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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "France's highest courts are located in Paris. The Court of Cassation, the highest court in the judicial order, which reviews criminal and civil cases, is located in the Palais de Justice on the Île de la Cité, while the Conseil d'État, which provides legal advice to the executive and acts as the highest court in the administrative order, judging litigation against public bodies, is located in the Palais-Royal in the 1st arrondissement. The Constitutional Council, an advisory body with ultimate authority on the constitutionality of laws and government decrees, also meets in the Montpensier wing of the Palais Royal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Eugster/Frismag", "paragraph_text": "Eugster/Frismag AG, headquartered in Amriswil, Switzerland, is an OEM producer of home appliances, especially coffee machines which are sold under many well-known international brand names. Eugster/Frismag manufactures around 20% of all Nestle machines as well as other machines for brands such as Jura, Koenig, Melitta, Moulinex, or Turmix. The annual production totals 5 million coffee machines. Alongside Saeco, Eugster/Frismag is one of the world's largest producers of coffee machines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Costa Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Costa Coffee was founded in London in 1971 by the Costa family as a wholesale operation supplying roasted coffee to caterers and specialist Italian coffee shops. Acquired by Whitbread in 1995, it has since grown to 3,401 stores across 31 countries. The business has 2,121 UK restaurants, over 6,000 Costa Express vending facilities and a further 1,280 outlets overseas (including 395 in China).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Coffee production in India", "paragraph_text": "Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states, with Karnataka accounting for 71%, followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu (5% of overall production with 8,200 tonnes). Indian coffee is said to be the finest coffee grown in the shade rather than direct sunlight anywhere in the world. There are about 250,000 coffee growers in the country; 98% of them are small growers. As of 2009, Indian coffee made up just 4.5% of the global production. Almost 80% of Indian coffee is exported; 70% is bound for Germany, Russia, Spain, Belgium, Slovenia, United States, Japan, Greece, Netherlands and France. Italy accounts for 29% of the exports. Most of the export is shipped through the Suez Canal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Arthur D. Hay", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Douglas Hay (1884–1952) was an American attorney and judge in Oregon. He was the 62nd Associate Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, serving from 1942 to 1952. Prior to his appointment to the state's highest court, Hay served as a state circuit court judge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Supreme Court of Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court of Puerto Rico — (TSPR)— is the highest court of Puerto Rico, having judicial authority to interpret and decide questions of Puerto Rican law. The Court is analogous to one of the state supreme courts of the states of the United States; being the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico the highest state court and the court of last resort in Puerto Rico. Article V of the Constitution of Puerto Rico vests the judicial power in the Supreme Court—which by its nature forms the judicial branch of the government of Puerto Rico. The Supreme Court holds its sessions in San Juan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Kansas Supreme Court", "paragraph_text": "The Kansas Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in the state of Kansas. Composed of seven justices, led by Chief Justice Lawton Nuss, the court supervises the legal profession, administers the judicial branch, and serves as the state court of last resort in the appeals process.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "Spanish Supreme Court is the highest court for all cases in Spain (both private and public). Only those cases related to human rights can be appealed at the Constitutional Court (which also decides about acts accordance with Spanish Constitution).\nIn Spain, high courts cannot create binding precedents; however, lower rank courts usually observe Supreme Court interpretations. In most private law cases, two Supreme Court judgements supporting a claim are needed to appeal at the Supreme Court.\nFive sections form the Spanish Supreme court:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "The titles of state supreme court vary, which can cause confusion between jurisdictions because one state may use a name for its highest court that another uses for a lower court. In New York, Maryland, and the District of Columbia the highest court is called the Court of Appeals, a name used by many states for their intermediate appellate courts. Further, trial courts of general jurisdiction in New York are called the Supreme Court, and the intermediate appellate court is called the Supreme Court, Appellate Division. In West Virginia, the highest court of the state is the Supreme Court of Appeals. In Maine and Massachusetts the highest court is styled the \"Supreme Judicial Court\"; the last is the oldest appellate court of continuous operation in the Western Hemisphere.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Kopi luwak", "paragraph_text": "Kopi luwak (Indonesian pronunciation: (ˈkopi ˈlu. aʔ)), or civet coffee, is coffee that includes part - digested coffee cherries eaten and defecated by the Asian palm civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Kopi luwak", "paragraph_text": "Although kopi luwak is a form of processing rather than a variety of coffee, it has been called one of the most expensive coffees in the world with retail prices reaching €550 / US $700 per kilogram. The price of farmed (considered low - grade by connoisseurs) kopi luwak in large Indonesian supermarkets is from US $100 per kilogram (five times the price of a high quality local arabica coffee).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Courts of England and Wales", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court is the highest appeal court in almost all cases in England and Wales. Before the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 this role was held by the House of Lords. The Supreme Court is also the highest court of appeal for devolution matters, a role previously held by the Privy Council.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court is the highest court in Ireland. It has authority to interpret the constitution, and strike down laws and activities of the state that it finds to be unconstitutional. It is also the highest authority in the interpretation of the law. Constitutionally it must have authority to interpret the constitution but its further appellate jurisdiction from lower courts is defined by law. The Irish Supreme Court consists of its presiding member, the Chief Justice, and seven other judges. Judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the President in accordance with the binding advice of the Government. The Supreme Court sits in the Four Courts in Dublin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Western Highlands Province", "paragraph_text": "Western Highlands is a province of Papua New Guinea. The provincial capital is Mount Hagen. The province covers an area of 4,299 km2, and there are 362,850 inhabitants (2011 census), making the Western Highlands the most densely populated province (apart from the National Capital District). Tea and coffee are grown in the Western Highlands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the \"Supreme Court\", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the \"Supreme Court\" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mourad Benchellali", "paragraph_text": "On February 17, 2010, the Court of Cassation, the highest court in France, ordered a re-trial of the five men.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Xen Coffee", "paragraph_text": "Xen Coffee is an independent siphon coffee bar in Hong Kong. Xen Coffee's first coffee shop was in Quarry Bay. Xen Coffee serves highly selective coffee varieties from Africa, Indonesia, Central and South Americas. Xen Coffee was awarded Best Fair Trade Cafe in Hong Kong for its effort as a pioneer in promoting Fair Trade products like chocolate from Ghana, organic coffee from Ethiopian Yirgacheffe and the rainforest of Guatemala in Hong Kong. \"Time Out\" magazine (Hong Kong edition) has selected Xen Coffee as one of Hong Kong's 20 Best Coffee Spots. Xen Coffee has also been covered in \"My Coffee Guide\" written by Moses Chan, a coffee geek and celebrity in Hong Kong. Helen Chow, the head Siphonist of Xen Coffee was awarded the title of World Siphonist by the Specialty Coffee Association of Japan (SCAJ) to honor her achievement as second runner-up in the World Siphonist Championship (WSC) 2010. The founder of Xen Coffee, Dixon Ip, is the first person in China to obtain certifications from both the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) and Coffee Quality Institute (CQI) as SCAA Cupping Judge and CQI Licensed Q Grader. Xen Coffee focuses on educating the local community on coffee beyond espresso and promoting the concept of enjoying specialty coffee from single origins.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Supreme Court of Christmas Island", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Court of Christmas Island was the highest court for Christmas Island, an external territory of Australia. The court was originally established in 1958 after sovereignty over the island was transferred from the United Kingdom to Australia. The court had jurisdiction to deal with all serious crimes and major civil claims for damages occurring on the island. The court was abolished on 10 May 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Israel has a three-tier court system. At the lowest level are magistrate courts, situated in most cities across the country. Above them are district courts, serving as both appellate courts and courts of first instance; they are situated in five of Israel's six districts. The third and highest tier is the Supreme Court, located in Jerusalem; it serves a dual role as the highest court of appeals and the High Court of Justice. In the latter role, the Supreme Court rules as a court of first instance, allowing individuals, both citizens and non-citizens, to petition against the decisions of state authorities. Although Israel supports the goals of the International Criminal Court, it has not ratified the Rome Statute, citing concerns about the ability of the court to remain free from political impartiality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "In South Africa, a \"two apex\" system existed from 1994 to 2013. The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) was created in 1994 and replaced the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa as the highest court of appeal in non-constitutional matters. The SCA is subordinate to the Constitutional Court, which is the highest court in matters involving the interpretation and application of the Constitution. But in August 2013 the Constitution was amended to make the Constitutional Court the country's single apex court, superior to the SCA in all matters, both constitutional and non-constitutional.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 89788, "question": "where is most of the worlds coffee grown", "answer": "Brazil", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 25092, "question": "What is the highest court in #1 ?", "answer": "Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Sultanate of Lahej", "paragraph_text": "Lahej was sultanate of the 'Abdali dynasty. In 1740 the 'Abdali sultan became independent. It became independent thanks to the fracturing of the Zaidi State in north Yemen. The Sultanate of Lahej became an independent entity, from 1728 to 1839.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "History of taxation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports (``tariffs ''), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. There are state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th amendment was ratified.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Treaty of Paris (1783)", "paragraph_text": "This treaty and the separate peace treaties between Great Britain and the nations that supported the American cause -- France, Spain, and the Dutch Republic -- are known collectively as the Peace of Paris. Only Article 1 of the treaty, which acknowledges the United States' existence as free sovereign and independent states, remains in force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Raw Energy Records", "paragraph_text": "Raw Energy Records was a Canadian independent record label, based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The music label was established in the late 1980s by founder entrepreneur and music journalist Graeme Boyce, initially to distribute the debut EP by King Apparatus, \"Loud Party\". Prior to launching Raw Energy, Boyce was a staff writer for \"RPM\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with persisting affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Cuba. With a small army and a fragile economy, the Namibian Government's principal foreign policy concern is developing strengthened ties within the Southern African region. A dynamic member of the Southern African Development Community, Namibia is a vocal advocate for greater regional integration. Namibia became the 160th member of the UN on 23 April 1990. On its independence it became the fiftieth member of the Commonwealth of Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "History of taxation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports (``tariffs ''), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. There are state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th Amendment was ratified, permanently legalizing an income tax.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Trampled by Lambs and Pecked by the Dove", "paragraph_text": "Trampled by Lambs and Pecked by the Dove is a collection of raw tracks and song sketches written and recorded by Trey Anastasio and Phish lyricist Tom Marshall in Vermont farmhouses over four weekends in 1997. The collection was released on November 1, 2000 by Elektra Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cathare", "paragraph_text": "Cathare is a goat's milk cheese from the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France. The cheese comes in flat discs whose face is covered in charcoal powder with the Occitan cross inscribed. Under the rind, Cathare is pure white with a soft, creamy texture. Its goat-milk flavor intensifies as it ages, and reaches its prime after two to three weeks, which makes it typically unavailable in the United States, due to the Food and Drug Administration's stance that raw milk soft cheeses can pose as a health risk. The sale of raw milk cheese aged under 60 days is illegal in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Swining/Red Raw & Sore", "paragraph_text": "The Swining/Red Raw & Sore (1999) is an album by Raymond Watts (PIG). \"The Swining/Red Raw & Sore\" is the American release of \"The Swining\" and \"Red Raw & Sore\" by Cleopatra Records. Each album is slightly edited (with all edits being approved by Watts), featuring the additional remix \"The Fountain of Failure\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Total cost", "paragraph_text": "In economics and cost accounting, total cost (TC) describes the total economic cost of production and is made up of variable costs, which vary according to the quantity of a good produced and include inputs such as labor and raw materials, plus fixed costs, which are independent of the quantity of a good produced and include inputs (capital) that can not be varied in the short term, such as buildings and machinery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "For Germany, because an autarkic economic approach or an alliance with Britain were impossible, closer relations with the Soviet Union to obtain raw materials became necessary, if not just for economic reasons alone. Moreover, an expected British blockade in the event of war would create massive shortages for Germany in a number of key raw materials. After the Munich agreement, the resulting increase in German military supply needs and Soviet demands for military machinery, talks between the two countries occurred from late 1938 to March 1939. The third Soviet Five Year Plan required new infusions of technology and industrial equipment.[clarification needed] German war planners had estimated serious shortfalls of raw materials if Germany entered a war without Soviet supply.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Electricity Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Sala dos Cinzeiros (Ash Room) is located on the bottom floor, the area where ash from the burned and raw coal was collected. Particular emphasis is given to the hard working conditions in this space, due to the intense heat and breathing in of ash from the coal burning. But the museum content does not end here, and examples of forging, carpentry and transport, as well as the origins and types of coal, are also presented.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kyrgyzstan", "paragraph_text": "Since independence, the sovereign state has officially been a unitary parliamentary republic, although it continues to endure ethnic conflicts, revolts, economic troubles, transitional governments and political conflict. Kyrgyzstan is a member of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Eurasian Economic Union, the Collective Security Treaty Organization, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Turkic Council, the Türksoy community and the United Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Partition of the Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_text": "On the Arabian Peninsula, the Arabs were able to establish a number of independent states. In 1916 Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, established the Kingdom of Hejaz, while the Emirate of Riyadh was transformed into the Sultanate of Nejd. In 1926 the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz was formed, which in 1932 became the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen became independent in 1918, while the Arab States of the Persian Gulf became de facto British protectorates, with some internal autonomy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Stevia", "paragraph_text": "The plant Stevia rebaudiana has been used for more than 1,500 years by the Guaraní peoples of South America, who called it ka'a he'ê (``sweet herb ''). The leaves have been used traditionally for hundreds of years in both Brazil and Paraguay to sweeten local teas and medicines, and as a`` sweet treat''. The genus was named for Spanish botanist and physician Petrus Jacobus Stevus (Pedro Jaime Esteve 1500 -- 1556), a professor of botany at the University of Valencia.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "History of South America", "paragraph_text": "The Spanish colonies won their independence in the first quarter of the 19th century, in the Spanish American wars of independence. Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia, Peru, Bolivia), José de San Martín (United Provinces of the River Plate, Chile, and Peru), and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile) led their independence struggle. Although Bolivar attempted to keep the Spanish - speaking parts of the continent politically unified, they rapidly became independent of one another.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dutch Republic", "paragraph_text": "The Netherlands regained independence from France in 1813. In the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 the names \"United Provinces of the Netherlands\" and \"United Netherlands\" were used. In 1815 it was rejoined with the Austrian Netherlands, Luxembourg and Liège (the \"Southern provinces\") to become the Kingdom of the Netherlands, informally known as the Kingdom of the United Netherlands, to create a strong buffer state north of France. After Belgium and Luxembourg became independent, the state became unequivocally known as the Kingdom of the Netherlands, as it remains today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Patricia Martín", "paragraph_text": "Patricia Martín (born in Mexico City) is a Mexican independent art curator. Since the 1990s, she has been boosting and promoting contemporary art collections in Mexico and abroad. Her job has been crucial for the acknowledgement and promotion of Mexican contemporary art in the local and international scene. Currently at the head of Casa Wabi Foundation, curating independent exhibitions for artists such as Ugo Rondinone and acting as a consultant for various public and private collections; she has created, managed and directed one of the most important contemporary art collections and foundations in Latin America: The Júmex Collection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Come Closer, Folks", "paragraph_text": "Come Closer, Folks is a 1936 American comedy film directed by D. Ross Lederman. A print is preserved in the Library of Congress collection.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "NORC at the University of Chicago", "paragraph_text": "NORC at the University of Chicago is one of the largest independent social research organizations in the United States. Established in 1941 as the National Opinion Research Center, its corporate headquarters is located in downtown Chicago, with offices in several other locations throughout the United States. Organized as an independent corporation, more than half its board comes from faculty and administration of the university, it also jointly staffs some university academic research centers.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 93271, "question": "where does stevia in the raw come from", "answer": "South America", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 93284, "question": "#1 became a collection of independent states between", "answer": "the first quarter of the 19th century", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[ "19th century" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Public sector banks in India", "paragraph_text": "The Central Government entered the banking business with the nationalization of the Imperial Bank of India in 1955. A 60% stake was taken by the Reserve Bank of India and the new bank was named as the State Bank of India. The seven other state banks became the subsidiaries of the new bank in 1959 when the State Bank of India (Subsidiary Banks) Act, 1959 was passed under the Nehru government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Banking in Karnataka", "paragraph_text": "The state of Karnataka, particularly the region comprising the coastal districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi, is called the cradle of banking in India. This is because seven of the country's leading banks, Canara Bank, Syndicate Bank, Corporation Bank, Vijaya Bank, Karnataka Bank, Vysya Bank and the State Bank of Mysore originated from this state. The first five in the above list of banks were established in the districts of Udupi and Dakshina Kannada. These districts have one among the best distribution of banks in India - a branch for every 500 persons. Between 1880 and 1935, 22 banks were established in coastal Karnataka, nine of them in the city of Mangalore.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Soldier Soldier", "paragraph_text": "Soldier Soldier Genre Military drama Created by Lucy Gannon Starring Robson Green Jerome Flynn Opening theme ``Soldier Soldier ''Country of origin United Kingdom Original language (s) English No. of series 7 No. of episodes 82 Production Executive producer (s) Ted Childs (Series 1 -- 5) Jonathan Powell (Series 6 -- 7) Running time 50 minutes Production company (s) Central Independent Television Distributor ITV Studios Release Original network ITV Picture format 4: 3 Audio format Stereo Original release 10 June 1991 (1991 - 06 - 10) -- 9 December 1997 (1997 - 12 - 09)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of oldest banks in continuous operation", "paragraph_text": "Year Company Country (historic) Country (modern) Notes 1668 Sveriges Riksbank Sweden Sweden The world's oldest central bank 1672 C. Hoare & Co England United Kingdom The oldest British bank 1674 Metzler Bank Frankfurt Germany 1690 Barclays England United Kingdom 1692 Coutts England United Kingdom 1694 Bank of England England United Kingdom 1695 Bank of Scotland Scotland United Kingdom", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bigg Boss Marathi", "paragraph_text": "Bigg Boss Marathi Presented by Mahesh Manjrekar Country of origin India Original language (s) Marathi No. of seasons No. of episodes 98 Production Location (s) Lonavala Running time 60 - 90 minutes (approx.) Production company (s) Endemol India Release Original release 15 April 2018 (2018 - 04 - 15) -- present", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bank of Sierra Leone", "paragraph_text": "The Bank of Sierra Leone is the central bank of Sierra Leone. It issues the country's currency, known as the Leone. The bank formulates and implements monetary policy, including foreign exchange.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Reserve Bank of Australia", "paragraph_text": "The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA), on 14 January 1960, became the Australian central bank and banknote issuing authority, when the Reserve Bank Act 1959 (23 April 1959) removed the central banking functions from the Commonwealth Bank.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "America's Got Talent Genre Reality Talent contest Created by Simon Cowell Directed by Russell Norman Creative director (s) Brian Friedman Presented by Regis Philbin Jerry Springer Nick Cannon Tyra Banks Judges Piers Morgan David Hasselhoff Brandy Norwood Sharon Osbourne Howard Stern Howie Mandel Mel B Heidi Klum Simon Cowell Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons 12 No. of episodes 302 Production Executive producer (s) Simon Cowell Sam Donnelly Jason Raff Rob Wade Trish Kinane Richard Wallace Running time 44 -- 104 minutes Production company (s) FremantleMedia North America SYCOtv Distributor FremantleMedia Enterprises Release Original network NBC Picture format NTSC (480i) (2006 -- 08) HDTV 1080i (2009 -- present) Original release June 21, 2006 (2006 - 06 - 21) -- present (present) External links Official website www.nbc.com/americas-got-talent/", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Chile", "paragraph_text": "The Central Bank of Chile in Santiago serves as the central bank for the country. The Chilean currency is the Chilean peso (CLP). Chile is one of South America's most stable and prosperous nations, leading Latin American nations in human development, competitiveness, income per capita, globalization, economic freedom, and low perception of corruption. Since July 2013, Chile is considered by the World Bank as a ``high - income economy ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Banknotes of the pound sterling", "paragraph_text": "In 2012 Northern Bank adopted the name of its Copenhagen - based parent company Danske Bank Group and rebranded its retail banking operation. In June 2013 the bank issued a new series of £10 and £20 notes bearing the new brand name; at the same time it also announced that it would cease production of £50 and £100 notes. Older notes bearing the Northern Bank name will continue in circulation for some time as they are gradually withdrawn, and remain acceptable forms of payment. In spite of the Danish name on the new notes, banknotes issued by Danske Bank are sterling notes and should not be confused with banknotes of the Danish krone issued by the Danmarks Nationalbank, Denmark's central bank.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Bennett (name)", "paragraph_text": "Bennett Pronunciation / ˈbɛnɪt / Origin Region of origin England Language (s) Anglo - Norman, Old French Meaning ``blessed ''Other names Variant (s) Benedict, Benoît, Bénet", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bank of America Tower (Jacksonville)", "paragraph_text": "Bank of America Tower (originally Barnett Center) is a skyscraper in the downtown area of Jacksonville, Florida, at the northwest corner of Bay and Laura streets. At , it is the tallest building in Jacksonville, and the eleventh-tallest in Florida (the tallest ten all being in Miami). It was built as the headquarters of Barnett Bank and originally named Barnett Center, but the name was changed to NationsBank Tower in 1998 after Barnett Bank was acquired by NationsBank. NationsBank soon acquired Bank of America and the building's name was changed to Bank of America Tower in 1999. The 42-floor structure was designed by German-American architect Helmut Jahn, and is constructed of reinforced concrete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Central Reserve Bank of Peru", "paragraph_text": "The Central Reserve Bank of Peru (; BCRP) is the Peruvian central bank. It mints and issues metal and paper money, the sol.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "European Central Bank", "paragraph_text": "However, if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks, it weakens the private banking system, which then puts pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks. Private-sector bond holders are an integral part of the public and private banking system. Another possible response is for wealthy member countries to guarantee or purchase the debt of countries that have defaulted or are likely to default. This alternative requires that the tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries be used to refinance the previous borrowing of the weaker member countries, and is politically controversial.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Crown (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "The Crown Genre Historical drama Created by Peter Morgan Starring Claire Foy Matt Smith Vanessa Kirby Eileen Atkins Jeremy Northam Victoria Hamilton Ben Miles Greg Wise Jared Harris John Lithgow Alex Jennings Lia Williams Anton Lesser Matthew Goode Theme music composer Hans Zimmer Composer (s) Rupert Gregson - Williams Lorne Balfe Country of origin United Kingdom United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 20 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Peter Morgan Stephen Daldry Andy Harries Philip Martin Suzanne Macki Matthew Byam - Shaw Robert Fox Tanya Seghatchian Nina Wolarsky Allie Goss Producer (s) Andrew Eaton Location (s) United Kingdom Running time 54 -- 61 minutes Production company (s) Left Bank Pictures Sony Pictures Television Distributor Netflix Release Original network Netflix Picture format 4K (Ultra HD) Original release November 4, 2016 (2016 - 11 - 04) -- present (present) External links Website", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Snoras", "paragraph_text": "Bankas Snoras AB was founded 1992 as a regional bank of Šiauliai and renamed to its current name in 1993. It was recognised as the best bank in Lithuania in 2006 by financial publisher \"The Banker\". However, an inspection at the bank in November 2011 revealed poor asset quality, weak risk management and lack of proper operating data. The check also revealed that the bank has ignored the central bank's recommendation to reduce operating risks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Unibanco", "paragraph_text": "On November 2, 2008, Unibanco and the second largest Brazilian private banking group, Banco Itaú, announced plans for a merger. The merger was approved by the Central Bank of Brazil in late February 2009. As a result of the merger process, Unibanco agencies became new Itaú agencies by the end of 2010, and the Itaú name became the strongest brand in the Brazilian private sector banking market. The defunct bank's name survives in the new merged bank's holding company, which became \"Itaú Unibanco Holding S.A.\" However, only the Itaú brand is now used in the bank's corporate image.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Euro", "paragraph_text": "The euro is managed and administered by the Frankfurt-based European Central Bank (ECB) and the Eurosystem (composed of the central banks of the eurozone countries). As an independent central bank, the ECB has sole authority to set monetary policy. The Eurosystem participates in the printing, minting and distribution of notes and coins in all member states, and the operation of the eurozone payment systems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "European Central Bank", "paragraph_text": "Rescue operations involving sovereign debt have included temporarily moving bad or weak assets off the balance sheets of the weak member banks into the balance sheets of the European Central Bank. Such action is viewed as monetisation and can be seen as an inflationary threat, whereby the strong member countries of the ECB shoulder the burden of monetary expansion (and potential inflation) to save the weak member countries. Most central banks prefer to move weak assets off their balance sheets with some kind of agreement as to how the debt will continue to be serviced. This preference has typically led the ECB to argue that the weaker member countries must:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Qatar Central Bank", "paragraph_text": "The Qatar Central Bank was originally the Qatar Monetary Agency (and was known before that as Qatar Dubai Currency Board), founded on May 13, 1973 after Dubai joined the United Arab Emirates and disengaged itself from British monetary policy which the area had previously followed. The Qatar Monetary Agency assumed the duties of a central bank. In 1973, Amiri Decree No. 24 authorized the issuance of the Qatari Riyal (QR).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106334, "question": "What country did Queijadinha originate?", "answer": "Portugal", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 38855, "question": "What is the name of #1 's central bank?", "answer": "Banco de Portugal", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "JS 7.62", "paragraph_text": "The JS 7.62mm sniper rifle was designed in early 2003 due to the need for a dedicated sniper rifle that could place precision shots within an 800-meter range, using the 7.62mm round. The 7.62 JS sniper rifle variant project was designed simultaneously with the 12.7 JS anti-material sniper rifle. In the Beijing International Exhibition on Police Equipment held on May 2005, the exhibition showed the JS 7.62 sniper rifle after undergoing 8 months with field trails Feedback showed that the sniper rifle system allowed the 7.62mm round to penetrate a residential wall greater than 6mm, and showed high tolerance level with no malfunction throughout the 8 month field test.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the preceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase, which is often called the World Cup Finals. After this, 32 teams, including the automatically qualifying host nation (s), compete in the tournament phase for the title at venues within the host nation (s) over a period of about a month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Saint Helena", "paragraph_text": "ADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wireless).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tucson, Arizona", "paragraph_text": "At the airport, where records have been kept since 1930, the record maximum temperature was 117 °F (47 °C) on June 26, 1990, and the record minimum temperature was 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 4, 1949. There is an average of 145.0 days annually with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher and an average of 16.9 days with lows reaching or below the freezing mark. Measurable precipitation falls on an average of 53 days. The wettest year was 1983 with 21.86 in (555 mm) of precipitation, and the driest year was 1953 with 5.34 in (136 mm). The most rainfall in one month was 7.93 in (201 mm) in August 1955. The most rainfall in 24 hours was 3.93 in (100 mm) on July 29, 1958. Snow at the airport averages only 1.1 in (2.8 cm) annually. The most snow received in one year was 8.3 in (21 cm) and the most snow in one month was 6.8 in (17 cm) in December 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "MacQuarrie Edge", "paragraph_text": "MacQuarrie Edge () is a rock scarp rising to about in the northern part of the Otter Highlands, in the western Shackleton Range, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Alister S. MacQuarrie (1935–1970), a British Antarctic Survey tractor mechanic at Halley Station, 1968–69, who worked in the Shackleton Range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Climate of Islamabad", "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Joseph Ragusa", "paragraph_text": "In 1998, Ragusa signed with the Long Island Rough Riders of the USL First Division. In February 2000, the San Jose Earthquakes selected Ragusa in the second rough (18th overall) of the 2000 MLS SuperDraft. The Earthquakes released him in the pre-season and he returned to the Rough Riders. Ragusa left Long Island following the 2001 season, but returned in 2004. In July 2004, the Roughriders released him.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Piz Mingèr", "paragraph_text": "Piz Mingèr (3,114 m) is a mountain in the Sesvenna Range of the Alps, located west of S-charl in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range north of Piz Foraz, between the Val Plavna and the Val S-charl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nikanassin Range", "paragraph_text": "The Nikanassin Range s a group of mountain ranges in the Canadian Rockies on the eastern edge of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is developed south-east of the Fiddle Range, and one of the front ranges. \"Nikanassin\" means \"first range\" in Cree.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "X-ray", "paragraph_text": "X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation. Most X-rays have a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 petahertz to 30 exahertz (3 × 10 Hz to 3 × 10 Hz) and energies in the range 100 eV to 100 keV. X-ray wavelengths are shorter than those of UV rays and typically longer than those of gamma rays. In many languages, X-radiation is referred to with terms meaning Röntgen radiation, after the German scientist Wilhelm Röntgen, who usually is credited as its discoverer, and who named it X-radiation to signify an unknown type of radiation. Spelling of X-ray (s) in the English language includes the variants x-ray (s), xray (s), and X ray (s).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Montes Cordillera", "paragraph_text": "Montes Cordillera is a mountain range on the Moon. This feature forms the outer wall of peaks that surround the Mare Orientale impact basin, the inner ring being formed by the Montes Rook. The center of the range is located at selenographic coordinates 17.5° S, 81.6° W, and the diameter is .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Generation time", "paragraph_text": "In population biology and demography, the generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population. In human populations, the generation time typically ranges from 22 to 32 years. Historians sometimes use this to date events, by converting generations into years to obtain rough estimates of time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rock River Renegades", "paragraph_text": "Rock River Renegades is a 1942 American film directed by S. Roy Luby, one of the films in the Range Busters series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Lake Tshangalele", "paragraph_text": "Lake Tshangalele, also known as Lake Lufira or Mwadingusha Reservoir, is an artificial lake in the south-east of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is located about 20 km east of the city of Likasi in the old province of Katanga. It lies at about 1,100 m above sea-level in a large depression surrounded by low mountains. It was created by a dam built on the Lufira River near Mwadingusha in 1926 to provide hydro-electric power. The area of open water is about 362.5 km. During the wettest months of February and March, the area flooded reaches a maximum of 440 km. The lake is shallow with a mean depth of only 2.6 m.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "Rainfall along the coast averages about 10 inches (250 mm) of precipitation annually. The average (mean) rainfall is 10.65 inches (271 mm) and the median is 9.6 inches (240 mm). Most of the rainfall occurs during the cooler months. The months of December through March supply most of the rain, with February the only month averaging 2 inches (51 mm) or more of rain. The months of May through September tend to be almost completely dry. Though there are few wet days per month during the rainy period, rainfall can be heavy when it does fall. Rainfall is usually greater in the higher elevations of San Diego; some of the higher elevation areas of San Diego can receive 11–15 inches (280–380 mm) of rain a year. Variability of rainfall can be extreme: in the wettest years of 1883/1884 and 1940/1941 more than 24 inches (610 mm) fell in the city, whilst in the driest years as little as 3.2 inches (80 mm) has fallen for a full year. The wettest month on record has been December 1921 with 9.21 inches (234 mm).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "Both the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a subtropical climate, although variations between islands exist, making weather predictions very difficult (owing to rough topography). The Madeira and Azorean archipelagos have a narrower temperature range, with annual average temperatures exceeding 20 °C (68 °F) along the coast (according to the Portuguese Meteorological Institute). Some islands in Azores do have drier months in the summer. Consequently, the island of the Azores have been identified as having a Mediterranean climate (both Csa and Csb types), while some islands (such as Flores or Corvo) are classified as Maritime Temperate (Cfb) and Humid subtropical (Cfa), respectively, according to Köppen-Geiger classification.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Principality of Sealand", "paragraph_text": "The Principality of Sealand, commonly known as Sealand, is a micronation that claims Roughs Tower, an offshore platform in the North Sea approximately off the coast of Suffolk, as its territory. Roughs Tower is a disused Maunsell Sea Fort, originally called HM Fort Roughs, built as an anti-aircraft gun platform by the British during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kitulgala", "paragraph_text": "Kitulgala is a small town in the west of Sri Lanka. It is in the wet zone rain forest, which gets two monsoons each year, and is one of the wettest places in the country. Nevertheless, it comes alive in the first three months of the year, especially in February, the driest month. The Academy Award-winning \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" was filmed on the Kelani River near Kitulgala, although nothing remains now except the concrete foundations for the bridge (and, supposedly, the submerged train cars that plunged into the river in the climactic scene). Kitulgala is also a base for white-water rafting, which starts a few kilometres upstream and also popular as a location for adventure based training programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Nohkalikai Falls", "paragraph_text": "Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India. Its height is 1115 feet (340 metres), making it as the highest waterfall in India. The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Nohkalikai Falls are fed by the rainwater collected on the summit of comparatively small plateau and decrease in power during the dry season in December - February. Below the falls there has formed a plunge pool with unusual green colored water.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137037, "question": "Which place is From the Rough in?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 31260, "question": "Which range of months is #1 's wettest?", "answer": "between December and April", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Army–Navy Game", "paragraph_text": "All games contested in Philadelphia through 1935 were played at Franklin Field, the home field of the University of Pennsylvania. From 1936 through 1979, all games contested in Philadelphia were held in Municipal Stadium, renamed John F. Kennedy Stadium in 1964. From 1980 - 2001, all games contested in Philadelphia were hosted by Veterans Stadium. Since 2003, all games contested in Philadelphia have been played in Lincoln Financial Field.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Knights of Xentar", "paragraph_text": "Knights of Xentar is an eroge role-playing video game published for the MS-DOS in North America by Megatech Software in 1995 and has been originally published as Dragon Knight III (ドラゴンナイトIII) in Japan in 1992-1994. It is part of the \"Dragon Knight\" series of games created by Japanese game developer ELF, who originally released the game for the NEC PC-9801 computer in 1991, followed by ports for the Sharp X68000 and PC Engine CD platforms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Inindo: Way of the Ninja", "paragraph_text": "Inindo: Way of the Ninja (伊忍道　打倒信長 or \"Inindou Datou Nobunaga\", スーパー伊忍道　打倒信長 or \"Super Inindou Datou Nobunaga\" in its Super Famicom version) is a role-playing video game developed and published by Koei. Originally released for the PC8801SR, PC9801, MSX2 home computer and Sharp X68000, it was remade for the Super NES, which was also released in North America. The game is a fictional account of Japan's warring states period.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "It's the Old Army Game", "paragraph_text": "It's the Old Army Game is a 1926 American silent comedy film starring W. C. Fields and Louise Brooks. The \"army game\" is the shell game, a con-trick which WC Fields observes being played. \"It's the old army game\" he says, sagely. The film was directed by A. Edward Sutherland, billed as Eddie Sutherland, and co-stars Sutherland's aunt, the stage actress Blanche Ring in one of her few silent film appearances. The film is based on the revue \"The Comic Supplement\" by Joseph P. McEvoy and Fields, and included several skits from Fields' stage plays.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas is a video game developed by n-Space and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation in 2000. It is a sequel to \"Die Hard Trilogy\", which was based on the \"Die Hard\" series of action movies. Like its predecessor, the game features three distinct genres; a third-person shooter, a light gun game, and an action driving game. However, unlike \"Die Hard Trilogy\", which featured three separate storylines based on the first three \"Die Hard\" films, \"Die Hard Trilogy 2\" features a single original storyline that alternates between the three genres throughout the levels.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Army Navy Match", "paragraph_text": "The Army Navy Match Part of the Inter-Services Competition Twickenham Stadium ARU RNRU Locale London Teams ARU RNRU First meeting 13 February 1878 (Annually since 6 March 1909) Latest meeting 5 May 2018 Army 22 - 14 Stadiums Twickenham Stadium Trophy The Babcock Trophy Statistics All - time series Army 62, Navy 35, Draws 4 (1939, 1969 1980 and 2016) Largest victory Army, 50 -- 7 (2009) Smallest victory Navy 11 -- 10 (1921), Navy 9 -- 8 (1948), Navy 17 -- 16 (1978), Army 10 -- 9 (1983) The above statistics do not include the matches before the first official match in 1907. 1907 was the first official Army Navy match played after the formation of the Army RUgby Union in 1906. The Royal Navy Rugby Union did not form until the 1907 / 08 season. Other information Current sponsor Babcock International", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "McSweeney Point", "paragraph_text": "McSweeney Point () is a sharp rock point east of the terminus of Davidson Glacier, overlooking the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from tellurometer surveys (1961–62) and Navy air photos (1960), and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Lieutenant R.H. McSweeney, U.S. Navy, Commanding Officer of the during Operation Deep Freeze 1963.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sharp Delany", "paragraph_text": "Sharp Delany (c. 1739–1799), was a Colonel in the American Revolutionary War and was appointed first Collector of Customs in Philadelphia by George Washington.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sharps rifle", "paragraph_text": "Sharps rifles are a series of large-bore single-shot rifles, beginning with a design by Christian Sharps in 1848, and ceasing production in 1881. They were renowned for long-range accuracy. By 1874 the rifle was available in a variety of calibers, and had been adopted by the armies of a number of nations. It was one of the few designs to successfully transition to metallic cartridge use.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Great and the Little Love", "paragraph_text": "The Great and the Little Love (German: Die große und die kleine Liebe) is a 1938 German comedy film directed by Josef von Báky and starring Jenny Jugo, Gustav Fröhlich, Rudi Godden. Jugo plays a stewardess working for Lufthansa. It was filmed partly on location in Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arcus Odyssey", "paragraph_text": "Arcus Odyssey is an action role-playing game video game developed by Wolf Team and released by Renovation Products in 1991 for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis and Sharp X68000 and in 1993 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. The game features an isometric perspective and cooperative gameplay, as well hack and slash gameplay. It tells the story of four heroes trying to thwart the return of an evil sorceress.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hanover", "paragraph_text": "Hannover 96 (nickname Die Roten or 'The Reds') is the top local football team that plays in the Bundesliga top division. Home games are played at the HDI-Arena, which hosted matches in the 1974 and 2006 World Cups and the Euro 1988. Their reserve team Hannover 96 II plays in the fourth league. Their home games were played in the traditional Eilenriedestadium till they moved to the HDI Arena due to DFL directives. Arminia Hannover is another very traditional soccer team in Hanover that has played in the first league for years and plays now in the Niedersachsen-West Liga (Lower Saxony League West). Home matches are played in the Rudolf-Kalweit-Stadium.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Founders Peaks", "paragraph_text": "The Founders Peaks are a cluster of sharp peaks and ridges located just east of Founders Escarpment and between Minnesota Glacier and Gowan Glacier, in the Heritage Range of the Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica. The peaks were mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1961–66. The name was applied by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names is association with the name Heritage Range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Card Sharks", "paragraph_text": "Card Sharks is an American television game show created by Chester Feldman for Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions. Based on the card game Acey Deucey, the game has two contestants compete for control of a row of oversized playing cards by answering questions posed by the host and then guessing if the next card is higher or lower in value than the previous one. The title \"Card Sharks\" is a play on the term 'card sharp', a person skilled at card games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sharpe's Trafalgar", "paragraph_text": "Sharpe's Trafalgar is the fourth historical novel in the Richard Sharpe series by Bernard Cornwell, first published in 2000. It is the first of the novels in the wars against Napoleon, putting the army ensign at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. The novel is the first time that Sharpe encounters the Nock Gun, originally developed for the Navy and the later weapon of choice of Patrick Harper.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sharpe's Triumph", "paragraph_text": "Sharpe's Triumph is the second historical novel in the Richard Sharpe series by Bernard Cornwell, first published in 1998. Sharpe is a sergeant in the army who attracts the attention of General Arthur Wellesley at Ahmednuggur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Short Sharp Shocked", "paragraph_text": "Short Sharp Shocked is the second album by Michelle Shocked. Originally released in 1988, it was remastered and reissued in 2003 as a two-CD set by Shocked's own label, Mighty Sound. The title is a play on the phrase short, sharp shock. The record title and cover image is similar to that of the 1984 Chaos U.K. album \"Short Sharp Shock\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Department store", "paragraph_text": "Ireland developed a strong middle class, especially in the major cities, by the mid-nineteenth century. They were active patrons of department stores. Delany's New Mart was opened in 1853 in Dublin, Ireland. Unlike others, Delany's had not evolved gradually from a smaller shop on site. Thus it could claim to be the first purpose-built Department Store in the world. The word department store had not been invented at that time and thus it was called the \"Monster House\". The store was completely destroyed in the 1916 Easter Rising, but reopened in 1922.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Shou Lung", "paragraph_text": "In the fictional Forgotten Realms campaign setting of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, Shou Lung is a country in the continent of Kara-Tur, which is located to the east of Faerûn. It is modeled on Imperial China and is arguably the largest and most powerful nation in the world, due to the sheer size of their armies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Hendrick Sharp", "paragraph_text": "Hendrick Sharp (1815 – July 1892) was a Union Navy sailor in the American Civil War and a recipient of the U.S. military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions at the Battle of Mobile Bay.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145795, "question": "At what location did Sharp Delany die?", "answer": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 59330, "question": "where is the army navy game played in #1", "answer": "Lincoln Financial Field", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Roman Catholic Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia", "paragraph_text": "The Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia () is part of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia also carries the title Primate of Brazil. The archiocese is located in the city of Salvador, Bahia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Government Center Tower (San Salvador)", "paragraph_text": "Government Center Tower is a building located in the city of San Salvador, El Salvador. It houses the offices of the Ministry of the Interior.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Paul M. Dorman High School", "paragraph_text": "Paul M. Dorman High School is a high school located in Roebuck, South Carolina, United States. The school is part of Spartanburg County School District Six. It consists of a main campus for 10th-12th graders and a separate campus for 9th graders, and a College, Career, and Fine Arts Center. The center features an auditorium, multiple classrooms, an art gallery, kitchen, student center, and computer labs. The campus is located at the intersection of Interstate 26 and Highway 221 in Spartanburg County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "During the 19th century, an important producer of art was the Academia de San Carlos (San Carlos Art Academy), founded during colonial times, and which later became the Escuela Nacional de Artes Plásticas (the National School of Arts) including painting, sculpture and graphic design, one of UNAM's art schools. Many of the works produced by the students and faculty of that time are now displayed in the Museo Nacional de San Carlos (National Museum of San Carlos). One of the students, José María Velasco, is considered one of the greatest Mexican landscape painters of the 19th century. Porfirio Díaz's regime sponsored arts, especially those that followed the French school. Popular arts in the form of cartoons and illustrations flourished, e.g. those of José Guadalupe Posada and Manuel Manilla. The permanent collection of the San Carlos Museum also includes paintings by European masters such as Rembrandt, Velázquez, Murillo, and Rubens.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Port of Salvador", "paragraph_text": "The Port of Salvador is a seaport located in All Saints Bay in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. It is connected to Downtown Salvador by Historic Center. The port is located in Lower City region of Salvador. Lying at the tip of a peninsula separating Todos os Santos Bay from the Atlantic Ocean.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ramona Solberg", "paragraph_text": "Ramona Solberg (1921–2005) created large jewellery using found objects; she was an influential teacher at the University of Washington School of Art and often referred to as the \"grandmother of Northwest found-art jewelry\". She was an art instructor in and around Seattle for three decades as well as a prolific jewelry artist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Novo Horizonte do Sul", "paragraph_text": "Novo Horizonte do Sul is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Its population was 5,050 (2005) and its area is 849 km².", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Salvador Novo", "paragraph_text": "Salvador Novo López (30 July 1904 – 13 January 1974) was a Mexican writer, poet, playwright, translator, television presenter, entrepreneur, and the official chronicler of Mexico City. As a noted intellectual, he influenced popular perceptions of politics, media, the arts, and Mexican society in general. He was a member of Los Contemporáneos, a group of Mexican writers, as well as of the Mexican Academy of the Language.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Westminster College (Utah)", "paragraph_text": "Westminster College is a private liberal arts college located in the Sugar House neighborhood of Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The college comprises four schools: the School of Arts and Sciences, the Bill and Vieve Gore School of Business, the School of Education, and the School of Nursing and Health Sciences. It is the only accredited liberal arts college in the state of Utah.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "University of Kansas", "paragraph_text": "The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses. KU features the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, which includes the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration; and the schools of Architecture, Design & Planning; Business; Education; Engineering; Health Professions; Journalism & Mass Communications; Law; Medicine; Music; Nursing; Pharmacy; and Social Welfare. The university offers more than 345 degree programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "High School of Art and Design", "paragraph_text": "The High School of Art and Design is a Career and Technical Education high school in Manhattan, New York City. Founded in 1936 as the School of Industrial Art, the school moved to 1075 Second Avenue in 1960 and more recently, its Midtown Manhattan location on 56th Street, between Second and Third Avenues, in September 2012. High School of Art and Design is operated by the New York City Department of Education.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Rio Novo do Sul", "paragraph_text": "Rio Novo do Sul is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo. Its population was 12,065 (2005) and its area is 204 km². The name of this municipality means \"New River of the South\" in Portuguese.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Noe Canjura", "paragraph_text": "Noe Canjura (Apopa, El Salvador, August 14, 1922 - Morienval, France, September 29, 1970) was a Salvadoran painter and a prominent figure in 20th century modern art in France. His art was 'imbued with a social conscience and laden with religious symbolism'.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Crosswinds East Metro Arts and Science School", "paragraph_text": "Crosswinds East Metro Arts and Science School is a year-round arts and science magnet school located in Woodbury, Minnesota, United States. Crosswinds focuses on cultural diversity, alternative learning styles, and environmental science as the foundations of its education. It provides academic and artistic opportunities for students from urban and suburban neighborhoods to achieve continuing success in a year-round program. The Perpich Center for Arts Education manages Crosswinds. Crosswinds teaches students from ages 11 to 16 (grades 6 through 10). In the beginning of the 2000s there was large gains for students of color, and with the recent conveyance student achievement has declined significantly according to standardized state testing results.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Aguilares, El Salvador", "paragraph_text": "Aguilares is a municipality in the San Salvador department of El Salvador, located 33 km away from the city of San Salvador. The municipality measures 33.72 km² and as of 2006, had an estimated population of 73,300. Sugar cane cultivation is the major economic activity for the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Hoërskool Menlopark", "paragraph_text": "Die Hoërskool Menlopark (Menlo Park High School) is a public Afrikaans medium co-educational high school located in Menlo Park, Pretoria, in the Gauteng province of South Africa. Learners are known as \"Parkies\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dolce Stil Novo", "paragraph_text": "Dolce Stil Novo (; Italian for \"sweet new style\", modern Italian \"stile nuovo\"), or stilnovismo , is the name given to the most important literary movement of the 13th century in Italy. Influenced by the Sicilian School and Tuscan poetry, its main theme is Love (\"Amore\"). \"Gentilezza\" (Noblemindedness) and \"Amore\" are indeed topoi in the major works of the period. The name \"Dolce Stil Novo\" was used for the first time by Dante Alighieri (Canto 24, \"Purgatorio\"). When he arrives in Purgatory he meets Bonagiunta Orbicciani, a 13th-century Italian poet, who tells Dante that Dante himself, Guido Guinizelli, and Guido Cavalcanti had been able to create a new genre: a \"stil novo\". Precursors to the \"dolce stil novo\" are found in the Provençal works of the troubadours, such as the Genoese Lanfranc Cigala. The artists of the \"stil novo\" are called stilnovisti.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Glasgow School of Art", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1845 as the Glasgow Government School of Design, the school changed its name to The Glasgow School of Art in 1853. Originally located at 12 Ingram Street the school moved to the McLellan Galleries in 1869.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Virginia, Lempira", "paragraph_text": "Virginia is located in Lempira Honduras and shares a border with El Salvador. Many Virginians travel to El Salvador to do their shopping, because the Honduran cities are far away from Virginia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pedro Cervantes", "paragraph_text": "Pedro Cervantes (full name Pedro Miguel de Cervantes Salvadores; born October 2, 1933) is a Mexican sculptor who has exhibited in Mexico and abroad as well as created large monumental works for various locations in the country. Some of his work is noted for its use of used materials such as automobile parts from junkyards. Cervantes has received various recognitions for his work including Premio Nacional de Ciencias y Artes in 2011 as well as membership in the Academia de Artes and the Salón de la Plástica Mexicana.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145787, "question": "At what location did Salvador Novo die?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 19273, "question": "What is the large art school in #1 ?", "answer": "Academia de San Carlos", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "In 2009[update], over 300,000 Israeli citizens lived in West Bank settlements such as Ma'ale Adumim and Ariel, including settlements that predated the establishment of the State of Israel and which were re-established after the Six-Day War, in cities such as Hebron and Gush Etzion. In 2011, there were 250,000 Jews living in East Jerusalem. 20,000 Israelis live in Golan Heights settlements. The total number of Israeli settlers is over 500,000 (6.5% of the Israeli population). Approximately 7,800 Israelis lived in settlements in the Gaza Strip, until they were evacuated by the government as part of its 2005 disengagement plan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Henry Benbridge", "paragraph_text": "Henry Benbridge (October 1743 – February 1812) was an early American portrait painter. He was born in Philadelphia, the only child of James and Mary (Clark) Benbridge. When he was seven years old, his mother, who had been left a widow, was married to Thomas Gordon, a wealthy Scot. The boy's artistic talent was encouraged. He made decorative designs for his stepfather's drawing-room which were much admired. When he was fourteen years old he may have watched John Wollaston paint Gordon's portrait. It has been plausibly argued that young Benbridge had instruction from Wollaston, since his earliest known portrait, that of his half-sister Rebecca Gordon, \"seems to hark back to Wollaston.\" When he was 21, Benbridge was sent to Italy, where he studied with Pompeo Batoni and Anton Raphael Mengs. In 1769, on commission from James Boswell, biographer of Dr. Samuel Johnson, he made a portrait of Pasquale Paoli in Corsica which he took to London. It was exhibited (1769) at the Free Society of Artists, and from it three mezzotints were scraped and published with the artist's name signed \"Bembridge.\" Like other young Americans he was encouraged by Benjamin West. He wrote, on December 7, 1769, to his stepfather: \"Upon my arrival I waited upon Mr. West who received me with a sort of brotherly affection, as did my cousin, Mrs. West.\" Impelled, apparently, by a longing to rejoin his family, he left England in 1770, bearing from West the following note of recommendation to Francis Hopkinson: \"By Mr. Benbridge you will receive these few lines. You will find him an Ingenous artist and an agreeable Companion. His merit in the art must procure him great incouragement and much esteem. I deare say it will give you great pleasure to have an ingenous artist resident amongst you.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "David A. Noble", "paragraph_text": "David A. Noble died in Monroe, Michigan and was interred in Woodland Cemetery. He was the father of Henry Shaw Noble and John Savage Noble.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "William Henry Powell", "paragraph_text": "William Henry Powell (February 14, 1823 – October 6, 1879), was an American artist who was born and died in New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Josefina Lavalle", "paragraph_text": "Josefina Lavalle (born Mexico City, January 29, 1924 – died Mexico City, May 25, 2009) was a Mexican ballet dancer, choreographer and ballet director. She established together with Guillermina Bravo the national ballet company in Mexico City in 1948", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Henry Lehman", "paragraph_text": "In 1855, Henry Lehman died from yellow fever while travelling in New Orleans. Later, his brothers moved the company's headquarters to New York City, eventually building it into an important American investment bank, which was in operation for over 150 years until its September 15, 2008 collapse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Frank Borzage", "paragraph_text": "Their first child, Henry, was born in 1885. The Borzaga family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, where Frank Borzage was born in 1894, and the family remained there until 1919. The couple had fourteen children, eight of whom survived childhood: Henry (1885–1971), Mary Emma (1886–1906), Bill (1892–1973), Frank, Daniel (1896–1975, a performer and member of the John Ford Stock Company), Lew (1898–1974), Dolly (1901–2002) and Sue (1905–1998). Luigi Borzaga died in Los Angeles in a car accident in 1934; his wife Maria (Frank's mother) died of cancer in 1947.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Henry Kirke White", "paragraph_text": "Henry Kirke White (21 March 1785 – 19 October 1806) was an English poet. He died at the young age of 21.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Henry Classification System", "paragraph_text": "Influenced by Galton's Finger Prints, the men corresponded regularly in 1894; and in January 1896, Sir Henry ordered the Bengali Police to collect prisoners' fingerprints in addition to their anthropometric measurements. Expanding on Galton's classification system, Sir Henry developed the Henry Classification System between the years 1896 and 1925. He was primarily assisted by Azizul Haque who developed a mathematical formula to supplement Henry's idea of sorting in 1024 pigeon holes based on fingerprint patterns, and Hem Chandra Bose, another Henry's assistant also helped refine the system, and both, on the recommendation of Henry received recognition years later by the British Government for their contribution. The Henry Classification System was to find worldwide acceptance in 1899. In 1897 a commission was established to compare Anthropometry to the Henry Classification System. As the results were overwhelmingly in favor of fingerprints, fingerprinting was introduced to British India by the Governor General, and in 1900, replaced Anthropometry. Also in 1900, Henry was sent to Natal, South Africa to assist in the reorganization of the local police force and establish a fingerprint bureau. His efforts in South Africa were highly successful; and in 1901 Sir Henry returned to Britain and was appointed Assistant Commissioner of Scotland Yard, head of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). In the same year, the first UK fingerprint bureau was established at Scotland Yard. (Harling 1996) (Met) (Early)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Barnard Flower", "paragraph_text": "Barnard Flower (died July or August 1517) was a Flemish glazier. He was King's Glazier to Henry VII and Henry VIII from 1505 to 1517, the first non-Englishman to hold this office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "George Landseer", "paragraph_text": "George Landseer, was an English painter born 1829 and died in London 1878; he was the nephew of Sir Edwin Henry Landseer and his father Thomas Landseer was also an artist. He studied at the R.A. schools in 1846 and exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1850 until 1858 before establishing a practice in India painting landscapes and portraits in oil and watercolour. He returned to England in about 1870 and gave up painting due to poor health.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "John Venn", "paragraph_text": "John Venn was born on 4 August 1834 in Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, to Martha Sykes and Rev. Henry Venn, who was the rector of the parish of Drypool. His mother died when he was three years old. Venn was descended from a long line of church evangelicals, including his grandfather John Venn. Venn was brought up in a very strict atmosphere at home. His father Henry had played a significant part in the Evangelical movement and he was also the secretary of the ‘Society for Missions to Africa and the East’, establishing eight bishoprics overseas. His grandfather was pastor to William Wilberforce of the abolitionist movement, in Clapham.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Cork (city)", "paragraph_text": "The city's municipal government was dominated by about 12–15 merchant families, whose wealth came from overseas trade with continental Europe — in particular the export of wool and hides and the import of salt, iron and wine. The medieval population of Cork was about 2,100 people. It suffered a severe blow in 1349 when almost half the townspeople died of plague when the Black Death arrived in the town. In 1491, Cork played a part in the English Wars of the Roses when Perkin Warbeck a pretender to the English throne, landed in the city and tried to recruit support for a plot to overthrow Henry VII of England. The then mayor of Cork and several important citizens went with Warbeck to England but when the rebellion collapsed they were all captured and executed. The title of Mayor of Cork was established by royal charter in 1318, and the title was changed to Lord Mayor in 1900 following the knighthood of the incumbent Mayor by Queen Victoria on her Royal visit to the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Patrick Henry County, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Patrick Henry County is an extinct county which was established in Virginia in 1777. It was named in honor of Virginia patriot, Patrick Henry, who was serving as the first Governor of Virginia following the Declaration of Independence at the time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Henry Cavendish", "paragraph_text": "Henry Cavendish was born on 10 October 1731 in Nice, where his family was living at the time. His mother was Lady Anne de Grey, fourth daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Kent, and his father was Lord Charles Cavendish, the third son of William Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Devonshire. The family traced its lineage across eight centuries to Norman times, and was closely connected to many aristocratic families of Great Britain. Henry's mother died in 1733, three months after the birth of her second son, Frederick, and shortly before Henry's second birthday, leaving Lord Charles Cavendish to bring up his two sons. Cavendish was styles as \"The Honourable Henry Cavendish\".From the age of 11 Henry attended Newcome's School, a private school near London. At the age of 18 (on 24 November 1748) he entered the University of Cambridge in St Peter's College, now known as Peterhouse, but left three years later on 23 February 1751 without taking a degree (at the time, a common practice). He then lived with his father in London, where he soon had his own laboratory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "George Henry Hall (artist)", "paragraph_text": "George Henry Hall (1825–1913) was an American still-life and landscape artist. He studied art in Düsseldorf and Paris and he worked and lived in New York City, the Catskills of New York and in Europe. His works are in museum collections in the United States and Europe. Over the course of his career he sold 1,659 paintings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Sergio Cresto", "paragraph_text": "Sergio Cresto (USA) (January 19, 1956 – May 2, 1986) was the co-driver of Henri Toivonen at the Lancia Martini team for the 1986 World Rally Championship season. He was also a former co-driver for fellow Lancia employee Attilio Bettega, who died in an accident during the 1985 Tour de Corse on May 2, 1985. His co-driver Maurizio Perissinot survived the crash uninjured. This event happened exactly one year before the accident that claimed the lives of both Sergio Cresto and his driver by then Henri Toivonen on May 2, 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Preacher's Wife", "paragraph_text": "Rev. Henry Biggs (Courtney B. Vance) is the pastor of a small struggling Baptist church in a poverty - stricken neighborhood of New York City. Membership is declining, Henry is pulled in a hundred directions by his parishioners' needs, and the church's finances are in trouble. Henry is under intense pressure from real estate developer Joe Hamilton (Gregory Hines) to sell the church's property so that Hamilton can build luxury condominiums on the site. Henry has also become neglectful of his wife, Julia (Whitney Houston), and his son, Jeremiah. Julia worries that her marriage is failing. Unsure that he can make a difference in his parishioners' lives and beginning to lose his faith, Henry prays to God for help, which comes in the form of Dudley (Denzel Washington), a witty and debonair angel. Dudley tells Henry that he is an angel sent by God to help him, but Henry is deeply suspicious of Dudley. Julia, however, is instantly charmed by the handsome and unflappable angel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Henry Harris Lines", "paragraph_text": "Henry Harris Lines (born 1800 or 1801, died 1889) was a landscape artist and archaeologist, and the eldest son of Birmingham artist and drawing master Samuel Lines (1778–1863). There are a number of Henry's works stored in the permanent collections of various provincial museums and art galleries including Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery, Worcester City Art Gallery and Museum and the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) Gallery. As well as at the Birmingham Society of Arts (the precursor to the RBSA), Henry also exhibited at the Royal Academy, British Institution and Society of British Artists. The Wright family's patronage of the Lines family is also evident in William Rostill Lines's (Henry's younger brother) sculpture \"Bust of Mr. Thomas Wright Hill\" that was exhibited at the Birmingham Society of Arts Exhibition in 1829.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Henry Donn", "paragraph_text": "Henry Donn (otherwise Henry Dunn) (died 21 September 1586) was one of the conspirators executed for his involvement in the Babington Plot, a plot in 1586 to assassinate Queen Elizabeth, a Protestant, and put Mary, Queen of Scots, a Catholic, on the English throne.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 147221, "question": "Where did Henry Benbridge live when he died?", "answer": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 30651, "question": "When was #1 established as a city?", "answer": "1701", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Culture of India", "paragraph_text": "Arranged marriages have long been the norm in Indian society. Even today, the majority of Indians have their marriages planned by their parents and other respected family-members. In the past, the age of marriage was young. The average age of marriage for women in India has increased to 21 years, according to 2011 Census of India. In 2009, about 7% of women got married before the age of 18.In most of the marriages the bride's family provide a dowry to the bridegroom. Traditionally, the dowry was considered a woman's share of the family wealth, since a daughter had no legal claim on her natal family's real estate. It also typically included portable valuables such as jewellery and household goods that a bride could control throughout her life. Historically, in most families the inheritance of family estates passed down the male line. Since 1956, Indian laws treat males and females as equal in matters of inheritance without a legal will. Indians are increasingly using a legal will for inheritance and property succession, with about 20 percent using a legal will by 2004.In India, the divorce rate is low — 1% compared with about 40% in the United States. These statistics do not reflect a complete picture, though. There is a dearth of scientific surveys or studies on Indian marriages where the perspectives of both husbands and wives were solicited in-depth. Sample surveys suggest the issues with marriages in India are similar to trends observed elsewhere in the world. The divorce rates are rising in India. Urban divorce rates are much higher. Women initiate about 80 percent of divorces in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Rates of interreligious marriage vary widely: In the United States, it is just under 50%, in the United Kingdom, around 53%; in France; around 30%, and in Australia and Mexico, as low as 10%. In the United States, only about a third of children from intermarriages affiliate with Jewish religious practice. The result is that most countries in the Diaspora have steady or slightly declining religiously Jewish populations as Jews continue to assimilate into the countries in which they live.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Interreligious Council of Bosnia and Herzegovina", "paragraph_text": "The Interreligious Council of Bosnia and Herzegovina (\"Međureligijsko vijeće u Bosni i Hercegovini, MRV\") was established in 1997 with help from the World Conference of Religions for Peace. Its founding members included Grand Mufti Mustafa Cerić, Metropolitan Nikolaj of Dabar-Bosnia, Cardinal and Archbishop of Vrhbosna Vinko Puljić, and Jakob Finci of Jewish Community of Bosnia and Herzegovina.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jonathan Arias", "paragraph_text": "Jonathan Arias Tenorio (born 18 April 1986, in Toluca, Mexico) is a Mexican football, who plays as central defender for Club Toluca of Primera División de México.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Totally Jodie Marsh", "paragraph_text": "The auditions themselves were not successful, as they drew fewer people than expected. From the beginning of the series, ratings dropped rapidly, and as a result MTV One screened a double bill for episodes 4 and 5. Details of her marriage and venue were revealed before the show was halfway complete.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Wall of Soundz", "paragraph_text": "Wall of Soundz is the third studio album from Irish singer-songwriter, Brian McFadden. It was released in Australia on 23 April 2010. The album debuted on the ARIA Albums Chart at #27, its highest peak to date, and spent only three weeks in the ARIA top 50. The album produced McFadden's fourth number one single, \"Just Say So\", which features American rapper, Kevin Rudolf and gained a platinum accreditation, as well as the second single, \"Chemical Rush\" which peaked within the ARIA top 15.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands has been legal since 1 April 2001. The Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Aria Resort and Casino", "paragraph_text": "Aria Resort and Casino Aria Resort & Casino seen from above Location Paradise, Nevada, U.S. Address 3730 South Las Vegas Boulevard Opening date December 16, 2009; 8 years ago (2009 - 12 - 16) No. of rooms 4,004 Total gaming space 150,000 sq ft (14,000 m) Signature attractions Aria Art Collection Notable restaurants Sage, Julian Serrano, Bar Masa, Jean Georges, Bardot Brasserie, Tetsu Owner MGM Resorts International and Infinity World Development Architect Pelli Clarke Pelli Website aria.com", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "ITC Grand Chola Hotel", "paragraph_text": "The hotel is the first in the country to obtain a 5 - star rating from the Association for Development and Research of Sustainable Habitats (ADaRSH). It was rated on 34 criteria, categorised under various sections, including site selection and planning, conservation, utilisation of resources, and building operation and maintenance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dido's Lament", "paragraph_text": "Dido's Lament is the aria ``When I am laid in earth ''from the opera Dido and Aeneas by Henry Purcell (libretto by Nahum Tate).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "As of 2010, the maternal mortality rate was 560 deaths/100,000 live births, and the infant mortality rate was 59.34 deaths/1,000 live births. Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cosby Sweater", "paragraph_text": "\"Cosby Sweater\" is a song by Australian hip hop group, Hilltop Hoods. It was released as the third single from the group's seventh studio album, \"Walking Under Stars\" (2014). In Australia, \"Cosby Sweater\" peaked at No. 4 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart, becoming Hilltop Hoods' highest charting single to date and their third top ten hit overall. The song was rated number three in Triple J's Hottest 100 2014. The song's accompanying music video was released on 3 October 2014 via the Australian iTunes Store.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Asthma", "paragraph_text": "As of 2011, 235–330 million people worldwide are affected by asthma, and approximately 250,000–345,000 people die per year from the disease. Rates vary between countries with prevalences between 1 and 18%. It is more common in developed than developing countries. One thus sees lower rates in Asia, Eastern Europe and Africa. Within developed countries it is more common in those who are economically disadvantaged while in contrast in developing countries it is more common in the affluent. The reason for these differences is not well known. Low and middle income countries make up more than 80% of the mortality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The New Bush", "paragraph_text": "The New Bush is the tenth studio album released by Australian Country Musician Lee Kernaghan. It got nominated for six Golden Guitar trophies, winning four at the Country Music Awards of Australia. The album peaked at number six on the ARIA Charts and was certified platinum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Clown Prince", "paragraph_text": "\"Clown Prince\" is a single released by Australian hip-hop band, the Hilltop Hoods. The single, the first from the 2006 album, \"The Hard Road\", reached #30 in the ARIA charts, becoming the first Hilltop Hoods song to appear on the ARIA Singles Chart. The song also charted at #23 on the Triple J Hottest 100, 2006 list.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Swinging with the Finkels", "paragraph_text": "Swinging with the Finkels is a 2011 British comedy film directed by Jonathan Newman and starring Mandy Moore, Martin Freeman and Melissa George. The screenplay concerns a wealthy London couple who decide to take up \"swinging\" (as in \"partner swapping\") in an attempt to save their struggling marriage. The film was picked up by Freestyle Releasing and had a limited release date in the United States on 26 August 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Dallas Crane (album)", "paragraph_text": "Dallas Crane is the fourth studio album by Australian rock band Dallas Crane. It was released in 2004 and was nominated for the ARIA Music Awards in the Best Rock Album category. It had a favorable critical reception, rated four stars by both \"The Age\", which described it as sounding \"like it was knocked off live over a boozy weekend\", and the \"Sunday Herald Sun\", which rated it \"one of the most impressive rock albums of the past decade ... rivalling \"Face to Face, Big Bad Noise\" and \"Jaws of Life\" in the realm of Aussie classics\". It earned 3½ stars from \"The Herald Sun\" and 7/10 by the \"Sun-Herald\". It was ranked No.2 on a \"Sunday Herald Sun\" list of the best albums of 2004.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Starred Up", "paragraph_text": "Starred Up is a 2013 British prison crime drama film directed by David Mackenzie and written by Jonathan Asser. Starring Jack O'Connell, Ben Mendelsohn and Rupert Friend, the film is based on Jonathan Asser's experiences working as a voluntary therapist at HM Prison Wandsworth, with some of the country’s most violent criminals. The title refers to the early transfer of a criminal from a Young Offender Institution to an adult prison.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kasey Chambers", "paragraph_text": "Kasey Chambers (born 4 June 1976) is an Australian country singer-songwriter and musician born in Mount Gambier. She is the daughter of fellow musicians, Diane and Bill Chambers, and the younger sister of musician and producer, Nash Chambers. All four were members of a family country music group, Dead Ringer Band, from 1992 to 1998, with Chambers starting her solo career thereafter. Five of her twelve studio albums have reached No. 1 on the ARIA Albums Chart, \"Barricades & Brickwalls\" (September 2001), \"Wayward Angel\" (May 2004), \"Carnival\" (August 2006) \"Rattlin' Bones\" (with her then-husband, Shane Nicholson) (April 2008) and \"Dragonfly\" (January 2017). In November 2018 she was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame and has won an additional fourteen ARIA Music Awards with nine for Best Country Album. Her autobiography, \"A Little Bird Told Me...\", which was co-authored with music journalist, Jeff Apter, was released in 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Se vuol ballare", "paragraph_text": "The cavatina \"\" is an aria for baritone or bass from the first act of the opera \"The Marriage of Figaro\" by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The libretto was written by Lorenzo Da Ponte based on a stage comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais, La folle journée, ou le Mariage de Figaro (1784). The Italian title means \"If you want to dance\".", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 102882, "question": "What country was Jonathan Arias from?", "answer": "Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 21126, "question": "What is the rate of interreligious marriage in #1 ?", "answer": "as low as 10%", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Central Intelligence Agency", "paragraph_text": "Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national manager for coordination and deconfliction of HUMINT activities across the entire intelligence community. Moreover, CIA is the only agency authorized by law to carry out and oversee covert action on behalf of the President, unless the President determines that another agency is better suited for carrying out such action. It can, for example, exert foreign political influence through its tactical divisions, such as the Special Activities Division.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Canadian Health Network", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Health Network (CHN) was established in 1999 as a national, bilingual health promotion service operated by the Public Health Agency of Canada and major health organizations across Canada. It was an on-line collaborative service and includes health information providers such as national and provincial/territorial non-profit organizations, as well as universities, hospitals, libraries and community organizations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "United States Public Health Service", "paragraph_text": "The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service (PHS), founded in 1798, as the primary division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW; which was established in 1953), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services in 1979 -- 1980 (when the Education agencies were separated into their own U.S. Department of Education). The Office of the Surgeon General was created in 1871. The PHS comprises all Agency Divisions of Health and Human Services and the Commissioned Corps. The Assistant Secretary for Health (ASH) oversees the PHS and the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "List of specialized agencies of the United Nations", "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization (WHO) acts as a coordinating authority on international public health and deals with health and sanitation and diseases and sends medical teams to help combat epidemics. Established on 7 April 1948, the agency inherited the mandate and resources of its predecessor, the Health Organization, which had been an agency of the League of Nations. It was established in April 7, 1948 when 26 members of the United Nations ratified its Constitution. April 7 is celebrated as the World Health Day every year. The WHO is governed by 194 Member States through the World Health Assembly. Its headquarters are at Geneva in Switzerland.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "United States Department of Health and Human Services", "paragraph_text": "The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare was renamed the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in 1979, when its education functions were transferred to the newly created United States Department of Education under the Department of Education Organization Act. HHS was left in charge of the Social Security Administration, agencies constituting the Public Health Service, and Family Support Administration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) operates the public hospitals and clinics in New York City. A public benefit corporation with $6.7 billion in annual revenues, HHC is the largest municipal healthcare system in the United States serving 1.4 million patients, including more than 475,000 uninsured city residents. HHC was created in 1969 by the New York State Legislature as a public benefit corporation (Chapter 1016 of the Laws 1969). It is similar to a municipal agency but has a Board of Directors. HHC operates 11 acute care hospitals, five nursing homes, six diagnostic and treatment centers, and more than 70 community-based primary care sites, serving primarily the poor and working class. HHC's MetroPlus Health Plan is one of the New York area's largest providers of government-sponsored health insurance and is the plan of choice for nearly half million New Yorkers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "John Hendra", "paragraph_text": "Prior to this position he served from 2011-2014 as UN Assistant Secretary-General and Deputy Executive Director, Policy and Programme, at the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN Women). He was appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon on 11 March 2011. John has also been closely involved in the process of formulating the 2030 Agenda, including as a member of the Informal Senior Coordination Group (2012-2014) and as Co-Chair of the UN Development Group's MDG Task Force. He also recently served as Co-Chair of the UN Leadership Group.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "World Health Organization", "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health. It was established on 7 April 1948, and is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland. The WHO is a member of the United Nations Development Group. Its predecessor, the Health Organisation, was an agency of the League of Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ministry of Employment and Labor", "paragraph_text": "South Korea's Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL, 고용노동부) is a cabinet-level ministry overseeing labor affairs. Its predecessor agency, the Division of Labor, was established under the direction of the Minister of Social Affairs (사회부장관) on 11 November 1948. It was upgraded to a cabinet ministry on 8 April 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pennsylvania Department of Health", "paragraph_text": "Pennsylvania Department of Health Agency overview Formed April 27, 1905 Jurisdiction Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Agency executive Dr. Rachel Levine, Secretary of Health Website http://www.health.pa.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of Areas of Special Scientific Interest in Northern Ireland", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of the Areas of Special Scientific Interest (ASSIs) in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. In Northern Ireland the body responsible for designating ASSIs is the Northern Ireland Environment Agency - a division of the Department of Environment (DoE).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Noise pollution", "paragraph_text": "The Environmental Protection Agency retains authority to investigate and study noise and its effect, disseminate information to the public regarding noise pollution and its adverse health effects, respond to inquiries on matters related to noise, and evaluate the effectiveness of existing regulations for protecting the public health and welfare, pursuant to the Noise Control Act of 1972 and the Quiet Communities Act of 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "WorkCover Authority of New South Wales", "paragraph_text": "The WorkCover Authority of New South Wales or WorkCover NSW is a New South Wales Government agency established in 1989. The agency creates regulations to promote productive, healthy and safe workplaces for workers and employers in New South Wales. The agency formed part of the Safety, Return to Work and Support Division established pursuant to the Safety, Return to Work and Support Board Act, 2012 (NSW).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "John Brandl", "paragraph_text": "John Brandl (August 19, 1937 - August 18, 2008) was a Minnesota economist, state legislator and dean of the Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs at the University of Minnesota. He also served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Department of Health, Education and Welfare during the Johnson Administration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Veterinary Medicines Directorate", "paragraph_text": "The Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) is an Executive Agency of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) seeking to protect public health, animal health, the environment and promoting animal welfare by assuring the safety, quality and efficacy of veterinary medicines in the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "United States Public Health Service", "paragraph_text": "United States Public Health Service Logo of the United States Public Health Service Flag of the U.S. Public Health Service Agency overview Formed 1798 (reorganized / renamed: 1871 / 1889 / 1902 / 1912) Jurisdiction Federal government of the United States Headquarters Hubert H. Humphrey Building Washington, D.C. Agency executive Admiral Brett Giroir, Assistant Secretary for Health Parent agency Department of Health and Human Services Website www.hhs.gov/ash ``Public Health Service March ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Runway Moms", "paragraph_text": "Runway Moms is an American reality television program created for the Discovery Health Channel. It is a documentary style show profiling women that work for Expecting Models, a modeling agency that specializes in pregnant models and actresses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Occupational Safety and Health Administration", "paragraph_text": "The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) (/ ˈoʊʃə /) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor. Congress established the agency under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which President Richard M. Nixon signed into law on December 29, 1970. OSHA's mission is to ``assure safe and healthy working conditions for working men and women by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education and assistance ''. The agency is also charged with enforcing a variety of whistleblower statutes and regulations. OSHA is currently headed by Acting Assistant Secretary of Labor Loren Sweatt. OSHA's workplace safety inspections have been shown to reduce injury rates and injury costs without adverse effects to employment, sales, credit ratings, or firm survival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Public Health Agency of Canada", "paragraph_text": "The Public Health Agency of Canada (French: Agence de la santé publique du Canada) is an agency of the Government of Canada that is responsible for public health, emergency preparedness, and response and infectious and chronic disease control and prevention. It was formed by Order in Council in 2004 and subsequently by legislation that came into force December 15, 2006 and it is member of the Federal Health Portfolio (along with Health Canada, the Canadian Institute of Health Research, and other organizations).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 157305, "question": "What is John Hendra's place of employment?", "answer": "United Nations", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 72062, "question": "the specialized agency that serves as the public health division of #1 is", "answer": "The World Health Organization (WHO)", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[ "WHO", "World Health Organization" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In", "paragraph_text": "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (often simply referred to as Laugh-In) is an American sketch comedy television program that ran for 140 episodes from January 22, 1968 to March 12, 1973 on the NBC television network, hosted by comedians Dan Rowan and Dick Martin. It originally aired as a one-time special on September 9, 1967 and was such a success that it was brought back as a series, replacing \"The Man from U.N.C.L.E.\" on Mondays at 8 pm (ET).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cistus ocreatus", "paragraph_text": "Cistus ocreatus is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with purple-pink flowers. It is sometimes treated as synonymous with \"Cistus symphytifolius\" or as its subspecies \"C. symphytifolius\" subsp. \"leucophyllus\". Its name is sometimes spelt Cistus ochreatus. It is endemic to Gran Canaria in the Canary Islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Abandon (album)", "paragraph_text": "The album was followed by a successful 1998/1999 world tour which brought Deep Purple to Australia for the first time in 15 years. In 1999 a live album and DVD \"\" recorded in Melbourne on 20 April 1999 was released.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Altarpiece of Saints Ursula, Martin and Anthony", "paragraph_text": "The Altarpiece of Saints Ursula, Martin and Anthony is a reredo by the Spanish late Gothic painter Gonzalo Pérez, dating to 1420 and housed in the Museu de Belles Arts of Valencia, Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Echium plantagineum in Australia", "paragraph_text": "In the 1880s, it was introduced to Australia, probably both as an accidental contaminant of pasture seed and as an ornamental plant. Reportedly, both names for the plant derive from Jane Paterson or Patterson, an early settler of the country near Albury. She brought the first seeds from Europe to beautify a garden, and then could only watch helplessly as the weed infested previously productive pastures for many miles around.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Big Comfy Couch", "paragraph_text": "Loonette is the lead character, portrayed by Alyson Court from 1992 -- 2002 and Ramona Gilmour - Darling in 2006 - 2007. She is a young clown living with her doll, Molly, on the eponymous Big Comfy Couch, an over-sized green couch with flower patterns on it. She wears a pink dress with purple sleeves and a white shirt with yellow clown suns and moons. She also wears a purple hat on her head and wears black and white socks with black shoes on her feet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lockheed Martin VH-71 Kestrel", "paragraph_text": "The Lockheed Martin VH-71 Kestrel was a variant of the AgustaWestland AW101 (formerly the EH101) that was being manufactured to replace the United States Marine Corps' Marine One U.S. Presidential transport fleet. Originally marketed for various competitions as the \"US101\", it was developed and manufactured in the US by a consortium headed by Lockheed Martin, consisting of Lockheed Martin Systems Integration – Owego (LMSI), AgustaWestland and Bell Helicopter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Green", "paragraph_text": "In the subtractive color system, used in painting and color printing, green is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. On the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel, the complement of green is magenta; that is, a color corresponding to an equal mixture of red and blue light (one of the purples). On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Dimorphotheca sinuata", "paragraph_text": "\"Dimorphotheca sinuata\" grows in western South Africa and in Namibia, very often in places receiving winter rainfall but also in sandy deserts. It flowers early in spring. It is an annual sometimes exceeding 30 cm (12 inches) in height. Flower heads are generally yellow or orange with purple markings, containing both ray florets and disc florets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Purple martin", "paragraph_text": "The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Euphorbia palustris", "paragraph_text": "Euphorbia palustris, the marsh spurge or marsh euphorbia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae, native to marshland throughout much of mainland Europe and western Asia. It is an herbaceous perennial growing to tall and wide, with narrow leaves turning red and yellow in autumn, and persistent, bright acid yellow flower-heads (cyathia), across, in spring.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Grape", "paragraph_text": "Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Anthocyanins and other pigment chemicals of the larger family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the varying shades of purple in red wines. Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Saint Barthélemy", "paragraph_text": "Other trees of note include the royal palm, sea grape trees in the form of shrubs on the beaches and as 5 to 7 m trees in the interior areas of the island, aloe or aloe vera (brought from the Mediterranean), the night blooming cereus, mamillaria nivosa, yellow prickly pear or barbary fig which was planted as barbed wire defences against invading British army in 1773, Mexican cactus, stapelia gigantea, golden trumpet or yellow bell which was originally from South America, bougainvillea and others.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Philadelphia Eagles", "paragraph_text": "The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Brian Dawkins, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, and Norm Van Brocklin have been inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Vicia lutea", "paragraph_text": "Vicia lutea (yellow vetch, smooth yellow vetch) is a plant species of the genus \"Vicia\". It is native to Europe, western Asia, and North Africa, and it is known on other continents as an introduced species. It is an annual herb. It has leaves made up of several pairs of oblong or linear leaflets each 1 to 2 centimeters long. It produces solitary flowers or clusters of up to 3 flowers with yellow or purple-tinged corollas up to 3 centimeters in length.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lauren Fenmore", "paragraph_text": "Lauren Fenmore is a fictional character from the American CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless, portrayed by actress Tracey E. Bregman. Introduced by William J. Bell, the character made her debut during the episode airing on January 21, 1983. In 1992, Bregman brought the character to The Bold and the Beautiful, resulting in her migrating there fully in 1995.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Acacia cowleana", "paragraph_text": "Acacia cowleana, Halls Creek wattle, is a northern Australian native shrub. It is a flowering plant with yellow flowers that only open in winter. Its origin is the Northern Australia's dry tropics. It belongs to the genus of \"Acacia\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Association football", "paragraph_text": "The referee may punish a player's or substitute's misconduct by a caution (yellow card) or dismissal (red card). A second yellow card at the same game leads to a red card, and therefore to a dismissal. A player given a yellow card is said to have been \"booked\", the referee writing the player's name in his official notebook. If a player has been dismissed, no substitute can be brought on in their place. Misconduct may occur at any time, and while the offences that constitute misconduct are listed, the definitions are broad. In particular, the offence of \"unsporting behaviour\" may be used to deal with most events that violate the spirit of the game, even if they are not listed as specific offences. A referee can show a yellow or red card to a player, substitute or substituted player. Non-players such as managers and support staff cannot be shown the yellow or red card, but may be expelled from the technical area if they fail to conduct themselves in a responsible manner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bird migration", "paragraph_text": "Hunting along migration routes threatens some bird species. The populations of Siberian cranes (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) that wintered in India declined due to hunting along the route, particularly in Afghanistan and Central Asia. Birds were last seen in their favourite wintering grounds in Keoladeo National Park in 2002. Structures such as power lines, wind farms and offshore oil-rigs have also been known to affect migratory birds. Other migration hazards include pollution, storms, wildfires, and habitat destruction along migration routes, denying migrants food at stopover points. For example, in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, up to 65% of key intertidal habitat at the Yellow Sea migration bottleneck has been destroyed since the 1950s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "History of the Philadelphia Eagles", "paragraph_text": "In exchange for an entry fee of $2,500, the Bell - Wray group was awarded the assets of the failed Yellow Jackets organization. Drawing inspiration from the insignia of the centerpiece of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal, specifically the National Recovery Act's ``blue eagle, ''Bell and Wray named the new franchise the Philadelphia Eagles, with Bell as president and general manager and Wray as head coach. Neither the Eagles nor the NFL officially regard the two franchises as the same, citing the aforementioned period of dormancy. The Eagles simply inherited the NFL rights to the Philadelphia area. Further, Wray and Bell assembled an almost entirely new team; only a single player from the 1931 Yellow Jackets ended up with the 1933 Eagles.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 39198, "question": "Where was the plant yellow bell brought from?", "answer": "South America", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 43712, "question": "when do purple martins migrate to #1", "answer": "winter", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[ "Winter" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex", "paragraph_text": "San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Complex is a National Wildlife Refuge complex in the state of California, comprising seven separate wildlife refuges in and around San Francisco Bay. They are administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The complex is also responsible for the Common Murre Restoration Project, designed to protect seabird life on the California central cost, including the Common Murre. The project hopes to establish a colony of murres at Devil's Slide Rock near Pacifica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Galla Creek Township, Pope County, Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "Galla Creek Township is a former township of Pope County, Arkansas. It was located in the southern part of the county and contained part of the Holla Bend National Wildlife Refuge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bear Valley National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Bear Valley National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge in the southwestern part of Klamath County, Oregon, near the California border. It was established in 1978 to protect the nesting areas of bald eagles. The refuge is part of the Klamath Basin National Wildlife Refuge Complex and has an area of It is administered along with the other refuges in the complex from offices in Tulelake, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dakota Lake National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Dakota Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in North Dakota. It is managed under Kulm Wetland Management District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States on the border between California and Oregon. It is operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge was designated a National Historic Landmark on October 16, 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Brumba National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Brumba National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Towner County, North Dakota. It is managed under Devils Lake Wetland Management District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Alcohol laws of Indiana", "paragraph_text": "In Indiana, alcohol may be sold only to those 21 years of age or older during the hours 7 a.m. to 3 a.m.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Stone Lakes National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Stone Lakes National Wildlife Refuge, located south of Sacramento, California, lies within the Sacramento-San Joaquin delta, the destination of thousands of migrating waterfowl, shorebirds, and other water birds. The refuge was established in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lords Lake National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Lords Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Bottineau and Rolette counties, North Dakota. It is managed under J. Clark Salyer National Wildlife Refuge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nomans Land Island National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Nomans Land Island Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located on Nomans Land, a island off the coast of Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. It is part of the town of Chilmark, in Dukes County. The Island is long east to west, and about north to south. Nomans Land Island was used for aerial gunnery by the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1996. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service has managed an \"overlay\" refuge on the Eastern third of the Island under a Joint Management Agreement between the Department of the Interior and Department of the Navy since 1975. Following an extensive surface clearance of ordnance in 1997 and 1998, the Island was transferred to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to become Nomans Land Island National Wildlife Refuge. It was established \" . . . for use as an inviolate sanctuary, or for any other management purpose, for migratory birds\" under the Migratory Bird Conservation Act.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Modoc National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Modoc National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in northeastern California. It is next to the South Fork of the Pit River in Modoc County, southeast of Alturas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Limehouse, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Limehouse is an unincorporated community in Jasper County, South Carolina, United States. The community is located at the intersection of US 17 and SC 170, south of Hardeeville, north of Savannah, Georgia and buffered to its west by the Savannah National Wildlife Refuge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Black Canyon Petroglyphs", "paragraph_text": "The Black Canyon Petroglyphs is an area of prehistoric petroglyphs in Lincoln County, Nevada that is listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. Located in the Pahranagat National Wildlife Refuge, they are accessible to the public.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mashpee National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Mashpee National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in the state of Massachusetts. Established in 1995, it is administered by the Eastern Massachusetts National Wildlife Complex. The refuge has a surface area of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located three miles (5 km) east of Seymour, Indiana, on U.S. Route 50. Established in 1966, it comprises in its main area of eastern Jackson and western Jennings counties, and an additional in northwestern Monroe County, near Bloomington, Indiana, known as the \"Restle Unit\". It was established thanks to the selling of Federal Migratory Waterfowl Stamps, commonly known as Duck Stamps, by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. It was Indiana's first National Wildlife Refuge. The name comes from the Muscatatuck River, which means \"land of winding waters\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "McNary National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "McNary National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife preserve, one of the national wildlife refuges operated by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Extending along the east bank of the Columbia River in southeastern Washington, from the confluence of the Snake River to the mouth of the Walla Walla River, and downstream into Oregon, McNary NWR is located in rural Burbank, but very close to the rapid development of the Tri-Cities (Kennewick, Pasco and Richland). In fact, the refuge meets the definition of an \"urban refuge.