in the Liberal Party, Sydenham, Diane, 1996 Menzies' child: the Liberal Party of Australia, 1944-1994, Henderson, Gerard, 1994 A Liberal nation: the Liberal Party & Australian politics, Simms, Marian, 1982 The Australian Liberals and the moral middle class: from Alfred Deakin to John Howard, Brett, Judith, 2003 Robert Menzies' forgotten people, Brett, Judith, 1992 Liberal women : Federation to 1949, Fitzherbert, Margaret, 2004 Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Records of the Liberal Party of Australia, Federal Secretariat, circa 1945-1990 [manuscript] Author Details Rosemary Francis Created 31 March 2004 Last modified 29 October 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

4 sound files (approximately 4 hr. 45 min.) Author Details Helen Morgan Created 4 February 2015 Last modified 22 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Following the introduction of the Legal Practitioners Act of 1905, Agnes McWhinney became the first Queensland woman to be admitted as a legal practitioner in 1915. Agnes was also the first female solicitor to practise in Queensland. Agnes McWhinney wanted to be a doctor after she graduated from Townsville Grammar School. The nearest medical school was in Sydney and very expensive, therefore Agnes was persuaded by her brother Joseph, who had nearly completed his Articles of Clerkship in Townsville at Wilson and Ryan, solicitors, to take articles herself. In 1910 Wilson and Ryan accepted Agnes as an articled clerk which was a revolutionary step at the time. Northern Supreme Court Judge Mr Justice Pope Cooper was not impressed with the idea of a woman entering his legal profession and became distinctly choleric at the very mention of her name. Ultimately he was unable to fault her qualifications and conduct and found himself powerless to find any basis on which to refuse her admission. On 7 December 1915 Agnes was admitted to practise as a solicitor which was sufficient to make her a part of Australian history. Agnes undertook work of the same complexity and importance as that of her colleagues, however, she was paid the same as the unqualified office boy. Agnes did not stand for her bosses’ discrimination and her persistent protests resulted in her wage rising to 3 pounds ten shillings per week. Agnes continued to practise as a solicitor with the firm until 1919 when she married Lowell Mason Osborne on 23 March 1920. After her marriage Agnes did not undertake paid employment again but used her skills in community service. The Queensland Law Society’s award, which commemorates 100 years of women in the law, is named in honour of Agnes McWhinney. Published resources Resource Agnes McWhinney, The Supreme Court of Queensland Library, 2003, http://www.sclqld.org.au/schp/exhibitions/witl/biographies/mcwhinney.htm Agnes McWhinney (1891 - 1987), The State of Queensland; Department of Communities, 2009, http://www.women.qld.gov.au/q150/1910/index.html#item-agnes-mcwhinney Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Book Section Agnes McWhinney, Bird, E., 2005 Site Exhibition Australian Women Lawyers as Active Citizens, Trailblazing Women Lawyers Project Team, 2016, http://www.womenaustralia.info/lawyers Author Details Lee Butterworth Created 22 June 2009 Last modified 14 November 2016 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Established in 1979, the Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils of Australia (FECCA) is the peak, national body representing Australians from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. FECCA is a non-political community-based organisation that advocates, lobbies and promotes issues on behalf of its constituency to government, business and the broader community. Apart from its national office professional staff, it is supported by the work of a voluntary Executive Council. FECCA strives to ensure that the needs and aspirations of Australians from diverse cultural and linguistic backgrounds are given proper recognition in public policy. The organisation works to promote fairness and responsiveness to its constituency in the delivery and design of Government policies and programs. FECCA promotes Multiculturalism as a core value that defines what it means to be Australian in the 21st century. FECCA works to protect the fundamental rights of all Australians, regardless of cultural, spiritual, gender, linguistic, social, political or other affiliations or connections. The 1978 Galbally Review of post arrival programs and services for migrants set the scene for the establishment of the Federation of Ethnic Communities Councils of Australia (FECCA) in 1979. The report focused on migrant community concerns over the lack of equity in accessing education, employment, communication, legal and social services that particularly highlighted the inequalities in the labour market. A range of recommendations were documented, including the recommendation that ethnic communities themselves had a vital role to play in advancing multiculturalism in Australia. FECCA boasts a number of achievements but its strength lies in the number of key advocacy activities that include: The need for affordable translating and interpreting services, The need for English language services, adult migrant English programs and training and retraining programs, Recognition of overseas qualifications, The elimination of racial discrimination in any form, The need for media services to meet the needs of our diverse population, including SBS television and radio, community radio and multilingual media organisations throughout Australia, A non-discriminatory immigration policy, A balanced immigration program with particular emphasis on family reunion and humanitarian entrants, The abolition of the two-year waiting period for migrants to access social security benefits, Inclusive social policies, promotion of multiculturalism, and acceptance of cultural, linguistic and faith diversity, Strong social justice policies, The benefits of productive diversity by recognising and capitalising on our culturally and linguistically diverse workforce. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Archival resources National Library of Australia Ethnic spotlight : newsletter of the Federation of Ethnic Communities' Councils of Australia FECCA congress report / Federation of Ethnic Communities' Councils of Australia Inc. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 11 September 2006 Last modified 20 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Correspondence, curriculum vitae, newspaper cuttings and miscellaneous papers. Includes papers regarding Bessie Mabel Rischbieth. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 26 March 2004 Last modified 5 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