\" Few areas in North America support waterfowl populations in the extraordinary numbers found here. Visitors enjoy spectacular concentrations of Canada geese, mallards, and other waterfowl. More than half the mallards in the Pacific Flyway overwinter at some time in this portion of the Columbia River Basin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tamarindo Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "The Tamarindo Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge of Costa Rica, part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, protects the estuary and river mouth of the Matapalo River near the Las Baulas National Marine Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Lake George National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Lake George National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in Kidder County, North Dakota. It a privately owned property on Lake George (also known as Salt Lake) near Streeter, North Dakota, with refuge easement rights for flooding, and is one of six easement refuges managed under Long Lake National Wildlife Refuge. It is closed to hunting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kirwin National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Kirwin National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge of the United States located in Kansas. It was established in 1954 for the conservation and management of wildlife resources, particularly migratory birds. The Kirwin Dam was built in the early 1950s near Kirwin, Kansas, and the reservoir created in the process provides water to the refuge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in southern Colorado. The refuge is located in the San Luis Valley south of the town of Monte Vista, Colorado in southeastern Rio Grande County, Colorado, in the watershed of the Rio Grande. It was established in 1953 by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission to provide a habitat for wildlife, particularly waterfowl, in the San Luis Valley.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129440, "question": "In which state is Muscatatuck National Wildlife Refuge located?", "answer": "Indiana", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 69002, "question": "when do stores stop selling alcohol in #1", "answer": "3 a.m.", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "3 A.M." ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Cherepovets Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Cherepovets Governorate (, \"Cherepovetskaya guberniya\") was a governorate (\"guberniya\") of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1918 to 1927. Its seat was in the city of Cherepovets. The governorate was located in the North of European Russia, and its territory is currently divided between Vologda, Novgorod, and Leningrad Oblasts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Carole Hillard", "paragraph_text": "Carole Hillard (August 14, 1936 – October 25, 2007) was the first woman to serve as Lieutenant Governor of South Dakota.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "John McClannahan Crockett", "paragraph_text": "John McClannahan Crockett (December 26, 1816 – August 4, 1887) was a Texan lawyer, mayor of Dallas, and the eighth Lieutenant Governor of Texas. A South Carolina native, Crockett moved to Texas in 1847. He became the second mayor of Dallas, and the eighth Lieutenant Governor of Texas from 1861–1863.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2018 Alaska gubernatorial election", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Alaska gubernatorial election will take place on November 6, 2018, to elect the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of Alaska. Incumbent Governor Bill Walker is running for re-election to a second term again as an Independent candidate. In the primaries for recognized political parties, candidates for Governor and Lieutenant Governor run separately. The winners of each respective primary for Governor and Lieutenant Governor then become a joint ticket in the general election for their political party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ole H. Olson", "paragraph_text": "Ole H. Olson (September 19, 1872 – January 29, 1954) was the 16th Lieutenant Governor and the 18th Governor of North Dakota.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "John Edwin Holmes", "paragraph_text": "John Edwin Holmes (December 28, 1809 – May 8, 1863) was an American politician and the first Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Jude Hofschneider", "paragraph_text": "Jude Hofschneider (born September 12, 1966) is an American Republican politician from the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. He served as the ninth Lieutenant Governor. He was automatically elevated to this position on February 20, 2013, when the former lieutenant governor, Eloy S. Inos, assumed the governorship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant Governor and President of the Senate of Texas Seal of the Lieutenant Governor Incumbent Dan Patrick since January 20, 2015 Style The Honorable Term length Four years, no term limits Inaugural holder Albert Clinton Horton 1846 Formation Texas Constitution Website Office of the Lieutenant Governor", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "John Morison Gibson", "paragraph_text": "Sir John Morison Gibson, (January 1, 1842 – June 3, 1929) was a Canadian politician and the tenth Lieutenant Governor of Ontario.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "The Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina is the second - in - command to the Governor of South Carolina. The Lieutenant Governor serves as the President of the South Carolina Senate and ascends to the office of Governor should it become vacant. The office of Lieutenant Governor is a part - time position and is currently occupied by Kevin L. Bryant since January 25, 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jean Baptiste Plauché", "paragraph_text": "Jean Baptiste Plauché (28 January 1785 – 2 January 1860) was a Louisiana soldier and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana, from 1850 to 1853 serving under Governor Joseph M. Walker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gunfighters of the Northwest", "paragraph_text": "Gunfighters of the Northwest (1954) was the 53rd serial released by Columbia Pictures. It was entirely filmed on location at Big Bear Lake, California, USA, and not a single scene was filmed in indoors setting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rokeby, Ontario", "paragraph_text": "Rokeby, Ontario was the Government townsite located on the mainland at Bobcaygeon, Ontario, Canada, by the Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, Sir John Colborne. Through common usage and the establishment of a Post Office in 1838, the name Bobcaygeon came to describe the entire town. The name has effectively been lost, with the bankruptcy of Rokeby Lumber in 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of governors of Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Governor of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Flag of the Governor Seal of the Governor Incumbent Tom Wolf since January 20, 2015 Residence Governor's Residence Term length Four years renewable once Inaugural holder Thomas Mifflin Formation December 21, 1790 Deputy Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania Salary $187,256 (2013) Website governor.pa.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ryland Fletcher", "paragraph_text": "Ryland Fletcher (February 18, 1799 – December 19, 1885) was an American farmer, politician, the 19th Lieutenant Governor of Vermont from 1854 to 1856, and then was the 24th Governor of Vermont from October 10, 1856 to October 10, 1858.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mississippi State Senate", "paragraph_text": "The President of the Senate is Mississippi Lieutenant Governor Tate Reeves. The President pro tempore is Republican Terry C. Burton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Henry William Stisted", "paragraph_text": "Lieutenant-General Sir Henry William Stisted, (5 June 1817 – 10 December 1875), served as the first Lieutenant Governor of Ontario after Confederation, from 1867 to 1868.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "List of chief ministers of Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The Chief Minister of Delhi is the chief executive of the National Capital Territory of Delhi in north India. According to the Constitution of India, the lieutenant governor is Delhi's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with its chief minister. Following elections to the Delhi Legislative Assembly, the lieutenant governor usually invites the party with a majority of seats to form the government. The President of India, on the advice of the lieutenant governor, appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that he has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Big Walnut High School", "paragraph_text": "Big Walnut High School is a public high school located in Sunbury, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Big Walnut Local School District. It was established in 1950. The current building was built in 1991 and has a student population of almost 1,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Ted Schwinden", "paragraph_text": "Theodore \"Ted\" Schwinden (born August 31, 1925) is an American politician. He served as the 23rd Lieutenant Governor of Montana and the 19th Governor of Montana.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131418, "question": "Which state is Highline Big Picture located?", "answer": "Washington", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 80482, "question": "who is the current lieutenant governor of #1", "answer": "Cyrus Habib", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Oued Irara–Krim Belkacem Airport", "paragraph_text": "Oued Irara–Krim Belkacem Airport () is an airport serving Hassi Messaoud, a city in the Ouargla Province of eastern Algeria. It is located southeast of the city. The airport is named for Krim Belkacem (1922–1970), an Algerian revolutionary fighter and politician.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Calgary/Springbank Airport", "paragraph_text": "Calgary/Springbank Airport or Springbank Airport, is an airport located in Springbank, Alberta, a large western suburb of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The airport is located within rural Rocky View County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ioannina National Airport", "paragraph_text": "Ioannina International Airport () is an airport located four kilometers from the city center of Ioannina, Greece. Its full name is Ioannina International Airport - King Pyrrhus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "El Tajín National Airport", "paragraph_text": "El Tajín National Airport is an international airport located in Tihuatlán, Veracruz, Mexico, near Poza Rica. The airport is named after the archeological site of El Tajín. It handles commercial air traffic for the cities of Poza Rica and Túxpam. Aeropuertos y Servicios Auxiliares, a federal government-owned corporation, operates the airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Carlos Prates Airport", "paragraph_text": "Carlos Prates Airport is one of the airports serving Belo Horizonte, Brazil. It is named after the neighborhood where it is located and this, in turn, was named after an Engineer that planned parts of Belo Horizonte.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Fukuoka Airport", "paragraph_text": "Fukuoka Airport is the principal airport on the island of Kyushu and is the fourth busiest passenger airport in Japan. As of 2017, the airport is the fourth busiest single-runway airport in the world by passenger traffic (after Mumbai, London–Gatwick and İstanbul-Sabiha Gökçen). The airport is surrounded by residential areas; flights stop at 10 p.m. at the request of local residents and resume operation at 7 a.m. The domestic terminal is connected to the city by the Fukuoka City Subway, and a subway from the airport to the business district takes less than ten minutes. The international terminal is only accessible by road, although there is scheduled bus service to Hakata Station and the Tenjin area. Alternatives to access the Fukuoka area include Saga Airport and Kitakyushu Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Casablanca", "paragraph_text": "Casablanca's main airport is Mohammed V International Airport, Morocco's busiest airport. Regular domestic flights serve Marrakech, Rabat, Agadir, Oujda, Tangier, Al Hoceima, and Laayoune, as well as other cities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Menorca Airport", "paragraph_text": "Menorca Airport (IATA: MAH, ICAO: LEMH; Catalan: Aeroport de Menorca, Spanish: Aeropuerto de Menorca) is the airport serving the Balearic island of Menorca in the Mediterranean Sea, near the coast of Spain. The airport is located 4.5 km (2.8 mi) southwest of Mahón after which it is sometimes informally also named.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport", "paragraph_text": "John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport (IATA: YHM, ICAO: CYHM) is an international airport located in Mount Hope, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It is named for John Carr Munro, former Canadian Member of Parliament in Hamilton and cabinet minister. The airport is situated 11 km (6.8 mi) and 64 km (40 mi) southwest of Downtown Hamilton and Downtown Toronto, respectively. It is one of four airports serving Greater Toronto providing scheduled passenger service and serves as an alternate and reliever for nearby Toronto Pearson International Airport. Former British airline Flyglobespan referred to the airport as Toronto Hamilton International Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Two airports serve Philadelphia: the Philadelphia International Airport (PHL), straddling the southern boundary of the city, and the Northeast Philadelphia Airport (PNE), a general aviation reliever airport in Northeast Philadelphia. Philadelphia International Airport provides scheduled domestic and international air service, while Northeast Philadelphia Airport serves general and corporate aviation. In 2013, Philadelphia International Airport was the 15th busiest airport in the world measured by traffic movements (i.e. takeoffs and landings). It is also the second largest hub and primary international hub for American Airlines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or simply Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic, serving 4,305,744 passengers in 2017, and the 11th busiest airport by aircraft movements. It is a hub for passenger airlines Calm Air, Perimeter Airlines, Flair Airlines, and cargo airline Cargojet. It is also a focus city for WestJet. The airport is co-located with Canadian Forces Base Winnipeg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport is the primary airport serving Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is located southeast of downtown Yinchuan in the town of Linghe of Lingwu City. A relatively small airport compared to many airports in China, it nevertheless is the autonomous region's main aviation gateway. Its name \"Hedong\" literally means \"East of the River\" and derives from the airport's location east of the Yellow River. It is connected to over 20 cities by either direct flights, or transferring in Xi'an and Beijing. The terminal building covers a total area of . In 2013, the airport handled 4,247,843 passengers, making it the 39th-busiest airport in China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Poznań–Ławica Airport", "paragraph_text": "Poznań–Ławica Henryk Wieniawski Airport (IATA: POZ, ICAO: EPPO), built in 1913, is one of the oldest airports in Poland. It is located 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Poznań city centre. It takes its name from the neighborhood of Ławica, part of the city's Grunwald district while the airport actually lies in the Jeżyce district.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Suceava International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Suceava Ștefan cel Mare International Airport () is an airport serving the city of Suceava, Romania. It is located in Salcea, east of Suceava, and west of Botoșani. The airport is named in honour of the Prince of Moldavia Stephen the Great.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mohammed V International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Mohammed V International Airport (; , ; Berber: ⴰⵣⴰⴳⵯⵣ ⴰⴳⵔⵖⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵙ5; ) is an international airport serving Casablanca, Morocco. Located in Nouaceur Province, it is operated by ONDA (). With just under 8 million passengers passing through the airport in 2014, it was the busiest airport in Morocco and the fourth busiest in Africa. In August 2014, ONDA reported a year-on-year increase of 7.28% passenger traffic, to 918,238. The airport serves as hub for Royal Air Maroc, Jetairfly, Air Arabia Maroc and RAM Express. It is named after King Mohammed V of Morocco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rabah Bitat Airport", "paragraph_text": "Rabah Bitat Airport , formerly known as Les Salines Airport, and popularly as El Mellah Airport is an international airport located south of Annaba, a city in Algeria. It is named after Rabah Bitat, a president of Algeria (1978-1979).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "General Justo José de Urquiza Airport", "paragraph_text": "General Justo José de Urquiza Airport () is located on the southeast side of Paraná, a city in the Entre Ríos Province of Argentina. The airport covers an area of and is operated by Aeropuertos Argentina 2000. The airport is named for Justo José de Urquiza, president of the Argentine Confederation from 1854 to 1860.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Savitri Jindal Airport", "paragraph_text": "Savitri Jindal Airport is a private/public airstrip owned by Jindal Steel and Power located at Angul in the Angul district of Odisha. The airport is named after the richest lady of India, Savitri Jindal. Nearest airport/airstrip to this airstrip is Phulbani Airstrip in Phulbani, Odisha.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tancredo Neves International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Belo Horizonte - Tancredo Neves/Confins International Airport , formerly called Confins International Airport is the primary international airport serving Belo Horizonte. Since 2 September 1986 the airport is named after Tancredo de Almeida Neves (1910–1985), President-elect of Brazil. It is located in the municipality of Confins, in the Minas Gerais. It is operated by BH Airport S.A.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Jixi Xingkaihu Airport", "paragraph_text": "Jixi Xingkaihu Airport is an airport serving Jixi, a city in Heilongjiang Province, China. It is located 18 kilometers from the city center in Jidong County near the Russian border, and is named after Khanka Lake (\"Xingkaihu\" in Chinese). The airport cost 262 million yuan to build and was opened in October 2009.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130739, "question": "What state is KOFI located?", "answer": "Montana", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 39558, "question": "What is the name of the busiest airport in #1 ?", "answer": "Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Neighbourhood police centre", "paragraph_text": "A neighbourhood police centre (NPC) is a mid-sized police station in Singapore, introduced in 1997 to replace the Singapore Police Force's Neighbourhood Police Post (NPP) system. Based similarly on the concepts of community policing and modelled after the kōban system in Japan, it allows for police officers on the ground to perform more duties, particularly investigative work, which was previously in the hands of division-based officers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Parliament of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Treaty of Union by Acts of Union passed by the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. At the start of the 19th century, Parliament was further enlarged by Acts of Union ratified by the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland that abolished the latter and added 100 Irish MPs and 32 Lords to the former to create the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 formally amended the name to the ``Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '', five years after the secession of the Irish Free State.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Police", "paragraph_text": "The word \"police\" was borrowed from French into the English language in the 18th century, but for a long time it applied only to French and continental European police forces. The word, and the concept of police itself, were \"disliked as a symbol of foreign oppression\" (according to Britannica 1911). Before the 19th century, the first use of the word \"police\" recorded in government documents in the United Kingdom was the appointment of Commissioners of Police for Scotland in 1714 and the creation of the Marine Police in 1798.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fluid and crystallized intelligence", "paragraph_text": "Fluid and crystallized intelligence were originally identified by Raymond Cattell. Concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence were further developed by Cattell's student, John L. Horn. Since Cattell's and Horn's publications, the concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence have become so ingrained in the field of intelligence that they are no longer routinely attributed to Cattell or Horn -- much as Cattell's scree plot became ingrained in the practice of factor analysis or Freud's concept of the subconscious is ingrained in psychology and in the public's perceptions of the mind.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Police", "paragraph_text": "Colquhoun's utilitarian approach to the problem – using a cost-benefit argument to obtain support from businesses standing to benefit – allowed him to achieve what Henry and John Fielding failed for their Bow Street detectives. Unlike the stipendiary system at Bow Street, the river police were full-time, salaried officers prohibited from taking private fees. His other contribution was the concept of preventive policing; his police were to act as a highly visible deterrent to crime by their permanent presence on the Thames. Colquhoun's innovations were a critical development leading up to Robert Peel's \"new\" police three decades later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Fluid and crystallized intelligence", "paragraph_text": "In psychology, fluid and crystallized intelligence (respectively abbreviated Gf and Gc) are factors of general intelligence, originally identified by Raymond Cattell. Concepts of fluid and crystallized intelligence were further developed by Cattell's student John L. Horn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Steam engine", "paragraph_text": "The steam engine contributed much to the development of thermodynamic theory; however, the only applications of scientific theory that influenced the steam engine were the original concepts of harnessing the power of steam and atmospheric pressure and knowledge of properties of heat and steam. The experimental measurements made by Watt on a model steam engine led to the development of the separate condenser. Watt independently discovered latent heat, which was confirmed by the original discoverer Joseph Black, who also advised Watt on experimental procedures. Watt was also aware of the change in the boiling point of water with pressure. Otherwise, the improvements to the engine itself were more mechanical in nature. The thermodynamic concepts of the Rankine cycle did give engineers the understanding needed to calculate efficiency which aided the development of modern high-pressure and -temperature boilers and the steam turbine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Slavery in international law", "paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hyperloop Transportation Technologies", "paragraph_text": "Hyperloop Transportation Technologies, also known as HyperloopTT, is an American research company formed using a crowd collaboration approach (a mix of team collaboration and crowdsourcing) to develop a transportation system based on the Hyperloop concept, which was envisioned by Elon Musk in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Petition to the King", "paragraph_text": "Many colonists in the Americas, however, developed a different conception of their role within the British Empire. In particular, because the colonies were not directly represented in Parliament, colonists argued that Parliament had no right to levy taxes upon them. After colonists destroyed thousands of pounds of British - taxed tea during the Boston Tea Party, Parliament passed the Coercive Acts in 1774, punishing the colonies for their actions. These punitive Acts were vehemently opposed by the colonists, leading the newly formed Continental Congress to seek redress with King George III, in an attempt to reach a common understanding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Unité d'habitation", "paragraph_text": "The Unité d'habitation (, \"Housing Unit\") is a modernist residential housing design principle developed by Le Corbusier, with the collaboration of painter-architect Nadir Afonso. The concept formed the basis of several housing developments designed by him throughout Europe with this name. The most famous of these developments is located in south Marseille.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Brain", "paragraph_text": "The invention of electronic computers in the 1940s, along with the development of mathematical information theory, led to a realization that brains can potentially be understood as information processing systems. This concept formed the basis of the field of cybernetics, and eventually gave rise to the field now known as computational neuroscience. The earliest attempts at cybernetics were somewhat crude in that they treated the brain as essentially a digital computer in disguise, as for example in John von Neumann's 1958 book, The Computer and the Brain. Over the years, though, accumulating information about the electrical responses of brain cells recorded from behaving animals has steadily moved theoretical concepts in the direction of increasing realism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Two-factor theory of intelligence", "paragraph_text": "Charles Spearman developed his two - factor theory of intelligence using factor analysis. His research not only led him to develop the concept of the g factor of general intelligence, but also the s factor of specific intellectual abilities. L.L. Thurstone, Howard Gardner, and Robert Sternberg also researched the structure of intelligence, and in analyzing their data, concluded that a single underlying factor was influencing the general intelligence of individuals. However, Spearman was criticized in 1916 by Godfrey Thomson, who claimed that the evidence was not as crucial as it seemed. Modern research is still expanding this theory by investigating Spearman's law of diminishing returns, and adding connected concepts to the research.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Prenatal memory", "paragraph_text": "There is some evidence that fetal memory may begin within the second trimester after conception. Substantial evidence for fetal memories has been found at around 30 weeks after conception. Fetal memory is important for parental recognition, and facilitates the bond between child and parents. One of the most important types of memory is that which stores information contributing to the maternal bond between infant and mother. This form of memory is important for a type of development known as attachment. Fetal memory is thus critical to the survival of the fetus both prenatally (in the womb) and after birth as an infant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Police", "paragraph_text": "Studies of this kind outside of Europe are even rarer, so it is difficult to make generalizations, but one small-scale study that compared transnational police information and intelligence sharing practices at specific cross-border locations in North America and Europe confirmed that low visibility of police information and intelligence sharing was a common feature (Alain, 2001). Intelligence-led policing is now common practice in most advanced countries (Ratcliffe, 2007) and it is likely that police intelligence sharing and information exchange has a common morphology around the world (Ratcliffe, 2007). James Sheptycki has analyzed the effects of the new information technologies on the organization of policing-intelligence and suggests that a number of 'organizational pathologies' have arisen that make the functioning of security-intelligence processes in transnational policing deeply problematic. He argues that transnational police information circuits help to \"compose the panic scenes of the security-control society\". The paradoxical effect is that, the harder policing agencies work to produce security, the greater are feelings of insecurity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Packet switching", "paragraph_text": "In the early 1960s, American computer scientist Paul Baran developed the concept Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching with the goal to provide a fault - tolerant, efficient routing method for telecommunication messages as part of a research program at the RAND Corporation, funded by the US Department of Defense. This concept contrasted and contradicted then - established principles of pre-allocation of network bandwidth, largely fortified by the development of telecommunications in the Bell System. The new concept found little resonance among network implementers until the independent work of British computer scientist Donald Davies at the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom) in 1965. Davies is credited with coining the modern name packet switching and inspiring numerous packet switching networks in the decade following, including the incorporation of the concept in the early ARPANET in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Maiden Voyage (Herbie Hancock album)", "paragraph_text": "Maiden Voyage is the fifth album led by jazz musician Herbie Hancock, and was recorded by Rudy Van Gelder on March 17, 1965 for Blue Note Records. It was issued as BLP 4195 and BST 84195. It is a concept album aimed at creating an oceanic atmosphere. Many of the track titles refer to marine biology or the sea, and the musicians develop the concept through their use of space. The album was presented with the Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1999.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Police", "paragraph_text": "The terms international policing, transnational policing, and/or global policing began to be used from the early 1990s onwards to describe forms of policing that transcended the boundaries of the sovereign nation-state (Nadelmann, 1993), (Sheptycki, 1995). These terms refer in variable ways to practices and forms for policing that, in some sense, transcend national borders. This includes a variety of practices, but international police cooperation, criminal intelligence exchange between police agencies working in different nation-states, and police development-aid to weak, failed or failing states are the three types that have received the most scholarly attention.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Court, and suspended the constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Intelligence-led policing", "paragraph_text": "Early development of intelligence - led policing took place in the UK. It was perceived that police were spending too much time responding to specific incidents, and not tackling the problem of repeat offenders. Therefore, reports by the Audit Commission in 1993 and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary in 1997 advocated increased use of intelligence, surveillance and informants to target recidivist offenders, so that police could be more effective in fighting crime. The call was quickly taken up by some police forces, particularly the Kent Constabulary. Intelligence led policing was not a major proponent of policing styles until the September 11th terrorist attacks. Prior to these attacks the majority of all branches of the government would often not divulge any information to each other. The main assumptions of this theory can be described by Ratcliffe's 3i format. As shown by the figure below, the three I's call for close cooperation between police chiefs and intelligence analysts in order to facilitate a strategy that will impact the criminal environment.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 62606, "question": "the concept of intelligence-led policing (ilp) is a concept was developed in what country", "answer": "the UK", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 68350, "question": "when was the parliament formed in the #1", "answer": "1707", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Yesterday's Enterprise", "paragraph_text": "Filming began on Monday, December 11, 1989, and lasted for seven days. The episode was directed by David Carson, who had only filmed one other \"Next Generation\" episode before \"Yesterday's Enterprise\". Carson felt that his relative lack of experience helped because he had no preconceptions about how episodes should be directed. Since much of the episode took place in the darker alternate universe, Carson wanted to emphasize the toll that decades of war had taken on the crew and the bridge. \"Picard really looked tired and worn and like a battle-weary commander, and that's what we wanted the bridge to look like—a battle weary bridge. I had lots of thoughts about making it as strong as possible using a lot of low lights, a lot of dark blues, making it very much more moody\", he said. To heighten the impact of the physical set changes, Carson took a different approach to how he constructed shots. \"It was my intention to make it as much like a submarine as possible and to use low-angle lighting; basically, to do everything the opposite way that the \"Enterprise\" was normally shot.\" The cameras were equipped with longer lenses than usual in order to reduce the depth of the scenes and provide a grittier feel. The use of low angles forced the lighting to be modified to prevent the scene from, in Carson's words, looking \"like a hotel lobby\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Can't Buy Me Love", "paragraph_text": "While in Paris, the Beatles stayed at the five star George V hotel and had an upright piano moved into one of their suites so that song writing could continue. It was here that McCartney wrote ``Ca n't Buy Me Love ''. The song was written under the pressure of the success achieved by`` I Want to Hold Your Hand'' which had just reached number one in America. When producer George Martin first heard ``Ca n't Buy Me Love ''he felt the song needed changing:`` I thought that we really needed a tag for the song's ending, and a tag for the beginning; a kind of intro. So I took the first two lines of the chorus and changed the ending, and said 'Let's just have these lines, and by altering the second phrase we can get back into the verse pretty quickly.''' And they said, ``That's not a bad idea, we'll do it that way ''. The song's verse is a twelve bar blues in structure, a formula that the Beatles seldom applied to their own material.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Next to Me (Imagine Dragons song)", "paragraph_text": "``Next to Me ''was referred to as the band's first love song. Dan Reynolds, lead singer of the song, admitted that it was an unexpected theme change in the interview with Lowe, saying:`` Yeah I do n't typically write love songs. I started writing when I was about 13 years old and it was a source of an escape from school from depression from feeling lost and it was never a romance. So for me this is some of the first times that I've really explored diving into my mind and musicality and sonicality of romance.'' He regarded it as ``something everybody can relate to '', which is the`` feeling like you are going to fail sometimes in a relationship and the true value of a relationship is what happens then''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Nakaimo – My Sister Is Among Them!", "paragraph_text": "Konoe Tsuruma (鶴眞心乃枝, Tsuruma Konoe) Voiced by: Kaori Ishihara (Japanese); Monica Rial (English) A black - haired young girl who attends the same school as Shogo and also the first friend he makes on his first day of his new life. Very curious and believing in destined meetings, she is in the same class as Shogo as well as the class representative. She loves creme puffs. She revealed later that she was Shogo's childhood friend and feels responsible for the accident which landed him in hospital. She has the same phone as the mysterious shadowy figure shown once calling Shogo. It is later revealed that she was also the one who sent him the cake, photo, and action figure on his birthday. She initially called him using the voice of Perin a character from ``Transforming Warrior Granberion ''. She is in love with Shogo. This is underscored when she tells Shogo,`` When we were kids, I wanted to be your sister. I figured we could be together forever that way.'' The phone she used was a prototype developed by her father with a rare voice changer feature. Eventually she becomes Shogo's lover but also reveals that she is Kumagoro's illegitimate daughter. However, in volume 9 it is discovered that Shogo is not Kumagoro's biological son and thus she is not really Shogo's sister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ravelstein", "paragraph_text": "The title character, Ravelstein, is based on the philosopher Allan Bloom, who taught alongside Bellow at the University of Chicago's Committee on Social Thought. Remembering Bloom in an interview, Bellow said, \"Allan inhaled books and ideas the way the rest of us breathe air. ... People only want the factual truth. Well, the truth is that Allan was a very superior person, great-souled. When critics proclaim the death of the novel, I sometimes think they are really saying that there are no significant people to write about,\" but \"Allan was certainly one.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Hymne à l'amour", "paragraph_text": "``Hymne à l'amour ''was translated into English by Piaf's protégé Eddie Constantine as`` Hymn to Love'', which was recorded by Piaf on her album La Vie En Rose / Édith Piaf Sings In English (1956). This version was featured on Cyndi Lauper's 2003 album At Last. It was also adapted into English as ``If You Love Me (Really Love Me) ''with lyrics by Geoffrey Parsons. Piaf then sang this version in Carnegie Hall at both of her performances in 1956 and 1957. Subsequent covers by Kay Starr in 1954, Shirley Bassey in 1959 and Brenda Lee in 1961 brought fame to this version. Raquel Bitton features`` Hymn to Love'' in her tribute to Piaf 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "I Just Want to Make Love to You", "paragraph_text": "``I Just Want to Make Love to You ''is a 1954 blues song written by Willie Dixon, first recorded by Muddy Waters, and released as`` Just Make Love to Me'' (Chess 1571). The song reached number four on Billboard magazine's R&B Best Sellers chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "How You Remind Me", "paragraph_text": "In the video, Kroeger plays a man whose girlfriend (played by model Annie Henley) has left him and is still haunted by her memory. He still feels strongly for her, and sees her everywhere he goes. Whenever he imagines her touch, he feels a warm memory, indicated by the change in lighting in the video. As the music video progresses, he starts to get over her. At the end, she shows up and apparently asks him to forgive her. This is what he thought he had wanted all along, but suddenly he realizes that it is n't really what he wanted, and pushes her away. She is left with a broken heart and haunted by memories, as he had been at the beginning of the video.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better", "paragraph_text": "``I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better ''is a song by the Los Angeles folk rock band the Byrds, first released in June 1965 on the B - side of the band's second single,`` All I Really Want to Do''. It was also included on the Byrds' debut album, Mr. Tambourine Man. Written by Gene Clark, who also sings the lead vocal, ``I'll Feel a Whole Lot Better ''features some of the Byrds' early musical trademarks, including Jim McGuinn's jangling 12 - string Rickenbacker guitar; Clark's pounding tambourine; McGuinn, Clark, and David Crosby's complex harmony singing; and a country - influenced guitar solo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "All I Really Want to Do", "paragraph_text": "``All I Really Want to Do ''is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson - produced 1964 album, Another Side of Bob Dylan (see 1964 in music). It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting. Within a year of its release on Another Side of Bob Dylan, it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ferris Bueller's Day Off", "paragraph_text": "Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week. Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November. Featuring many landmarks, including the then Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: ``I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could. Not just in the architecture and landscape, but the spirit. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "View from the House", "paragraph_text": "View from the House is the eleventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Kim Carnes. It was released on 25 July 1988 by MCA Records. The album marked a return to her early country music roots. Carnes recorded the album in Nashville, Tennessee, and co-produced the album with Jimmy Bowen. Prior to making the album, Carnes stated, \"I can't do another album here (in Los Angeles). I've tried and finally stopped. The only way I get a thrill out of recording is to record live as opposed to running everything through a computer. I want to feel that interplay between musicians. And I feel real strongly that Nashville is the place to make an album with real instruments.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nerites (mythology)", "paragraph_text": "In the other version, Nerites was loved by Poseidon and answered his feelings. From their mutual love arose Anteros (personification of reciprocated love). Poseidon also made Nerites his charioteer; the boy drove the chariot astonishingly fast, to the admiration of various sea creatures. Helios, for reasons unknown to Aelian's sources, changed Nerites into a shellfish. Aelian himself supposes that Helios might have wanted the boy for himself and was offended by his refusal. As in the first version, Nerea found her brother and successfully persuaded Poseidon to restore Nerites to his true shape.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Walkin' in the Rain with the One I Love", "paragraph_text": "``Walkin 'in the Rain with the One I Love ''Single by Love Unlimited from the album Love Unlimited B - side`` I Should Have Known'' Released March 1972 (1972) Genre R&B Length 4: 50 Label Uni Songwriter (s) Barry White Producer (s) Barry White Love Unlimited singles chronology ``Walkin' in the Rain with the One I Love ''(1972)`` Is It Really True Boy - Is It Really Me'' (1972) ``Walkin 'in the Rain with the One I Love ''(1972)`` Is It Really True Boy - Is It Really Me'' (1972)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Casper (film)", "paragraph_text": "Christina Ricci as Kathleen ``Kat ''Harvey, Dr. James Harvey's 13 - year - old daughter and Casper's love interest, who has lost her mother and wants to make a friend.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Some Girls (band)", "paragraph_text": "Some Girls (formed in 2001) is an American indie rock trio composed of Juliana Hatfield (guitar and vocals), Heidi Gluck (electric bass guitar, keyboard, harmonica, lap steel guitar, and vocals) and Freda Love Smith (drums and vocals). Hatfield and Love Smith knew each other from the Blake Babies and wanted to write songs together. The group's songs are generally melodic, upbeat, and lighthearted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Make You Feel My Love", "paragraph_text": "``Make You Feel My Love ''Single by Bob Dylan from the album Time Out of Mind Released September 30, 1997 Recorded January 1997 Genre Blues rock Length 3: 32 Label Columbia Songwriter (s) Bob Dylan Producer (s) Daniel Lanois", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Much Ado About Nothing", "paragraph_text": "In Much Ado About Nothing, there are many examples of deception and self - deception. The games and tricks played on people often have the best intentions -- to make people fall in love, to help someone get what they want, or to lead someone to realize their mistake. However, not all are meant well, such as when Don John convinces Claudio that Don Pedro wants Hero for himself, or when Borachio meets' Hero '(who is actually Margaret, pretending to be Hero) in Hero's bedroom window. These modes of deceit play into a complementary theme of emotional manipulation and the ease with which the characters' sentiments are redirected and their propensities exploited as a means to an end. The characters' feelings for each other are played as vehicles to reach an ultimate goal of engagement rather than seen as an end in themselves.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Costume Quest", "paragraph_text": "\"Costume Quest\"s development was led by Tasha Harris, Double Fine's lead animator and a former Pixar artist, with Tim Schafer providing support where needed, particularly in writing. The concept of the game was an idea that Harris had had prior to joining Double Fine, but never had a chance to expand on while at Pixar. She wanted the game to capture \"that nostalgic feeling of these kids playing dress-up\", and used old photographs of children in Halloween costumes to flesh out the game. Harris had mentioned the idea to Schafer, and Schafer chose her project as one of the four to be developed during the Amnesia Fortnights. Though Harris' original concept was not based on a role-playing game, she considers the game to have been influenced by older Nintendo games such as \"Dragon Quest\" and \"Final Fantasy\", and games that take place in a modern setting like \"EarthBound\" and \"Pokémon\". She also took cues from \"The Legend of Zelda\" series, where exploration would be paced through the acquisition of new items within the game. Harris stated that she wanted to \"make a game that was like the RPGs that [she] loved growing up, but make it modernized so it looks cool and people enjoy playing it now\" to take advantage of the growing popularity of titles available as downloadable content.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Princess Bride", "paragraph_text": "In a Renaissance - era world, a beautiful young woman named Buttercup lives on a farm in the country of Florin. She delights in verbally abusing the farm hand Westley, whom she addresses as ``farm boy '', by demanding that he perform chores for her. Westley's response to her demands is always`` As you wish.'' She eventually realizes that what he is really saying is, ``I love you. ''After Buttercup realizes, as well, that she truly and strongly loves him and confesses her strong romantic feelings, Westley leaves to seek his fortune so they can marry. Buttercup later receives word that the Dread Pirate Roberts, who is notorious for killing all those whose vessels he boards, attacked his ship at sea. Believing Westley dead, Buttercup sinks into abject despair, declaring,`` I will never love again.'' Some time later, she reluctantly agrees to marry Prince Humperdinck, heir to the throne of Florin, due to a law allowing the prince to choose any unmarried woman as his bride, though she makes it clear that she does not love him.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61228, "question": "who sang all i really want to do", "answer": "Bob Dylan", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 68076, "question": "when did #1 write to make you feel my love", "answer": "1997", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Samuel de Missy", "paragraph_text": "Samuel de Missy (Samuel, Pierre, Joseph, David, de Missy or Demissy, 30 October 1755 – 20 October 1820) was a French trader and businessman, from the city of La Rochelle, where he was born. He enriched himself by selling clothes to slaving expeditions setting off for islands such as Saint-Domingue, where La Rochelle \"armateurs\" owned plantations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Jeanne-Marie Marsan", "paragraph_text": "Jeanne-Marie Marsan, born Chapiseau (1746 – 25 February 1807), was a French dramatic actress and an opera singer, active in France and Germany in Europe, in the French West Indies and Louisiana. She was the leading actress and opera singer in Saint-Domingue (pre-revolutionary Haiti), and later in the first theatre in New Orleans in Louisiana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Islam by country", "paragraph_text": "The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "CHSJ-FM", "paragraph_text": "CHSJ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.1 FM in Saint John, New Brunswick. The station plays a country music format under the \"Country 94\" branding. CHSJ-FM is owned by Acadia Broadcasting, which also owns sister station CHWV-FM.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Battle of Cap-Français", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Cap-Français was a naval engagement during the Seven Years' War fought between French and British forces outside the harbour of Cap-Français, Saint-Domingue (present-day Cap-Haïtien, Haiti) on 21 October 1757.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "ZCMI Center Mall", "paragraph_text": "The ZCMI Center Mall was a shopping center near Temple Square in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States that was owned by Zions Securities Corporation (now Utah Property Management Associates), which opened in 1975 and closed in 2007. At the time of its opening, it was the largest downtown mall in the country. ZCMI stands for Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution, which refers to a department store owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the Church) that had locations in Utah and Idaho until it was sold to The May Department Stores Company. The ZCMI Center Mall, along with the affiliated Crossroads Plaza Mall, once constituted the largest shopping area in Salt Lake City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group", "paragraph_text": "Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group, commonly abbreviated as VNPT, is a telecommunications company, owned by the Vietnamese Government, and the national post office of Vietnam. According to a list of UNDP in 2007, it is the second-largest company in Vietnam, just after the Vietnam Bank for Agricultural and Rural Development. It owns Vinaphone, one of the three largest mobile network operators in Vietnam.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hungry Jack's", "paragraph_text": "Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd is the exclusive Australian master fast food franchise of Burger King Corporation. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin. Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King / Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia. As the master franchise for the country, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in that country. With over 390 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to Carrols Corporation).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sainte-Anne-de-Sorel", "paragraph_text": "Sainte-Anne-de-Sorel is a municipality in the Pierre-De Saurel Regional County Municipality, in the Montérégie region of Quebec. The community consists of a mainland section along with several islands extending into Lac Saint-Pierre. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 2,742, which makes it the largest municipality and the second largest urban division of the RCM.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Vincent Ogé", "paragraph_text": "Vincent Ogé (; c.1755 – 6 February 1791) was a wealthy free man of mixed-race descent who instigated a revolt against white colonial authority in French Saint-Domingue that lasted from October to December 1790 in the area outside Cap-Français, the colony's main city. The Ogé revolt of 1790 foretold the massive slave uprising of August 1791 that began the Haitian Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Lactalis", "paragraph_text": "Lactalis is a multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier SA. It is the largest dairy products group in the world, and is the second largest food products group in France, behind Danone. It owns brands such as Galbani, Société, Bridel, Parmalat, Président, Skånemejerier, Rachel's Organic, Valmont, and Stonyfield Farm.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Saint Paul, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital and second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2017, the city's estimated population was 309,180. Saint Paul is the county seat of Ramsey County, the smallest and most densely populated county in Minnesota. The city lies mostly on the east bank of the Mississippi River in the area surrounding its point of confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Minneapolis, the state's largest city. Known as the ``Twin Cities '', the two form the core of Minneapolis -- Saint Paul, the 16th - largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about 3.6 million residents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jean-Baptiste Belley", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Baptiste Belley (c. July 1746 – August 1805) was a native of Senegal and former slave from Saint-Domingue in the French West Indies who during the period of the French Revolution became a member of the National Convention and the Council of Five Hundred of France. He was also known as Mars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Nicolas-Joseph Thiéry de Menonville", "paragraph_text": "Nicolas-Joseph Thiéry de Menonville (Saint-Mihiel, France, 18 June 1739 – Port-au-Prince, Saint-Domingue, 1780), \"avocat\" at the \"Parlement of Paris\", was a French botanist who volunteered to be sent to Mexico in 1776 to steal the cochineal insect valued for its scarlet dye. In his clandestine bioprospecting piracy, he worked without official papers and would have been ruthlessly treated had he been caught. He succeeded in naturalizing the insect and the prickly pear (\"Opuntia\") \"nopal\" cactus on which it depended in the French colony of Saint-Domingue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Haiti", "paragraph_text": "The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain, which ruled until the early 17th century. Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France, which named it Saint-Domingue. Sugarcane plantations, worked by slaves brought from Africa, were established by colonists.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Saint Paul, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital and second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of 2016, the city's estimated population was 304,442. Saint Paul is the county seat of Ramsey County, the smallest and most densely populated county in Minnesota. The city lies mostly on the east bank of the Mississippi River in the area surrounding its point of confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Minneapolis, the state's largest city. Known as the ``Twin Cities '', the two form the core of Minneapolis -- Saint Paul, the 16th - largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about 3.52 million residents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Saint Petersburg", "paragraph_text": "Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт - Петербу́рг, tr. Sankt - Peterburg, IPA: (ˈsankt pjɪtjɪrˈburk) (listen)) is Russia's second - largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015). An important Russian port on the Baltic Sea, it has a status of a federal subject (a federal city).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "François Capois", "paragraph_text": "He was born in Port-de-Paix, Saint-Domingue on the island of Hispaniola, on the plantation of Laveaux/Lapointe. His name was a transformation of the name \"cappouet\", owner of the plantation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Saint-Côme–Linière, Quebec", "paragraph_text": "Saint-Côme–Linière is a municipality in the Beauce-Sartigan Regional County Municipality in the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. The official spelling given by the Commission de toponymie uses an en dash after \"Saint-Côme\", but the town's own website uses a second hyphen: Saint-Côme-Linière. The population is 3,282 as of 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "René-Eustache, marquis d'Osmond", "paragraph_text": "René-Eustache, marquis d'Osmond (17 December 1751, Saint-Domingue – 22 February 1838, Paris) was a nobleman who served in the French Army and as a diplomat during the Bourbon Restoration.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 160535, "question": "Which country owns Saint-Domingue?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 26878, "question": "What is the second largest library in #1 ?", "answer": "Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Second Verdict", "paragraph_text": "Second Verdict is a six-part BBC television series from 1976, of dramatised documentaries in which classic criminal cases and unsolved crimes from history were re-appraised by fictional police officers. In \"Second Verdict\", Stratford Johns and Frank Windsor reprised for a final time their double-act as Detective Chief Superintendents Barlow and Watt, hugely popular with TV audiences from the long-running series \"Z-Cars\", \"Softly, Softly\" and \"Barlow at Large\". \"Second Verdict\" built on the formula of their 1973 series \"Jack the Ripper\" in which dramatised documentary was drawn together with a discussion between the two police officers which formed the narrative. \"Second Verdict\" also allowed for some location filming and, when the case being re-appraised was within living memory, interviews with real witnesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Perry Mason", "paragraph_text": "Perry Mason is an American fictional character, a criminal defense lawyer who is the main character in works of detective fiction written by Erle Stanley Gardner. Perry Mason is featured in more than 80 novels and short stories, most of which involve a client's murder trial. Typically, Mason establishes his client's innocence (rather than a verdict of 'not guilty') by implicating another character, who then confesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Axel Foley", "paragraph_text": "Detective Axel Foley is a fictional character, portrayed by Eddie Murphy, and is the protagonist of the \"Beverly Hills Cop\" film series. He is ranked 55 on \"Empire\" magazine's list of \"The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time\". Sylvester Stallone was originally intended to be cast as Axel Foley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jean DeWolff", "paragraph_text": "Jean DeWolff is a fictional police detective appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She functions as a supporting character in particular titles featuring Spider-Man.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Poets and Murder", "paragraph_text": "Poets and Murder is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kevin Bernard", "paragraph_text": "Kevin Bernard is a fictional character on the TV crime drama \"Law & Order\", portrayed by Anthony Anderson. Bernard appears in his position as junior detective for part of the eighteenth season, as well as all of the nineteenth and twentieth seasons of the show.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Second Confession", "paragraph_text": "The Second Confession is a Nero Wolfe detective novel by Rex Stout, first published by the Viking Press in 1949. The story was also collected in other omnibus volumes, including \"Triple Zeck\" (Viking 1974). This is the second of three Nero Wolfe novels that involve crime boss Arnold Zeck – Wolfe's Moriarty. In this novel he telephones Wolfe to warn him off an investigation and retaliates when Wolfe refuses to cooperate. Though the crime is solved, the ending is left open.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Monique Jeffries", "paragraph_text": "Detective Monique Jeffries is a fictional character played by Michelle Hurd in the American crime drama television series \"\" on NBC. A regular character during the first season, Jeffries is a tough and street-wise detective with the New York City Police Department's Special Victims Unit, and briefly the partner of John Munch (Richard Belzer). After being traumatized by a near-death experience, Jeffries is relieved of active duty when she admits to having sex with a suspect in a previous rape case.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The Chinese Nail Murders", "paragraph_text": "The Chinese Nail Murders is a \"gong'an\" detective novel written by Robert van Gulik and set in Imperial China (roughly speaking the Tang Dynasty). It is a fiction based on the real character of Judge Dee (Ti Jen-chieh or Di Renjie), a magistrate and statesman of the Tang court, who lived roughly 630–700 BC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Great Detective", "paragraph_text": "\"The Great Detective\" was inspired by the exploits of John Wilson Murray, Canada's first government-appointed detective, set in the latter part of the Victorian era. The leading character, Inspector Alistair Cameron, was a fictional counterpart of Murray. Inspector Cameron was ably assisted by his friend, forensic scientist Dr. Chisholm. A taped series, \"The Great Detective\" was produced on location at Rockwood, Kleinburg and Shadow Lake in Ontario, as well as Victoria, areas of downtown Toronto and CBC's television Studio 7.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Philip Marlowe", "paragraph_text": "Philip Marlowe () is a fictional character created by Raymond Chandler. Marlowe first appeared under that name in \"The Big Sleep\", published in 1939. Chandler's early short stories, published in pulp magazines like \"Black Mask\" and \"Dime Detective\", featured similar characters with names like \"Carmady\" and \"John Dalmas\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Arthur Conan Doyle", "paragraph_text": "Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle, KStJ, DL (22 May 1859 -- 7 July 1930) was a British writer best known for his detective fiction featuring the character Sherlock Holmes. Originally a physician, in 1887 he published A Study in Scarlet, the first of four novels about Holmes and Dr. Watson. In addition, Doyle wrote over fifty short stories featuring the famous detective. The Sherlock Holmes stories are generally considered milestones in the field of crime fiction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Times", "paragraph_text": "Rex Stout's fictional detective Nero Wolfe is described as fond of solving the London Times' crossword puzzle at his New York home, in preference to those of American papers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Na'Toth", "paragraph_text": "Na'Toth is a fictional character in the universe of the science fiction television series \"Babylon 5\". Na'Toth is the aide to Narn Ambassador G'Kar, one of the main characters of the series. She appears mainly in the first and second seasons, with a final appearance in the fifth season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Dead and the Gone", "paragraph_text": "The Dead and the Gone is a young adult science fiction dystopian novel by Susan Beth Pfeffer. Released in hardcover in May 2008, it is the second book in The Last Survivors, following \"Life as We Knew It\" and preceding \"This World We Live In\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "C. Auguste Dupin", "paragraph_text": "C. Auguste Dupin is generally acknowledged as the first detective in fiction. The character served as the prototype for many that were created later, including Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle and Hercule Poirot by Agatha Christie. Conan Doyle once wrote, \"Each [of Poe's detective stories] is a root from which a whole literature has developed... Where was the detective story until Poe breathed the breath of life into it?\"Many tropes that would later become commonplace in detective fiction first appeared in Poe's stories: the eccentric but brilliant detective, the bumbling constabulary, the first-person narration by a close personal friend. Dupin also initiates the storytelling device where the detective announces his solution and then explains the reasoning leading up to it. Like Sherlock Holmes, Dupin uses his considerable deductive prowess and observation to solve crimes. Poe also portrays the police in an unsympathetic manner as a sort of foil to the detective.The character helped established the genre of detective fiction, distinct from mystery fiction, with an emphasis on the analysis and not trial-and-error. Brander Matthews wrote: \"The true detective story as Poe conceived it is not in the mystery itself, but rather in the successive steps whereby the analytic observer is enabled to solve the problem that might be dismissed as beyond human elucidation.\" In fact, in the three stories which star Dupin, Poe created three types of detective fiction which established a model for all future stories: the physical type (\"The Murders in the Rue Morgue\"), the mental (\"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt\"), and a balanced version of both (\"The Purloined Letter\").Fyodor Dostoevsky called Poe \"an enormously talented writer\" and favorably reviewed Poe's detective stories. The character Porfiry Petrovich in Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment was influenced by Dupin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Presbyterianism", "paragraph_text": "The Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) has adopted the Book of Confessions, which reflects the inclusion of other Reformed confessions in addition to the Westminster Standards. These other documents include ancient creedal statements (the Nicene Creed, the Apostles' Creed), 16th-century Reformed confessions (the Scots Confession, the Heidelberg Catechism, the Second Helvetic Confession), and 20th century documents (The Theological Declaration of Barmen, Confession of 1967 and A Brief Statement of Faith).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Blade II", "paragraph_text": "Blade II is a 2002 American superhero film based on the fictional character Blade from Marvel Comics. It is the sequel of the first film and the second part of the \"Blade\" film series, followed by \"\". It was written by David S. Goyer, who also wrote the previous film, directed by Guillermo del Toro, and had Wesley Snipes returning as the lead character and producer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Hard Freeze", "paragraph_text": "Hard Freeze is a 2002 novel by American writer Dan Simmons. It is the second of three hardboiled detective novels featuring the character of Joe Kurtz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Maigret Sets a Trap", "paragraph_text": "Maigret Sets a Trap (French: Maigret tend un piège) is a 1955 detective novel by the Belgian novelist Georges Simenon featuring his fictional character Jules Maigret.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 96453, "question": "The The Second Confession has what character?", "answer": "Nero Wolfe", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 11085, "question": "In what part of the world did the fictional detective, #1 , live in?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pavel Gusterin", "paragraph_text": "Pavel Gusterin is a graduate of the Tver State University (Department of History; 1994), the Institute of Asian and African Countries at the Moscow State University named after Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (Department of Arab Studies; 2001), and the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (Department of International relations; 2011).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Beat It On Down the Line", "paragraph_text": "Beat It Down the Line is a country - blues song written by Jesse Fuller and first recorded in 1961. The lyrics mention ``Joe Brown's Coal Mine '', which refer to Joseph E. Brown, four times governor of Georgia and president of the Dale Coal Company who ran numerous coal mines in the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Chioma Ajunwa", "paragraph_text": "Chioma Ajunwa - Opara, MON (born 25 December 1970) -- also known as Chioma Ajunwa -- is a Nigerian former athlete who specialised in the long jump. After various setbacks in her career she achieved fame when she became the first athlete in her country to win an Olympic gold medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, and to date remains Nigeria's only individual Olympic gold medalist. Chioma Ajunwa is the first black African woman to win an Olympic gold medal in a field event. Ajunwa is also an officer with the Nigerian Police Force.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Galia Sabar", "paragraph_text": "Galia Sabar (, born 1963, Israel) is the President of Ruppin Academic Center, one of Israel leading public colleges. Prior, she was a Professor of African Studies at Tel Aviv University and the Chair of African Studies at the Department of Middle Eastern and African History at Tel Aviv University, where she also served as the Coordinator of African Studies at the S. Daniel Abraham Center for International and Regional Studies. Sabar has published seven books and dozens of articles in professional journals. In addition to her academic research, Sabar has been a leading social activist in Israel mainly in relation to Ethiopian immigrants as well as in partnership with various NGOs assisting African labor migrants and asylum seekers. In May 2009, in recognition of her work combining academic rigor with social activism, Sabar received the Unsung Heroes of Compassion Award, sponsored by the international organization Wisdom in Action and delivered by the 14th Dalai Lama.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Biblical judges", "paragraph_text": "In the Hebrew Bible, Moses is described as a shofet over the Israelites and appoints others to whom cases were delegated in accordance with the advice of Jethro, his Midianite father - in - law. The Book of Judges mentions twelve leaders who judged Israel: Othniel, Ehud, Shamgar, Deborah, Gideon, Tola, Jair, Jephthah, Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, and Samson. The First Book of Samuel mentions Eli and Samuel, as well as Joel and Abiah (two sons of Samuel). The First Book of Chronicles mentions Kenaniah and his sons. The Second Book of Chronicles mentions Amariah and Zebadiah (son of Ishmael).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "Genetic studies have found significant African female-mediated gene flow in Arab communities in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries, with an average of 38% of maternal lineages in Yemen are of direct African descent, 16% in Oman-Qatar, and 10% in Saudi Arabia-United Arab Emirates.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alasdair Steele-Bodger", "paragraph_text": "Steele-Bodger was born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, the son of Harry Steele-Bodger, also a noted vet, and the elder brother of Micky Steele-Bodger, another vet and also England international rugby player. He was educated at Shrewsbury School before reading Natural Sciences at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and qualifying as a vet at the Royal (Dick) Veterinary School, University of Edinburgh. He practised as a Veterinary Surgeon in Lichfield from 1948 until 1977 and then for two years in Fordingbridge, Hampshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Joe Mensah", "paragraph_text": "Mensah played an essential role in the creation of the Ghana Musicians Union and served as its first president. While in the United States he studied music at the Juilliard School and founded a radio show on WKCR at Columbia University featuring African music, which continues today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "University of Pretoria Faculty of Veterinary Science", "paragraph_text": "The undergraduate veterinary programme has developed from the original 5 - year programme to a five - and - a-half year programme in the mid 1970s, 1980s and early 1990s. It was changed to a 6 - year programme in the late 1990s and to a split degree structure consisting of a 3 - year BSc (Veterinary Biology) degree and 4 - year BVSc degree in 2003. Since 2011, students who are already enrolled in the programme will need 3 years to complete the BSc (Veterinary Biology) degree and another 4 years for the 4 - year BVSc degree; a total of 7 years. Students who will be admitted to the new degree programme from 2011 onwards will need only 6 years to complete the programme. It should be noted, however, that the first 2 -- 3 cohorts of students in the new programme will also take 7 years to complete the programme due to transitional arrangements.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Haggai Erlich", "paragraph_text": "Haggai Erlich (born 1942) is professor emeritus at Tel Aviv University and an academic adviser at the Open University of Israel where he is the head of Middle Eastern History studies. He is the Landau Prize recipient for 2010 in African Studies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Odongo", "paragraph_text": "Odongo or Odongo Adventure on the African Frontier is a 1956 British Warwick Films CinemaScope African adventure drama film directed by John Gilling and starring Rhonda Fleming, Macdonald Carey and Juma. The screenplay concerns a white hunter who falls in love with a vet in Kenya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Flickan och kråkan", "paragraph_text": "Wiehe wrote the text inspired by an image by the Swedish cartoonist : Little girl rushes to vet with wounded crow\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Winona Cargile Alexander", "paragraph_text": "Winona Cargile Alexander (June 21, 1893 – October 16, 1984) was a founder of Delta Sigma Theta sorority, Incorporated at Howard University on January 13, 1913. It was the second sorority founded for and by African-American women and was influential in women's building civic institutions and charities. In 1915, she was the first black admitted to the New York School of Philanthropy (now Columbia University's School of Social Work), where she received a graduate fellowship for her studies. She was the first African-American hired as a social worker in New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Compared to neighbouring countries, Namibia has a large degree of media freedom. Over the past years, the country usually ranked in the upper quarter of the Press Freedom Index of Reporters without Borders, reaching position 21 in 2010, being on par with Canada and the best-positioned African country. The African Media Barometer shows similarly positive results.[citation needed] However, as in other countries, there is still mentionable influence of representatives of state and economy on media in Namibia. In 2009, Namibia dropped to position 36 on the Press Freedom Index. In 2013, it was 19th. In 2014 it ranked 22nd", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ababel Yeshaneh", "paragraph_text": "Ababel Yeshaneh Birhane (born 22 July 1991) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in track, road and cross country events. She represented her country in the 10,000 metres at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics, coming ninth, and ranked fifth in the world on time that year. She was a team silver medallist at the African Cross Country Championships in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Mackinnons", "paragraph_text": "The Mackinnons was a BBC Scotland drama series, which started in 1977. It starred Bill Simpson as the head of the Mackinnon family, a vet in the fictional Argyll town of Inverglen (the opening shot actually showed Inveraray).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kingdom of Butua", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Butua or Butwa (c. 1450 - 1683) was a pre-colonial African state located in what is now southwestern Zimbabwe. Butua was renowned as the source of gold for Arab and Portuguese traders. The region was first mentioned in Portuguese records in 1512.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Port Dalrymple School", "paragraph_text": "Port Dalrymple School is a school in George Town, Tasmania, Australia. The school has students from Kindergarten to Grade 12 and Vocational Education Training (VET).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159025, "question": "What African country is mentioned first?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 81191, "question": "how long do you study to be a vet in #1", "answer": "6 years", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[ "6 Years" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Đakovo Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "The Đakovo Cathedral or Cathedral basilica of St. Peter () is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Đakovo-Osijek in Đakovo, Croatia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Moscow)", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of the Holy Virgin Mary is a neo-Gothic Catholic Church at Moscow's center, that serves as the cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Moscow. Located in the Central Administrative Okrug, it is one of three Catholic churches in Moscow and the largest in Russia.The construction of the cathedral was approved in 1894 by the Ministry of Internal Affairs under Tsarist Russia. Groundbreaking was in 1899; construction work began in 1901 and was completed ten years later. Three-aisled and built from red brick, the cathedral is based on a design by architect Tomasz Bohdanowicz-Dworzecki. The style was influenced by Westminster Abbey and Milan Cathedral. With the help of funds from Catholic parishes in Russia and its neighbouring states, the church was consecrated as a chapel for Moscow's Polish parish in 1911. In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution in 1917, the Provisional Government was overthrown by the Bolsheviks and Russia eventually became part of the Soviet Union in 1922. Because the promotion of state atheism was a part of Marxist–Leninist ideology, the government ordered many churches closed; the cathedral was closed in 1938. During World War II, it was threatened with demolition, and was used after the war for civil purposes, as a warehouse and then a hostel. Following the fall of communism in 1991, it returned to being a church in 1996. In 2002 it was elevated to the status of cathedral. Following an extensive and costly programme of reconstruction and refurbishment, the cathedral was reconsecrated in 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ferns Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral Church of St Edan is a cathedral of the Church of Ireland in Ferns, County Wexford in Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Until 1949, the designation of the Cathedral was the Cathedral Church of St. Ædan, a variant spelling of Edan or Aidan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Bern", "paragraph_text": "It includes the entire Old Town, which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and many sites within and around it. Some of the most notable in the Old Town include the Cathedral which was started in 1421 and is the tallest cathedral in Switzerland, the Zytglogge and Käfigturm towers, which mark two successive expansions of the Old Town, and the Holy Ghost Church, which is one of the largest Swiss Reformed churches in Switzerland. Within the Old Town, there are eleven 16th century fountains, most attributed to Hans Gieng, that are on the list.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "American Watch Tool Company", "paragraph_text": "The American Watch Tool Company is a historic factory complex at 169 Elm Street in Waltham, Massachusetts. The company was founded in 1877 as a spin-off from the successful American Watch Company, and was used for the production of watchmaking tools until 1904. The four-building complex traces the evolutionary history of this business. The factory was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Christ Church Cathedral (Springfield, Massachusetts)", "paragraph_text": "Christ Church Cathedral is an Episcopal cathedral located in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States. It is the seat of the Diocese of Western Massachusetts. In 1974 the cathedral was included as a contributing property in the Quadrangle–Mattoon Street Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Jason Wiles", "paragraph_text": "Jason Austin Wiles (born April 25, 1970) is an American actor known for his role in the TV series \"Third Watch\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Savannah Haske", "paragraph_text": "Savannah Haske (born November 18, 1977) is an American television and film actor and writer. She is perhaps best known for her role in the television series Third Watch as Tatiana Deschenko.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mount Wudinna", "paragraph_text": "It is claimed to be the second largest monolith in Australia, Uluru being the largest, with Kokerbin Rock being the third largest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "Switzerland's most important economic sector is manufacturing. Manufacturing consists largely of the production of specialist chemicals, health and pharmaceutical goods, scientific and precision measuring instruments and musical instruments. The largest exported goods are chemicals (34% of exported goods), machines/electronics (20.9%), and precision instruments/watches (16.9%). Exported services amount to a third of exports. The service sector – especially banking and insurance, tourism, and international organisations – is another important industry for Switzerland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rick and Morty (season 3)", "paragraph_text": "Following the conclusion of the show's third season, Adult Swim has made a livestream marathon of Rick and Morty available to watch on its official website in select regions, hoping to dissuade viewers from watching other illegal livestreams. The third season will be released on DVD and Blu - ray on May 15, 2018, with special features including exclusive commentary and animatics for every episode, ``inside the episode '', the origins of Rick and Morty, and an exclusive`` inside the recording booth'' session. Uncensored versions of the season are also available to purchase on various digital platforms, including iTunes, Amazon and Microsoft Store. The digital release also includes commentary on every episode, as well as seven more short videos featuring co-creators Dan Harmon and Justin Roiland. The season is also available to watch on Netflix, in a number of countries outside the United States, including the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cathedral of Our Lady of the Rosary (Duluth, Minnesota)", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Rosary, also known simply as the Cathedral of Our Lady, is a Catholic cathedral located in Duluth, Minnesota, United States. It is the seat of the Diocese of Duluth. The present Italianate cathedral was completed in 1957 and replaced the former Sacred Heart Cathedral, which is now a music center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "St. Patrick's Cathedral (Manhattan)", "paragraph_text": "St. Patrick's Cathedral is the largest decorated Neo-Gothic - style Catholic cathedral in North America. The cathedral, which can accommodate 3,000 people, is built of brick clad in marble, quarried in Massachusetts and New York. The main block of the cathedral is made of Tuckahoe marble. It takes up a whole city block, between 50th and 51st streets, Madison Avenue and Fifth Avenue. At the transepts, it is 174 feet (53.0 meters) wide and 332 feet (101.2 meters) long. The spires rise 330 feet (100.6 meters) from street level. The slate for the roof came from Monson, Maine.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "American Idol premiered in June 2002 and became the surprise summer hit show of 2002. The first show drew 9.9 million viewers, giving Fox the best viewing figure for the 8.30 pm spot in over a year. The audience steadily grew, and by finale night, the audience had averaged 23 million, with more than 40 million watching some part of that show. That episode was placed third amongst all age groups, but more importantly it led in the 18–49 demographic, the age group most valued by advertisers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hagia Sophia", "paragraph_text": "Hagia Sophia (/ ˈhɑːɡiə soʊˈfiːə /; from the Greek: Αγία Σοφία, pronounced (aˈʝia soˈfia), ``Holy Wisdom ''; Latin: Sancta Sophia or Sancta Sapientia; Turkish: Ayasofya) was a Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal basilica (church), later an imperial mosque, and is now a museum (Ayasofya Müzesi) in Istanbul, Turkey. From the date of its construction in 537 AD, and until 1453, it served as an Eastern Orthodox cathedral and seat of the Patriarch of Constantinople, except between 1204 and 1261, when it was converted by the Fourth Crusaders to a Roman Catholic cathedral under the Latin Empire. The building was later converted into an Ottoman mosque from 29 May 1453 until 1931. It was then secularized and opened as a museum on 1 February 1935. Famous in particular for its massive dome, it is considered the epitome of Byzantine architecture and is said to have`` changed the history of architecture''. It remained the world's largest cathedral for nearly a thousand years, until Seville Cathedral was completed in 1520.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2007 Kentucky Derby", "paragraph_text": "The 2007 Kentucky Derby was the 133rd running of the Kentucky Derby. The race took place on May 5, 2007. The announced attendance was 156,635, the third largest in Derby history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Nativity Cathedral, Riga", "paragraph_text": "The Nativity of Christ Cathedral (, ), Riga, Latvia was built to a design by Nikolai Chagin and Robert Pflug in a Neo-Byzantine style between 1876 and 1883, with decorations made by the firm of August Volz, during the period when the country was part of the Russian Empire. It is the largest Orthodox cathedral in the Baltic provinces built with the blessing of the Russian Tsar Alexander II on the initiative of local governor-general Pyotr Bagration and bishop Veniamin Karelin. The Nativity of Christ Cathedral is renowned for its icons, some of which were painted by Vasili Vereshchagin. During the First World War German troops occupied Riga and turned its largest Russian Orthodox cathedral into a Lutheran church. In independent Latvia, the Nativity of Christ Cathedral once again became an Orthodox cathedral in 1921. Archbishop Jānis Pommers, a native Latvian, played a key part in the defence of the cathedral, including defence from the Latvian government which was extremely unfriendly to Orthodox Church in the first years of an independent Latvia. In the early 1960s, Soviet authorities closed down the cathedral and converted its building into a planetarium. The cathedral has been restored since Latvia regained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Albi Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Cecilia (French: \"Basilique Cathédrale Sainte-Cécile d'Albi\"), also known as Albi Cathedral, is the most important Catholic building in Albi, France and is the seat of the Catholic Archbishop of Albi. First built as a fortress in the aftermath of the Albigensian Crusade; begun in 1282 and under construction for 200 years, it is claimed to be the largest brick building in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Clonfert Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "Clonfert Cathedral is a cathedral of the Church of Ireland in Clonfert, County Galway in Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin. Previously the cathedral of the Diocese of Clonfert, it is now one of three cathedrals in the United Dioceses of Limerick and Killaloe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Cathedral Church of the Advent (Birmingham, Alabama)", "paragraph_text": "The Cathedral Church of the Advent in Birmingham, Alabama, is the mother church of the Episcopal Diocese of Alabama. On March 30, 1983, the structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Episcopal Church of the Advent.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137077, "question": "Which place is Third Watch in?", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 47237, "question": "what is the largest cathedral in #1", "answer": "St. Patrick's Cathedral", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "God Help the Girl (film)", "paragraph_text": "God Help the Girl is a 2014 British musical drama film written and directed by Stuart Murdoch of the band Belle and Sebastian. It follows three friends who form a band in Glasgow. It was preceded by an album of the same name released in 2009. It received mixed reviews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Wadjda", "paragraph_text": "Based in the 2000s, Wadjda, a spirited 10-year-old Saudi girl living in the capital Riyadh, dreams of owning a green bicycle that she passes in a store every day on her way to school. She wants to race against her friend Abdullah, a boy from the neighborhood, but riding bikes is frowned upon for girls and Wadjda's mother refuses to buy one for her daughter. The bike is expensive too, costing SR800.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "H2O: Just Add Water", "paragraph_text": "Rikki Chadwick, Emma Gilbert, and Cleo Sertori are three teenage Australian girls who find themselves stranded on the mysterious Mako Island, where they end up in a pool under a dormant volcano just as a full moon passes overhead, bathing the pool in light. The girls are rescued and brought back to shore, where they return to their normal lives, until discovering their lives have become anything but normal. The girls find out that ten seconds after coming into contact with water they transform into mermaids. After further experimentation, the girls also discover they have supernatural powers over water. The trio enlist the help of Cleo's friend Lewis McCartney to help them keep their secret.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles", "paragraph_text": "Terminator: The Sarah Connor Chronicles (sometimes abbreviated as Terminator: TSCC or simply TSCC) is an American science fiction television series that aired on Fox from January 2008 to April 2009. The show was produced by Warner Bros. Television, and C2 Pictures (C2 Pictures was replaced by The Halcyon Company in season two). It is a spin-off from the Terminator series of films. It revolves around the lives of the fictional characters Sarah and John Connor, following the events of Terminator 2: Judgment Day, and ignoring the events of the 2003 sequel Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines and the following installments. The series premiered on Sunday, January 13, 2008, on the U.S. television network Fox. Production for the series was provided by the Judgment Day and Rise of the Machines producers and C2 Pictures, Sony Pictures Entertainment (International) co-presidents Mario Kassar and Andrew G. Vajna, C2 Senior Vice President James Middleton, David Nutter and Josh Friedman, who not only served as executive producer but also wrote the script for the first two episodes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Fox & Friends", "paragraph_text": "Fox & Friends is a daily morning conservative news / talk program that airs on Fox News Channel, hosted by Steve Doocy, Brian Kilmeade, and Ainsley Earhardt.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ochocinco: The Ultimate Catch", "paragraph_text": "Ochocinco: The Ultimate Catch is an American reality television series airing on VH1 starring wide receiver Chad Ochocinco. The show places him with 85 women to choose from to find love. In the first episode of the show, he eliminated 69 girls. Rubi Pazmino was the winner of the show. Fellow NFL Wide Receivers, and Ochocinco's close friends, Bernard \"B-Twice\" Berrian and Terrell Owens appeared on some episodes offering tips and helping Ochocinco select the girls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Friends (season 1)", "paragraph_text": "Friends (season 1) Friends season 1 DVD cover Country of origin United States No. of episodes 24 Release Original network NBC Original release September 22, 1994 (1994 - 09 - 22) -- May 18, 1995 (1995 - 05 - 18) Season chronology Next → Season 2 List of Friends episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "New Girl (season 6)", "paragraph_text": "New Girl (season 6) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 22 Release Original network Fox Original release September 20, 2016 (2016 - 09 - 20) -- April 4, 2017 (2017 - 04 - 04) Season chronology ← Previous Season 5 List of New Girl episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Go Girls", "paragraph_text": "Go Girls is a New Zealand comedy-drama television series that was the subject of a US adaptation, whose first four seasons centered on four adult friends, three female and one male, living on Auckland's North Shore. In the fifth season it was the same premise, but this time centered on five adult friends, three female and two male. Dissatisfied with their lives, they make challenging promises to each other that they endeavour to fulfill throughout the series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tika Sumpter", "paragraph_text": "Tika Sumpter (born Euphemia L. Sumpter; June 20, 1980) is an American actress, producer, television host, and model. Sumpter began her career as host of the N network reality series, Best Friend's Date (2004 -- 2005), and in 2005 landed the role of Layla Williamson in the ABC daytime soap opera, One Life to Live where she starred regularly through 2010. In the same year, Sumpter made her movie debut in her leading female role in the musical drama Stomp the Yard: Homecoming. She later had recurring roles as Raina Thorpe in The CW teen drama Gossip Girl, and as Jenna Rice in the BET sitcom The Game.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "La liceale al mare con l'amica di papà", "paragraph_text": "La liceale al mare con l'amica di papà (\"High School Girl at the Beach with Dad's Friend\") is a 1980 commedia sexy all'italiana film directed by Marino Girolami and starring Renzo Montagnani. Although presented as the latest installment in the commercially successful \"Liceale\" series, the film despite its title and the token blonde high school girl character, has little to no resemblance to earlier films starring Gloria Guida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "New Girl (season 7)", "paragraph_text": "New Girl (season 7) Promotional poster Country of origin United States No. of episodes 8 Release Original network Fox Original release April 10 (2018 - 04 - 10) -- May 15, 2018 (2018 - 05 - 15) Season chronology ← Previous Season 6 List of New Girl episodes", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Powerpuff Girls", "paragraph_text": "The Powerpuff Girls is an American superhero animated television series created by animator Craig McCracken and produced by Hanna-Barbera (later Cartoon Network Studios) for Cartoon Network. The show centers on Blossom, Bubbles, and Buttercup, three kindergarten-aged girls with superpowers. The girls all live in the fictional city of Townsville, USA with their father and creator, a scientist named Professor Utonium, and are frequently called upon by the city's mayor to help fight nearby criminals and other enemies using their powers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Girl Stroke Boy", "paragraph_text": "Girl Stroke Boy is a 1971 British comedy-drama film directed by Bob Kellett and starring Joan Greenwood, Michael Hordern and Clive Francis. It was based on the play \"Girl Friend\" by David Percival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Spooky Little Girl", "paragraph_text": "\"Spooky Little Girl\" is the ninth episode of the of the television series \"American Horror Story\", which premiered on the network FX on November 30, 2011. The episode was written by Jennifer Salt and was directed by John Scott. This episode is rated TV-MA (LSV).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Streetsmartz", "paragraph_text": "Streetsmartz is an Australian television series. Streetsmartz is centred on the lives of a group of children, their friends and family who live in Fremantle, in Western Australia. Three series, with a total of 39 episodes, were screened in 2005 and 2006 on the Nine Network.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend", "paragraph_text": "``Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend ''is a jazz song introduced by Carol Channing in the original Broadway production of Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1949), which was written by Jule Styne and Leo Robin. It was based on a novel by Anita Loos.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Romance of a Movie Star", "paragraph_text": "The Romance of a Movie Star is a 1920 British silent romance film directed by Richard Garrick and starring Violet Hopson, Stewart Rome and Gregory Scott. It is based on the novel \"The World's Best Girl\" by Coralie Stanton. A film star risks her reputation to help out a friend.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "SoundGirl", "paragraph_text": "Beardshaw and Shortland were friends and school classmates in London that sang together before another girl from their neighbourhood, Redmond, joined them to form SoundGirl. A management company, Angelic Union, held auditions for a girl band project in a dance studio. The three girls went, wrote a song in ten minutes, and sang it for Angelic Union, who reportedly signed them on the spot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "ConnectU", "paragraph_text": "ConnectU (originally HarvardConnection) was a social networking website launched on May 21, 2004, that was founded by Harvard students Cameron Winklevoss, Tyler Winklevoss, and Divya Narendra in December 2002. Users could add people as friends, send them messages, and update their personal profiles to notify friends about themselves. Users were placed in networks based upon the domain name associated with the email address they used for registration.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161518, "question": "What network was TSCC on?", "answer": "Fox", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 43556, "question": "who is the girl on #1 and friends", "answer": "Ainsley Earhardt", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pembina River (Manitoba – North Dakota)", "paragraph_text": "The Pembina River is a tributary of the Red River of the North, approximately long, in southern Manitoba in Canada and northeastern North Dakota in the United States. It drains an area (about 8500 square kilometers) of the prairie country along the Canada–US border, threading the Manitoba-North Dakota border eastward to the Red River. Via the Red River, Lake Winnipeg and the Nelson River, it is part of the watershed of Hudson Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dornogovi Province", "paragraph_text": "Dornogovi (, \"East Gobi\") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. It is located in the southeast of the country, bordering PR China's autonomous region of Inner Mongolia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dorsa Barlow", "paragraph_text": "Dorsa Barlow is a wrinkle ridge system on the Moon, in Mare Tranquilitatis near the border with Mare Serenitatis, centered at . It is about 110 km long and was named after British crystallographer William Barlow in 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Pelham Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Pelham Country Club is a country club located on the border of Pelham Manor and New Rochelle in Westchester County, New York. The club hosted the PGA Championship in 1923, which Gene Sarazen won.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dorsum Nicol", "paragraph_text": "Dorsum Nicol is a wrinkle ridge on the Moon at in Mare Serenitatis near the border of Mare Tranquilitatis. It is 44 km long and was named after Scottish physicist William Nicol in 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Compact Muon Solenoid", "paragraph_text": "CMS is 21.6 metres long, 15 m in diameter, and weighs about 14,000 tonnes. Approximately 3,800 people, representing 199 scientific institutes and 43 countries, form the CMS collaboration who built and now operate the detector. It is located in an underground cavern at Cessy in France, just across the border from Geneva. In July 2012, along with ATLAS, CMS tentatively discovered the Higgs boson..", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Norway", "paragraph_text": "Norway has a total area of and a population of 5,312,300 (as of August 2018). The country shares a long eastern border with Sweden (1,619 km or 1,006 mi long). Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, and the Skagerrak strait to the south, with Denmark on the other side. Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. The maritime influence also dominates Norway's climate with mild lowland temperatures on the sea coasts, whereas the interior, while colder, also is a lot milder than areas elsewhere in the world on such northerly latitudes. Even during polar night in the north, temperatures above freezing are commonplace on the coastline. The maritime influence brings high rainfall and snowfall to some areas of the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Geography of Sweden", "paragraph_text": "Sweden is a country in Northern Europe on the Scandinavian Peninsula. It borders Norway to the west; Finland to the northeast; and the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Bothnia to the south and east. At , Sweden is the 55th largest country in the world. It is the fifth largest in Europe and the largest in Northern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Football for Friendship", "paragraph_text": "Football for Friendship (Russian: ФУТБОЛ ДЛЯ ДРУЖБЫ) is an annual International Children’s Social Programme implemented by Gazprom Company. The aim of the programme is to cultivate respect for different cultures and nationalities in children from different countries through football, to promote essential values and interest in a healthy lifestyle for the younger generation. Within the framework of the programme , football players at the age of 12 from different countries take part in the annual International Football for Friendship Childrens Forum, Football for Friendship World Championship, International Day of Football and Friendship The programme is supported by FIFA, UEFA, UN, Olympic and Paralympic Committees, governments and football federations of different countries, international charities, public organizations, leading football clubs of the planet. The global operator of the programme is AGT Communications Group (Russia).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Supporters Range", "paragraph_text": "The Supporters Range () is a rugged range of mountains in Antarctica, 40 km long, bordering the eastern side of Mill Glacier, from Keltie Glacier in the north to Mill Stream Glacier in the south.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Grace VanderWaal", "paragraph_text": "On the June 7, 2016, broadcast during the eleventh season of NBC's AGT, VanderWaal auditioned with her original song, ``I Do n't Know My Name '', and was Howie Mandel's`` golden buzzer'' act. Simon Cowell called VanderWaal ``the next Taylor Swift. ''Brittany Spanos in Rolling Stone magazine termed the song an`` emotional, catchy, quirky tune''. VanderWaal continued to perform only original songs on the show, including her next performance at the quarterfinals on August 23, 2016, titled ``Beautiful Thing '', a song written for her sister; USA Today characterized VanderWaal's voice as`` endearingly croaky''. Others have called it ``raspy ''and`` timelessly soulful''. For the semifinals on August 30, she performed ``Light the Sky '', and for the September 13 finals, she sang`` Clay'', a song about dealing with bullies. Lindsay Peoples wrote for New York Magazine: ``The songs she wrote and performed on AGT were not only catchy but emotional and unique to her own sound, a mix of raw and folk ''. AGT's video of VanderWaal's audition has accumulated more than 70 million views. It was ranked as the No. 5 trending YouTube video of 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dorsum Arduino", "paragraph_text": "Dorsum Arduino is a wrinkle-ridge at in the border region between Oceanus Procellarum and Mare Imbrium on the Moon. It is 100 km long and was named after Italian geologist Giovanni Arduino in 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Manitoba Highway 89", "paragraph_text": "Provincial Trunk Highway 89 (PTH 89) is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Manitoba. The entire road lies within the Rural Municipality of Piney and is long. It runs from PTH 12 south to Piney and the U.S. border. South of the border it becomes Minnesota State Highway 89.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "The most common way for travellers to enter the country seems to be by air. According to the website Lonely Planet, getting into Myanmar is problematic: \"No bus or train service connects Myanmar with another country, nor can you travel by car or motorcycle across the border – you must walk across.\", and states that, \"It is not possible for foreigners to go to/from Myanmar by sea or river.\" There are a small number of border crossings that allow the passage of private vehicles, such as the border between Ruili (China) to Mu-se, the border between Htee Kee (Myanmar) and Ban Phu Nam Ron (Thailand) (the most direct border between Dawei and Kanchanaburi), and the border between Myawaddy (Myanmar) and Mae Sot (Thailand). At least one tourist company has successfully run commercial overland routes through these borders since 2013. \"From Mae Sai (Thailand) you can cross to Tachileik, but can only go as far as Kengtung. Those in Thailand on a visa run can cross to Kawthaung but cannot venture farther into Myanmar.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cascade Falls (Kettle River)", "paragraph_text": "Cascade Falls is a waterfall on the Kettle River in the Boundary Country of the Southern Interior of British Columbia. They are located just south of Christina Lake and just north of the Canada–United States border in a gorge 200-300 yards long and just below the railway bridge over the Kettle by the southern mainline of the Canadian Pacific Railway. The ghost town of Cascade City aka Cascade is nearby and was named for the falls, even though they were not officially named until 1977.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Geography of Turkey", "paragraph_text": "Turkey is situated in Anatolia (97%) and the Balkans (3%), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria. The geographic coordinates of the country lie at: 39°00′N 35°00′E", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Morris Lake (Nova Scotia)", "paragraph_text": "Morris Lake is a long shallow lake in Nova Scotia's Halifax Regional Municipality bordering the communities of Dartmouth, Shearwater and Cole Harbour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Danube", "paragraph_text": "The Danube was once a long-standing frontier of the Roman Empire, and today flows through 10 countries, more than any other river in the world. Originating in Germany, the Danube flows southeast for , passing through or bordering Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Moldova and Ukraine before draining into the Black Sea. Its drainage basin extends into nine more countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Đức Huệ District", "paragraph_text": "Đức Huệ is a rural district of Long An Province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It has a western border with Cambodia; a southwest border with Thạnh Hóa District; an eastern border with Đức Hòa District; and a south and southeast border with Thủ Thừa District and Bến Lức District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Zacuscă", "paragraph_text": "Zacuscă () is a vegetable spread popular in Romania. Similar spreads are found in other countries throughout, or bordering, the Balkans.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161098, "question": "AGT is from what country?", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 158690, "question": "How long is the border with #1 ?", "answer": "6,846 kilometres", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Paraguay", "paragraph_text": "Paraguay (; ; , ), officially the Republic of Paraguay (; ), is a country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to the east and northeast, and Bolivia to the northwest. Although it is one of only two landlocked countries in South America (the other is Bolivia), the country has coasts, beaches and ports on the Paraguay and Paraná rivers that give exit to the Atlantic Ocean through the . Due to its central location in South America, it is sometimes referred to as \"Corazón de Sudamérica\" (\"Heart of South America\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "A Horse with No Name", "paragraph_text": "``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in early 1972 in the USA, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Central African Republic", "paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Peru", "paragraph_text": "Peru ( (listen); Spanish: Perú [peˈɾu]; Quechua: Piruw Republika [pʰɪɾʊw]; Aymara: Piruw Suyu [pɪɾʊw]), officially the Republic of Peru (Spanish: República del Perú ), is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a megadiverse country with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west to the peaks of the Andes mountains vertically extending from the north to the southeast of the country to the tropical Amazon Basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon river.Peruvian territory was home to several ancient cultures. Ranging from the Norte Chico civilization in the 32nd century BC, the oldest civilization in the Americas and one of the five cradles of civilization, to the Inca Empire, the largest state in pre-Columbian America, the territory now including Peru has one of the longest histories of civilization of any country, tracing its heritage back to the 4th millennia BCE.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ahmed al-Ghamdi", "paragraph_text": "Ghamdi was born in Saudi Arabia in 1979. He dropped out of school to fight in Chechnya and was probably sent to train in al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan where he would be chosen by Osama bin Laden to participate in the terrorist attacks in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Emperatriz (Mexican TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Shortly after the grand final episode ended, \"Emperatriz\" quickly became a trending topic (Mexico) in Twitter. In 30 minutes time, it reached the fourth spot, from the eighth.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Latin America", "paragraph_text": "Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America. The term originated in the Napoleon III French government in the mid-19th century as Amérique latine to consider French - speaking territories in the Americas, (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish - speaking portions of the United States (the Southwest and Florida.) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico and Miami) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Fate/unlimited codes", "paragraph_text": "Fate/unlimited codes is a fighting game planned by Cavia, developed by Eighting, and published by Capcom. It was released in Japan for arcades on June 11, 2008, and for the PlayStation 2 on December 18, 2008. An enhanced port was released for the PlayStation Portable in Japan on June 18, 2009, and was subsequently released digitally on the PlayStation Store in North America and Europe on September 3 and 10, 2009, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Panmunjom", "paragraph_text": "A final armistice agreement was reached on July 27, 1953. The United Nations Command, Chinese Peoples Liberation Army, and North Korea Peoples Army agreed to an armistice ending the fighting. The agreement established a 4-kilometer-wide demilitarized zone along the armistice line, effectively dividing Korea into two separate countries. Although most troops and all heavy weapons were to be removed from the area, it has been heavily armed by both sides since the end of the fighting.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "World Heritage Sites by country", "paragraph_text": "As of July 2017, there are a total of 1,073 World Heritage Sites located in 167 ``States Parties ''Of the 1,073 sites, 832 are cultural, 206 are natural and 35 are mixed properties. The countries have been divided by the World Heritage Committee into five geographic zones: Africa, Arab States, Asia and the Pacific, Europe and North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean. The country with the most number of sites (including sites shared with other countries) is Italy, with 53 entries. The country with the most number of sites by itself alone (excluding sites shared with other countries) is China, with 51 entries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "No Charge", "paragraph_text": "``No Charge '''is a country music song, written by songwriter Harlan Howard. It was made famous in North America by country singer Melba Montgomery, whose 1974 version was a # 1 country hit in both the US and Canada, as well as making # 39 on the US pop charts. In the UK, the song is associated with J.J. Barrie, whose 1976 cover was a # 1 UK hit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gun Fight", "paragraph_text": "Gun Fight, known as Western Gun in Japan and Europe, is a 1975 arcade shooter game designed by Tomohiro Nishikado, and released by Taito in Japan and Europe and by Midway in North America. It was the first video game to depict human-to-human combat, while the Midway version was also the first video game to use a microprocessor. Following its November 1975 release in North America, it went on to sell over 8,000 arcade cabinets in the United States. It was ported to the Bally Astrocade video game console as a built-in game in 1977 as well as several home computer platforms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Supremacy MMA", "paragraph_text": "Supremacy MMA is a mixed martial arts–style fighting video game developed by Kung Fu Factory and published by 505 Games. The game was released on September 20, 2011 in North America, September 23 in Europe, and September 29 in Australia for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 game consoles. It was also ported to the PlayStation Vita on March 27, 2012 in North America, and May 11 in Europe, under the title \"Supremacy MMA: Unrestricted\", with several exclusive venues, 2 exclusive fighters and both of the Pre-order DLC fighters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Café, con aroma de mujer", "paragraph_text": "Café, con aroma de mujer (\"Coffee, with the scent of a woman\") is a 1994 Colombian telenovela, produced by then programming company RCN TV on state-owned Canal A. It was written and created by Fernando Gaitán. It was broadcast in several countries throughout Latin America, North America and Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "A Horse with No Name", "paragraph_text": "``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the soft rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late - 1971 in Europe and early - 1972 in the US, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of islands by area", "paragraph_text": "Rank Landmass Area (km) Area (sq mi) Country or countries Afro - Eurasia 85,000,000 33,000,000 Various Americas 42,300,000 16,300,000 Various Antarctica 14,000,000 5,400,000 None (various countries have territorial claims) Australia 7,600,000 2,900,000 Australia", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Everybody Loves Raymond characters", "paragraph_text": "Marco Fogagnolo (6 episodes; played by David Proval) -- The intimidating and threatening Italian father of Stefania, who takes over Nemo's Pizza after the family moves to America, jokingly implying that he ``did away with ''Nemo. Although he dislikes Robert, he befriends Frank and Marie but the two end up fighting for his friendship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "A Horse with No Name", "paragraph_text": "``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late - 1971 in Europe and early - 1972 in the US, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "A Horse with No Name", "paragraph_text": "``A Horse with No Name ''is a song written by Dewey Bunnell, and originally recorded by the folk rock band America. It was the band's first and most successful single, released in late 1971 in Europe and early 1972 in the USA, and topped the charts in several countries. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Brazil", "paragraph_text": "Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107223, "question": "Which was the country for Emperatriz?", "answer": "Mexico", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 19132, "question": "What war did America and #1 fight in?", "answer": "Mexican–American War", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kagoshima Prefectural Government Building", "paragraph_text": "The is a skyscraper located in Kagoshima, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 93-metre, 18-storey skyscraper was finished in 1996.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shibuya Hikarie", "paragraph_text": "The is a Tokyu skyscraper and retail complex completed in 2012 and located in the Shibuya shopping district of Tokyo, Japan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Battle of Kápolna", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Kápolna was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on 26 and 27 February 1849. The battle ended with Austrian victory and influenced the politics of central Europe: Franz Joseph I announced the March Constitution of Austria on 4 March 1849.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Chopin made his last public appearance on a concert platform at London's Guildhall on 16 November 1848, when, in a final patriotic gesture, he played for the benefit of Polish refugees. By this time he was very seriously ill, weighing under 99 pounds (i.e. less than 45 kg), and his doctors were aware that his sickness was at a terminal stage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Porte Kanazawa", "paragraph_text": "The is a skyscraper located in Kanazawa, Isikawa Prefecture, Japan. Construction of the 131-metre, 30-story skyscraper was finished in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "July Monarchy", "paragraph_text": "The July Monarchy () was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting with the July Revolution of 1830 and ending with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the House of Bourbon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "German revolutions of 1848–49", "paragraph_text": "Activism for liberal reforms spread through many of the German states, each of which had distinct revolutions. They were also inspired by the street demonstrations of workers and artisans led in Paris, France, from February 22 through 24, 1848, which resulted in the abdication by King Louis-Philippe of France and his exile in Britain. In France the revolution of 1848 became known as the February Revolution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "In the dense areas, most of the concentration is via medium- and high-rise buildings. London's skyscrapers such as 30 St Mary Axe, Tower 42, the Broadgate Tower and One Canada Square are mostly in the two financial districts, the City of London and Canary Wharf. High-rise development is restricted at certain sites if it would obstruct protected views of St Paul's Cathedral and other historic buildings. Nevertheless, there are a number of very tall skyscrapers in central London (see Tall buildings in London), including the 95-storey Shard London Bridge, the tallest building in the European Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Jean-Jacques Pillot", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Jacques Pillot (9 August 1808 – 13 June 1877) was a French revolutionary and republican communist. He participated in the Revolution of 1848 and in the Paris Commune of 1871.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European continent. Described as a revolutionary wave, the period of unrest began in France and then, further propelled by the French Revolution of 1848, soon spread to the rest of Europe. Although most of the revolutions were quickly put down, there was a significant amount of violence in many areas, with tens of thousands of people tortured and killed. While the immediate political effects of the revolutions were reversed, the long-term reverberations of the events were far-reaching.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "In October 1810, six months after Fryderyk's birth, the family moved to Warsaw, where his father acquired a post teaching French at the Warsaw Lyceum, then housed in the Saxon Palace. Fryderyk lived with his family in the Palace grounds. The father played the flute and violin; the mother played the piano and gave lessons to boys in the boarding house that the Chopins kept. Chopin was of slight build, and even in early childhood was prone to illnesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Karl von Reyher", "paragraph_text": "Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Reyher (from 1828 von Reyher) (21 June 1786, in Groß Schönebeck – 7 October 1857, in Berlin) was a Prussian officer who served as Prussian Minister of War in the government of Gottfried Ludolf Camphausen during the Revolution of 1848. After 1848 he also served as Prussian chief of staff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses. This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister. Stirling also made all the logistical arrangements and provided much of the necessary funding.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Storm (short story)", "paragraph_text": "``The Storm ''is a short story written by the American writer Kate Chopin in 1898. The story takes place during the 19th century somewhere in the South, where storms are frequent and dangerous. It did not appear in print in Chopin's lifetime, but it was published in The Complete Works of Kate Chopin in 1969. This story is the sequel to Chopin's`` At the 'Cadian Ball''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Piazza Duca d'Aosta", "paragraph_text": "The Piazza Duca d'Aosta is a large and busy square in Milan, Italy, where Milan's Central Station, the Pirelli Tower and the city's business district is located. It is well known for containing the architecturally impressive and majestic Milan Central Station, several skyscrapers (including the Pirelli Tower) and exclusive hotels, such as the Excelsior Hotel Gallia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "French Second Republic", "paragraph_text": "French Republic République française 1848 -- 1852 Flag Great Seal Motto Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité ``Liberty, Equality, Fraternity ''Anthem Le Chant des Girondins`` The Song of Girondists'' Map of the French Second Republic Capital Paris Languages French Religion Roman Catholicism Calvinism Lutheranism Judaism Government Semi-presidential republic (1848 - 1851) Presidential republic (1851 - 1852) President 1848 -- 1852 Louis - Napoléon Bonaparte Prime Minister 1848 Jacques - Charles Dupont (first) 1851 Léon Faucher (last) Legislature National Assembly History French Revolution 23 February 1848 Abolition of slavery 27 April 1848 Constitution adopted 4 November 1848 Coup of 1851 2 December 1851 Empire reestablished 2 December 1852 Currency French Franc Preceded by Succeeded by July Monarchy Second French Empire Today part of France", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Frédéric Chopin", "paragraph_text": "Although this period had been productive, the bad weather had such a detrimental effect on Chopin's health that Sand determined to leave the island. To avoid further customs duties, Sand sold the piano to a local French couple, the Canuts.[n 8] The group traveled first to Barcelona, then to Marseilles, where they stayed for a few months while Chopin convalesced. In May 1839 they headed for the summer to Sand's estate at Nohant, where they spent most summers until 1846. In autumn they returned to Paris, where Chopin's apartment at 5 rue Tronchet was close to Sand's rented accommodation at the rue Pigalle. He frequently visited Sand in the evenings, but both retained some independence. In 1842 he and Sand moved to the Square d'Orléans, living in adjacent buildings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Red", "paragraph_text": "Karl Marx published the Communist Manifesto in February 1848, with little attention. However, a few days later the French Revolution of 1848 broke out, which replaced the monarchy of Louis Philippe with the Second French Republic. In June 1848, Paris workers, disenchanted with the new government, built barricades and raised red flags. The new government called in the French Army to put down the uprising, the first of many such confrontations between the army and the new worker's movements in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Athanase Laurent Charles Coquerel", "paragraph_text": "Athanase Laurent Charles Coquerel (7 August 17951868) was a French Protestant theologian, born in Paris, elected deputy of the Constituent Assembly after the revolution of February 1848.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Frías, Santiago del Estero", "paragraph_text": "Frías is a city in Argentina, located southwest of the province of Santiago del Estero, near the border with the province of Catamarca, and is the head of the Choya Department. It is located on the banks of the river Albigasta at coordinates: 28 ° 38'60 \"S 65 ° 09'05\" W.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 661, "question": "Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 26316, "question": "Most of #1 's skyscrapers are located where?", "answer": "in the two financial districts", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Avicenna", "paragraph_text": "In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some 25 km (16 mi) north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him.[year needed] On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Azinhaga", "paragraph_text": "Azinhaga () is a village and a civil parish in the municipality of Golegã, located in Ribatejo, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 1,620, in an area of 38.21 km². It was the birthplace of the Nobel Prize-winning author José Saramago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi", "paragraph_text": "Knowing an attack by the militants is imminent, the CIA staff of the Annex makes several desperate calls for help. The only help they can get is from Glen \"Bub\" Doherty, a GRS officer in Tripoli, who forms a team including two Delta operators that fly to Benghazi after several delays. Meanwhile, the GRS team fends off the militants as they try to breach the Annex perimeter. After repelling the largest attack wave, the Annex receives word from ISR that help is en route.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Stevensville, Ontario", "paragraph_text": "Stevensville is a small community in southern Ontario, Canada in the town of Fort Erie, most notable as the birthplace of Canadian entrepreneur James L. Kraft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mangalwedha", "paragraph_text": "Mangalwedha is a town with municipal council in Solapur district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the birthplace of Shri Jayatirtha also called as Teekacharya, one of the prominent saints of the Dvaita school of Vedanta.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Buchanan's Birthplace State Park", "paragraph_text": "Buchanan's Birthplace State Park is an Pennsylvania state park near Cove Gap, in Peters Township, Franklin County, Pennsylvania in the United States. The park is on Pennsylvania Route 16 along Tuscarora Mountain. Buchanan's Birthplace State Park was created from land donated to the state by Harriet Lane in honor of her uncle, the 15th President of the United States, James Buchanan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sazhdenik", "paragraph_text": "Sazhdenik is a village in Kyustendil Municipality, Kyustendil Province, south-western Bulgaria. It is the birthplace of Czech politician Vaclav Klaus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Company rule in India", "paragraph_text": "The expansion of the Company's power chiefly took two forms. The first of these was the outright annexation of Indian states and subsequent direct governance of the underlying regions, which collectively came to comprise British India. The annexed regions included the North - Western Provinces (comprising Rohilkhand, Gorakhpur, and the Doab) (1801), Delhi (1803), Assam (Ahom Kingdom 1828), and Sindh (1843). Punjab, North - West Frontier Province, and Kashmir, were annexed after the Anglo - Sikh Wars in 1849 -- 56 (Period of tenure of Marquess of Dalhousie Governor General); however, Kashmir was immediately sold under the Treaty of Amritsar (1850) to the Dogra Dynasty of Jammu, and thereby became a princely state. In 1854 Berar was annexed, and the state of Oudh two years later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Third Anglo-Burmese War", "paragraph_text": "Burma was annexed by the British on January 1, 1886. Critics of the war consider the timing of the annexation to be strong proof of what the British motives really were. But the annexation was only the beginning of an insurgency which would last until 1896.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Yellou", "paragraph_text": "Yellou is a village in the Kayao Department of Bazèga Province in central Burkina Faso. The village has a population of 615. It is the birthplace of former president of Niger Daouda Malam Wanké.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jazz in the Space Age", "paragraph_text": "Jazz in the Space Age is an album by George Russell originally released on Decca in 1960. The album contains tracks conducted and arranged by Russell performed by Ernie Royal, Bob Brookmeyer, Frank Rehak, Al Kiger, Marky Markowitz, David Baker, Jimmy Buffington, Hal McKusick, Dave Young, Sol Schlinger, Bill Evans, Paul Bley, Barry Galbraith, Howard Collins, Milt Hinton, Don Lamond and Charlie Persip.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Wheeler-Minot Farmhouse", "paragraph_text": "The Wheeler-Minot Farmhouse, also known as the Thoreau Farm or the Henry David Thoreau Birthplace, is a historic house at 341 Virginia Road in Concord, Massachusetts, United States. It is significant as the birthplace of writer Henry David Thoreau. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. It currently serves as a museum and is open to the public.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Shakespeare's Birthplace", "paragraph_text": "Shakespeare's Birthplace is a restored 16th-century half-timbered house situated in Henley Street, Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England, where it is believed that William Shakespeare was born in 1564 and spent his childhood years. It is now a small museum open to the public and a popular visitor attraction, owned and managed by the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. It has been referred to as \"a mecca for all lovers of literature\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Roark, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Roark is an unincorporated community located in Leslie County, Kentucky, United States. Main schools, Redbird Christian, Leslie, Stinnet Elementary, and Moutian View elementary. It is the birthplace of the Osborne Brothers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Japanese colonial empire", "paragraph_text": "Korea was occupied and declared a Japanese protectorate following the Japan -- Korea Treaty of 1905, and officially annexed in 1910 through the annexation treaty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kingsgate, Kirkland, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Kingsgate is a neighborhood of Kirkland, Washington, United States. It was annexed by Kirkland on June 1, 2011. Prior to the annexation, Kingsgate was a census-designated place (CDP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Shirley, Maine", "paragraph_text": "Shirley is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The town was named after Shirley, Massachusetts. The population was 233 at the 2010 census. It was the birthplace of humorist Bill Nye.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Chimpay", "paragraph_text": "Chimpay is a village and municipality in Río Negro Province in Argentina. The village is the birthplace of the blessed Ceferino Namuncurá.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Miep Gies", "paragraph_text": "Hermine \"Miep\" Gies (née Santruschitz; 15 February 1909 – 11 January 2010) (), was one of the Dutch citizens who hid Anne Frank, her family (Otto Frank, Margot Frank, Edith Frank-Holländer) and four other Jews (Fritz Pfeffer, Hermann van Pels, Auguste van Pels, Peter van Pels) from the Nazis in an annex above Otto Frank's business premises during World War II. She was Austrian by birth, but in 1920, at the age of eleven, she was taken in as a foster child by a Dutch family to whom she became very attached. Although she was initially only to stay for six months, this stay was extended to one year because of frail health, after which Gies chose to remain with them, living the rest of her life in the Netherlands. She died in 2010 at 100 years of age.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Passaic: Birthplace of Television and the DuMont Story", "paragraph_text": "Passaic: Birthplace of Television and the DuMont Story is a television play which aired on the DuMont Television Network on November 14, 1951.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144391, "question": "What is Frank Rehak's birthplace?", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 38387, "question": "When did #1 annex Morrisania?", "answer": "1873", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "The Supreme Commander is, apart from the honorary ranks held by the King of Sweden and in the past other members of the Swedish Royal Family, by unwritten convention normally the only professional military officer on active duty to hold the highest rank (a four-star General or Admiral). An exception was made 2009-2014 when Håkan Syrén was chairman of the European Union Military Committee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Birghorn", "paragraph_text": "The Birghorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. It lies on the range connecting the Lötschen Pass from the Tschingelhorn, separating the upper Gasterntal (Bernese Oberland) from the Lötschental (Valais).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2007 enlargement of the European Union", "paragraph_text": "The 2007 enlargement of the European Union saw Bulgaria and Romania join the European Union (EU) on 1 January 2007. Together with the 2004 enlargement of the European Union, it is considered part of the fifth wave of enlargement of the European Union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Hockenhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Hockenhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Valais. Its summit is 3,293 metres high and lies between the upper Kandertal and the Lötschental. On its southern (Valais) side lies a glacier named \"Milibachgletscher\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pic d'Artsinol", "paragraph_text": "Pic d'Artsinol (also Pic d'Arzinol) is a mountain of the Pennine Alps, located west of Evolène in the canton of Valais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "Between 2005 and 2011, Greece has had the highest percentage increase in industrial output compared to 2005 levels out of all European Union members, with an increase of 6%. Eurostat statistics show that the industrial sector was hit by the Greek financial crisis throughout 2009 and 2010, with domestic output decreasing by 5.8% and industrial production in general by 13.4%. Currently, Greece is ranked third in the European Union in the production of marble (over 920,000 tons), after Italy and Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "European Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Frilihorn", "paragraph_text": "The Frilihorn is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located between the Val d'Anniviers and the Turtmanntal in the canton of Valais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights. It was not envisaged for European Union measures, that is legislative and administrative actions by European Union institutions, to be subject to human rights. At the time the only concern was that member states should be prevented from violating human rights, hence the establishment of the European Convention on Human Rights in 1950 and the establishment of the European Court of Human Rights. The European Court of Justice recognised fundamental rights as general principle of European Union law as the need to ensure that European Union measures are compatible with the human rights enshrined in member states' constitution became ever more apparent. In 1999 the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights, which could form the constitutional basis for the European Union and as such tailored specifically to apply to the European Union and its institutions. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union draws a list of fundamental rights from the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the Declaration on Fundamental Rights produced by the European Parliament in 1989 and European Union Treaties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cyprus", "paragraph_text": "According to the latest International Monetary Fund estimates, its per capita GDP (adjusted for purchasing power) at $30,769 is just above the average of the European Union.[citation needed] Cyprus has been sought as a base for several offshore businesses for its low tax rates. Tourism, financial services and shipping are significant parts of the economy. Economic policy of the Cyprus government has focused on meeting the criteria for admission to the European Union. The Cypriot government adopted the euro as the national currency on 1 January 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pointe de l'Au", "paragraph_text": "The Pointe de l'Au is a mountain of the Swiss Chablais Alps, located north of Champéry in the canton of Valais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Between 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energy economies, entrepreneurship, administrative capability, education, information society, environment protection, regional and local development, research and development activities, healthcare and welfare, transportation and labour market.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "In 1986, Portugal joined the European Economic Community (EEC) that later became the European Union (EU). In the following years Portugal's economy progressed considerably as a result of EEC/EU structural and cohesion funds and Portuguese companies' easier access to foreign markets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alps", "paragraph_text": "The severe weather in the Alps has been studied since the 18th century; particularly the weather patterns such as the seasonal foehn wind. Numerous weather stations were placed in the mountains early in the early 20th century, providing continuous data for climatologists. Some of the valleys are quite arid such as the Aosta valley in Italy, the Maurienne in France, the Valais in Switzerland, and northern Tyrol.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tsa de l'Ano", "paragraph_text": "The Tsa de l'Ano is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located east of Les Haudères in the canton of Valais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "In 1999, Estonia experienced its worst year economically since it regained independence in 1991, largely because of the impact of the 1998 Russian financial crisis.[citation needed] Estonia joined the WTO in November 1999. With assistance from the European Union, the World Bank and the Nordic Investment Bank, Estonia completed most of its preparations for European Union membership by the end of 2002 and now has one of the strongest economies of the new member states of the European Union.[citation needed] Estonia joined the OECD in 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Saint-Pierre-de-Clages", "paragraph_text": "Saint-Pierre-de-Clages is a village in Switzerland. It is located in the French speaking part of The Valais in the municipality of Chamoson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Täsch", "paragraph_text": "Täsch is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It is located about north of Zermatt. The local language is Swiss German.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mont Gond", "paragraph_text": "Mont Gond is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Derborence in Valais. It is located between the Diablerets and the Rhone valley.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 9438, "question": "Where is the Valais located?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 22384, "question": "How did the European Union rank #1 's economy?", "answer": "Europe's most innovative country", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "Europe" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans. They lived and worked chiefly on plantations in the eastern Tidewater. In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state. They were also concentrated in the eastern coastal plain, especially at port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where a variety of jobs were available. Free African Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state revoked their suffrage in restrictions following the slave rebellion of 1831 led by Nat Turner. Southern slave codes criminalized willful killing of a slave in most cases.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "United States incarceration rate", "paragraph_text": "In October 2013, the incarceration rate of the United States of America was the highest in the world, at 716 per 100,000 of the national population. While the United States represents about 4.4 percent of the world's population, it houses around 22 percent of the world's prisoners. Corrections (which includes prisons, jails, probation, and parole) cost around $74 billion in 2007 according to the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "South Carolina in the American Civil War", "paragraph_text": "State of South Carolina Nickname (s): ``Palmetto Republic ''Flag Coat of arms Map of the United States with South Carolina highlighted. Capital Columbia Largest City Charleston Admission to confederacy April 3, 1861 (6th) Population 703,708 total 301,302 free 402,406 slave Forces supplied 23% of white population total 12,992 killed Major garrisons / armories Fort Sumter, Charleston Harbor Governor Francis Pickens (1860 -- 1862) Milledge Bonham Andrew Magrath Senators Robert Woodward Barnwell James Lawrence Orr Representatives List Restored to the Union July 9, 1868", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Moore Station, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Moore Station is a city in Henderson County, Texas, United States. The population was 201 at the 2010 census. It was founded in 1876 by Anderson Moore, a former \"mulatto\" slave.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Charleston, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "By the mid-18th century, Charles Town had become a bustling trade center, the hub of the Atlantic trade for the southern colonies. Charles Towne was also the wealthiest and largest city south of Philadelphia, in part because of the lucrative slave trade. By 1770, it was the fourth-largest port in the colonies, after Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, with a population of 11,000—slightly more than half of them slaves. By 1708, the majority of the colony's population was slaves, and the future state would continue to be a majority of African descent until after the Great Migration of the early 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census. The 2010 census put Montana's population at 989,415 which is an increase of 43,534 people, or 4.40 percent, since 2010. During the first decade of the new century, growth was mainly concentrated in Montana's seven largest counties, with the highest percentage growth in Gallatin County, which saw a 32 percent increase in its population from 2000-2010. The city seeing the largest percentage growth was Kalispell with 40.1 percent, and the city with the largest increase in actual residents was Billings with an increase in population of 14,323 from 2000-2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Charleston, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "By 1820, Charleston's population had grown to 23,000, maintaining its black (and mostly slave) majority. When a massive slave revolt planned by Denmark Vesey, a free black, was revealed in May 1822, whites reacted with intense fear, as they were well aware of the violent retribution of slaves against whites during the Haitian Revolution. Soon after, Vesey was tried and executed, hanged in early July with five slaves. Another 28 slaves were later hanged. Later, the state legislature passed laws requiring individual legislative approval for manumission (the freeing of a slave) and regulating activities of free blacks and slaves.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Athenian democracy", "paragraph_text": "It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen, i.e., not a foreign resident, a slave or a woman, and the number of these was ``probably no more than 30 percent of the total adult population. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "South Carolina in the American Civil War", "paragraph_text": "On November 10, 1860 the S.C. General Assembly called for a ``Convention of the People of South Carolina ''to consider secession. Delegates were to be elected on December 6. The secession convention convened in Columbia on December 17 and voted unanimously, 169 - 0, to declare secession from the United States. The convention then adjourned to Charleston to draft an ordinance of secession. When the ordinance was adopted on December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first slave state in the south to declare that it had seceded from the United States. James Buchanan, the United States president, declared the ordinance illegal but did not act to stop it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "The state also has five Micropolitan Statistical Areas centered on Bozeman, Butte, Helena, Kalispell and Havre. These communities, excluding Havre, are colloquially known as the \"big 7\" Montana cities, as they are consistently the seven largest communities in Montana, with a significant population difference when these communities are compared to those that are 8th and lower on the list. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the population of Montana's seven most populous cities, in rank order, are Billings, Missoula, Great Falls, Bozeman, Butte, Helena and Kalispell. Based on 2013 census numbers, they collectively contain 35 percent of Montana's population. and the counties containing these communities hold 62 percent of the state's population. The geographic center of population of Montana is located in sparsely populated Meagher County, in the town of White Sulphur Springs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "WSOE", "paragraph_text": "WSOE is a non-commercial student-run college radio station based at Elon University in Elon, North Carolina that broadcasts at 89.3fm. The station serves as a creative outlet for students and as a means for students to develop skills for professional broadcast careers. WSOE offers a variety of opportunities in news shows, sports broadcasting, artist interviews, and music technology. Limelight Records, Elon's student-run record label, has worked with WSOE to promote its artists through live sets and interviews on air. The station aims to promote local artists through ticket giveaways, band interviews, and playing these musicians' music over the air.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Athenian democracy", "paragraph_text": "It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen i.e. neither a foreign resident, slave or a woman and the number of these ``varied between 30,000 and 50,000 out of a total population of around 250,000 to 300,000 ''or`` no more than 30 percent of the total adult population.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "New York (state)", "paragraph_text": "Both the Dutch and the British imported African slaves as laborers to the city and colony; New York had the second - highest population of slaves after Charleston, South Carolina. Slavery was extensive in New York City and some agricultural areas. The state passed a law for the gradual abolition of slavery soon after the Revolutionary War, but the last slave in New York was not freed until 1827.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "After 1800, cotton and tobacco became important export crops. The eastern half of the state, especially the Tidewater region, developed a slave society based on a plantation system and slave labor. Many free people of color migrated to the frontier along with their European-American neighbors, where the social system was looser. By 1810, nearly 3 percent of the free population consisted of free people of color, who numbered slightly more than 10,000. The western areas were dominated by white families, especially Scots-Irish, who operated small subsistence farms. In the early national period, the state became a center of Jeffersonian and Jacksonian democracy, with a strong Whig presence, especially in the West. After Nat Turner's slave uprising in 1831, North Carolina and other southern states reduced the rights of free blacks. In 1835 the legislature withdrew their right to vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Two years later, the Royal African Company was inaugurated, receiving from King Charles a monopoly of the trade to supply slaves to the British colonies of the Caribbean. From the outset, slavery was the basis of the British Empire in the West Indies. Until the abolition of the slave trade in 1807, Britain was responsible for the transportation of 3.5 million African slaves to the Americas, a third of all slaves transported across the Atlantic. To facilitate this trade, forts were established on the coast of West Africa, such as James Island, Accra and Bunce Island. In the British Caribbean, the percentage of the population of African descent rose from 25 percent in 1650 to around 80 percent in 1780, and in the 13 Colonies from 10 percent to 40 percent over the same period (the majority in the southern colonies). For the slave traders, the trade was extremely profitable, and became a major economic mainstay for such western British cities as Bristol and Liverpool, which formed the third corner of the so-called triangular trade with Africa and the Americas. For the transported, harsh and unhygienic conditions on the slaving ships and poor diets meant that the average mortality rate during the Middle Passage was one in seven.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "English is the official language in the state of Montana, as it is in many U.S. states. English is also the language of the majority. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, 94.8 percent of the population aged 5 and older speak English at home. Spanish is the language most commonly spoken at home other than English. There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011. There were also 15,438 (1.7 percent of the state population) speakers of Indo-European languages other than English or Spanish, 10,154 (1.1 percent) speakers of a Native American language, and 4,052 (0.4 percent) speakers of an Asian or Pacific Islander language. Other languages spoken in Montana (as of 2013) include Assiniboine (about 150 speakers in the Montana and Canada), Blackfoot (about 100 speakers), Cheyenne (about 1,700 speakers), Plains Cree (about 100 speakers), Crow (about 3,000 speakers), Dakota (about 18,800 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota), German Hutterite (about 5,600 speakers), Gros Ventre (about 10 speakers), Kalispel-Pend d'Oreille (about 64 speakers), Kutenai (about 6 speakers), and Lakota (about 6,000 speakers in Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota). The United States Department of Education estimated in 2009 that 5,274 students in Montana spoke a language at home other than English. These included a Native American language (64 percent), German (4 percent), Spanish (3 percent), Russian (1 percent), and Chinese (less than 0.5 percent).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "According to a 2001 report from The World Factbook by CIA, about 50% of Nigeria's population is Muslim, 40% are Christians and 10% adhere to local religions. But in some recent report, the Christian population is now sightly larger than the Muslim population. An 18 December 2012 report on religion and public life by the Pew Research Center stated that in 2010, 49.3 percent of Nigeria's population was Christian, 48.8 percent was Muslim, and 1.9 percent were followers of indigenous and other religions, or unaffiliated. Additionally, the 2010s census of Association of Religion Data Archives has reported that 46.5 percent of the total population is Christian, slightly bigger than the Muslim population of 45.5 percent, and that 7.7 percent are members of other religious groups.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "In 1860, North Carolina was a slave state, in which one-third of the population was enslaved. This was a smaller proportion than in many Southern states. The state did not vote to join the Confederacy until President Abraham Lincoln called on it to invade its sister state, South Carolina, becoming the last or second-to-last state to officially join the Confederacy. The title of \"last to join the Confederacy\" has been disputed; although Tennessee's informal secession on May 7, 1861, preceded North Carolina's official secession on May 20, the Tennessee legislature did not formally vote to secede until June 8, 1861.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "From fewer than 6,120 white settlers in 1850, Minnesota's official population grew to over 1.7 million by 1900. Each of the next six decades saw a 15 percent increase in population, reaching 3.4 million in 1960. Growth then slowed, rising 11 percent to 3.8 million in 1970, and an average of 9 percent over the next three decades to 4.9 million in the 2000 Census.The United States Census Bureau estimates the population of Minnesota was 5,611,179 on July 1, 2018, a 5.79 percent increase since the 2010 United States Census. The rate of population change, and age and gender distributions, approximate the national average. Minnesota's center of population is in Hennepin County.As of the 2010 Census, the population of Minnesota was 5,303,925. The gender makeup of the state was 49.6% male and 50.4% female. 24.2% of the population were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.3% were from 25 to 44; 27.1% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older.The table below shows the racial composition of Minnesota's population as of 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Economy of the Confederate States of America", "paragraph_text": "The Confederate States of America had an agrarian - based economy that relied heavily on slave - worked plantations for the production of cotton for export to Europe and the northern US states. If ranked as an independent nation, it would have been the fourth richest country of the world in 1860. When the Union blockaded its ports in summer 1861, exports of cotton fell 95 percent and the South had to restructure itself to emphasize food and munitions production. After losing control of its main rivers and ports, it had to depend on a weak railroad system that, with few repairs being made, no new equipment, and federal raids, crumbled away. The financial infrastructure collapsed during the war as inflation destroyed banks and forced a move toward a barter economy for civilians. The government seized needed supplies and livestock (paying with certificates that were to be paid off after the war, but never were). By 1865 the economy was in ruins.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131826, "question": "Which state is WSOE located?", "answer": "North Carolina", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 24600, "question": "In 1860, what percent of the #1 population were slaves?", "answer": "33", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nicklas Bäckström", "paragraph_text": "Nicklas Bäckström (; born 23 November 1987) is a Swedish professional ice hockey centre and an alternate captain for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League (NHL). Bäckström was selected fourth overall by the Capitals at the 2006 NHL Entry Draft, and has since gone on to become Washington's all-time franchise leader in assists. Bäckström won the Stanley Cup in 2018 with the Capitals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Gudgenby River", "paragraph_text": "The Gudgenby River, a perennial river that is part of the Murrumbidgee catchment within the Murray-Darling basin, is located in the Australian Capital Territory, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Raleigh is home to a wide variety of religious practitioners. As of 2013, 46.41% of people in Raleigh are affiliated with a religion. The predominant religion in Raleigh is Christianity, with the largest numbers of adherents being Roman Catholic (11.3%), Baptist (10.85%), and Methodist (7.08%). Others include Presbyterian (2.52%), Pentecostal (1.99%), Episcopalian (1.12%), Lutheran (1.06%), Latter-Day Saints (0.99%), and other Christian denominations (6.68%) including Eastern Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, Jehovah's Witness, Christian Science, Christian Unitarianism, other Mainline Protestant groups, and non-denominational.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Asunción District, Chachapoyas", "paragraph_text": "Asunción is a district of the Chachapoyas Province, Peru. The District of Asunción is located in the northern part of the province in Amazonas Region; the capital is the town of Goncha.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Génova, Quindío", "paragraph_text": "Génova () is a municipality in the southern part of the department of Quindío, Colombia. It is located 52 km south of the departmental capital Armenia", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Captaincy General of Chile", "paragraph_text": "The General Captaincy of Chile (\"Capitanía General de Chile\" ) or Gobernación de Chile, was a territory of the Spanish Empire, from 1541 to 1818. It comprised most of modern-day Chile and southern parts of Argentina. Its capital was Santiago de Chile. In 1818 it declared itself independent, becoming the Republic of Chile. It had a number of Spanish governors over its long history and several kings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird", "paragraph_text": "The book has also been adapted as a play by Christopher Sergel. It debuted in 1990 in Monroeville, a town that labels itself \"The Literary Capital of Alabama\". The play runs every May on the county courthouse grounds and townspeople make up the cast. White male audience members are chosen at the intermission to make up the jury. During the courtroom scene the production moves into the Monroe County Courthouse and the audience is racially segregated. Author Albert Murray said of the relationship of the town to the novel (and the annual performance): \"It becomes part of the town ritual, like the religious underpinning of Mardi Gras. With the whole town crowded around the actual courthouse, it's part of a central, civic education—what Monroeville aspires to be.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hanover", "paragraph_text": "The Schnellweg (en: expressway) system, a number of Bundesstraße roads, forms a structure loosely resembling a large ring road together with A2 and A7. The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "The White Heather", "paragraph_text": "The White Heather is a lost 1919 American silent drama film directed by Maurice Tourneur and starring Holmes Herbert, Ben Alexander and Ralph Graves. It was based on an 1897 play of the same title by Cecil Raleigh and Henry Hamilton. The future matinee idol John Gilbert appeared in a supporting part.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Public schools in Raleigh are operated by the Wake County Public School System. Observers have praised the Wake County Public School System for its innovative efforts to maintain a socially, economically and racial balanced system by using income as a prime factor in assigning students to schools. Raleigh is home to three magnet high schools and three high schools offering the International Baccalaureate program. There are four early college high schools in Raleigh. Raleigh also has two alternative high schools.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Lodeynopolsky Uyezd", "paragraph_text": "Lodeynopolsky Uyezd () was one of the seven subdivisions of the Olonets Governorate of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Lodeynoye Pole. Lodeynopolsky Uyezd was located in the southern part of the governorate (in the northeastern part of the present-day Leningrad Oblast).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Munyonyo", "paragraph_text": "Munyonyo is an area on the northern shores of Lake Victoria and part of the metropolitan area of Kampala, in Makindye Division. Kampala is the capital and largest city of Uganda.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of Rome", "paragraph_text": "At the peak of Roman imperial power in the 2nd century, the population of the city numbered about a million people, a size that it never attained again until its becoming the capital of the Republic of Italy in 1946; close to three percent of the population of the empire lived within its limits. Following the Crisis of the Third Century and the transfer of the imperial capital to Constantinople in AD 330, Rome entered a period of gradual decline.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "La Tebaida, Quindío", "paragraph_text": "La Tebaida () is a municipality in the western part of the department of Quindío, Colombia. It is located 17 km southwest of the departmental capital Armenia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Roanoke Colony", "paragraph_text": "The enterprise was originally financed and organized by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, who drowned in 1583 returning from a voyage to the fishing settlement at St. John's, Newfoundland. Sir Humphrey Gilbert's half - brother Sir Walter Raleigh later gained his brother's charter from the Queen and subsequently executed the details of the charter through his delegates Ralph Lane and Richard Grenville, Raleigh's distant cousin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Brooks Island (West Virginia)", "paragraph_text": "Brooks Island is an island in Raleigh County, West Virginia on the New River. It is located approximately two miles south of Brooks Falls near the unincorporated community of Brooks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Let's Make a Deal", "paragraph_text": "The current edition of the series originally emanated from the Tropicana in Las Vegas. The show returned to Hollywood in 2010, first at Sunset Bronson Studios and later at Raleigh Studios.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Raleigh is also served by Triangle Transit (known formerly as the Triangle Transit Authority, or TTA). Triangle Transit offers scheduled, fixed-route regional and commuter bus service between Raleigh and the region's other principal cities of Durham, Cary and Chapel Hill, as well as to and from the Raleigh-Durham International Airport, Research Triangle Park and several of the region's larger suburban communities. Triangle Transit also coordinates an extensive vanpool and rideshare program that serves the region's larger employers and commute destinations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Raleigh, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Southeast Raleigh is bounded by downtown on the west, Garner on the southwest, and rural Wake County to the southeast. The area includes areas along Rock Quarry Road, Poole Road, and New Bern Avenue. Primary neighborhoods include Chastain, Chavis Heights, Raleigh Country Club, Southgate, Kingwood Forest, Rochester Heights, Emerald Village and Biltmore Hills. Time Warner Cable Music Pavilion (formerly Alltel Pavilion and Walnut Creek Amphitheatre) is one of the region's major outdoor concert venues and is located on Rock Quarry Road. Shaw University is located in this part of the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Lukyanivka (neighborhood)", "paragraph_text": "Lukyanivka () is a historical neighborhood in the northwestern part of the city of Kiev, the capital of Ukraine. It is situated on the right bank of Dnieper, at a short distance from Babi Yar (part of Kurenivka).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 22516, "question": "What state is Raleigh the capital of?", "answer": "North Carolina", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 68918, "question": "when did #1 become a part of the united states", "answer": "November 21, 1789", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rida Pasha al-Rikabi", "paragraph_text": "Ali Rida Pasha al-Rikabi () (1864 25 May 1943), was the First Prime Minister in modern Syria, also Prime Minister of Jordan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Spaced", "paragraph_text": "\"Spaced\" Series 1 and 2 were both released on DVD in the United Kingdom. These were followed by a boxed set which collects the previously released single-series DVDs, adding a bonus disc with a feature-length documentary, \"Skip to the End\", behind the scenes of the show, as well as a music video by Osymyso.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Marisol Touraine", "paragraph_text": "Marisol Touraine (; born 7 March 1959) is a French politician. She serves as Minister of Social Affairs and Health under Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, Prime Minister Manuel Valls, and under Prime Minister Bernard Cazeneuve.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ivars Godmanis", "paragraph_text": "Ivars Godmanis (born 27 November 1951) is a Latvian politician who was Prime Minister of Latvia from 1990 to 1993 and again from 2007 to 2009. He was the first Prime Minister of Latvia after the country restored its independence from the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Estanislau da Silva", "paragraph_text": "After Timor Leste achieved independence in 2002, Da Silva was appointed as the country's first Minister for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. On 10 July 2006, he was sworn in as the First Deputy Prime Minister of Timor Leste. He was sworn in as the acting Prime Minister on 19 May 2007 to replace José Ramos-Horta who had been elected President of the young nation. He left office when Xanana Gusmão was sworn in as Prime Minister on 8 August 2007, following the June 2007 parliamentary election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Solomon Islands", "paragraph_text": "On 13 December 2007, Prime Minister Manasseh Sogavare was toppled by a vote of no confidence in Parliament, following the defection of five ministers to the opposition. It was the first time a prime minister had lost office in this way in Solomon Islands. On 20 December, Parliament elected the opposition's candidate (and former Minister for Education) Derek Sikua as Prime Minister, in a vote of 32 to 15.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "The Government of Estonia (Estonian: Vabariigi Valitsus) or the executive branch is formed by the Prime Minister of Estonia, nominated by the president and approved by the parliament. The government exercises executive power pursuant to the Constitution of Estonia and the laws of the Republic of Estonia and consists of twelve ministers, including the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister also has the right to appoint other ministers and assign them a subject to deal with. These are ministers without portfolio — they don't have a ministry to control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Chris Watson", "paragraph_text": "John Christian Watson (born John Christian Tanck; 9 April 186718 November 1941), commonly known as Chris Watson, was an Australian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of Australia. He was the first Prime Minister from the Australian Labour Party, and led the world's first Labour Party government, indeed the world's first socialist or social democratic government, at a national level. From paternal German and maternal British ancestry, he is the only Australian Prime Minister not born in a Commonwealth country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Prime Minister of Iraq", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Iraq is Iraq's head of government. The Prime Minister was originally an appointed office, subsidiary to the head of state, and the nominal leader of the Iraqi parliament. Under the newly adopted constitution the Prime Minister is to be the country's active executive authority. Nouri al - Maliki (formerly Jawad al - Maliki) was selected to be Prime Minister on 21 April 2006. On 14 August 2014 al - Maliki agreed to step down as prime minister of Iraq to allow Haider al - Abadi to take his place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Aigars Kalvītis", "paragraph_text": "On 2 December 2004, he became the Prime Minister of Latvia. He was the prime minister of Latvia until his resignation on 5 December 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "In the Russian constitution the prime minister is actually titled Chairman of the government while the Irish prime minister is called the Taoiseach (which is rendered into English as prime minister), and in Israel he is Rosh HaMemshalah meaning \"head of the government\". In many cases, though commonly used, \"prime minister\" is not the official title of the office-holder; the Spanish prime minister is the President of the Government (Presidente del Gobierno).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Eugen Bejinariu", "paragraph_text": "Bejinariu was appointed as interim prime minister at the request of resigning prime minister, Adrian Năstase, and confirmed by the new president Traian Băsescu to hold the office until a new prime minister was named. Bejinariu was the minister of government coordination in Năstase's cabinet, joining the government after a long stint as chairman of Romania's State Protocol Department (RAPPS). He was replaced as prime minister on December 28, 2004 by Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "National Development Council (India)", "paragraph_text": "The National Development Council (NDC) or Rashtriya Vikas Parishad is the apex body for decision creating and deliberations on development matters in India, presided over by the Prime Minister. It was set up on 6 August 1952 to strengthen and mobilize the effort and resources of the nation in support of the Plan, to promote common economic policies in all vital spheres, and to ensure the balanced and rapid development of all parts of the country. The Council comprises the Prime Minister, the Union Cabinet Ministers, Chief Ministers of all States or their substitutes, representatives of the Union Territories and the members of the NITI Aayog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Prime Minister of Israel", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Israel (Hebrew: רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה ‬, Rosh HaMemshala, lit. Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: רה ״ מ ‬; Arabic: رئيس الحكومة ‎, Ra'īs al - Ḥukūma) is the head of government of Israel and the most powerful figure in Israeli politics. Although the President of Israel is the country's head of state, the President's powers are largely ceremonial; the Prime Minister holds most of the real power. The official residence of the Prime Minister, Beit Aghion is in Jerusalem. The current Prime Minister is Benjamin Netanyahu of Likud, the ninth person to hold the position (excluding caretakers).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "JAXA", "paragraph_text": "On 1 October 2003, three organizations were merged to form the new JAXA: Japan's Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), the National Aerospace Laboratory of Japan (NAL), and National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA). JAXA was formed as an Independent Administrative Institution administered by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC).Before the merger, ISAS was responsible for space and planetary research, while NAL was focused on aviation research. NASDA, which was founded on 1 October 1969, had developed rockets, satellites, and also built the Japanese Experiment Module. The old NASDA headquarters were located at the current site of the Tanegashima Space Center, on Tanegashima Island, 115 kilometers south of Kyūshū. NASDA also trained Japanese astronauts, who flew with the US Space Shuttles.The Basic Space Law was passed in 2008, and the jurisdictional authority of JAXA moved from MEXT to the Strategic Headquarters for Space Development (SHSD) in the Cabinet, led by the Prime Minister. In 2016, the National Space Policy Secretariat (NSPS) was set up the Cabinet.In 2012, new legislation extended JAXA's remit from peaceful purposes only to include some military space development, such as missile early warning systems. Political control of JAXA passed from MEXT to the Prime Minister's Cabinet Office through a new Space Strategy Office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister has the right to appoint a maximum of three such ministers, as the limit of ministers in one government is fifteen. It is also known as the cabinet. The cabinet carries out the country's domestic and foreign policy, shaped by parliament; it directs and co-ordinates the work of government institutions and bears full responsibility for everything occurring within the authority of executive power. The government, headed by the Prime Minister, thus represents the political leadership of the country and makes decisions in the name of the whole executive power.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil", "paragraph_text": "Abdallah Mohamed Kamil (عبد الله محمد كامل) (born 1936, in Obock) is a Djiboutian politician. He served as Prime Minister of the country from 5 February 1978 to 2 October 1978.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Poland", "paragraph_text": "In 2011, the ruling Civic Platform won parliamentary elections. Poland joined the European Space Agency in 2012, as well as organised the UEFA Euro 2012 (along with Ukraine). In 2013, Poland also became a member of the Development Assistance Committee. In 2014, the Prime Minister of Poland, Donald Tusk, was chosen to be President of the European Council, and resigned as prime minister. The 2015 elections were won by the opposition Law and Justice Party (PiS).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Prime minister", "paragraph_text": "Other common forms include president of the council of ministers (for example in Italy, Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri), President of the Executive Council, or Minister-President. In the Scandinavian countries the prime minister is called statsminister in the native languages (i.e. minister of state). In federations, the head of government of subnational entities such as provinces is most commonly known as the premier, chief minister, governor or minister-president.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Eugenia Charles", "paragraph_text": "Dame Mary Eugenia Charles, DBE (15 May 1919 -- 6 September 2005) was a Dominican politician who was Prime Minister of Dominica from 21 July 1980 until 14 June 1995. She was Dominica's first, and to date only, female prime minister, as well as the nation's longest - serving prime minister. She was the second female prime minister in the Caribbean after Lucina da Costa of the Netherlands Antilles, and the first woman elected in her own right as head of government in the Americas. She was the world's third longest - serving female Prime Minister, behind Indira Gandhi of India and Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka, and the world's longest continuously serving female Prime Minister ever. Charles was also Dominica's first female lawyer.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106382, "question": "Which was the country for Spaced?", "answer": "United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 80004, "question": "in #1 who picks the prime minister", "answer": "Monarch of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "United Kingdom", "UK" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "ISO 9660", "paragraph_text": "ISO 9660 is a file system for optical disc media. Being published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) the file system is considered an international technical standard. Since the specification is available for anybody to purchase, implementations have been written for many operating systems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Miss USA", "paragraph_text": "The Miss USA is an American beauty pageant that has been held annually since 1952 to select the American entrant in the Miss Universe pageant. The Miss Universe Organization operates both pageants, as well as Miss Teen USA.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "Tuvalu participates in the work of Secretariat of the Pacific Community, or SPC (sometimes Pacific Community) and is a member of the Pacific Islands Forum, the Commonwealth of Nations and the United Nations. Tuvalu has maintained a mission at the United Nations in New York City since 2000. Tuvalu is a member of the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. On 18 February 2016 Tuvalu signed the Pacific Islands Development Forum Charter and formally joined the Pacific Islands Development Forum (PIDF).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Seattle Community Access Network", "paragraph_text": "In August 1999, Seattle Community Access Network was formed as a non-profit organization in order to take over station operations from TCI. Part of the reason for creating the organization was to handle complaints about adult material being aired on the channel by local producers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ian Kiernan", "paragraph_text": "Ian Bruce Carrick Kiernan AO (born 4 October 1940) is an environmentalist known for organizing the Clean Up Australia campaign, and in 1993 a similar Clean Up the World operation which attracted participation from 30 million volunteers in 80 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nożyk Synagogue", "paragraph_text": "The Nożyk Synagogue () is the only surviving prewar Jewish house of prayer in Warsaw, Poland. It was built in 1898-1902 and was restored after World War II. It is still operational and currently houses the Warsaw Jewish Commune, as well as other Jewish organizations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Leave No Trace", "paragraph_text": "These principles have been adapted to different activities, ecosystems and environments. Since 1994, Leave No Trace Center For Outdoor Ethics, a non-profit organization also known as Leave No Trace, exists to educate people about their recreational impact on nature as well as the principles of Leave No Trace to prevent and minimize such impacts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "World Badminton Federation", "paragraph_text": "The World Badminton Federation is a former badminton organization, it was founded in February 1978 and ceased its operation on May 26, 1981 after it merged with the International Badminton Federation (now known as Badminton World Federation or BWF).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hüseyin Velioğlu", "paragraph_text": "Hüseyin Velioğlu (1952 – 17 January 2000) was the leader of the Turkish Hezbollah, a militant extremist organization in the early 1990s. Velioğlu led one of the wings of this organization. He was killed in a police operation in the Beykoz district of Istanbul on 17 January 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bremen Cathedral", "paragraph_text": "Bremen Cathedral (), dedicated to St. Peter, is a church situated in the market square in the center of Bremen, in northern Germany. The cathedral belongs to the Bremian Evangelical Church, a member of the Protestant umbrella organization named Evangelical Church in Germany. It is the previous cathedral of the former Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. Since 1973, it is protected by the monument protection act.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Asia Cooperation Dialogue", "paragraph_text": "The ACD was founded by 18 members. Since March 2016, the organization consists of 34 states as listed below (including all current members of ASEAN and the GCC). Overlapping regional organization membership in italics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sandarbh", "paragraph_text": "Sandarbh is a bimonthly magazine on science and education in Hindi published since September, 1994 in Bhopal, India. It is published by Eklavya foundation, a non-profit, non-governmental organization that focuses on children's education. \"Sandarbh\" primarily serves as a resource on a variety of topics for teachers and students in primary, middle, and high schools.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "HIV/AIDS", "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization first proposed a definition for AIDS in 1986. Since then, the WHO classification has been updated and expanded several times, with the most recent version being published in 2007. The WHO system uses the following categories:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China", "paragraph_text": "It was founded in May 1924, and was suspended during the Cultural Revolution, until it was restored in October 1977. It is an important organ in China's propaganda system, and its inner operations are highly secretive.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Drug cartel", "paragraph_text": "A drug cartel is any criminal organization with the intention of supplying drug trafficking operations. They range from loosely managed agreements among various drug traffickers to formalized commercial enterprises. The term was applied when the largest trafficking organizations reached an agreement to coordinate the production and distribution of cocaine. Since that agreement was broken up, drug cartels are no longer actually cartels, but the term stuck and it is now popularly used to refer to any criminal narcotics related organization.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Clarke Center", "paragraph_text": "The Clarke Center is an organization at Dickinson College in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, USA, which organizes campus lectures, symposia, and events. A gift from trustee Henry D. Clarke, Jr. helped establish the Center in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece is classified as an advanced, high-income economy, and was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981. In 2001 Greece adopted the euro as its currency, replacing the Greek drachma at an exchange rate of 340.75 drachmae per euro. Greece is a member of the International Monetary Fund and of the World Trade Organization, and ranked 34th on Ernst & Young's Globalization Index 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "International Defence Industry Fair", "paragraph_text": "The International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) is a defence industry fair held in Turkey and organized by the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation since 1993. The Foundation organizes the IDEF once in every two years and before each fair it chooses the organizer firm and exhibition venue by calling a tender. The exhibitions generally take place in Ankara or Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Wildlife Alliance", "paragraph_text": "Wildlife Alliance was founded in 1994 by a group of American and British conservationists under the name \"Global Survival Network\", and reorganized in 1999 as WildAid. The organization restructured itself again in 2006, dividing the organization's programs between two organizations - a new separate WildAid conducting the Active Conservation Awareness Program, Shark Conservation, and Galapagos Islands programs and Wildlife Alliance conducting field operations in Southeast Asia and Russia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tuvalu", "paragraph_text": "The Tuvalu Media Department of the Government of Tuvalu operates Radio Tuvalu which broadcasts from Funafuti. In 2011 the Japanese government provided financial support to construct a new AM broadcast studio. The installation of upgraded transmission equipment allows Radio Tuvalu to be heard on all nine islands of Tuvalu. The new AM radio transmitter on Funafuti replaced the FM radio service to the outer islands and freed up satellite bandwidth for mobile services. Fenui – news from Tuvalu is a free digital publication of the Tuvalu Media Department that is emailed to subscribers and operates a Facebook page, which publishes news about government activities and news about Tuvaluan events, such as a special edition covering the results of the 2015 general election.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 36132, "question": "To what world organization does Tuvalu belong?", "answer": "United Nations", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 63634, "question": "which organ of #1 has suspended its operations since 1994", "answer": "United Nations Trusteeship Council", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Senate of Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "First convened in 1973, the Senate's composition and powers are established by the Article 59 of the Constitution of Pakistan. Each province of Pakistan are represented by fourteen senators and eight senators from the tribal areas regardless of population, who serve staggered six - year terms. The Senate secretariat is located in the east wing of the Parliament Building; the National Assembly convenes in the west wing of the same building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Black Hawk Township, Jefferson County, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Black Hawk Township is located in Jefferson County, Iowa. The population is 314 with 161 males and 153 females. The land area is with no water area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Karl Limper Geology Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Karl Limper Geology Museum is located in Shideler Hall at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. It is located off the lobby on the main level of the building. The museum was established in 1968 and contains a collection of ore minerals, meteorites, and a 16 inch trilobite. Much of the basis of the collection was collected by William H. Shideler, founder of Miami's geology program. The museum was funded by donations from alumni including James Wolff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "CBS Building", "paragraph_text": "The CBS Building in New York City, also known as Black Rock, is the headquarters of CBS Corporation. Located at 51 West 52nd Street at the corner of Sixth Avenue (Avenue of the Americas), the Eero Saarinen designed building opened in 1965. It is 38 stories and tall with approximately rentable of space. The interior and furnishings were designed by Saarinen and Florence Knoll.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% black (23% non-Hispanic black), 0.7% Native American, and 12.7% Asian. Hispanics of any race represented 28.6% of the population, while Asians constituted the fastest-growing segment of the city's population between 2000 and 2010; the non-Hispanic white population declined 3 percent, the smallest recorded decline in decades; and for the first time since the Civil War, the number of blacks declined over a decade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Big Walnut High School", "paragraph_text": "Big Walnut High School is a public high school located in Sunbury, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Big Walnut Local School District. It was established in 1950. The current building was built in 1991 and has a student population of almost 1,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Victoria Building (Ottawa)", "paragraph_text": "The Victoria Building is an Art Deco office building in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is located at 140 Wellington Street, just across from the Parliament of Canada. It houses the offices of a number of parliamentarians, mostly members of the Senate of Canada. The building, designed by John Albert Ewart, was completed in 1928 by private developers, though the federal government quickly leased much of it. It has held a wide variety of tenants. It was the first home of the Embassy of France (1928-1939) and the Bank of Canada from 1935–1938. It also housed the Japanese legation in 1931. From 1938 to 1964 it housed the CBC and for a time was also the home of Ashbury College. The federal government took over the building in 1973 and in 2003 it was renovated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Gölköy", "paragraph_text": "Gölköy is a town and district of Ordu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. The town is located inland from the city of Ordu on the road to Sivas. According to the 2000 census, population of the district is 66,491 of which 24,162 live in the town of Gölköy. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an elevation of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Black Hawk Township, Black Hawk County, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Black Hawk Township is one of seventeen rural townships in Black Hawk County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 2494.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Black Diamond (library)", "paragraph_text": "The Black Diamond (Danish: Den Sorte Diamant) is a modern waterfront extension to the Royal Danish Library's old building on Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Its quasi-official nickname is a reference to its polished black granite cladding and irregular angles. Designed by Danish architects Schmidt Hammer Lassen, the Black Diamond was completed in 1999 as the first in a series of large-scale cultural buildings along Copenhagen's waterfront.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "National Palace (Mexico)", "paragraph_text": "The National Palace (Spanish: Palacio Nacional) is the seat of the federal executive in Mexico. It is located on Mexico City's main square, the Plaza de la Constitución (El Zócalo). This site has been a palace for the ruling class of Mexico since the Aztec empire, and much of the current palace's building materials are from the original one that belonged to Moctezuma II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gazdagrét", "paragraph_text": "Gazdagrét is a neighbourhood of Budapest, the capital of Hungary. It is located in the western part of the 11th district. It is a residential area consisting of prefabricated buildings (see panelház) with a population of 11,929 (2001 census).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Wings of a Dove (Bob Ferguson song)", "paragraph_text": "``Wings of a Dove ''Single by Ferlin Husky B - side`` Next to Jimmy'' Released July 1960 Genre Country Length 2: 18 Label Capitol Songwriter (s) Bob Ferguson Producer (s) Ken Nelson Ferlin Husky singles chronology ``Black Sheep ''(1959)`` Wings of a Dove'' (1960) ``Willow Tree ''(1961)`` Black Sheep'' (1959) ``Wings of a Dove ''(1960)`` Willow Tree'' (1961)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Emlyn Hughes House", "paragraph_text": "Emlyn Hughes House is a landmark four storey office building located on the intersection of Abbey Road and Holker Street in Barrow-in-Furness, England. It is named after local footballer Emlyn Hughes who captained both Liverpool F.C. and the England national team, a statue of Hughes is also located outside of the building. Emlyn Hughes House replaces the Art Deco Ritz Cinema and was designed by Bowker Sadler architects and built by Capita Symonds for Barrow Borough Council. There was much speculation that the development would become a 'white elephant' because a year after completion in 2008 the whole building remained vacant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Bronx", "paragraph_text": "At the 2009 American Community Survey, Black Americans made the second largest group in the Bronx after Hispanics and Latinos. Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-third (35.4%) of the Bronx's population. Blacks of non-Hispanic origin made up 30.8% of the population. Over 495,200 blacks resided in the borough, of which 430,600 were non-Hispanic blacks. Over 61,000 people identified themselves as \"Sub-Saharan African\" in the survey, making up 4.4% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cleveland Law Range", "paragraph_text": "Cleveland Law Range is a historic office building located at Spartanburg, Spartanburg County, South Carolina. It was built in 1898-1899, and is a three-story, Richardsonian Romanesque style brick building. It features five arched bays on the ground floor, with repeated bay arrangements on the second and third floors. Three South Carolina governors maintained offices in the Cleveland Law Range: James F. Byrnes, John Gary Evans, and Donald S. Russell.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Miami", "paragraph_text": "In 1960, non-Hispanic whites represented 80% of Miami-Dade county's population. In 1970, the Census Bureau reported Miami's population as 45.3% Hispanic, 32.9% non-Hispanic White, and 22.7% Black. Miami's explosive population growth has been driven by internal migration from other parts of the country, primarily up until the 1980s, as well as by immigration, primarily from the 1960s to the 1990s. Today, immigration to Miami has slowed significantly and Miami's growth today is attributed greatly to its fast urbanization and high-rise construction, which has increased its inner city neighborhood population densities, such as in Downtown, Brickell, and Edgewater, where one area in Downtown alone saw a 2,069% increase in population in the 2010 Census. Miami is regarded as more of a multicultural mosaic, than it is a melting pot, with residents still maintaining much of, or some of their cultural traits. The overall culture of Miami is heavily influenced by its large population of Hispanics and blacks mainly from the Caribbean islands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Stratton Strawless", "paragraph_text": "Stratton Strawless is a village in the county of Norfolk and district of Broadland. The civil parish covers and has a population of 495, increasing to a population of 580 in the 2011 Census. Located close and to the east of the A140 road and being south of the market town of Aylsham and some north of Norwich. Much of the parish has been given over to the growing of arable crops, but there are substantial amounts of mixed woodland to be found.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Colosseum", "paragraph_text": "Although the Colossus was preserved, much of the Domus Aurea was torn down. The lake was filled in and the land reused as the location for the new Flavian Amphitheatre. Gladiatorial schools and other support buildings were constructed nearby within the former grounds of the Domus Aurea. Vespasian's decision to build the Colosseum on the site of Nero's lake can be seen as a populist gesture of returning to the people an area of the city which Nero had appropriated for his own use. In contrast to many other amphitheatres, which were located on the outskirts of a city, the Colosseum was constructed in the city centre; in effect, placing it both symbolically and precisely at the heart of Rome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "P. S. Dupont High School", "paragraph_text": "P. S. Dupont High School is a historic high school building located at Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was built in 1934, and is a four-story, \"E\"-shaped, red brick building in a Colonial Revival / Neo-Georgian style. It has a hipped roof covered with dark reddish-brown shingles, topped by a wood, three-level tower and cupola that ends in a multiple sided, bell-like copper roof and weather vane. The school is named for Pierre S. duPont (1870–1954).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 130798, "question": "What state is Longyear Building located?", "answer": "Michigan", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 26110, "question": "How much of #1 's population is Black?", "answer": "13 percent", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Rochester, New York", "paragraph_text": "Rochester (/ ˈrɒtʃɪstər, ˈrɒtʃɛstər /) is a city on the southern shore of Lake Ontario in western New York. With a population of 208,880 residents, Rochester is the seat of Monroe County and the third most populous city in New York state, after New York City and Buffalo. The metropolitan area has a population of just over 1 million people.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Svenstrup, Aalborg Municipality", "paragraph_text": "Svenstrup is a town in Aalborg Municipality with a population of 7,000 (2014), Region Nordjylland in Denmark. It is located 3 km south of Aalborg. The town has a train station, which re-opened in 2003. The station is connected to the railroad between Aalborg Station and Århus Central Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jackson Homestead", "paragraph_text": "The Jackson Homestead, located at 527 Washington Street, in the village of Newton Corner, in Newton, Massachusetts, is an historic house that served as a station on the Underground Railroad before the Civil War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Bivalve, California", "paragraph_text": "Bivalve is an unincorporated community in Marin County, California. It is located on the Northwestern Pacific Railroad northwest of Point Reyes Station, at an elevation of 43 feet (13 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Colorado and Southern Railway", "paragraph_text": "The Colorado and Southern Railway was an American Class I railroad in the western United States that operated independently from 1898 to 1908, then as part of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad until it was absorbed into the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Since the early days of rail transport in the United States, Philadelphia has served as hub for several major rail companies, particularly the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Reading Railroad. The Pennsylvania Railroad first operated Broad Street Station, then 30th Street Station and Suburban Station, and the Reading Railroad operated out of Reading Terminal, now part of the Pennsylvania Convention Center. The two companies also operated competing commuter rail systems in the area, known collectively as the Regional Rail system. The two systems today, for the most part still intact but now connected, operate as a single system under the control of the SEPTA, the regional transit authority. Additionally, the PATCO Speedline subway system and NJ Transit's Atlantic City Line operate successor services to southern New Jersey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Aliquippa station", "paragraph_text": "Aliquippa station is a former railway station located in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, United States. The station was constructed and used by the now defunct Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad. Constructed in 1911, the station has also gone by the name of Woodlawn station because of the former town of Woodlawn that was merged with Aliquippa in the late 1870s. After the station closed to passengers, it was used for several years by the Jones and Laughlin Steel Company as an office building. Today, the structure sits vacant just outside the city of Aliquippa. The station was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990 as the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Passenger Station, Aliquippa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cos Cob Power Station", "paragraph_text": "The Spanish Revival style station building of 1907 was significant as part of the first mainline railroad electrification in the United States, using alternating current (AC) electrification. The New York City subway systems and a Hudson River railroad line used lower voltage direct current (DC) electrification, but for longer distances that would mean high transmission losses or frequent and closely spaced substations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rochester Community Schools (Michigan)", "paragraph_text": "Rochester Community Schools District serves Rochester, the majority of both Oakland Township, and Rochester Hills, as well as parts of Orion Township and Auburn Hills in northeast Oakland County and parts of Shelby Township and Washington Township in northwest Macomb County, in the U.S. state of Michigan. It currently has upwards of 14,500 students in 21 buildings, all located in Rochester Hills and Oakland Township, Michigan. The Administration Center is located in the city of Rochester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sloan Station, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Sloan Station is an unincorporated community in Champaign County, Illinois, United States. Sloan Station is located along a railroad line between Ivesdale and Sadorus. It is centered on an elevator that is no longer used for receiving grain, but still used for storage by the Grand Prairie Co-Op.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Kearsarge, California", "paragraph_text": "Kearsarge (formerly, Kearsarge Station and Citrus) is an unincorporated community in Inyo County, California. It is located on the former route of the Southern Pacific Railroad east of Independence, at an elevation of .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Genesee Junction, New York", "paragraph_text": "In the early days of Rochester railroading, Genesee Junction was the name given to the interchange between the West Shore Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad in Chili, NY. However, after the PRR shut down its Rochester Branch following its merger with the New York Central, the name \"Genesee Junction\" moved west to the neighboring interchange between the West Shore (Penn Central by this point) and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. This interchange, formerly known as West Shore Junction, has retained the name Genesee Junction to this day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Blairton, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Blairton is an unincorporated community on Opequon Creek located east of Martinsburg in Berkeley County, West Virginia. Blairton was originally named Opequan Station because of its location on the Opequon along the railroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Stuyvesant station", "paragraph_text": "Stuyvesant station, also known as Stuyvesant Landing Depot, is a historic train station located in Stuyvesant, Columbia County, New York. It was built during the second half of 1880 after the original station was destroyed by a fire. Mull & Fromer, Masons and Builders, of Catskill, New York, secured the contract to rebuild the station and E. Lampman was their carpenter.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Xenia Station", "paragraph_text": "Xenia Station, located at 150 Miami Avenue in Xenia, Ohio, in the United States, is a replica of Xenia's 1880s brick railroad station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Herndon Depot Museum", "paragraph_text": "The Herndon Depot Museum, also known as the Herndon Historical Society Museum, is located in the town of Herndon in Fairfax County, Virginia. Built in 1857 for the Alexandria, Loudoun & Hampshire Railroad, the depot later served the Richmond and Danville Railroad, the Southern Railway and the Washington and Old Dominion Railroad. The structure is located at 717 Lynn Street, at the intersection of the Washington & Old Dominion Railroad Trail and Station Street, north of Elden Street (signed nearby as Virginia State Routes 228 and 606). The building is adjacent to Town Hall Square, which contains the Herndon Town Hall, built in 1939 as a Works Progress Administration project to house all of the Town's administrative offices.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New Lisbon, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "New Lisbon is an unincorporated community located within Pemberton Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. It is a settlement along Four Mile Road (County Route 646) where it intersects Mount Misery Road (CR 645). The community is located along the Philadelphia and Long Branch Railway, later a part of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and featured a train station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Hialeah Seaboard Air Line Railway Station", "paragraph_text": "The Hialeah Seaboard Air Line Railway Station is a historic Seaboard Air Line Railroad depot in Hialeah, Florida. It is located at 1200 Southeast 10th Court.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Leach Railroad Station, Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Leach Railroad Station, is an unincorporated community located 3 miles south of Catlettsburg in Boyd County, Kentucky. It was first established in approximately 1882 as a freight and passenger loading facility for the Chatteroi railroad (later Chesapeake and Ohio Railway). The former community of Leech Station is now mostly owned by Marathon Oil, which operates one of its seven oil refineries there. Marathon bought the large refinery at Leech Station from Ashland, Inc. in 1999. In 2000, Marathon took over ownership of old U.S. 23 and then purchased the remaining residential property located at Leech Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "McNeal, Florida", "paragraph_text": "McNeal is an unincorporated community in Calhoun County, Florida, United States. It is located southeast of Blountstown on the northwest bank of the Apalachicola River, and is the eastern terminus of the Blountstown Greenway Bike Path, a rail-trail that was once part of the Marianna and Blountstown Railroad.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129609, "question": "In which state is Stuyvesant Railroad Station located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 82685, "question": "what part of #1 is rochester in", "answer": "western New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "History of the St Kilda Football Club", "paragraph_text": "The St Kilda Football Club, nicknamed The Saints, is an Australian rules football club, based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The club plays in the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest league in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Calgary Stampeders", "paragraph_text": "The Calgary Stampeders are a professional Canadian football team based in Calgary, Alberta, competing in the West Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL). The Stampeders play their home games at McMahon Stadium and are the third-oldest active franchise in the CFL. The Stampeders were officially founded in 1945, although there were clubs operating in Calgary as early as 1909.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Art Cologne", "paragraph_text": "Art Cologne is an art fair held annually in Cologne, Germany and was established in 1967 as \"Kölner Kunstmarkt\". It is regarded as the world's oldest art fair of its kind. The fair runs for six days and brings together galleries from more than 20 countries at the Cologne Exhibition Centre, one of the world’s largest exhibition centers. It is open to the public and attracts about 60,000 visitors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Greater Western Sydney Giants", "paragraph_text": "The Greater Western Sydney Giants, nicknamed the GWS Giants or just Giants, is a professional Australian rules football club which plays in the Australian Football League (AFL). Representing the Greater Western Sydney area and Canberra, the club is based at the Tom Wills Oval in Sydney Olympic Park. The team's primary home ground is Sydney Showground Stadium in Sydney Olympic Park. Four games a year are played at Manuka Oval in Canberra as part of a deal with the government of the Australian Capital Territory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Associação Naval de Lisboa", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1856, Associação Naval de Lisboa (Lisbon Naval Association) is the oldest sport club of Portugal and one of the 30 oldest yacht clubs in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Eskişehir Demirspor", "paragraph_text": "Eskişehir Demirspor is a Turkish sports club from Eskişehir, Turkey. They are the oldest football club in Eskişehir. The club has many departments including football, basketball, volleyball, athletic, swimming, fencing, wrestling, and karate. They are famous with their football department and have won the Turkish Football Championship in 1940.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Premier League", "paragraph_text": "Television money had also become much more important; the Football League received £6.3 million for a two-year agreement in 1986, but when that deal was renewed in 1988, the price rose to £44 million over four years. The 1988 negotiations were the first signs of a breakaway league; ten clubs threatened to leave and form a \"super league\", but were eventually persuaded to stay. As stadiums improved and match attendance and revenues rose, the country's top teams again considered leaving the Football League in order to capitalise on the growing influx of money being pumped into the sport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Victoria Jaworzno", "paragraph_text": "GKS Victoria Jaworzno is a Polish football and boxing club based in Jaworzno, Poland. It is the oldest Polish miner's football club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Helsingin Ponnistus", "paragraph_text": "Helsingin Ponnistus (abbreviated Ponnistus) is a football club from Helsinki, Finland. The club was formed in 1887 making it the oldest football club in Finland. The men's first team currently plays in the Kolmonen (Third Division) and their home ground is at the Töölön Pallokenttä.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Joensuun Palloseura", "paragraph_text": "Joensuun Palloseura (abbreviated JoPS) is a football club from Joensuu, Finland. JoPS is Joensuu's oldest football club having been formed in 1929. The club has competed in the second tier of Finnish football over 6 seasons, the last time being in 1968. JoPS currently plays in the Kolmonen section that covers Eastern and Central Finland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "FK Khujand", "paragraph_text": "FC Khujand () is a Tajik football club based in Khujand, currently playing in the Tajik League, the top division in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Stockholm Mean Machines", "paragraph_text": "Stockholm Mean Machines is the oldest and most successful football club in Sweden. The club was established in 1972, the same year the sport was introduced in the country. They started playing in the Stockholm suburb of Danderyd. The ambition of the Stockholm Mean Machines has always been to be the premier team in Sweden and in Europe, the men's team leads the nation in seasons played in the premier league in Sweden (Superserien) and its 11 national championships is also most of any team. The ladies team is the reigning national champions. The club is also represented in all youth leagues (U11, U13, U15, U17 and U19).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It is also the only English club to go a 38 - match league season unbeaten, receiving the nickname The Invincibles, and a special gold Premier League trophy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sydney University Speleological Society", "paragraph_text": "SUSS was founded in 1948 and is the oldest caving group on mainland Australia (and second-oldest in the country, having formed two years after the Tasmanian Caverneering Club). It has been heavily involved in the exploration and mapping of various Australian cave systems since its formation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "C.F. União", "paragraph_text": "Clube de Futebol União, commonly known as União da Madeira, is a Portuguese football club from Funchal, Madeira, that plays in the Campeonato de Portugal. The club was founded on 1 November 1913, thus being one of the oldest football clubs in Portugal. The club's home ground is the Estádio do Centro Desportivo da Madeira, located in Ribeira Brava, approximately 20 minutes drive from the capital Funchal. The club plays in yellow and blue, the official colours of the archipelago of Madeira.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Premier League", "paragraph_text": "The Premier League is an English professional league for men's association football clubs. At the top of the English football league system, it is the country's primary football competition. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL; known as ``The Football League ''before 2016 -- 17). Welsh clubs that compete in the English football league system can also qualify.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rathkenny GAA", "paragraph_text": "Rathkenny GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the small village of Rathkenny, in County Meath, Ireland. The club takes part in Meath GAA competitions. The club have won 5 Meath Senior Football Championship titles. Rathkenny are currently competing at senior level, and have been since 2007. The club was founded in 1886, making it one of the oldest clubs in Meath.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Highbury, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It has won more top flight matches than any English club except Liverpool, and has completed the only 38 match season unbeaten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Melbourne University Football Club", "paragraph_text": "Although there are no records of its exact formation, University's first recorded match took place in the same month that the Castlemaine Football Club was formed making it likely that University is the second oldest club in Australia after Melbourne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Highbury, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It has won the second-most top flight matches in English football history, and is the only English club to go a 38 - match league season unbeaten.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 18516, "question": "What country has fair dealing laws?", "answer": "Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 31433, "question": "What is the oldest football club in #1 ?", "answer": "Hamilton Football Club", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Woman with a Fan", "paragraph_text": "La Femme à l'Éventail, or Woman with a Fan, is a painting by the French artist Jean Metzinger. The work was exhibited in 1914 at Moderni Umeni, S.V.U. Mánes, Prague. A 1914 photograph taken at the exhibition in Prague was published in the magazine \"\" showing \"Woman with a Fan\" hanging next to another work by Metzinger known as \"En Canot (Im Boot, The Boat)\", 1913. Donated by Mr. and Mrs. Sigmund Kunstadter in 1959, \"Woman with a Fan\" forms part of the permanent collection in Gallery 391B (Medieval to Modern European Painting and Sculpture) at the Art Institute of Chicago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hart Glacier", "paragraph_text": "Hart Glacier is a small hanging glacier on the south wall of Wright Valley, Victoria Land, Antarctica, between Meserve Glacier and Goodspeed Glacier. It was named by U.S. geologist Robert Nichols for Roger Hart, a geological assistant to Nichols at nearby Marble Point in the 1959–60 field season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "A Woman in Love (Ronnie Milsap song)", "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman in Love\" is a song written by Curtis Wright and Doug Millett, and recorded by American country music singer Ronnie Milsap. It was released in September 1989 as the third single from the album \"Stranger Things Have Happened\". It was his last song to reach number one on the U.S. country singles chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Rainey Bethea", "paragraph_text": "Rainey Bethea (c. 1909 -- August 14, 1936) was the last person to be publicly executed in the United States. Bethea, who confessed to the rape and murder of a 70 - year - old woman named Lischia Edwards, was convicted of her rape and publicly hanged in Owensboro, Kentucky. Mistakes in performing the hanging and the surrounding media circus contributed to the end of public executions in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "A Woman Always Knows", "paragraph_text": "\"A Woman Always Knows\" is a single by American country music artist David Houston. Released in December 1970, it was the second single from his album \"A Woman Always Knows\". The song peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tycoon (band)", "paragraph_text": "Tycoon was an American rock band from New York City. The group released two records on Arista Records. \"Such a Woman\" charted one Top 40 hit single in 1979, \"Such a Woman\" (U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 #26) was produced by Robert \"Mutt\" Lange, Their 1981 album, \"Turn Out the Lights\", was produced by Vini Poncia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Elizabeth Woolcock", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Woolcock (20 April 1848 – 30 December 1873) was born Elizabeth Lillian Oliver in Burra Burra and was hanged in Adelaide Gaol for the murder of her husband Thomas Woolcock by mercury poisoning. She remains the only woman ever executed in South Australia and is buried between the outer and inner prison walls. It has been argued that she may have been a victim of domestic violence and suffered from battered spouse syndrome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Woman (Sensuous Woman)", "paragraph_text": "\"Woman (Sensuous Woman)\" is a 1972 single by Don Gibson. \"Woman (Sensuous Woman)\" was Don Gibson's final number one on the country charts spending one week at the top and a total of sixteen weeks on the charts. Other artists released their versions of \"Woman (Sensuous Woman),\" including Ray Charles on his 1984 album \"Do I Ever Cross Your Mind,\" and Mark Chesnutt, whose version under the title \"Woman, Sensuous Woman\" peaked at #21 in the Country Music charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sani Yakubu Rodi", "paragraph_text": "Sani Yakubu Rodi (b. 1975 or 1981, according to conflicting reports) was the first prisoner to be executed under state-level Sharia law in Nigeria. He was hanged in a prison in Katsina State on January 3, 2002, for the 2001 fatal stabbing of a woman and her two children; however, he did not have legal representation at his trial (opting for self-defense), and had pleaded not guilty at his initial hearing, but had changed to a guilty plea at a later hearing, after which he was sentenced to death by hanging.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Jean Lee (murderer)", "paragraph_text": "Jean Lee (10 December 1919 – 19 February 1951) was an Australian woman, convicted of murder, and notable as the last woman to be executed in Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Chester La Follette", "paragraph_text": "Robert Chester La Follette (March 31, 1897 in Pullman, Washington – May 24, 1993 in White Plains, New York), was an American painter. His portrait of his cousin Senator Robert M. La Follette, Sr. hangs in the Senate Reception Room of the United States Capitol. Allyn Cox supervised the placement of the painting in the United States Capitol.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Capital punishment in Canada", "paragraph_text": "Capital punishment in Canada dates back to Canada's earliest history, including its period as a French colony and, after 1763, its time as a British colony. From 1867 to the elimination of the death penalty for murder on July 14, 1976, 1,481 people had been sentenced to death, and 710 had been executed. Of those executed, 697 were men and 13 were women. The only method used in Canada for capital punishment of civilians after the end of the French regime was hanging. The last execution in Canada was the double hanging of Arthur Lucas and Ronald Turpin on December 11, 1962, at Toronto's Don Jail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "My Woman, My Woman, My Wife", "paragraph_text": "``My Woman, My Woman, My Wife ''is a song written and recorded by American country artist Marty Robbins. It was released in January 1970 as the first single and title track from the album My Woman, My Woman, My Wife. The song was Robbins' 14th number one on the country chart. The single spent a single week at number one and spent a total of 15 weeks on the country charts. The song won the Grammy Award for Best Country Song in 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "paragraph_text": "Reporters Without Borders organised several symbolic protests, including scaling the Eiffel Tower to hang a protest banner from it, and hanging an identical banner from the Notre Dame cathedral.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Hang in Long Enough", "paragraph_text": "\"Hang in Long Enough\" is a single performed by Phil Collins and released in 1990 from the album \"...But Seriously\". It was the sixth and last single from the album. The song was a moderate hit, reaching the #23 spot on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and #34 on the UK Singles Chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ruth Ellis", "paragraph_text": "Ruth Ellis (9 October 1926 -- 13 July 1955) was a British model and nightclub hostess. She was the last woman to be hanged in the United Kingdom, after being convicted of the murder of her lover, David Blakely.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Wilhelm Frick", "paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Frick (12 March 1877 – 16 October 1946) was a prominent German politician of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), who served as Reich Minister of the Interior in the Hitler Cabinet from 1933 to 1943 and as the last governor of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. After World War II, he was tried and convicted of war crimes at the Nuremberg Trials and executed by hanging.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Get Yer Ya-Ya's Out! The Rolling Stones in Concert", "paragraph_text": "Some of the performances, as well as one of the two photography sessions for the album cover featuring Charlie Watts and a donkey, are depicted in the documentary film Gimme Shelter, and shows Jagger and Watts on a road in Birmingham, Alabama in early December 1969 posing with the donkey. The actual cover photo however was taken in early February 1970 in London, and does not originate from the 1969 session. The photo by David Bailey, featuring Watts with guitars and bass drums hanging from the neck of a donkey, was inspired by a line in Bob Dylan's song, ``Visions of Johanna '':`` Jewels and binoculars hang from the head of the mule'' (though, as mentioned, the animal in the photo is a donkey, not a mule). The band would later say ``we originally wanted an elephant but settled for a donkey ''. Watts said that his wardrobe (which includes a t - shirt with a picture of woman's breasts) was his usual stage getup along with Jagger's striped hat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Capital punishment in Ireland", "paragraph_text": "The only woman executed after independence was Annie Walsh in 1925. She and her nephew blamed each other for the murder of her elderly husband. The press expected only the nephew to be found guilty, but both were. She was hanged aged 31 in spite of the jury recommending clemency.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Don't Let Me Be the Last to Know", "paragraph_text": "\"Don't Let Me Be the Last to Know\" is a song recorded by American singer Britney Spears for her second studio album, Oops!... I Did It Again (2000). It was released on January 15, 2001, by Jive Records as the fourth and final single from the album. After meeting with producer Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange in Switzerland, Spears recorded several songs for the album, including \"Don't Let Me Be the Last to Know\", which she considered one of her favorites on the album. Additional lyrics were written by guitar player Keith Scott and country pop singer Shania Twain. The teen pop ballad speaks of a woman wanting to hear her boyfriend say that he needs loves her, and is sonically similar to David Bowie and Iggy Pop's song \"China Girl\" (1983).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104387, "question": "Which country is Robert Fausset from?", "answer": "Ireland", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 58554, "question": "who was the last woman to be hanged in #1", "answer": "Annie Walsh", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Birth control movement in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Birth control practices were generally adopted earlier in Europe than in the United States. Knowlton's book was reprinted in 1877 in England by Charles Bradlaugh and Annie Besant, with the goal of challenging Britain's obscenity laws. They were arrested (and later acquitted) but the publicity of their trial contributed to the formation, in 1877, of the Malthusian League -- the world's first birth control advocacy group -- which sought to limit population growth to avoid Thomas Malthus's dire predictions of exponential population growth leading to worldwide poverty and famine. By 1930, similar societies had been established in nearly all European countries, and birth control began to find acceptance in most Western European countries, except Catholic Ireland, Spain, and France. As the birth control societies spread across Europe, so did birth control clinics. The first birth control clinic in the world was established in the Netherlands in 1882, run by the Netherlands' first female physician, Aletta Jacobs. The first birth control clinic in England was established in 1921 by Marie Stopes, in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 census recorded that 2,998,264 people or 36.7% of London's population are foreign-born making London the city with the second largest immigrant population, behind New York City, in terms of absolute numbers. The table to the right shows the most common countries of birth of London residents. Note that some of the German-born population, in 18th position, are British citizens from birth born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. With increasing industrialisation, London's population grew rapidly throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, and it was for some time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the most populous city in the world. Its population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 immediately before the outbreak of the Second World War, but had declined to 7,192,091 at the 2001 Census. However, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Qiu Xigui", "paragraph_text": "Qiu Xigui (; born 13July 1935) is a Chinese historian, palaeographer, and professor of Fudan University. His book \"Chinese Writing\" is considered the \"single most influential study of Chinese palaeography\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "In 2005, the constitution was put into effect. There is still much debate in the country about the constitutional reforms. From the early seventies, there was active resistance to the royal hegemony. Despite complaints from progressive formations, support for the monarchy and the current political system remains strong among the majority of the population.[citation needed] Submissions were made by citizens around the country to commissions, including the constitutional draft committee, indicating that they would prefer to maintain the current situation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gun violence in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Gun violence in the United States results in tens of thousands of deaths and injuries annually. In 2013, there were 73,505 nonfatal firearm injuries (23.2 injuries per 100,000 U.S. citizens), and 33,636 deaths due to ``injury by firearms ''(10.6 deaths per 100,000 U.S. citizens). These deaths consisted of 11,208 homicides, 21,175 suicides, 505 deaths due to accidental or negligent discharge of a firearm, and 281 deaths due to firearms use with`` undetermined intent''. Of the 2,596,993 total deaths in the US in 2013, 1.3% were related to firearms. The ownership and control of guns are among the most widely debated issues in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Direct democracy", "paragraph_text": "The earliest known direct democracy is said to be the Athenian democracy in the 5th century BC, although it was not an inclusive democracy: women, foreigners, and slaves were excluded from it. The main bodies in the Athenian democracy were the assembly, composed of male citizens; the boulê, composed of 500 citizens; and the law courts, composed of a massive number of jurors chosen by lot, with no judges. There were only about 30,000 male citizens, but several thousand of them were politically active in each year, and many of them quite regularly for years on end. The Athenian democracy was direct not only in the sense that decisions were made by the assembled people, but also in the sense that the people through the assembly, boulê, and law courts controlled the entire political process, and a large proportion of citizens were involved constantly in the public business. Modern democracies, being representative, not direct, do not resemble the Athenian system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "One-child policy", "paragraph_text": "The one - child policy, a part of the family planning policy, was a population planning policy of China. It was introduced in 1979 and began to be formally phased out near the end of 2015 and the beginning of 2016. The policy was only enforced on Han Chinese and allowed exceptions for many groups, including ethnic minorities. In 2007, 36% of China's population was subject to a strict one - child restriction, with an additional 53% being allowed to have a second child if the first child was a girl. Provincial governments imposed fines for violations, and the local and national governments created commissions to raise awareness and carry out registration and inspection work.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Parliament of India", "paragraph_text": "Lok Sabha (House of the People) or the lower house has 545 members. 543 members are directly elected by citizens of India on the basis of universal adult franchise representing Parliamentary constituencies across the country and 2 members are appointed by the President of India from the Anglo-Indian Community. Every citizen of India who is over 18 years of age, irrespective of gender, caste, religion, or race and is otherwise not disqualified, is eligible to vote for the Lok Sabha. The Constitution provides that the maximum strength of the House be 552 members. It has a term of five years. To be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India and must be 25 years of age or older, mentally sound, should not be bankrupt, and should not be criminally convicted. The total elective membership is distributed among the states in such a way that the ratio between the number of seats allotted to each state and the population of the state is, so far as practicable, the same for all states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "The population of Israel, as defined by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, was estimated in 2016 to be 8,476,600 people. It is the world's only Jewish-majority state, with 6,345,400 citizens, or 74.9%, being designated as Jewish. The country's second largest group of citizens are denoted as Arabs, numbering 1,760,400 people (including the Druze and most East Jerusalem Arabs). The great majority of Israeli Arabs are Sunni Muslims, with smaller but significant numbers of semi-settled Negev Bedouins; the rest are Christians and Druze. Other far smaller minorities include Maronites, Samaritans, Dom people and Roma, Black Hebrew Israelites, other Sub-Saharan Africans, Armenians, Circassians, Vietnamese boat people, and others. Israel also hosts a significant population of non-citizen foreign workers and asylum seekers from Africa and Asia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Qiu Shihua", "paragraph_text": "Qiu Shihua (Chinese: 邱世华) is a notable Chinese landscape painter born 1940 in Zizhong, Sichuan Province, China. He lives and works in Beijing and Shenzhen.