In the nineteenth century Italians priests performed missionary work in Queensland, Western Australia and the Northern Territory and the Italian linguist Raffaello Carboni played a significant role in the Eureka Stockade revolt of 1854. Small Italian communities catered to miners on the goldfields of Victoria and Western Australia. In 1885 a group of some 300 migrants from northern Italy established a traditional Italian community called ‘New Italy’ in northern New South Wales (NSW). Italian fishermen also established communities along the south coast of NSW, Port Pirie and Fremantle. During this period Italian labourers arrived in Queensland to work on the cane fields. By the late 1930s, one third of all Australia’s Italian migrants lived in the cane-growing regions of Queensland. Italians also became involved in market gardens, comprising about 40 per cent of Queensland’s market gardeners. In 1947 the population of the Italy-born was 33,632 persons and by 1971 the number had increased to 289,476 persons. Most of the Italian migrants came from Sicily, Calabria and Veneto and settled in metropolitan areas. Italy experienced economic buoyancy after 1971, and this prompted many Italians to leave Australia and return to Italy. This led to a decline in the size of the Italian population in Australia. The 1996 Census recorded a drop in the number of Italy-born persons to 238,216. The latest Census in 2001 recorded 218,750 Italy-born persons in Australia, a decrease of 8 per cent from the 1996 Census. The 2001 distribution by State and Territory showed Victoria had the largest number with 90,810 followed by New South Wales (60,640), South Australia (25,040) and Western Australia (23,090). The median age of the Italy-born in 2001 was 62.0 years compared with 46.0 years for all overseas-born and 35.6 years for the total Australian population. The age distribution showed 0.4 per cent were aged 0-14 years, 0.7 per cent were 15-24 years, 11.9 per cent were 25-44 years, 45.0 per cent were 45-64 years and 42.0 per cent were 65 and over. Of the Italy-born in Australia, there were 114,860 males (52.5 per cent) and 103,900 females (47.5 per cent). The sex ratio was 110.5 males per 100 females. At the 2001 Census, the rate* of Australian Citizenship for the Italy-born in Australia was 79.9 per cent. The rate for all overseas-born was 75.1 per cent. Published resources Edited Book The Australian People: An Encyclopaedia of the Nation, Its People and Their Origins, Jupp, James, 2001 Journal Article Lena Santospirito - the Person, Santospirito, Tony, 2001 Book A profile of the Italian Community in Australia, Ware, Helen, 1981 Archival resources Italian Historical Society Santospirito Collection National Library of Australia, Manuscript Collection Papers of Franca Arena, 1959-2005 [manuscript] Mitchell and Dixson Libraries Manuscripts Collection Franca Arena - papers, ca.1960-2000 State Library of South Australia Italo-Australian Women in South Australia : SUMMARY RECORD [sound recording] Interviewers: Marina Berton & Caterina Andreacchio State Library of Victoria Music of migrant groups in Australia, [197-?]. [sound recording]. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 18 June 2006 Last modified 16 September 2013 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

51 minutes??Kathleen Russell was born at Mount Gambier, South Australia. She came to Adelaide to live in 1936 and explains how involvement in the Housewives Association was one of the activities she turned to after she was widowed in the late 1960s. In speaking of the Association’s membership and activities, she describes ‘at homes’ held at the Adelaide headquarters where companies would demonstrate their goods in an effort to achieve endorsement. This aspect of the Association’s activities, and others such as lobbying government about prices, has declined markedly in recent years. A former Vice-President of the Housewives Association, Mrs Russell kindly offered to be interviewed because those who had most to do with running the Association over the last 20 years, such as Lorna Hausler, were either no longer alive or were too ill and unable to do so. Consequently, the interview is really an overview of the Association as Mrs Russell is aware of it. Author Details Anne Heywood Created 2 February 2004 Last modified 28 December 2017 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Manuscript, photos, annual reports, minute books, unpublished typescript histories. Author Details Nikki Henningham Created 5 February 2007 Last modified 5 February 2007 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Patricia Rawlings served with the WRAAC for 23 years. She has held executive positions with state and national WRAAC Associations.

The Unemployed Women’s Union was a response to the economic downturn of 1980. The members wanted to debunk the myth of married women who were working as the cause of unemployment, to defend the right for all women to work, and to act as a support group for unemployed women. They picketed employers, published a newsletter, spoke at rallies, wrote letters to newspapers and politicians, and applied for jobs en masse. The Unemployed Women’s Union was a response to the economic downturn of 1980. They wanted to debunk the myth of married women working as the cause of unemployment, defend the right for all women to work, and as a support group for unemployed women. The picketed employers laying off women and published a newsletter called ‘Fury’. They provided speakers at rallies, wrote letters to newspapers and politicians, and applied for jobs en masse. They formed the Unemployed Women’s Union Support Group. The union liaised with the Working Women’s Centre on issues of discrimination, unfair dismal. Unemployed Women’s Union produced stickers, badges, pamphlets and made a banner for marches. They participated in the Beef March of 1980. This was a reference to a famous march of unemployed in Adelaide during the Great Depression. Some of the women involved included Silver Moon, Betty Fisher, Jillinda Thompson, Anne Farrer, Chris Wijesinha, Lyz Holdsworth, Claire Groves, Evelyn Dent and Dale Bacon. Published resources Resource Trove, National Library of Australia, 2009 Newsletter Liberation, 1970 Archival resources State Library of South Australia Adelaide Women's Liberation Movement Archives Collection Unemployed Women's Union : SUMMARY RECORD Author Details Kathleen Bambridge Created 18 December 2009 Last modified 21 November 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

MS 6000 consists primarily of material collected by Andrews during her research into traditional social dance in Australia, although her political activism, medical research and personal interests are also represented in the collection. The collection comprises correspondence, handwritten notes, publications, photocopies of articles and book extracts, photographs and other graphic material (25 boxes, 1 elephant folio).??The Acc12.117 instalment comprises the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) Andrews received in 1994 for her contribution to Australian dance. The engraving on the medal verso reads “Shirley Aldythea Andrews” (1 packet). Author Details Alannah Croom Created 2 January 2018 Last modified 27 March 2018 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)