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Athenian democracy", "paragraph_text": "It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen i.e. neither a foreign resident, slave or a woman and the number of these ``varied between 30,000 and 50,000 out of a total population of around 250,000 to 300,000 ''or`` no more than 30 percent of the total adult population.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "In 2012, resident foreigners made up 23.3% of the population. Most of these (64%) were from European Union or EFTA countries. Italians were the largest single group of foreigners with 15.6% of total foreign population. They were closely followed by Germans (15.2%), immigrants from Portugal (12.7%), France (5.6%), Serbia (5.3%), Turkey (3.8%), Spain (3.7%), and Austria (2%). Immigrants from Sri Lanka, most of them former Tamil refugees, were the largest group among people of Asian origin (6.3%). Additionally, the figures from 2012 show that 34.7% of the permanent resident population aged 15 or over in Switzerland, i.e. 2,335,000 persons, had an immigrant background. A third of this population (853,000) held Swiss citizenship. Four fifths of persons with an immigration background were themselves immigrants (first generation foreigners and native-born and naturalised Swiss citizens), whereas one fifth were born in Switzerland (second generation foreigners and native-born and naturalised Swiss citizens). In the 2000s, domestic and international institutions expressed concern about what they perceived as an increase in xenophobia, particularly in some political campaigns. In reply to one critical report the Federal Council noted that \"racism unfortunately is present in Switzerland\", but stated that the high proportion of foreign citizens in the country, as well as the generally unproblematic integration of foreigners\", underlined Switzerland's openness.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Athenian democracy", "paragraph_text": "It was a system of direct democracy, in which participating citizens voted directly on legislation and executive bills. Participation was not open to all residents: to vote one had to be an adult, male citizen, i.e., not a foreign resident, a slave or a woman, and the number of these was ``probably no more than 30 percent of the total adult population. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_text": "In 1768 Russian-backed Ukrainian Haidamaks, pursuing Polish confederates, entered Balta, an Ottoman-controlled town on the border of Bessarabia in Ukraine, and massacred its citizens and burned the town to the ground. This action provoked the Ottoman Empire into the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774. The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca of 1774 ended the war and provided freedom to worship for the Christian citizens of the Ottoman-controlled provinces of Wallachia and Moldavia. By the late 18th century, a number of defeats in several wars with Russia led some people in the Ottoman Empire to conclude that the reforms of Peter the Great had given the Russians an edge, and the Ottomans would have to keep up with Western technology in order to avoid further defeats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Norfolk Island", "paragraph_text": "The island is subject to separate immigration controls from the remainder of Australia. Until recently immigration to Norfolk Island even by other Australian citizens was heavily restricted. In 2012, immigration controls were relaxed with the introduction of an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens upon arrival and the option to apply for residency; the only criteria are to pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme. From 1 July 2016, the Australian migration system will replace the immigration arrangements currently maintained by the Norfolk Island Government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "Around 3.8 million people work in Switzerland; about 25% of employees belonged to a trade union in 2004. Switzerland has a more flexible job market than neighbouring countries and the unemployment rate is very low. The unemployment rate increased from a low of 1.7% in June 2000 to a peak of 4.4% in December 2009. The unemployment rate is 3.2% in 2014. Population growth from net immigration is quite high, at 0.52% of population in 2004. The foreign citizen population was 21.8% in 2004, about the same as in Australia. GDP per hour worked is the world's 16th highest, at 49.46 international dollars in 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador", "paragraph_text": "By 1620, the fishermen of England's West Country controlled most of Newfoundland's east coast. In 1627, William Payne, called St. John's \"the principal prime and chief lot in all the whole country\". The population grew slowly in the 17th century and St. John's was the largest settlement in Newfoundland when English naval officers began to take censuses around 1675. The population would grow in the summers with the arrival of migratory fishermen. In 1680, fishing ships (mostly from South Devon) set up fishing rooms at St. John's, bringing hundreds of Irish men into the port to operate inshore fishing boats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "French passport", "paragraph_text": "French citizens can live and work in any country within the EU as a result of the right of free movement and residence granted in Article 21 of the EU Treaty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of New Zealand. As of 1 January 2017, New Zealand citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the New Zealand passport 5th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Irish and Japanese passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 104732, "question": "Which country's citizen was Qiu Shihua?", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 84074, "question": "what did #1 do to control its population", "answer": "The one - child policy,", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy", "paragraph_text": "The \"Jyllands-Posten\" Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis) (Danish: \"Muhammedkrisen\") began after the Danish newspaper \"Jyllands-Posten\" published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam. The newspaper announced that this was an attempt to contribute to the debate about criticism of Islam and self-censorship. Muslim groups in Denmark complained, and the issue eventually led to protests around the world, including violent demonstrations and riots in some Muslim countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sahara", "paragraph_text": "The Byzantine Empire ruled the northern shores of the Sahara from the 5th to the 7th centuries. After the Muslim conquest of Arabia (Arabian peninsula) the Muslim conquest of North Africa began in the mid-7th to early 8th centuries, Islamic influence expanded rapidly on the Sahara. By the end of 641 all of Egypt was in Muslim hands. The trade across the desert intensified. A significant slave trade crossed the desert. It has been estimated that from the 10th to 19th centuries some 6,000 to 7,000 slaves were transported north each year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Islamic calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Islamic, Muslim, or Hijri calendar (Arabic: التقويم الهجري ‎ at - taqwīm al - hijrī) is a lunar calendar consisting of 12 months in a year of 354 or 355 days. It is used (often alongside the Gregorian calendar) to date events in many Muslim countries. It is also used by Muslims to determine the proper days of Islamic holidays and rituals, such as the annual period of fasting and the proper time for the pilgrimage to Mecca.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Islam by country", "paragraph_text": "The country with the single largest population of Muslims is Indonesia in Southeast Asia, which on its own hosts 13% of the world's Muslims. Together, the Muslims in the countries of the Malay Archipelago (which includes Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines and East Timor) constitute the world's second or third largest population of Muslims. Here Muslims are majorities in each country other than Singapore, the Philippines, and East Timor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Steven Kull", "paragraph_text": "Kull began intensive study of public opinion in the Muslim world in 2006, conducting focus groups in six majority-Muslim nations and polls in eleven countries, of which the result is \"Feeling Betrayed\", his book on Muslim attitudes toward the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "The Muslim minority in Thrace, which amounts to approximately 0.95% of the total population, consists of speakers of Turkish, Bulgarian (Pomaks) and Romani. Romani is also spoken by Christian Roma in other parts of the country. Further minority languages have traditionally been spoken by regional population groups in various parts of the country. Their use has decreased radically in the course of the 20th century through assimilation with the Greek-speaking majority. Today they are only maintained by the older generations and are on the verge of extinction. This goes for the Arvanites, an Albanian-speaking group mostly located in the rural areas around the capital Athens, and for the Aromanians and Moglenites, also known as Vlachs, whose language is closely related to Romanian and who used to live scattered across several areas of mountainous central Greece. Members of these groups ethnically identify as Greeks and are today all at least bilingual in Greek.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Yuan dynasty", "paragraph_text": "Despite the high position given to Muslims, some policies of the Yuan Emperors severely discriminated against them, restricting Halal slaughter and other Islamic practices like circumcision, as well as Kosher butchering for Jews, forcing them to eat food the Mongol way. Toward the end, corruption and the persecution became so severe that Muslim generals joined Han Chinese in rebelling against the Mongols. The Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang had Muslim generals like Lan Yu who rebelled against the Mongols and defeated them in combat. Some Muslim communities had a Chinese surname which meant \"barracks\" and could also mean \"thanks\". Many Hui Muslims claim this is because that they played an important role in overthrowing the Mongols and it was given in thanks by the Han Chinese for assisting them. During the war fighting the Mongols, among the Ming Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang's armies was the Hui Muslim Feng Sheng. The Muslims in the semu class also revolted against the Yuan dynasty in the Ispah Rebellion but the rebellion was crushed and the Muslims were massacred by the Yuan loyalist commander Chen Youding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "The crusades were intended to seize Jerusalem from Muslim control. The First Crusade was proclaimed by Pope Urban II (pope 1088–99) at the Council of Clermont in 1095 in response to a request from the Byzantine Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118) for aid against further Muslim advances. Urban promised indulgence to anyone who took part. Tens of thousands of people from all levels of society mobilised across Europe and captured Jerusalem in 1099. One feature of the crusades was the pogroms against local Jews that often took place as the crusaders left their countries for the East. These were especially brutal during the First Crusade, when the Jewish communities in Cologne, Mainz, and Worms were destroyed, and other communities in cities between the rivers Seine and Rhine suffered destruction. Another outgrowth of the crusades was the foundation of a new type of monastic order, the military orders of the Templars and Hospitallers, which fused monastic life with military service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Islamism", "paragraph_text": "While studying law and philosophy in England and Germany, Iqbal became a member of the London branch of the All India Muslim League. He came back to Lahore in 1908. While dividing his time between law practice and philosophical poetry, Iqbal had remained active in the Muslim League. He did not support Indian involvement in World War I and remained in close touch with Muslim political leaders such as Muhammad Ali Johar and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was a critic of the mainstream Indian nationalist and secularist Indian National Congress. Iqbal's seven English lectures were published by Oxford University press in 1934 in a book titled The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. These lectures dwell on the role of Islam as a religion as well as a political and legal philosophy in the modern age.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "Muslims have been living in Tibet since as early as the 8th or 9th century. In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries. Islamic influence in Tibet also came from Persia. After 1959 a group of Tibetan Muslims made a case for Indian nationality based on their historic roots to Kashmir and the Indian government declared all Tibetan Muslims Indian citizens later on that year. Other Muslim ethnic groups who have long inhabited Tibet include Hui, Salar, Dongxiang and Bonan. There is also a well established Chinese Muslim community (gya kachee), which traces its ancestry back to the Hui ethnic group of China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Marmaduke Pickthall", "paragraph_text": "Pickthall travelled across many Eastern countries, gaining a reputation as a Middle-Eastern scholar. Before declaring his faith as a Muslim, Pickthall was a strong ally of the Ottoman Empire. He studied the Orient, and published articles and novels on the subject. While in the service of the Nizam of Hyderabad, Pickthall published his English translation of the Qur'an with the title The Meaning of the Glorious Koran. The translation was authorized by the Al-Azhar University and the Times Literary Supplement praised his efforts by writing \"noted translator of the glorious Quran into English language, a great literary achievement.\"When a propaganda campaign was launched in the United Kingdom in 1915 over the massacres of Armenians, Pickthall rose to challenge it and argued that the blame could not be placed on the Turkish government entirely. At a time when Muslims in London had been co-opted by the Foreign Office to provide propaganda services in support of Britain's war against Turkey, Pickthall's stand was considered courageous given the wartime climate. When British Muslims were asked to decide whether they were loyal to the Allies (Britain and France) or the Central Powers (Germany and Turkey), Pickthall said he was ready to be a combatant for his country so long as he did not have to fight the Turks. He was conscripted in the last months of the war and became corporal in charge of an influenza isolation hospital.In 1920 he went to India with his wife to serve as editor of the Bombay Chronicle, returning to England only in 1935, a year before his death at St Ives, Cornwall. It was in India that he completed his famous translation, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "In some Muslim countries DST is temporarily abandoned during Ramadan (the month when no food should be eaten between sunrise and sunset), since the DST would delay the evening dinner. Ramadan took place in July and August in 2012. This concerns at least Morocco and Palestine, although Iran keeps DST during Ramadan. Most Muslim countries do not use DST, partially for this reason.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Aahat", "paragraph_text": "Aahat (English: \"An approaching sound\") is an Indian thriller/horror television anthology series created by B. P. Singh for Sony Entertainment Television. The series premiered on 12 October 1995. The episodes of first, second and fifth seasons were half-hourly, while episodes of third, fourth and sixth seasons were one-hourly. Om Puri, Mandira Bedi, Tom Alter, Ashutosh Rana, Shivaji Satham, Virendra Saxena have starred in the show. Canadian actor, Remi Kaler also worked in the series in 1999 and 2000. The sixth season premiered on Wednesday, 18 February 2015, starring Shakti Anand and ended on 4 August 2015.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Plymouth", "paragraph_text": "The University of St Mark & St John (known as \"Marjon\" or \"Marjons\") specialises in teacher training, and offers training across the country and abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "History of India", "paragraph_text": "Like other settled, agrarian societies in history, those in the Indian subcontinent have been attacked by nomadic tribes throughout its long history. In evaluating the impact of Islam on the sub-continent, one must note that the northwestern sub-continent was a frequent target of tribes raiding from Central Asia. In that sense, the Muslim intrusions and later Muslim invasions were not dissimilar to those of the earlier invasions during the 1st millennium. What does however, make the Muslim intrusions and later Muslim invasions different is that unlike the preceding invaders who assimilated into the prevalent social system, the successful Muslim conquerors retained their Islamic identity and created new legal and administrative systems that challenged and usually in many cases superseded the existing systems of social conduct and ethics, even influencing the non-Muslim rivals and common masses to a large extent, though non-Muslim population was left to their own laws and customs. They also introduced new cultural codes that in some ways were very different from the existing cultural codes. This led to the rise of a new Indian culture which was mixed in nature, though different from both the ancient Indian culture and later westernized modern Indian culture. At the same time it must be noted that overwhelming majority of Muslims in India are Indian natives converted to Islam. This factor also played an important role in the synthesis of cultures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Palermo", "paragraph_text": "The Muslims took control of the Island in 904, after decades of fierce fighting, and the Emirate of Sicily was established. Muslim rule on the island lasted for about 120 years and was marked by cruelty and brutality against the native population, which was reduced into near slavery[clarification needed] and Christian churches across the island were all completely destroyed.[page needed] Palermo (Balarm during Arab rule) displaced Syracuse as the capital city of Sicily. It was said to have then begun to compete with Córdoba and Cairo in terms of importance and splendor. For more than one hundred years Palermo was the capital of a flourishing emirate. The Arabs also introduced many agricultural crops which remain a mainstay of Sicilian cuisine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Islam in India", "paragraph_text": "Islam (Arabic: الإسلام) is the second-largest religion in India, with 14.2% of the country's population or approx. 200 million people identifying as adherents of Islam (2018 estimate). It makes India the country with the largest Muslim population outside Muslim-majority countries. The majority of Indian Muslims belong to the Sunni sect of Islam. The religion first arrived at the western coast of India when Arab traders as early as the 7th century CE came to coastal Malabar and Konkan-Gujarat. Cheraman Juma Mosque in Kerala is thought to be the first mosque in India, built in 629 CE by Malik Deenar. Following an expedition by the governor of Bahrain to Bharuch in the 7th century CE, immigrant Arab and Persian trading communities from South Arabia and the Persian Gulf began settling in coastal Gujarat. Ismaili Shia Islam was introduced to Gujarat in the second half of the 11th century, when Fatimid Imam Al-Mustansir Billah sent missionaries to Gujarat in 467 AH/1073 CE. Islam arrived in North India in the 12th century via the Turkic invasions and has since become a part of India's religious and cultural heritage. Over the centuries, there has been significant integration of Hindu and Muslim cultures across India and Muslims have played a notable role in economics, politics, and culture of India.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "Jews also spread across Europe during the period. Communities were established in Germany and England in the 11th and 12th centuries, but Spanish Jews, long settled in Spain under the Muslims, came under Christian rule and increasing pressure to convert to Christianity. Most Jews were confined to the cities, as they were not allowed to own land or be peasants.[U] Besides the Jews, there were other non-Christians on the edges of Europe—pagan Slavs in Eastern Europe and Muslims in Southern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Religion in Saudi Arabia", "paragraph_text": "The official form of Islam is Sunni of the Hanbali school, in its Salafi version. According to official statistics, 75–85% of Saudi Arabian citizens are Sunni Muslims, 10–15% are Shia. (More than 30% of the population is made up of foreign workers who are predominantly but not entirely Muslim.) It is unknown how many Ahmadis there are in the country. The two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are in Saudi Arabia. For many reasons, non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the holy cities although some Western non-Muslims have been able to enter, disguised as Muslims.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Islam in Guam", "paragraph_text": "The presence of Islam in Guam is quite small, centered on the island's only mosque, the Masjid Al-Noor in Mangilao. Muslims in Guam are from a wide variety of backgrounds, both originating in traditionally Muslim countries, as well as Chamorro converts and mainland Americans.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107152, "question": "Which was the country for Aahat?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 158615, "question": "What are the roles of Muslims across #1 ?", "answer": "economics, politics, and culture of India", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[ "India", "IND", "in", "IN" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ice hockey at the 1980 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, U.S.A., was the 14th Olympic Championship. Twelve teams competed in the tournament, which was held from February 12 to 24. The United States won its second gold medal, including a win over the heavily favored Soviet Union that became known as the ``Miracle on Ice ''. Games were held at the Olympic Arena and the Olympic Fieldhouse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Athletics at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres", "paragraph_text": "The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1948 Olympic Games in London, England, we held at Wembley Stadium on 30 and 31 July. The final was won by American Harrison Dillard, in a photo finish. This was the first time a photo finish camera was used at an Olympic Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Winter Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The Olympic Winter Games (official name) (French: Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practised on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France. The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating). The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948. Until 1992 the Winter and Summer Olympic Games were held in the same years, but in accordance with a 1986 decision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to place the Summer and Winter Games on separate four - year cycles in alternating even - numbered years, the next Winter Olympics after 1992 was in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (Korean: 제 23 회동계올림픽, translit. Jeisipsamhoe Donggye Ollimpik) and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, was a major multi-sport event held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on 8 February 2018, the eve of the opening ceremony. Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This marks the first time South Korea has hosted the Winter Olympics, and the second time the Olympic games have been held in the country, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It also marks the third time East Asia has hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo, Japan (1972), and Nagano, Japan (1998), and the sixth overall Olympic Games held in East Asia. It was the first of three consecutive Olympic Games to be held in East Asia, preceding Tokyo 2020 (Summer) and Beijing 2022 (Winter).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ice hockey at the Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "Ice hockey tournaments have been staged at the Olympic Games since 1920. The men's tournament was introduced at the 1920 Summer Olympics and was transferred permanently to the Winter Olympic Games program in 1924, in France. The women's tournament was first held at the 1998 Winter Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ancient Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The ancient Olympics had fewer events than the modern games, and only freeborn Greek men were allowed to participate, although there were victorious women chariot owners. As long as they met the entrance criteria, athletes from any Greek city - state and kingdom were allowed to participate, although the Hellanodikai, the officials in charge, allowed king Alexander I of Macedon to participate in the games only after he had proven his Greek ancestry. The games were always held at Olympia rather than moving between different locations as is the practice with the modern Olympic Games. Victors at the Olympics were honored, and their feats chronicled for future generations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Baseball at the 2000 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Baseball at the 2000 Summer Olympics was the third time an Olympic baseball tournament had been held as a full medal sport, and the ninth time it had been part of the Summer Olympic Games in any capacity. It was held in Sydney, Australia from 17 September through to the bronze and gold medal games on 27 September. Two venues were used for the Games: the Sydney Baseball Stadium and Blacktown Olympic Park. For the first time in Olympic competition, professional baseball players were eligible to participate, though no active players from Major League Baseball were available.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Athletics at the 1952 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres", "paragraph_text": "The men's 100 metres sprint event at the 1952 Olympic Games in Helsinki, Finland was held at the Olympic Stadium on 20 and 21 July. The final was won by American Lindy Remigino.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas is a video game developed by n-Space and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation in 2000. It is a sequel to \"Die Hard Trilogy\", which was based on the \"Die Hard\" series of action movies. Like its predecessor, the game features three distinct genres; a third-person shooter, a light gun game, and an action driving game. However, unlike \"Die Hard Trilogy\", which featured three separate storylines based on the first three \"Die Hard\" films, \"Die Hard Trilogy 2\" features a single original storyline that alternates between the three genres throughout the levels.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "On 10 February 2010, the 122nd IOC session at Vancouver announced Nanjing as the host city for the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games. The slogan of the 2014 Youth Olympic Games was “Share the Games, Share our Dreams”. The Nanjing 2014 Youth Olympic Games featured all 28 sports on the Olympic programme and were held from 16 to 28 August. The Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Organising Committee (NYOGOC) worked together with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to attract the best young athletes from around the world to compete at the highest level. Off the competition fields, an integrated culture and education programme focused on discussions about education, Olympic values, social challenges, and cultural diversity. The YOG aims to spread the Olympic spirit and encourage sports participation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the world's foremost sports competition with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Baseball at the 1984 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Baseball at the 1984 Summer Olympics was a demonstration sport. Although single exhibition games had been played in conjunction with five previous Olympics, it was the first time that the sport was officially included in the program, and also the first time that the sport was played in Olympics held in the United States. Eight teams competed in Los Angeles, California in the tournament. Games were held at Dodger Stadium. Cuba, after winning the gold medal at the 1983 Pan American Games, was to participate, but did not as a result of the Soviet-led boycott.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's underwater swimming", "paragraph_text": "The men's underwater swimming was an event on the Swimming at the 1900 Summer Olympics schedule in Paris. The 1900 Games were the only occasion such an event was held. It was held on 12 August 1900. 14 swimmers from 4 nations competed. It was not featured at later Olympic games because of lack of spectator appeal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Basque pelota at the 1924 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Basque Pelota was a demonstration sport at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was the second time that the sport was included in the Olympic program; it was an official Olympic sport at the 1900 Games that were also held in Paris. It would be included as a demonstration in another two occasions at the 1968 Games in Mexico City and the 1992 Games in Barcelona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (Korean: 제 23 회동계올림픽, translit. Jeisipsamhoe Donggye Ollimpik) and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, was an international winter multi-sport event held between 9 and 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, Gangwon Province, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on 8 February 2018, the eve of the opening ceremony. Pyeongchang was elected as the host city in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. This was the first time that South Korea had hosted the Winter Olympics and the second Olympics held in the country overall, after the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. It was the third time that an East Asian country had hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo (1972) and Nagano (1998), both in Japan. It was also the first of three consecutive Olympics to be held in East Asia, the other two being the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo and the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2008 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Summer Olympic Games, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad (Chinese: 第二十九届夏季奥林匹克运动会; pinyin: Dì Èrshíjiǔ Jiè Xiàjì Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì) and commonly known as Beijing 2008, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 8 to 24 August 2008 in Beijing, China. A total of 10,942 athletes from 204 National Olympic Committees (NOCs) competed in 28 sports and 302 events (one event more than those scheduled for the 2004 Games). This was the first time that China had hosted the Summer Olympics, but the third time that the Games had been held in East Asia, following the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, and the 1988 Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Diving at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Women's 3 metre springboard", "paragraph_text": "The women's 3 metre springboard was presented to the Olympic Games for the first time as one of five diving events on the diving at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. The competition was held on Monday, August 29, 1920.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne is notable as the host city for the 1956 Summer Olympic Games (the first Olympic Games held in the southern hemisphere and Oceania, with all previous games held in Europe and the United States), along with the 2006 Commonwealth Games. Melbourne is so far the southernmost city to host the games. The city is home to three major annual international sporting events: the Australian Open (one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments); the Melbourne Cup (horse racing); and the Australian Grand Prix (Formula One). Also, the Australian Masters golf tournament is held at Melbourne since 1979, having been co-sanctioned by the European Tour from 2006 to 2009. Melbourne was proclaimed the \"World's Ultimate Sports City\", in 2006, 2008 and 2010. The city is home to the National Sports Museum, which until 2003 was located outside the members pavilion at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. It reopened in 2008 in the Olympic Stand.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Youth Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The Youth Olympic Games (YOG) is an international multi-sport event organized by the International Olympic Committee. The games are held every four years in staggered summer and winter events consistent with the current Olympic Games format, though in reverse order with Winter Games held in leap years instead of Summer Games. The first summer version was held in Singapore from 14 to 26 August 2010 while the first winter version was held in Innsbruck, Austria from 13 to 22 January 2012. The age limitation of the athletes is 14 to 18. The idea of such an event was introduced by Johann Rosenzopf from Austria in 1998. On 6 July 2007, International Olympic Committee (IOC) members at the 119th IOC session in Guatemala City approved the creation of a youth version of the Olympic Games, with the intention of sharing the costs of hosting the event between the IOC and the host city, whereas the traveling costs of athletes and coaches were to be paid by the IOC. These Games will also feature cultural exchange programs and opportunities for participants to meet Olympic athletes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XXIII Olympic Winter Games (Korean: 제 23 회동계올림픽, translit. Jeisipsamhoe Donggye Ollimpik), officially stylized and commonly known as PyeongChang 2018, is an international multi-sport event currently being held from 9 to 25 February 2018 in Pyeongchang County, South Korea, with the opening rounds for certain events held on the eve of the opening ceremony -- 8 February 2018. Pyeongchang was elected as the host in July 2011, during the 123rd IOC Session in Durban, South Africa. It marks the first time South Korea has hosted the Winter Olympics, and the second Olympics in the country overall after the 1988 Summer Olympics in the nation's capital, Seoul. It also marks the third time East Asia has hosted the Winter Games, after Sapporo, Japan (1972), and Nagano, Japan (1998), and the sixth overall Olympic Games held in East Asia. It is the first of three consecutive Olympic Games scheduled to be held in East Asia, preceding Tokyo 2020 (Summer) and Beijing 2022 (Winter).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145625, "question": "At what location did Isaac Peral die?", "answer": "Berlin", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 77801, "question": "when were the olympic games held in #1", "answer": "1936 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Oil refinery", "paragraph_text": "Many governments worldwide have mandated restrictions on contaminants that refineries release, and most refineries have installed the equipment needed to comply with the requirements of the pertinent environmental protection regulatory agencies. In the United States, there is strong pressure to prevent the development of new refineries, and no major refinery has been built in the country since Marathon's Garyville, Louisiana facility in 1976. However, many existing refineries have been expanded during that time. Environmental restrictions and pressure to prevent construction of new refineries may have also contributed to rising fuel prices in the United States. Additionally, many refineries (more than 100 since the 1980s) have closed due to obsolescence and / or merger activity within the industry itself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts", "paragraph_text": "Since the partition of British India in 1947 and creation of modern states of India and Pakistan, the two South Asian countries have been involved in four wars, including one undeclared war, and many border skirmishes and military stand - offs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Sports in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The most popular team sports in the United States are American football, basketball, baseball / softball, ice hockey, and soccer (association football). All five of these team sports are popular with fans, are widely watched on television, have a fully professional league, are played by millions of Americans, enjoy varsity status at many Division I colleges, and are played in high schools throughout the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Government of India", "paragraph_text": "The Government of India (ISO: Bhārat Sarkār), often abbreviated as GoI, is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Near East", "paragraph_text": "The United States is the chief remaining nation to assign official responsibilities to a region called the Near East. Within the government the State Department has been most influential in promulgating the Near Eastern regional system. The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa and various forms of Asia. In many cases, such as France, no distinct regional substructures have been employed. Each country has its own French diplomatic apparatus, although regional terms, including Proche-Orient and Moyen-Orient, may be used in a descriptive sense. The most influential agencies in the United States still using Near East as a working concept are as follows.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ebola virus cases in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In December 2014, Ebola virus cases in the United States occurred due to four laboratory - confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease (commonly known as ``Ebola '') in the United States. Eleven cases have been reported, including these four cases and seven cases medically evacuated from other countries; the first was reported in September 2014. Nine of the people contracted the disease outside the US and traveled into the country, either as regular airline passengers or as medical evacuees; of those nine, two died. Two people have contracted Ebola in the United States. Both were nurses who treated an Ebola patient; both have recovered.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "Sanctions imposed by the United States and European countries against the former military government, coupled with boycotts and other direct pressure on corporations by supporters of the democracy movement, have resulted in the withdrawal from the country of most US and many European companies. On 13 April 2012 British Prime Minister David Cameron called for the economic sanctions on Myanmar to be suspended in the wake of the pro-democracy party gaining 43 seats out of a possible 45 in the 2012 by-elections with the party leader, Aung San Suu Kyi becoming a member of the Burmese parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "M&M's", "paragraph_text": "M&M's originated in the United States in 1941, and are now sold in as many as 100 countries. More than 400 million individual M&M's are produced every day in the United States. They are produced in different colors, some of which have changed over the years. The candy - coated chocolate concept was inspired by a method used to allow soldiers to carry chocolate without having it melt. The company's longest - lasting slogan reflects this: ``Melts in your mouth, not in your hand. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of Olympic medalists in basketball", "paragraph_text": "The United States is by far the most successful country in Olympic basketball, with United States men's teams having won 15 of 18 tournaments in which they participated, including seven consecutive titles from 1936 through 1968. United States women's teams have won 8 titles out of the 10 tournaments in which they competed, including six in a row from 1996 to 2016. Besides the United States, Argentina is the only nation still in existence who has won either the men's or women's tournament. The Soviet Union, Yugoslavia and the Unified Team are the countries no longer in existence who have won the tournament. The United States are the defending champions in both men's and women's tournaments. As of the 2016 Summer Olympics, 90 medals (30 of each color) have been awarded to teams from 20 National Olympic Committees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tornado climatology", "paragraph_text": "The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km2, although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ghee", "paragraph_text": "Ghee (Sanskrit: Ghṛta), is a class of clarified butter that originated in ancient India. It is commonly used in Middle Eastern cuisine, cuisine of the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asian cuisine, traditional medicine, and religious rituals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Rajasthan", "paragraph_text": "Rajasthani cooking was influenced by both the war-like lifestyles of its inhabitants and the availability of ingredients in this arid region. Food that could last for several days and could be eaten without heating was preferred. The scarcity of water and fresh green vegetables have all had their effect on the cooking. It is known for its snacks like Bikaneri Bhujia. Other famous dishes include bajre ki roti (millet bread) and lashun ki chutney (hot garlic paste), mawa kachori Mirchi Bada, Pyaaj Kachori and ghevar from Jodhpur, Alwar ka Mawa(Milk Cake), malpauas from Pushkar and rassgollas from Bikaner. Originating from the Marwar region of the state is the concept Marwari Bhojnalaya, or vegetarian restaurants, today found in many parts of India, which offer vegetarian food of the Marwari people. 4 Dal-Bati-Churma is very popular in Rajasthan. The traditional way to serve it is to first coarsely mash the Baati then pour pure Ghee on top of it. It is served with the daal (lentils) and spicy garlic chutney. Also served with Besan (gram flour) ki kadi. It is commonly served at all festivities, including religious occasions, wedding ceremonies, and birthday parties in Rajasthan. \"Dal-Baati-Churma\", is a combination of three different food items — Daal (lentils), Baati and Churma (Sweet). It is a typical Rajasthani dish.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "IHE Delft Institute for Water Education", "paragraph_text": "Since its inception in 1957, the Institute has provided postgraduate education to numerous professionals (engineers and scientists) almost entirely from developing/transitional countries, from over 190 countries. It has also graduated over 100 PhD candidates and executed numerous research and capacity development projects throughout the world. Many of the alumni have reached senior positions in their home countries upon return and remain key links in the global water network.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Some developing countries that had seen strong economic growth saw significant slowdowns. For example, growth forecasts in Cambodia show a fall from more than 10% in 2007 to close to zero in 2009, and Kenya may achieve only 3–4% growth in 2009, down from 7% in 2007. According to the research by the Overseas Development Institute, reductions in growth can be attributed to falls in trade, commodity prices, investment and remittances sent from migrant workers (which reached a record $251 billion in 2007, but have fallen in many countries since). This has stark implications and has led to a dramatic rise in the number of households living below the poverty line, be it 300,000 in Bangladesh or 230,000 in Ghana. Especially states with a fragile political system have to fear that investors from Western states withdraw their money because of the crisis. Bruno Wenn of the German DEG recommends to provide a sound economic policymaking and good governance to attract new investors", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Languages of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Many languages are spoken, or historically have been spoken, in the United States. Today over 500 languages are used by the U.S. population. The most commonly used language is English (specifically, American English), which is the de facto national language of the United States. Since the 1965 Immigration Act, Spanish is the second most common language in the country. The United States does not have an official language, but some state governments recognize specific languages. For instance, the state government of Louisiana offers services and documents in French, as does New Mexico in Spanish. There are many languages indigenous to North America or to U.S. states or holdings in the Pacific region. Hawaiian, although having few native speakers, is an official language along with English of the state of Hawaii. Alaska officializes English and twenty native languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of countries by gold production", "paragraph_text": "For many years until 2006, South Africa was the world's dominant gold producer, but recently other countries with large surface area have surpassed South Africa: China, Russia, Canada, the United States, Peru and Australia. Albeit, none of these countries have approached South Africa's peak production which occurred in the 1970s. Note the figures are for primary production. In the US, for example, for the years 2010 - 14, new and old scrap exceeded both primary production and reported domestic consumption.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Central African Republic", "paragraph_text": "There are many missionary groups operating in the country, including Lutherans, Baptists, Catholics, Grace Brethren, and Jehovah's Witnesses. While these missionaries are predominantly from the United States, France, Italy, and Spain, many are also from Nigeria, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and other African countries. Large numbers of missionaries left the country when fighting broke out between rebel and government forces in 2002–3, but many of them have now returned to continue their work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Political party", "paragraph_text": "While there is some international commonality in the way political parties are recognized, and in how they operate, there are often many differences, and some are significant. Many political parties have an ideological core, but some do not, and many represent very different ideologies than they did when first founded. In democracies, political parties are elected by the electorate to run a government. Many countries have numerous powerful political parties, such as Germany and India and some nations have one-party systems, such as China. The United States is a two-party system, with its two most powerful parties being the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Videotelephony", "paragraph_text": "VRS services have become well developed nationally in Sweden since 1997 and also in the United States since the first decade of the 2000s. With the exception of Sweden, VRS has been provided in Europe for only a few years since the mid-2000s, and as of 2010 has not been made available in many European Union countries, with most European countries still lacking the legislation or the financing for large-scale VRS services, and to provide the necessary telecommunication equipment to deaf users. Germany and the Nordic countries are among the other leaders in Europe, while the United States is another world leader in the provisioning of VRS services.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106923, "question": "What is the country Ghee is from?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 159769, "question": "How many states does #1 have?", "answer": "29", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Two airports serve Philadelphia: the Philadelphia International Airport (PHL), straddling the southern boundary of the city, and the Northeast Philadelphia Airport (PNE), a general aviation reliever airport in Northeast Philadelphia. Philadelphia International Airport provides scheduled domestic and international air service, while Northeast Philadelphia Airport serves general and corporate aviation. In 2013, Philadelphia International Airport was the 15th busiest airport in the world measured by traffic movements (i.e. takeoffs and landings). It is also the second largest hub and primary international hub for American Airlines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fukuoka Airport", "paragraph_text": "Fukuoka Airport is the principal airport on the island of Kyushu and is the fourth busiest passenger airport in Japan. As of 2017, the airport is the fourth busiest single-runway airport in the world by passenger traffic (after Mumbai, London–Gatwick and İstanbul-Sabiha Gökçen). The airport is surrounded by residential areas; flights stop at 10 p.m. at the request of local residents and resume operation at 7 a.m. The domestic terminal is connected to the city by the Fukuoka City Subway, and a subway from the airport to the business district takes less than ten minutes. The international terminal is only accessible by road, although there is scheduled bus service to Hakata Station and the Tenjin area. Alternatives to access the Fukuoka area include Saga Airport and Kitakyushu Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico City is served by Mexico City International Airport (IATA Airport Code: MEX). This airport is Latin America's second busiest and one of the largests in traffic, with daily flights to United States and Canada, mainland Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, South America, Europe and Asia. Aeroméxico (Skyteam) is based at this airport, and provide codeshare agreements with non-Mexican airlines that span the entire globe. In 2014, the airport handled well over 34 million passengers, just over 2 million more than the year before. This traffic exceeds the current capacity of the airport, which has historically centralized the majority of air traffic in the country. An alternate option is Lic. Adolfo López Mateos International Airport (IATA Airport Code: TLC) in nearby Toluca, State of Mexico, although due to several airlines' decisions to terminate service to TLC, the airport has seen a passenger drop to just over 700,000 passengers in 2014 from over 2.1 million passengers just four years prior.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "The primary city airport is George Bush Intercontinental Airport (IAH), the tenth-busiest in the United States for total passengers, and twenty eighth-busiest worldwide. Bush Intercontinental currently ranks fourth in the United States for non-stop domestic and international service with 182 destinations. In 2006, the United States Department of Transportation named IAH the fastest-growing of the top ten airports in the United States. The Houston Air Route Traffic Control Center stands on the George Bush Intercontinental Airport grounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the southwest of Delhi, is the main gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic. In 2012-13, the airport was used by more than 35 million passengers, making it one of the busiest airports in South Asia. Terminal 3, which cost ₹96.8 billion (US$1.4 billion) to construct between 2007 and 2010, handles an additional 37 million passengers annually.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Oklahoma City", "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma City is served by two primary airports, Will Rogers World Airport and the much smaller Wiley Post Airport (incidentally, the two honorees died in the same plane crash in Alaska) Will Rogers World Airport is the state's busiest commercial airport, with over 3.6 million passengers annually. Tinker Air Force Base, in southeast Oklahoma City, is the largest military air depot in the nation; a major maintenance and deployment facility for the Navy and the Air Force, and the second largest military institution in the state (after Fort Sill in Lawton).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma's largest commercial airport is Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City, averaging a yearly passenger count of more than 3.5 million (1.7 million boardings) in 2010. Tulsa International Airport, the state's second largest commercial airport, served more than 1.3 million boardings in 2010. Between the two, six airlines operate in Oklahoma. In terms of traffic, R. L. Jones Jr. (Riverside) Airport in Tulsa is the state's busiest airport, with 335,826 takeoffs and landings in 2008. In total, Oklahoma has over 150 public-use airports.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of busiest airports in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "The United Kingdom, an island country, is home to many of Europe's largest and busiest airports. London - Heathrow, which handles over 75 million international passengers annually, is the largest airport in the UK. London serves as the largest aviation hub in the world by passenger traffic, with six international airports, handling over 163 million passengers in 2016, more than any other city. London's second - busiest airport, London - Gatwick, was until 2016 the world's busiest single - runway airport. Manchester Airport is the United Kingdom's third - busiest airport. London - Stansted and London - Luton are the fourth - and fifth - busiest airports, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cleveland Hopkins International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (IATA: CLE, ICAO: KCLE, FAA LID: CLE) is a public airport located nine miles (14 km) southwest of the central business district of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States and adjacent to NASA's Glenn Research Center, one of NASA's ten major field centers. It is the primary airport serving Northeast Ohio, the largest and busiest airport in Ohio, and the 43rd busiest airport in the United States by passenger number. It is also the only airport in Ohio that offers nonstop transatlantic flights to Europe. Greater Cleveland is also served by Burke Lakefront Airport and Akron - Canton Regional Airport. Cleveland Hopkins and Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport together comprise the Cleveland Airport System, operated by the City of Cleveland's Department of Port Control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Casablanca", "paragraph_text": "Casablanca's main airport is Mohammed V International Airport, Morocco's busiest airport. Regular domestic flights serve Marrakech, Rabat, Agadir, Oujda, Tangier, Al Hoceima, and Laayoune, as well as other cities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mohammed V International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Mohammed V International Airport (; , ; Berber: ⴰⵣⴰⴳⵯⵣ ⴰⴳⵔⵖⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵙ5; ) is an international airport serving Casablanca, Morocco. Located in Nouaceur Province, it is operated by ONDA (). With just under 8 million passengers passing through the airport in 2014, it was the busiest airport in Morocco and the fourth busiest in Africa. In August 2014, ONDA reported a year-on-year increase of 7.28% passenger traffic, to 918,238. The airport serves as hub for Royal Air Maroc, Jetairfly, Air Arabia Maroc and RAM Express. It is named after King Mohammed V of Morocco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "During his annual state-of-the-nation address on September 2, 2014, President of Mexico Enrique Peña Nieto unveiled plans for a new international airport to ease the city's notorious air traffic congestion, tentatively slated for a 2018 opening. The new airport, which would have six runways, will cost $9.15 billion and would be built on vacant federal land east of Mexico City International Airport. Goals are to eventually handle 120 million passengers a year, which would make it the busiest airport in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport is the primary airport serving Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is located southeast of downtown Yinchuan in the town of Linghe of Lingwu City. A relatively small airport compared to many airports in China, it nevertheless is the autonomous region's main aviation gateway. Its name \"Hedong\" literally means \"East of the River\" and derives from the airport's location east of the Yellow River. It is connected to over 20 cities by either direct flights, or transferring in Xi'an and Beijing. The terminal building covers a total area of . In 2013, the airport handled 4,247,843 passengers, making it the 39th-busiest airport in China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Fountainhead", "paragraph_text": "After Cameron retires, Keating hires Roark, whom Francon soon fires for refusing to design a building in the classical style. Roark works briefly at another firm, then opens his own office but has trouble finding clients and closes it down. He gets a job in a granite quarry owned by Francon. There he meets Francon's daughter Dominique, a columnist for The New York Banner, while she is staying at her family's estate nearby. They are immediately attracted to each other, leading to a rough sexual encounter that Dominique later calls a rape. Shortly after, Roark is notified that a client is ready to start a new building, and he returns to New York. Dominique also returns to New York and learns Roark is an architect. She attacks his work in public, but visits him for secret sexual encounters.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Orly Airport, located in the southern suburbs of Paris, replaced Le Bourget as the principal airport of Paris from the 1950s to the 1980s. Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993. Today it is the 4th busiest airport in the world by international traffic, and is the hub for the nation's flag carrier Air France. Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located 69 km (43 mi) north of Paris' city centre, is used by charter airlines and low-cost carriers such as Ryanair.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "List of Guangzhou Metro stations", "paragraph_text": "Guangzhou Metro is the metro system that serves the city of Guangzhou in Guangdong Province of the People's Republic of China. It is operated by the state-owned Guangzhou Metro Corporation and was the fourth metro system to be built in mainland China. Having delivered 1.99 billion rides in 2013, it is one of the busiest metro systems in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Orlando International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Orlando International Airport (IATA: MCO, ICAO: KMCO, FAA LID: MCO) is a major public airport located six miles (10 km) southeast of Downtown Orlando, Florida, United States. In 2017, MCO handled 44,611,265 passengers, making it the busiest airport in the state of Florida and the eleventh - busiest airport in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or simply Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic, serving 4,305,744 passengers in 2017, and the 11th busiest airport by aircraft movements. It is a hub for passenger airlines Calm Air, Perimeter Airlines, Flair Airlines, and cargo airline Cargojet. It is also a focus city for WestJet. The airport is co-located with Canadian Forces Base Winnipeg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne has four airports. Melbourne Airport, at Tullamarine, is the city's main international and domestic gateway and second busiest in Australia. The airport is home base for passenger airlines Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority; and is a major hub for Qantas and Virgin Australia. Avalon Airport, located between Melbourne and Geelong, is a secondary hub of Jetstar. It is also used as a freight and maintenance facility. Buses and taxis are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports. Air Ambulance facilities are available for domestic and international transportation of patients. Melbourne also has a significant general aviation airport, Moorabbin Airport in the city's south east that also handles a small number of passenger flights. Essendon Airport, which was once the city's main airport also handles passenger flights, general aviation and some cargo flights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "New York's airspace is the busiest in the United States and one of the world's busiest air transportation corridors. The three busiest airports in the New York metropolitan area include John F. Kennedy International Airport, Newark Liberty International Airport, and LaGuardia Airport; 109 million travelers used these three airports in 2012, and the city's airspace is the busiest in the nation. JFK and Newark Liberty were the busiest and fourth busiest U.S. gateways for international air passengers, respectively, in 2012; as of 2011, JFK was the busiest airport for international passengers in North America. Plans have advanced to expand passenger volume at a fourth airport, Stewart International Airport near Newburgh, New York, by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. Plans were announced in July 2015 to entirely rebuild LaGuardia Airport in a multibillion-dollar project to replace its aging facilities.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 160945, "question": "What city does Roark return to?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 2170, "question": "What is the second busiest airport in the #1 metro area?", "answer": "Newark Liberty International Airport", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "At the federal level, Article Two of the United States Constitution states in Section 4 that ``The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors. ''The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeaching, while the United States Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments. The removal of impeached officials is automatic upon conviction in the Senate. In Nixon v. United States (1993), the Supreme Court determined that the federal judiciary can not review such proceedings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Casting vote", "paragraph_text": "While having the same right to vote as any member of the House, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, to maintain the appearance of impartiality, typically does not vote unless doing so would make a difference. This is, in effect, a casting vote.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Impeachment", "paragraph_text": "Similar to the British system, Article One of the United States Constitution gives the House of Representatives the sole power of impeachment and the Senate the sole power to try impeachments of officers of the U.S. national government. (Various state constitutions include similar measures, allowing the state legislature to impeach the governor or other officials of the state government.) In contrast to the British system, in the United States impeachment is only the first of two stages, and conviction during the second stage requires a two - thirds majority vote. Impeachment does not necessarily result in removal from office; it is only a legal statement of charges, parallel to an indictment in criminal law. An official who is impeached faces a second legislative vote (whether by the same body or another), which determines conviction, or failure to convict, on the charges embodied by the impeachment. Most constitutions require a supermajority to convict. Although the subject of the charge is criminal action, it does not constitute a criminal trial; the only question under consideration is the removal of the individual from office, and the possibility of a subsequent vote preventing the removed official from ever again holding political office in the jurisdiction where he or she was removed. Impeachment with respect to political office should not be confused with witness impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "NBA playoffs", "paragraph_text": "In September 2015, the NBA announced changes to the formula used to determine the format of the 2016 NBA Playoffs. The top eight teams in each conference (East and West), ranked in order by win - loss records, qualify for the playoffs. The tie - break criteria for playoff seeding and home - court advantage have also changed; head - to - head results between the tied teams is the first tie - breaker, and whether a team won its division championship is the second tie - breaker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Group H", "paragraph_text": "Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consisted of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams, Colombia and Japan, advanced to the round of 16. For the first time in World Cup history, the ``fair play ''rule was invoked to break a tie. Japan and Senegal finished with identical scores and goal differences to tie for second behind Colombia. Japan were awarded the place in the final 16 based on receiving fewer yellow cards in their three matches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tennis scoring system", "paragraph_text": "A set is won by the first side to win 6 games, with a margin of at least 2 games over the other side (e.g. 6 -- 3 or 7 -- 5). There is usually a tie - break if the set is tied at six games per player.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Impeachment proceedings may be commenced by a member of the House of Representatives on her or his own initiative, either by presenting a list of the charges under oath or by asking for referral to the appropriate committee. The impeachment process may be initiated by non-members. For example, when the Judicial Conference of the United States suggests a federal judge be impeached, a charge of actions constituting grounds for impeachment may come from a special prosecutor, the President, or state or territorial legislature, grand jury, or by petition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vice President of the United States", "paragraph_text": "No mention of an office of vice president was made at the 1787 Constitutional Convention until near the end, when an 11 - member committee on ``Leftover Business ''proposed a method of electing the president and vice president, and recommended that the vice president succeed the executive in the event of a vacancy in that position, but would otherwise serve as the president of the Senate, casting a vote only to break a tie. Although delegates approved establishing the office, with both its executive and senatorial functions, not many understood the extent of the vice president's duties. Only a few states had an analogous position. Among those that did, New York's constitution provided that,`` The lieutenant - governor shall, by virtue of his office, be president of the Senate, and, upon an equal division, have a casting voice in their decisions, but not vote on any other occasion.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "My House (Flo Rida song)", "paragraph_text": "``My House ''is a song by American recording artist Flo Rida from his 2015 EP of the same name. The song was released as the album's third official single on October 13, 2015 in the US. The song contains a sample from`` Impeach the President'' by The Honey Drippers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "United States Senate", "paragraph_text": "The House of Representatives has impeached sixteen officials, of whom seven were convicted. (One resigned before the Senate could complete the trial.) Only two presidents of the United States have ever been impeached: Andrew Johnson in 1868 and Bill Clinton in 1998. Both trials ended in acquittal; in Johnson's case, the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for conviction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The 85 Ways to Tie a Tie", "paragraph_text": "The 85 Ways to Tie a Tie () is a book by Thomas Fink and Yong Mao. The authors were research fellows at Cambridge University’s Cavendish Laboratory. It was published by Fourth Estate on Nov 4, 1999, and subsequently published in nine other languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Constitution of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Article 15 describes the process of impeachment and lists grounds on which to impeach judges. The House of Representatives is granted the power of impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Impeachment of Andrew Johnson", "paragraph_text": "This was the first impeachment of a President since creation of the office in 1789. The culmination of a lengthy political battle between Johnson, a lifelong Democrat and the Republican majority in Congress over how best to deal with the defeated Southern states following the conclusion of the American Civil War, the impeachment, and the subsequent trial (and acquittal) of Johnson were among the most dramatic events in the political life of the nation during the Reconstruction Era. Together, they have gained a historical reputation as an act of political expedience, rather than necessity, which was based on Johnson's defiance of an unconstitutional piece of legislation, and which was conducted with little regard for the will of a general public which, despite the unpopularity of Johnson, opposed the impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "At the federal level, Article I, Section 2, Clause 5 of the Constitution grants to the House of Representatives ``the sole power of impeachment '', and Article I, Section 3, Clause 6 grants to the Senate`` the sole Power to try all Impeachments''. In considering articles of impeachment, the House is obligated to base any charges on the constitutional standards specified in Article II, Section 4: ``The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors ''. (Full text of clauses)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "President of the Senate", "paragraph_text": "Vice presidents have cast 261 tie - breaking votes since the U.S. federal government was established in 1789. The vice president with the most tie breaking votes is John Adams (served 1789 -- 1797) with 29. The current Vice President Mike Pence, in office since January 2017, has made six tie - breaking votes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Impeachment of Bill Clinton", "paragraph_text": "Leading to the impeachment, Independent Counsel Ken Starr turned over documentation to the House Judiciary Committee. Chief Prosecutor David Schippers and his team reviewed the material and determined there was sufficient evidence to impeach the president. As a result, four charges were considered by the full House of Representatives; two passed, making Clinton the second president to be impeached, after Andrew Johnson in 1868, and only the third against whom articles of impeachment had been brought before the full House for consideration (Richard Nixon resigned from the presidency in 1974, while an impeachment process against him was underway).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "President of the Senate", "paragraph_text": "The Vice President of the United States is assigned the responsibility of presiding over the Senate and designated as its president by the United States Constitution. The vice president, as President of the Senate, has the authority (ex officio, for he or she is not an elected member of the Senate) to cast a tie - breaking vote. Other than this, the rules of the Senate grant its president very little power (in contrast to the powerful office of Speaker of the House of Representatives).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Let's Impeach the President", "paragraph_text": "\"Let's Impeach the President\" is a protest song written, produced and recorded by Neil Young. It is the seventh track on his 2006 studio album \"Living with War\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Impeachment in the United States is the process by which the lower house of a legislature brings charges against a civil officer of government for crimes alleged to have been committed, analogous to the bringing of an indictment by a grand jury. At the federal level, this is done by the House of Representatives. Most impeachments have concerned alleged crimes committed while in office, though there have been a few cases in which officials have been impeached and subsequently convicted for prior crimes. The impeached official remains in office until a trial is held. That trial, and their removal from office if convicted, is separate from the act of impeachment itself. Analogous to a trial before a judge and jury, these proceedings are (where the legislature is bicameral) conducted by upper house of the legislature, which at the federal level is the Senate.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Term limits in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Office Term limits President Limited to being elected to a total of 2 four - year terms. A President by succession who completes more than two years of a former President's unfinished term may be elected in his or her own right only once, and 2 more four - year terms are permitted if they complete two years or less. Becoming a President by succession may happen to someone an unlimited number of times, for example, if he or she is Vice President and the President dies, resigns or is removed from office via impeachment conviction. Vice President Unlimited four - year terms House of Representatives Unlimited two - year terms Senate Unlimited six - year terms Supreme Court No term limits, appointed to serve ``during good behavior ''(but can be impeached and removed from office for`` high Crimes and Misdemeanors''); in practice a Justice serves until death or stepping down (by retirement or resignation)", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 54902, "question": "who has the authority to impeach a president", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 88814, "question": "who breaks a tie in #1", "answer": "the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "United States House of Representatives" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The New York Islanders and the New York Rangers represent the city in the National Hockey League. Also within the metropolitan area are the New Jersey Devils, who play in nearby Newark, New Jersey.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dezső Ernster", "paragraph_text": "Dezső Ernster (23 November 1898 – 15 February 1981) was a Hungarian opera singer who sang leading bass roles with the New York Metropolitan Opera from 1946 to 1963. In 1929, he created the role of Baron d'Houdoux in Hindemith's \"Neues vom Tage\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "20:20 (Ryan Adams album)", "paragraph_text": "20:20 was a planned box set release by singer-songwriter Ryan Adams, rumored to have a scheduled release in late 2007. Adams stated that the box set would include albums that he \"\"really\" wanted to be records.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Callie Torres", "paragraph_text": "Callie and Arizona have a five - year relationship, ultimately marrying in the seventh season and divorcing in the eleventh season. Callie starts a new relationship with Penny Blake and leaves to go to New York with her in the twelfth - season finale. Shonda Rhimes spoke on Ramirez's abrupt departure, saying, ``This one was different because it was n't a big planned thing. I had a different plan going and when Sara came in and said, 'I really need to take this break,' I was lucky that we'd shot the end of the season with her going to New York. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Greenwich Village", "paragraph_text": "The Village had a cutting - edge cabaret and music scene. The Village Gate, the Village Vanguard, and The Blue Note (since 1981), regularly hosted some of the biggest names in jazz. Greenwich Village also played a major role in the development of the folk music scene of the 1960s. Music clubs included Gerde's Folk City, The Bitter End, Cafe Au Go Go, Cafe Wha?, The Gaslight Cafe and The Bottom Line. Three of the four members of The Mamas & the Papas met there. Guitarist and folk singer Dave Van Ronk lived there for many years. Village resident and cultural icon Bob Dylan by the mid-60s had become one of the world's foremost popular songwriters, and often developments in Greenwich Village would influence the simultaneously occurring folk rock movement in San Francisco and elsewhere, and vice versa. Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s, including Jimi Hendrix, Barbra Streisand, Peter, Paul, and Mary, Bette Midler, The Lovin 'Spoonful, Simon & Garfunkel, Liza Minnelli, Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Eric Andersen, Joan Baez, The Clancy Brothers and Tommy Makem, The Velvet Underground, The Kingston Trio, Carly Simon, Richie Havens, Maria Muldaur, Tom Paxton, Janis Ian, Phil Ochs, Joni Mitchell, Laura Nyro, and Nina Simone. The Greenwich Village of the 1950s and 1960s was at the center of Jane Jacobs's book The Death and Life of Great American Cities, which defended it and similar communities, while criticizing common urban renewal policies of the time.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Thirteen Most Wanted Men", "paragraph_text": "Thirteen Most Wanted Men was a large mural created by Andy Warhol for the New York State Pavilion at the 1964 World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, New York. The mural was painted over with silver paint before the fair opened, probably due to official objections, but other reasons have been suggested.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Leona Mitchell", "paragraph_text": "Leona Mitchell (born October 13, 1949, Enid, Oklahoma) is an American operatic soprano and an Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame inductee. She is also a Grammy Award-winning soprano who sang for 18 seasons as a leading spinto soprano at the Metropolitan Opera in New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "All I Really Want to Do", "paragraph_text": "``All I Really Want to Do ''is a song written by Bob Dylan and featured on his Tom Wilson - produced 1964 album, Another Side of Bob Dylan (see 1964 in music). It is arguably one of the most popular songs that Dylan wrote in the period immediately after he abandoned topical songwriting. Within a year of its release on Another Side of Bob Dylan, it had also become one of Dylan's most familiar songs to pop and rock audiences, due to hit cover versions by Cher and the Byrds.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Hermine Kittel", "paragraph_text": "Hermine Kittel (December 2, 1879 – April 7, 1948) was an Austrian contralto from Vienna. She studied singing with Amalie Materna in Vienna. She made her operatic debut in 1897 in Ljubljana. Kittle first sang under Gustav Mahler at the Vienna Hofoper (Vienna State Opera) and later premiered in a revision of \"Ariadne auf Naxos\". She sang at the Bayreuth Festival in 1902 and 1908, where she sang Erda in \"Der Ring des Nibelungen\". She also sang at the Salzburg Festival, where she often played Marcellina in \"The Marriage of Figaro\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "In soccer, New York City is represented by New York City FC of Major League Soccer, who play their home games at Yankee Stadium. The New York Red Bulls play their home games at Red Bull Arena in nearby Harrison, New Jersey. Historically, the city is known for the New York Cosmos, the highly successful former professional soccer team which was the American home of Pelé, one of the world's most famous soccer players. A new version of the New York Cosmos was formed in 2010, and began play in the second division North American Soccer League in 2013. The Cosmos play their home games at James M. Shuart Stadium on the campus of Hofstra University, just outside the New York City limits in Hempstead, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ferris Bueller's Day Off", "paragraph_text": "Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week. Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November. Featuring many landmarks, including the then Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: ``I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could. Not just in the architecture and landscape, but the spirit. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Girls Just Want to Have Fun", "paragraph_text": "``Girls Just Want to Have Fun ''Single by Cyndi Lauper from the album She's So Unusual B - side`` Right Track Wrong Train'' Released September 6, 1983 (1983 - 09 - 06) Format 7 - inch 12 - inch CD Recorded June 1983 Studio Record Plant, New York City, New York Genre Dance - pop Length 3: 58 Label Portrait Songwriter (s) Robert Hazard Producer (s) Rick Chertoff William Wittman Cyndi Lauper singles chronology ``Girls Just Want to Have Fun ''(1983)`` Time After Time'' (1984) Music video ``Girls Just Want to Have Fun ''on YouTube Audio sample file help", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Theme from New York, New York", "paragraph_text": "``Theme from New York, New York ''Single by Frank Sinatra from the album Trilogy: Past Present Future B - side`` That's What God Looks Like to Me'' Released April 1980 Format 7 ''single Recorded 1979 Genre Jazz Length 3: 26 Label Reprise Songwriter (s) Fred Ebb, John Kander Producer (s) Sonny Burke Frank Sinatra singles chronology ``Night and Day'' (1977)`` Theme from New York, New York ''(1980) ``You and Me (We Wanted It All)'' (1980)`` Night and Day ''(1977) ``Theme from New York, New York'' (1980)`` You and Me (We Wanted It All) ''(1980)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Book of Henry", "paragraph_text": "Principal photography on the film began in September 2015 in and around New York City, and concluded in November. The music was composed by Michael Giacchino. Stevie Nicks sang a new song in the film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cherish the Ladies", "paragraph_text": "Cherish the Ladies is an American female super group that plays Celtic music. The band began as a concert series in New York in January 1985. It was the brainchild of Mick Moloney who wanted to showcase the brightest female musicians in America in what had been a male-dominated scene. The group took its name from a traditional Irish jig called \"Cherish the Ladies\", and the series opened to sold-out concerts. Their leader Joanie Madden plays flute and tin whistle. The other members of the group play a wide variety of instruments. Their albums contain both tunes (instrumental tracks) and songs (tracks with vocals).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "New York Power", "paragraph_text": "The New York Power was an American professional soccer team that played in the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA), the first professional soccer league for women in the United States. The team played at Mitchel Athletic Complex in Uniondale, New York. The team played from 2001 to 2003 when the league ceased operations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Madonna (entertainer)", "paragraph_text": "Madonna's seventh studio album, Ray of Light, (1998) reflected a change in her image. She collaborated with electronica producer William Orbit and wanted to create a sound that could blend dance music with pop and British rock. American music critic Ann Powers explained that what Madonna searched for with Orbit \"was a kind of a lushness that she wanted for this record. Techno and rave was happening in the 90's and had a lot of different forms. There was very experimental, more hard stuff like Aphex Twin. There was party stuff like Fatboy Slim. That's not what Madonna wanted for this. She wanted something more like a singer-songwriter, really. And William Orbit provided her with that.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Robert Dean Smith", "paragraph_text": "Smith studied at Pittsburg State University (Kansas) with Margaret Thuenemann, at the Juilliard School of Music in New York City with Daniel Ferro, and with Professor Janice Harper in Europe. Like many dramatic tenors, he began his career as a baritone and sang for several years in German opera houses. He sings a variety of opera and concert repertoire, in different languages and styles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Theme from New York, New York", "paragraph_text": "``Theme from New York, New York ''Single by Frank Sinatra from the album Trilogy: Past Present Future B - side`` That's What God Looks Like to Me'' Released April 1980 Format 7 ''single Recorded 1979 Genre Jazz Length 3: 26 Label Reprise Songwriter (s) Fred Ebb, John Kander Producer (s) Sonny Burke Frank Sinatra singles chronology ``Night and Day'' (1977)`` Theme from New York, New York ''(1980) ``You and Me (We Wanted It All)'' (1980)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Jessica Jones (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Following the tragic end of her brief superhero career, Jessica Jones tries to rebuild her life as a private investigator, dealing with cases involving people with remarkable abilities in New York City. After her encounter with Kilgrave, Jones begins to put her life back together, taking on a new case that makes her reluctantly confront her past and who she really is.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 61228, "question": "who sang all i really want to do", "answer": "Bob Dylan", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 47264, "question": "where did #1 play in new york", "answer": "Greenwich Village", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

[ "the Village" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Most of the Huguenot congregations (or individuals) in North America eventually affiliated with other Protestant denominations with more numerous members. The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities, which led to their assimilation. Their descendants in many families continued to use French first names and surnames for their children well into the nineteenth century. Assimilated, the French made numerous contributions to United States economic life, especially as merchants and artisans in the late Colonial and early Federal periods. For example, E.I. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "A number of Huguenots served as mayors in Dublin, Cork, Youghal and Waterford in the 17th and 18th centuries. Numerous signs of Huguenot presence can still be seen with names still in use, and with areas of the main towns and cities named after the people who settled there. Examples include the Huguenot District and French Church Street in Cork City; and D'Olier Street in Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland. A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696, and was built to serve the significant new Huguenot community in the town. At the time, they constituted the majority of the townspeople.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "St James Duke's Place", "paragraph_text": "St James Duke's Place was an Anglican parish church in the Aldgate ward of the City of London It was established in the early 17th century, rebuilt in 1727 and closed and demolished in 1874.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Huguenot immigrants did not disperse or settle in different parts of the country, but rather, formed three societies or congregations; one in the city of New York, another 21 miles north of New York in a town which they named New Rochelle, and a third further upstate in New Paltz. The \"Huguenot Street Historic District\" in New Paltz has been designated a National Historic Landmark site and contains the oldest street in the United States of America. A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighborhood of Huguenot was named.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Prince Louis de Condé, along with his sons Daniel and Osias,[citation needed] arranged with Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbrücken to establish a Huguenot community in present-day Saarland in 1604. The Count supported mercantilism and welcomed technically skilled immigrants into his lands, regardless of their religion. The Condés established a thriving glass-making works, which provided wealth to the principality for many years. Other founding families created enterprises based on textiles and such traditional Huguenot occupations in France. The community and its congregation remain active to this day, with descendants of many of the founding families still living in the region. Some members of this community emigrated to the United States in the 1890s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (1568–1609). The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. Early ties were already visible in the \"Apologie\" of William the Silent, condemning the Spanish Inquisition, which was written by his court minister, the Huguenot Pierre L'Oyseleur, lord of Villiers. Louise de Coligny, daughter of the murdered Huguenot leader Gaspard de Coligny, married William the Silent, leader of the Dutch (Calvinist) revolt against Spanish (Catholic) rule. As both spoke French in daily life, their court church in the Prinsenhof in Delft held services in French. The practice has continued to the present day. The Prinsenhof is one of the 14 active Walloon churches of the Dutch Reformed Church. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. They settled at the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa and New Netherland in North America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672. William formed the League of Augsburg as a coalition to oppose Louis and the French state. Consequently, many Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist Dutch Republic, which led the opposition to Louis XIV, as the most attractive country for exile after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. They also found many French-speaking Calvinist churches there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Vatican Cricket Team", "paragraph_text": "The Vatican Cricket Team is an amateur cricket team established by the Vatican to help establish ties between the Catholic Church and countries and regions where the sport is popular including India and the Caribbean and to encourage inter-faith dialogue.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Renewed religious warfare in the 1620s caused the political and military privileges of the Huguenots to be abolished following their defeat. They retained the religious provisions of the Edict of Nantes until the rule of Louis XIV, who progressively increased persecution of them until he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), which abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France, and forced the Huguenots to convert. While nearly three-quarters eventually were killed or submitted, roughly 500,000 Huguenots had fled France by the early 18th century[citation needed].", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "By 1620 the Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in southwestern France, between 1621 and 1629. revolted against royal authority. The uprising occurred a decade following the death of Henry IV, a Huguenot before converting to Catholicism, who had protected Protestants through the Edict of Nantes. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, became more intolerant of Protestantism. The Huguenots respond by establishing independent political and military structures, establishing diplomatic contacts with foreign powers, and openly revolting against central power. The rebellions were implacably suppressed by the French Crown.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "In the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 1685, Rev. Elie Prioleau from the town of Pons in France, was among the first to settle there. He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, several Huguenot families of Norman and Carolingian nobility and descent, including Edmund Bohun of Suffolk England from the Humphrey de Bohun line of French royalty descended from Charlemagne, Jean Postell of Dieppe France, Alexander Pepin, Antoine Poitevin of Orsement France, and Jacques de Bordeaux of Grenoble, immigrated to the Charleston Orange district. They were very successful at marriage and property speculation. After petitioning the British Crown in 1697 for the right to own land in the Baronies, they prospered as slave owners on the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations they purchased from the British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger. Some of their descendants moved into the Deep South and Texas, where they developed new plantations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Following the French Crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite war in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin. Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. Smaller settlements, which included Killeshandra in County Cavan, contributed to the expansion of flax cultivation and the growth of the Irish linen industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Richmond, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Richmond has several historic churches. Because of its early English colonial history from the early 17th century to 1776, Richmond has a number of prominent Anglican/Episcopal churches including Monumental Church, St. Paul's Episcopal Church and St. John's Episcopal Church. Methodists and Baptists made up another section of early churches, and First Baptist Church of Richmond was the first of these, established in 1780. In the Reformed church tradition, the first Presbyterian Church in the City of Richmond was First Presbyterian Church, organized on June 18, 1812. On February 5, 1845, Second Presbyterian Church of Richmond was founded, which was a historic church where Stonewall Jackson attended and was the first Gothic building and the first gas-lit church to be built in Richmond. St. Peter's Church was dedicated and became the first Catholic church in Richmond on May 25, 1834. The city is also home to the historic Cathedral of the Sacred Heart which is the motherchurch for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Richmond.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Syllabub", "paragraph_text": "Syllabub (or solybubbe, sullabub, sullibib, sullybub, sullibub; there is no certain etymology and considerable variation in spelling) has been known in England at least since John Heywood's \"Thersytes\" of about 1537: \"You and I... Muste walke to him and eate a solybubbe.\" The word occurs repeatedly, including in Samuel Pepys's diary for 12 July 1663; \"Then to Comissioner Petts and had a good Sullybub\" and in Thomas Hughes's \"Tom Brown at Oxford\" of 1861; \"We retire to tea or syllabub beneath the shade of some great oak.\"", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square. Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. In Wandsworth, their gardening skills benefited the Battersea market gardens. The Old Truman Brewery, then known as the Black Eagle Brewery, was founded in 1724. The flight of Huguenot refugees from Tours, France drew off most of the workers of its great silk mills which they had built.[citation needed] Some of these immigrants moved to Norwich, which had accommodated an earlier settlement of Walloon weavers. The French added to the existing immigrant population, then comprising about a third of the population of the city.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Huguenots in South Africa", "paragraph_text": "On 31 December 1687 a group of Huguenots set sail from France as the first of the large scale emigration of Huguenots to the Cape of Good Hope, which took place during 1688 and 1689. In total some 180 Huguenots from France, and 18 Walloons from the present - day Belgium, eventually settled at the Cape of Good Hope. A notable example of this is the emigration of Huguenots from La Motte d'Aigues in Provence, France. After this large scale emigration, individual Huguenot immigrant families arrived at the Cape of Good Hope as late as the first quarter of the 18th century, and the state - subsidised emigration of Huguenots was stopped in 1706.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Protestantism", "paragraph_text": "Several countries have established their national churches, linking the ecclesiastical structure with the state. Jurisdictions where a Protestant denomination has been established as a state religion include several Nordic countries; Denmark (including Greenland), the Faroe Islands (its church being independent since 2007), Iceland and Norway have established Evangelical Lutheran churches. Tuvalu has the only established church in Reformed tradition in the world, while Tonga—in the Methodist tradition. The Church of England is the officially established religious institution in England, and also the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Denmark Congregational United Church of Christ", "paragraph_text": "Denmark Congregational United Church of Christ is located in Denmark, Iowa, United States. The church building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Denmark Congregational Church in 1977. The church is noteworthy because of its association with the Rev. Asa Turner, Jr. He was a noted abolitionist and supporter of the temperance movement, who was the pastor of the congregation in its early years. He was an early Congregationalist missionary to Iowa and encouraged the American Home Missionary Society to send more missionaries to the Iowa Territory. His requests resulted in the arrival of nine young men from Andover Theological Seminary in 1843. Known as the \"Iowa Band\", they established churches in eastern Iowa based on Turner's Denmark church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "In Berlin, the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. By 1700, one-fifth of the city's population was French speaking. The Berlin Huguenots preserved the French language in their church services for nearly a century. They ultimately decided to switch to German in protest against the occupation of Prussia by Napoleon in 1806-07. Many of their descendents rose to positions of prominence. Several congregations were founded, such as those of Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Huguenots", "paragraph_text": "Paul Revere was descended from Huguenot refugees, as was Henry Laurens, who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina; Jack Jouett, who made the ride from Cuckoo Tavern to warn Thomas Jefferson and others that Tarleton and his men were on their way to arrest him for crimes against the king; Francis Marion, and a number of other leaders of the American Revolution and later statesmen. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina, at a church that dates to 1844. The Huguenot Society of America maintains Manakin Episcopal Church in Virginia as an historic shrine with occasional services. The Society has chapters in numerous states, with the one in Texas being the largest.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107357, "question": "Which was the country for Syllabub?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 40570, "question": "What early Huguenot Church was established in #1 ?", "answer": "The French Protestant Church of London", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[ "French Protestant Church of London", "The French Protestant Church" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "From the Rough", "paragraph_text": "From the Rough is a sports drama film based on the true story of Catana Starks, a former Tennessee State Tigers swim coach, who became the first woman ever to coach a college men’s golf team. With drive, passion, and guts, she took an unruly group of mismatched kids from around the world and guided them to an all-time record at the PGA National Collegiate Minority Championship.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Victoria (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian Alps in the northeast are the coldest part of Victoria. The Alps are part of the Great Dividing Range mountain system extending east-west through the centre of Victoria. Average temperatures are less than 9 °C (48 °F) in winter and below 0 °C (32 °F) in the highest parts of the ranges. The state's lowest minimum temperature of −11.7 °C (10.9 °F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965, and again at Falls Creek on 3 July 1970. Temperature extremes for the state are listed in the table below:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Rough Dreams", "paragraph_text": "Rough Dreams is an album by Shivaree, released by Odeon Records in 2002. Due to disputes with the label, \"Rough Dreams\" was not officially released in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Guam", "paragraph_text": "Guam's climate is characterized as tropical marine moderated by seasonal northeast trade winds. The weather is generally very warm and humid with little seasonal temperature variation. The mean high temperature is 86 °F (30 °C) and mean low is 76 °F (24 °C) with an average annual rainfall of 96 inches (2,180 mm). The dry season runs from December to June. The remaining months (July to November) constitute the rainy season. The months of January and February are considered the coolest months of the year with overnight low temperatures of 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) and low humidity levels. The highest temperature ever recorded in Guam was 96 °F (36 °C) on April 18, 1971 and April 1, 1990, and the lowest temperature ever recorded was 65 °F (18 °C) on February 8, 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Come on Sister", "paragraph_text": "Come on Sister is an EP from the indie pop band Belle & Sebastian released in 2011. It was released by Rough Trade records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Republic of Ireland", "paragraph_text": "The Atlantic Ocean and the warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. Temperatures differ regionally, with central and eastern areas tending to be more extreme. However, due to a temperate oceanic climate, temperatures are seldom lower than −5 °C (23 °F) in winter or higher than 26 °C (79 °F) in summer. The highest temperature recorded in Ireland was 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) on 26 June 1887 at Kilkenny Castle in Kilkenny, while the lowest temperature recorded was −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) at Markree Castle in Sligo. Rainfall is more prevalent during winter months and less so during the early months of summer. Southwestern areas experience the most rainfall as a result of south westerly winds, while Dublin receives the least. Sunshine duration is highest in the southeast of the country. The far north and west are two of the windiest regions in Europe, with great potential for wind energy generation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "As with the rest of the UK, Southampton experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Its southerly, low lying and sheltered location ensures it is among the warmer, sunnier cities in the UK. It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) since 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Climate of New Zealand", "paragraph_text": "Daily maximum temperatures are normally in the mid to low 20s (° C) over most of the country. They are higher in northern, eastern and interior part of the country; Hastings is the warmest city on average with 25.5 ° C followed by Gisborne with 24.9 ° C and Napier with 24.5 ° C. Eastern parts of the South Island are highly susceptible to the norwester, a Fohn wind which can result in temperatures going into the high 30s and even the low 40s. Rangiora in Canterbury holds the record maximum of 42.4 ° C recorded in 1973, with Christchurch recording 41.6 ° C in that same year. More recently, Timaru reached 41.3 ° C on Waitangi Day in 2011. Due to these winds, the cooler southern cities of Dunedin and Invercargill have higher all - time record temperatures than places further north such as Wellington, Auckland and Whangarei.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Summers in the state are generally hot and humid, with most of the state averaging a high of around 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer months. Winters tend to be mild to cool, increasing in coolness at higher elevations. Generally, for areas outside the highest mountains, the average overnight lows are near freezing for most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Global temperature record", "paragraph_text": "The global temperature record shows the fluctuations of the temperature of the atmosphere and the oceans through various spans of time. The most detailed information exists since 1850, when methodical thermometer - based records began. There are numerous estimates of temperatures since the end of the Pleistocene glaciation, particularly during the current Holocene epoch. Older time periods are studied by paleoclimatology.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having \"four seasons in one day\", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Genome", "paragraph_text": "Both the number of base pairs and the number of genes vary widely from one species to another, and there is only a rough correlation between the two (an observation known as the C-value paradox). At present, the highest known number of genes is around 60,000, for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis (see List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes), almost three times as many as in the human genome.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Principality of Sealand", "paragraph_text": "The Principality of Sealand, commonly known as Sealand, is a micronation that claims Roughs Tower, an offshore platform in the North Sea approximately off the coast of Suffolk, as its territory. Roughs Tower is a disused Maunsell Sea Fort, originally called HM Fort Roughs, built as an anti-aircraft gun platform by the British during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Winter", "paragraph_text": "Meteorological Reckoning is the method of measuring the winter season used by meteorologists based on ``sensible weather patterns ''for record keeping purposes, so the start of meteorological winter varies with latitude. Winter is often defined by meteorologists to be the three calendar months with the lowest average temperatures. This corresponds to the months of December, January and February in the Northern Hemisphere, and June, July and August in the Southern Hemisphere. The coldest average temperatures of the season are typically experienced in January or February in the Northern Hemisphere and in June, July or August in the Southern Hemisphere. Nighttime predominates in the winter season, and in some regions winter has the highest rate of precipitation as well as prolonged dampness because of permanent snow cover or high precipitation rates coupled with low temperatures, precluding evaporation. Blizzards often develop and cause many transportation delays. Diamond dust, also known as ice needles or ice crystals, forms at temperatures approaching − 40 ° F (− 40 ° C) due to air with slightly higher moisture from aloft mixing with colder, surface based air. They are made of simple ice crystals that are hexagonal in shape. The Swedish meteorological institute (SMHI) define winter as when the daily mean temperatures go below 0 ° C (32 ° F) for five consecutive days. According to the SMHI, winter in Scandinavia is more pronounced when Atlantic low -- pressure systems take more southerly and northerly routes, leaving the path open for high -- pressure systems to come in and cold temperatures to occur. As a result, the coldest January on record in 1987 was also the sunniest in Stockholm.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Instrumental temperature record", "paragraph_text": "The instrumental temperature record provides the temperature of Earth's climate system from the historical network of in situ measurements of surface air temperatures and ocean surface temperatures. Data are collected at thousands of meteorological stations, buoys and ships around the globe. The longest - running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest - running quasi-global record starts in 1850. In recent decades more extensive sampling of ocean temperatures at various depths have begun allowing estimates of ocean heat content but these do not form part of the global surface temperature datasets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Destroyer's Rubies", "paragraph_text": "Destroyer's Rubies is the seventh studio album by Canadian indie rock band Destroyer, released on February 21, 2006 on Merge Records, Scratch Records, Acuarela Discos, Architecture, and Rough Trade Records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "World of Echo", "paragraph_text": "World of Echo is the only full-length non-collaborative studio album recorded, released and compiled by Arthur Russell during his lifetime. It was released in 1986 on Upside Records in the United States and on Rough Trade Records in the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137037, "question": "Which place is From the Rough in?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 31263, "question": "Where was the highest known temperature in #1 recorded?", "answer": "Perryville", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mike Haluchak", "paragraph_text": "Mike Haluchak (born November 28, 1949 in Concord, CA) is an American football coach. He served as the linebackers coach for the Oakland Raiders from 2009 until 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "G-Men from Hell", "paragraph_text": "G-Men from Hell (released on DVD as Michael Allred's G-Men from Hell) is a 2000 American comedy film directed by Christopher Coppola and written by Robert Cooper, Richard L. Albert, and Nicholas Johnson. It is based on Michael Allred's comic book series \"Grafik Muzik\" published by Caliber Press. It stars William Forsythe and Tate Donovan as two violent FBI agents who die, go to hell, and escape back to Earth, where they become embroiled in a mystery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Neal Colzie", "paragraph_text": "Cornelius Connie Colzie, better known as Neal Colzie, (February 28, 1953 – August 20, 2001) was an American football defensive back for the Oakland Raiders (1975–1978), Miami Dolphins (1979), and Tampa Bay Buccaneers (1980–1983). He also played for the Orlando Renegades of the USFL in 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Rio Grande Raiders", "paragraph_text": "Rio Grande Raiders is a 1946 American Western film directed by Thomas Carr and written by Norton S. Parker. The film stars Sunset Carson, Linda Stirling, Bob Steele, Tom London, Tristram Coffin and Edmund Cobb. The film was released on September 9, 1946, by Republic Pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Shane Lechler", "paragraph_text": "Edward Shane Lechler (; born August 7, 1976) is a former American football punter who played 18 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Texas A&M, and was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Raiders", "paragraph_text": "Prior to the 1980 season, Al Davis attempted unsuccessfully to have improvements made to the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, specifically the addition of luxury boxes. That year, he signed a Memorandum of Agreement to move the Raiders from Oakland to Los Angeles. The move, which required three - fourths approval by league owners, was defeated 22 -- 0 (with five owners abstaining). When Davis tried to move the team anyway, he was blocked by an injunction. In response, the Raiders not only became an active partner in an antitrust lawsuit filed by the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (who had recently lost the Los Angeles Rams), but filed an antitrust lawsuit of their own. After the first case was declared a mistrial, in May 1982 a second jury found in favor of Davis and the Los Angeles Coliseum, clearing the way for the move. With the ruling, the Raiders finally relocated to Los Angeles for the 1982 season to play their home games at the Los Angeles Coliseum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Brad Lekkerkerker", "paragraph_text": "Brad Lekkerkerker (born May 8, 1978, in Upland, California) is an offensive tackle who formerly played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He was originally acquired as a free agent in 2004 by the Houston Texans then was on and off the Oakland Raiders roster. Lekkerkerker was allocated to NFL Europe in 2006 then placed on the Reserve/Retired List by the Raiders on July 26, 2006. He played collegiately at the University of California, Davis. Lekkerkerker is the older brother of free agent lineman Cory Lekkerkerker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ronald Curry", "paragraph_text": "Ronald Antonio Curry (born May 28, 1979) is a former American football wide receiver and current wide receivers coach with the New Orleans Saints. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the seventh round of the 2002 NFL Draft after playing college football at North Carolina.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Super Bowl XXXVII", "paragraph_text": "The Raiders had a great chance to score a touchdown early in the game after cornerback Charles Woodson intercepted Buccaneers quarterback Brad Johnson's pass on the third play of the game and returned it 12 yards to the Tampa Bay 36 - yard line. However, six plays later, Tampa Bay defensive end Simeon Rice sacked Raiders quarterback Rich Gannon on third down, forcing Oakland to settle for kicker Sebastian Janikowski's 40 - yard field goal to give them a 3 -- 0 lead.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Mark Davis (American football)", "paragraph_text": "Mark Davis (born 1954 or 1955) is the principal owner and managing general partner of the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Randy Hanson", "paragraph_text": "Randy Hanson (born January 17, 1968 in Sacramento, CA) began the 2009 season as a National Football League (NFL) assistant coach for the Oakland Raiders. Hanson was put on a paid leave-of-absence in August 2009 following an alleged incident with Head Coach Tom Cable where Hanson suffered a broken jaw. Hanson returned to the Raiders in early December 2009 where he was reassigned to the team's scouting department.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Saint Albert High School (Council Bluffs, Iowa)", "paragraph_text": "Saint Albert High School is a private, Roman Catholic high school in Council Bluffs, Iowa, USA. It is part of a chain of private schools going from pre-kindergarten through 12th Grade. Saint Albert's Mascot is a falcon for the boys, while the girls are known as the saintes. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Des Moines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "RingCentral Coliseum", "paragraph_text": "The Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, often referred to as the Oakland Coliseum, is a multi-purpose stadium in Oakland, California, United States, which is home to both the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). It opened in 1966 and is the only remaining stadium in the United States that is shared by professional football and baseball teams. The Coliseum was also home to some games of the San Jose Earthquakes of Major League Soccer in 2008 -- 2009 and hosted games at the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup. The Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum complex consists of the stadium and the neighboring Oracle Arena.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "History of the Oakland Raiders", "paragraph_text": "Oakland Raiders Current season Established January 30, 1960; 58 years ago (1960 - 01 - 30) First season: 1960 Play in Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum Oakland, California Headquartered in Alameda, California Logo Wordmark League / conference affiliations American Football League (1960 -- 1969) Western Division (1960 -- 1969) National Football League (1970 -- present) American Football Conference (1970 -- present) AFC West (1970 -- present) Current uniform Team colors Silver, black Fight song ``The Autumn Wind ''Personnel Owner (s) Mark Davis (majority owner) President Marc Badain General manager Reggie McKenzie Head coach Jon Gruden Team history Oakland Raiders (1960 -- 1981, 1995 -- present) Los Angeles Raiders (1982 -- 1994) Team nicknames Silver and Black Men in Black Team of the Decades The World's Team Raider Nation Malosos (Mexican fan base) Championships League championships (3 †) AFL championships (pre-1970 AFL -- NFL merger) (1) 1967 Super Bowl championships (3) 1976 (XI), 1980 (XV), 1983 (XVIII) Conference championships (4) AFC: 1976, 1980, 1983, 2002 Division championships (15) AFL West: 1967, 1968, 1969 AFC West: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1983, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2001, 2002 † -- Does not include the AFL or NFL championships won during the same seasons as the AFL -- NFL Super Bowl championships prior to the 1970 AFL -- NFL merger Playoff appearances (22) AFL: 1967, 1968, 1969 NFL: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1990, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2016 Home fields Kezar Stadium (1960) Candlestick Park (1961) Frank Youell Field (1962 -- 1965) Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum (1966 -- 1981, 1995 -- present) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (1982 -- 1994) Las Vegas Stadium (planned for 2020)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "DeJuan Green", "paragraph_text": "DeJuan Green is an American football player who played three seasons for the Oakland Raiders, from 2004 to 2006. Green was born in Jacksonville, Florida on May 13, 1980.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Albert Edmunds Cahlan", "paragraph_text": "Albert Edmunds Cahlan, \"aka\" A. E. Cahlan or Al Cahlan (April 8, 1899– June 1968) was an American newspaper publisher and prominent civic leader during the mid-20th century in the forming of Las Vegas. During his lifetime, he was best known for his unabashed approach to the politics of mid-century Las Vegas, which he often wrote about in his daily column.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Lamar Mady", "paragraph_text": "Lamar Mady (born December 13, 1990) is an American football center for the Arizona Rattlers of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He was signed by the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He played college football for Youngstown State.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Raiders", "paragraph_text": "The professional American football team now known as the Oakland Raiders played in Los Angeles, California from 1982 to 1994 before relocating back to Oakland. This article chronicles the team's history during their time as the Los Angeles Raiders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Minnesota Vikings", "paragraph_text": "The Vikings played in Super Bowl XI, their third Super Bowl (fourth overall) in four years, against the Oakland Raiders at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California, on January 9, 1977. The Vikings, however, lost 32 -- 14.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "2016 Oakland Raiders season", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 Oakland Raiders season was the 57th overall of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 47th season in the National Football League, their 23th season since their return to Oakland, and the second under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders improved on a 7 -- 9 campaign in 2015 and finished with a winning record for the first time since 2002, finishing the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145444, "question": "At what location did Albert Edmunds Cahlan die?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 59934, "question": "when are the oakland raiders going to #1", "answer": "March 27, 2017", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong", "paragraph_text": "Skull Island: Reign of Kong is a ride at the Islands of Adventure theme park at Universal Orlando in Florida. It began soft openings on June 9, 2016 and officially opened on July 13, 2016.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Victor Kan", "paragraph_text": "Victor Kan (簡華捷, Kan Wah Chit; born 1941) is a student of the late Ip Man and began his Wing Chun instruction at the age of 13 years in Hong Kong. He was with Yip Man for 7 years and in that time during which he became known as the 'King of Chi Sao' or 'The Untouchable'. By the late 1950s he assisted Yip Man until he left for Europe in 1961. He teaches in the UK and has been doing so since 1975. He also has branches in Italy, Australia and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Por una Cabeza", "paragraph_text": "Por Una Cabeza was featured in a famous tango scene in Martin Brest's Scent of a Woman (1992), in the opening scene of Steve Spielberg's Schindler's List (1993), and in James Cameron's True Lies (1994).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Kings of Hong Kong", "paragraph_text": "The Kings of Hong Kong is the second album by 22-Pistepirkko. It was released in 1987 (see 1987 in music).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "In 2011, Spielberg launched Falling Skies, a science fiction television series, on the TNT network. He developed the series with Robert Rodat and is credited as an executive producer. Spielberg is also producing the Fox TV series Terra Nova. Terra Nova begins in the year 2149 when all life on the planet Earth is threatened with extinction resulting in scientists opening a door that allows people to travel back 85 million years to prehistoric times. Spielberg also produced The River, Smash, Under the Dome, Extant and The Whispers, as well as a TV adaptation of Minority Report.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Aaron Hotchner", "paragraph_text": "Hotch begins the series married to his high school sweetheart Haley (Meredith Monroe). They have a son named Jack (Cade Owens), though they later separated over Hotch's dedication to his job. Meredith Monroe's character Haley was later killed in season five by serial killer George Foyet. Two years after Haley's death, he met triathlon runner Beth Clemmons, and had been in a relationship with her, until season ten when it is revealed he broke things off with her when she was offered a job in Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "King Kong Encounter", "paragraph_text": "King Kong Encounter was an attraction formerly part of the Studio Tour at Universal Studios Hollywood. The scene, located amongst the New York Street backlot sets in the heart of the studios, was destroyed by a massive fire in 2008, and was replaced by King Kong: 360 3 - D, which was opened on 1 July 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Studio producers Richard D. Zanuck and David Brown offered Spielberg the director's chair for Jaws, a thriller-horror film based on the Peter Benchley novel about an enormous killer shark. Spielberg has often referred to the gruelling shoot as his professional crucible. Despite the film's ultimate, enormous success, it was nearly shut down due to delays and budget over-runs. But Spielberg persevered and finished the film. It was an enormous hit, winning three Academy Awards (for editing, original score and sound) and grossing more than $470 million worldwide at the box office. It also set the domestic record for box office gross, leading to what the press described as \"Jawsmania.\":248 Jaws made Spielberg a household name and one of America's youngest multi-millionaires, allowing him a great deal of autonomy for his future projects.:250 It was nominated for Best Picture and featured Spielberg's first of three collaborations with actor Richard Dreyfuss.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Por una Cabeza", "paragraph_text": "Por Una Cabeza was featured in a famous tango scene in Martin Brest's Scent of a Woman (1992), in the opening scene of Steve Spielberg's Schindler's List (1993) and in James Cameron's True Lies (1994).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Home at Hong Kong", "paragraph_text": "The Home at Hong Kong is a 1983 Hong Kong drama film directed by King Hoi Lam and starring Andy Lau.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "King Kong", "paragraph_text": "King Kong King Kong character King Kong featured in a promotional image from the 1933 film First appearance King Kong (1933) Created by Edgar Wallace Merian C. Cooper Portrayed by Willis O'Brien (1933) (animator) Rick Baker (1976) Peter Elliot (1986) Andy Serkis (2005) Terry Notary (2017) Toby Kebbell (2017) Information Aliases The Eighth Wonder of the World Species Giant Gorilla Family Little Kong (1933) Lady Kong (1986) Baby Kong (1986) Deceased parents (2017)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kong: The Animated Series", "paragraph_text": "Kong: The Animated Series is an American-Canadian television series for children that follows King Kong, the monster of the 1933 film of the same name. \"Kong\" was created to compete with \"\", and first aired on BKN in 2000. In May 2001, Fox Kids began airing reruns of the first 13 episodes. Then, Jetix began airing reruns on September 9, 2005, in anticipation of the release of Peter Jackson's \"King Kong\". Additionally, two direct-to-DVD movies based on the series were released: \"Kong: King of Atlantis\", where Kong fights to save the mythic island from a vicious snake sorceress, in 2005, and the computer-animated \"Kong: Return to the Jungle\", where hunters capture Kong and other animals from his island for a special zoo, in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Thelma Schoonmaker", "paragraph_text": "\"While doing graduate work at Columbia University, Thelma Schoonmaker answered an advertisement that offered on-the-job training as an assistant film editor.\" She responded to the employment advertisement in \"The New York Times\" and got the job. The job entailed assisting an \"editor\" who was randomly cutting frames from classic European films, (such as those by François Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard and Federico Fellini), so that their length would conform to the running times of U.S. television broadcasts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Rejecting offers to direct Jaws 2, King Kong and Superman, Spielberg and actor Richard Dreyfuss re-convened to work on a film about UFOs, which became Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977). One of the rare films both written and directed by Spielberg, Close Encounters was a critical and box office hit, giving Spielberg his first Best Director nomination from the Academy as well as earning six other Academy Awards nominations. It won Oscars in two categories (Cinematography, Vilmos Zsigmond, and a Special Achievement Award for Sound Effects Editing, Frank E. Warner). This second blockbuster helped to secure Spielberg's rise. His next film, 1941, a big-budgeted World War II farce, was not nearly as successful and though it grossed over $92.4 million worldwide (and did make a small profit for co-producing studios Columbia and Universal) it was seen as a disappointment, mainly with the critics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "Spielberg was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, to an Orthodox Jewish family. His mother, Leah (Adler) Posner (born 1920), was a restaurateur and concert pianist, and his father, Arnold Spielberg (born 1917), was an electrical engineer involved in the development of computers. His paternal grandparents were immigrants from Ukraine who settled in Cincinnati in the first decade of the 1900s. In 1950, his family moved to Haddon Township, New Jersey when his father took a job with RCA. Three years later, the family moved to Phoenix, Arizona.:548 Spielberg attended Hebrew school from 1953 to 1957, in classes taught by Rabbi Albert L. Lewis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Technical Education Center Osceola", "paragraph_text": "The Technical Education Center Osceola (TECO) is an institution in unincorporated Osceola County, Florida, United States designed to train individuals for entry-level employment and to improve current job skills for employed students. In August 1999 the \"Professional And Technical High School (PATHS)\" opened on TECO’s Central Florida campus. PATHS allows high school students from all over the Osceola County School District to take advantage of TECO’s technical programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Eniro.se", "paragraph_text": "Eniro.se is a local Swedish search portal offering telephone directory, websearch and maps for Sweden. In addition to this Eniro offers a news aggregator, shopping services, video search, image search and job search. Its biggest competitor is Hitta.se who offer similar services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Steven Spielberg", "paragraph_text": "While still a student, he was offered a small unpaid intern job at Universal Studios with the editing department. He was later given the opportunity to make a short film for theatrical release, the 26-minute, 35mm, Amblin', which he wrote and directed. Studio vice president Sidney Sheinberg was impressed by the film, which had won a number of awards, and offered Spielberg a seven-year directing contract. It made him the youngest director ever to be signed for a long-term deal with a major Hollywood studio.:548 He subsequently dropped out of college to begin professionally directing TV productions with Universal.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Three Rivers Village School", "paragraph_text": "Three Rivers Village School is the first democratic school in Pittsburgh, PA. It operates on the Sudbury school model of democratic education. Three Rivers Village School opened in the Fall of 2013 and accepts students from Kindergarten through twelfth grade. It is a tuition-based private school that offers a sliding scale tuition rate. As of Fall 2014, it enrolls around 25 students.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32014, "question": "What job was SPielberg offered when he was a student?", "answer": "Universal Studios", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 92077, "question": "when did king kong open at #1", "answer": "July 13, 2016", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Audrey McLaughlin", "paragraph_text": "Audrey Marlene McLaughlin (née Brown; born November 8, 1936) was leader of Canada's New Democratic Party (NDP) from 1989 to 1995. She was the first female leader of a political party with representation in the House of Commons of Canada, as well as the first female federal political party leader to represent an electoral district in a Canadian territory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2019 Indian general election", "paragraph_text": "Indian general election, 2019 ← 2014 April - May 2019 2024 → 543 seats in the Lok Sabha 272 seats needed for a majority Opinion polls First party Second party Third party Leader Narendra Modi Sonia Gandhi Edappadi Palaniswami Party BJP INC AIADMK Alliance NDA UPA Third Front Leader since 7 October 2013 14 March 1998 16 February 2017 Leader's seat Varanasi Rae Bareli Did not contest Last election 282 44 37 Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party Leader Mamata Banerjee Naveen Patnaik Uddhav Thackeray Party Trinamool Congress BJD Shiv Sena Alliance NDA Leader since 1998 2000 2013 Leader's seat Did not contest Did not contest Did not contest Last election 34 20 18 Seventh party Eighth party Ninth party Leader N. Chandrababu Naidu K. Chandrashekhar Rao Pawan Kalyan Party TDP TRS Jana Sena Alliance NDA Third Front Leader since 1995 2001 14 March 2014 Leader's seat Did not contest Did not contest Did not contest Last election 16 11 Prime Minister before election Narendra Modi BJP Elected Prime Minister TBD TBD", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Carlos Martínez Gorriarán", "paragraph_text": "Carlos Martínez Gorriarán is a Spanish scholar, born in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain. After being a member of marxist and basque nationalist movements, he became one of the founding members and spokespersons of ¡Basta Ya! association and head of the Plataforma Pro from which the Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) party emerged in September 2007. In ¡Basta Ya! he was opposed to ETA, and also to the \"obligatory nationalism\" that he considered to be occurring in the Basque Country. He is a member of the Directing and Political counsels of the party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Colum Eastwood", "paragraph_text": "Colum Eastwood MLA (born 30 April 1983) is an Irish nationalist politician and leader of the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) since 2015. He was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly in 2011, and has since been re-elected. He is also the SDLP candidate in the 2019 European Parliament election to represent Northern Ireland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Indian National Congress", "paragraph_text": "The Indian National Congress (pronunciation (help info)) (INC, often called Congress) is a broad - based political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th - century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants. The Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nelson Mandela", "paragraph_text": "Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (/ mænˈdɛlə /; 18 July 1918 -- 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was the country's first black head of state and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election. His government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid by tackling institutionalised racism and fostering racial reconciliation. Ideologically an African nationalist and socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress (ANC) party from 1991 to 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Indian National Congress", "paragraph_text": "The Indian National Congress (pronunciation (help info)) (INC, often called Congress) is a broadly based political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants. Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Puppy Dog Pals", "paragraph_text": "Bingo (voiced by Issac Ryan Brown) is a black pug with a blue collar. He is the leader of the two and is Rolly's older brother. Rolly (voiced by Sam Lavagnino) is a fawn pug with a red collar. He is n't as smart as Bingo, and is very silly. He is Bingo's younger brother. In ``Bob Loves Mona '', he starts a bad habit of chewing everything he can find. Bob (voiced by Harland Williams) is the owner of Bingo, Rolly, Hissy, and A.R.F. He works as an inventor. Hissy (voiced by Jessica DiCicco) is a sarcastic purple cat. In some episodes, she ends up going along with Bingo and Rolly on their missions. These episodes are:`` A Pyramaid Scheme'', ``Hissy's Big Day '',`` Bob Loves Mona'', ``Puzzling Pugs '',`` A Seat at the Theatre'', and ``Return to the Pumpkin Patch '', She is the first and currently only female character to sing. A.R.F. (fully known as Auto - Doggy Robotic Friend; voiced by Tom Kenny) is a robotic dog that Bob invented. He first appears in the episode`` A.R.F.''. Later in the series, he is updated by Bob in ``Go, Dog, Go! ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bruno Mégret", "paragraph_text": "Bruno Mégret (born 4 April 1949) is a French nationalist politician. He is the leader of the \"Mouvement National Républicain\" political party, but retired in 2008 from political action.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Live at Lincoln Hall", "paragraph_text": "Live at Lincoln Hall is Joe Pug's first live album. The album was recorded at Lincoln Hall in Chicago. The album includes a guest appearance by Strand of Oaks, who were touring with Pug at the time of the recording. It is the first album by Pug to include a cover: \"Deep Dark Wells,\" based on the song \"Start Again\" by Austin musician Harvey \"Tex\" Thomas Young.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pug", "paragraph_text": "Pugs were brought from China to Europe in the sixteenth century and were popularized in Western Europe by the House of Orange of the Netherlands, and the House of Stuart. In the United Kingdom, in the nineteenth century, Queen Victoria developed a passion for pugs which she passed on to other members of the Royal family.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Federation of Independents", "paragraph_text": "The Federation of Independents (, VdU) was a German nationalist and national-liberal political party in Austria active from 1949 to 1955. It was the predecessor of the Freedom Party of Austria (FPÖ).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sun Yat-sen", "paragraph_text": "Sun Yat - sen (/ ˈsʊn ˈjɑːtˈsɛn /; 12 November 1866 -- 12 March 1925) was the founding father of the Republic of China. The first provisional president of the Republic of China, Sun was a Chinese physician, writer, philosopher, Georgist, calligrapher and revolutionary. As the foremost pioneer and first leader of a Republican China, Sun is referred to as the ``Father of the Nation ''in the Republic of China (ROC) and the`` forerunner of democratic revolution'' in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty (the last imperial dynasty of China) during the years leading up to the Xinhai Revolution. He was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party of China), serving as its first leader. Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th - century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "North Vietnam", "paragraph_text": "Vietnamese revolutionary leader Hồ Chí Minh declared independence from France on 2 September 1945 and announced the creation of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. France reasserted its colonial dominance and a war ensued between France and the Viet Minh, led by President Ho Chi Minh. The Viet Minh (``League for the Independence of Vietnam '') was a coalition of nationalist groups, mostly led by communists. In February 1951, the communists announced the creation of the Lao Động Party (Labor Party), gradually marginalizing non-communists in the Việt Minh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nationalist government", "paragraph_text": "The Nationalist government, officially the National Government of the Republic of China () or the Second Republic of China, refers to the government of the Republic of China between 1 July 1925 and 20 May 1948, led by the Kuomintang (KMT, Chinese Nationalist Party). The name derives from the Kuomintang's translated name \"Nationalist Party\". The government was in place until it was replaced by the current Government of the Republic of China in the newly promulgated Constitution of the Republic of China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu", "paragraph_text": "Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu (December 31, 1954 – March 25, 2009) was a Turkish politician and member of the Parliament of Turkey. He was the leader and founder of the Great Union Party (BBP), a right-wing, nationalist-Islamist political party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Independent Turkey Party", "paragraph_text": "The Independent Turkey Party (, BTP) is a nationalist and Kemalist political party founded on 25 September 2001 by Haydar Baş.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Breton National Party", "paragraph_text": "The Breton National Party (French \"Parti National Breton\", Breton \"Strollad Broadel Breizh\") was a nationalist party in Brittany that existed from 1931 to 1944. The party was disbanded after the liberation of France in World War II, because of ties to the Third Reich.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Benedicto Kiwanuka", "paragraph_text": "Benedicto Kagimu Mugumba Kiwanuka (8 May 1922 – 22 September 1972) was the first prime minister of Uganda, a leader of the Democratic Party, and one of the persons that led the country in the transition between colonial British rule and independence. He was murdered by Idi Amin's regime in 1972.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Natural Albania", "paragraph_text": "Natural Albania () is a nationalist political party in Albania created in 2010 by Koço Danaj. The main objective of the party is to propose a pacific solution to establish Greater Albania. The idea of unification, has roots in the events of the Treaty of London in 1913, when roughly half of the predominantly Albanian territories and 40% of the population were left outside the new country's borders,", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107322, "question": "Which was the country for Pug?", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 90011, "question": "first leader of the nationalist party in #1", "answer": "Sun Yat - sen", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[ "Sun Yat-sen" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 to 20 - year period concluding around 2560 BC. Initially at 146.5 metres (481 feet), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man - made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years. Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base. There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Egyptian pyramids", "paragraph_text": "The most famous Egyptian pyramids are those found at Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo. Several of the Giza pyramids are counted among the largest structures ever built. The Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the largest Egyptian pyramid. It is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still in existence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "Based on a mark in an interior chamber naming the work gang and a reference to the fourth dynasty Egyptian Pharaoh Khufu, Egyptologists believe that the pyramid was built as a tomb over a 10 - to 20 - year period concluding around 2560 BC. Initially at 146.5 metres (481 feet), the Great Pyramid was the tallest man - made structure in the world for more than 3,800 years. Originally, the Great Pyramid was covered by limestone casing stones that formed a smooth outer surface; what is seen today is the underlying core structure. Some of the casing stones that once covered the structure can still be seen around the base. There have been varying scientific and alternative theories about the Great Pyramid's construction techniques. Most accepted construction hypotheses are based on the idea that it was built by moving huge stones from a quarry and dragging and lifting them into place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2.3 million blocks which most believe to have been transported from nearby quarries. The Tura limestone used for the casing was quarried across the river. The largest granite stones in the pyramid, found in the ``King's ''chamber, weigh 25 to 80 tonnes and were transported from Aswan, more than 800 km (500 mi) away. Traditionally, ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks by hammering into them wooden wedges, which were then soaked with water. As the water was absorbed, the wedges expanded, causing the rock to crack. Once they were cut, they were carried by boat either up or down the Nile River to the pyramid. It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of limestone, 8,000 tonnes of granite (imported from Aswan), and 500,000 tonnes of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pyramid of Userkaf", "paragraph_text": "Userkaf's pyramid is located on the northeast corner of Djoser's step pyramid complex. The pyramid was originally around 49 metres (161 ft) high and 73 metres (240 ft) large with an inclination of 53° identical to that of Khufu's great pyramid for a total volume of 87,906 m3 (114,977 cu yd). The core of the pyramid is built of small, roughly-hewn blocks of local limestone disposed in horizontal layers. This meant a considerable saving of labor as compared to the large and more accurately-hewn stone cores of 4th Dynasty pyramids. However, as the outer casing of Userkaf's pyramid fell victim to stone robbers throughout the millennia, the loosely assembled core material was progressively exposed and fared much worse over time than that of the older pyramids. This explains the current ruined state of the pyramid.The pyramid core was constructed in a step-like structure, a construction technique similar to that of the 4th dynasty although the building material was of a significantly lower quality. The outer casing of the pyramid was made of fine Tura limestone which certainly ensured Userkaf's construction an appearance similar to that of the glorious 4th Dynasty pyramids. There was however no red granite paneling over the lower part of the pyramid as in the case of the Pyramid of Menkaure.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Giza pyramid complex", "paragraph_text": "The Pyramids of Giza consist of the Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Cheops or Khufu and constructed c. 2560 -- 2540 BC), the somewhat smaller Pyramid of Khafre (or Chephren) a few hundred meters to the south - west, and the relatively modest - sized Pyramid of Menkaure (or Mykerinos) a few hundred meters farther south - west. The Great Sphinx lies on the east side of the complex. Current consensus among Egyptologists is that the head of the Great Sphinx is that of Khafre. Along with these major monuments are a number of smaller satellite edifices, known as ``queens ''pyramids, causeways and valley pyramids.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai", "paragraph_text": "Abd-al-Dar ibn Qusai forms an important link between his father, Qusai ibn Kilab (c. 400–480), the great-great-grandfather of Shaiba ibn Hashim (Abdul-Mutallib) and his own sons, since he is the progenitor of the Banu Abd-al-dar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "Egyptologists believe the pyramid was built as a tomb for the Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenicised as ``Cheops '') and was constructed over a 20 - year period. Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu (also called Hemon), is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid. It is thought that, at construction, the Great Pyramid was originally 280 Egyptian Royal cubits tall (146.5 metres (480.6 ft)), but with erosion and absence of its pyramidion, its present height is 138.8 metres (455.4 ft). Each base side was 440 cubits, 230.4 metres (755.9 ft) long. The mass of the pyramid is estimated at 5.9 million tonnes. The volume, including an internal hillock, is roughly 2,500,000 cubic metres (88,000,000 cu ft).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "The Great Pyramid consists of an estimated 2.3 million blocks which most believe to have been transported from nearby quarries. The Tura limestone used for the casing was quarried across the river. The largest granite stones in the pyramid, found in the ``King's ''chamber, weigh 25 to 80 tonnes and were transported from Aswan, more than 800 km (500 mi) away. Traditionally, ancient Egyptians cut stone blocks by hammering into them some wooden wedges, which were then soaked with water. As the water was absorbed, the wedges expanded, causing the rock to crack. Once they were cut, they were carried by boat either up or down the Nile River to the pyramid. It is estimated that 5.5 million tonnes of limestone, 8,000 tonnes of granite (imported from Aswan), and 500,000 tonnes of mortar were used in the construction of the Great Pyramid.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Al-Damiri", "paragraph_text": "Al-Damiri belonged to one of the two towns called Damira near Damietta and spent his life in Egypt. Of the Shafiite school of law, he became professor of tradition in the Rukniyya at Cairo, and also at the mosque al-Azhar; in connection with this work he wrote a commentary on the \"Minhāj al-Ṭalibīn\" of Al-Nawawi.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mark Lehner", "paragraph_text": "Mark Lehner is an American archaeologist with more than 30 years of experience excavating in Egypt. He was born in North Dakota in 1950. His approach, as director of Ancient Egypt Research Associates (AERA), is to conduct interdisciplinary archaeological investigation. Every excavated object is examined by specialists to create an overall picture of an archaeological site—from the buildings down to the pollen spores. His international team currently runs the Giza Plateau Mapping Project, excavating and mapping the ancient city of the builders of the Giza pyramid complex, which dates to the fourth dynasty of Egypt. He discovered that Pyramid G1-a, one of the subsidiary pyramids of the Great Pyramid, belonged to Hetepheres I; it was originally thought to belong to Queen Meritites I.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "There are three known chambers inside the Great Pyramid. The lowest chamber is cut into the bedrock upon which the pyramid was built and was unfinished. The so - called Queen's Chamber and King's Chamber are higher up within the pyramid structure. The main part of the Giza complex is a setting of buildings that included two mortuary temples in honour of Khufu (one close to the pyramid and one near the Nile), three smaller pyramids for Khufu's wives, an even smaller ``satellite ''pyramid, a raised causeway connecting the two temples, and small mastaba tombs surrounding the pyramid for nobles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "Based on these estimates, building the pyramid in 20 years would involve installing approximately 800 tonnes of stone every day. Additionally, since it consists of an estimated 2.3 million blocks, completing the building in 20 years would involve moving an average of more than 12 of the blocks into place each hour, day and night. The first precision measurements of the pyramid were made by Egyptologist Sir Flinders Petrie in 1880 -- 82 and published as The Pyramids and Temples of Gizeh. Almost all reports are based on his measurements. Many of the casing stones and inner chamber blocks of the Great Pyramid fit together with extremely high precision. Based on measurements taken on the northeastern casing stones, the mean opening of the joints is only 0.5 millimetre wide (1 / 50 of an inch).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Jordan", "paragraph_text": "Jordan (Arabic: الْأُرْدُنّ ‎ Al - ʾUrdunn (al. ʔur. dunn)), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic: المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية ‎ Al - Mamlakah Al - Urdunnīyah Al - Hāshimīyah), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River. Jordan is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south, Iraq to the north - east, Syria to the north, Israel and Palestine to the west. The Dead Sea lies along its western borders and the country has a small shoreline on the Red Sea in its extreme south - west, but is otherwise landlocked. Jordan is strategically located at the crossroads of Asia, Africa and Europe. The capital, Amman, is Jordan's most populous city as well as the country's economic, political and cultural centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pyramid of Userkaf", "paragraph_text": "Userkaf's pyramid is part of a larger mortuary complex comprising a mortuary temple, an offering chapel and a cult pyramid as well as separate pyramid and mortuary temple for Userkaf's wife, queen Neferhetepes. Userkaf's mortuary temple and cult pyramid are today completely ruined and difficult to recognize. The pyramid of the queen is no more than a mound of rubble, with its funerary chamber exposed by stone robbers.The complex is markedly different from those built during the 4th Dynasty (c. 2613–2494 BC) in its size, architecture and location, being at Saqqara rather than Gizah. As such, Userkaf's pyramid complex could be a manifestation of the profound changes in the ideology of kingship that took place between the 4th and 5th dynasties, changes that may have started during the reign of Userkaf's likely immediate predecessor, Shepseskaf. Some 1500 years after its construction, the pyramid complex was restored under Ramses II. During the much later Saite period (664–525 BC), it was used as a cemetery.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Great Pyramid Robbery", "paragraph_text": "The Great Pyramid Robbery is a fantasy novel by English writer Katherine Roberts, the first book in The Seven Fabulous Wonders series and the prequel to \"The Babylon Game\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "It is believed by Egyptologists that the pyramid was built as a tomb for Fourth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh Khufu (often Hellenicised as ``Cheops '') and was constructed over a 20 - year period. Khufu's vizier, Hemiunu (also called Hemon), is believed by some to be the architect of the Great Pyramid. It is thought that, at construction, the Great Pyramid was originally 280 Egyptian cubits tall (146.5 metres (480.6 ft)), but with erosion and absence of its pyramidion, its present height is 138.8 metres (455.4 ft). Each base side was 440 cubits, 230.4 metres (755.9 ft) long. The mass of the pyramid is estimated at 5.9 million tonnes. The volume, including an internal hillock, is roughly 2,500,000 cubic metres (88,000,000 cu ft).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Al-Biruni (crater)", "paragraph_text": "Al-Biruni is an impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon, just beyond the eastern limb. This portion of the surface is sometimes brought into sight due to librations of the Moon, but due to its location the crater is viewed from the side. Al-Biruni lies to the south of the crater Joliot, and to the northeast of Goddard. It is named after the great Ghaznavid Scientist Al-Biruni.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Great Pyramid of Giza", "paragraph_text": "The Great Pyramid of Giza Owner Khufu Location Giza pyramid complex, Giza, Egypt Coordinates 29 ° 58 ′ 45.03 ''N 31 ° 08 ′ 03.69'' E  /  29.9791750 ° N 31.1343583 ° E  / 29.9791750; 31.1343583 Coordinates: 29 ° 58 ′ 45.03 ''N 31 ° 08 ′ 03.69'' E  /  29.9791750 ° N 31.1343583 ° E  / 29.9791750; 31.1343583 Ancient name Khufu's Horizon Architect Hemiunu Constructed c. 2580 -- 2560 BC (4th dynasty) Type True pyramid Height 146.7 metres (481 ft) or 280 cubits (ancient) 138.8 metres (455 ft) (contemporary) Base 230.34 metres (756 ft) or 440 cubits Volume 2,583,283 cubic metres (91,227,778 cu ft) Slope 51 ° 52 '± 2' UNESCO World Heritage Site Criteria Cultural: (i), (iii), (vi) Reference 86 - 002 Inscription 1979 (3rd Session) Location of Great Pyramid of Giza Related media on Wikimedia Commons (edit on Wikidata)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "History of the world's tallest buildings", "paragraph_text": "The earliest structures now known to be the tallest in the world were the Egyptian pyramids, with the Great Pyramid of Giza, at an original height of 146.5 metres (481 ft), being the tallest man -- made structure in the world for over 3,800 years, until the construction of Lincoln Cathedral in 1300. From then until the completion of the Washington Monument (capped in 1884) the world's tallest buildings were churches or cathedrals. Later, the Eiffel Tower and, still later, some radio masts and television towers were the world's tallest structures.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 102993, "question": "What country was Al-Damiri in?", "answer": "Egypt", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 91649, "question": "where is the great pyramids of #1 located", "answer": "Giza, on the outskirts of Cairo", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

[ "Cairo" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp", "paragraph_text": "Nong Samet Refugee Camp (, also known as 007, Rithisen or Rithysen), located in Nong Samet Village, Khok Sung District, Sa Kaeo Province, Thailand, was one of the largest refugee camps on the Thai-Cambodian border and served as a power base for the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF) until its destruction by the Vietnamese military in late 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Economy of Africa", "paragraph_text": "After an initial rebound from the 2009 world economic crisis, Africa’s economy was undermined in the year 2011 by the Arab uprisings. The continent’s growth fell back from 5% in 2010 to 3.4% in 2011. With the recovery of North African economies and sustained improvement in other regions, growth across the continent is expected to accelerate to 4.5% in 2012 and 4.8% in 2013. Short-term problems for the world economy remain as Europe confronts its debt crisis. Commodity prices—crucial for Africa—have declined from their peak due to weaker demand and increased supply, and some could fall further. But prices are expected to remain at levels favourable for African exporter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tolyatti", "paragraph_text": "The construction of the Kuybyshev Dam and Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River in the 1950s created the Kuybyshev Reservoir, which covered the existing location of the city, and it was completely rebuilt on a new site. In 1964, the city was renamed Tolyatti (after Palmiro Togliatti, the longest-serving secretary of the Italian Communist Party).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Caspian Sea", "paragraph_text": "The Volga River, the largest in Europe, drains 20% of the European land area and is the source of 80% of the Caspian's inflow. Its lower reaches are heavily developed with numerous unregulated releases of chemical and biological pollutants. The UN Environment Programme warns that the Caspian \"suffers from an enormous burden of pollution from oil extraction and refining, offshore oil fields, radioactive wastes from nuclear power plants and huge volumes of untreated sewage and industrial waste introduced mainly by the Volga River\".The magnitude of fossil fuel extraction and transport activity in the Caspian also poses a risk to the environment. The island of Vulf off Baku, for example, has suffered ecological damage as a result of the petrochemical industry; this has significantly decreased the number of species of marine birds in the area. Existing and planned oil and gas pipelines under the sea further increase the potential threat to the environment.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Yaroslavl", "paragraph_text": "Yaroslavl () is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. In 2010, the city had a population of 591,486.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Office of Refugee Resettlement", "paragraph_text": "The Office of Refugee Resettlement was officially established with the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980. It was created in ``an attempt to design a coherent and comprehensive refugee admission and resettlement policy ''. The act (a) gave recognition to the Office of the U.S. Coordinator for Refugee Affairs, which was given authority over the development of U.S.`` refugee admission and resettlement policy'', and (b) established the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, which was given the authority to provide grants with nonprofits for resettlement services (including training and healthcare), and reimbursed states for efforts undertaken within the first three years of a refugee's living in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ulyanovsk Oblast", "paragraph_text": "Ulyanovsk Oblast (Russian: Улья́новская о́бласть, Ulyanovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). It is located in the Volga Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Ulyanovsk. Population: 1,292,799 (2010 Census).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Death of Alan Kurdi", "paragraph_text": "Alan Kurdi (Kurdish: Alan Kurdî‎), initially reported as Aylan Kurdi, was a three-year-old Syrian boy of Kurdish ethnic background whose image made global headlines after he drowned on 2 September 2015 in the Mediterranean Sea. He and his family were Syrian refugees trying to reach Europe amid the European refugee crisis (see timeline). Photographs of his body were taken by Turkish journalist Nilüfer Demir and quickly spread around the world, prompting international responses. Because Kurdî's family had reportedly been trying to reach Canada, his death and the wider refugee crisis immediately became an issue in the 2015 Canadian federal election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Dubna River (Volga basin)", "paragraph_text": "Dubna (Russian: Дубна) is a river in Vladimir Oblast and Moscow Oblast in Russia, a right tributary of the Volga. The length of the river is 167 kilometres. The area of its basin is 5,350 km². Its largest tributary is the Sestra River. The town of Dubna is located at the confluence of the Dubna and Volga rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "Some new immigrants arrived as refugees with no possessions and were housed in temporary camps known as ma'abarot; by 1952, over 200,000 immigrants were living in these tent cities. During this period, food, clothes and furniture had to be rationed in what became known as the Austerity Period. The need to solve the crisis led Ben-Gurion to sign a reparations agreement with West Germany that triggered mass protests by Jews angered at the idea that Israel could accept monetary compensation for the Holocaust.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "The Ordovician Period started at a major extinction event called the Cambrian-Ordovician extinction events some time about 485.4 ± 1.9 Ma. During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana. Gondwana started the period in the equatorial latitudes and, as the period progressed, drifted toward the South Pole. Early in the Ordovician the continents Laurentia, Siberia and Baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent Pannotia earlier), but Baltica began to move toward Laurentia later in the period, causing the Iapetus Ocean to shrink between them. Also, Avalonia broke free from Gondwana and began to head north toward Laurentia. The Rheic Ocean was formed as a result of this. By the end of the period, Gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Volga Delta", "paragraph_text": "The Volga Delta is the largest river delta in Europe, and occurs where Europe's largest river system, the Volga River, drains into the Caspian Sea in Russia's Astrakhan Oblast, north-east of the republic of Kalmykia. The delta is located in the Caspian Depression—the far eastern part of the delta lies in Kazakhstan. The delta drains into the Caspian approximately 60 km downstream from the city of Astrakhan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Molmys River", "paragraph_text": "Molmys River () is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a left tributary of the Yazva River. It is long, and the area of its drainage basin is . It starts on the southeastern slope of Mount Vogulsky Kamen, in the middle part of the Kvarkush mountain range. It flows through the southeastern portion of Krasnovishersky District, its mouth located upstream of the settlement Krasnyi Bereg. There are many rapids throughout the river, and the bottom is rocky.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Krugman's contention (that the growth of a commercial real estate bubble indicates that U.S. housing policy was not the cause of the crisis) is challenged by additional analysis. After researching the default of commercial loans during the financial crisis, Xudong An and Anthony B. Sanders reported (in December 2010): \"We find limited evidence that substantial deterioration in CMBS [commercial mortgage-backed securities] loan underwriting occurred prior to the crisis.\" Other analysts support the contention that the crisis in commercial real estate and related lending took place after the crisis in residential real estate. Business journalist Kimberly Amadeo reports: \"The first signs of decline in residential real estate occurred in 2006. Three years later, commercial real estate started feeling the effects. Denice A. Gierach, a real estate attorney and CPA, wrote:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Skhodnya River", "paragraph_text": "Skhodnya River (), also known as Sukhodnya, Vkhodnya, Vykhodnya and Vskhodnya is a river in the northwest of Moscow, the second largest tributary (after the Yauza River) of the Moskva River. The length of the Skhodnya is 47 km (5 km in Moscow proper). The area of its basin is 17,2 km² (within the city). The Skhodnya originates near the village of Alabushevo (part of Zelenograd) and flows into the Moskva River near the Tushino Airfield. The Skhodnya River is connected with a derivational canal, which supplies water from the Volga River through the Khimki Reservoir (with the help of the Skhodnenskaya hydroelectric plant) to Moscow for sanitary irrigation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Danube", "paragraph_text": "The Danube (/ ˈdænjuːb / DAN - ewb, known by various names in other languages) is Europe's second - longest river, after the Volga River. It is located in Central and Eastern Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Greek government-debt crisis", "paragraph_text": "The Greek crisis started in late 2009, triggered by the turmoil of the Great Recession, structural weaknesses in the Greek economy, and revelations that previous data on government debt levels and deficits had been underreported by the Greek government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Juan José Castelli, Chaco", "paragraph_text": "Juan José Castelli (usually abbreviated to Castelli) is a town in the province of Chaco, Argentina. It is located 274 km from the provincial capital Resistencia and has about 27,000 inhabitants as per the . It is the head town of the General Güemes Department. Its population is mainly of Volga German descent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Viking Truvor", "paragraph_text": "The Viking Truvor () (formerly Sergey Kirov) is a \"Dmitriy Furmanov\"-class (302, BiFa129M) Soviet/Russian river cruise ship, cruising in the Volga – Neva basin. The ship was built by VEB Elbewerften Boizenburg/Roßlau at their shipyard in Boizenburg, East Germany, and entered service in 1987. Her home port is currently Saint Petersburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "European migrant crisis", "paragraph_text": "The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe. It is part of a pattern of increased immigration to Europe from other continents which began in the late 20th century and which has encountered resistance in many European countries.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 162184, "question": "In what continent is the Volga River located?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 90692, "question": "when did the refugee crisis in #1 start", "answer": "2015", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "John Uniac", "paragraph_text": "John Uniac (born March 29, 1971) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He was drafted by the Montreal Canadiens in the 11th round (228th overall) of the 1990 NHL Entry Draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Robert C. Lee", "paragraph_text": "Robert Corwin Lee (August 30, 1888 – September 1, 1971) was Vice President of the Moore-McCormack Lines shipping company, and an officer of the US Navy achieving the rank of Rear Admiral (lower half) in the US Naval Reserve.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Friday Ahunanya", "paragraph_text": "Friday Chinedu Ahunanya (born 19 November 1971 in Port Harcourt, Nigeria) is a professional boxer. He is a journeyman heavyweight best known for beating several undefeated prospects and for his appearances on ESPN fight cards.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "I Just Can't Stop It", "paragraph_text": "I Just Ca n't Stop It is the debut album by UK 2 tone band The Beat. The album was released in 1980 via Go Feet Records in the UK. It was released the same year in the US on Sire Records under the band name ``The English Beat ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Between Miracles", "paragraph_text": "Between Miracles () is a 1971 Italian commedia all'italiana film written and directed by Italian actor Nino Manfredi, in his debut as feature film director.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Swinburne Ice Shelf", "paragraph_text": "The Swinburne Ice Shelf (), is an ice shelf just north of Edward VII Peninsula and the Alexandra Mountains in the southern part of Sulzberger Bay, Antarctica. The ice shelf is 20 miles long and 5 miles wide and extends from Fisher Island to White Islands. It was photographed from aircraft and mapped by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition (ByrdAE), 1928-30. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Captain H.W Swinburne, Jr., Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, during Operation Deep Freeze 1970 and 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Collage (Le Orme album)", "paragraph_text": "Collage is an album by the Italian progressive rock band Le Orme. It was released in 1971. It is the first progressive-like album by the band, who had previously recorded only the beat-oriented \"Ad Gloriam\" of 1968.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hugo Banzer", "paragraph_text": "Hugo Banzer Suárez (; May 10, 1926 – May 5, 2002) was a Bolivian politician, military general and President of Bolivia. He held the Bolivian presidency twice: from 1971 to 1978, as a dictator; and then again from 1997 to 2001, as constitutional President.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Eissporthalle Iserlohn", "paragraph_text": "Eissporthalle Iserlohn is an arena in Iserlohn, Germany. It is primarily used for ice hockey and is the home arena of Iserlohn Roosters. It opened in 1971 and holds 4,999 People", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "You Beat Me to the Punch", "paragraph_text": "``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1971–72 NHL season", "paragraph_text": "The 1971–72 NHL season was the 55th season of the National Hockey League. Fourteen teams each played 78 games. The Boston Bruins beat the New York Rangers four games to two for their second Stanley Cup in three seasons in the finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1970–71 Coupe de France", "paragraph_text": "The Coupe de France's results of the 1970–71 season. Stade Rennais won the final played on 20 June 1971, beating Olympique Lyonnais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Pope Paul VI", "paragraph_text": "In December 2013, Vatican officials approved a supposed miracle that was attributed to the intercession of the late pontiff which was the curing of an unborn child in California, U.S.A in the 1990s. It was expected that Pope Francis would approve the miracle in the near future, thus, warranting the beatification of the late pontiff. In February 2014, it was reported that the consulting Vatican theologians to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints recognized the miracle attributed to the late pontiff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Ingrid Wendl", "paragraph_text": "Turković-Wendl is a two-time European champion (1956, 1958), the 1956 Olympic bronze medalist in ladies' figure skating, and one of the youngest figure skating Olympic medalists. Among her contemporaries were fellow Austrians Hanna Eigel and Hanna Walter. Wendl later became a professional skater and performed in the Viennese Ice Revue (Vienna Ice Revue) and Ice Capades. She retired from the sport in 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Queen (band)", "paragraph_text": "After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits \"I Want It All\", \"Breakthru\", \"The Invisible Man\", \"Scandal\", and \"The Miracle\". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Alexander Grant Ruthven", "paragraph_text": "Alexander Grant Ruthven (April 1, 1882 – January 19, 1971) was the President of the University of Michigan from 1929 to 1951.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Claude LaBrosse", "paragraph_text": "Claude LaBrosse (born February 3, 1934) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. His professional career spanned 16 years, from 1956 to 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "List of leaders of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "Leonid Brezhnev (1906 -- 1982) 14 October 1964 ↓ 10 November 1982 † 23rd -- 26th Congress Served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, was later renamed General Secretary, and was co-equal with premier Alexei Kosygin until the 1970s. To consolidate his power he later assumed the title of Chairman of the Presidium.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "He continued his winning streak in the 1971–74 competitions. In 1975, Schwarzenegger was once again in top form, and won the title for the sixth consecutive time, beating Franco Columbu. After the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, Schwarzenegger announced his retirement from professional bodybuilding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gold standard", "paragraph_text": "Starting in the 1959 -- 1969 administration of President Charles de Gaulle and continuing until 1970, France reduced its dollar reserves, exchanging them for gold at the official exchange rate, reducing US economic influence. This, along with the fiscal strain of federal expenditures for the Vietnam War and persistent balance of payments deficits, led U.S. President Richard Nixon to end international convertibility of the U.S. dollar to gold on August 15, 1971 (the ``Nixon Shock '').", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 50525, "question": "who did the us beat in the miracle on ice", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 43340, "question": "who was the president of #1 in 1971", "answer": "Leonid Brezhnev", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

[ "Brezhnev" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1941 Colima earthquake", "paragraph_text": "The magnitude of this earthquake was put at M 7.7 or M 7.7. The intensities were X (\"Extreme) in Colima, VIII (\"Severe\") in Manzanillo, and V (\"Moderate\") in Mexico City. Ninety people were reported dead. The cathedral of Colima was destroyed. Many houses and public buildings in Colima, including the Federal Palace (Palacio federal) and the Hidalgo Theater (Teatro Hidalgo), were damaged. Of the 8,000 houses in the city of Colima, 900 or 2000 collapsed, according to different sources.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Palmhurst, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Palmhurst is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. The population was 2,607 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican -- American War (1846 -- 1848). The treaty came into force on July 4, 1848.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the \"Grito de Dolores\". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal priests and many poor people. Hidalgo fought to protect the rights of the poor and indigenous population. He started on a march to the capital, Mexico City, but retreated back north when faced with the elite of the royal forces at the outskirts of the capital. He established a liberal government from Guadalajara, Jalisco but was soon forced to flee north by the royal forces that recaptured the city. Hidalgo attempted to reach the United States and gain American support for Mexican independence. HIdalgo reached Saltillo, Coahuila where he publicly resigned his military post and rejected a pardon offered by Viceroy Francisco Venegas in return for Hidalgo's surrender. A short time later, he and his supporters were captured by royalist Ignacio Elizondo at the Wells of Baján (Norias de Baján) on March 21, 1811 and taken to the city of Chihuahua. Hidalgo forced the Bishop of Valladolid, Manuel Abad y Queipo, to rescind the excommunication order he had circulated against him on September 24, 1810. Later, the Inquisition issued an excommunication edict on October 13, 1810 condemning Miguel Hidalgo as a seditionary, apostate, and heretic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Faisalabad", "paragraph_text": "Faisalabad (Urdu: فیصل آباد ‎; English: / fɑːɪsɑːlˌbɑːd /; Lyallpur until 1979), is the third-most - populous city in Pakistan, and the second - largest in the eastern province of Punjab. Historically one of the first planned cities within British India, it has long since developed into a cosmopolitan metropolis. Faisalabad was restructured into city district status; a devolution promulgated by the 2001 local government ordinance (LGO). The total area of Faisalabad District is 5,856 km (2,261 sq mi) while the area controlled by the Faisalabad Development Authority (FDA) is 1,280 km (490 sq mi). Faisalabad has grown to become a major industrial and distribution centre because of its central location in the region and connecting roads, rails, and air transportation. It has been referred to as the ``Manchester of Pakistan ''. Faisalabad's GDP (PPP) in 2013 was $43 billion (USD). The average annual GDP of Faisalabad is $20.5 billion calculated by averaging GDP projections from 2015 to 2025; agriculture and industry remains its hallmark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico City is one of the most important economic hubs in Latin America. The city proper (Federal District) produces 15.8% of the country's gross domestic product. According to a study conducted by PwC, Mexico City had a GDP of $390 billion, ranking it as the eighth richest city in the world after the greater metropolitan areas of Tokyo, New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, Paris, London and Osaka/Kobe (and the richest in the whole of Latin America). Excluding the rest of the Mexican economy, Mexico City alone would rank as the 30th largest economy in the world. Mexico City is the greatest contributor to the country's industrial GDP (15.8%) and also the greatest contributor to the country's GDP in the service sector (25.3%). Due to the limited non-urbanized space at the south—most of which is protected through environmental laws—the contribution of the Federal District in agriculture is the smallest of all federal entities in the country. Mexico City has one of the world's fastest-growing economies and its GDP is set to double by 2020.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "San Juan, Texas", "paragraph_text": "San Juan is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census the population was 33,856, up from 26,229 in 2000. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "La Villa, Texas", "paragraph_text": "La Villa is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas. The population was 1,957 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the McAllen–Edinburg–Mission and Reynosa–McAllen metropolitan areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Apan", "paragraph_text": "Apan is a city and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 346.9 km².", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "North America", "paragraph_text": "North America Area 24,709,000 km (9,540,000 sq mi) (3rd) Population 579,024,000 (2016, 4th) Population density 22.9 / km (59.3 / sq mi) GDP (nominal) $21.2 trillion (2016, 2nd) GDP (PPP) $24.4 trillion (2016, 3rd) GDP per capita $41,830 (2016, 1st) Demonym North American Countries 23 sovereign states Dependencies 23 non-sovereign territories Largest cities List of urban areas: New York City Mexico City Los Angeles Chicago Boston Toronto Dallas -- Fort Worth San Francisco Houston Miami Philadelphia", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially entitled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican -- American War (1846 -- 48). The treaty came into force on July 4, 1848.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Carlos Orellana", "paragraph_text": "Carlos Orellana (28 December 1900 in Hidalgo – 24 January 1960 in Mexico City) was a Mexican actor, film director and screenwriter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Metro Tacubaya", "paragraph_text": "Metro Tacubaya is a station on Lines 1, 7 and 9 of the Mexico City Metro system. It is located in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City, west of the city centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico city primarily rests on what was Lake Texcoco. Seismic activity is frequent here. Lake Texcoco was drained starting from the 17th century. Although none of the lake waters remain, the city rests on the lake bed's heavily saturated clay. This soft base is collapsing due to the over-extraction of groundwater, called groundwater-related subsidence. Since the beginning of the 20th century the city has sunk as much as nine metres (30 feet) in some areas. This sinking is causing problems with runoff and wastewater management, leading to flooding problems, especially during the rainy season. The entire lake bed is now paved over and most of the city's remaining forested areas lie in the southern boroughs of Milpa Alta, Tlalpan and Xochimilco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Granjeno, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Granjeno is a city in Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 293 at the 2010 census. The city sits on the banks of the Rio Grande, near the border with Mexico. Its name comes from the Granjeno tree (\"Celtis pallida\") or spiny hackberry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Edinburg, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Edinburg ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Hidalgo County, Texas, United States. The population was 74,569 as of the 2010 census, and in 2016 the estimated population was 87,650.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "Hyderabad is the largest contributor to the gross domestic product (GDP), tax and other revenues, of Telangana, and the sixth largest deposit centre and fourth largest credit centre nationwide, as ranked by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in June 2012. Its US$74 billion GDP made it the fifth-largest contributor city to India's overall GDP in 2011–12. Its per capita annual income in 2011 was ₹44300 (US$660). As of 2006[update], the largest employers in the city were the governments of Andhra Pradesh (113,098 employees) and India (85,155). According to a 2005 survey, 77% of males and 19% of females in the city were employed. The service industry remains dominant in the city, and 90% of the employed workforce is engaged in this sector.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Metro Cuitláhuac", "paragraph_text": "Metro Cuitláhuac is a station on the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Colonia Popotla and Colonia San Álvaro districts in the Miguel Hidalgo borough of Mexico City, to the northwest of the city centre. It lies along Line 2.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "Hidalgo is hailed as the Father of the Nation even though it was Agustin de Iturbide and not Hidalgo who achieved Mexican Independence in 1821. Shortly after gaining independence, the day to celebrate it varied between September 16, the day of Hidalgo's Grito, and September 27, the day Iturbide rode into Mexico City to end the war. Later, political movements would favor the more liberal Hidalgo over the conservative Iturbide, so that eventually September 16, 1810 became the officially recognized day of Mexican independence. The reason for this is that Hidalgo is considered to be \"precursor and creator of the rest of the heroes of the (Mexican War of) Independence.\" Hidalgo has become an icon for Mexicans who resist tyranny in the country. Diego Rivera painted Hidalgo's image in half a dozen murals. José Clemente Orozco depicted him with a flaming torch of liberty and considered the painting among his best work. David Alfaro Siqueiros was commissioned by San Nicolas University in Morelia to paint a mural for a celebration commemorating the 200th anniversary of Hidalgo's birth. The town of his parish was renamed Dolores Hidalgo in his honor and the state of Hidalgo was created in 1869. Every year on the night of 15–16 September, the president of Mexico re-enacts the Grito from the balcony of the National Palace. This scene is repeated by the heads of cities and towns all over Mexico. The remains of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla lie in the column of the Angel of Independence in Mexico City. Next to it is a lamp lit to represent the sacrifice of those who gave their lives for Mexican Independence.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Metro Tacuba", "paragraph_text": "Metro Tacuba is a station of the Mexico City Metro. It is located in the Tacuba district of the Miguel Hidalgo borough, to the west of downtown Mexico City. It lies along Lines 2 and 7.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 11785, "question": "In which city do Hidalgo's remains lie?", "answer": "Mexico City.", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 19219, "question": "What is the GDP of #1 ?", "answer": "$390 billion", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "J. J. Carlock House", "paragraph_text": "J. J. Carlock House, is located in Saddle River, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The house was built in 1825 and was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 29, 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "River Valley High School (Michigan)", "paragraph_text": "River Valley High School is the high school for the River Valley School District located in Three Oaks, Michigan, United States. River Valley High School houses grades 6-12.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bradford, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "Bradford is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,650 at the 2010 census. The main village of the town, where 356 people resided at the 2010 census, is defined as the Bradford census-designated place (CDP), and is located in the northeast part of the town, west of the junction of New Hampshire routes 103 and 114. The town also includes the village of Bradford Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Contoocook Lake", "paragraph_text": "Contoocook Lake () is a water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the towns of Jaffrey and Rindge. The lake, along with Pool Pond, forms the headwaters of the Contoocook River, which flows north to the Merrimack River in Penacook, New Hampshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tungabhadra River", "paragraph_text": "The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that starts and flows through the state of Karnataka during most of its course, before flowing along the border between Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and ultimately joining the Krishna River near Alampur village in Gadwal district of Telangana. In the epic \"Ramayana\", the Tungabhadra River was known by the name of Pampa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Haw River State Park", "paragraph_text": "Haw River State Park is a North Carolina state park in Guilford and Rockingham Counties, North Carolina in the United States. As one of the newest state parks in North Carolina, Haw River has limited recreational opportunities. Haw River State Park currently houses the Summit Environmental Education Center and is located off North Carolina Highway 150 in Browns Summit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Starvation Creek State Park", "paragraph_text": "Starvation Creek State Park is a state park located west of Hood River, Oregon in the Columbia River Gorge. It was named Starvation Creek because a train was stopped there by snow drifts and passengers had to dig out the train. No one starved there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "West Branch Warner River", "paragraph_text": "The West Branch of the Warner River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Warner River, part of the Contoocook River (and ultimately Merrimack River) watershed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rosenbad", "paragraph_text": "Rosenbad is located on \"Strömgatan\" on the north side of the river Norrström. It was designed by Art Nouveau architect Ferdinand Boberg, and completed in 1902. It originally housed a variety of functions, including a restaurant (until 1956) of the same name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "New London, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "New London is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 4,397 at the 2010 census. The town is the home of Colby–Sawyer College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pembroke, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "Pembroke is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 7,115 at the 2010 census. Pembroke includes part of the village of Suncook. The center of population of New Hampshire is located in Pembroke.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hill, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "Hill is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,089 at the 2010 census. It is home to William Thomas State Forest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Merrimack, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "Merrimack is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 25,494 at the 2010 census, and an estimated 25,660 in 2017, making it the ninth-largest municipality in New Hampshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "South Newbury, New Hampshire", "paragraph_text": "South Newbury is an unincorporated community in the town of Newbury in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located along New Hampshire Route 103, southeast of the main village of Newbury. Route 103 continues east to the towns of Bradford and Warner.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Otzoloapan", "paragraph_text": "Otzoloapan Municipality is a municipality located at the southeast of the State of Mexico. The name is from the Náhuatl 'Oceloapan' which means \"river of lynxes\". It is located in the southwest part of the state bordering the state of Michoacán.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Greeley Park", "paragraph_text": "Greeley Park is a public park in Nashua, New Hampshire, United States, occupying extending from the Merrimack River, across Concord Street, to Manchester Street. The property was originally bought in 1801 by Joseph Greeley, who passed it on to his son after his death. The land was deeded to the city of Nashua in 1896 by Joseph Thornton Greeley, the grandson of the original Joseph Greeley. In 1908, John E. Cotton donated $5000, an amount that was \"matched by city funds\", to change the Greeley Farm into a public park. The money was used to create a \"stone and cement rest house, a fountain, a shallow pond, a gravel walk, and flower beds\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Miles Smith Farm", "paragraph_text": "Miles Smith Farm is a family-owned grass-fed beef farm located on Whitehouse Road (New Hampshire Route 106) in Loudon, New Hampshire, United States. Formerly a working family farm and stoneworks, its have a panoramic view of the Merrimack Valley to the southwest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Fowler River", "paragraph_text": "The Fowler River is a river located in central New Hampshire in the United States. It is an inflow to Newfound Lake, part of the Pemigewasset River and therefore Merrimack River watersheds. Below Bog Brook, the Fowler River is subject to the New Hampshire Comprehensive Shoreland Protection Act.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kraus House", "paragraph_text": "The Kraus House, also known as the Frank Lloyd Wright House in Ebsworth Park, is a house in Kirkwood, Missouri designed by architect Frank Lloyd Wright. The house was designed and constructed for Russell and Ruth Goetz Kraus, and the initial design was conceived in 1950. Construction continued until at least 1960 and was never formally completed. The owners lived in the house for about 40 years (Ruth died in 1992).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Meramec River", "paragraph_text": "The Meramec River (/ ˈmɛrɪmæk /) is one of the longest free - flowing waterways in Missouri, draining 3,980 square miles (10,300 km) while wandering 218 miles (351 km) from headwaters near Salem to where it empties into the Mississippi River near St. Louis at Arnold and Oakville. The Meramec watershed covers six Missouri Ozark Highland counties -- Dent, Phelps, Crawford, Franklin, Jefferson, and St. Louis -- and portions of eight others -- Maries, Gasconade, Iron, Washington, Reynolds, St. Francois, Ste. Genevieve, and Texas. Between its source and its mouth, it falls 1,025 feet (312 m). Year - round navigability begins above Maramec Spring, just south of St. James. The Meramec's size increases at the confluence of the Dry Fork, and its navigability continues until the river enters the Mississippi at Arnold, Missouri.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 130085, "question": "What is the name of the state where Kraus House is located?", "answer": "Missouri", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 65406, "question": "where does the merrimack river start in #1", "answer": "near Salem", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ray Werner", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Werner (c. 1935 – May 17, 1998) was the third on the Alberta Avenue CC curling team (from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) during the World Curling Championships known as the 1961 Scotch Cup. He died in 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Terry Kleffman", "paragraph_text": "Terry Kleffman was the Third man on the Hibbing CC curling team (from Minnesota, United States) during the World Curling Championships known as the 1962 Scotch Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jordan Pinder", "paragraph_text": "Jordan Pinder (born 24 April 1984 in Miramichi, New Brunswick), is a Canadian curler originally from New Brunswick. He now lives in Blockhouse, Nova Scotia, and curls out of the Lakeshore Curling Club in Lower Sackville, Nova Scotia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "400 metres at the Olympics", "paragraph_text": "400 metres at the Olympic Games The 2012 Olympic men's 400 m final Overview Sport Athletics Gender Men and women Years held Men: 1896 -- 2016 Women: 1964 -- 2016 Olympic record Men 43.03 Wayde van Niekerk (2016) Women 48.25 Marie - José Pérec (1996) Reigning champion Men Wayde van Niekerk (RSA) Women Shaunae Miller (BAH)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Curling at the Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Lorne De Pape", "paragraph_text": "Lorne De Pape (born 18 April 1955 in Saint Boniface, Manitoba) is a Canadian-born New Zealand curler. He moved to New Zealand in the 1990s due to his job for Monsanto. He competed for New Zealand at the 2006 Winter Olympics despite the country having limited curling resources at the time. His curling teammates were skip Sean Becker, Hans Frauenlob, Dan Mustapic and Warren Dobson. Before that he had helped found the Auckland Curling Club in 1996 and has won 4 gold medals at the Pacific Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rick Sawatsky", "paragraph_text": "Richard \"Rick\" Sawatsky (born February 26, 1976 in Sioux Lookout, Ontario) is a Canadian curler from Kelowna, British Columbia. He is currently the lead for the Jim Cotter team that curls out of the Kelowna Curling Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Marcia Gudereit", "paragraph_text": "Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, she was part of Team Schmirler, the women's curling team that won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics. This team is the only 3-time winner of the World Curling Championship (1993, 1994, 1997). After Sandra died, she remained in the team, now skipped by Jan Betker for whom she currently plays. She curls out of the Caledonia Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan and works as a systems analyst for The Co-operators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2009 United States Olympic Curling Trials", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 United States Olympic Curling Team Trials were held from February 21 to 28, 2009 at the Broomfield Event Center in Broomfield, Colorado. Trials have been held ever since curling returned to the Olympics as a demonstration sport in 1988. The trials also constituted the 2009 United States National Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Square Biz", "paragraph_text": "\"Square Biz\" is a song by American R&B singer, Teena Marie. The song was released as a single in 1981 from the album \"It Must Be Magic\". It would go on to become one of Marie's signature songs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Rolling Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Rolling Bridge is a type of curling movable bridge completed in 2004 as part of the Grand Union Canal office and retail development project at Paddington Basin, London. Despite the connotation of its name, it is more accurately described as \"\"curling\"\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Winter Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The Olympic Winter Games (official name) (French: Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practised on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France. The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating). The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948. Until 1992 the Winter and Summer Olympic Games were held in the same years, but in accordance with a 1986 decision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to place the Summer and Winter Games on separate four - year cycles in alternating even - numbered years, the next Winter Olympics after 1992 was in 1994.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2018 World Men's Curling Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the 361 _̊ World Men's Curling Championship 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 31 to April 8, 2018 at Orleans Arena, on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Curling at the 2003 Winter Universiade", "paragraph_text": "Curling at the 2003 Winter Universiade took place from January 17 to 23 at the Curling Arena in Tarvisio, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Half crown (British coin)", "paragraph_text": "The half crown was a denomination of British money, equivalent to two shillings and sixpence, or one - eighth of a pound. The half crown was first issued in 1549, in the reign of Edward VI. No half crowns were issued in the reign of Mary, but from the reign of Elizabeth I half crowns were issued in every reign except Edward VIII, until the coins were discontinued in 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Championship League", "paragraph_text": "Championship League is a non-ranking snooker tournament, devised by Matchroom Sport. The tournament was originally held at the Crondon Park Golf Club in Stock, Essex, from its debut in 2008 until 2016. From 2017, it has been held at the Ricoh Arena in Coventry. Martin Gould is the reigning champion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Leaving on a Jet Plane", "paragraph_text": "``Leaving on a Jet Plane ''is a song written by John Denver in 1966 and most famously recorded by Peter, Paul and Mary. The original title of the song was`` Babe, I Hate to Go'', as featured on his 1966 studio album John Denver Sings, but Denver's then producer Milt Okun convinced him to change the title. Peter, Paul and Mary recorded the song for their 1967 Album 1700 but only released it as a single in 1969.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Bud McCartney", "paragraph_text": "Bud McCartney was the lead on the Granite Curling Club curling team (from Seattle, Washington, United States) during the Curling World Championships known as the 1961 Scotch Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Curling", "paragraph_text": "Curling Curling games taking place during the 2005 Tim Hortons Brier Highest governing body World Curling Federation Nicknames Chess On Ice, The Roaring Game First played Approximately late medieval Scotland Registered players est. 1,500,000 Characteristics Contact No Team members 4 or 3 per team (2 in mixed doubles) Mixed gender Yes; see mixed curling Type Precision and accuracy Equipment Curling brooms, stones (rocks), curling shoes Venue Curling sheet Glossary Glossary of curling Presence Olympic First event in 1924 (retroactively made official in 2006). Demonstration sport in 1932, 1988 and 1992. Officially added in 1998. Paralympic Wheelchair curling officially added in 2006.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 73940, "question": "where did the sport of curling originate from", "answer": "Scotland", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 56195, "question": "when does mary go to #1 in reign", "answer": "19 August 1561", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "Southern Europe's most emblematic climate is that of the Mediterranean climate, which has become a typically known characteristic of the area. The Mediterranean climate covers much of Portugal, Spain, Southeast France, Italy, Croatia, Albania, Montenegro, Greece, the Western and Southern coastal regions of Turkey as well as the Mediterranean islands. Those areas of Mediterranean climate present similar vegetations and landscapes throughout, including dry hills, small plains, pine forests and olive trees.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sex and Lucia", "paragraph_text": "Sex and Lucía () is a 2001 Spanish drama film written and directed by Julio Medem, and starring Paz Vega and Tristán Ulloa. The film was shot on two separate locations along the Mediterranean coast in Spain and France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gobela (Metro Bilbao)", "paragraph_text": "Gobela is a station of the Line 1 of Metro Bilbao. It is located at the neighborhood of Romo, in the municipality of Getxo in the Greater Bilbao area. The station after is Areeta and the station before is Neguri. It is an elevated station and its fare zone is B1.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal", "paragraph_text": "The Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal is a healthcare journal published by the Eastern Mediterranean Regional office of World Health Organisation of the World Health Organization. It covers research in the area of public health and related biomedical or technical subjects, with particular relevance to the Eastern Mediterranean region. It was established in 1995 and articles are in Arabic, English, or French.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Città Studi", "paragraph_text": "Città Studi (literally, \"city of the studies\") is a district (\"quartiere\") of Milan, Italy, located within the Zone 3 administrative division. Its name comes from the fact that the Politecnico technical university, as well as most technical and scientific branches of the University of Milan, are based in this area. The area also houses several prominent hospitals of Milan, including the IRCCS National Cancer Foundation and the Carlo Besta Neurological Institute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mediterranean Sea", "paragraph_text": "Two of the most notable Mediterranean civilizations in classical antiquity were the Greek city states and the Phoenicians, both of which extensively colonized the coastlines of the Mediterranean. Later, when Augustus founded the Roman Empire, the Romans referred to the Mediterranean as Mare Nostrum (``Our Sea ''). For the next 400 years, the Roman Empire completely controlled the Mediterranean Sea and virtually all its coastal regions from Gibraltar to the Levant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Chihuahua (state)", "paragraph_text": "The plains at the foot of the Sierra Madre Occidental is an elongated mesa known as Altiplanicie Mexicana that exhibits a steppe climate and serves as a transition zone from the mountain climate in the western part of the state to the desert climate in the eastern side of the state. The steppe zone accounts for a third of the state's area, and it experiences pronounced dry and wet seasons. The pronounced rainy season in the steppe is usually observed in the months of July, August, and September. The steppe also encounters extreme temperatures that often reach over 100 °F in the summer and drop below 32 °F in the winter. The steppe zone is an important agriculture zone due to an extensive development of canals exploiting several rivers that flow down from the mountains. The steppe zone is the most populated area of the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Paulilles", "paragraph_text": "Paulilles is a protected area on the Mediterranean Sea, located between the towns of Port-Vendres, and Banyuls-sur-Mer in Pyrénées-Orientales, North Catalonia, France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Port Said Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Port Said Governorate ( \"\") is one of the Canal Zone governorates of Egypt. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, on the Mediterranean Sea at the northern gate of the Suez Canal, making it the second most important harbor in Egypt. Its capital is the city of Port Said, and is the home of the Suez Canal Authority historical administrative building and the Lighthouse of Port Said.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Berango (Metro Bilbao)", "paragraph_text": "Berango is a station of the Line 1 of Metro Bilbao. It is located in the municipality of Berango, in the \"comarca\" of Mungialdea inside the Bilbao metropolitan area. The station before is Larrabasterra and the station after is Bidezabal. It is an at-grade station and its fare zone is B1.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Italy", "paragraph_text": "Italy is located in Southern Europe, between latitudes 35° and 47° N, and longitudes 6° and 19° E. To the north, Italy borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia and is roughly delimited by the Alpine watershed, enclosing the Po Valley and the Venetian Plain. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula and the two Mediterranean islands of Sicily and Sardinia (the two biggest islands of the Mediterranean), in addition to many smaller islands. The sovereign states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Majungasaurus", "paragraph_text": "Majungasaurus is classified as a member of the theropod clade Abelisauridae, which is considered a family in Linnaean taxonomy. Along with the family Noasauridae, abelisaurids are included in the superfamily Abelisauroidea, which is in turn a subdivision of the infraorder Ceratosauria. Abelisaurids are known for their tall skulls with blunt snouts, extensive sculpturing on the outer surfaces of the facial bones (convergent with carcharodontosaurids), very reduced (atrophied) forelimbs (convergent with tyrannosaurids), and stocky hindlimb proportions, among other features.As with many dinosaur families, the systematics (evolutionary relationships) within the family Abelisauridae are confused. Several cladistic studies have indicated that Majungasaurus shares a close relationship with Carnotaurus from South America, while others were unable to firmly place it in the phylogeny. The most recent analysis, using the most complete information, instead recovered Majungasaurus in a clade with Rajasaurus and Indosaurus from India, but excluding South American genera like Carnotaurus, Ilokelesia, Ekrixinatosaurus, Aucasaurus and Abelisaurus, as well as Rugops from mainland Africa. This leaves open the possibility of separate clades of abelisaurids in western and eastern Gondwana.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Sichuan", "paragraph_text": "Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (Chinese: 成都经济技术开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū jīngjì jìshù kāifā qū) was approved as state-level development zone in February 2000. The zone now has a developed area of 10.25 km2 (3.96 sq mi) and has a planned area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (CETDZ) lies 13.6 km (8.5 mi) east of Chengdu, the capital city of Sichuan Province and the hub of transportation and communication in southwest China. The zone has attracted investors and developers from more than 20 countries to carry out their projects there. Industries encouraged in the zone include mechanical, electronic, new building materials, medicine and food processing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mediterranean climate", "paragraph_text": "The resulting vegetation of Mediterranean climates are the garrigue in the Mediterranean Basin, the chaparral in California, the fynbos in South Africa and the Chilean scrubland in Chile. Areas with this climate are where the so - called ``Mediterranean trinity ''has traditionally developed: wheat, vine and olive.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "The sovereign territory of Israel (according to the demarcation lines of the 1949 Armistice Agreements and excluding all territories captured by Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War) is approximately 20,770 square kilometers (8,019 sq mi) in area, of which two percent is water. However Israel is so narrow that the exclusive economic zone in the Mediterranean is double the land area of the country. The total area under Israeli law, including East Jerusalem and the Golan Heights, is 22,072 square kilometers (8,522 sq mi), and the total area under Israeli control, including the military-controlled and partially Palestinian-governed territory of the West Bank, is 27,799 square kilometers (10,733 sq mi). Despite its small size, Israel is home to a variety of geographic features, from the Negev desert in the south to the inland fertile Jezreel Valley, mountain ranges of the Galilee, Carmel and toward the Golan in the north. The Israeli Coastal Plain on the shores of the Mediterranean is home to 57 percent of the nation's population. East of the central highlands lies the Jordan Rift Valley, which forms a small part of the 6,500-kilometer (4,039 mi) Great Rift Valley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ebro", "paragraph_text": "Just as it enters Catalonia, the Ebro Valley narrows, and the river becomes constrained by mountain ranges, making wide bends. Massive dams have been built in this area, such as the dams at Mequinenza (Province of Zaragoza, 1955), Riba-roja (1955) and Flix (1948), the latter two in the Province of Tarragona. In the final section of its course the river bends southwards and flows through spectacular gorges. The massive calcareous cliffs of the Serra de Cardó range constrain the river during this last stretch, separating the Ebro Valley from the Mediterranean coastal area. After passing the gorges, the Ebro bends again eastwards near Tortosa before discharging in a delta on the Mediterranean Sea close to Amposta in the province of Tarragona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Wesley Chapel, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Wesley Chapel, Texas is an unincorporated community in Houston County, Texas, United States. It is located off Farm to Market Road 229, six miles from Crockett, Texas. It was settled after the American Civil War, and a school was built in 1897. The community had disbanded by 1990. Students in the area are zoned within the Crockett Independent School District.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jasper, Indiana", "paragraph_text": "Jasper is a city in, and the county seat of Dubois County, Indiana, United States, located along the Patoka River. The population was 15,038 at the 2010 census making it the 48th largest city in Indiana. On November 4, 2007, Dubois County returned to the Eastern Time Zone, after having moved to the Central Time Zone the previous year. Land use in the area is primarily agricultural.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mediterranean climate", "paragraph_text": "A Mediterranean climate / ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən / or dry summer climate, is the climate typical of areas in the Mediterranean Basin. The Mediterranean climate is usually characterized by rainy winters and dry, warm to hot summers. While the climate receives its name from the Mediterranean Sea, an area where this climate is commonplace, it is also present in other areas of the planet, although with variations in the distribution of temperatures. In addition to the Mediterranean Basin, the climate is also found in most of California in the United States, in parts of Western and South Australia, in southwestern South Africa, sections of Western and Central Asia, and in Central Chile.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Zec Jeannotte, Québec", "paragraph_text": "The ZEC Jeannotte is a zone d'exploitation contrôlée (Controlled harvesting area), located in Lac-Édouard, in the administrative region of Mauricie, in Quebec, in Canada.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161176, "question": "Which contenent is Rugops from?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 62477, "question": "the mediterranean zone is located in which two areas of #1", "answer": "fynbos in South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[ "SA", "South Africa", "za" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Lydia Artymiw", "paragraph_text": "Lydia Artymiw is Distinguished McKnight Professor of Piano at the University of Minnesota. She has recorded for Chandos, Centaur, Pantheon, Artegra, and Bridge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "The centre of Southampton is located above a large hot water aquifer that provides geothermal power to some of the city's buildings. This energy is processed at a plant in the West Quay region in Southampton city centre, the only geothermal power station in the UK. The plant provides private electricity for the Port of Southampton and hot water to the Southampton District Energy Scheme used by many buildings including the WestQuay shopping centre. In a 2006 survey of carbon emissions in major UK cities conducted by British Gas, Southampton was ranked as being one of the lowest carbon emitting cities in the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "I Loved Tiberius", "paragraph_text": "Jeg elsket Tiberius is a 1959 romance novel by Elisabeth Dored. It was first translated into English by Naomi Walford in Great Britain by Methuen and United States by Pantheon Books in 1963 under the name I Loved Tiberius. The novel was written as a careful reappraisal of the contemporary sources, placing Julia and Tiberius in a more positive light. The novel is set in 1st century BC Rome, centred on Julia the Elder, the daughter of Augustus and her life right up until her death. The novel begins with Julia's birth and her mother being forbidden to see her. The plot is mainly focused on Julia's love life, notably her relationship with her stepbrother, Tiberius.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Worlds I Create", "paragraph_text": "Worlds I Create is the third full-length album from Norwegian black metal band, Pantheon I and was released in Europe on 29 July 2009 and in North America on 11 August of the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pantheon, Rome", "paragraph_text": "It is one of the best - preserved of all Ancient Roman buildings, in large part because it has been in continuous use throughout its history, and since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been used as a church dedicated to ``St. Mary and the Martyrs ''(Latin: Santa Maria ad Martyres) but informally known as`` Santa Maria Rotonda''. The square in front of the Pantheon is called Piazza della Rotonda. The Pantheon is a state property, ruled by Italy's Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism through the Polo Museale del Lazio; in 2013 it was visited by over 6 million people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pacific Rim Shopping Centre", "paragraph_text": "Pacific Rim Shopping Centre is an outdoor shopping centre in Port Alberni, British Columbia, formatted as a power centre. It is located on the north side of town at the intersection of Cherry Creek Road and Johnson Road where the latter becomes known as the Alberni Highway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Pantheon, Rome", "paragraph_text": "The Pantheon (/ ˈpænθiən / or US: / ˈpænθiɒn /; Latin: Pantheum, from Greek Πάνθειον Pantheion, ``(temple) of all the gods '') is a former Roman temple, now a church, in Rome, Italy, on the site of an earlier temple commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus (27 BC -- 14 AD). The present building was completed by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD. He retained Agrippa's original inscription, which has caused confusion over its date of construction as the original Pantheon burned down, so it is not certain when the present one was built.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "There But For The", "paragraph_text": "There But For The is a 2011 novel by Scottish author Ali Smith, first published in the UK by Hamish Hamilton and in the US by Pantheon, and set in 2009 and 2010 in Greenwich, London. It was cited by both \"The Guardian\" book review and the \"Publishers Weekly\" as one of the best books of the year. and was also longlisted for the 2012 Orange Prize for Fiction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Plymouth", "paragraph_text": "There is a project involving the future relocation of Plymouth City Council's headquarters, the civic centre, to the current location of the Bretonside bus station; it would involve both the bus station and civic centre being demolished and a rebuilt together at the location with the land from the civic centre being sold off. Other suggestions include the demolition of the Plymouth Pavilions entertainment arena to create a canal \"boulevard\" linking Millbay to the city centre. Millbay is being regenerated with mixed residential, retail and office space alongside the ferry port.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service", "paragraph_text": "The Service Headquarters is located in Hertford whilst the Training and Development Centre and Fire Control Centre are located in Stevenage. It is administered by a Fire Authority which is an internal part of Hertfordshire County Council. The Chief Fire Officer is Darryl Keen, assisted by Deputy Chief Fire Officer Chris Bigland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Strehlow Research Centre", "paragraph_text": "The Strehlow Research Centre is a museum and cultural centre located in Alice Springs in the Northern Territory of Australia. The Research Centre is responsible for the care of the Strehlow Collection of Indigenous central Australian ethnographic objects and archival materials. It is managed by the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pantheon Fossae", "paragraph_text": "The Pantheon Fossae are a radial set of troughs in a region in the middle of Caloris Basin on Mercury. They appear to be a set of graben formed by extensional faults, with a 40 km crater located near the center of the pattern. The exact origin of this pattern of troughs is not currently known. The feature was nicknamed \"the Spider\" before receiving its official name.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Aquatic Hall of Fame and Museum of Canada", "paragraph_text": "The Aquatic Hall of Fame and Museum of Canada (www.AHFMC.ca) / La Galerie de la Renommée et le Musée Nautiques du Canada (www.GRMNC.ca) located in the Pan Am Pool in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada closed in 2006 and the collection was placed in storage. In March 2014 the City of Winnipeg and the AHFMC reached an amicable resolution regarding the use of the facilities and the AHFMC will be returning to its location at the Pan Am aquatic centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "House of Leaves", "paragraph_text": "House of Leaves is the debut novel by American author Mark Z. Danielewski, published in March 2000 by Pantheon Books. A bestseller, it has been translated into a number of languages, and is followed by a companion piece, \"The Whalestoe Letters\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nygård, Norway", "paragraph_text": "Nygård is a neighbourhood in the city centre of Bergen in Hordaland county, Norway. It is located south of the Lille Lungegårdsvannet lake in the city centre and north of the Møhlenpris neighborhood. Grieghallen, St. Jacob's Church, and parts of the University of Bergen are located in Nygård.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Three Graces (Indianapolis)", "paragraph_text": "The Three Graces is a nearly life-size, figurative Carrara marble outdoor sculpture group located on the historic Oldfields estate on the campus of the Indianapolis Museum of Art (IMA), in Indianapolis, Indiana. The neoclassical marble sculpture depicts the Three Graces, minor goddesses of the Greco-Roman pantheon. The group consists of three women frontally oriented, standing in a row upon a base. The sculpture is modeled after a \"c.\" 1797 sculpture by Antonio Canova.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property", "paragraph_text": "1957 – Agreement is signed between UNESCO and Italy to establish the Centre in Rome. Austria becomes the first Member State.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Nathan, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Nathan is home to Toohey Forest Conservation Park, Griffith University's Nathan campus and the Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre which hosted the opening ceremony of the 1982 Commonwealth Games. The Queensland Academy of Sport currently uses the facilities located at the stadium. The Mount Gravatt Cemetery is part of Nathan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kähäri", "paragraph_text": "Kähäri is a district of the city of Turku, in Finland. It is located to the northwest of the city centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Maus", "paragraph_text": "Pantheon collected the last five chapters in 1991 in a second volume subtitled And Here My Troubles Began. Pantheon later collected the two volumes into soft - and hardcover two - volume boxed sets and single - volume editions. In 1994 the Voyager Company released The Complete Maus on CD - ROM, a collection which contained the original comics, Vladek's taped transcripts, filmed interviews, sketches, and other background material. The CD - ROM was based on HyperCard, a Macintosh - only application that has since become obsolete. In 2011 Pantheon Books published a companion to The Complete Maus entitled MetaMaus, with further background material, including filmed footage of Vladek. The centerpiece of the book is a Spiegelman interview conducted by Hillary Chute. It also has interviews with Spiegelman's wife and children, sketches, photographs, family trees, assorted artwork, and a DVD with video, audio, photos, and an interactive version of Maus.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159171, "question": "Where was the Centre located?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 49385, "question": "what was the pantheon in #1 used for", "answer": "temple, now a church", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "Temple", "temple" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Drop goal", "paragraph_text": "A drop goal, field goal, dropped goal, or pot is a method of scoring points in rugby union and rugby league and also, rarely, in American football and Canadian football. A drop goal is scored by drop kicking the ball over the crossbar and between the goalposts. After the kick, the ball must not touch the ground before it goes over and through, although it may touch the crossbar. If the drop goal attempt is successful, play stops and the non-scoring team (the scoring team in rugby union sevens) restarts play with a kick from halfway. If the kick is unsuccessful, the offside rules for a kick apply and play continues until a normal stoppage occurs. Because of the scoring attempt this is usually from the kicked ball going dead or into touch. Defenders may tackle the kicker while he is in possession of the ball, or attempt to charge down or block the kick.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "How to Be a Jewish Mother", "paragraph_text": "How to Be a Jewish Mother is a 1964 Jewish humor book by American humorist Dan Greenburg which was the best selling non-fiction book in the United States in 1965, with 270,000 copies sold. The book was first published by Price Stern Sloan under publisher Larry Sloan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Nora, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Nora is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cottage Grove, Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. Nora is located on U.S. Route 12 and U.S. Route 18 west-southwest of Deerfield. Nora has existed since at least 1877, at which time it had a post office with tri-weekly mail service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Cottage House", "paragraph_text": "The Cottage House, formerly known as the White Horse Inn and Vernon Stiles Inn, is a historic bed and breakfast located in Thompson, Connecticut, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Roosevelt Point Cottage and Boathouse", "paragraph_text": "The Roosevelt Point Cottage and Boathouse are located on the Hudson River near the end of River Point Road in Hyde Park, New York, United States. They were both built around 1860 as part of Rosedale, the estate of Isaac Roosevelt, grandfather of Franklin D. Roosevelt.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bishop Asbury Cottage", "paragraph_text": "Bishop Asbury Cottage () is a 17th-century cottage on Newton Road, Great Barr, England, known for being the boyhood home of Francis Asbury (1745 – 1816), one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church (now The United Methodist Church) in the United States. It is now a museum in his memory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Newstead House, Brisbane", "paragraph_text": "Newstead House is Brisbane's oldest surviving residence and is located on the Breakfast Creek bank of the Brisbane River, in the northern Brisbane suburb of Newstead, in Queensland, Australia. Built as a small cottage in the Colonial-Georgian style in 1846, the cottage was extended and today is painted and furnished in a late Victorian style.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Big Brother 20 (American season)", "paragraph_text": "Head of Household (``Land a Job ''): When the competition starts HouseGuests must step up to the launch pad and launch their ball into the new town of`` San Brosé'' The building the ball lands on has a corresponding salary. The HouseGuest with the highest salary after everyone has launched their balls became the new HoH. Kaitlyn was the winner and became the second HoH of the season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "New Year's Eve", "paragraph_text": "The most prominent celebration in the country is the ``ball drop ''held in New York City's Times Square. Inspired by the time balls that were formerly used as a time signal, at 11: 59 p.m. ET, an 11,875 - pound (5,386 kg), 12 - foot - diameter (3.7 m) ball covered in panels made of Waterford crystal, is lowered down a 70 feet (21 m) high pole on the roof of One Times Square, reaching the roof of the building 60 seconds later at midnight. The event has been held since 1907, and has seen an average attendance of 1,000,000 yearly. The popularity of the spectacle has inspired similar events outside of New York City, where objects that represent a region's culture, geography, or history are raised or lowered in a similar fashion -- such as Atlanta's Peach Drop, representing Georgia's identity as the`` Peach State'', and Brasstown, North Carolina's lowering of a live opossum in a glass enclosure (an event which has historically attracted criticism from animal rights groups).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cottage Township, Saline County, Illinois", "paragraph_text": "Cottage Township is located in Saline County, Illinois. As of the 2010 census, its population was 219 and it contained 108 housing units.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Attoway R. Davis Home", "paragraph_text": "The Attoway R. Davis Home, also known as the Attoway Davis Cottage, is a historic house in Eutaw, Alabama, United States. The main block is a two-story I-house, built in 1817. It is the oldest surviving house in Eutaw. Directly in front of this main block is a two-room cottage, built in 1840. The rear of the cottage was later connected directly to the front of the main block. A physician built a one-room office on the grounds in 1850; it was later attached to the side of the two-room cottage. The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Antebellum Homes in Eutaw Thematic Resource on April 2, 1982, due to its architectural significance. It was restored by Ralph and Diana Liverman and now serves as a bed and breakfast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Plevna, Ontario", "paragraph_text": "Plevna is an unincorporated community in the municipality of North Frontenac, Frontenac County in Eastern Ontario, Canada. It is located approximately southwest of Ottawa, and is situated in prime cottage country with many lakes surrounding it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Latham, Oregon", "paragraph_text": "Latham is an unincorporated community in Lane County, Oregon, United States. It is located on Interstate 5 about 2 miles south of downtown Cottage Grove. The community was named after the politician Milton S. Latham. The post office operated for about ten years, from September 16, 1878 to February 14, 1888. James J. Comstock was its first postmaster. Latham is now served by the Cottage Grove post office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Times Square Ball", "paragraph_text": "The event was first organized by Adolph Ochs, owner of The New York Times newspaper, as a successor to a series of New Year's Eve fireworks displays he held at the building to promote its status as the new headquarters of the Times, while the ball itself was designed by Artkraft Strauss. First held on December 31, 1907, to welcome 1908, the ball drop has been held annually since, except in 1942 and 1943 in observance of wartime blackouts.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Door Creek, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "Door Creek (also Buckeye, Deer Creek) is an unincorporated community located in the town of Cottage Grove, Dane County, Wisconsin, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Wheeler-Thanhauser Orchid Collection and Species Bank", "paragraph_text": "The Wheeler-Thanhauser Orchid Collection and Species Bank is located within Christy Woods, an 18-acre (73,000 m²) property located on the southwest corner of the Ball State University campus in Muncie, Indiana, United States. The orchid collection is the largest college maintained collection in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror", "paragraph_text": "On the last word of Serling's narration, the elevator starts its drop sequence. Rather than a simple gravity - powered drop, however, the elevator is pulled downwards, causing most riders to rise off their seats, held down by a seat belt. At least once during the drop sequence, wide elevator doors in front of the riders open to reveal a view of the park from a height of 157 ft (48 m), however the drop is only 130 ft (40 m), the height of a 13 - story building. The elevator drops at a top speed of 39 miles per hour (63 km / h). In the Hollywood Studios version, the back of the ``Hollywood Tower Hotel ''sign partially obstructs the view (the on - ride camera is located here, recording the ride for video or a photograph to be purchased later).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sloan Cottage", "paragraph_text": "Sloan Cottage is a historic cure cottage located at Saranac Lake in the town of Harrietstown, Franklin County, New York. It was built about 1907 and is a two-story, wood frame dwelling sided in plain wood shingles with half-timbering above, with an irregular gable roofline in the Shingle Style. It features a sleeping porch and first floor sitting-out porch.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dragon Ball Super", "paragraph_text": "Bandai has announced that a line of Dragon Ball Super toys will be available in the United States in summer 2017. Bandai has also announced the updated Dragon Ball Super Card Game that starts with one starter deck, one special pack containing 4 booster packs and a promotional Vegeta card and a booster box with 24 packs. It will be released on July 28, 2017. A line of six Dragon Ball Super Happy Meal toys were made available at Japanese McDonald's restaurants in May 2017.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Oak Hill Cottage", "paragraph_text": "Oak Hill Cottage, built in 1847 by John Robinson, superintendent of the Sandusky, Mansfield, and Newark Railroad, is an historic Gothic Revival brick house with Carpenter Gothic ornamentation located at 310 Springmill Street in Mansfield, Ohio, in the United States. All of the furnishings and artifacts inside the house are original to about the 1870s and have come down to the present intact.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131012, "question": "What state is Sloan Cottage located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 90774, "question": "when did the ball drop in #1 start", "answer": "December 31, 1907", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hohtälli", "paragraph_text": "The Hohtälli is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located southeast of Zermatt in the canton of Valais. It lies on the range that separates the Findel Glacier from the Gorner Glacier, between the Gornergrat and the Stockhorn. Its summit has an elevation of 3,275 metres and includes a cable car station. The Hohtälli is part of a ski area and features several ski runs leading down the mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "I Just Wanna Know", "paragraph_text": "\"I Just Wanna Know '08\" is a re-release of Cruz' debut single that occurred on 10 November 2008. Following the success of the singles \"I Can Be\" and \"She's Like a Star\", Island Records made the decision to re-issue \"I Just Wanna Know\" in an attempt to gain a higher charting position for the single. Although the single was not officially issued physically, a promotional single containing the official remix of \"She's Like a Star\" became widely available. Despite mass promotion, the single only managed to peak at a mediocre #90.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1974 and published by the NRC Research Press. It covers environmental, hydrotechnical, structure, and construction engineering, as well as engineering mechanics, engineering materials, and a history of civil engineering. Papers are available on the Internet in advance of print issues and are available in full-text HTML and PDF formats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Voting age", "paragraph_text": "The UK Ministry of Justice published on 3 July 2007 a Green Paper entitled The Governance of Britain, in which it proposed the establishment of a ``Youth Citizenship Commission ''. The Commission would examine the case for lowering the voting age. On launching the Paper in the House of Commons, PM Gordon Brown said:`` Although the voting age has been 18 since 1969, it is right, as part of that debate, to examine, and hear from young people themselves, whether lowering that age would increase participation.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2004 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "Kerry would later state that \"the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters.\" In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said \"I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Harry Crews", "paragraph_text": "The University of Georgia acquired Harry Crews's papers in August 2006. The archive includes manuscripts and typescripts of his fiction, correspondence, and notes made by Crews while on assignment. Guides to his collections are available at http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/search?keyword=&title=&creator=crews&year=&year-max=&smode=advanced.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Open Biology", "paragraph_text": "Open Biology is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by the Royal Society covering biology at the molecular and cellular levels. The first issue was published in September 2011 with an editorial about the launch of the journal. All papers are made freely available under an open access model immediately on publication. The editor-in-chief is David Glover (University of Cambridge).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Better Call Saul", "paragraph_text": "In December 2013, Netflix announced that the entire first season would be available for streaming in the U.S. after the airing of the first - season finale, and in Latin America and Europe each episode would be available a few days after the episode airs in the U.S. However, the first season was not released on Netflix in the U.S. until February 1, 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI", "paragraph_text": "His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI (Italian: \"Sua Santità. Le carte segrete di Benedetto XVI\") is a book published by Italian journalist Gianluigi Nuzzi, consisting of confidential letters and memos between Pope Benedict XVI and his personal secretary. The letters in the book portray the Vatican as a corrupt hotbed of jealousy, intrigue and underhanded factional fighting. The Italian edition paper-book was translated in 2013, in English language and is now available only in e-book format on Amazon platform. The title of the English ebook is \"Ratzinger was afraid\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Clifford Shull", "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Carroll, Cindy. \"Carnegie Mellon University Receives Nobel Laureate Clifford Shull Papers Grant and Additional Gift Will Make the Collection Available to Researchers\", (Mar. 12, 2004): Carnegie Mellon University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Termination of employment", "paragraph_text": "The phrase most likely originated in vaudeville. When the United Booking Office (established in 1906) would issue a cancellation notice to an act, the notice was on a pink slip. Another possible etymology is that many applications (including termination papers) are done in triplicate form, with each copy on a different color of paper, one of which is typically pink.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sipahh", "paragraph_text": "Sipahh Milk Flavouring Straws are a range of flavouring straws that turn plain cold milk into flavoured milk as the milk is sipped through the straw. Sipahh straws are used like a normal straw. First launched in Australia, the Sipahh straw is now available in 44 countries across 5 continents. The straws have a range of flavours including chocolate, banana, caramel, strawberry, vanilla, cookies & cream, honeycomb and choc-mint. The straws are often available at school canteens and are popular with children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "World Park Base", "paragraph_text": "World Park Base was a non-governmental year-round Antarctic base located at Cape Evans on Ross Island in the Ross Dependency. The international environmental organization Greenpeace established World Park Base in 1987 in order to press its demand for the Antarctic Treaty nations to declare all of the continent of Antarctica a World Park. This would make the entire continent off-limits to commercial exploitation and pollution, and permit only limited scientific research. Greenpeace closed down and completely dismantled the base in 1992.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Chrisley Knows Best", "paragraph_text": "Chrisley Knows Best is an American reality television series airing on the USA Network. It centers around the lives of wealthy Georgia real estate mogul Todd Chrisley and his family. The show formerly took place in Roswell and Alpharetta, Georgia, both near Atlanta. The show is currently in its fifth season, which was filmed mainly in Nashville, Tennessee. In the summer of 2017, it was announced that a sixth season of Chrisley Knows Best would air.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years. Cabinet Minister Peter Mandelson was \"outed\" by Matthew Parris (a former Sun columnist) on BBC TV's Newsnight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun's editor David Yelland demanded to know in a front page editorial whether Britain was governed by a \"gay mafia\" of a \"closed world of men with a mutual self-interest\". Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of \"overwhelming public interest\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Galo Carrera", "paragraph_text": "Galo Carrera Hurtado (born 19 August 1953 in Mexico) is serving as an Honorary Consul of Mexico to Canada. He is a research associate for marine affairs at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, a visiting professor at the World Maritime University in Malmö, Sweden, and a Fellow of the International Association of Geodesy. He has authored and coauthored nearly 200 scientific articles and technical reports, and has presented papers and made scholarly addresses at international conferences, seminars and courses on five continents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Britney Gallivan", "paragraph_text": "In January 2002, while a junior in high school, Gallivan demonstrated that a single piece of toilet paper 4000 ft (1200 m) in length can be folded in half twelve times. This was contrary to the popular conception that the maximum number of times any piece of paper could be folded in half was seven. She calculated that, instead of folding in half every other direction, the least volume of paper to get 12 folds would be to fold in the same direction, using a very long sheet of paper. A special kind of $85 - per - roll toilet paper in a set of six met her length requirement. Not only did she provide the empirical proof, but she also derived an equation that yielded the width of paper or length of paper necessary to fold a piece of paper of thickness t any n number of times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Surface and Interface Analysis", "paragraph_text": "Surface and Interface Analysis is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by John Wiley & Sons since 1979. In thirteen issues per year, it publishes original research papers dealing with the development and application of techniques for the characterization of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. It is available both online and in print.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Gornergrat", "paragraph_text": "The Gornergrat (; ) is a rocky ridge of the Pennine Alps, overlooking the Gorner Glacier south-east of Zermatt in Switzerland. It can be reached from Zermatt by the Gornergrat rack railway (GGB), the highest open-air railway in Europe. Between the Gornergrat railway station () and the summit is the Kulm Hotel () hosting the new Project \"Stellarium Gornergrat\" and until 2010 the \"Kölner Observatorium für SubMillimeter Astronomie\" KOSMA and before that (until 2005) the Gornergrat Infrared Telescope.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "History of paper", "paragraph_text": "Paper is a white material primarily used for writing. Although contemporary precursors such as papyrus and amate existed in the Mediterranean world and pre-Columbian Americas, respectively, these materials are not defined as true paper. The first papermaking process was documented in China during the Eastern Han period (25 -- 220 C.E.), traditionally attributed to the court official Cai Lun. During the 8th century, Chinese papermaking spread to the Islamic world, where pulp mills and paper mills were used for money making. By the 11th century, papermaking was brought to medieval Europe, where it was refined with the earliest known paper mills utilizing waterwheels. Later Western improvements to the papermaking process came in the 19th century with the invention of wood - based papers.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 100840, "question": "What is the continent of Gornergrat?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 70487, "question": "paper as we know it would not have been available in #1 until", "answer": "the 11th century", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Klootchman Canyon", "paragraph_text": "Klootchman Canyon is a canyon on the Stikine River in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located south of a bend in the river known as the Devil's Elbow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cariboo River Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "Cariboo River Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located between Barkerville and Likely in the upper Cariboo River basin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Tekezé River", "paragraph_text": "The Tekezé River rises in the central Ethiopian Highlands near Mount Qachen within Lasta, from where it flows west, north, then west again, forming the westernmost border of Ethiopia and Eritrea from the confluence of the Tomsa with the Tekezé at to the tripoint between the two countries and Sudan at . After entering northeastern Sudan at the tripoint it joins the Atbarah River, which is a tributary of the Nile. The Tekezé is perhaps the true upper course of the Atbarah, as the former follows the longer course prior to the confluence of the two rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "British colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia, and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The English, and later the British, were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "British colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The British colonization of the Americas (including colonization by both the English and the Scots) began in 1607 in Jamestown, Virginia and reached its peak when colonies had been established throughout the Americas. The British were among the most important colonizers of the Americas, and their American empire came to rival the Spanish American colonies in military and economic might.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Battle Range", "paragraph_text": "The Battle Range is a subrange of the Selkirk Mountains of the Columbia Mountains in southeastern British Columbia, Canada, located between Incomappleux River and Duncan River south of Battle Brook.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Slamgeesh Range", "paragraph_text": "The Slamgeesh Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the Skeena River and Slamgeesh River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Kluskoil Lake Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "Kluskoil Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the West Road River (Blackwater River) downstream from the Euchiniko Lakes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cache Creek (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Cache Creek, originally Rivière de la Cache, is a tributary of the Bonaparte River in the Thompson Country of the Interior of British Columbia, Canada, joining that river at the town of Cache Creek, British Columbia, which is located at the junction of the Trans-Canada and Cariboo Highways.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Strata Range", "paragraph_text": "The Strata Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the Bell-Irving River and Taylor River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Tranquille River", "paragraph_text": "Tranquille River is a river located in the Thompson Country region of British Columbia. The river is located on the north side of Kamloops Lake almost west of Kamloops, near Tranquille, Kamloops. The river was discovered as gold-bearing in 1852. The river has been mined and the total value of gold mined is estimated at $250,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Skeppshult", "paragraph_text": "Skeppshult is a locality situated in Gislaved Municipality, Jönköping County, Sweden beside river Nissan. In 2010 365 inhabitants lived in Skeppshult.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Laleham", "paragraph_text": "Laleham is a village beside the River Thames, immediately downriver from Staines-upon-Thames in the Spelthorne borough of Surrey. Until 1965 the village was in Middlesex.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "St George Wharf", "paragraph_text": "St George Wharf is a riverside development in Lambeth, London, England, located on the southern bank of the River Thames beside Vauxhall Bridge. St George Wharf Pier is a calling point for London River Services riverboat RB2 and RB6 services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Flooding of the Nile", "paragraph_text": "The flooding of the Nile is the result of the yearly monsoon between May and August causing enormous precipitations on the Ethiopian Highlands whose summits reach heights of up to 4550 m (14,928 ft). Most of this rainwater is taken by the Blue Nile and by the Atbarah River into the Nile, a less important amount is flowing through the Sobat and the White Nile into the Nile. During this short period, those rivers contribute up to ninety percent of the water of the Nile and most of the sedimentation carried by it, but after the rainy season, dwindle to minor rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rivers Inlet, British Columbia", "paragraph_text": "Rivers Inlet is an unincorporated settlement and First Nations community of the Wuikinuxv (Owikeno) people, located at the head of the inlet of the same name in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. The community is located adjacent to the Wannock River, a short waterway connecting Owikeno Lake to the head of Rivers Inlet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tulsequah", "paragraph_text": "Tulsequah is an unincorporated locality in northwestern, British Columbia, Canada, located at the confluence of the Taku and Tulsequah Rivers. The Tulsequah Chief Mine is located nearby, about ten miles up the Tulsequah River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kechika River", "paragraph_text": "The Kechika River, also historically known as Black's River, is a tributary of the Liard River, about long, located in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Klappan Range", "paragraph_text": "The Klappan Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between Klappan River and Iskut River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Driftwood Range", "paragraph_text": "The Driftwood Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located between the headwaters of Driftwood River and Nilkitkwa River in northern British Columbia, Canada.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 101521, "question": "Which continent is Atbarah River located?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 42157, "question": "Who besides the british colonized #1 ?", "answer": "French", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Free Software Movement of India", "paragraph_text": "Free Software Movement of India (FSMI) is a national coalition of various regional and sectoral free software movements operating in different parts of India. The formation of FSMI was announced in the valedictory function of the National Free Software Conference - 2010 held in Bangalore during 20–21 March 2010. FSMI is a pan Indian level initiative to propagate the ideology of free software and to popularize the usage of the free software. One of the declared aims of the movement is to take Free Software and its ideological implications to computer users “across the digital divide”, to under-privileged sections of society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Agriculture Street Landfill", "paragraph_text": "The Agriculture Street Landfill was a dump in New Orleans, Louisiana. The area was later developed for residential use, with unfortunate environmental consequences. It became a Superfund cleanup site.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "DirectVobSub", "paragraph_text": "DirectVobSub (formerly known as VSFilter) is a software add-on for Microsoft Windows (a DirectShow filter) that is able to read external subtitle files and superimposes them on a playing video file.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Napoleon", "paragraph_text": "After the fall of Napoleon, not only was Napoleonic Code retained by conquered countries including the Netherlands, Belgium, parts of Italy and Germany, but has been used as the basis of certain parts of law outside Europe including the Dominican Republic, the US state of Louisiana and the Canadian province of Quebec. The memory of Napoleon in Poland is favorable, for his support for independence and opposition to Russia, his legal code, the abolition of serfdom, and the introduction of modern middle class bureaucracies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tremors: A Cold Day in Hell", "paragraph_text": "The crew had originally intended to shoot in the mountains of Bulgaria, but after the country had endured one of its largest blizzards, they opted to return to South Africa. Filming took place in the Cape Town area which is where Tremors 5 was filmed. The opening scene was filmed in the desert made to look like snow with filters and video processing techniques. The nice weather was explained by climate change causing unusual warmth in the area. Having worked on the previous film series, the crew used CGI for many of the Graboid scenes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "In 1936 the US Patent Office declared Bell first on its list of the country's greatest inventors, leading to the US Post Office issuing a commemorative stamp honoring Bell in 1940 as part of its 'Famous Americans Series'. The First Day of Issue ceremony was held on October 28 in Boston, Massachusetts, the city where Bell spent considerable time on research and working with the deaf. The Bell stamp became very popular and sold out in little time. The stamp became, and remains to this day, the most valuable one of the series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Sociology of the Internet", "paragraph_text": "Governments are also getting online. Some countries, such as those of Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Myanmar, the People's Republic of China, and Saudi Arabia use filtering and censoring software to restrict what people in their countries can access on the Internet. In the United Kingdom, they also use software to locate and arrest various individuals they perceive as a threat. Other countries including the United States, have enacted laws making the possession or distribution of certain material such as child pornography illegal but do not use filtering software. In some countries Internet service providers have agreed to restrict access to sites listed by police.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "GCompris", "paragraph_text": "GCompris is a software suite comprising educational entertainment software for children aged 2 to 10. GCompris was originally written in C and Python using the GTK+ widget toolkit, but a rewrite in C++ and QML using the Qt widget toolkit is since early 2014 in process. GCompris is free and open-source software subject to the requirements of the GNU General Public License version 3 and has been part of the GNU project.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "GNOME", "paragraph_text": "GNOME was started on August 15 1997 by Miguel de Icaza and Federico Mena as a free software project to develop a desktop environment and applications for it. It was founded in part because K Desktop Environment, which was growing in popularity, relied on the Qt widget toolkit which used a proprietary software license until version 2.0 (June 1999). In place of Qt, GTK (GIMP Toolkit) was chosen as the base of GNOME. GTK uses the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL), a free software license that allows software linking to it to use a much wider set of licenses, including proprietary software licenses. GNOME itself is licensed under the LGPL for its libraries, and the GNU General Public License (GPL) for its applications.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Lead programmer", "paragraph_text": "A lead programmer is a software engineer in charge of one or more software projects. Alternative titles include development lead, technical lead, lead software engineer, software design engineer lead (SDE lead), software development manager, software manager, or lead application developer. When primarily contributing in a high - level enterprise software design role, the title software architect (or similar) is often used.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Helix Software Company", "paragraph_text": "Helix Software Company was a New York City based software company founded in October 1986. The company developed software tools and utilities for DOS and Windows. In 1993, Helix licensed some of its memory management technology to Microsoft for use in MS-DOS 6.0. Microsoft subsequently released Helix's memory management technology as part of the MEMMAKER and EMM386 DOS commands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2", "paragraph_text": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 codes are two-letter country codes defined in ISO 3166-1, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), to represent countries, dependent territories, and special areas of geographical interest. They are the most widely used of the country codes published by ISO (the others being alpha-3 and numeric), and are used most prominently for the Internet's country code top-level domains (with a few exceptions). They are also used as country identifiers extending the postal code when appropriate within the international postal system for paper mail, and has replaced the previous one consisting one-letter codes. They were first included as part of the ISO 3166 standard in its first edition in 1974.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Annelid", "paragraph_text": "Annelids with blood vessels use metanephridia to remove soluble waste products, while those without use protonephridia. Both of these systems use a two-stage filtration process, in which fluid and waste products are first extracted and these are filtered again to re-absorb any re-usable materials while dumping toxic and spent materials as urine. The difference is that protonephridia combine both filtration stages in the same organ, while metanephridia perform only the second filtration and rely on other mechanisms for the first – in annelids special filter cells in the walls of the blood vessels let fluids and other small molecules pass into the coelomic fluid, where it circulates to the metanephridia. In annelids the points at which fluid enters the protonephridia or metanephridia are on the forward side of a septum while the second-stage filter and the nephridiopore (exit opening in the body wall) are in the following segment. As a result, the hindmost segment (before the growth zone and pygidium) has no structure that extracts its wastes, as there is no following segment to filter and discharge them, while the first segment contains an extraction structure that passes wastes to the second, but does not contain the structures that re-filter and discharge urine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Louisiana", "paragraph_text": "State of Louisiana État de Louisiane (French) Flag Seal Nickname (s): Bayou State Child of the Mississippi Creole State Pelican State (official) Sportsman's Paradise Sugar State The Boot Motto (s): Union, Justice, Confidence Official language No official language Spoken languages As of 2010 English 91.26% French 7% (incl. Cajun and Creole) Spanish 3.30% Vietnamese 0.59% Demonym Louisianan or Louisianian Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans Largest metro Greater New Orleans Area Ranked 31st Total 50,000 sq mi (135,382 km) Width 130 miles (210 km) Length 379 miles (610 km)% water 15 Latitude 28 ° 56 ′ N to 33 ° 01 ′ N Longitude 88 ° 49 ′ W to 94 ° 03 ′ W Population Ranked 25th Total 4,681,666 (2016 est.) Density 93.6 / sq mi (34.6 / km) Ranked 24th Median household income $45,992 (45th) Elevation Highest point Driskill Mountain 535 ft (163 m) Mean 100 ft (30 m) Lowest point New Orleans − 8 ft (− 2.5 m) Before statehood Territory of Orleans Admission to Union April 30, 1812 (18th) Governor John Bel Edwards (D) Lieutenant Governor Billy Nungesser (R) Legislature State Legislature Upper house State Senate Lower house House of Representatives U.S. Senators Bill Cassidy (R) John Neely Kennedy (R) U.S. House delegation 5 Republicans, 1 Democrat (list) Time zone Central: UTC − 6 / − 5 ISO 3166 US - LA Abbreviations LA, La. Website louisiana.gov", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nerve Filter", "paragraph_text": "Nerve Filter is an electronic music act from Seattle, WA (US); its sole member is Tom Shear. Nerve Filter started in 1995, and is considered a side project of Shear's Assemblage 23 although its first label appearance predated A23's.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Copyright infringement", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 Business Software Alliance Piracy Study Standard, estimates the total commercial value of illegally copied software to be at $59 billion in 2010, with emerging markets accounting for $31.9 billion, over half of the total. Furthermore, mature markets for the first time received less PC shipments than emerging economies in 2010, making emerging markets now responsible for more than half of all computers in use worldwide. In addition with software infringement rates of 68 percent comparing to 24 percent of mature markets, emerging markets thus possess the majority of the global increase in the commercial value of counterfeit software. China continues to have the highest commercial value of such software at $8.9 billion among developing countries and second in the world behind the US at $9.7 billion in 2011. In 2011, the Business Software Alliance announced that 83 percent of software deployed on PCs in Africa has been pirated (excluding South Africa).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "KMAR-FM", "paragraph_text": "KMAR-FM (95.9 FM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Winnsboro, Louisiana. The station airs the syndicated Westwood One programming True Country in addition to locally produced programming.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "WinUSB", "paragraph_text": "WinUSB is a generic USB driver provided by Microsoft, for their operating systems starting with Windows Vista but which is also available for Windows XP. It is aimed at simple devices that are accessed by only one application at a time (for example instruments like weather stations, devices that only need a diagnostic connection or for firmware upgrades). It enables the application to directly access the device through a simple software library. The library provides access to the pipes of the device. WinUSB exposes a client API that enables developers to work with USB devices from user-mode. Starting with Windows 7, USB MTP devices use WinUSB instead of the kernel mode filter driver.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "BlueSpice MediaWiki", "paragraph_text": "BlueSpice MediaWiki (BlueSpice for short) is free wiki software based on MediaWiki and licensed by GNU General Public License. It is especially developed for businesses as an enterprise wiki distribution for MediaWiki and used in over 150 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Blue Planet Software", "paragraph_text": "Blue Planet Software, Inc., is a video game developer and publisher. Established as Bullet-Proof Software, Inc. Blue Planet Software became a separate company founded by Henk Rogers in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1996. Maya Rogers became CEO in 2014.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 157716, "question": "What is one country that does not use filtering software?", "answer": "United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 87637, "question": "when did louisiana became a part of #1", "answer": "April 30, 1812", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Jolie & the Wanted", "paragraph_text": "Jolie & the Wanted was an American country music band composed of Jolie Edwards (lead vocals), Phil Symonds (guitar), Jonathan Trebing (guitar), Steve King (keyboards), Ethan Pilzer (bass guitar) and Andy Hull (drums). Signed to DreamWorks Records Nashville in 2000, the band released one studio album in 2001 and charted two singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs charts. They split up in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Treaties of the European Union", "paragraph_text": "Two core functional treaties, the Treaty on European Union (originally signed in Maastricht in 1992) and the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (originally signed in Rome in 1957 as the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community), lay out how the EU operates, and there are a number of satellite treaties which are interconnected with them. The treaties have been repeatedly amended by other treaties over the 65 years since they were first signed. The consolidated version of the two core treaties is regularly published by the European Commission.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pacification of Ghent", "paragraph_text": "The Pacification of Ghent, signed on 8 November 1576, was an alliance of the provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands for the purpose of driving mutinying Spanish mercenary troops from the country and promoting a peace treaty with the rebelling provinces of Holland and Zeeland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Sino-Nepalese War", "paragraph_text": "The Sino-Nepalese War (), also known as the Sino-Gorkha war and in Chinese the Campaign of Gorkha (), was an invasion of Tibet by Nepal from 1788-1792. The war was initially fought between Nepalese and Tibetan armies over a trade dispute related to a long-standing problem of low-quality coins manufactured by Nepal for Tibet. The Nepalese Army under Bahadur Shah plundered Tibet under Qing rule and Tibetans signed the Treaty of Kerung paying annual tribute to Nepal. However, Tibetans requested for Chinese intervention and Sino-Tibetan forces under Fuk'anggan raided Nepal up to Nuwakot only to face strong Nepalese counterattack. Thus, both countries signed the Treaty of Betrawati as a stalemate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Zdeněk of Šternberk", "paragraph_text": "Zdenek of Sternberg (rarely Zdeněk of Šternberk, , b. 1410 - d. December 4, 1476 in Wiener Neustadt) was a Bohemian noble, diplomat and politician from the Sternberg () family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "National Antarctic Program", "paragraph_text": "Till date 48 countries have signed the Antarctic Treaty which was drafted and negotiated back in 1959. Out of these, only 28 countries have the Consultative status i.e. these Parties have the right to participate in Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings (ATCM) and are accordingly known as Consultative Parties and their presence in Antarctica is shown by carrying substantial research there.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty", "paragraph_text": "The PTBT was signed by the governments of the Soviet Union, United Kingdom, and United States in Moscow on 5 August 1963 before being opened for signature by other countries. The treaty formally went into effect on 10 October 1963. Since then, 123 other states have become party to the treaty. Ten states have signed but not ratified the treaty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Treaty of Stuhmsdorf", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Stuhmsdorf () or Sztumska Wieś () was a treaty signed on 12 September 1635 between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Swedish Empire in the village of Stuhmsdorf, Royal Prussia (now Sztumska Wieś, Poland), just south of Stuhm (Sztum).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "The carefully coded word in the agreement proved no less catalytic for the other European powers. The results were absolute chaos. Empress Elizabeth of Russia was outraged at the duplicity of Britain's position. Not only that France was so enraged, and terrified, by the sudden betrayal of its only ally. Austria, particularly Kaunitz, used this situation to their utmost advantage. The now-isolated France was forced to accede to the Austro-Russian alliance or face ruin. Thereafter, on May 1, 1756, the First Treaty of Versailles was signed, in which both nations pledged 24.000 troops to defend each other in the case of an attack. This diplomatic revolution proved to be an important cause of the war; although both treaties were self-defensive in nature, the actions of both coalitions made the war virtually inevitable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Nepal–Britain Treaty of 1923", "paragraph_text": "The Nepal -- Britain Treaty of 1923 is considered to be one of the most important treaties in the History of Nepal. The treaty was first discussed in 1921 and the final treaty was signed in 1923 December 21 in Singha Durbar. The treaty was the first formal acknowledgement by the British that Nepal as an independent nation had the right to conduct its foreign policy in anyway it seems fit and is considered to be ``A great achievement of 25 years of Chandra Shumsher's diplomacy ''. The treaty was recorded in 1925 in the League of Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors", "paragraph_text": "The Signing of Peace in the Hall of Mirrors, Versailles, 28 June 1919 is an oil-on-canvas painting by Irish artist William Orpen, completed in 1919. It was one the paintings commissioned from Orpen to commemorate of the Peace Conference at Versailles in 1919. The work is held by the Imperial War Museum in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Treaty of Versailles", "paragraph_text": "After the Versailles conference, Democratic President Woodrow Wilson claimed that ``at last the world knows America as the savior of the world! ''However, the Republican Party, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, controlled the US Senate after the election of 1918, and the senators were divided into multiple positions on the Versailles question. It proved possible to build a majority coalition, but impossible to build a two - thirds coalition that was needed to pass a treaty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Treaty of 1818", "paragraph_text": "The Convention respecting fisheries, boundary and the restoration of slaves between the United States of America and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, also known as the London Convention, Anglo - American Convention of 1818, Convention of 1818, or simply the Treaty of 1818, was an international treaty signed in 1818 between the above parties. Signed during the presidency of James Monroe, it resolved standing boundary issues between the two nations. The treaty allowed for joint occupation and settlement of the Oregon Country, known to the British and in Canadian history as the Columbia District of the Hudson's Bay Company, and including the southern portion of its sister district New Caledonia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty", "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian -- Hittite peace treaty, also known as the Eternal Treaty or the Silver Treaty, is the only ancient Near Eastern treaty for which both sides' versions have survived. It is sometimes called the Treaty of Kadesh after the well - documented Battle of Kadesh fought some sixteen years earlier, although Kadesh is not mentioned in the text. Both sides of the treaty have been the subject of intensive scholarly study. The treaty itself did not bring about a peace; in fact ``an atmosphere of enmity between Hatti and Egypt lasted many years, ''until the eventual treaty of alliance was signed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Antarctica", "paragraph_text": "New claims on Antarctica have been suspended since 1959 although Norway in 2015 formally defined Queen Maud Land as including the unclaimed area between it and the South Pole. Antarctica's status is regulated by the 1959 Antarctic Treaty and other related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System. Antarctica is defined as all land and ice shelves south of 60° S for the purposes of the Treaty System. The treaty was signed by twelve countries including the Soviet Union (and later Russia), the United Kingdom, Argentina, Chile, Australia, and the United States. It set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve, established freedom of scientific investigation and environmental protection, and banned military activity on Antarctica. This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Treaty of Wanghia", "paragraph_text": "Treaty of Wanghia Treaty of peace, amity, and commerce, between the United States of America and the Chinese Empire. Type Bilateral / Unequal Signed 3 July 1844 (1844 - 07 - 03) Location Kun Iam Temple in Macau, Portuguese Macau Parties China United States Languages English and Chinese Treaty of Wanghia at Wikisource", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak", "paragraph_text": "Treaty of Aynalıkavak was a treaty between Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire signed on March 10, 1779. The formal name is Aynalıkavak bond of arbitration (). Aynalıkavak is a palace in Istanbul where the treaty was signed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Fort Laramie (also called the Sioux Treaty of 1868) was an agreement between the United States and the Oglala, Miniconjou, and Brulé bands of Lakota people, Yanktonai Dakota and Arapaho Nation signed on April 29, 1868 at Fort Laramie in the Wyoming Territory, guaranteeing the Lakota ownership of the Black Hills, and further land and hunting rights in South Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana. The Powder River Country was to be henceforth closed to all whites. The treaty ended Red Cloud's War. Animosities over the treaty rose quickly, with neither side fully honoring the terms. Open war again broke out in 1876, and the US Government unilaterally annexed land covered under the treaty in 1877.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was precipitated by the rise of nationalism in Southeastern Europe as the Great Powers took up sides. The Allies defeated the Central Powers in 1918. During the Paris Peace Conference the Big Four imposed their terms in a series of treaties, especially the Treaty of Versailles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Treaty of Waitangi", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty was written at a time when British colonists were pressuring the Crown to establish a colony in New Zealand, and when some Māori leaders had petitioned the British for protection against French forces. It was drafted with the intention of establishing a British Governor of New Zealand, recognising Māori ownership of their lands, forests and other possessions, and giving Māori the rights of British subjects. It was intended to ensure that when the declaration of British sovereignty over New Zealand was made by Lieutenant Governor William Hobson in May 1840, the Māori people would not feel that their rights had been ignored. Once it had been written and translated, it was first signed by Northern Māori leaders at Waitangi, and subsequently copies of the Treaty were taken around New Zealand and over the following months many other chiefs signed. Around 530 to 540 Māori, at least 13 of them women, signed the Treaty of Waitangi, despite some Māori leaders cautioning against it. An immediate result of the Treaty was that Queen Victoria's government gained the sole right to purchase land. In total there are nine signed copies of the Treaty of Waitangi including the sheet signed on 6 February 1840 at Waitangi.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 101946, "question": "Which country was Jonathan Sternberg in?", "answer": "Germany", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 73591, "question": "when did #1 signed the treaty of versailles", "answer": "28 June 1919", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Take Me Home Tonight (song)", "paragraph_text": "By the mid-1980s, Eddie Money had reached a low - point in his recording career after several years of drug abuse. Columbia Records still wanted to keep Money on its roster, but restricted his creative control regarding his output. Record producer Richie Zito brought Money the song ``Take Me Home Tonight '', and Money would recall:`` I did n't care for the demo (but) it did have a good catch line. When I heard (a snippet of) 'Be My Baby' in it I said: 'Why ca n't we get Ronnie Spector to sing it?' (and was told) 'That's impossible.''' Money invited his friend Martha Davis, lead vocalist of the Motels, to sing the lines from ``Be My Baby ''on`` Take Me Home Tonight'': Davis encouraged him to try to recruit Spector herself and Money was eventually able to speak on the phone to Spector at her home in northern California: Money - ``I could hear clinking and clanking in the background... She said: 'I'm doing the dishes, and I got ta change the kids' bedding. I'm not really in the business anymore, Eddie. Phil Spector and all that, it was a nightmare '... I said' Ronnie, I got this song that's truly amazing and it's a tribute to you. It would be so great if you... did it with me. '''The success of`` Take Me Home Tonight'' encouraged Spector to resume her singing career. In 1987 Money would say of ``Take Me Home Tonight '':`` I did n't like the song, but... it helped Ronnie out and it helped me get some of my other material on the album across, so now I'm happy I did it.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Thine Be the Glory", "paragraph_text": "In 1957 in the Netherlands, Calvin Seerveld used \"Thine Be the Glory\", with his favourite hymn tune, as a basis to write \"Praised Be the Father\" for his wedding. A church choir in Hoorn helped the congregation to sing it. In the Netherlands, it is used as a wedding hymn. In Germany, it is an Advent hymn called Zion's Daughter. It was written by Friedrich-Heinrich Ranke using the same tune as Thine Be the Glory and published in Evangelisches Gesangbuch fur Elsass-Lothringern. It has been argued that Thine Be the Glory was based on this hymn. In Spain it is used as a wedding hymn with the lyrics \"Canticorum iubilo\", probably based on Psalm 96. The hymn was translated into Danish in 1993 and is currently no. 240 in Den Danske Salmebog with the title \"Dig være ære, Herre over dødens magt\". It is listed under Easter psalms, but it also considered appropriate for funerals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "paragraph_text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell. The film is about three United States servicemen readjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II. Samuel Goldwyn was inspired to produce a film about veterans after reading an August 7, 1944, article in Time about the difficulties experienced by men returning to civilian life. Goldwyn hired former war correspondent MacKinlay Kantor to write a screenplay. His work was first published as a novella, Glory for Me, which Kantor wrote in blank verse. Robert E. Sherwood then adapted the novella as a screenplay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Lady Gaga", "paragraph_text": "In 2009, Gaga spent a record 150 weeks on the UK Singles Chart and became the most downloaded female act in a year in the US, with 11.1 million downloads sold, earning an entry in the \"Guinness Book of World Records\". \"The Fame\" and \"The Fame Monster\" together have since sold more than 15 million copies worldwide. This success allowed Gaga to start her second worldwide concert tour, The Monster Ball Tour, and release \"The Remix\", her final record with Cherrytree Records and among the best-selling remix albums of all time. The Monster Ball Tour ran from November 2009 to May 2011 and grossed $227.4 million, making it the highest-grossing concert tour for a debut headlining artist. Concerts performed at Madison Square Garden in New York City were filmed for an HBO television special, \"\". Gaga also performed songs from her albums at the 2009 Royal Variety Performance, the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, and the 2010 BRIT Awards. Before Michael Jackson's death, Gaga was set to take part in his canceled This Is It concert series at the O Arena in the UK.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Edge Hill, Georgia", "paragraph_text": "Edge Hill is a city in Glascock County, Georgia, United States. The population was 24 at the 2010 census. It is the smallest incorporated city in Georgia by population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Edge of Glory", "paragraph_text": "``The Edge of Glory ''is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her second studio album, Born This Way (2011). The song was released on May 9, 2011 as the album's third single. Initially released as one of two promotional singles for Born This Way, it shortly became a single following its success in digital outlets worldwide. The song was written and produced by Gaga and Fernando Garibay, and is a pop, electro - rock, and disco song that speaks of the very last moments of life. According to Gaga, lyrical inspiration came from the death of her grandfather, who died in September 2010. Alongside a saxophone solo played by the late Clarence Clemons, the melody of the song resembles much of the musical works of Bruce Springsteen, and contains several qualities similar to that of 1980s adult contemporary musical works.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Power and the Glory", "paragraph_text": "\"Power and the Glory\" (sometimes titled \"The Power and the Glory\") is an American patriotic song by Phil Ochs, a U.S. protest singer from the 1960s known for being a harsh critic of the American military and industrial establishment. Originally released on his 1964 debut album, \"All the News That's Fit to Sing,\" \"Power and the Glory\" is said to have contributed to Ochs' profound impact.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Jim Cornelison", "paragraph_text": "James Cornelison (born June 20, 1964) is a professional singer who sings ``The Star - Spangled Banner ''and`` O Canada'' at the beginning of home games for the Chicago Blackhawks and he is accompanied by organist Frank Pellico. Cornelison started singing the anthem for the Blackhawks part - time in 1996; he has been singing the national anthem for the Blackhawks full - time since 2007. He has also performed the anthem before Chicago Bears home games at Soldier Field during the 2010 - 11 NFL playoffs, as well as the 2011 season opener against the Atlanta Falcons, which fell on the tenth anniversary of the September 11 attacks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "I Still Call Australia Home", "paragraph_text": "``I Still Call Australia Home ''is a song written and performed by Peter Allen in 1980. In it, Allen sings of Australian expatriates' longing for home.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "I'm Gonna Hire a Wino to Decorate Our Home", "paragraph_text": "``I'm Gonna Hire a Wino to Decorate Our Home ''Single by David Frizzell from the album The Family's Fine, But This One's All Mine B - side`` She's Up to All Her Old Tricks Again'' Released April 1982 Genre Country Length 4: 00 Label Warner Bros. Songwriter (s) Dewayne Blackwell Producer (s) Snuff Garrett, Steve Dorff David Frizzell singles chronology ``Another Honky - Tonk Night on Broadway ''(1982)`` I'm Gonna Hire a Wino to Decorate Our Home'' (1982) ``I Just Came Here to Dance ''(1982)`` Another Honky - Tonk Night on Broadway'' (1982) ``I'm Gonna Hire a Wino to Decorate Our Home ''(1982)`` I Just Came Here to Dance'' (1982)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Glory of Love (song)", "paragraph_text": "``The Glory of Love ''Single by Benny Goodman Released 1936 Format 78 rpm vinyl Recorded 1936 Genre Pop Songwriter (s) Billy Hill Benny Goodman singles chronology`` The Glory of Love ''' (1936) The Glory of Love'1936 The Five Keys singles chronology ``The Glory of Love' ''(1951) The Glory of Love'1951`` Yes Sir, That's My Baby'' (1952) Yes Sir, That's My Baby1952", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "I'll Cry Tomorrow", "paragraph_text": "``Susan Hayward sings for the first time on the screen, and will win much applause for her throaty voice in such songs as Sing, You Sinners, When the Red, Red Robin (Comes Bob, Bob, Bobbin 'Along), and I'm Sitting on Top of the World. She is supported by Ray Danton as the man whose death first upsets her; by Jo Van Fleet as her domineering mother who realises what she has done too late; Richard Conte, Eddie Albert and Don Taylor. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "I Could Sing of Your Love Forever", "paragraph_text": "``I Could Sing of Your Love Forever ''Song by Delirious? from the album Cutting Edge 2 Recorded 1995 (Cutting Edge Version) 2001 (Deeper Version) Genre Worship, Christian rock, Contemporary Christian Length 6: 09 (Cutting Edge Album Version) 5: 29 (Deeper Album Version) Label Furious? Songwriter (s) Martin Smith Producer (s) Andy Piercy, Delirious?", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sweet Home Valley", "paragraph_text": "The Sweet Home Valley of the South Santiam River runs from an area known as The Narrows near the western edge of the city of Sweet Home, Oregon to the confluence of the South Santiam and Middle Santiam rivers at Foster Reservoir on the east. Extending on either side of the South Santiam, nearly all of the valley south of the river is inside the city of Sweet Home while the valley north of the river remains unincorporated. Prior to the construction of Foster Dam, the area inundated by Foster Reservoir was occupied by several ranches and farms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "I Love Lucy", "paragraph_text": "Lucy is usually found with her sidekick and best friend Ethel Mertz. A former model from Albuquerque, New Mexico, Ethel tries to relive her glory days in vaudeville. Ricky is more inclined to include Ethel in performances at his nightclub because, unlike Lucy, she can actually sing and dance rather well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ezra Kire", "paragraph_text": "Ezra Kire (born Ezra Cannon, December 30, 1975) is an American musician with the punk band Morning Glory, and is an ex-member of punk bands Leftöver Crack, Choking Victim and InDK. He currently resides in New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Best Years of Our Lives", "paragraph_text": "The Best Years of Our Lives (aka Glory for Me and Home Again) is a 1946 American drama film directed by William Wyler, and starring Myrna Loy, Fredric March, Dana Andrews, Teresa Wright, Virginia Mayo, and Harold Russell. The film is about three United States servicemen re-adjusting to civilian life after coming home from World War II. Samuel Goldwyn was inspired to produce a film about veterans after reading an August 7, 1944, article in \"Time\" about the difficulties experienced by men returning to civilian life. Goldwyn hired former war correspondent MacKinlay Kantor to write a screenplay. His work was first published as a novella, \"Glory for Me\", which Kantor wrote in blank verse. Robert E. Sherwood then adapted the novella as a screenplay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "All by Myself", "paragraph_text": "The 2001 motion picture Bridget Jones's Diary featured a cover version performed by Jamie O'Neal showing actress Renée Zellweger singing to it in the famous pajamas scene. This track is also played over the other Bridget Jones's Films Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (film) and Bridget Jones's Baby.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Embrace Today", "paragraph_text": "Embrace Today were an American straight edge metalcore–hardcore punk band from Boston, Massachusetts. They have toured with such bands as Bleeding Through, Champion, Bury Your Dead, Ion Dissonance, Premonitions of War, Since The Flood, and Haste the Day. Based on their 2002 release \"FxYxIxE,\" ExT is perhaps best known for a militant straight edge approach during their live shows and for creating a \"Fuck You I'm Edge\" mentality within the hardcore scene. They are often considered the heir apparent to Syracuse, Straight Edge juggernauts Earth Crisis. Embrace Today was considered one of the hardest-working bands of their time having toured non-stop for years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Can't Find My Way Home", "paragraph_text": "``Ca n't Find My Way Home ''is a song written by Steve Winwood which was first released by Blind Faith on their 1969 album Blind Faith. Rolling Stone, in a review of the album, noted that the song featured`` Ginger Baker's highly innovative percussion'' and judged the lyric ``And I'm wasted and I ca n't find my way home ''to be`` delightful''.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 60470, "question": "who sings i'm on the edge of glory", "answer": "Lady Gaga", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 132399, "question": "What is the home city of #1 ?", "answer": "New York City", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

[ "New York" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Melbourne University Football Club", "paragraph_text": "Although there are no records of its exact formation, University's first recorded match took place in the same month that the Castlemaine Football Club was formed making it likely that University is the second oldest club in Australia after Melbourne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sind Club", "paragraph_text": "The Sind Club is the oldest club located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was started in 1871 as an exclusive gentlemen's club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Kathmandu", "paragraph_text": "Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Joensuun Palloseura", "paragraph_text": "Joensuun Palloseura (abbreviated JoPS) is a football club from Joensuu, Finland. JoPS is Joensuu's oldest football club having been formed in 1929. The club has competed in the second tier of Finnish football over 6 seasons, the last time being in 1968. JoPS currently plays in the Kolmonen section that covers Eastern and Central Finland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Calgary Stampeders", "paragraph_text": "The Calgary Stampeders are a professional Canadian football team based in Calgary, Alberta, competing in the West Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL). The Stampeders play their home games at McMahon Stadium and are the third-oldest active franchise in the CFL. The Stampeders were officially founded in 1945, although there were clubs operating in Calgary as early as 1909.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Premier League", "paragraph_text": "The Premier League is an English professional league for men's association football clubs. At the top of the English football league system, it is the country's primary football competition. Contested by 20 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the English Football League (EFL; known as ``The Football League ''before 2016 -- 17). Welsh clubs that compete in the English football league system can also qualify.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Nader El-Sayed", "paragraph_text": "Nader El-Sayed () (born 31 December 1972) is an Egyptian former goalkeeper, who last played for Egyptian Premier League club ENPPI, and has been capped more than 100 times with the Egyptian national team. In 2015, he became an ambassador of The SATUC Cup, a new charitable global football competition for U16 orphans, refugess and disadvantaged children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "FK Khujand", "paragraph_text": "FC Khujand () is a Tajik football club based in Khujand, currently playing in the Tajik League, the top division in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "C.F. União", "paragraph_text": "Clube de Futebol União, commonly known as União da Madeira, is a Portuguese football club from Funchal, Madeira, that plays in the Campeonato de Portugal. The club was founded on 1 November 1913, thus being one of the oldest football clubs in Portugal. The club's home ground is the Estádio do Centro Desportivo da Madeira, located in Ribeira Brava, approximately 20 minutes drive from the capital Funchal. The club plays in yellow and blue, the official colours of the archipelago of Madeira.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Milton Coimbra", "paragraph_text": "Milton Coimbra Sulzer (born May 4, 1975, in Santa Cruz de la Sierra) is a Bolivian retired football striker. He was a journeyman footballer playing for nine clubs in seven countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Eskişehir Demirspor", "paragraph_text": "Eskişehir Demirspor is a Turkish sports club from Eskişehir, Turkey. They are the oldest football club in Eskişehir. The club has many departments including football, basketball, volleyball, athletic, swimming, fencing, wrestling, and karate. They are famous with their football department and have won the Turkish Football Championship in 1940.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Helsingin Ponnistus", "paragraph_text": "Helsingin Ponnistus (abbreviated Ponnistus) is a football club from Helsinki, Finland. The club was formed in 1887 making it the oldest football club in Finland. The men's first team currently plays in the Kolmonen (Third Division) and their home ground is at the Töölön Pallokenttä.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of the St Kilda Football Club", "paragraph_text": "The St Kilda Football Club, nicknamed The Saints, is an Australian rules football club, based in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The club plays in the Australian Football League (AFL), the highest league in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sydney University Speleological Society", "paragraph_text": "SUSS was founded in 1948 and is the oldest caving group on mainland Australia (and second-oldest in the country, having formed two years after the Tasmanian Caverneering Club). It has been heavily involved in the exploration and mapping of various Australian cave systems since its formation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Stockholm Mean Machines", "paragraph_text": "Stockholm Mean Machines is the oldest and most successful football club in Sweden. The club was established in 1972, the same year the sport was introduced in the country. They started playing in the Stockholm suburb of Danderyd. The ambition of the Stockholm Mean Machines has always been to be the premier team in Sweden and in Europe, the men's team leads the nation in seasons played in the premier league in Sweden (Superserien) and its 11 national championships is also most of any team. The ladies team is the reigning national champions. The club is also represented in all youth leagues (U11, U13, U15, U17 and U19).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Rathkenny GAA", "paragraph_text": "Rathkenny GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in the small village of Rathkenny, in County Meath, Ireland. The club takes part in Meath GAA competitions. The club have won 5 Meath Senior Football Championship titles. Rathkenny are currently competing at senior level, and have been since 2007. The club was founded in 1886, making it one of the oldest clubs in Meath.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Associação Naval de Lisboa", "paragraph_text": "Founded in 1856, Associação Naval de Lisboa (Lisbon Naval Association) is the oldest sport club of Portugal and one of the 30 oldest yacht clubs in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Korsvoll IL", "paragraph_text": "Korsvoll IL is a sports club from Korsvoll in the borough of Nordre Aker in Oslo, Norway. It was founded on 5 March 1899 as a skiing club, and today has sections for football, handball, floorball and cross-country skiing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Victoria Jaworzno", "paragraph_text": "GKS Victoria Jaworzno is a Polish football and boxing club based in Jaworzno, Poland. It is the oldest Polish miner's football club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "6 de Setembro", "paragraph_text": "Desportivo Militar 6 de Setembro (Portuguese meaning September 6 in which the date is founded) is a football club that plays in the São Tomé and Príncipe Championship. The team is based in the village of Santana island of São Tomé. The club is the country's only military football club. The team is one of the few teams to claim presently only one island and national title, the club also has two island and national cup wins.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 107331, "question": "Which was the country for Revolution's Orphans?", "answer": "Canada", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 31433, "question": "What is the oldest football club in #1 ?", "answer": "Hamilton Football Club", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Economy of Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece is classified as an advanced, high-income economy, and was a founding member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and of the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC). The country joined what is now the European Union in 1981. In 2001 Greece adopted the euro as its currency, replacing the Greek drachma at an exchange rate of 340.75 drachmae per euro. Greece is a member of the International Monetary Fund and of the World Trade Organization, and ranked 34th on Ernst & Young's Globalization Index 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "The Human Development Index report of 2005 shows that there were three boroughs with a very high Human Development Index, 12 with a high HDI value (9 above .85) and one with a medium HDI value (almost high). Benito Juárez borough had the highest HDI of the country (.9510) followed by Miguel Hidalgo which came up 4th nationally with a HDI of (.9189) and Coyoacán (5th nationally) with a HDI value of (.9169). Cuajimalpa, Cuauhtémoc and Azcapotzalco had very high values; respectively .8994 (15th nationally),.8922 (23rd) and .8915 (25th).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Index Point", "paragraph_text": "Index Point () is a low, ice-covered point that forms the eastern extremity of the Mountaineer Range on the coast of Victoria Land, Antarctica. The feature lies at the terminus of Mariner Glacier, west of Emerging Island. It was so named in 1966 by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee because the shape is suggestive of an index finger.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Intellectual property", "paragraph_text": "The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) recognizes that conflicts may exist between the respect for and implementation of current intellectual property systems and other human rights. In 2001 the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights issued a document called \"Human rights and intellectual property\" that argued that intellectual property tends to be governed by economic goals when it should be viewed primarily as a social product; in order to serve human well-being, intellectual property systems must respect and conform to human rights laws. According to the Committee, when systems fail to do so they risk infringing upon the human right to food and health, and to cultural participation and scientific benefits. In 2004 the General Assembly of WIPO adopted The Geneva Declaration on the Future of the World Intellectual Property Organization which argues that WIPO should \"focus more on the needs of developing countries, and to view IP as one of many tools for development—not as an end in itself\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "West Jasper Place, Edmonton (area)", "paragraph_text": "West Jasper Place is a residential area in the west portion of the City of Edmonton in Alberta, Canada. It was established in 1972 through Edmonton City Council's adoption of West Jasper Place Outline Plan, which guides the overall development of the area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "European Union law", "paragraph_text": "The Social Chapter is a chapter of the 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam covering social policy issues in European Union law. The basis for the Social Chapter was developed in 1989 by the \"social partners\" representatives, namely UNICE, the employers' confederation, the European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC) and CEEP, the European Centre of Public Enterprises. A toned down version was adopted as the Social Charter at the 1989 Strasbourg European Council. The Social Charter declares 30 general principles, including on fair remuneration of employment, health and safety at work, rights of disabled and elderly, the rights of workers, on vocational training and improvements of living conditions. The Social Charter became the basis for European Community legislation on these issues in 40 pieces of legislation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Race (human categorization)", "paragraph_text": "The population geneticist Sewall Wright developed one way of measuring genetic differences between populations known as the Fixation index, which is often abbreviated to FST. This statistic is often used in taxonomy to compare differences between any two given populations by measuring the genetic differences among and between populations for individual genes, or for many genes simultaneously. It is often stated that the fixation index for humans is about 0.15. This translates to an estimated 85% of the variation measured in the overall human population is found within individuals of the same population, and about 15% of the variation occurs between populations. These estimates imply that any two individuals from different populations are almost as likely to be more similar to each other than either is to a member of their own group. Richard Lewontin, who affirmed these ratios, thus concluded neither \"race\" nor \"subspecies\" were appropriate or useful ways to describe human populations. However, others have noticed that group variation was relatively similar to the variation observed in other mammalian species.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Canadian Human Rights Commission", "paragraph_text": "The Canadian Human Rights Commission (CHRC) was established in 1977 by the government of Canada. It is empowered under the \"Canadian Human Rights Act\" to investigate and try to settle complaints of discrimination in employment and in the provision of services within federal jurisdiction. The CHRC is also empowered under the \"Employment Equity Act\" to ensure that federally regulated employers provide equal opportunities for four designated groups: women, Aboriginal people, the disabled and visible minorities. The CHRC helps enforce these human rights and inform the general public and employers of these rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board", "paragraph_text": "The Canada Employment Insurance Financing Board (CEIFB) was a Crown corporation of the Government of Canada, created in 2008, that began its operations in 2010 and was dissolved in 2013. As a parent Crown corporation, under Part X of the Financial Administration Act, CEIFB reported to Parliament through the Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "Estonia has pursued the development of the e-state and e-government. Internet voting is used in elections in Estonia. The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet. Voters have a chance to invalidate their electronic vote in traditional elections, if they wish to. In 2009 in its eighth Worldwide Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked Estonia sixth out of 175 countries. In the first ever State of World Liberty Index report, Estonia was ranked first out of 159 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Journal of Human Capital", "paragraph_text": "The Journal of Human Capital is a quarterly peer reviewed academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press. It covers theoretical and empirical research on the role of human capital in economics. The editor-in-chief is Isaac Ehrlich (State University of New York at Buffalo). The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Social Sciences Citation Index and Current Contents/Social & Behavioral Sciences.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Berkeley Group Holdings", "paragraph_text": "The Berkeley Group Holdings plc is a British property developer based in Cobham, Surrey. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "A developed country with an advanced, high-income economy and high living standards, Estonia ranks very high in the Human Development Index, and performs favourably in measurements of economic freedom, civil liberties, education, and press freedom (third in the world in 2012). Estonia has been among the fastest growing economies in the European Union and is a part of the World Trade Organization and the Nordic Investment Bank. Estonia is often described as one of the most internet-focused countries in Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "Many Pygmies belong from birth to Bantus in a relationship many refer to as slavery. The Congolese Human Rights Observatory says that the Pygmies are treated as property the same way \"pets\" are. On December 30, 2010, the Congolese parliament adopted a law for the promotion and protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. This law is the first of its kind in Africa, and its adoption is a historic development for indigenous peoples on the continent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Elizabeth Mataka", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Mataka was the United Nations Special Envoy for HIV/AIDS in Africa, as appointed on May 21, 2007 by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, replacing Stephen Lewis. She served in this position till 13 July 2012. Mataka is a national of Botswana and a resident of Zambia. She served as the vice-chair of the board of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "Greece is a developed country with high standards of living[citation needed] and high Human Development Index. Its economy mainly comprises the service sector (85.0%) and industry (12.0%), while agriculture makes up 3.0% of the national economic output. Important Greek industries include tourism (with 14.9 million international tourists in 2009, it is ranked as the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world by the United Nations World Tourism Organization) and merchant shipping (at 16.2% of the world's total capacity, the Greek merchant marine is the largest in the world), while the country is also a considerable agricultural producer (including fisheries) within the union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "The Democratic Republic of the Congo is extremely rich in natural resources but has had political instability, a lack of infrastructure, issues with corruption and centuries of both commercial and colonial extraction and exploitation with little holistic development. Besides the capital Kinshasa, the two next largest cities Lubumbashi and Mbuji - Mayi are both mining communities. DR Congo's largest export is raw minerals, with China accepting over 50% of DRC's exports in 2012. In 2016, DR Congo's level of human development was ranked 176th out of 187 countries by the Human Development Index. As of 2018, around 600,000 Congolese have fled to neighbouring countries from conflicts in the centre and east of the DRC. Two million children risk starvation, and the fighting has displaced 4.5 million people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Wachusett Shirt Company", "paragraph_text": "The Wachusett Shirt Company is an historic industrial complex at 97-106 Water Street in Leominster, Massachusetts, United States. The five-building complex was developed between 1887 and 1910, and was home to one of the city's leading employers until the 1930s. Most of the complex converted into a residential complex known as Riverway Apartments in 1981. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "A new index was released on December 18, 2008. This so-called \"statistical update\" covered the period up to 2006 and was published without an accompanying Human Development Report. The update is relevant due to newly released estimates of purchasing power parities (PPP), implying substantial adjustments for many countries, resulting in changes in HDI values and, in many cases, HDI ranks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Human Development Index", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 Human Development Report introduced an Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI). While the simple HDI remains useful, it stated that \"the IHDI is the actual level of human development (accounting for inequality),\" and \"the HDI can be viewed as an index of 'potential' human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality).\"", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 156539, "question": "What is Elizabeth Mataka's place of employment?", "answer": "United Nations", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 44615, "question": "when was the human development index adopted by #1", "answer": "1990", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "paragraph_text": "The American Civil War boosted the local economy with wartime purchases of industrial goods, including that of the New Haven Arms Company, which would later become the Winchester Repeating Arms Company. (Winchester would continue to produce arms in New Haven until 2006, and many of the buildings that were a part of the Winchester plant are now a part of the Winchester Repeating Arms Company Historic District.) After the war, population grew and doubled by the start of the 20th century, most notably due to the influx of immigrants from southern Europe, particularly Italy. Today, roughly half the populations of East Haven, West Haven, and North Haven are Italian-American. Jewish immigration to New Haven has left an enduring mark on the city. Westville was the center of Jewish life in New Haven, though today many have fanned out to suburban communities such as Woodbridge and Cheshire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Winchester Mystery House", "paragraph_text": "Since its construction in 1884, the property and mansion were claimed by many to be haunted by the ghosts of those killed with Winchester rifles. Under Winchester's day - to - day guidance, its ``from - the - ground - up ''construction proceeded around the clock, by some accounts, without interruption, until her death on September 5, 1922, at which time work immediately ceased. Sarah Winchester's biographer, however, says that Winchester`` routinely dismissed workers for months at a time 'to take such rest as I might''' and notes that ``this flies in the face of claims by today's Mystery House proprietors that work at the ranch was ceaseless for thirty - eight years. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Would I", "paragraph_text": "\"Would I\" is a song written by Mark Winchester and recorded by American country music artist Randy Travis. It was released in September 1996 as the second single from the album \"Full Circle\". The song reached number 25 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Harry Blamires", "paragraph_text": "Harry Blamires (6 November 1916 − 21 November 2017) was an Anglican theologian, literary critic, and novelist. Blamires was once head of the English department at King Alfred's College (now University of Winchester) in Winchester, England. He started writing in the late 1940s at the encouragement of his friend and mentor C. S. Lewis, who had been his tutor at Oxford University, where he graduated from University College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Virgin Drinks", "paragraph_text": "After thirteen years, the brand started to massively decline as rival Coca-Cola had made exclusive distribution deals in big stores and restaurants. This led to Virgin only being sold in select supermarkets and local stores. Virgin Group decided it could not compete with cola rivals. In 2007, Virgin Drinks sold over the rights of Virgin Cola to a company called Silver Spring Soft Drinks. Virgin Vodka was discontinued when Virgin Drinks failed to find a buyer. Virgin Drinks were made defunct in 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Phil Cade", "paragraph_text": "Philip Cade (June 12, 1916, in Charles City, Iowa – August 28, 2001, in Winchester, Massachusetts) was an amateur race car driver from the United States. He entered one Formula One Grand Prix, the 1959 United States Grand Prix, with a privately entered Maserati 250F, but failed to start due to engine problems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant", "paragraph_text": "Elizabeth Shepley Sergeant (April 23, 1881, Winchester, Massachusetts – January 26, 1965, New York City) was an American journalist and writer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Azadirachta indica", "paragraph_text": "During Gudi Padva, which is the New Year in the state of Maharashtra, the ancient practice of drinking a small quantity of neem juice or paste on that day, before starting festivities, is found. As in many Hindu festivals and their association with some food to avoid negative side - effects of the season or change of seasons, neem juice is associated with Gudi Padva to remind people to use it during that particular month or season to pacify summer pitta.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Las Vegas Strip", "paragraph_text": "The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of South Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip is approximately 4.2 miles (6.8 km) in length, located immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester. However, the Strip is often referred to as being in Las Vegas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Abrams Creek (Virginia)", "paragraph_text": "Abrams Creek is an tributary stream of Opequon Creek in Frederick County and the independent city of Winchester in Virginia. Abrams Creek rises north of Round Hill and flows in a southeasterly direction through Winchester. From Winchester, Abrams Creek flows east into Opequon Creek. The stream was originally known as Abraham's Creek.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Winchester Mystery House", "paragraph_text": "The Winchester Mystery House is a mansion in San Jose, California, that was once the personal residence of Sarah Winchester, the widow of firearm magnate William Wirt Winchester. Located at 525 South Winchester Blvd. in San Jose, the Queen Anne Style Victorian mansion is renowned for its size, its architectural curiosities, and its lack of any master building plan. It is a designated California historical landmark and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is privately owned and serves as a tourist attraction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Spy in Black", "paragraph_text": "\"The Spy in Black\" was filmed at Denham Studios, with location shooting at Northchurch Common in Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire and in Orkney, Scotland. The film wrapped production on 24 December 1938 and was released in the U.K. on 12 August 1939 – 22 days before the country again went to war with Germany. Its American premiere was held in New York City on 5 October of that year, and it went into general release two days later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Winchester", "paragraph_text": "There was a fire in the city in 1141 during the Rout of Winchester. William of Wykeham played a role in the city's restoration. As Bishop of Winchester he was responsible for much of the current structure of the cathedral, and he founded the still extant public school Winchester College. During the Middle Ages, the city was an important centre of the wool trade, before going into a slow decline. The curfew bell in the bell tower (near the clock in the picture), still sounds at 8:00 pm each evening.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Five Days of Milan", "paragraph_text": "The Five Days of Milan ( ) was a major event in the Revolutionary Year of 1848 and the start of the First Italian War of Independence. On 18 March, a rebellion arose in the city of Milan, and in five days of street fighting drove Marshal Radetzky and his Austrian soldiers from the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Winchester", "paragraph_text": "Winchester is a city and the county town of Hampshire, England. The city lies at the heart of the wider City of Winchester, a local government district, and is located at the western end of the South Downs National Park, along the course of the River Itchen. It is situated 60 miles (97 km) south-west of London and 13.6 miles (21.9 km) from Southampton, its closest city. At the time of the 2011 Census, Winchester had a population of 45,184. The wider City of Winchester district which includes towns such as Alresford and Bishop's Waltham has a population of 116,800.Winchester developed from the Roman town of Venta Belgarum, which in turn developed from an Iron Age oppidum. Winchester's major landmark is Winchester Cathedral, one of the largest cathedrals in Europe, with the distinction of having the longest nave and overall length of all Gothic cathedrals in Europe. The city is home to the University of Winchester and Winchester College, the oldest public school in the United Kingdom still using its original buildings.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "I'm Gonna Miss You, Girl", "paragraph_text": "\"I'm Gonna Miss You, Girl\" is a song written by Jesse Winchester, and recorded by American country music artist Michael Martin Murphey. It was released in October 1987 as the lead single from the album \"River of Time\". The song peaked at number 3 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart and at number 4 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Alcohol licensing laws of the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "After the outbreak of World War I the Defence of the Realm Act was passed by Parliament in 1914. One section of the Act concerned the hours pubs could sell alcohol, as it was believed that alcohol consumption would interfere with the war effort. It restricted opening hours for licensed premises to luncheon (12: 00 to 14: 40) and supper (18: 30 to 21: 30). In the late 1980s the licensing laws in England and Wales became less restricted and allowed pubs to allow the consumption of alcohol on the premises from 11: 00 until 23: 00, although nightclubs were allowed to stay open much later. Significantly revised rules were introduced in November 2005, when hour limits were scrapped, and pubs were allowed to apply for licences as permissive as ``24 hours a day ''. In practice, most pubs chose to apply for more restrictive licences.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Borregas station", "paragraph_text": "Borregas is a light rail station operated by Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA), located in Sunnyvale, California. Borregas is served by the Mountain View–Winchester light rail line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Susan Winchester", "paragraph_text": "Susan Winchester, born in Chickasha, Oklahoma, earned her bachelor's and master's degrees at the University of Oklahoma. Winchester co-owned and operated American Dusting Company and Chickasha Flying Service from 1976 to 1989, after which she worked as a coordinator for Adult Training and Development at Canadian Valley Technology Center. In 1992 she started Winchester Group, an educational group that provides training and consulting to businesses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Bob Lyon", "paragraph_text": "Bob Lyon, an American politician, is a former Kansas State Senator from the city of Winchester. A civil engineer, Lyon is a graduate of the University of Virginia and George Washington University.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159460, "question": "In what country is the city of Winchester located?", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 70782, "question": "when did all day drinking start in #1", "answer": "November 2005", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "30 Years from Here", "paragraph_text": "30 Years From Here is an American made-for-television documentary about the 30 years war on the HIV and AIDS pandemic. The documentary was directed by Josh Rosenzweig for the LGBT cable network here!. The documentary debuted on November 25, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Shou Lung", "paragraph_text": "In the fictional Forgotten Realms campaign setting of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, Shou Lung is a country in the continent of Kara-Tur, which is located to the east of Faerûn. It is modeled on Imperial China and is arguably the largest and most powerful nation in the world, due to the sheer size of their armies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2009 flu pandemic in Europe", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 flu pandemic in Europe was part of a pandemic involving a new strain of influenza, subtype H1N1. H1N1 is commonly called swine flu. The pandemic infected at least 125,550 people in Europe. There were 458 confirmed deaths in Turkey, 438 confirmed deaths in Russia, and 457 confirmed deaths in the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Virus", "paragraph_text": "Native American populations were devastated by contagious diseases, in particular, smallpox, brought to the Americas by European colonists. It is unclear how many Native Americans were killed by foreign diseases after the arrival of Columbus in the Americas, but the numbers have been estimated to be close to 70% of the indigenous population. The damage done by this disease significantly aided European attempts to displace and conquer the native population.A pandemic is a worldwide epidemic. The 1918 flu pandemic, which lasted until 1919, was a category 5 influenza pandemic caused by an unusually severe and deadly influenza A virus. The victims were often healthy young adults, in contrast to most influenza outbreaks, which predominantly affect juvenile, elderly, or otherwise-weakened patients. Older estimates say it killed 40–50 million people, while more recent research suggests that it may have killed as many as 100 million people, or 5% of the world's population in 1918.Most researchers believe that HIV originated in sub-Saharan Africa during the 20th century; it is now a pandemic, with an estimated 38.6 million people now living with the disease worldwide. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimate that AIDS has killed more than 25 million people since it was first recognised on 5 June 1981, making it one of the most destructive epidemics in recorded history. In 2007 there were 2.7 million new HIV infections and 2 million HIV-related deaths.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "SM UB-136", "paragraph_text": "SM \"UB-136\" was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat built for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. Completed after the end of hostilities, she was not commissioned into the German Imperial Navy but surrendered to Britain in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany. In 1922 she was broken up in Rochester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Spanish flu", "paragraph_text": "The 1918 flu pandemic (January 1918 -- December 1920) was an unusually deadly influenza pandemic, the first of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus. It infected 500 million people around the world, including remote Pacific islands and the Arctic, and resulted in the deaths of 50 to 100 million (three to five percent of the world's population), making it one of the deadliest natural disasters in human history. Disease had already greatly limited life expectancy in the early 20th century. A considerable spike occurred at the time of the pandemic, specifically the year 1918. Life expectancy in the United States alone dropped by about 12 years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "HIV/AIDS", "paragraph_text": "In 2016, about 36.7 million people were living with HIV and it resulted in 1 million deaths. There were 300,000 fewer new HIV cases in 2016 than in 2015. Most of those infected live in sub-Saharan Africa. From the time AIDS was identified in the early 1980s to 2017, the disease has caused an estimated 35 million deaths worldwide. HIV / AIDS is considered a pandemic -- a disease outbreak which is present over a large area and is actively spreading. HIV originated in west - central Africa during the late 19th or early 20th century. AIDS was first recognized by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1981 and its cause -- HIV infection -- was identified in the early part of the decade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "However, in 1883–84 Germany began to build a colonial empire in Africa and the South Pacific, before losing interest in imperialism. Historians have debated exactly why Germany made this sudden and short-lived move.[verification needed] Bismarck was aware that public opinion had started to demand colonies for reasons of German prestige. He was influenced by Hamburg merchants and traders, his neighbors at Friedrichsruh. The establishment of the German colonial empire proceeded smoothly, starting with German New Guinea in 1884.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute", "paragraph_text": "The Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute was held in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008 to commemorate Nelson Mandela's ninetieth birthday (18 July). The concert formed part of the 46664 concert series to promote awareness of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and came twenty years after the 1988 Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute Concert at Wembley, held while Mandela was still in prison.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire \"during the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description\". British imperialism often used the concept of Terra nullius (Latin expression which stems from Roman law meaning 'empty land'). The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century, as it was premised on terra nullius, and its settlers considered it unused by its sparse Aboriginal inhabitants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Exotenwald Weinheim", "paragraph_text": "The Exotenwald Weinheim (about 60 hectares) is a forest arboretum located beside the Schlosspark in Weinheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is open daily without charge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Pandemrix", "paragraph_text": "Pandemrix is an influenza vaccine for influenza pandemics, such as the 2009 flu pandemic. The vaccine was developed by GlaxoSmithKline and patented in September 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Black Death in England", "paragraph_text": "The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. The term ``Black Death ''was not used until the late 17th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Pandemic", "paragraph_text": "HIV originated in Africa, and spread to the United States via Haiti between 1966 and 1972. AIDS is currently a pandemic, with infection rates as high as 25% in southern and eastern Africa. In 2006, the HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women in South Africa was 29.1%. Effective education about safer sexual practices and bloodborne infection precautions training have helped to slow down infection rates in several African countries sponsoring national education programs. Infection rates are rising again in Asia and the Americas. The AIDS death toll in Africa may reach 90–100 million by 2025.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Black Death in England", "paragraph_text": "The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. The term ``Black Death ''was not used until the late 17th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Josip Broz Tito", "paragraph_text": "Tito's estrangement from the USSR enabled Yugoslavia to obtain US aid via the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), the same US aid institution which administered the Marshall Plan. Still, he did not agree to align with the West, which was a common consequence of accepting American aid at the time. After Stalin's death in 1953, relations with the USSR were relaxed and he began to receive aid as well from the COMECON. In this way, Tito played East-West antagonism to his advantage. Instead of choosing sides, he was instrumental in kick-starting the Non-Aligned Movement, which would function as a 'third way' for countries interested in staying outside of the East-West divide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Imperial College London", "paragraph_text": "In 1907, the newly established Board of Education found that greater capacity for higher technical education was needed and a proposal to merge the City and Guilds College, the Royal School of Mines and the Royal College of Science was approved and passed, creating The Imperial College of Science and Technology as a constituent college of the University of London. Imperial's Royal Charter, granted by Edward VII, was officially signed on 8 July 1907. The main campus of Imperial College was constructed beside the buildings of the Imperial Institute in South Kensington.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Brazil at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Brazil is the most successful national team in the history of the World Cup, having won five titles, earning second - place, third - place and fourth - place finishes twice each. Brazil is one of the countries besides Argentina, Spain and Germany to win a FIFA World Cup away from its continent (Sweden 1958, Mexico 1970, USA 1994 and South Korea / Japan 2002). Brazil is the only national team to have played in all FIFA World Cup editions without any absence or need for playoffs. Brazil also has the best overall performance in World Cup history in both proportional and absolute terms with a record of 73 victories in 109 matches played, 124 goal difference, 237 points and only 18 losses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Charles Nicholson (flautist)", "paragraph_text": "Charles Nicholson (1795–1837), was a Liverpool-born flautist and composer, who performed regularly in London. He was soloist at many of the Philharmonic Society Concerts from 1816-1836, and first flautist with the principal theater orchestras. He toured extensively in Britain, but never on the Continent. Besides giving classes to many students, he wrote tutors for flute-playing which were published throughout the 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Germans", "paragraph_text": "In the midst of the European sovereign-debt crisis, Radek Sikorski, Poland's Foreign Minister, stated in November 2011, \"I will probably be the first Polish foreign minister in history to say so, but here it is: I fear German power less than I am beginning to fear German inactivity. You have become Europe's indispensable nation.\" According to Jacob Heilbrunn, a senior editor at The National Interest, such a statement is unprecedented when taking into consideration Germany's history. \"This was an extraordinary statement from a top official of a nation that was ravaged by Germany during World War II. And it reflects a profound shift taking place throughout Germany and Europe about Berlin's position at the center of the Continent.\" Heilbrunn believes that the adage, \"what was good for Germany was bad for the European Union\" has been supplanted by a new mentality—what is in the interest of Germany is also in the interest of its neighbors. The evolution in Germany's national identity stems from focusing less on its Nazi past and more on its Prussian history, which many Germans believe was betrayed—and not represented—by Nazism. The evolution is further precipitated by Germany's conspicuous position as Europe's strongest economy. Indeed, this German sphere of influence has been welcomed by the countries that border it, as demonstrated by Polish foreign minister Radek Sikorski's effusive praise for his country's western neighbor. This shift in thinking is boosted by a newer generation of Germans who see World War II as a distant memory.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161880, "question": "What continent has an AIDS pandemic?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 42188, "question": "Besides #1 , where did Germany have imperial interests?", "answer": "South Pacific", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Will Smith", "paragraph_text": "Smith donated $4,600 to the 2008 presidential campaign of Democrat Barack Obama. On December 11, 2009, Smith and his wife hosted the Nobel Peace Prize Concert in Oslo, Norway to celebrate Obama's winning of the prize.In 2012, Smith stated he supported legalizing same-sex marriage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bermuda", "paragraph_text": "Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994. Legislation was introduced by Private Members Bill by PLP MP Wayne Furbert to amend the Human Rights Act of Bermuda to disallow Same Sex Marriage under the Act in February 2016. The OBA government simultaneously introduced a bill to permit Civil Unions. Both measures were in response to a decision by His Hon Mr. Justice Ian Kawaley, Chief Justice of Bermuda's earlier ruling that same sex spouses of Bermuda citizens could not be denied basic Human Rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Noah's Arc (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Noah's Arc is an American cable television dramedy. The series, which predominantly features gay black and Latino characters, focused on many socially relevant issues, including same sex dating, same-sex marriage, same-sex parenthood, HIV and AIDS awareness, infidelity, promiscuity, homophobia, gay bashing. It ran from October 19, 2005, to October 4, 2006. After its cancellation, a film was produced entitled \"\", which was released theatrically in 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "In 2002, businessman Phil Bredesen was elected as the 48th governor. Also in 2002, Tennessee amended the state constitution to allow for the establishment of a lottery. Tennessee's Bob Corker was the only freshman Republican elected to the United States Senate in the 2006 midterm elections. The state constitution was amended to reject same-sex marriage. In January 2007, Ron Ramsey became the first Republican elected as Speaker of the State Senate since Reconstruction, as a result of the realignment of the Democratic and Republican parties in the South since the late 20th century, with Republicans now elected by conservative voters, who previously had supported Democrats.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Same-sex marriage in Sweden", "paragraph_text": "On 22 October 2009, the governing board of the Church of Sweden, voted 176–62 in favour of allowing its priests to wed same-sex couples in new gender-neutral church ceremonies, including the use of the term marriage. Same-sex marriages have been performed by the church since 1 November 2009.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Equality Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Equality Maryland (EQMD) is a non-profit organization formerly headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, now based in Baltimore. It is the largest organization in Maryland whose activities focus on advocacy and education with regard to LGBT social and political movements. Its mission includes: the passage of laws prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender expression, and gender identity; the expansion of Maryland's hate-crimes statute; the increase of domestic partner benefits; the legal recognition of same-sex marriage in Maryland and laws banning the practice of conversion therapy on minors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Interracial marriage", "paragraph_text": "Interracial marriage is a form of marriage outside a specific social group (exogamy) involving spouses who belong to different socially - defined races or racialized ethnicities. In the past, it was outlawed in the United States of America and in South Africa as miscegenation. It became legal in the entire United States in 1967 when the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in the case Loving v. Virginia that race - based restrictions on marriages violated the Equal Protection Clause of the United States Constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Defense of Marriage Act", "paragraph_text": "The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) (Pub. L. 104 -- 199, 110 Stat. 2419, enacted September 21, 1996, 1 U.S.C. § 7 and 28 U.S.C. § 1738C) was a United States federal law that, prior to being ruled unconstitutional, defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman, and allowed states to refuse to recognize same - sex marriages granted under the laws of other states. Until Section 3 of the Act was struck down in 2013 (United States v. Windsor), DOMA, in conjunction with other statutes, had barred same - sex married couples from being recognized as ``spouses ''for purposes of federal laws, effectively barring them from receiving federal marriage benefits. DOMA's passage did not prevent individual states from recognizing same - sex marriage, but it imposed constraints on the benefits received by all legally married same - sex couples.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005 film)", "paragraph_text": "The film ends with the couple meeting the marriage counselor (William Fichtner) again, where the Smiths state how much their marriage has thrived, with John encouraging him to ask for an update on their sex lives (to which he silently answers ``10 '').", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Republic of Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Same - sex marriage has been legal in Ireland since 16 November 2015. A referendum on 22 May 2015 amended the Constitution of Ireland to provide that marriage is recognised irrespective of the sex of the partners. The measure was signed into law by the President of Ireland as the Thirty - fourth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland on 29 August 2015. The Marriage Act 2015, passed by the Oireachtas on 22 October 2015 and signed into law by the Presidential Commission on 29 October 2015, gave legislative effect to the amendment. Marriages of same - sex couples in Ireland began being recognised from 16 November 2015 and the first marriage ceremonies of same - sex couples in Ireland occurred on 17 November 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands has been legal since 1 April 2001. The Netherlands was the first country in the world to legalize same-sex marriage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Same-sex marriage in New Zealand", "paragraph_text": "During the 2005 election, Prime Minister Helen Clark stated that she thought it was discriminatory to exclude same-sex couples from the Marriage Act 1955, but said she would not push to change it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of same-sex marriage in Australia", "paragraph_text": "The history of same - sex marriage in Australia includes its express prohibition by the Howard Government in 2004 and its eventual legalisation by the Parliament in December 2017. Although a same - sex marriage law was passed by the Australian Capital Territory in 2013, it was struck down by the High Court on the basis of inconsistency with federal law. The Court's decision closed the possibility of concurrent state or territory laws that would allow same - sex marriage where federal law did not. A law legalising same - sex marriage passed the Parliament on 7 December 2017 and received royal assent the following day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Amalie Schoppe", "paragraph_text": "Her friends included Rosa Maria Assing, Justinus Kerner and Adelbert von Chamisso, along with the young poet Friedrich Hebbel, whom she introduced to patrons and allowed to use her study. From 1827 to 1846 she edited the Pariser Modeblätter as well writing literary articles for it. She also wrote for several other magazines and from 1831 to 1839 edited the young peoples' magazine Iduna. From 1842 to 1845 she lived in Jena, before moving back to Hamburg and finally in 1851 to the United States of America with her son, where she died aged 66 in Schenectady, New York", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Same-sex marriage in Sweden", "paragraph_text": "On 27 October 2007, the Moderate Party formally backed same-sex marriages, meaning that the Christian Democrats would be the only party to oppose the law. Göran Hägglund, the leader of the Christian Democrats, stated on Swedish Radio, \"my position is that I have been tasked by the party to argue that marriage is for men and women. … When we discuss it between parties we are naturally open and sensitive to each other's arguments and we'll see if we can find a line that allows us to come together.\"On 12 December 2007, the Church of Sweden gave the green light for same-sex couples to wed in the church, but recommended the term marriage be restricted to opposite-sex couples. It was asked by the Government for its opinion on the matter before the introduction of legislation in early 2008. \"Marriage and (same-sex) partnerships are equivalent forms of unions. Therefore the Church of Sweden's central board says yes to the proposal to join the legislation for marriages and partnerships into a single law,\" the Church said in a statement. \"According to the Church of Sweden's board the word 'marriage' should, however, only be used for the relationship between a woman and a man,\" it said.On 14 January 2008, two leading politicians in the Christian Democrats took a position against the party and started to support same-sex marriage.Reports suggested the Government would table its same-sex marriage bill in early 2008, however, they had yet to propose a bill. This was likely due to the Christian Democrats' opposition from within the four-party centre-right governing coalition despite their being the only party opposing the move. After negotiations on a compromise broke down and facing a parliamentary ultimatum in late October 2008, the Government prepared to present its bill to a free vote.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Marriage Act 1961 (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "Part II (s. 10 - 21) deals with the marriageable age and the marriage of minors. In the original 1961 Act, marriageable age was set at 16 for females and 18 for males. The marriageable age was equalised in 1991 by the Sex Discrimination Amendment Act 1991 which raised the marriageable age of females to 18.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Equality Alabama", "paragraph_text": "Equality Alabama was formed by the 2002 merger of the Gay and Lesbian Alliance of Alabama and Equality Begins at Home of Central Alabama. The organization began to increase its activity prior to the 2005 referendum that banned same-sex marriage in the state. Representatives for the organization have stated that the additional visibility was in reaction to increasingly anti-gay legislation being brought forth in the state government. Proposed, but thus far not enacted, state legislation has included banning the adoption of children by LGBT people and prohibiting libraries from purchasing literature that portrays homosexuality as an acceptable lifestyle.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Same-sex marriage in the Netherlands", "paragraph_text": "As early as the mid-1980s, a group of gay rights activists, headed by Henk Krol – then editor-in-chief of the Gay Krant – asked the Government to allow same-sex couples to marry. Parliament decided in 1995 to create a special commission, which was to investigate the possibility of same-sex marriages. At that moment, the Christian Democrats (Christian Democratic Appeal) were not part of the ruling coalition for the first time since the introduction of full democracy. The special commission finished its work in 1997 and concluded that civil marriage should be extended to include same-sex couples. After the election of 1998, the Government promised to tackle the issue. In September 2000, the final legislation draft was debated in the Dutch Parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Rodney Croome", "paragraph_text": "In 2012, Croome became the fifth National Director of Australian Marriage Equality. On 8 May 2013 Croome debated Patrick Langrell on Same Sex Marriage at the University of New South Wales. In September 2013 Rodney Croome wrote to the group Community Action Against Homophobia CAAH expressing his concerns in regards to the radical campaigning methods they use in same-sex marriage campaigns saying, \"It is a double standard to demand respect for same-sex relationships without showing the same respect in return\". Croome supports Australia's trans and intersex communities in their quest for marriage equality saying, \"the marriage equality campaign must be inclusive of all loving committed couples regardless of sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or intersex status\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "The politics pursued by the administrations of heads of government in Mexico City since the second half of the 20th century have usually been more liberal than those of the rest of the country, whether with the support of the federal government—as was the case with the approval of several comprehensive environmental laws in the 1980s—or through laws recently approved by the Legislative Assembly. In April of the same year, the Legislative Assembly expanded provisions on abortions, becoming the first federal entity to expand abortion in Mexico beyond cases of rape and economic reasons, to permit it regardless of the reason should the mother request it before the twelfth week of pregnancy. In December 2009, the Federal District became the first city in Latin America, and one of very few in the world, to legalize same-sex marriage.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 157791, "question": "In what state did the writer die?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 1960, "question": "Same-sex marriage became legal on what date in #1 ?", "answer": "June 24, 2011", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "England", "paragraph_text": "England has a strong sporting heritage, and during the 19th century codified many sports that are now played around the world. Sports originating in England include association football, cricket, rugby union, rugby league, tennis, boxing, badminton, squash, rounders, hockey, snooker, billiards, darts, table tennis, bowls, netball, thoroughbred horseracing, greyhound racing and fox hunting. It has helped the development of golf, sailing and Formula One.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Lorne De Pape", "paragraph_text": "Lorne De Pape (born 18 April 1955 in Saint Boniface, Manitoba) is a Canadian-born New Zealand curler. He moved to New Zealand in the 1990s due to his job for Monsanto. He competed for New Zealand at the 2006 Winter Olympics despite the country having limited curling resources at the time. His curling teammates were skip Sean Becker, Hans Frauenlob, Dan Mustapic and Warren Dobson. Before that he had helped found the Auckland Curling Club in 1996 and has won 4 gold medals at the Pacific Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2009 United States Olympic Curling Trials", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 United States Olympic Curling Team Trials were held from February 21 to 28, 2009 at the Broomfield Event Center in Broomfield, Colorado. Trials have been held ever since curling returned to the Olympics as a demonstration sport in 1988. The trials also constituted the 2009 United States National Curling Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ray Werner", "paragraph_text": "Raymond Werner (c. 1935 – May 17, 1998) was the third on the Alberta Avenue CC curling team (from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada) during the World Curling Championships known as the 1961 Scotch Cup. He died in 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2018 World Men's Curling Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 World Men's Curling Championship (branded as the 361 _̊ World Men's Curling Championship 2018 for sponsorship reasons) was held from March 31 to April 8, 2018 at Orleans Arena, on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "History of Scotland", "paragraph_text": "Rivals John Comyn and Robert the Bruce, grandson of the claimant, were appointed as joint guardians in his place. On 10 February 1306, Bruce participated in the murder of Comyn, at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. Less than seven weeks later, on 25 March, Bruce was crowned as King. However, Edward's forces overran the country after defeating Bruce's small army at the Battle of Methven. Despite the excommunication of Bruce and his followers by Pope Clement V, his support slowly strengthened; and by 1314 with the help of leading nobles such as Sir James Douglas and Thomas Randolph only the castles at Bothwell and Stirling remained under English control. Edward I had died in 1307. His heir Edward II moved an army north to break the siege of Stirling Castle and reassert control. Robert defeated that army at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, securing de facto independence. In 1320 the Declaration of Arbroath, a remonstrance to the Pope from the nobles of Scotland, helped convince Pope John XXII to overturn the earlier excommunication and nullify the various acts of submission by Scottish kings to English ones so that Scotland's sovereignty could be recognised by the major European dynasties. The Declaration has also been seen as one of the most important documents in the development of a Scottish national identity.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Jordan Pinder", "paragraph_text": "Jordan Pinder (born 24 April 1984 in Miramichi, New Brunswick), is a Canadian curler originally from New Brunswick. He now lives in Blockhouse, Nova Scotia, and curls out of the Lakeshore Curling Club in Lower Sackville, Nova Scotia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2018 World Women's Curling Championship", "paragraph_text": "2018 World Women's Curling Championship Host city North Bay, Ontario Arena North Bay Memorial Gardens Dates March 17 -- 25 Attendance 69,391 Winner Canada Curling club St. Vital Curling Club, Winnipeg Skip Jennifer Jones Third Kaitlyn Lawes Second Jill Officer Lead Dawn McEwen Alternate Shannon Birchard Coach Wendy Morgan Finalist Sweden (Anna Hasselborg) ``2017 2019 ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Marcia Gudereit", "paragraph_text": "Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, she was part of Team Schmirler, the women's curling team that won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics. This team is the only 3-time winner of the World Curling Championship (1993, 1994, 1997). After Sandra died, she remained in the team, now skipped by Jan Betker for whom she currently plays. She curls out of the Caledonia Curling Club in Regina, Saskatchewan and works as a systems analyst for The Co-operators.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Curling at the Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "Curling was included in the program of the inaugural Winter Olympic Games in 1924 in Chamonix although the results of that competition were not considered official by the International Olympic Committee until 2006. Curling was a demonstration sport at the 1932 Games, and then again after a lengthy absence in 1988 and 1992. The sport was finally added to the official program for the 1998 Nagano Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Rick Sawatsky", "paragraph_text": "Richard \"Rick\" Sawatsky (born February 26, 1976 in Sioux Lookout, Ontario) is a Canadian curler from Kelowna, British Columbia. He is currently the lead for the Jim Cotter team that curls out of the Kelowna Curling Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Embassy of the Philippines, Bandar Seri Begawan", "paragraph_text": "The Embassy of the Philippines in Bandar Seri Begawan is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of the Philippines to the Sultanate of Brunei. Opened in 1984 after Brunei gained independence from the United Kingdom, it is currently located in the Diplomatic Enclave of Bandar Seri Begawan, behind the offices of the country's Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Men with Brooms", "paragraph_text": "Men with Brooms is a 2002 Canadian romantic comedy film, starring and directed by Paul Gross. Centred on the sport of curling, the offbeat comedy tells the story of a reunited curling team from a small Canadian town as they work through their respective life issues and struggle to win the championship for the sake of their late coach.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Curling", "paragraph_text": "Curling Curling games taking place during the 2005 Tim Hortons Brier Highest governing body World Curling Federation Nicknames Chess On Ice, The Roaring Game First played Approximately late medieval Scotland Registered players est. 1,500,000 Characteristics Contact No Team members 4 or 3 per team (2 in mixed doubles) Mixed gender Yes; see mixed curling Type Precision and accuracy Equipment Curling brooms, stones (rocks), curling shoes Venue Curling sheet Glossary Glossary of curling Presence Olympic First event in 1924 (retroactively made official in 2006). Demonstration sport in 1932, 1988 and 1992. Officially added in 1998. Paralympic Wheelchair curling officially added in 2006.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "The Rolling Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Rolling Bridge is a type of curling movable bridge completed in 2004 as part of the Grand Union Canal office and retail development project at Paddington Basin, London. Despite the connotation of its name, it is more accurately described as \"\"curling\"\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "India at the 1948 Summer Olympics", "paragraph_text": "India competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in Wembley Park, London, England. 79 competitors, all men, took part in 39 events in 10 sports. It was the first time that India competed as an independent nation at the Olympic Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Terry Kleffman", "paragraph_text": "Terry Kleffman was the Third man on the Hibbing CC curling team (from Minnesota, United States) during the World Curling Championships known as the 1962 Scotch Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Curling at the 2003 Winter Universiade", "paragraph_text": "Curling at the 2003 Winter Universiade took place from January 17 to 23 at the Curling Arena in Tarvisio, Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Winter Olympic Games", "paragraph_text": "The Olympic Winter Games (official name) (French: Jeux olympiques d'hiver) is a major international sporting event held once every four years, for sports practised on snow and ice. The first Winter Olympics, the 1924 Winter Olympics, was held in Chamonix, France. The original five sports (broken into nine disciplines) were bobsleigh, curling, ice hockey, Nordic skiing (consisting of the disciplines military patrol, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, and ski jumping), and skating (consisting of the disciplines figure skating and speed skating). The Games were held every four years from 1924 to 1936, interrupted in 1940 and 1944 by World War II, and resumed in 1948. Until 1992 the Winter and Summer Olympic Games were held in the same years, but in accordance with a 1986 decision by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to place the Summer and Winter Games on separate four - year cycles in alternating even - numbered years, the next Winter Olympics after 1992 was in 1994.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 73940, "question": "where did the sport of curling originate from", "answer": "Scotland", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 53999, "question": "when did #1 gain its independence from england", "answer": "1314", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Allied invasion of Italy", "paragraph_text": "The main landings (Operation Avalanche) were scheduled to take place on 9 September, during which the main force would land around Salerno on the western coast. It would consist of the U.S. Fifth Army, under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark, comprising the U.S. VI Corps under Major General Ernest J. Dawley, the British X Corps under Lieutenant - General Richard McCreery, with the 82nd Airborne Division in reserve, a total of eight divisions and two brigade - sized units. Its primary objectives were to seize the port of Naples to ensure resupply, and to cut across to the east coast, trapping Axis troops further south. The naval task force of warships, merchant ships and landing craft totaling 627 vessels came under the command of Vice Admiral Henry K. Hewitt. Following the disappointing air cover from land - based aircraft during the Sicily landings, Force V of HMS Unicorn and four escort carriers augmented the cruisers USS Philadelphia, Savannah, Boise, and fourteen destroyers of Hewitt's command. Cover for the task force was provided by Force H, a group of four British battleships and two fleet carriers with destroyers in support, which was directly subordinate to the C -- in -- C Mediterranean Admiral of the Fleet Sir Andrew Cunningham.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cat in the Rain", "paragraph_text": "``Cat in the Rain ''is a short story by American author Ernest Hemingway (1899 - 1961), first published by Boni & Liveright in 1925 in the short story collection In Our Time. The story is about an American man and wife on vacation in Italy. Critical attention focuses chiefly on its autobiographical elements and on Hemingway's`` theory of omission'' (iceberg theory).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1965 South Vietnamese coup", "paragraph_text": "On February 19, 1965, some units of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam commanded by General Lâm Văn Phát and Colonel Phạm Ngọc Thảo launched a coup against General Nguyễn Khánh, the head of South Vietnam's ruling military junta. Their aim was to install General Trần Thiện Khiêm, a Khánh rival who had been sent to Washington D.C. as Ambassador to the United States to prevent him from seizing power. The attempted coup reached a stalemate, and although the trio did not take power, a group of officers led by General Nguyễn Chánh Thi and Air Marshal Nguyễn Cao Kỳ, and hostile to both the plot and to Khánh himself, were able to force a leadership change and take control themselves with the support of American officials, who had lost confidence in Khánh.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Battle of the Argeș", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Argeș was a battle of the Romanian Campaign of World War I. Taking place on 1 December 1916, the battle was fought along the line of the Argeș River in Romania between Austro-German forces of the Central Powers and Romanian forces.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Light-emitting diode", "paragraph_text": "The vast majority of devices containing LEDs are \"safe under all conditions of normal use\", and so are classified as \"Class 1 LED product\"/\"LED Klasse 1\". At present, only a few LEDs—extremely bright LEDs that also have a tightly focused viewing angle of 8° or less—could, in theory, cause temporary blindness, and so are classified as \"Class 2\". The opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) of 2010, on the health issues concerning LEDs, suggested banning public use of lamps which were in the moderate Risk Group 2, especially those with a high blue component in places frequented by children. In general, laser safety regulations—and the \"Class 1\", \"Class 2\", etc. system—also apply to LEDs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "By the Bog of Cats", "paragraph_text": "By the Bog of Cats is a play by Marina Carr. By the Bog of Cats premiered at Dublin's Abbey Theatre in October 1998. A 2004 revival of the play in London's West End starred Hollywood actress Holly Hunter in the role of protagonist Hester Swane. The play takes place in the Midlands Region of Ireland in an unspecified time in the modern era. It is loosely based on the Greek myth Medea. In this myth, the sorceress Medea marries the hero Jason and has two children with him. When Jason leaves her for another woman, Medea kills their children, Jason's new bride, and the bride's father. By the Bog of Cats contains many mystical and mythical elements, including ghosts, magic, and curses. It includes themes of motherhood, betrayal / abandonment, and ethnic prejudice.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Voice (American season 6)", "paragraph_text": "Usher Josh Kaufman ``Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours ''`` Every Breath You Take'' 9 ``Set Fire to the Rain ''Winner", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Light-emitting diode", "paragraph_text": "Electroluminescence as a phenomenon was discovered in 1907 by the British experimenter H. J. Round of Marconi Labs, using a crystal of silicon carbide and a cat's-whisker detector. Soviet inventor Oleg Losev reported creation of the first LED in 1927. His research was distributed in Soviet, German and British scientific journals, but no practical use was made of the discovery for several decades. Kurt Lehovec, Carl Accardo and Edward Jamgochian, explained these first light-emitting diodes in 1951 using an apparatus employing SiC crystals with a current source of battery or pulse generator and with a comparison to a variant, pure, crystal in 1953.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "United States Army", "paragraph_text": "Collective training at the unit level takes place at the unit's assigned station, but the most intensive training at higher echelons is conducted at the three combat training centers (CTC); the National Training Center (NTC) at Fort Irwin, California, the Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC) at Fort Polk, Louisiana, and the Joint Multinational Training Center (JMRC) at the Hohenfels Training Area in Hohenfels, Germany. ARFORGEN is the Army Force Generation process approved in 2006 to meet the need to continuously replenish forces for deployment, at unit level, and for other echelons as required by the mission. Individual-level replenishment still requires training at a unit level, which is conducted at the continental US (CONUS) replacement center at Fort Bliss, in New Mexico and Texas, before their individual deployment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Exhibition game", "paragraph_text": "International teams also play friendlies, generally in preparation for the qualifying or final stages of major tournaments. This is essential, since national squads generally have much less time together in which to prepare. The biggest difference between friendlies at the club and international levels is that international friendlies mostly take place during club league seasons, not between them. This has on occasion led to disagreement between national associations and clubs as to the availability of players, who could become injured or fatigued in a friendly.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Fort Logan National Cemetery", "paragraph_text": "Fort Logan National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery in Denver, Colorado. Fort Logan was named after Union General John A. Logan, commander of US Volunteer forces during the American Civil War. It contains and has over 122,000 interments as of 2014. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Battle of the Monongahela", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of the Monongahela (also known as the Battle of Braddock's Field and the Battle of the Wilderness) took place on 9 July 1755, at the beginning of the French and Indian War, at Braddock's Field in what is now Braddock, Pennsylvania, east of Pittsburgh. A British force under General Edward Braddock, moving to take Fort Duquesne, was defeated by a force of French and Canadian troops under Captain Daniel Liénard de Beaujeu with its American Indian allies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Vado a riprendermi il gatto", "paragraph_text": "Vado a riprendermi il gatto (\"I'm going to take back the cat\") is a 1987 Italian romantic comedy-drama film directed by Giuliano Biagetti.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "International Defence Industry Fair", "paragraph_text": "The International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) is a defence industry fair held in Turkey and organized by the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation since 1993. The Foundation organizes the IDEF once in every two years and before each fair it chooses the organizer firm and exhibition venue by calling a tender. The exhibitions generally take place in Ankara or Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Scottish Parliament", "paragraph_text": "Parliamentary time is also set aside for question periods in the debating chamber. A \"General Question Time\" takes place on a Thursday between 11:40 a.m. and 12 p.m. where members can direct questions to any member of the Scottish Government. At 2.30pm, a 40-minute long themed \"Question Time\" takes place, where members can ask questions of ministers in departments that are selected for questioning that sitting day, such as health and justice or education and transport. Between 12 p.m. and 12:30 p.m. on Thursdays, when Parliament is sitting, First Minister's Question Time takes place. This gives members an opportunity to question the First Minister directly on issues under their jurisdiction. Opposition leaders ask a general question of the First Minister and then supplementary questions. Such a practice enables a \"lead-in\" to the questioner, who then uses their supplementary question to ask the First Minister any issue. The four general questions available to opposition leaders are:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Battle of Deeg", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Deeg, fought on 13 November 1804, took place outside Deeg, now in the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan, India. A force of the British East India Company led by Major General Fraser defeated a Maratha force. Fraser was himself mortally wounded in the attack. The British captured about 87 guns of the enemy's 160. British casualties were over 640 killed or wounded. Maratha casualties were estimated at over 2,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Battle of Dujaila", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Dujaila () was fought on 8 March 1916, between British and Ottoman forces during the First World War. The Ottoman forces, led by Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz were besieging Kut, when the Anglo-Indian relief force, led by Lieutenant-General Fenton Aylmer, attempted to relieve the city. The attempt failed, and Aylmer lost 4,000 men.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Battle of Carabobo", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Carabobo, on 24 June 1821, was fought between independence fighters, led by Venezuelan General Simón Bolívar, and the Royalist forces, led by Spanish Field Marshal Miguel de la Torre. Bolívar's decisive victory at Carabobo led to the independence of Venezuela and establishment of the Republic of Gran Colombia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "ATP synthase", "paragraph_text": "In respiring bacteria under physiological conditions, ATP synthase, in general, runs in the opposite direction, creating ATP while using the proton motive force created by the electron transport chain as a source of energy. The overall process of creating energy in this fashion is termed oxidative phosphorylation. The same process takes place in the mitochondria, where ATP synthase is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the F - part projects into mitochondrial matrix. The consumption of ATP by ATP - synthase pumps proton cations into the matrix.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Force", "paragraph_text": "Aristotle provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology. In Aristotle's view, the terrestrial sphere contained four elements that come to rest at different \"natural places\" therein. Aristotle believed that motionless objects on Earth, those composed mostly of the elements earth and water, to be in their natural place on the ground and that they will stay that way if left alone. He distinguished between the innate tendency of objects to find their \"natural place\" (e.g., for heavy bodies to fall), which led to \"natural motion\", and unnatural or forced motion, which required continued application of a force. This theory, based on the everyday experience of how objects move, such as the constant application of a force needed to keep a cart moving, had conceptual trouble accounting for the behavior of projectiles, such as the flight of arrows. The place where the archer moves the projectile was at the start of the flight, and while the projectile sailed through the air, no discernible efficient cause acts on it. Aristotle was aware of this problem and proposed that the air displaced through the projectile's path carries the projectile to its target. This explanation demands a continuum like air for change of place in general.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 67909, "question": "where does cat in the rain take place", "answer": "Italy", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 63911, "question": "who was the us general who led forces in #1", "answer": "Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 } ]

[ "Mark W. Clark" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "List of Winnipeg Jets seasons", "paragraph_text": "The franchise was founded in 1999, and played eleven seasons in Atlanta, Georgia as the Atlanta Thrashers before moving to Winnipeg in 2011. The team has played six seasons in Winnipeg. They qualified for the playoffs once, in 2015, and lost in the first round to the Anaheim Ducks four games to none.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "From the semi-finals onwards, the fate of the contestants is decided by public vote. During the contestant's performance as well as the recap at the end, a toll-free telephone number for each contestant is displayed on the screen. For a two-hour period after the episode ends (up to four hours for the finale) in each US time zone, viewers may call or send a text message to their preferred contestant's telephone number, and each call or text message is registered as a vote for that contestant. Viewers are allowed to vote as many times as they can within the two-hour voting window. However, the show reserves the right to discard votes by power dialers. One or more of the least popular contestants may be eliminated in successive weeks until a winner emerges. Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million. Voting via text messaging was made available in the second season when AT&T Wireless joined as a sponsor of the show, and 7.5 million text messages were sent to American Idol that season. The number of text messages rapidly increased, reaching 178 million texts by season eight. Online voting was offered for the first time in season ten. The votes are counted and verified by Telescope Inc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "In the first three seasons, the semi-finalists were split into different groups to perform individually in their respective night. In season one, there were three groups of ten, with the top three contestants from each group making the finals. In seasons two and three, there were four groups of eight, and the top two of each selected. These seasons also featured a wildcard round, where contestants who failed to qualify were given another chance. In season one, only one wildcard contestant was chosen by the judges, giving a total of ten finalists. In seasons two and three, each of the three judges championed one contestant with the public advancing a fourth into the finals, making 12 finalists in all.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "David Archuleta's performance of John Lennon's \"Imagine\" was considered by many as one of the best of the season. Jennifer Lopez, who was brought in as a judge in season ten, called it a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget. Jason Castro's semi-final performance of \"Hallelujah\" also received considerable attention, and it propelled Jeff Buckley's version of the song to the top of the Billboard digital song chart. This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "De mallemolen", "paragraph_text": "\"De mallemolen\" (\"The Merry-go-round\") was the Dutch entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1977, performed in Dutch by Heddy Lester. The song was composed by Lester's brother Frank Affolter, with lyrics by Wim Hogenkamp.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The finals of the World Cup are contested by the ten full members of the ICC (all of which are Test - playing teams) and a number of teams made up from associate and affiliate members of the ICC, selected via the World Cricket League and a later qualifying tournament. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here! (Australian TV series)", "paragraph_text": "On 16 July 2015 the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on 31 January 2016. The second season was accompanied by the companion series I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! Now!. It aired on Eleven following each episode of the main series, hosted by comedian and former season one contestant Joel Creasey and The Bachelor Australia 3 contestant Heather Maltman. On 1 August 2016 the series was renewed for a third season with Morris and Brown returning as hosts, which premiered on 29 January 2017. A fourth season commenced on 28 January 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Once in Hollywood, the contestants perform individually or in groups in a series of rounds. Until season ten, there were usually three rounds of eliminations in Hollywood. In the first round the contestants emerged in groups but performed individually. For the next round, the contestants put themselves in small groups and perform a song together. In the final round, the contestants perform solo with a song of their choice a cappella or accompanied by a band‍—‌depending on the season. In seasons two and three, contestants were also asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round. In season seven, the group round was eliminated and contestants may, after a first solo performance and on judges approval, skip a second solo round and move directly to the final Hollywood round. In season twelve, the executive producers split up the females and males and chose the members to form the groups in the group round.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The most popular contestants are usually not revealed in the results show. Instead, typically the three contestants (two in later rounds) who received the lowest number of votes are called to the center of the stage. One of these three is usually sent to safety; however the two remaining are not necessarily the bottom two. The contestant with the fewest votes is then revealed and eliminated from the competition. A montage of the eliminated contestant's time on the show is played and they give their final performance. However, in season six, during the series' first ever Idol Gives Back episode, no contestant was eliminated, but on the following week, two were sent home. Moreover, starting in season eight, the judges may overturn viewers' decision with a \"Judges' Save\" if they unanimously agree to. \"The save\" can only be used once, and only up through the top five. In the eighth, ninth, tenth, and fourteenth seasons, a double elimination then took place in the week following the activation of the save, but in the eleventh and thirteenth seasons, a regular single elimination took place. The save was not activated in the twelfth season and consequently, a non-elimination took place in the week after its expiration with the votes then carrying over into the following week.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Net als toen", "paragraph_text": "\"Net als toen\" (\"Just like then\") was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 performed in Dutch by Corry Brokken representing the Netherlands. It received 31 points, placing it first in a field of ten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Season ten is the first to include online auditions where contestants could submit a 40-second video audition via Myspace. Karen Rodriguez was one such auditioner and reached the final rounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The eligible age-range for contestants is currently fifteen to twenty-eight years old. The initial age limit was sixteen to twenty-four in the first three seasons, but the upper limit was raised to twenty-eight in season four, and the lower limit was reduced to fifteen in season ten. The contestants must be legal U.S. residents, cannot have advanced to particular stages of the competition in previous seasons (varies depending on the season, currently by the semi-final stage until season thirteen), and must not hold any current recording or talent representation contract by the semi-final stage (in previous years by the audition stage).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sikorsky VS-44", "paragraph_text": "The Sikorsky VS-44 was a large four-engined flying boat built in the United States in the early 1940s by Sikorsky Aircraft. The VS-44 was designed primarily for the transatlantic passenger market, with a capacity of 40+ passengers. Three units were produced: \"Excalibur\", \"Excambian\", and \"Exeter\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Food Network Star (season 13)", "paragraph_text": "Food Network Star (season 13) Country of origin United States No. of episodes 11 Release Original network Food Network Original release June 4, 2017 (2017 - 06 - 04) Additional information No. of contestants 13 Winner Jason Smith Season chronology ← Previous Season 12 Next → Season 14", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Season five began on January 17, 2006. It remains the highest-rated season in the show's run so far. Two of the more prominent contestants during the Hollywood round were the Brittenum twins who were later disqualified for identity theft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Melodifestivalen 1986", "paragraph_text": "Melodifestivalen 1986 was the selection for the 26th song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 25th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 90 songs were submitted to SVT for the competition. The final was broadcast on TV1 and was not broadcast on radio. No orchestra was used, and instead the ten songs were broadcast as music videos. The five songs that qualified for the second round were performed live to backing track.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The top ten (eleven in season ten) toured at the end of every season. In the season twelve tour a semi-finalist who won a sing-off was also added to the tour. Kellogg's Pop-Tarts was the sponsor for the first seven seasons, and Guitar Hero was added for the season seven tour. M&M's Pretzel Chocolate Candies was a sponsor of the season nine tour. The season five tour was the most successful tour with gross of over $35 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The American Idol Songwriter contest was also held this season. From ten of the most popular submissions, each of the final two contestants chose a song to perform, although neither of their selections was used as the \"coronation song\". The winning song, \"The Time of My Life\", was recorded by David Cook and released on May 22, 2008.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 3026, "question": "In what city did contestants perform an additional round in seasons ten and eleven?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 77638, "question": "when was the excalibur built in #1", "answer": "1990", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Kristians Tonny", "paragraph_text": "During the late 1930s Surrealist exhibitions were held in a number of major European cities and together with Georges Hugnet, Kristians Tonny was involved in organizing the first international Surrealist exhibition in the Netherlands, held in the art gallery owned by his parents, \"Galerie Robert\" in Amsterdam. Although a major event, the exhibition was not a complete success. The reason for this was that, with the exception of Kristians Tonny, no Dutch Surrealists (such as J.H. Moesman en Willem Wagenaar) were invited. The reason for this being that Georges Hugnet didn’t believe that, with the exception of Kristians Tonny, there were any Dutch Surrealists. Among those that did participate were André Breton, Max Ernst, Paul Eluard, E.L.T. Mésens and others. As a consequence, in the Netherlands a major interest in Surrealism didn’t happen until the 1960s, something that would, after his return to the Netherlands in 1949, prove to be a major inconvenience to Kristians Tonny in finding an audience for his work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Minon", "paragraph_text": "Minon has held more than 80 painting exhibitions so far, all across India, and he has over 3,500 paintings to his credit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Nyíregyháza", "paragraph_text": "Nyíregyháza (, ; ) is a city in northeastern Hungary and the county capital of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg. With a population of 118,000, it is the seventh-largest city in Hungary and is one of the leading cities of Northern Hungary and of the northern part of the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld). Its development has been ongoing since the 18th century, making it the economic and cultural center of the region. Its zoo, exhibiting more than 500 species, including rarities, is recognized throughout Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges", "paragraph_text": "The Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges (Exhibition of Flemish Primitives at Bruges) was an art exhibition of paintings by the so-called Flemish Primitives (nowadays usually called Early Netherlandish painters) held in the Provinciaal Hof in Bruges between 15 June and 5 October 1902.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "French Canadians", "paragraph_text": "French Canadians (also referred to as Franco - Canadians or Canadiens; French: Canadien (ne) s français (es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French - speaking population in Canada, accounting for about 22 per cent of the country's total population. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communities exist in all other Canadian provinces and territories as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Daisy Bates at Ooldea", "paragraph_text": "\"Daisy Bates at Ooldea\" was acquired by the National Gallery of Australia in 1987. It was included in the 2000 international exhibition \"\", held at the National Portrait Gallery in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Hyde Park, London", "paragraph_text": "The park was established by Henry VIII in 1536 when he took the land from Westminster Abbey and used it as a hunting ground. It opened to the public in 1637 and quickly became popular, particularly for May Day parades. Major improvements occurred in the early 18th century under the direction of Queen Caroline. Several duels took place in Hyde Park during this time, often involving members of the nobility. The Great Exhibition of 1851 was held in the park, for which The Crystal Palace, designed by Joseph Paxton, was erected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Yoruba people", "paragraph_text": "The Yoruba people (Yoruba: Ìran Yorùbá, lit. 'Yoruba lineage'; also known as Àwon omo Yorùbá, lit. 'Children of Yoruba', or simply as the Yoruba) are an ethnic group of southwestern and north - central Nigeria, as well as southern and central Benin. Together, these regions are known as Yorubaland. The Yoruba constitute over 40 million people in total. The majority of this population is from Nigeria, and the Yoruba make up 21% of the country's population, according to the CIA World Factbook, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa. The majority of the Yoruba speak the Yoruba language, which is tonal, and is the Niger - Congo language with the largest number of native speakers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Great Exhibition", "paragraph_text": "The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations was organized by Prince Albert, Henry Cole, Francis Henry, George Wallis, Charles Dilke and other members of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce as a celebration of modern industrial technology and design. It was arguably a response to the highly successful French Industrial Exposition of 1844: indeed, its prime motive was for Britain to make ``clear to the world its role as industrial leader ''. Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's consort, was an enthusiastic promoter of the self - financing exhibition; the government was persuaded to form the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 to establish the viability of hosting such an exhibition. Queen Victoria and her family visited three times. Although the Great Exhibition was a platform on which countries from around the world could display their achievements, Britain sought to prove its own superiority. The British exhibits at the Great Exhibition`` held the lead in almost every field where strength, durability, utility and quality were concerned, whether in iron and steel, machinery or textiles.'' Britain also sought to provide the world with the hope of a better future. Europe had just struggled through ``two difficult decades of political and social upheaval, ''and now Britain hoped to show that technology, particularly its own, was the key to a better future.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tokyo Game Show", "paragraph_text": "The first Tokyo Game Show was held in 1996. From 1996 to 2002, the show was held twice a year: once in the Spring and once in Autumn (in the Tokyo Big Sight). Since 2002, the show has been held once a year. It attracts more visitors every year. 2011’s show hosted over 200,000 attendees and the 2012 show bringing in 223,753. The busiest TGS was in 2016 with 271,224 people in attendance and 614 companies had exhibits. The event has been held annually since 1996 and was never canceled. The 20th anniversary of TGS was celebrated in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Raymond Duchamp-Villon", "paragraph_text": "In 1913 he took part in exhibitions at the Galerie André Groult in Paris, the Galerie S. V. U. Mánes in Prague, and in 1914 at Der Sturm Gallery in Berlin. During World War I Raymond Duchamp-Villon served in the French army in a medical capacity, but still worked on his major cubist sculpture, \"The Large Horse\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Statehood movement in Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "The statehood movement in Puerto Rico aims to make Puerto Rico a state of the United States. Five referenda have been held on the topic, most recently in 2017. The population of Puerto Rico as of 2015 was over 3 million people and larger than 21 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Independence Museum of Azerbaijan", "paragraph_text": "There are masterpieces of art and architecture, maps, pictures, books, currencies and other exhibits in the Independence Museum of Azerbaijan. A lot of expositions and activities dedicated to historical events are held in the exposition of the museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Mile 91, Sierra Leone", "paragraph_text": "Mile 91 is a major trading town in Tonkolili District in Northern Province of Sierra Leone. As its name suggest, Mile 91 is exactly 91 miles from Freetown and is located on the main highway linking Freetown, to Makeni and Bo. The population of the town is ethnically diverse, although the Temne people make up the majority of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "International Defence Industry Fair", "paragraph_text": "The International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) is a defence industry fair held in Turkey and organized by the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation since 1993. The Foundation organizes the IDEF once in every two years and before each fair it chooses the organizer firm and exhibition venue by calling a tender. The exhibitions generally take place in Ankara or Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828. A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "During the 20th century Valencia remained the third most populous city of Spain as its population tripled, rising from 213,550 inhabitants in 1900 to 739,014 in 2000. Valencia was also third in industrial and economic development; notable milestones include urban expansion of the city in the latter 1800s, the creation of the Banco de Valencia in 1900, construction of the Central and Columbus markets, and the construction of the Gare du Nord railway station, completed in 1921. The new century was marked in Valencia with a major event, the Valencian regional exhibition of 1909 (La Exposición Regional Valenciana de 1909), which emulated the national and universal expositions held in other cities. This production was promoted by the Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia (Mercantile Athenaeum of Valencia), especially by its chairman, Tomás Trénor y Palavicino, and had the support of the Government and the Crown; it was officially inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII himself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "World's fair", "paragraph_text": "The best - known 'first World Expo' was held in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, United Kingdom, in 1851, under the title ``Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations ''. The Great Exhibition, as it is often called, was an idea of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's husband, and is usually considered to be the first international exhibition of manufactured products. It influenced the development of several aspects of society, including art - and - design education, international trade and relations, and tourism. These events have resulted in a remarkable form of Prince Albert's life history, one that continues to be reflected in London architecture in a number of ways, including in the Albert Memorial later erected to the Prince. This expo was the most obvious precedent for the many international exhibitions, later called world's fairs, that have continued to be held to the present time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Exhibition game", "paragraph_text": "Various auto racing organizations hold exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series holds two exhibition events annually - the Sprint Unlimited, held at Daytona International Speedway at the start of the season, and the NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race, held at Charlotte Motor Speedway midway through the season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over USD $1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan and Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sammy Baloji", "paragraph_text": "Sammy Baloji is a photographer from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He works in Lubumbashi and Brussels, and held exhibitions in Amsterdam, Paris, Brussels, Bilbao, Cape Town and Bamako.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159224, "question": "where was the exhibit held?", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 162531, "question": "Who makes up the majority of #1 's population?", "answer": "ethnic Russians", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Samurai", "paragraph_text": "In 1274, the Mongol-founded Yuan dynasty in China sent a force of some 40,000 men and 900 ships to invade Japan in northern Kyūshū. Japan mustered a mere 10,000 samurai to meet this threat. The invading army was harassed by major thunderstorms throughout the invasion, which aided the defenders by inflicting heavy casualties. The Yuan army was eventually recalled and the invasion was called off. The Mongol invaders used small bombs, which was likely the first appearance of bombs and gunpowder in Japan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Allied invasion of Italy", "paragraph_text": "The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allied amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place on 3 September 1943 during the early stages of the Italian Campaign of World War II. The operation was undertaken by General Sir Harold Alexander's 15th Army Group (comprising General Mark W. Clark's Fifth Army and General Bernard Montgomery's British Eighth Army) and followed the successful invasion of Sicily. The main invasion force landed around Salerno on 9 September on the western coast in Operation Avalanche, while two supporting operations took place in Calabria (Operation Baytown) and Taranto (Operation Slapstick).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "In 1980, Rhodesia, Britain's last African colony, became the independent nation of Zimbabwe. The New Hebrides achieved independence (as Vanuatu) in 1980, with Belize following suit in 1981. The passage of the British Nationality Act 1981, which reclassified the remaining Crown colonies as \"British Dependent Territories\" (renamed British Overseas Territories in 2002) meant that, aside from a scattering of islands and outposts the process of decolonisation that had begun after the Second World War was largely complete. In 1982, Britain's resolve in defending its remaining overseas territories was tested when Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands, acting on a long-standing claim that dated back to the Spanish Empire. Britain's ultimately successful military response to retake the islands during the ensuing Falklands War was viewed by many to have contributed to reversing the downward trend in Britain's status as a world power. The same year, the Canadian government severed its last legal link with Britain by patriating the Canadian constitution from Britain. The 1982 Canada Act passed by the British parliament ended the need for British involvement in changes to the Canadian constitution. Similarly, the Constitution Act 1986 reformed the constitution of New Zealand to sever its constitutional link with Britain, and the Australia Act 1986 severed the constitutional link between Britain and the Australian states. In 1984, Brunei, Britain's last remaining Asian protectorate, gained its independence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Great Britain", "paragraph_text": "After the Anglo - Saxon period, Britain was used as a historical term only. Geoffrey of Monmouth in his pseudohistorical Historia Regum Britanniae (c. 1136) refers to the island as Britannia major (``Greater Britain ''), to distinguish it from Britannia minor (`` Lesser Britain''), the continental region which approximates to modern Brittany, which had been settled in the fifth and sixth centuries by migrants from Britain. The term Great Britain was first used officially in 1474, in the instrument drawing up the proposal for a marriage between Cecily the daughter of Edward IV of England, and James the son of James III of Scotland, which described it as ``this Nobill Isle, callit Gret Britanee ''. It was used again in 1604, when King James VI and I styled himself`` King of Great Brittaine, France and Ireland''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "During the 19th century, Britain and the Russian Empire vied to fill the power vacuums that had been left by the declining Ottoman Empire, Qajar dynasty and Qing Dynasty. This rivalry in Eurasia came to be known as the \"Great Game\". As far as Britain was concerned, defeats inflicted by Russia on Persia and Turkey demonstrated its imperial ambitions and capabilities and stoked fears in Britain of an overland invasion of India. In 1839, Britain moved to pre-empt this by invading Afghanistan, but the First Anglo-Afghan War was a disaster for Britain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sir or Madam", "paragraph_text": "Sir or Madam (German: Ossi hat die Hosen an) is a 1928 British-German silent comedy film directed by Carl Boese and starring Margot Armand, Percy Marmont and Ossi Oswalda. It was based on the 1923 novel \"Sir or Madame\" by Berta Ruck and shot at Elstree Studios near London. The film was a co-production between Germany and Britain, with separate versions released in the countries. In Britain it was not released until February 1930.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Bad Channels", "paragraph_text": "Bad Channels is a 1992 American science fiction spoof, released by Full Moon Features. It is about two aliens (Cosmo & Lump) who invade a radio station with the intention of capturing female humans, by using radio broadcasts. The hero is a DJ forced to combat the aliens alone when listeners think he is joking about the invasion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Michael Ray (singer)", "paragraph_text": "Title Album details Peak chart positions Sales US Country US AUS Michael Ray Release date: 2010 Label: Self - released Formats: CD, digital download -- -- -- Michael Ray Release date: August 7, 2015 Label: Atlantic Nashville Formats: CD, digital download 21 60 US: 51,000 ``-- ''denotes releases that did not chart", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Streamline (Lee Greenwood album)", "paragraph_text": "Streamline' is the fourth studio album by American country music artist Lee Greenwood, released in 1985. It was number one on US Country charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Northern Seven Years' War", "paragraph_text": "1762 brought two new countries into the war. Britain declared war against Spain on 4 January 1762; Spain reacted by issuing their own declaration of war against Britain on 18 January. Portugal followed by joining the war on Britain's side. Spain, aided by the French, launched an invasion of Portugal and succeeded in capturing Almeida. The arrival of British reinforcements stalled a further Spanish advance, and the Battle of Valencia de Alcántara saw British-Portuguese forces overrun a major Spanish supply base. The invaders were stopped on the heights in front of Abrantes (called the pass to Lisbon) where the Anglo-Portuguese were entrenched. Eventually the Anglo-Portuguese army, aided by guerrillas and practicing a scorched earth strategy, chased the greatly reduced Franco-Spanish army back to Spain, recovering almost all the lost towns, among them the Spanish headquarters in Castelo Branco full of wounded and sick that had been left behind.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Britain's fears of war with Germany were realised in 1914 with the outbreak of the First World War. Britain quickly invaded and occupied most of Germany's overseas colonies in Africa. In the Pacific, Australia and New Zealand occupied German New Guinea and Samoa respectively. Plans for a post-war division of the Ottoman Empire, which had joined the war on Germany's side, were secretly drawn up by Britain and France under the 1916 Sykes–Picot Agreement. This agreement was not divulged to the Sharif of Mecca, who the British had been encouraging to launch an Arab revolt against their Ottoman rulers, giving the impression that Britain was supporting the creation of an independent Arab state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "In 1904, a British expedition to Tibet, spurred in part by a fear that Russia was extending its power into Tibet as part of The Great Game, invaded the country, hoping that negotiations with the 13th Dalai Lama would be more effective than with Chinese representatives. When the British-led invasion reached Tibet on December 12, 1903, an armed confrontation with the ethnic Tibetans resulted in the Massacre of Chumik Shenko, which resulted in 600 fatalities amongst the Tibetan forces, compared to only 12 on the British side. Afterwards, in 1904 Francis Younghusband imposed a treaty known as the Treaty of Lhasa, which was subsequently repudiated and was succeeded by a 1906 treaty signed between Britain and China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Stage Invader", "paragraph_text": "Stage Invader is the first studio album by the British dance music group Linus Loves, released on 22 May 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "After the German occupation of France in 1940, Britain and the empire stood alone against Germany, until the entry of the Soviet Union to the war in 1941. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill successfully lobbied President Franklin D. Roosevelt for military aid from the United States, but Roosevelt was not yet ready to ask Congress to commit the country to war. In August 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met and signed the Atlantic Charter, which included the statement that \"the rights of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they live\" should be respected. This wording was ambiguous as to whether it referred to European countries invaded by Germany, or the peoples colonised by European nations, and would later be interpreted differently by the British, Americans, and nationalist movements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Galaxian 2", "paragraph_text": "Galaxian 2 (also written as Galaxian II ) is a handheld electronic game that was released in 1981 in the US by Entex Industries. It was also released the same year in Japan under the name \"Astro Galaxy\" and in Europe under the name \"Astro Invader\". The game was also released under the Futuretronics brand in Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Osama—Yo' Mama: The Album", "paragraph_text": "Osama—Yo' Mama: The Album is an album released by country music artist Ray Stevens. It was released by Curb Records on February 12, 2002. One single was released from it, which was \"Osama-Yo' Mama\", which peaked at #48 on the Hot Country Songs chart in 2001 and accounted for Stevens' first chart single since \"Power Tools\" in 1992. The album reached #29 on the US Top Country Albums chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Stand by Me", "paragraph_text": "Mickey Gilley released his version of the song in 1980, and it was included in the movie Urban Cowboy. It was his eighth # 1 on the US country charts and also reached # 22 on the US Hot 100.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Gold standard", "paragraph_text": "Many other countries followed Britain in returning to the gold standard, this was followed by a period of relative stability but also deflation. This state of affairs lasted until the Great Depression (1929 -- 1939) forced countries off the gold standard. In September 19, 1931, speculative attacks on the pound forced Britain to abandon the gold standard. Loans from American and French Central Banks of £50,000,000 were insufficient and exhausted in a matter of weeks, due to large gold outflows across the Atlantic. The British benefited from this departure. They could now use monetary policy to stimulate the economy. Australia and New Zealand had already left the standard and Canada quickly followed suit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Baxin", "paragraph_text": "The Baxin is a typical sweet originating from Liguria, Italy. It consists of anise seeds, sugar, flour and lemon. It has been made for some time — by the eighteenth century it was produced and sold by Benedictine monks in Liguria. The origin of Baxin is unknown.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Billie Jo", "paragraph_text": "Billie Jo is the eighth studio album by American country singer Billie Jo Spears, released in 1975. It reached #45 on the US country charts.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106102, "question": "What country released Baxin?", "answer": "Italy", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 85837, "question": "when did the us and britain invade #1", "answer": "3 September 1943", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Karoo", "paragraph_text": "The Karoo is sharply divided into the Great Karoo and the Little Karoo by the Swartberg Mountain Range, which runs east - west, parallel to the southern coastline, but is separated from the sea by another east - west range called the Outeniqua -- Langeberg Mountains. The Great Karoo lies to the north of the Swartberg range; the Little Karoo is to the south of it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Wätterlatte", "paragraph_text": "The Wätterlatte is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located east of Reichenbach im Kandertal in the Bernese Oberland. It lies on the range west of the Schwalmere, that separates the Suldtal from the Kiental.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "East of the divide, several roughly parallel ranges cover the southern part of the state, including the Gravelly Range, the Madison Range, Gallatin Range, Absaroka Mountains and the Beartooth Mountains. The Beartooth Plateau is the largest continuous land mass over 10,000 feet (3,000 m) high in the continental United States. It contains the highest point in the state, Granite Peak, 12,799 feet (3,901 m) high. North of these ranges are the Big Belt Mountains, Bridger Mountains, Tobacco Roots, and several island ranges, including the Crazy Mountains and Little Belt Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Garfield Peak (Colorado)", "paragraph_text": "Garfield Peak is a high mountain summit of the Collegiate Peaks in the Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The thirteener is located south-southwest (bearing 197°) of Independence Pass, Colorado, United States, on the Continental Divide separating San Isabel National Forest and Chaffee County from White River National Forest and Pitkin County. Garfield Peak was named in honor of James A. Garfield, 20th President of the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Long Mountain (Hampshire County, Massachusetts)", "paragraph_text": "Long Mountain, feet above sea level, is a traprock mountain of the Holyoke Range, part of the greater Metacomet Ridge which stretches from Long Island Sound to nearly the Vermont border. The mountain rises steeply from the surrounding landscape below and consists of five distinct peaks, from east to west: , , , , the high point, and the eastern summit, . It is located within the towns of Amherst and Granby, Massachusetts. The Metacomet-Monadnock Trail and the Robert Frost Trail traverse the mountain. The Holyoke Range continues to the west as Mount Norwottuck and to the east as Harris Mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Golden Gate Range", "paragraph_text": "The Golden Gate Range is a mountain range in northwest Lincoln, and eastern Nye counties Nevada. The range trends north-northeast between the Garden Valley to the west and the Coal Valley to the east. The southern end of the range in Lincoln County contains the highest peaks whereas the northern portion exists as a broken string of lower hills separated by water gaps. The northeast end of the range is bounded by the White River Valley to the east. The Worthington Mountains, the Quinn Canyon Range and the Grant Range lie to the west and northwest with the Seaman Range to the east and Timpahute Range and Mount Irish Range to the south.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "White Mountains (California)", "paragraph_text": "The White Mountains of California and Nevada are a triangular fault-block mountain range facing the Sierra Nevada across the upper Owens Valley. They extend for approximately as a greatly elevated plateau about wide on the south, narrowing to a point at the north, with elevations generally increasing south to north. The range's broad southern end is near the community of Big Pine, where Westgard Pass and Deep Springs Valley separate it from the Inyo Mountains. The narrow northern end is at Montgomery Pass, where U.S. Route 6 crosses. The Fish Lake Valley lies east of the range; the southeast part of the mountains are separated from the Silver Peak Range by block faulting across the Furnace Creek Fault Zone, forming a feeder valley to Fish Lake Valley. The range lies within the eastern section of the Inyo National Forest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Weston, Runcorn", "paragraph_text": "Weston or Weston Village is a settlement in the Halton unitary authority of Cheshire, England. Formerly a separate village, it is now part of the town of Runcorn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Geological history of the Chiricahua Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The Geologic history of the Chiricahua Mountains concerns the Chiricahua Mountains, an inactive volcanic range located in Coronado National Forest of southeastern Arizona, in the United States. They are part of an \"archipelago\" of mountain ranges known as the sky islands that connect the Sierra Madre Occidental in Mexico with the Rocky Mountains. The Chiricahua Mountains are home to a number of unusual geologic features associated with the Turkey Creek Caldera, some of which are protected by Chiricahua National Monument. The landscape has been dominantly shaped by faulting due to Basin and Range extension during the Miocene, volcanic activity, and erosion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Fulhorn", "paragraph_text": "The Fulhorn is a mountain of the Plessur Alps, overlooking Churwalden in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range separating the Domleschg from Lenzerheide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Steinlauihorn", "paragraph_text": "The Steinlauihorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Handegg in the Bernese Oberland. It lies south of the Ritzlihorn, on the range separating the valley of the Gauli Glacier from the main Aar valley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sulphur Spring Range", "paragraph_text": "The Sulphur Spring Range is a mountain range located in east-central Nevada in the United States. The mountains are found mostly in Eureka County northeast of the Roberts Mountains and west of the Diamond Valley and Diamond Mountains. The range lies in a north-south direction, and reaches an elevation of at Bald Mountain. The range crosses into Elko County at the northeastern end.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Wasenhorn (Bernese Alps)", "paragraph_text": "The Wasenhorn is a mountain of the Bernese Alps, located north of Blitzingen in the canton of Valais. It lies on the range south of the Oberaarrothorn, that separates the valley of the Fiescher Glacier from the main Rhone valley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Bruneau Range", "paragraph_text": "The Bruneau Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mount Shaw", "paragraph_text": "Although of only moderate elevation, the isolation of the mountain range gives Shaw of prominence above the low ground separating it from the White Mountains, making it one of twelve peaks in New Hampshire with a prominence over .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Tatlatui Range", "paragraph_text": "The Tatlatui Range is a large and very alpine mountain range on the east flank of the upper Skeena River in northern British Columbia, Canada. It has an area of 2307 km and is a subrange of the Omineca Mountains which in turn form part of the Interior Mountains. The range features several lakes, the largest of which, Thutade Lake, is at the head of the Finlay River, and is considered the ultimate source of the Mackenzie River. Tatlatui Lake, the next largest lake in the range, to the northwest of Thutade Lake, is at the head of the Firesteel River, a tributary of the Finlay. Various summits of the range, which as described separates the Pacific and Arctic drainages, form part of the Continental Divide. Most of the range and its lakes are in Tatlatui Provincial Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Minnesota Glacier", "paragraph_text": "Minnesota Glacier () is a broad glacier, about long and wide, flowing east through the Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica, separating the Sentinel Range and the Heritage Range. It is nourished by ice from the plateau west of the mountains and by Nimitz Glacier and Splettstoesser Glacier, and merges into the larger Rutford Ice Stream at the eastern margin of the Ellsworth Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sierra San Luis", "paragraph_text": "The Sierra San Luis range is a mountain range in northwest Chihuahua, northeast Sonora, Mexico at the northern region of the Sierra Madre Occidental cordillera. The region contains sky island mountain ranges, called the Madrean Sky Islands, some separated from the Sierra Madre Occidental proper, and occurring in the northeastern Sonoran Desert, and extreme west-northwestern Chihuahuan Desert. Many of the ranges occur in southeast Arizona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sierra de Villuercas", "paragraph_text": "Sierra de Villuercas or Sierra de las Villuercas, also known as Sierra de Guadalupe after nearby Guadalupe town, is a mountain range in the greater Montes de Toledo range, Spain. It is located in province of Cáceres, autonomous community of Extremadura.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 28239, "question": "Who has a greater history of unitary states?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 80319, "question": "the mountain range that separates #1 from asia is", "answer": "the Ural Mountains", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act", "paragraph_text": "The Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act (16 U.S.C. 668 - 668d) is a United States federal statute that protects two species of eagle. The bald eagle was chosen as a national emblem of the United States by the Continental Congress of 1782 and was given legal protection by the Bald Eagle Protection Act of 1940. This act was expanded to include the golden eagle in 1962. Since the original Act, the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act has been amended several times. It currently prohibits anyone, without a permit issued by the Secretary of the Interior, from ``taking ''bald eagles. Taking is described to include their parts, nests, or eggs, molesting or disturbing the birds. The Act provides criminal penalties for persons who`` take, possess, sell, purchase, barter, offer to sell, purchase or barter, transport, export or import, at any time or any manner, any bald eagle... (or any golden eagle), alive or dead, or any part, nest, or egg thereof.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "America's Got Talent (season 11)", "paragraph_text": "Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14, 2016, making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1. Mentalist duo, The Clairvoyants, placed second, marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions. Magician Jon Dorenbos, an NFL long snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles, placed third.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Alcohol laws of New York", "paragraph_text": "In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise in 1982, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Alcohol laws of Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "The minimum drinking age in Pennsylvania is 21 years. Minors are prohibited from purchasing, possessing, or consuming alcohol, even if it is furnished by the minor's immediate family. Persons over the age of 18 are permitted to serve alcohol, so an exception is made in the possession portion of the law in this respect. Many states have exceptions for consuming alcohol made for religious or medicinal purposes, but Pennsylvania does not have exceptions for either.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 11)", "paragraph_text": "The eleventh series was won by musician Tokio Myers, with magician Issy Simpson finishing in second place and comedian Daliso Chaponda in third place. During its broadcast, the series averaged around 9.1 million viewers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Incredible Burt Wonderstone", "paragraph_text": "The Incredible Burt Wonderstone is a 2013 American comedy film directed by Don Scardino and written by John Francis Daley and Jonathan Goldstein, based on a story by Chad Kultgen and Tyler Mitchell, and Daley and Goldstein. The film follows Las Vegas magician Burt Wonderstone (Steve Carell) as he attempts to reunite with his former partner Anton Marvelton (Steve Buscemi) to take on dangerous street magician Steve Gray (Jim Carrey). It also features Alan Arkin, Olivia Wilde, and James Gandolfini.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "America's Got Talent (season 11)", "paragraph_text": "Grace VanderWaal was announced as the winner on September 14, 2016, making her the second female act and the second child act to win the show since season 1. Mentalist duo, The Clairvoyants, placed second, marking the first time that females placed in the top two positions. Magician Jon Dorenbos, the NFL Long Snapper for the Philadelphia Eagles, placed third.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Seventh-inning stretch", "paragraph_text": "In baseball in the United States and Canada, the seventh - inning stretch is a tradition that takes place between the halves of the seventh inning of a game -- in the middle of the seventh inning. Fans generally stand up and stretch out their arms and legs and sometimes walk around. It is a popular time to get a late - game snack or an alcoholic beverage as well, as vendors end alcohol sales after the last out of the seventh inning. The stretch also serves as a short break for the players. Most ballparks in professional baseball mark this point of the game by playing the crowd sing - along song ``Take Me Out to the Ball Game ''. Since the September 11 attacks, many American ballparks complement or replace the song with the playing of`` God Bless America.'' If a game goes into a fifth extra inning, a similar ``fourteenth - inning stretch ''is celebrated (as well as a possible`` twenty - first inning stretch'' or ``twenty - eighth inning stretch ''). In softball games, amateur games scheduled for only seven innings, or in minor - league doubleheaders, a`` fifth - inning stretch'' may be substituted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Alcohol laws of New York", "paragraph_text": "In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise on December 4th, 1982, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Network Aviation", "paragraph_text": "In February 2011, Network Aviation was purchased by Qantas. Network retains its current management, employees and operating structure, with the business to be aligned with Qantas' operations, standards and processes. With the purchase, Qantas stated it was looking at significantly growing Network's fleet and operations. On taking over Network, Qantas announced that it was purchasing ten Fokker 100 aircraft for the company.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Alcohol laws of Kansas", "paragraph_text": "In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum drinking age of 21, the Kansas Legislature raised the drinking age from 18 to 21, effective January 1, 1985. Previously, the drinking age for CMB was 18. Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing or possessing any type of alcohol, from consuming alcohol for anything other than religious or prescribed medicinal purposes, or from having a blood alcohol level of more than. 02%. There is exception for parents wishing to provide their own child CMB under K.S.A. 41 - 727 (e).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Wood between the Worlds", "paragraph_text": "The Wood between the Worlds is a pond-filled forest in \"The Magician's Nephew\" (1955), the sixth book in \"The Chronicles of Narnia\" by C. S. Lewis. Each pond is a portal that provides instant transportation to a different world, such as Earth, Narnia or Charn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 9)", "paragraph_text": "Jules O'Dwyer and her dog Matisse won the competition. Magician Jamie Raven came second with Welsh choir Côr Glanaethwy in third, and dance act Old Men Grooving finishing fourth place. The result marked the second time that a dog act had won the whole competition (following Ashleigh & Pudsey in 2012).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Magician's Nephew", "paragraph_text": "The frame story is set in England and features two children ensnared in experimental travel via ``the wood between the worlds ''. Thus, the novel shows Narnia and our middle - age world to be only two of many in a multiverse, which changes as some worlds begin and others end. It also explains the origin of foreign elements in Narnia, not only the lamp - post but also the White Witch and a human king and queen.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alcohol laws of New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "New Jersey's drinking age was lowered to 18 in 1973 as part of a broader legal change which reduced New Jersey's age of majority from 21 to 18. Much of the impetus for lowering the drinking age to 18 was to grant returning Vietnam veterans the right to purchase alcohol. Possibly because of concerns about 18 - year - old high school students being able to legally purchase liquor, and then illegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Legal drinking age", "paragraph_text": "In 2009 France raised its minimum purchase age to 18 years, and fines were increased for selling or serving alcohol to a minor (up to 7,500 €). Previous to 2009 the minimum age to purchase any alcohol from off licensed premises was 16 years. In order to purchase alcohol on premises the minimum age was 16 years for low alcoholic beverages such as wine, beer, cider, perry, mead, crème de cassis and juices from fermented fruits or vegetables that contain 1.2 to 3 ° alcohol, natural sweet wines from controlled cultivation -- to purchase or be served stronger alcoholic drinks one had to be 18 years of age.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "America's Got Talent (season 13)", "paragraph_text": "Shin Lim was named the winner on the season finale, September 19, 2018. This marks the second magician to win. Acrobatic group Zurcaroh and violinist Brian King Joseph came in second and third place respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Alcohol laws of Kentucky", "paragraph_text": "Another inconsistency involves the difference between legal ages for buying and selling alcoholic beverages. The legal age for purchase is 21, as in all U.S. states. However, the legal age for selling or serving alcoholic beverages in a licensed establishment is 20. In the case of packaged beer, the legal selling age is 18, as long as the person is supervised by someone who is at least 20.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 10)", "paragraph_text": "The tenth series was won by magician Richard Jones, with jazz singer Wayne Woodward finishing in second place and dance troupe Boogie Storm in third place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alcohol laws of New York", "paragraph_text": "In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise in 1984, to 19.) Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing alcohol or possessing alcohol with the intent to consume, unless the alcohol was given to that person by their parent or legal guardian. There is no law prohibiting where people under 21 may possess or consume alcohol that was given to them by their parents. Persons under 21 are prohibited from having a blood alcohol level of 0.02% or higher while driving.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 67879, "question": "when does the magician's nephew take place", "answer": "England", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 }, { "id": 62050, "question": "what time can you purchase alcohol in #1", "answer": "24 hours a day", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Croatia national football team", "paragraph_text": "Croatia qualified for and competed in three consecutive World Cup tournaments between 1998 and 2006, but failed to qualify for the 2010 World Cup in South Africa after finishing 3rd in Group 6 behind England and Ukraine. Although they had joined both FIFA and UEFA by 1992, they were unable to enter the 1994 World Cup as qualification had started before the side was officially recognised as a state. In the following three World Cup groups they were eliminated after finishing third in all of them, before finally advancing further than the group stage at the 2018 World Cup. On 11 July 2018, Croatia won their semi-final match against England, advancing the national team to their first FIFA World Cup final wherein they secured second place as runners - up against winners France. Supplanting their third place positioning in 1998, this is the nation's best performance to date.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup was an international women's cricket tournament that took place in England from 24 June to 23 July 2017. It was the eleventh edition of the Women's Cricket World Cup, and the third to be held in England (after the 1973 and 1993 tournaments). The 2017 World Cup was the first in which all participating players were fully professional. Eight teams qualified to participate in the tournament. England won the final against India at Lord's on 23 July by 9 runs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The inaugural Cricket World Cup was hosted in 1975 by England, the only nation able to put forward the resources to stage an event of such magnitude at the time. The 1975 tournament started on 7 June. The first three events were held in England and officially known as the Prudential Cup after the sponsors Prudential plc. The matches consisted of 60 six - ball overs per team, played during the daytime in traditional form, with the players wearing cricket whites and using red cricket balls.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "England national football team", "paragraph_text": "England qualified for the 1970 FIFA World Cup in Mexico as reigning champions, and reached the quarter-finals, where they were knocked out by West Germany. England had been 2–0 up, but were eventually beaten 3–2 after extra time. They failed in qualification for the 1974, leading to Ramsey's dismissal, and 1978 FIFA World Cups. Under Ron Greenwood, they managed to qualify for the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain (the first time competitively since 1962); despite not losing a game, they were eliminated in the second group stage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "1968–69 British Home Championship", "paragraph_text": "The 1968–69 British Home Championship was the third edition of the tournament to be held while England were World Champions following their victory in the 1966 FIFA World Cup. The tournament was reverted to its pre-First World War format, being played at the end of the season in a short period of time, to relax the demands on the players during the competitive season. England re-emphasised their dominance over the British game with a second comfortable win in a row. The tournament began with the favourites England and Scotland securing comfortable (if dramatic) wins over their weaker opponents, before England repeated the feat in a tougher game against Wales and Scotland were held to a draw by Ireland. Going into the final game needing a win, the Scots were thoroughly beaten by a strong English team, who took the trophy in a 4–1 victory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2007–08 Biathlon World Cup statistics", "paragraph_text": "The 2007–08 Biathlon World Cup statistics gives a detailed tabular account of the accumulating Biathlon World Cup scores and related rankings of the top 30 biathletes in the Total (Overall) World Cup, and the top 15 in each of the Individual, Sprint, Pursuit, and Mass start Cups, as well as the top 10 nations in the Relay Cup and top 15 in the Nation Cup, for the duration of the 2007-08 World Cup season, including the 2008 Biathlon World Championships, which counted as usual in the World Cup scores.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "England at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The England national football team has competed at the FIFA World Cup since 1950. The FIFA World Cup is the premier competitive international football tournament, first played in 1930, whose finals stage has been held every four years since, except 1942 and 1946, due to the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final Event 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup England India 228 / 7 219 50 overs 48.4 overs England won by 9 runs Date 23 July 2017 Venue Lord's, London Player of the Match Anya Shrubsole (England) Umpires Gregory Brathwaite and Shaun George Attendance approximately 24,000 (Sold Out) ← 2013 2021 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2017 FIFA U-17 World Cup", "paragraph_text": "England won the U-17 World Cup for the first time after coming back from a two - goal deficit and beating Spain 5 -- 2 in the final. This meant England became the second nation, after Brazil in 2003, to win both of FIFA's under - age (U-20 and U-17) World Cup tournaments in the same calendar year. England has also become the third country, after Brazil and North Korea, to win both U-17 and U-20 World Cup in their respective gender tournaments on the same year, as North Korea had also won both U-17 and U-20 Women's World Cup last year. The Official Match Ball of the Tournament is Adidas Krasava.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Duncan Edwards", "paragraph_text": "Born in Woodside, Dudley, Edwards signed for Manchester United as a teenager and went on to become the youngest player to play in the Football League First Division and at the time the youngest England player since the Second World War, going on to play 18 times for his country at top level. In a professional career of less than five years he helped United to win two Football League championships and two FA Charity Shields, and reach the semi-finals of the European Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2008 World Cup (men's golf)", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 Omega Mission Hills World Cup took place from 27 November to 30 November at Mission Hills Golf Club in Shenzhen, China. It was the 54th World Cup. 28 countries competed and each country sent two players. The team purse was $5,000,000 with $1,600,000 going to the winner. The Swedish team of Robert Karlsson and Henrik Stenson won the tournament. This was the second time that Sweden won the World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 ICC Women's World Cup Final was a one - day international cricket match played between England and India to decide the winner of the 2017 Women's World Cup. England won the game by nine runs to secure their fourth World Cup title, with Anya Shrubsole named player of the match. It was one of the closest finals in tournament history, with only the 2000 final being decided by a narrower margin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Premier League", "paragraph_text": "However, by the turn of the 1990s the downward trend was starting to reverse; England had been successful in the 1990 FIFA World Cup, reaching the semi-finals. UEFA, European football's governing body, lifted the five-year ban on English clubs playing in European competitions in 1990 (resulting in Manchester United lifting the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1991) and the Taylor Report on stadium safety standards, which proposed expensive upgrades to create all-seater stadiums in the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, was published in January of that year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1995 Rugby League World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Rugby League World Cup was held during October in the United Kingdom. It was the eleventh staging of the Rugby League World Cup and was marketed as the Halifax Centenary World Cup, reflecting the tournament's sponsorship and the fact that 1995 marked the centenary of the sport. Envisaged as a celebration of rugby league football, the size of the competition was doubled, with four additional teams invited and Great Britain split into England and Wales (Scotland and Ireland took part in the Emerging Nations Tournament that was held alongside the World Cup.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "1966 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1966 FIFA World Cup was the eighth FIFA World Cup and was held in England from 11 to 30 July 1966. England beat West Germany 4 -- 2 in the final, winning the Jules Rimet Trophy. It is England's only FIFA World Cup title. They were the fifth nation to win and the third host nation to win after Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 1934.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2003 Rugby World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2003 Rugby World Cup Final was won by England who defeated Australia 20 points to 17. The match went into extra time, in which Jonny Wilkinson kicked a dropped goal in the final minute to seal England's first Rugby World Cup title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Arsenal F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. It is also the only English club to go a 38 - match league season unbeaten, receiving the nickname The Invincibles, and a special gold Premier League trophy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "England national football team", "paragraph_text": "Sven-Göran Eriksson took charge of the team between 2001 and 2006, and was the first non–English manager of England. Despite controversial press coverage of his personal life, Eriksson was consistently popular with the majority of fans.[citation needed] He guided England to the quarter-finals of the 2002 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2004, and the 2006 FIFA World Cup. He lost only five competitive matches during his tenure, and England rose to an No.4 world ranking under his guidance. His contract was extended by the Football Association by two years, to include UEFA Euro 2008. However, it was terminated by them at the 2006 FIFA World Cup's conclusion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The ICC Under - 19 Cricket World Cup is an international cricket tournament organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC) contested by national under - 19 teams. First contested in 1988, as the Youth World Cup, it was not staged again until 1998. Since then, the World Cup has been held as a biennial event, organised by the ICC. The first edition of the tournament had only eight participants, but every subsequent edition has included sixteen teams. India, the current champions, has won the World Cup four times which is the highest amongst all teams, while Australia has won thrice, Pakistan twice and England, South Africa, and the West Indies once each. Two other teams -- New Zealand and Sri Lanka -- have made a tournament final without going on to win.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "FIFA World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The hosts of the World Cup receive an automatic berth. Unlike many other sports, results of the previous World Cups or of the continental championships are not taken into account. Until 2002, the defending champions also received an automatic berth, but starting from the 2006 World Cup this is no longer the case.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 86087, "question": "where is the world cup going to be at", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 79547, "question": "the war between england and #1 started in", "answer": "1807", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Dave Pratt", "paragraph_text": "Dave Pratt is an American radio personality, known to his fans as the \"Morning Mayor\". His show \"Dave Pratt in the Morning\" became the longest running rock and roll morning show in the United States. Pratt has sold more than 100,000 albums with his band (Sex Machine Band), headlining sold-out shows in major venues throughout Arizona.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Vukpalaj", "paragraph_text": "Vukpalaj (also known as Vukpalaj-Bajzë) is a settlement in the former Kastrat Municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 768.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rrapshë", "paragraph_text": "Rrapshë (also known as Rrapshë-Starë) is a settlement in the former Kastrat Municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 813.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Australia (continent)", "paragraph_text": "New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Riemann's differential equation", "paragraph_text": "In mathematics, Riemann's differential equation, named after Bernhard Riemann, is a generalization of the hypergeometric differential equation, allowing the regular singular points (RSPs) to occur anywhere on the Riemann sphere, rather than merely at 0, 1, and formula_1. The equation is also known as the Papperitz equation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Geography of Brazil", "paragraph_text": "The country of Brazil occupies roughly half of South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. Brazil covers a total area of 8,514,215 km (3,287,357 sq mi) which includes 8,456,510 km (3,265,080 sq mi) of land and 55,455 km (21,411 sq mi) of water. The highest point in Brazil is Pico da Neblina at 2,994 m (9,823 ft). Brazil is bordered by the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela, and France (overseas department of France, French Guiana).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Laissez-faire", "paragraph_text": "The doctrine of laissez - faire became an integral part of nineteenth - century European liberalism. Just as liberals supported freedom of thought in the intellectual sphere, so were they equally prepared to champion the principles of free trade and free competition in the sphere of economics. The state was to be merely a passive policeman, protecting private property and administering justice, but not interfering with the affairs of its citizens. Businessmen and particularly British industrialists were quick to associate these principles with their own economic interests. Many of the ideas of the physiocrats spread throughout Europe and were adopted to a greater or lesser extent in Sweden, Tuscany, Spain and after 1776 in the newly created United States. Adam Smith, author of The Wealth of Nations, met Quesnay and acknowledged his influence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Brazos Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The Brazos Mountains is a range in far northern Rio Arriba County, in northern New Mexico in the southwestern United States. The range is part of the southern portion of the San Juan Mountains which are more well known in Colorado. A high crest runs from the border with Colorado for over in a south-southeasterly direction. The high point of the range at is on Grouse Mesa,", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Somalis", "paragraph_text": "Ancient rock paintings in Somalia which date back to 5000 years have been found in the northern part of the country, depicting early life in the territory. The most famous of these is the Laas Geel complex, which contains some of the earliest known rock art on the African continent and features many elaborate pastoralist sketches of animal and human figures. In other places, such as the northern Dhambalin region, a depiction of a man on a horse is postulated as being one of the earliest known examples of a mounted huntsman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "The Silurian is a major division of the geologic timescale that started about 443.8 ± 1.5 Ma. During the Silurian, Gondwana continued a slow southward drift to high southern latitudes, but there is evidence that the Silurian ice caps were less extensive than those of the late Ordovician glaciation. The melting of ice caps and glaciers contributed to a rise in sea levels, recognizable from the fact that Silurian sediments overlie eroded Ordovician sediments, forming an unconformity. Other cratons and continent fragments drifted together near the equator, starting the formation of a second supercontinent known as Euramerica. The vast ocean of Panthalassa covered most of the northern hemisphere. Other minor oceans include Proto-Tethys, Paleo-Tethys, Rheic Ocean, a seaway of Iapetus Ocean (now in between Avalonia and Laurentia), and newly formed Ural Ocean.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Goraj, Albania", "paragraph_text": "Goraj (also known as Goraj-Budishë and Budishtë-Goraj) is a settlement in the former Kastrat Municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 693.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Continental drift", "paragraph_text": "The widespread distribution of Permo-Carboniferous glacial sediments in South America, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Antarctica and Australia was one of the major pieces of evidence for the theory of continental drift. The continuity of glaciers, inferred from oriented glacial striations and deposits called tillites, suggested the existence of the supercontinent of Gondwana, which became a central element of the concept of continental drift. Striations indicated glacial flow away from the equator and toward the poles, based on continents' current positions and orientations, and supported the idea that the southern continents had previously been in dramatically different locations that were contiguous with one another.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "The Cenozoic Era covers the 66 million years since the Cretaceous -- Paleogene extinction event up to and including the present day. By the end of the Mesozoic era, the continents had rifted into nearly their present form. Laurasia became North America and Eurasia, while Gondwana split into South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica and the Indian subcontinent, which collided with the Asian plate. This impact gave rise to the Himalayas. The Tethys Sea, which had separated the northern continents from Africa and India, began to close up, forming the Mediterranean sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "The Cenozoic Era covers the 66 million years since the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event up to and including the present day. By the end of the Mesozoic era, the continents had rifted into nearly their present form. Laurasia became North America and Eurasia, while Gondwana split into South America, Africa, Australia, Antarctica and the Indian subcontinent, which collided with the Asian plate. This impact gave rise to the Himalayas. The Tethys Sea, which had separated the northern continents from Africa and India, began to close up, forming the Mediterranean sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Simón Bolívar", "paragraph_text": "Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad de Bolívar y Palacios (Spanish: (siˈmon boˈliβar) (listen); 24 July 1783 -- 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a leading role in the establishment of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kalldrun", "paragraph_text": "Kalldrun (also known as Kaldrun) is a settlement in the former Qendër municipality, Shkodër County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Malësi e Madhe. It has a population of 554.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of Panama (1821–1903)", "paragraph_text": "Panama thus became part of Colombia, then governed under the 1821 Constitution of Cúcuta, and was designated a department with two provinces, Panamá and Veraguas. With the addition of Ecuador to the liberated area, the whole country became known as Gran Colombia. Panama sent a force of 700 men to join Simón Bolívar in Peru, where the Peruvian War of Independence continued.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "The Devonian spanned roughly from 419 to 359 Ma. The period was a time of great tectonic activity, as Laurasia and Gondwana drew closer together. The continent Euramerica (or Laurussia) was created in the early Devonian by the collision of Laurentia and Baltica, which rotated into the natural dry zone along the Tropic of Capricorn. In these near-deserts, the Old Red Sandstone sedimentary beds formed, made red by the oxidized iron (hematite) characteristic of drought conditions. Near the equator Pangaea began to consolidate from the plates containing North America and Europe, further raising the northern Appalachian Mountains and forming the Caledonian Mountains in Great Britain and Scandinavia. The southern continents remained tied together in the supercontinent of Gondwana. The remainder of modern Eurasia lay in the Northern Hemisphere. Sea levels were high worldwide, and much of the land lay submerged under shallow seas. The deep, enormous Panthalassa (the \"universal ocean\") covered the rest of the planet. Other minor oceans were Paleo-Tethys, Proto-Tethys, Rheic Ocean and Ural Ocean (which was closed during the collision with Siberia and Baltica).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Equator", "paragraph_text": "Despite its name, no part of Equatorial Guinea lies on the Equator. However, its island of Annobón is 155 km (96 mi) south of the Equator, and the rest of the country lies to the north.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Antarctica", "paragraph_text": "Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents. Antarctica is considered a desert, with annual precipitation of only 200 mm (8 in) along the coast and far less inland. The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F), though the average for the third quarter (the coldest part of the year) is −63 °C (−81 °F). There are no permanent human residents, but anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at the research stations scattered across the continent. Organisms native to Antarctica include many types of algae, bacteria, fungi, plants, protista, and certain animals, such as mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades. Vegetation, where it occurs, is tundra.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 51228, "question": "the equator runs through the northern part of the continent of", "answer": "South America", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 87085, "question": "who became known throughout #1 as the liberator", "answer": "Simón Bolívar", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

[ "Libertador" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "In 1886, Frank Julian Sprague invented the first practical DC motor, a non-sparking motor that maintained relatively constant speed under variable loads. Other Sprague electric inventions about this time greatly improved grid electric distribution (prior work done while employed by Thomas Edison), allowed power from electric motors to be returned to the electric grid, provided for electric distribution to trolleys via overhead wires and the trolley pole, and provided controls systems for electric operations. This allowed Sprague to use electric motors to invent the first electric trolley system in 1887–88 in Richmond VA, the electric elevator and control system in 1892, and the electric subway with independently powered centrally controlled cars, which were first installed in 1892 in Chicago by the South Side Elevated Railway where it became popularly known as the \"L\". Sprague's motor and related inventions led to an explosion of interest and use in electric motors for industry, while almost simultaneously another great inventor was developing its primary competitor, which would become much more widespread. The development of electric motors of acceptable efficiency was delayed for several decades by failure to recognize the extreme importance of a relatively small air gap between rotor and stator. Efficient designs have a comparatively small air gap. [a] The St. Louis motor, long used in classrooms to illustrate motor principles, is extremely inefficient for the same reason, as well as appearing nothing like a modern motor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bayer process", "paragraph_text": "The Bayer process was invented in 1888 by Carl Josef Bayer. Working in Saint Petersburg, Russia to develop a method for supplying alumina to the textile industry (it was used as a mordant in dyeing cotton), Bayer discovered in 1887 that the aluminium hydroxide that precipitated from alkaline solution was crystalline and could be easily filtered and washed, while that precipitated from acid medium by neutralization was gelatinous and difficult to wash. The industrial success of this process caused it to replace the Le Chatelier process which was used to produce alumina from bauxite.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Computer", "paragraph_text": "The first modern analog computer was a tide-predicting machine, invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872. The differential analyser, a mechanical analog computer designed to solve differential equations by integration using wheel-and-disc mechanisms, was conceptualized in 1876 by James Thomson, the brother of the more famous Lord Kelvin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Zamboni pile", "paragraph_text": "The Zamboni pile (also referred to as a \"Duluc Dry Pile\") is an early electric battery, invented by Giuseppe Zamboni in 1812.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tea bag", "paragraph_text": "The first modern tea bags in the Western World were hand - sewn fabric bags; tea bag patents date as early as 1903. First appearing commercially around 1904, tea bags were successfully marketed about 1908 by the tea and coffee importer Thomas Sullivan from New York, who shipped his silk tea bags around the world. The loose tea was intended to be removed from the bags by customers, but they found it easier to brew the tea with the tea still enclosed in the porous bags. The first tea bag packing machine was invented 1929 by Adolf Rambold for the German company Teekanne.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Fan (machine)", "paragraph_text": "Between 1882 and 1886 Schuyler Wheeler invented a fan powered by electricity. It was commercially marketed by the American firm Crocker & Curtis electric motor company. In 1882, Philip Diehl developed the world's first electric ceiling fan. During this intense period of innovation, fans powered by alcohol, oil, or kerosene were common around the turn of the 20th century. In 1909, KDK of Japan pioneered the invention of mass - produced electric fans for home use. In the 1920s, industrial advances allowed steel fans to be mass - produced in different shapes, bringing fan prices down and allowing more homeowners to afford them. In the 1930s, the first art deco fan (the ``swan fan '') was designed. By the 1940s, Crompton Greaves of India became the world's largest manufacturer of electric ceiling fans mainly for sale in India, Asia and the Middle East. By the 1950s, table and stand fans were manufactured in colors that were bright and eye catching.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "Found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives, electric motors can be powered by direct current (DC) sources, such as from batteries, motor vehicles or rectifiers, or by alternating current (AC) sources, such as from the power grid, inverters or generators. Small motors may be found in electric watches. General-purpose motors with highly standardized dimensions and characteristics provide convenient mechanical power for industrial use. The largest of electric motors are used for ship propulsion, pipeline compression and pumped-storage applications with ratings reaching 100 megawatts. Electric motors may be classified by electric power source type, internal construction, application, type of motion output, and so on.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Army Inventions Board", "paragraph_text": "The Australian Army Inventions Board, otherwise known as the Army Inventions Directorate, was a government body of the Commonwealth of Australia, set up in 1942 to handle the thousands of inventions submitted by the public. These inventions numbered some 27,000; a mere 127 of which were eventually accepted by the Army as being of notable value or suitable for military purposes. The best known invention accepted by the Army Inventions Board was the Australian-designed Owen Gun, a machine carbine which took a few years to get off the ground.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sewing machine", "paragraph_text": "A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies. Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Yablochkov candle", "paragraph_text": "A Yablochkov candle (sometimes electric candle) is a type of electric carbon arc lamp, invented in 1876 by Pavel Yablochkov.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Wilhelm Emil Fein", "paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Emil Fein (born 16 January 1842 in Ludwigsburg; died 6 October 1898 in Stuttgart) was a German inventor. He invented the worldwide first portable electric drill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Daniell cell", "paragraph_text": "The Daniell cell is a type of electrochemical cell invented in 1836 by John Frederic Daniell, a British chemist and meteorologist, and consists of a copper pot filled with a copper (II) sulfate solution, in which is immersed an unglazed earthenware container filled with sulfuric acid and a zinc electrode. He was searching for a way to eliminate the hydrogen bubble problem found in the voltaic pile, and his solution was to use a second electrolyte to consume the hydrogen produced by the first. Zinc sulfate may be substituted for the sulfuric acid. The Daniell cell was a great improvement over the existing technology used in the early days of battery development. A later variant of the Daniell cell called the gravity cell or crowfoot cell was invented in the 1860s by a Frenchman named Callaud and became a popular choice for electrical telegraphy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Washing machine", "paragraph_text": "Bendix Home Appliances, a subsidiary of Avco, an otherwise unrelated company, who licensed the name from Bendix Corporation, introduced the first domestic automatic washing machine in 1937, having applied for a patent in the same year. In appearance and mechanical detail, this first machine was not unlike the front loading automatic washers produced today. Although it included many of the today's basic features, the machine lacked any drum suspension and therefore had to be anchored to the floor to prevent ``walking ''. Because of the components required, the machine was also very expensive. For instance, the Bendix Home Laundry Service Manual (published November 1, 1946) shows that the drum speed change was facilitated by a 2 - speed gearbox built to a heavy duty standard (not unlike a car automatic gearbox, albeit at a smaller size). The timer was also probably fairly costly, because miniature electric motors were expensive to produce.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Clarence Dennis", "paragraph_text": "Clarence Dennis, M. D., Ph.D., (June 16, 1909 – July 11, 2005) was an American cardiothoracic surgeon best known for his work in pioneering cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). He had invented one of the first heart-lung bypass machines, and in 1951 he became the first to use such a device during an open-heart operation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had \"the germ of a great invention\". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, \"Get it!\" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "General Electric", "paragraph_text": "During 1889, Thomas Edison had business interests in many electricity-related companies: Edison Lamp Company, a lamp manufacturer in East Newark, New Jersey; Edison Machine Works, a manufacturer of dynamos and large electric motors in Schenectady, New York; Bergmann & Company, a manufacturer of electric lighting fixtures, sockets, and other electric lighting devices; and Edison Electric Light Company, the patent-holding company and the financial arm backed by J.P. Morgan and the Vanderbilt family for Edison's lighting experiments. In 1889, Drexel, Morgan & Co., a company founded by J.P. Morgan and Anthony J. Drexel, financed Edison's research and helped merge those companies under one corporation to form Edison General Electric Company which was incorporated in New York on April 24, 1889. The new company also acquired Sprague Electric Railway & Motor Company in the same year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Raymond Moloney", "paragraph_text": "Raymond T. Moloney (died February 26, 1958) invented the \"Bally Hoo\" pinball machine in 1931, and founded the Bally Manufacturing Corporation of Chicago, IL, USA on January 10, 1932.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Capacitor", "paragraph_text": "Charles Pollak (born Karol Pollak), the inventor of the first electrolytic capacitors, found out that the oxide layer on an aluminum anode remained stable in a neutral or alkaline electrolyte, even when the power was switched off. In 1896 he filed a patent for an \"Electric liquid capacitor with aluminum electrodes.\" Solid electrolyte tantalum capacitors were invented by Bell Laboratories in the early 1950s as a miniaturized and more reliable low-voltage support capacitor to complement their newly invented transistor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Singer Corporation", "paragraph_text": "Singer consolidated enough patents in the field to enable him to engage in mass production, and by 1860, his company was the largest manufacturer of sewing machines in the world. In 1885, Singer produced its first ``vibrating shuttle ''sewing machine, an improvement over contemporary transverse shuttle designs; (see bobbin drivers). Singer began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris World's Fair. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine at the Philadelphia electric exhibition in 1889 and began mass - producing domestic electric machines in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and was a pioneer in promoting the use of installment payment plans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Washing machine", "paragraph_text": "Electric washing machines were advertised and discussed in newspapers as early as 1904. Alva J. Fisher has been incorrectly credited with the invention of the electric washer. The US Patent Office shows at least one patent issued before Fisher's US patent number 966677 (e.g. Woodrow's US patent number 921195). The ``inventor ''of the electric washing machine remains unknown.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 65149, "question": "where was the first electric washing machine invented", "answer": "The US", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 46180, "question": "who was the #1 president when nafta was founded", "answer": "George H.W. Bush", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Filling station attendant", "paragraph_text": "In most western countries today, full - service stations and their attendants are not common and are usually considered somewhat nostalgic. However, all stations in New Jersey offer only full service and ``mini service ''. In these states, attendants are required to pump gasoline because customers are barred by statutes from doing it themselves. New Jersey banned self - service gasoline in 1949 after lobbying by service station owners and Oregon did the same in 1951. Proponents of the ban cite safety and jobs as reasons to keep the ban.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoke a Little Smoke", "paragraph_text": "\"Smoke a Little Smoke\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Eric Church. It was released in June 2010 as the third and final single from his 2009 album \"Carolina\". It was also the eighth single of Church's career to reach the Top 20 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart after peaking at number 16. Church wrote this song with Jeff Hyde and Driver Williams.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "History of tobacco", "paragraph_text": "John Hawkins was the first to bring tobacco seeds to England. William Harrison's English Chronology mentions tobacco smoking in the country as of 1573, before Sir Walter Raleigh brought the first ``Virginia ''tobacco to Europe from the Roanoke Colony, referring to it as tobah as early as 1578. In 1595 Anthony Chute published Tabaco, which repeated earlier arguments about the benefits of the plant and emphasised the health - giving properties of pipe - smoking.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gareth Unwin", "paragraph_text": "Gareth Ellis-Unwin (born Gareth Unwin, 20 February 1972) is a British film producer best known for producing the 2010 film \"The King's Speech\", for which he won an Academy Award for Best Picture. He is also the co-founder and CEO of Bedlam Productions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Harriet Dunlop Prenter", "paragraph_text": "Harriet Irene Dunlop Prenter was a leader in the women's rights movement in Canada. In 1921 she was among the first group of women to run as candidates in a Canadian federal election.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "NGC 249", "paragraph_text": "NGC 249 is an emission nebula in the constellation Tucana. It was discovered in 1826 by the astronomer James Dunlop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Facebook", "paragraph_text": "In many countries the social networking sites and mobile apps have been blocked temporarily or permanently, including China, Iran, Syria, and North Korea. In May 2018, the government of Papua New Guinea announced that it would ban Facebook for a month while it considered the impact of the website on the country, though no ban has since occurred.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "In April 1970, President Nixon signed into law the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on 2 January 1971. The Virginia Slims brand was the last commercial shown, with ``a 60 - second revue from flapper to Female Lib '', shown at 11: 59 p.m. on 1 January during a break on The Tonight Show. Smokeless tobacco ads, on the other hand, remained on the air until a ban took effect on 28 August 1986. Even further restrictions took effect under the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. Effective 22 June 2010, the new regulations prohibit tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events. Also, tobacco companies can no longer display their logos or advertise their products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. Eventually, the law is planned to require almost all tobacco advertisements to consist of black text on a white background, but the constitutionality of that requirement has come under scrutiny.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Heysel Stadium disaster", "paragraph_text": "Pressure mounted to ban English clubs from European competition. On 31 May 1985, British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher asked the FA to withdraw English clubs from European competition before they were banned, but two days later, UEFA banned English clubs for ``an indeterminate period of time ''. On 6 June, FIFA extended this ban to all worldwide matches, but this was modified a week later to allow friendly matches outside of Europe to take place. In December 1985 FIFA announced that English clubs were also free to play friendly games in Europe, though the Belgian government banned any English clubs playing in their country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Pub", "paragraph_text": "The number of pubs in the UK has declined year on year, at least since 1982. Various reasons are put forward for this, such as the failure of some establishments to keep up with customer requirements. Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline. Changes in demographics may be an additional factor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Daylight saving time", "paragraph_text": "In several countries, fire safety officials encourage citizens to use the two annual clock shifts as reminders to replace batteries in smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, particularly in autumn, just before the heating and candle season causes an increase in home fires. Similar twice-yearly tasks include reviewing and practicing fire escape and family disaster plans, inspecting vehicle lights, checking storage areas for hazardous materials, reprogramming thermostats, and seasonal vaccinations. Locations without DST can instead use the first days of spring and autumn as reminders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of smoking bans in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Statewide smoking ban: Since January 1, 1995, smoking has been banned in all enclosed workplaces in California, including bars and restaurants (bars were excluded until January 1, 1998); these following areas were exempt until June 9, 2016: meeting and banquet rooms except while food or beverage functions are taking place (including set - up, service, and clean - up activities or when the room is being used for exhibit activities), retail or wholesale tobacco shops and private smokers lounges (i.e. cigar bars), truck cabs / tractors if no nonsmoking employees are present, theatrical production sites if smoking is an integral part of the story, medical research or treatment sites if smoking is integral to the research or treatment being conducted, private residences except homes licensed as family day care homes during the hours of operation and in those areas where children are present, and patient smoking areas in long - term health care facilities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Roman (given name)", "paragraph_text": "Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "NGC 1872", "paragraph_text": "NGC 1872 is an open cluster within the Large Magellanic Cloud in the constellation Dorado. It was discovered by James Dunlop in 1826.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The One Where Rachel Smokes", "paragraph_text": "``The One Where Rachel Smokes ''is the eighteenth episode of the fifth season of Friends and 115th overall. It first aired on NBC in the United States on April 8, 1999. In the episode, Rachel (Jennifer Aniston) starts her new job at Ralph Lauren and soon feels left out because all the decision making takes place on smoking breaks and she does not smoke. Rachel attempts to solve the problem by taking up the habit, which proves difficult. Meanwhile, Ben auditions for a soup commercial and Joey (Matt LeBlanc) decides to come along to try for a part as well. When both are paired with different actors, the auditions become competitive. Elsewhere, Monica (Courteney Cox) and Phoebe (Lisa Kudrow) plan a surprise party for Rachel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Dunlop hill", "paragraph_text": "Dunlop hill is a hill in Dunlop, East Ayrshire which is believed to have once held a Celtic fortress. Unknown in age, it is probably a few thousand years old. For members of the Dunlop family, it is a legend that has been believed for centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Nicotine marketing", "paragraph_text": "After World War II, cigarette companies advertised frequently on television programs. To combat this move by the cigarette companies, the Federal Communications Commission required television stations to air anti-smoking advertisements at no cost to the organizations providing such advertisements. In 1970, Congress took their anti-smoking initiative one step further and passed the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act, banning the advertising of cigarettes on television and radio starting on January 2, 1971. After the television ban, most cigarette advertising took place in magazines, newspapers, and on billboards. However, in 1999 all cigarette billboard advertisements were replaced with anti-smoking messages, with some of these anti-smoking messages playing parodies of cigarette companies advertising figures and slogans. Since 1984, cigarette companies have also been forced to place Surgeon's General warnings on all cigarette packs and advertisements because of the passing of the Federal Cigarette Labeling and Advertising Act. Restrictions on cigarette companies became even tighter in 2010 with the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act. The act prohibits tobacco companies from sponsoring sports, music, and other cultural events and also prevents the display of their logos or products on T - shirts, hats, or other apparel. The constitutionality of both this act and the Food and Drug Administration's new graphic cigarette warning labels are being questioned under cigarette companies' first amendment rights.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "The smoking age is the minimum legal age required to purchase or smoke tobacco products. In almost all countries citizens are eligible to buy tobacco products when they turn 18. Most countries have laws that restrict those below a minimum age from legally purchasing tobacco products.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 101928, "question": "Of what country is Gareth Dunlop a citizen?", "answer": "Ireland", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 81270, "question": "when did the smoking ban come in #1", "answer": "29 March 2004", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016 and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017 and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017 and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017 and consisted of 6 episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures and other toys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "They Met in Argentina", "paragraph_text": "They Met in Argentina is a 1941 American film directed by Leslie Goodwins and Jack Hively for RKO Pictures. Hively had to come in and finish the picture after Goodwins was hospitalized for pneumonia. Maureen O'Hara plays an Argentinian who falls in love with a Texan (James Ellison), who is attempting to buy a racehorse from her father. It was one of a number of Hollywood films from the 1940s produced to reflect America's \"Good Neighbor policy\" towards Latin American countries. \"They Met in Argentina\" was not well received by audiences, critics, or the Argentine government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Winter Is Coming", "paragraph_text": "\"Winter Is Coming\" is the series premiere episode of the HBO medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\". The first episode of the first season, it was written by the show creators David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, in a faithful adaptation of the first chapters of George R. R. Martin's book \"A Game of Thrones\". The episode was directed by Tim Van Patten, redoing the work done by director Tom McCarthy in an unaired pilot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "School Spirits", "paragraph_text": "School Spirits is an American paranormal television series which airs on the Syfy channel. The first season premiered on June 20, 2012. The series features alleged paranormal encounters told through reenactments that are based on occurrences at schools and universities in America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Arthur Hanlon", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Hanlon is an American pianist, songwriter and arranger widely regarded as the best-known instrumentalist in the Latin music realm. Born to Irish-American parents, he hails from Detroit, Michigan, but found his calling in Latin music and has received widespread recognition in that realm, becoming the first pianist to reach the \"Billboard\" Latin airplay charts in more than a decade and the first to have a No. 1 on \"Billboard\"s Tropical Airplay chart. Arthur's latest project is \"Viajero,\" a CD and DVD documenting his travels through eight countries—Argentina, Colombia, Brazil, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Mexico and Cuba. In Miami, Arthur recorded an iconic Latin track in each song and his travels were documented by a traveling film crew. \"Viajero\" mini-docs premiered on American Airlines flights and the album \"Viajero,\" the first for Arthur on Sony Music Latin, was released in mid-2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Aliados", "paragraph_text": "Aliados is a unit of Argentine television created and produced by Cris Morena aired by the network Telefe in Argentina and by the FOX Network to the rest of Latin America. It's aimed at teen and youth audiences. The premiere, which was planned for June 10, 2013, was delayed to June 26, 2013. This show marks the return of producer Cris Morena to television after two years, when her production company closed at the end the telenovela Casi Ángeles, because of the death of her daughter Romina Yan. The series airs in 18 countries, including Israel and some in Europe. The season 1 is composed of 23 episodes for television and 126 webisodes online which are parts from the television episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "The Kids from Room 402", "paragraph_text": "The Kids from Room 402 is a Canadian-American animated series produced by CinéGroupe and Saban Entertainment that premiered in 1999 on the Fox Family Channel in the United States, and on August 29, 2000 on Teletoon in Canada. It consists of 52 half-hour episodes, the last of which aired in 2000, with reruns airing until 2005. The series was also seen in Latin America and Europe on Fox Kids, with the latter region still airing the series after the Fox Kids channels were purchased by Disney and changed their name to Jetix; remaining on their schedule until the Jetix channels were once again rebranded as Disney XD.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union and Latin America. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season will premiere on June 15, 2018 and will consist of seven episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "America's Got Talent (season 4)", "paragraph_text": "The fourth season of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition, premiered on the NBC network on June 23, 2009. Country singer Kevin Skinner was named the winner on September 16, 2009. This season is the first season to be broadcast in high definition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Montevideo", "paragraph_text": "It is classified as a Beta World City, ranking seventh in Latin America and 73rd in the world. Described as a \"vibrant, eclectic place with a rich cultural life\", and \"a thriving tech center and entrepreneurial culture\", Montevideo ranks 8th in Latin America on the 2013 MasterCard Global Destination Cities Index. By 2014, is also regarded as the fifth most gay-friendly major city in the world, first in Latin America. It is the hub of commerce and higher education in Uruguay as well as its chief port. The city is also the financial and cultural hub of a larger metropolitan area, with a population of around 2 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Roman (given name)", "paragraph_text": "Roman is a male first name. It has distant origins dating back to the Roman Empire and the Latin language. It comes from the Latin word ``romanus '', which means`` of Rome''. In this initial sense, the title ``Roman ''means`` a citizen of the Roman Empire'', a man of Roman (or Byzantine) culture, Latin or Greek. The name day festival for Roman may take place on different days depending on the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Prison Break", "paragraph_text": "In Canada, Prison Break was broadcast on Global one hour before it aired on Fox, except in the Maritimes where it aired two hours before Fox's airing. Prison Break was the only new television series to be positioned in the top twenty television shows of 2005–2006 in Canada, achieving an average of 876,000 viewers in the key demographic of 18–49 and 1.4 million viewers nationally for its first season. Prison Break premiered on Australian television network Seven on February 1, 2006, to an average audience of 1.94 million. The first season attracted an overall average of 1.353 million viewers. After decreasing ratings throughout the second season, Seven decided to fast-track the airing of the third-season episodes. The fifth season revival moved to Network Ten and debuted on May 15, 2017.The first and second seasons premiered in the UK on Five, with the first season being replayed on UKTV Gold before the second season debuted on Five. Prior to the start of the third season, Sky One acquired the rights to broadcast Prison Break, paying £500,000 per episode. The series premiered in France on August 31, 2006, with an average of 5.5 million viewers. The second season premiered on September 13, 2007, to 5.3 million viewers. The first season's broadcast in Hong Kong on TVB Pearl received the largest audience in the country for a foreign drama. The series premiere obtained an average of 260,000 viewers while the first-season finale obtained an average of 470,000 viewers. The second season's premiere received an average of 270,000 viewers.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Resident (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, new episodes are broadcast by Fox. Internationally, the series is shown on Seven Network in Australia, City (season 1) and CTV (season 2) in Canada, and on Universal TV in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In Latin America, the series is broadcast by Fox's Latin America counterpart. Episodes can be watched next day on the network's website. Hulu currently owns the SVOD rights to the series, and individual episodes, or the season as a whole, are available for purchase on Amazon and iTunes. The first season DVD set was made available for pre-order in June 2018 through Amazon and is set to be released on October 2, 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "History of anime", "paragraph_text": "The 1960s brought anime to television and in America. The first anime film to be broadcast was Three Tales in 1960. The following year saw the premiere of Japan's first animated television series, Instant History, although it did not consist entirely of animation. Osamu Tezuka's Tetsuwan Atom (Astro Boy) is often miscredited as the first anime television series, premiering on January 1, 1963. Astro Boy was highly influential to other anime in the 1960s, and was followed by a large number of anime about robots or space.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Voltron: Legendary Defender", "paragraph_text": "The first season premiered on Netflix on June 10, 2016, and consisted of 13 episodes. The series has a 78 - episode commitment from Netflix. It has been released globally in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Scandinavia, Benelux Union, Latin America, Slovenia and Italy. The second season premiered on Netflix on January 20, 2017, and consisted of 13 episodes. The third season premiered on Netflix on August 4, 2017, and consisted of 7 episodes while the fourth season premiered on October 13, 2017, and consisted of 6 episodes. The fifth season premiered on March 2, 2018, and consists of six episodes. The sixth season premiered on June 15, 2018 and consists of seven episodes. A seventh season premiered on August 10, 2018 and consists of thirteen episodes. The series' success has spawned several comics, action figures, and other toys. The eighth and final season will premiere on December 14, 2018, and will consist of of thirteen episodes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Latin America", "paragraph_text": "Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Spanish, French and Portuguese are spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero - America or Hispanic America. The term originated in the Napoleon III French government in the mid-19th century as Amérique latine to consider French - speaking territories in the Americas, (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish - speaking portions of the United States (the Southwest and Florida.) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico and Miami) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Caged (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Caged is an American reality television series which aired on MTV. It focuses on a group of young up and coming mixed martial arts fighters in small town Minden, Louisiana. The series premiered on January 9, 2012 on MTV and ran for 10 episodes on its first and only season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Café, con aroma de mujer", "paragraph_text": "Café, con aroma de mujer (\"Coffee, with the scent of a woman\") is a 1994 Colombian telenovela, produced by then programming company RCN TV on state-owned Canal A. It was written and created by Fernando Gaitán. It was broadcast in several countries throughout Latin America, North America and Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Saga of a Star World", "paragraph_text": "\"Saga of a Star World\" (or \"Battlestar Galactica\") is the pilot for the American science fiction television series of \"Battlestar Galactica\" which was produced in 1978 by Glen A. Larson. A re-edit of the episode was released theatrically as Battlestar Galactica in Canada, Australia and some countries in Europe and Latin America before the television series aired in the United States, in order to help recoup its high production costs. Later, in May 1979, the feature-film edit was also released in the United States (see below).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "French people", "paragraph_text": "Elsewhere in the Americas, French settlement took place in the 16th to 20th centuries. They can be found in Haiti, Cuba (refugees from the Haitian Revolution) and Uruguay. The Betancourt political families who influenced Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Puerto Rico, Bolivia and Panama have some French ancestry.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 159068, "question": "What country did the series premiere?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 55877, "question": "when did #1 first come to latin america", "answer": "16th to 20th centuries", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for Thai citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of Thailand by the authorities of other states. As of February 2018, Thai citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 75 countries and territories, ranking the Thai passport 65th in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "The smoking age is the minimum legal age required to purchase or smoke tobacco products. In almost all countries citizens are eligible to buy tobacco products when they turn 18. Most countries have laws that restrict those below a minimum age from legally purchasing tobacco products.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "A Ship Comes In", "paragraph_text": "A Ship Comes In (also known as His Country) is a 1928 silent film which tells the story of immigrants coming to the United States. It stars Rudolph Schildkraut, Louise Dresser, Milton Holmes, Linda Landi, and Fritz Feld.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fritz Köppen", "paragraph_text": "Fritz Köppen (born 28 June 1935 in Charlottenburg) is a German former long jumper who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Gamal Abdel Nasser", "paragraph_text": "On 5 March, Nasser's security coterie arrested thousands of participants in the uprising. As a ruse to rally opposition against a return to the pre-1952 order, the RCC decreed an end to restrictions on monarchy-era parties and the Free Officers' withdrawal from politics. The RCC succeeded in provoking the beneficiaries of the revolution, namely the workers, peasants, and petty bourgeois, to oppose the decrees, with one million transport workers launching a strike and thousands of peasants entering Cairo in protest in late March. Naguib sought to crackdown on the protesters, but his requests were rebuffed by the heads of the security forces. On 29 March, Nasser announced the decrees' revocation in response to the \"impulse of the street.\" Between April and June, hundreds of Naguib's supporters in the military were either arrested or dismissed, and Mohieddin was informally exiled to Switzerland to represent the RCC abroad. King Saud of Saudi Arabia attempted to mend relations between Nasser and Naguib, but to no avail.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Stefan Nystrom", "paragraph_text": "Stefan Nystrom was a long-time resident of Australia who was deported to Sweden in 2006. He won a landmark decision at the United Nations in 2011, establishing that non-citizens may also have the right to enter a country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Birgitta Fritz", "paragraph_text": "Birgitta Fritz (born January 1935) was a longtime associate professor (docent) of history at the Stockholm University. In 1972, she completed her Ph.D. thesis \"Hus, land och län. Förvaltningen i Sverige 1250-1434\", (\"House, country and county. Administration in Sweden 1250-1434\") which became one of the most important works concerning Swedish history.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Gypsy Chief", "paragraph_text": "The Gypsy Chief (German: Der Zigeunerprimas) is a 1929 German silent drama film directed by Carl Wilhelm and starring Paul Heidemann, Margarete Schlegel and Fritz Schulz. It is an adaptation of the 1912 operetta \"Der Zigeunerprimas\" composed by Emmerich Kálmán with a libretto by and Fritz Grünbaum. Robert A. Dietrich worked as the film's art director.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Robert C. Fritz", "paragraph_text": "Robert C. Fritz (1920 in Toledo, Ohio – April 9, 1986 in Los Angeles, California) was an American ceramics and glass artist and professor at San Jose State University in California. As a major player in America’s mid 20th century studio glass movement, Dr. Robert Fritz is remembered for his contributions to the world of art.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of hospitals in Romania", "paragraph_text": "The list below is a database that contains hospitals in Romania. All public hospitals receive funding from the Ministry of Health. Romania has a universal healthcare system, hence all public hospitals are charge-free and available to each citizen of the European Union. There are 425 operational hospitals across the country. At the moment, there are 6.2 hospital beds available per 1000 citizens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Tiger of Eschnapur (1959 film)", "paragraph_text": "The Tiger of Eschnapur, or in original German, \"Der Tiger von Eschnapur\", is a 1959 West German-French-Italian adventure film directed by Fritz Lang. It is the first of two films comprising what has come to be known as \"Fritz Lang's Indian Epic\"; the other is \"The Indian Tomb\" \"(Das Indische Grabmal\"). Fritz Lang returned to Germany to direct these films, which together tell the story of a German architect, the Indian maharaja for whom he is supposed to build schools and hospitals, and the Eurasian dancer who comes between them.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Frankenstein (1931 film)", "paragraph_text": "In a European village, a young scientist, named Henry Frankenstein, and his assistant Fritz, a hunchback, piece together a human body, the parts of which have been collected from various sources, including stealing freshly buried bodies in a cemetery, and recently hanged criminals. Frankenstein desires to create human life through electrical devices which he has perfected. He sends Fritz to a school where Dr. Waldman, Henry's old medical professor, teaches, to steal a brain; Fritz drops the normal brain and has to take the brain of a criminal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Fritz Gegauf", "paragraph_text": "Fritz Gegauf was born on 5 April 1893 at Steckborn, Switzerland. From 1910 until 1914, he made a mechanics apprenticeship in his fathers sewing machine factory at Steckborn. He was awarded a patent for a hemstitch sewing machine. In 1920 he got married to Hermine Meienhofer, daughter of the baker Hermann Meienhofer. From then until 1923 he worked for the sewing machine factory Athos in Paris. After the death of his father in 1926 he ran the family business together with his brother Gustav as \"Fritz Gegauf's Söhne\". The factory moved with its 35 employees to newly built premises in 1929. When sales of the industrial hemstitch sewing machines dropped in the early 1930s, he formed in 1932—in cooperation with Wilhelm Brütsch—the Bernina Sewing Machine Factory which produced sewing machines for the home. Technical innovations brought about the rapid growth of the company in the post-war years. Until 1975 Gegauf was on the board of directors, becoming honorary president thereafter.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Meet the Robinsons", "paragraph_text": "Ethan Sandler as: DOR - 15 (Doris) Uncle Fritz (and Aunt Petunia) Spike and Dimitri Cousin Laszlo The CEO of InventCo", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "1989 DFB-Supercup", "paragraph_text": "The match was played at the Fritz-Walter-Stadion, Kaiserslautern, and contested by league champions Bayern Munich and cup winners Borussia Dortmund.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Child labour", "paragraph_text": "As in many other countries, child labour in Switzerland affected among the so-called Kaminfegerkinder (\"chimney sweep children\") and chidren working p.e. in spinning mills, factories and in agriculture in 19th-century Switzerland, but also to the 1960s so-called Verdingkinder (literally: \"contract children\" or \"indentured child laborers\") were children who were taken from their parents, often due to poverty or moral reasons – usually mothers being unmarried, very poor citizens, of Gypsy–Yeniche origin, so-called Kinder der Landstrasse, etc. – and sent to live with new families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens", "paragraph_text": "Visa requirements for New Zealand citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of New Zealand. As of 1 January 2017, New Zealand citizens had visa - free or visa on arrival access to 172 countries and territories, ranking the New Zealand passport 5th in terms of travel freedom (tied with Irish and Japanese passports) according to the Henley visa restrictions index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Best of Fritz Leiber", "paragraph_text": "The Best of Fritz Leiber is a collection of short stories by American writer Fritz Leiber. It was first published in the United Kingdom by Sphere Books in paperback in May 1974, and in the United States in hardcover by Doubleday in June 1974; a British hardcover and American paperback followed in November of the same year from Sidgwick & Jackson and Ballantine Books, respectively. The Sphere edition was reprinted in June 1977, and the Ballantine edition in September 1979.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "French passport", "paragraph_text": "French citizens can live and work in any country within the EU as a result of the right of free movement and residence granted in Article 21 of the EU Treaty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Fritz Rehn", "paragraph_text": "Fritz Rehn (3 August 1874 – 18 September 1934) was a German lawyer and the first Judge-President of the Nazi People's Court.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 102127, "question": "Of which country is Fritz Gegauf a citizen?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 27337, "question": "Who was sent to #1 ?", "answer": "Mohieddin", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (released in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone) is a 2001 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on the novel of the same name by J.K. Rowling. The film is the first instalment in the long - running Harry Potter film series, and was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman. Its story follows Harry Potter's first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as he discovers that he is a famous wizard and begins his education. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bonnie Wright", "paragraph_text": "Bonnie Francesca Wright (born 17 February 1991) is a British actress, film director and model. She is best known for playing the role of Ginny Weasley in the Harry Potter film series, based on the Harry Potter novel series by British author J.K. Rowling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Harry Potter (film series)", "paragraph_text": "Motion Picture Director Writer Producer (s) Composer Novel by J.K. Rowling Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Chris Columbus Steve Kloves David Heyman John Williams Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Alfonso Cuarón Chris Columbus, David Heyman & Mark Radcliffe Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Mike Newell David Heyman Patrick Doyle Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix David Yates Michael Goldenberg David Heyman & David Barron Nicholas Hooper Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince Steve Kloves Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 1 David Heyman, David Barron & J.K. Rowling Alexandre Desplat Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Draco Malfoy", "paragraph_text": "Draco Lucius Malfoy is a character in J. K. Rowling's \"Harry Potter\" series. He is a student in Harry Potter's year belonging in the Slytherin house. He is frequently accompanied by his two cronies, Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle, who act as henchmen. Draco is characterised as a cowardly bully who manipulates and hurts people to get what he wants; nevertheless, he is a cunning user of magic. He was played by Tom Felton in the Harry Potter film series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film)", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 2003 novel of the same name. The fifth instalment in the \"Harry Potter\" film series, it was written by Michael Goldenberg (making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron. The story follows Harry Potter's fifth year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort's return.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Fictional universe of Harry Potter", "paragraph_text": "The fictional universe of British author J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series of fantasy novels comprises two distinct societies: the Wizarding World and the Muggle world. In the novels, the Muggle world is the world inhabited by the non-magical majority, with which the Wizarding world exists coextensively, albeit mostly remaining hidden from the non-magical humans. The plot of the series is set in 1990s Britain, but in a veiled and separate shadow society wherein magic is commonly used and practised, and those who can use it live in self - enforced seclusion, hiding their abilities from the rest of the world. The term ``Wizarding World ''refers to the global wizard community that lives hidden in parallel with the Muggle world; the different terms refer to different communities within the same area rather than separate planets or worlds. Any new works taking place in this universe are released under the`` J.K. Rowling's Wizarding World'' brand.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "French and Indian War", "paragraph_text": "The outcome was one of the most significant developments in a century of Anglo-French conflict. France ceded its territory east of the Mississippi to Great Britain. It ceded French Louisiana west of the Mississippi River (including New Orleans) to its ally Spain, in compensation for Spain's loss to Britain of Florida (Spain had ceded this to Britain in exchange for the return of Havana, Cuba). France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean was reduced to the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, confirming Britain's position as the dominant colonial power in eastern North America.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (film)", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (released in the United States, India and Pakistan as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone) is a 2001 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It is based on J. K. Rowling's 1997 novel of the same name. The film is the first instalment of the \"Harry Potter\" film series and was written by Steve Kloves and produced by David Heyman. Its story follows Harry Potter's first year at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry as he discovers that he is a famous wizard and begins his education. The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter, with Rupert Grint as Ron Weasley, and Emma Watson as Hermione Granger.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Wrockstock", "paragraph_text": "Wrockstock was a yearly music festival featuring wizard rock, music inspired by the world of Harry Potter. Its name is a play on the music festival Woodstock. Wrockstock was first held in 2007. Organized by Abby Hupp, it was the first large Wizard Rock gathering of its kind that was not part of a general Harry Potter fan conference. It took place at the YMCA summer camp near Ozark, Missouri. The first year it was titled \"WRockstock Spooktacular\". It doubled as a fundraiser for the Harry Potter Alliance, a charitable foundation run by Harry Potter fans. Its final festival was in 2013.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is a fantasy novel written by British author J.K. Rowling and the seventh and final novel of the Harry Potter series. The book was released on 21 July 2007, ending the series that began in 1997 with the publication of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. It was published by Bloomsbury Publishing in the United Kingdom, in the United States by Scholastic, and in Canada by Raincoast Books. The novel chronicles the events directly following Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince (2005), and the final confrontation between the wizards Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince is the sixth book in the Harry Potter series. The first book in the series, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was first published by Bloomsbury in 1997, with an initial print - run of 500 copies in hardback, 300 of which were distributed to libraries. By the end of 1997, the UK edition won a National Book Award and a gold medal in the 9 - to 11 - year - olds category of the Nestlé Smarties Book Prize. The second book, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, was originally published in the UK on 2 July 1998 and in the US on 2 June 1999. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban was then published a year later in the UK on 8 July 1999 and in the US on 8 September 1999. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire was published on 8 July 2000 at the same time by Bloomsbury and Scholastic. Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, the longest novel in the Harry Potter series, was released 21 June 2003. After the publishing of Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince, the seventh and final novel, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, was released 21 July 2007. The book sold 11 million copies within 24 hours of its release: 2.7 million copies in the UK and 8.3 million in the US.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Bonnie Wright", "paragraph_text": "Bonnie Francesca Wright (born 17 February 1991) is a British actress, film director, screenwriter, model and producer. She is best known for playing the role of Ginny Weasley in the Harry Potter film series, based on the Harry Potter novel series by British author J.K. Rowling.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them", "paragraph_text": "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them is a 2001 book written by British author J.K. Rowling (under the pen name of the fictitious author Newt Scamander) about the magical creatures in the Harry Potter universe. The original version purports to be Harry Potter's copy of the textbook of the same name mentioned in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (or Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the US), the first novel of the Harry Potter series. It includes several notes inside it supposedly handwritten by Harry, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger, detailing their own experiences with some of the beasts described, and including in - jokes relating to the original series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Tales of Beedle the Bard", "paragraph_text": "The Tales of Beedle the Bard is a book of children's stories by British author J.K. Rowling. There is a storybook of the same name mentioned in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, the last book of the Harry Potter series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Potter Puppet Pals", "paragraph_text": "Potter Puppet Pals is a puppet show web series parodying the \"Harry Potter\" novel series by JK Rowling, created by Neil Cicierega.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Harry Potter (film series)", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter is a British - American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J.K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 (2011). A spin - off prequel series will consist of five films, starting with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016). The Fantastic Beasts films mark the beginning of a shared media franchise known as J.K. Rowling's Wizarding World.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Forbidden Journey is a motion - based dark ride located in The Wizarding World of Harry Potter themed areas of Islands of Adventure in Orlando, Florida, Universal Studios Hollywood in Universal City, California, and Universal Studios Japan in Osaka, Japan. The ride takes guests through scenes and environments in and around Hogwarts Castle from the Harry Potter series of books and films. Mark Woodbury, president of Universal Creative, described the ride as an in - depth look at the world of Harry Potter, which utilizes never - before - seen technology which transforms ``the theme park experience as you know it ''. The ride first opened at Islands of Adventure with The Wizarding World of Harry Potter on June 18, 2010, at Universal Studios Japan on July 15, 2014, and at Universal Studios Hollywood on April 7, 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows is a fantasy book written by British author J.K. Rowling and the seventh and final novel of the Harry Potter series. The book was released on 21 July 2007, ending the series that began in 1997 with the publication of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. It was published by Bloomsbury Publishing in the United Kingdom, in the United States by Scholastic, and in Canada by Raincoast Books. The novel chronicles the events directly following Harry Potter and the Half - Blood Prince (2005), and the final confrontation between the wizards Harry Potter and Lord Voldemort.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Harry Potter (film series)", "paragraph_text": "Harry Potter is a British - American film series based on the Harry Potter novels by author J.K. Rowling. The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and culminating with Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 (2011). A spin - off prequel series will consist of five films, starting with Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them (2016), marking the beginning of the Wizarding World shared media franchise.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Lord Voldemort", "paragraph_text": "Lord Voldemort (, in the films; born Tom Marvolo Riddle) is a fictional character and the main antagonist in J. K. Rowling's series of \"Harry Potter\" novels. Voldemort first appeared in \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", which was released in 1997. Voldemort appears either in person or in flashbacks in each book and its film adaptation in the series, except the third, \"Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban\", where he is only mentioned.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 71241, "question": "where does the harry potter series take place", "answer": "Britain", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 42360, "question": "What territory was ceded to #1 ?", "answer": "territory east of the Mississippi", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hampshire County, West Virginia", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $31,666, and the median income for a family was $37,616. Males had a median income of $28,884 versus $19,945 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,851. About 12.90% of families and 16.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.70% of those under age 18 and 13.10% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Johnson & Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Johnson & Johnson is an American multinational medical devices, pharmaceutical and consumer packaged goods manufacturing company founded in 1886. Its common stock is a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the company is listed among the Fortune 500.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Boston", "paragraph_text": "The median household income in Boston was $51,739, while the median income for a family was $61,035. Full-time year-round male workers had a median income of $52,544 versus $46,540 for full-time year-round female workers. The per capita income for the city was $33,158. 21.4% of the population and 16.0% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 28.8% of those under the age of 18 and 20.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Friend, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $34,833, and the median income for a family was $40,667. Males had a median income of $32,946 versus $17,829 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,422. About 4.9% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dow Jones Industrial Average", "paragraph_text": "The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), or simply the Dow (/ ˈdaʊ /), is a stock market index that shows how 30 large, publicly owned companies based in the United States have traded during a standard trading session in the stock market. The value of the Dow is not a weighted arithmetic mean and does not represent its component companies' market capitalization, but rather the sum of the price of one share of stock for each component company. The sum is corrected by a factor which changes whenever one of the component stocks has a stock split or stock dividend, so as to generate a consistent value for the index.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tanzania", "paragraph_text": "Market strategist Phil Dow believes distinctions exist \"between the current market malaise\" and the Great Depression. He says the Dow Jones average's fall of more than 50% over a period of 17 months is similar to a 54.7% fall in the Great Depression, followed by a total drop of 89% over the following 16 months. \"It's very troubling if you have a mirror image,\" said Dow. Floyd Norris, the chief financial correspondent of The New York Times, wrote in a blog entry in March 2009 that the decline has not been a mirror image of the Great Depression, explaining that although the decline amounts were nearly the same at the time, the rates of decline had started much faster in 2007, and that the past year had only ranked eighth among the worst recorded years of percentage drops in the Dow. The past two years ranked third, however.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Gray County, Texas", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $31,368, and the median income for a family was $40,019. Males had a median income of $32,401 versus $20,158 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,702. About 11.20% of families and 13.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.60% of those under age 18 and 9.60% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Atascosa County, Texas", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $33,081, and the median income for a family was $37,705. Males had a median income of $27,702 versus $18,810 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,276. About 16.10% of families and 20.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.60% of those under age 18 and 21.70% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "New Hope, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $46,795, and the median income for a family was $60,424. Males had a median income of $41,192 versus $29,454 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,562. About 4.1% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Richland County, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 384,504 people, 145,194 households, and 89,357 families residing in the county. The population density was 507.9 inhabitants per square mile (196.1/km2). There were 161,725 housing units at an average density of 213.6 per square mile (82.5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 47.3% white, 45.9% black or African American, 2.2% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 1.9% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 4.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 9.6% were German, 8.6% were English, 7.6% were Irish, and 7.1% were American.Of the 145,194 households, 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 17.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.5% were non-families, and 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.05. The median age was 32.6 years.The median income for a household in the county was $47,922 and the median income for a family was $61,622. Males had a median income of $42,453 versus $34,012 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,805. About 10.0% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.6% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Darlington County, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $31,087, and the median income for a family was $37,662. Males had a median income of $30,947 versus $20,998 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,283. About 16.40% of families and 20.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.70% of those under age 18 and 22.10% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Dow Jones Industrial Average", "paragraph_text": "The Dow Jones Industrial Average / ˌdaʊ ˈdʒoʊnz /, also called DJIA, the Industrial Average, the Dow Jones, the Dow Jones Industrial, ^ DJI, the Dow 30 or simply the Dow, is a stock market index, and one of several indices created by Wall Street Journal editor and Dow Jones & Company co-founder Charles Dow. The industrial average was first calculated on May 26, 1896. Currently owned by S&P Dow Jones Indices, which is majority owned by S&P Global, it is the most notable of the Dow Averages, of which the first (non-industrial) was originally published on February 16, 1885. The averages are named after Dow and one of his business associates, statistician Edward Jones. It is an index that shows how 30 large publicly owned companies based in the United States have traded during a standard trading session in the stock market. It is the second - oldest U.S. market index after the Dow Jones Transportation Average, which was also created by Dow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Milo Komenich", "paragraph_text": "During the 1949–50 season, Milo Komenich played in 64 games for the Anderson Packers, averaging 9.9 points per game. Komenich also played for the Fort Wayne Pistons of the National Basketball League and the Dow Chemical and 20th Century Fox teams of the AAU.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Household income in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Another common measurement of personal income is the mean household income. Unlike the median household income, which divides all households in two halves, the mean income is the average income earned by American households. In the case of mean income, the income of all households is divided by the number of all households. The mean income is usually more affected by the relatively unequal distribution of income which tilts towards the top. As a result, the mean tends to be higher than the median income, with the top earning households boosting it. Overall, the mean household income in the United States, according to the US Census Bureau 2014 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, was $72,641.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Fresno County, California", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $34,725, and the median income for a family was $38,455. Males had a median income of $33,375 versus $26,501 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,495. About 17.6% of families and 22.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 31.7% of those under age 18 and 9.9% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Juliaetta, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $33,295, and the median income for a family was $39,250. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $18,594 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,606. About 4.2% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Income in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "According to the OECD the average household net - adjusted disposable income per capita is $27,029 a year (in USD, ranked 14 / 36 OECD countries), the average household net financial wealth per capita is estimated at $60,778 (in USD, ranked 8 / 36), and the average net - adjusted disposable income of the top 20% of the population is an estimated $57,010 a year, whereas the bottom 20% live on an estimated $10,195 a year giving a ratio of 5.6 (in USD, ranked 25 / 36).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jim Dow", "paragraph_text": "Jim Dow (born 1942, Boston, Massachusetts) is an American photographer who specializes in photographing places. In the tradition of Walker Evans, Dow examines both high and low - baseball stadiums, universities, court houses, Americana, private clubs in New York. His detailed work is printed from 8×10″ negatives and brings the richness of texture and light to the forefront.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Willowgrove, Saskatoon", "paragraph_text": "Willowgrove is a primarily residential neighbourhood located in northeast Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It comprises a mix of mainly single-family detached houses and fewer multiple-unit dwellings. As of 2011, the area is home to 3,973 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a middle to high-income area, with an average family income of $96,002, an average dwelling value of $218,357 and a home ownership rate of 84.8%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Greenwood County, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the county was $34,702, and the median income for a family was $42,022. Males had a median income of $30,759 versus $23,820 for females. The per capita income for the county was $17,446. About 9.90% of families and 14.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.70% of those under age 18 and 14.10% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145250, "question": "Where was Jim Dow born?", "answer": "Boston", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 6862, "question": "What is the average family income in #1 ?", "answer": "$61,035", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ministry of Finance (Egypt)", "paragraph_text": "The Ministry of Finance of Egypt is part of the Cabinet of Egypt. It is responsible for increasing the rate of economic growth and job creation, thus contributing to raising the standard of living of the individual and society as a whole. The current minister is Amr El-Garhy. It is located in Ministry of Finance Towers, Nasr City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "BRICS is the acronym for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as ``BRIC ''(or`` the BRICs''), before the induction of South Africa in 2010. The BRICS members are all leading developing or newly industrialized countries, but they are distinguished by their large, sometimes fast - growing economies and significant influence on regional affairs; all five are G - 20 members. Since 2009, the BRICS nations have met annually at formal summits. China hosted the 9th BRICS summit in Xiamen on September 3rd, 4th and 5th, 2017. The term does not include countries such as South Korea, Mexico and Turkey for which other acronyms and group associations were later created.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Per Stig Møller", "paragraph_text": "Per Stig Møller is the son of the former Finance Minister Poul Møller and journalist Lis Møller, who were both Members of Parliament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Emmanuel Kasonde", "paragraph_text": "Emmanuel Kasonde (December 23, 1935 – December 12, 2008) was a Zambian economist and politician who served as the Finance permanent secretary or Minister of Finance under three successive Zambian presidential administrations, including Kenneth Kaunda, Frederick Chiluba and Levy Mwanawasa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca", "paragraph_text": "François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca (27 June 1796 – 24 May 1881) was a French aristocrat, lawyer and politician who served as Minister of Agriculture and Commerce, Minister of Finance and then", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Minister of Finance (Sri Lanka)", "paragraph_text": "Minister of Finance of Sri Lanka Incumbent Mangala Samaraweera since 22 May 2017 Ministry of Finance and Planning Appointer The President with advice of Prime Minister Inaugural holder Junius Richard Jayewardene Formation 26 September 1947 Website www.treasury.gov.lk", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "BRICS", "paragraph_text": "In 2010, South Africa began efforts to join the BRIC grouping, and the process for its formal admission began in August of that year. South Africa officially became a member nation on 24 December 2010, after being formally invited by China to join and subsequently accepted by other BRIC countries. The group was renamed BRICS – with the \"S\" standing for South Africa – to reflect the group's expanded membership. In April 2011, the President of South Africa, Jacob Zuma, attended the 2011 BRICS summit in Sanya, China, as a full member.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Walter Romberg", "paragraph_text": "Walter Romberg (27 December 1928 – 23 May 2014) was a German politician who was the last finance minister of East Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Saada Salum", "paragraph_text": "Saada Mkuya Salum (born 1975) is a Tanzanian CCM politician and a nominated Member of Parliament. She is a former Minister of Finance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Leslie Delatour", "paragraph_text": "Leslie Delatour (1950–2001) was a Haitian economist who served as governor of the Bank of Haiti and Haiti's finance minister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Minister of Finance (India)", "paragraph_text": "Minister of Finance Emblem of India Incumbent Arun Jaitley since 26 May 2014 Ministry of Finance Style The Honourable Member of Cabinet Cabinet Committee on Security Appointer President on the advice of the Prime Minister Inaugural holder Liaquat Ali Khan Formation 29 October 1946", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Samoa", "paragraph_text": "The unicameral legislature (the Fono) consists of 49 members serving 5-year terms. Forty-seven are matai title-holders elected from territorial districts by Samoans; the other two are chosen by non-Samoans with no chiefly affiliation on separate electoral rolls. Universal suffrage was adopted in 1990, but only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Samoan seats. There are more than 25,000 matais in the country, about 5% of whom are women. The prime minister, chosen by a majority in the Fono, is appointed by the head of state to form a government. The prime minister's choices for the 12 cabinet positions are appointed by the head of state, subject to the continuing confidence of the Fono.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ivan Pilip", "paragraph_text": "Ivan Pilip (born 4 August 1963 in Prague) is a Czech politician and economist who was Finance Minister from June 1997 to July 1998, after having been the Minister of Education, Youth and Sport from 1994 to 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Michel Audet", "paragraph_text": "Michel Audet (born November 12, 1940) is an economist and a politician in Quebec, Canada. He was the Finance Minister of Quebec in the first Charest government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Erling Sandberg", "paragraph_text": "Sandberg still held his offices in 1940, when the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany started. On 25 September 1940, when Josef Terboven assumed full power in the country, Sandberg was named as Minister of Finance. The Norwegian Fascist party Nasjonal Samling had some influence in naming the cabinet ministers, but Sandberg was one of the non-political cabinet members (together with Sigurd Johannessen and Øystein Ravner) as demanded by \"Reichskommissariat Norwegen\". Sandberg was persuaded to join the cabinet, and later supported in daily affairs, by \"Reichskommissariat\" since he wanted to limit the cabinet's financial spendings, especially that of the Ministry of the Interior. At the same time Sandberg was not a member of Nasjonal Samling, and was not chosen when Quisling formed his cabinet on 1 February 1942. Instead he became a high-ranking servant in the Ministry of Finance and Customs. He left on a sick leave on 11 March 1943, and lost the position on 15 September.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Abdessalam Jalloud", "paragraph_text": "Abdessalam Jalloud () (born 15 December 1944) was Prime Minister of Libya from 16 July 1972 to 2 March 1977, during the government of Muammar Gaddafi. He was also Minister of Finance from 1970 until 1972.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Ahmet Uzun", "paragraph_text": "Ahmet Uzun is the Minister of Finance in the Government of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a non-recognized state. He was appointed to this portfolio in the TRNC Government of Prime Minister Ferdi Sabit Soyer on April 28, 2005.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "7th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "7th BRICS Summit VII саммит БРИКС Host country Russia Date 8 -- 9 July 2015 Cities Ufa, Bashkortostan Participants BRICS Follows 6th BRICS summit Precedes 8th BRICS summit Website en.brics2015.ru", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "9th BRICS summit", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 BRICS summit was the ninth annual BRICS summit, an international relations conference attended by the heads of state or heads of government of the five member states Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The summit was held in Xiamen, China, the second time the China has hosted the summit after the 2011 summit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "António Sebastião Spínola", "paragraph_text": "António Sebastião Spínola (Machico, Porto da Cruz, 13 July 1875 – Machico, Porto da Cruz, 19 March 1956) was an Inspector General of Finances and Chief of Cabinet of the Finance Minister Professor Oliveira Salazar and afterwards of Finance Minister Professor João Pinto da Costa Leite, 4th Conde de Lumbrales, Councilor and Administrator of the \"Fundação da Casa de Bragança\", etc.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 58747, "question": "who has been chosen as the fifth country of brics", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 82551, "question": "whose the minister of finance in #1", "answer": "Nhlanhla Nene", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Georgi Todorov (weightlifter)", "paragraph_text": "Georgi Todorov (, born December 4, 1952) is a retired Bulgarian weightlifter who won the silver medal in the featherweight class at the 1976 Summer Olympics. Furthermore, he's been two times World weightlifting champion and three times European weightlifting champion. Honorary citizen of the city of Varna.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Boll Weevil Monument", "paragraph_text": "The Boll Weevil Monument in downtown Enterprise, Alabama, United States is a prominent landmark and tribute erected by the citizens of Enterprise in 1919 to show their appreciation to an insect, the boll weevil, for its profound influence on the area's agriculture and economy. Hailing the beetle as a ``herald of prosperity, ''it stands as the world's first monument built to honor an agricultural pest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Japan", "paragraph_text": "Japan is a member of the ASEAN Plus mechanism, UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20, and is considered a great power. Its economy is the world's third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Leopold Gratz", "paragraph_text": "In 1979, Leopold Gratz was named a Knight of the Grand Cross of the Order of Saint Silvester by Pope John Paul II. In 1995, Leopold Gratz was officially made an Honorary Citizen of Vienna, the capital of the Republic of Austria. In 2010, a square behind the Austrian parliament in downtown Vienna was named after Leopold Gratz (Leopold-Gratz-Square).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Himachal Pradesh", "paragraph_text": "The economy of Himachal Pradesh is currently the third-fastest growing economy in India.[citation needed] Himachal Pradesh has been ranked fourth in the list of the highest per capita incomes of Indian states. This has made it one of the wealthiest places in the entire South Asia. Abundance of perennial rivers enables Himachal to sell hydroelectricity to other states such as Delhi, Punjab, and Rajasthan. The economy of the state is highly dependent on three sources: hydroelectric power, tourism, and agriculture.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Honorary citizenship of the United States", "paragraph_text": "Number Name Image Award date Information Sir Winston Churchill 1963 Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, notably during World War II. Raoul Wallenberg 1981 (awarded posthumously) Swedish diplomat who rescued Jews from the Holocaust 3 and 4 William Penn November 28, 1984 (awarded posthumously) Founder of the Province of Pennsylvania Hannah Callowhill Penn Administrator of the Province of Pennsylvania, second wife of William Penn 5 Mother Teresa Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta 6 Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette 2002 (awarded posthumously) A Frenchman who was an officer in the American Revolutionary War 7 Casimir Pulaski 2009 (awarded posthumously) Polish military officer who fought and died for the United States against the British during the American Revolutionary War; notable politician and member of the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth nobility, American Brigadier General who has been called ``The Father of the American Cavalry ''and died during the Siege of Savannah (Georgia). Remembered as a national hero both in Poland and in the United States of America. 8 Bernardo de Gálvez, Viscount of Galveston 2014 (awarded posthumously) A Spaniard who was a hero of the American Revolutionary War who risked his life for the freedom of the United States people and provided supplies, intelligence, and strong military support to the war effort, who was wounded during the Siege of Pensacola, demonstrating bravery that forever endeared him to the United States soldiers. The King of Spain Carlos III granted him the right to the motto YO SOLO (I ALONE) for his coat of arms", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "France", "paragraph_text": "The monarchy reached its peak during the 17th century and the reign of Louis XIV. By turning powerful feudal lords into courtiers at the Palace of Versailles, Louis XIV's personal power became unchallenged. Remembered for his numerous wars, he made France the leading European power. France became the most populous country in Europe and had tremendous influence over European politics, economy, and culture. French became the most-used language in diplomacy, science, literature and international affairs, and remained so until the 20th century. France obtained many overseas possessions in the Americas, Africa and Asia. Louis XIV also revoked the Edict of Nantes, forcing thousands of Huguenots into exile.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "First Great Awakening", "paragraph_text": "The Great Awakening or First Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival that swept Protestant Europe and British America in the 1730s and 1740s. An evangelical and revitalization movement, it left a permanent impact on American Protestantism. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep personal revelation of their need of salvation by Jesus Christ. The Great Awakening pulled away from ritual, ceremony, sacramentalism, and hierarchy, and made Christianity intensely personal to the average person by fostering a deep sense of spiritual conviction and redemption, and by encouraging introspection and a commitment to a new standard of personal morality.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Eduard Stehlík", "paragraph_text": "He graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy at Charles University, and has worked at the Institute for Military History since 1989, focusing on Czechoslovak military history. He has also cooperated with Czech television. He was declared an honorary citizen of Lidice on 27 October 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Fred Hollows", "paragraph_text": "Hollows was originally a New Zealand citizen. He declined the award of honorary Officer of the Order of Australia in 1985. He adopted Australian citizenship in 1989 and was named Australian of the Year in 1990. He accepted the substantive award of Companion of the Order of Australia in 1991.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next \"BRIC-like\" economies. It is also listed among the \"Next Eleven\" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of countries by GDP (nominal)", "paragraph_text": "The United States is the world's largest economy with a GDP of approximately $19.39 trillion, notably due to high average incomes, a large population, capital investment, moderate unemployment, high consumer spending, a relatively young population, and technological innovation. Tuvalu is the world's smallest national economy, with a GDP of about $32 million, because of its very small population, a lack of natural resources, reliance on foreign aid, negligible capital investment, demographic problems, and low average incomes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Order of the British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Honorary knighthoods are appointed to citizens of nations where Queen Elizabeth II is not Head of State, and may permit use of post-nominal letters but not the title of Sir or Dame. Occasionally honorary appointees are, incorrectly, referred to as Sir or Dame - Bill Gates or Bob Geldof, for example. Honorary appointees who later become a citizen of a Commonwealth realm can convert their appointment from honorary to substantive, then enjoy all privileges of membership of the order including use of the title of Sir and Dame for the senior two ranks of the Order. An example is Irish broadcaster Terry Wogan, who was appointed an honorary Knight Commander of the Order in 2005 and on successful application for dual British and Irish citizenship was made a substantive member and subsequently styled as \"Sir Terry Wogan KBE\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "South Asia", "paragraph_text": "India is the largest & fastest growing economy in the region (US $2.180 trillion) and makes up almost 82% of the South Asian economy; it is the world's 7th largest in nominal terms and 3rd largest by purchasing power adjusted exchange rates (US $8.020 trillion). India is the only member of powerful G - 20 major economies and BRICS from the region. It is the fastest growing major economy in the world and one of the world's fastest registering a growth of 7.3% in FY 2014 -- 15. Pakistan has the next largest economy ($250 billion) and the 5th highest GDP per capita in the region, followed by Bangladesh and then by Sri Lanka which has the 2nd highest per capita and is the 4th largest economy in the region. According to a World Bank report in 2015, driven by a strong expansion in India, coupled with favorable oil prices, from the last quarter of 2014 South Asia become the fastest - growing region in the world", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sedat Alp", "paragraph_text": "Outside Turkey, Prof. Alp was awarded the Italian Commandatore of the Order of Merit of the Republic in 1957, the Order of Merit of the Presidency of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1972, the French College of France medal in 1980, the German Great Cross of Merit with star and the Grande Ufficiale Order of Merit of the Italian Presidency of the Republic in 1991. From 1997 he held an honorary doctorate at the University of Würzburg, and from the following year was made a member of the British Academy and, for the contributions he made to the promotion of knowledge on the region's historical treasures, an honorary citizen of the city of Çorum in north-central Anatolia, where the Hittite capital was situated. He died in Ankara.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Szymon Szurmiej", "paragraph_text": "Szymon Symcha Szurmiej (18 June 1923 − 16 July 2014) was a Polish actor, director, and general manager of the Ester Rachel Kamińska and Ida Kamińska State Jewish Theater in Warsaw. He was a director of the Yiddish Theater of Warsaw. Since July 2004, he has been an honorary citizen of Warsaw. Member of the World Jewish Congress.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Great power", "paragraph_text": "Japan and Germany are great powers too, though due to their large advanced economies (having the third and fourth largest economies respectively) rather than their strategic and hard power capabilities (i.e., the lack of permanent seats and veto power on the UN Security Council or strategic military reach). Germany has been a member together with the five permanent Security Council members in the P5+1 grouping of world powers. Like China, France, Russia and the United Kingdom; Germany and Japan have also been referred to as middle powers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Carl Emil Schorske", "paragraph_text": "Carl Emil Schorske (March 15, 1915 – September 13, 2015), known professionally as Carl E. Schorske, was an American cultural historian and professor emeritus at Princeton University. In 1981 he won the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction for his book \"\" (1980), which remains significant to modern European intellectual history. He was a recipient of the first year of MacArthur Fellows Program awards in 1981 and made an honorary citizen of Vienna in 2012. He turned 100 in March 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Craig Breedlove", "paragraph_text": "Craig Breedlove (born March 23, 1937) is an American professional race car driver and a five-time world land speed record holder. He was the first person in history to reach , and , using several turbojet-powered vehicles, all named \"Spirit of America\".", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 79765, "question": "who has the most powerful economy in the world", "answer": "The United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 89294, "question": "first person to be made an honorary citizen of #1", "answer": "Sir Winston Churchill", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[ "Winston Churchill" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Mark Davis (American football)", "paragraph_text": "Mark Davis (born 1954 or 1955) is the principal owner and managing general partner of the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "History of the Los Angeles Raiders", "paragraph_text": "The professional American football team now known as the Oakland Raiders played in Los Angeles, California from 1982 to 1994 before relocating back to Oakland. This article chronicles the team's history during their time as the Los Angeles Raiders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "National Heads-Up Poker Championship", "paragraph_text": "The National Heads-Up Poker Championship was an annual poker tournament held in the United States and produced by the NBC television network. It is a $25,000 \"buy-in\" invitation-only tournament organized as a series of one-on-one games of no limit Texas hold 'em matches. The participants include many of the world's most successful poker players, as well as celebrities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2018 World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 World Series of Poker (WSOP) will take place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All Suite Hotel and Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There will be a record 78 bracelet events. The $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event will begin on July 2 and conclude on July 14. Unlike previous years the Main Event will not be the final event to conclude, with 13 tournaments scheduled after it. The $1,000,000 Big One for One Drop will also be held at the WSOP for the first time since 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Brent Carter", "paragraph_text": "Brent R. Carter (born September 28, 1948) is an American professional poker player from Oak Park, Illinois who has won two World Series of Poker bracelets. He lives in Oak Park, IL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Poker Star", "paragraph_text": "The Poker Star is an Australian reality game show broadcast on One from 26 September 2009. It is created and hosted by former World Series of Poker Champion Joe Hachem, who will also act as judge and mentor to the contestants. New Zealand poker champion Lee Nelson will also appear as a judge. The series is sponsored by PokerStars.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge", "paragraph_text": "World Series of Poker: Pro Challenge is a poker game (texas hold 'em) by Glu Mobile for mobile phones and the N-Gage 2.0 platform.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Tom McEvoy", "paragraph_text": "Thomas K. McEvoy (born November 14, 1944 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.) is a professional poker player, author and member of the Poker Hall of Fame. He is best known for his win in the 1983 World Series of Poker main event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The idea of a World Series of Poker began in 1969 with an event called the Texas Gambling Reunion. It was an invitational event sponsored by Tom Moore of San Antonio, Texas, and held at the Holiday Hotel and Casino in Reno. This inaugural event was won by Crandell Addington. The set of tournaments that the World Series of Poker (WSOP) would evolve into was the brainchild of Las Vegas casino owner and poker player Benny Binion. In 1970, the first WSOP at Binion's Horseshoe took place as a series of cash games that included five - card stud, deuce to seven low - ball draw, razz, seven - card stud, and Texas hold 'em. The format for the Main Event as a freeze - out Texas hold' em game came the next year. The winner in 1970, Johnny Moss, was elected by his peers as the first ``World Champion of Poker ''and received a silver cup as a prize.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Paul Wasicka", "paragraph_text": "Paul J. Wasicka (born February 17, 1981 in Dallas, Texas) is a professional poker player, based in Denver, Colorado who was the runner-up at the 2006 World Series of Poker Main Event and the winner of the 2007 NBC National Heads-Up Poker Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Biggest Game in Town", "paragraph_text": "In 1983, Al Alvarez published, The Biggest Game in Town, a book detailing the 1981 World Series of Poker event. The first book of its kind, it described the world of professional poker players and the World Series of Poker. It is credited with beginning the genre of poker literature and with bringing Texas Hold'em (and poker generally), for the first time, to a wider audience.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2017 World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 World Series of Poker was the 48th annual World Series of Poker (WSOP). It took place from May 30 - July 17 at the Rio All - Suite Hotel & Casino in Las Vegas, Nevada. There was a record 74 bracelet events including the third edition of the $565 Colossus tournament and the $10,000 No Limit Hold'em Main Event, which began on July 8.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2016 Oakland Raiders season", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 Oakland Raiders season was the 57th overall of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 47th season in the National Football League, their 23th season since their return to Oakland, and the second under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders improved on a 7 -- 9 campaign in 2015 and finished with a winning record for the first time since 2002, finishing the regular season with a 12 -- 4 record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "World Championship Poker", "paragraph_text": "World Championship Poker is a series of poker video games first developed by Coresoft and released in 2005 by Crave Entertainment. The series capitalizes on the recent popularity of poker due to the successful World Series of Poker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "On March 6, 2017, the Raiders revealed that Bank of America would be replacing Sheldon Adelson's portion of the funding for the new stadium in Las Vegas. On March 27, 2017, the National Football League officially approved the Raiders move from Oakland to Las Vegas in a 31 -- 1 vote, ensuring them a new stadium in the process. However, even though the Raiders were approved to move to Las Vegas, the club will still play the 2017 and 2018 NFL seasons at the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum and still be known as the Oakland Raiders so as long as they play in the San Francisco Bay Area. About one thousand season ticket holders asked for and received refunds after the move to Las Vegas was announced. Their tickets were sold to other fans within hours, and the Raiders' 53,250 season tickets were all sold out by late May.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "World Series of Poker", "paragraph_text": "The World Series of Poker (WSOP) is a series of poker tournaments held annually in Las Vegas and, since 2005, sponsored by Caesars Entertainment Corporation (known as Harrah's Entertainment until 2010). It dates its origins to 1970, when Benny Binion invited seven of the best - known poker players to the Horseshoe Casino for a single tournament, with a set start and stop time, and a winner determined by a secret ballot of the seven players.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 Oakland Raiders season", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Oakland Raiders season is the 58th overall season of the Oakland Raiders franchise, the franchise's 48th season in the National Football League, their 24th season since their return to Oakland, and the third under head coach Jack Del Rio. The Raiders are looking to win their first AFC West title since 2002 and the Super Bowl for the first time since 1983, when the club was still in Los Angeles. The Raiders began the season on September 10 at the Tennessee Titans and will finish the season December 31 at the Los Angeles Chargers. The Raiders, as they did in 2016, will play one home game in Mexico City, this time against the New England Patriots.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Broncos–Raiders rivalry", "paragraph_text": "Date Winner Result Location October 22, 1973 Tie 23 -- 23 Denver December 8, 1975 Oakland Raiders 17 -- 10 Oakland December 1, 1980 Oakland Raiders 9 -- 3 Oakland October 12, 1987 Denver Broncos 30 -- 14 Denver September 25, 1988 Los Angeles Raiders 30 -- 27 (OT) Denver October 18, 1993 Los Angeles Raiders 23 -- 20 Denver October 16, 1995 Denver Broncos 27 -- 0 Denver November 4, 1996 Denver Broncos 22 -- 21 Oakland November 24, 1997 Denver Broncos 31 -- 3 Denver November 22, 1999 Denver Broncos 27 -- 21 (OT) Denver November 13, 2000 Denver Broncos 27 -- 24 Denver November 5, 2001 Oakland Raiders 38 -- 28 Oakland November 11, 2002 Oakland Raiders 34 -- 10 Denver September 22, 2003 Denver Broncos 31 -- 10 Denver September 8, 2008 Denver Broncos 41 -- 14 Oakland September 12, 2011 Oakland Raiders 23 -- 20 Denver September 23, 2013 Denver Broncos 37 -- 21 Denver", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "The Oakland Raiders relocation to Las Vegas was a successful effort by the owner of the Oakland Raiders (Mark Davis) to relocate the American football club from its current and longtime home of Oakland, California to Las Vegas, Nevada. The team is scheduled to begin play as the Las Vegas Raiders for the 2020 National Football League (NFL) season (although a move to Las Vegas could happen as soon as 2019 with Sam Boyd Stadium), playing home games at the Las Vegas Stadium. NFL team owners voted 31 -- 1 to approve the move, which was announced at the annual league meetings in Phoenix, Arizona on March 27, 2017. The Raiders became the third NFL franchise to relocate in the 2010s, following the Rams' move from St. Louis, Missouri to Los Angeles, California on January 12, 2016, and the Chargers' move from San Diego, California to Los Angeles on January 12, 2017. The Raiders' move to Las Vegas comes after years of failed efforts to renovate or replace the Oakland -- Alameda County Coliseum, which has been rated by multiple sources as one of the worst stadiums in the NFL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Brad Lekkerkerker", "paragraph_text": "Brad Lekkerkerker (born May 8, 1978, in Upland, California) is an offensive tackle who formerly played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He was originally acquired as a free agent in 2004 by the Houston Texans then was on and off the Oakland Raiders roster. Lekkerkerker was allocated to NFL Europe in 2006 then placed on the Reserve/Retired List by the Raiders on July 26, 2006. He played collegiately at the University of California, Davis. Lekkerkerker is the older brother of free agent lineman Cory Lekkerkerker.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 50578, "question": "where does the world series of poker take place", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 59934, "question": "when are the oakland raiders going to #1", "answer": "March 27, 2017", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Antarctic Plate", "paragraph_text": "The Antarctic Plate is a tectonic plate containing the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and extending outward under the surrounding oceans. After breakup from Gondwana (the southern part of the supercontinent Pangea), the Antarctic plate began moving the continent of Antarctica south to its present isolated location causing the continent to develop a much colder climate. The Antarctic Plate is bounded almost entirely by extensional mid-ocean ridge systems. The adjoining plates are the Nazca Plate, the South American Plate, the African Plate, the Somali Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and, across a transform boundary, the Scotia Plate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Santa Marta Formation", "paragraph_text": "The Santa Marta Formation is a geologic formation in Antarctica. It, along with the Hanson Formation and the Snow Hill Island Formation, are the only formations yet known on the continent where dinosaur fossils have been found. The formation outcrops on James Ross Island off the coast of the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. In its entirety, the Santa Marta Formation is on average one kilometer thick.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Jabur", "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Antarctica", "paragraph_text": "Antarctica (US English i/æntˈɑːrktɪkə/, UK English /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14,000,000 square kilometres (5,400,000 square miles), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages 1.9 km (1.2 mi; 6,200 ft) in thickness, which extends to all but the northernmost reaches of the Antarctic Peninsula.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Playa Balandra", "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ancient Greece", "paragraph_text": "Eventually Greek colonization reached as far northeast as present day Ukraine and Russia (Taganrog). To the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily and Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica, and even northeastern Spain. Greek colonies were also founded in Egypt and Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge", "paragraph_text": "Monte Vista National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in southern Colorado. The refuge is located in the San Luis Valley south of the town of Monte Vista, Colorado in southeastern Rio Grande County, Colorado, in the watershed of the Rio Grande. It was established in 1953 by the Migratory Bird Conservation Commission to provide a habitat for wildlife, particularly waterfowl, in the San Luis Valley.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Monte Hacho", "paragraph_text": "Monte Hacho is a low mountain that overlooks the Spanish city of Ceuta, on the north coast of Africa. Monte Hacho is positioned on the Mediterranean coast at the Strait of Gibraltar opposite Gibraltar, and along with the Rock of Gibraltar is claimed by some to be one of the Pillars of Hercules (the other candidate for the southern pillar being Jebel Musa). According to the legend Hercules pushed apart the two mountains and created a link between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company had founded the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 as a way station for its ships travelling to and from its colonies in the East Indies. Britain formally acquired the colony, and its large Afrikaner (or Boer) population in 1806, having occupied it in 1795 to prevent its falling into French hands, following the invasion of the Netherlands by France. British immigration began to rise after 1820, and pushed thousands of Boers, resentful of British rule, northwards to found their own—mostly short-lived—independent republics, during the Great Trek of the late 1830s and early 1840s. In the process the Voortrekkers clashed repeatedly with the British, who had their own agenda with regard to colonial expansion in South Africa and with several African polities, including those of the Sotho and the Zulu nations. Eventually the Boers established two republics which had a longer lifespan: the South African Republic or Transvaal Republic (1852–77; 1881–1902) and the Orange Free State (1854–1902). In 1902 Britain occupied both republics, concluding a treaty with the two Boer Republics following the Second Boer War (1899–1902).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Alps", "paragraph_text": "The highest portion of the range is divided by the glacial trough of the Rhone valley, with the Pennine Alps from Mont Blanc to the Matterhorn and Monte Rosa on the southern side, and the Bernese Alps on the northern. The peaks in the easterly portion of the range, in Austria and Slovenia, are smaller than those in the central and western portions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cape Jones", "paragraph_text": "Cape Jones () is the cape lying immediately southeast of Mount Lubbock and marking the southern tip of the Daniell Peninsula in Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named it for Captain William Jones, Royal Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Antarctica", "paragraph_text": "Positioned asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle, Antarctica is the southernmost continent and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean; alternatively, it may be considered to be surrounded by the southern Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, or by the southern waters of the World Ocean. It covers more than 14,000,000 km2 (5,400,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest continent, about 1.3 times as large as Europe. The coastline measures 17,968 km (11,165 mi) and is mostly characterized by ice formations, as the following table shows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "European colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The European colonization of the Americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the Americas by various European powers. Starting in either the 10th or 11th century, when West Norse sailors explored and briefly settled on the shores of present - day Canada, according to Icelandic Sagas, violent conflicts with the indigenous population ultimately led to the Norse abandoning those settlements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Southern Ocean", "paragraph_text": "The Southern Ocean, geologically the youngest of the oceans, was formed when Antarctica and South America moved apart, opening the Drake Passage, roughly 30 million years ago. The separation of the continents allowed the formation of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "New Amsterdam", "paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) was a 17th - century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam. The fort was situated on the strategic southern tip of the island of Manhattan and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River). In 1624, it became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic and was designated as the capital of the province in 1625.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "American Colonization Society", "paragraph_text": "The Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America, commonly known as the American Colonization Society (ACS), was a group established in 1816 by Robert Finley of New Jersey which supported the migration of free African Americans to the continent of Africa. The society in 1821 -- 22 helped to found a colony on the Pepper Coast of West Africa, as a place for free - born or manumitted American blacks. The ACS met with immediate and continuing objections from such African - Americans as James Forten and David Walker, who wished to remain in the land of their birth, saw colonization as a racist strategy for protecting slavery and purging the U.S. of its black citizens, and preferred to fight for equal rights at home. Colonizers were also met with resistance and attacks from those already living in and around the areas being colonized. There was some religious support and missionary efforts were part of the colonization. Disease was a major problem and took a deadly toll.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Cape James", "paragraph_text": "Cape James is a cape which forms the southern tip of Smith Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The name appears on a chart based upon the 1828–31 British naval expedition under Captain Henry Foster, and is now well established in international usage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Norse colonization of North America", "paragraph_text": "The Norse colonization of North America began in the late 10th century AD when Norsemen explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic including the northeastern fringes of North America. Viking houses were found at L'Anse aux Meadows near the northern tip of Newfoundland in 1960. This discovery aided the reignition of archaeological exploration for the Vikings in the North Atlantic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Alaska", "paragraph_text": "With its myriad islands, Alaska has nearly 34,000 miles (54,720 km) of tidal shoreline. The Aleutian Islands chain extends west from the southern tip of the Alaska Peninsula. Many active volcanoes are found in the Aleutians and in coastal regions. Unimak Island, for example, is home to Mount Shishaldin, which is an occasionally smoldering volcano that rises to 10,000 feet (3,048 m) above the North Pacific. It is the most perfect volcanic cone on Earth, even more symmetrical than Japan's Mount Fuji. The chain of volcanoes extends to Mount Spurr, west of Anchorage on the mainland. Geologists have identified Alaska as part of Wrangellia, a large region consisting of multiple states and Canadian provinces in the Pacific Northwest, which is actively undergoing continent building.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 99295, "question": "In what continent is Monte Hacho in?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 20577, "question": "When was the southern tip of #1 colonized?", "answer": "1652", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "T. C. Yohannan", "paragraph_text": "Thadathuvila Chandapillai Yohannan (born 19 May 1947), better known as T. C. Yohannan, is a former Indian long jumper who held the national record in long jump for nearly 3 decades and represented India in the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He hails from the state of Kerala. Yohannan will be known for the new dimension he gave to long jump in India in 1974, the occasion was the Tehran Asian Games of 1974. Yohannan cleared a distance of 8.07 metres at the Teheran Asian Games for a new Asian record.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1975 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games", "paragraph_text": "The 1975 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games, officially known as the 8th Southeast Asian Peninsular Games was a Southeast Asian multi-sport event held in Bangkok, Thailand from 9 to 16 December 1975. This was the third time Thailand hosted the games, and its first time since 1967. Previously, Thailand also hosted the 1959 inaugural games. South Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos, which only sent token squads made up of military personnel to previous games, declined to participate due to internal political problems. The games is the last games to bear the Southeast Asian Peninsular Games name, before it was renamed the Southeast Asian Games in the next edition of the games. The games was opened and closed by Bhumibol Adulyadej, the King of Thailand at the Suphalachasai Stadium. The final medal tally was led by Thailand, followed by host Singapore, Burma and Malaysia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Talvin Singh", "paragraph_text": "Talvin Singh, OBE (born 1970 in London, England), is a producer and composer and tabla player, known for creating an innovative fusion of Indian classical music and drum and bass. Singh is generally considered involved with an electronica subgenre called Asian Underground, and more recently as Indian and/or Asian electronica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "National Football League Draft", "paragraph_text": "In the league's early years the draft was held in various cities with NFL franchises until the league settled on New York City starting in 1965, where it remained until 2015. The 2015 and 2016 NFL drafts were held in Chicago, while the 2017 version was held in Philadelphia. In recent years, the NFL draft has occurred in late April or early May.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kathmandu", "paragraph_text": "Football and Cricket are the most popular sports among the younger generation in Nepal and there are several stadiums in the city. The sport is governed by the All Nepal Football Association (ANFA) from its headquarters in Kathmandu. The only international football stadium in the city is the Dasarath Rangasala Stadium, a multi-purpose stadium used mostly for football matches and cultural events, located in the neighborhood of Tripureshwor. It is the largest stadium in Nepal with a capacity of 25,000 spectators, built in 1956. Martyr's Memorial League is also held in this ground every year. The stadium was renovated with Chinese help before the 8th South Asian Games were held in Kathmandu and had floodlights installed. Kathmandu is home to the oldest football clubs of Nepal such as RCT, Sankata and NRT. Other prominent clubs include MMC, Machhindra FC, Tribhuwan Army Club (TAC) and MPC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Iran at the 1966 Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "Iran participated in the 1966 Asian Games held in the capital city of Bangkok, and ranked 6th with 6 gold medals on this occasion of the Asiad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Diamond cutting", "paragraph_text": "Diamond cutting, as well as overall processing, is concentrated in a few cities around the world. The main diamond trading centers are Antwerp, Tel Aviv, and Dubai from where roughs are sent to the main processing centers of India and China. Diamonds are cut and polished in Surat, India and the Chinese cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen. India in recent years has held between 19 -- 31% of the world market in polished diamonds and China has held 17% of the world market share in a recent year. Another important diamond center is New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Greene, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "Greene is a city in Butler County, Iowa, along the Shell Rock River, and along Butler County's northern border, where Butler and Floyd counties meet. The population was 1,130 at the 2010 census. Greene is the headquarters of the Iowa Northern Railway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Rugby sevens at the 1998 Asian Games – Men", "paragraph_text": "The 1998 Men's Asian Games Rugby sevens Tournament was held in Thai Army Sports Stadium from December 7, 1998 to December 8, 1998.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Amrapali Express", "paragraph_text": "The 15707/15708 Amrapali Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Katihar Railway Junction and Amritsar in India. It operates as train number 15707 in Up direction from Katihar Junction of North east Frontier railway to Amritsar of Northern Railway and as train number 15708 in the reverse direction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Delhi Bareilly Express", "paragraph_text": "The 14556 / 55 Bareilly Delhi Express is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Northern Railway zone that runs between Delhi & Bareilly in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Golf at the 2002 Asian Games – Women's team", "paragraph_text": "The women's team competition at the 2002 Asian Games in Busan was held from 3 October to 6 October at the Asiad Country Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The city hosted the 2010 Commonwealth Games and annually hosts Delhi Half Marathon foot-race. The city has previously hosted the 1951 Asian Games and the 1982 Asian Games. New Delhi was interested in bidding for the 2019 Asian Games but was turned down by the government on 2 August 2010 amid allegations of corruption in 2010 Commonwealth Games .", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Israel", "paragraph_text": "In 1964 Israel hosted and won the Asian Nations Cup; in 1970 the Israel national football team managed to qualify to the FIFA World Cup, which is still considered[by whom?] the biggest achievement of Israeli football.[citation needed] The 1974 Asian Games held in Tehran, were the last Asian Games in which Israel participated, and was plagued by the Arab countries which refused to compete with Israel, and Israel since ceased competing in Asian competitions. Israel was excluded from the 1978 Asian Games due to security and expense involved if they were to participate. In 1994, UEFA agreed to admit Israel and all Israeli sporting organizations now compete in Europe.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kamaljeet Sandhu", "paragraph_text": "Kamaljeet Sandhu is a former woman Indian athlete who won gold medal at 1970 Bangkok Asian Games in 400 m race. She ran the distance in 57.3 seconds. She was the first Indian woman athlete to win gold medal at any Asian games. She hails from Punjab state in India. She received Padma Shri award in 1971. In 1971, she was one of the finalists in the World University Games held at Turin, Italy, in 400 metres race. She participated in the Women's 400 metres at the 1972 Munich Olympics, bowing out in the heats. Kamaljeet retired from athletics in 1973. She was also a national - level basketball and inter-varsity hockey player. She went to the 1982 Asian Games as the coach of the Indian women's sprint team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Parduman Singh Brar", "paragraph_text": "Parduman Singh Brar (15 October 1927 – 22 March 2007) was an Indian athlete who specialized in shot put and discus throw events. He was one of the few Indians to have won multiple medals at the Asian Games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Tajikistan at the 2006 Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "Tajikistan participated at the 2006 Asian Games held in Doha from December 1 to December 15, 2006. Tajikistan ranked 24th with 2 gold medals in this edition of the Asiad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2018 Asian Games", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Asian Games (Indonesian: Pesta Olahraga Musim Panas Asia 2018), the 18th Asian Games and commonly known as Jakarta Palembang 2018, is a pan-Asian multi-sport event scheduled to be held from 18 August to 2 September 2018 in Indonesia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Yousuf Khan (footballer)", "paragraph_text": "Yousuf Khan (5 August 1937 – 1 July 2006) was an Indian footballer who represented India national team at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was one of only two Indians to have been included in the 1965 Asian All Stars XI. He was also a part of the team that won gold at the 1962 Asian Games.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 11167, "question": "What Indian city is the headquarters of the Northern Railway?", "answer": "New Delhi", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 11227, "question": "The Asian Games were most recently held in #1 in what year?", "answer": "1982", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Germany–Soviet Union relations, 1918–1941", "paragraph_text": "Cooperation ended in 1933, as Adolf Hitler came to power and created Nazi Germany. The countries' economic relationship dwindled at the beginning of the Nazi era, but some diplomatic initiatives continued through the 1930s, culminating with the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact of 1939 and various trade agreements. Few questions concerning the origins of the Second World War are more controversial and ideologically loaded than the issue of the policies of the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin towards Nazi Germany between the Nazi seizure of power and the German invasion of the USSR on June 22, 1941.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Sergei Kopylov", "paragraph_text": "He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1980 Summer Olympics held in Moscow, Soviet Union in the individual sprint event, where he finished in third place. In 1981, he won the world amateur sprint championship gold medal. In 1982, he successfully defended his title against his main rival of the time, East Germany's Lutz Heßlich. In 1983, he focused on the 1 km time trial, capturing the world championship in Switzerland. The Soviet boycott of the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics prevented him from competing for an Olympic gold medal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Stanislav Zabrodsky", "paragraph_text": "Stanislav Vyacheslavovich Zabrodsky (Cyrillic:Станислав Вячеславович Забродский ; born 1 January 1962, Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union) is a retired archer. Zabrodsky represented three countries (Unified Team, Ukraine and Kazakhstan) at four Summer Olympics in 1992, 1996, 2000 and 2004. He also represented the Soviet Union at pre-1992 tournaments, including at the 1989 World Archery Championships, where he won two gold medals and broke four world records.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Japan", "paragraph_text": "Japan is a member of the ASEAN Plus mechanism, UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20, and is considered a great power. Its economy is the world's third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "paragraph_text": "For most of the Soviet Union's existence, it was commonly referred to as \"Russia,\" even though technically \"Russia\" was only one republic within the larger union—albeit by far the largest, most powerful and most highly developed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Dissolution of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "On December 12, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR formally ratified the Belavezha Accords and renounced the 1922 Union Treaty. The Russian deputies were also recalled from the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The legality of this action was questionable, since Soviet law did not allow a republic to unilaterally recall its deputies. However, no one in either Russia or the Kremlin objected. Any objections from the latter would have likely had no effect, since the Soviet government had effectively been rendered impotent long before December. In effect, the largest and most powerful republic had seceded from the Union. Later that day, Gorbachev hinted for the first time that he was considering stepping down.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "paragraph_text": "In 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. Even after he died in 1982, the era didn’t end until Mikhail Gorbachev took power and introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact", "paragraph_text": "In an effort to demonstrate peaceful intentions toward Germany, on 13 April 1941, the Soviets signed a neutrality pact with Axis power Japan. While Stalin had little faith in Japan's commitment to neutrality, he felt that the pact was important for its political symbolism, to reinforce a public affection for Germany. Stalin felt that there was a growing split in German circles about whether Germany should initiate a war with the Soviet Union. Stalin did not know that Hitler had been secretly discussing an invasion of the Soviet Union since summer 1940, and that Hitler had ordered his military in late 1940 to prepare for war in the east regardless of the parties' talks of a potential Soviet entry as a fourth Axis Power.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Anatoly Chubais", "paragraph_text": "Anatoly Borisovich Chubais (; born 16 June 1955) is a Russian politician and businessman of Russian and Jewish origin who was responsible for privatization in Russia as an influential member of Boris Yeltsin's administration in the early 1990s. During this period, he was a key figure in introducing market economy and the principles of private ownership to Russia after the fall of the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "First five-year plan", "paragraph_text": "His plan was to quickly and effectively industrialize the economy of the Soviet Union and to specifically concentrate on heavy industry. His planning was ineffective and unrealistic given the short amount of time given to meet the desired goals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Estonia", "paragraph_text": "On 6 August 1940, Estonia was annexed by the Soviet Union as the Estonian SSR. The provisions in the Estonian constitution requiring a popular referendum to decide on joining a supra-national body were ignored. Instead the vote to join the Soviet Union was taken by those elected in the elections held the previous month. Additionally those who had failed to do their \"political duty\" of voting Estonia into the USSR, specifically those who had failed to have their passports stamped for voting, were condemned to death by Soviet tribunals. The repressions followed with the mass deportations carried out by the Soviets in Estonia on 14 June 1941. Many of the country's political and intellectual leaders were killed or deported to remote areas of the USSR by the Soviet authorities in 1940–1941. Repressive actions were also taken against thousands of ordinary people.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Soyuz 10", "paragraph_text": "Soyuz 10 (, \"Union 10\") was launched on 22 April 1971 as the world's first mission to the world's first space station, the Soviet Salyut 1. The docking was not successful and the crew returned to Earth without having entered the station. It would be the first of numerous docking failures in the Soviet space station program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Soviet Strike", "paragraph_text": "\"Soviet Strike\" is set after the disintegration of the Soviet Union, and takes place in a fictionalised Russia, Eastern Europe and around the Caspian Sea. The player pilots an Apache helicopter and battles with the forces of Shadowman, a renegade ex-communist figure. Like its predecessors, the game features shooting action mixed with strategic management of fuel and ammunition, but has more authentic 3D graphics, as well as a modified overhead - as opposed to isometric - perspective. The game also features a more realistic enemy artificial intelligence and environment. Critics received the game positively, praising the graphics and full motion video, while commentary on the gameplay and difficulty was more mixed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "None of the above", "paragraph_text": "In 1991, elections that led to the break - up of the Soviet Union, the Soviet version of ``none of above ''led to new elections with new candidates in 200 races of the 1,500 - seat Congress of People's Deputies. More than 100 incumbents representing the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were defeated in the run - off, leading to Boris Yeltsin to later say the`` none of the above'' option ``helped convince the people they had real power even in a rigged election, and (it) played a role in building true democracy. ''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Armenians", "paragraph_text": "Following the breakup of the Russian Empire in the aftermath of World War I for a brief period, from 1918 to 1920, Armenia was an independent republic. In late 1920, the communists came to power following an invasion of Armenia by the Red Army, and in 1922, Armenia became part of the Transcaucasian SFSR of the Soviet Union, later forming the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic (1936 to September 21, 1991). In 1991, Armenia declared independence from the USSR and established the second Republic of Armenia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Martial law in Poland", "paragraph_text": "Led by General of the Army Wojciech Jaruzelski and the Military Council of National Salvation (Wojskowa Rada Ocalenia Narodowego, WRON) usurped for itself powers reserved for wartime, hence the name. The plan was presented to the government of the Soviet Union before the declaration in March 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "SVT-40", "paragraph_text": "The SVT-40 (Samozaryadnaya Vintovka Tokareva, Obrazets 1940 goda, \"Tokarev self-loading rifle, model of 1940\", Russian: Самозарядная винтовка Токарева, образец 1940 года, often nicknamed \"\"Sveta\"\") is a Soviet semi-automatic rifle. The SVT-40 saw widespread service during and after World War II. It was intended to be the Soviet Red Army's new service rifle, but its production was disrupted by the German invasion in 1941, resulting in a change back to the older Mosin–Nagant bolt-action rifle for the duration of World War II. After the war, the Soviet Union adopted new rifles, such as the SKS and the AK-47.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 79765, "question": "who has the most powerful economy in the world", "answer": "The United States", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 33310, "question": "What actions of the Soviet Union did #1 oppose?", "answer": "the Soviet Union fostered communist revolutionary movements,", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "USSR", "The Soviets", "Soviets", "the Soviet Union", "SU", "Soviet Union" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Muğancıq Müslüm", "paragraph_text": "Muğancıq Müslüm (also, Mugandzhik Myuslyum and Mugandzhuk-Muslum) is a village and municipality in the Sharur Rayon of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. It is located in the near of the Nakhchivan-Sadarak highway, on the plain. Its population is busy with tobacco-growing, vegetable-growing, hunting, beet-growing and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, library, club and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 749.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Priddis Greens", "paragraph_text": "Priddis Greens is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District of Foothills No. 31. It is located approximately west of the Hamlet of Priddis, southeast of the Hamlet of Bragg Creek and southwest of the City of Calgary. The hamlet is developed in two residential nodes adjacent to the Priddis Greens Golf & Country Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Rostov", "paragraph_text": "Rostov () is a town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, one of the oldest in the country and a tourist center of the Golden Ring. It is located on the shores of Lake Nero, northeast of Moscow. Population:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Estadio Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Estadio Country Club is a soccer-specific stadium located in the sector of Country Club in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It is located approximately 13 miles southeast of Old San Juan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "CRKSV Jong Colombia", "paragraph_text": "CRKSV Jong Colombia is a football club in Curaçao, playing in the country's first division Curaçao League. Located In Boka Sami Municipality Sint Michiel It was founded on 23 July 1951. Its name and its crest is a reference to Colombia, located 1045.8 km from the island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Henry Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle", "paragraph_text": "Henry Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, KG, PC (16 April 1720 – 22 February 1794) was born in London, the second son of the 7th Earl of Lincoln.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Danyeri", "paragraph_text": "Danyeri (formerly, Yenikənd) is a municipality and village in the Sharur District of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Azerbaijan. It is located in the near of the Nakhchivan-Sadarak highway, 15 km in the south-east from the district center, on the plain. Its population is busy with farming and animal husbandry. There are secondary school, 3 clubs, library, kindergarten and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 2,874.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Alonzo Bradley", "paragraph_text": "Alonzo Bradley (born October 16, 1953) is a retired American basketball player. Born in Utica, Mississippi, he played collegiately for Texas Southern University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Albiztur", "paragraph_text": "Albiztur is a town located in the province of Gipuzkoa, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, in the north of Spain. In 2014 Albiztur had a total population of 327.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Sunset Ridge Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Sunset Ridge Country Club is a private country club located in Cook County, just outside the city limits of Northfield, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Damietta Governorate", "paragraph_text": "Damietta Governorate ( \"\") is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is located in the northeastern part of the country, and has a population of over 1 million. Its capital is the city of Damietta.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Peter Pelham (composer)", "paragraph_text": "Pelham was born in London. His father, also named Peter Pelham, was an engraver and an artist. Around 1730 the Pelhams immigrated to Boston, where the father apprenticed his son to Charles Theodore Pachelbel. The latter left for Charleston, South Carolina in 1736 and Pelham followed him. He remained in Charleston for some time, studying with Pachelbel and later becoming a harpsichord teacher himself. In 1744 Pelham became first organist of Trinity Church in Boston. Around 1750 he moved to Williamsburg, Virginia, where in 1755 he became organist of Bruton Parish Church. He held that post for almost 50 years, until 1802. Pelham actively participated in the city's musical life, giving concerts and conducting. He also supported himself and his family by running a small music store, as well as engaging in some non-musical activities: he was supervisor for the printing of currency from 1758 to 1775 and superintended the Public Gaol from 1770 to 1780. In 1802 Pelham became blind. His daughter Elizabeth succeeded him for a brief period as organist of Bruton Church. Pelham died in Richmond, Virginia. Although several collections he compiled of music by other composers are extant, almost none of his own music survives, save for a short harpsichord minuet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kenardo Forbes", "paragraph_text": "Kenardo Forbes (born 15 May 1988) is a Jamaican professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for USL Championship club Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC. He is also on the inactive roster for Major Arena Soccer League club Utica City, who he has played for since 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sind Club", "paragraph_text": "The Sind Club is the oldest club located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was started in 1871 as an exclusive gentlemen's club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "George F. Pelham", "paragraph_text": "George Frederick Pelham (1867 – February 7, 1937) was an American architect and the son of George Brown Pelham, who was also an architect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Plum Hollow Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Plum Hollow Country Club is a country club located in Southfield, Michigan, a suburb northwest of Detroit The club is privately owned and was established in 1921. Plum Hollow was designed by the British firm Colt and Alison and Built by T.A Varnhagen. The PGA Championship was held at its golf course in 1947; then a match play event, it was won by Jim Ferrier. Plum Hollow also hosted the 1957 Western Open which was won by Doug Ford, and also hosted the 2015 Michigan Amateur.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pelham Range", "paragraph_text": "The Pelham Range is a small mountain range on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located northeast of Sarita and between the Sarita River and Alberni Inlet. It has an area of 52 km and is a subrange of the Vancouver Island Ranges which in turn form part of the Insular Mountains.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Taking of Pelham One Two Three", "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- \"The Taking of Pelham One Two Three\" (1998 film), a television movie directed by Félix Enríquez Alcalá and starring Edward James Olmos", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Los Angeles Open", "paragraph_text": "Times hosted Venue Location Years 56 Riviera Country Club Pacific Palisades 1929 -- 30, 1941, 1945 -- 53, 1973 -- 82, 1984 -- 97, 1999 -- 2018 Valencia Country Club Valencia 1998 17 Rancho Park Golf Course Los Angeles 1956 -- 67, 1969 -- 72, 1983 Brookside Golf Course Pasadena 1968 Inglewood Country Club Inglewood 1955 Fox Hills Country Club Culver City 1954 Wilshire Country Club Los Angeles 1928, 1931, 1933, 1944 Hillcrest Country Club Los Angeles 1932, 1942 5 Los Angeles Country Club Los Angeles 1926, 1934 -- 36, 1940 Griffith Park Los Angeles 1937 -- 39 El Caballero Country Club Tarzana 1927", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "WDXB", "paragraph_text": "WDXB (102.5 FM, \"102.5 the Bull\") is a iHeartMedia, Inc.-owned country music formatted radio station licensed to Pelham, Alabama, that serves Birmingham and north-central Alabama. The station has studios at Beacon Ridge Tower in Birmingham (near Red Mountain) and its transmitter is on the west end of the Red Mountain range in Southwest Birmingham.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129487, "question": "In which state is Pelham Country Club located?", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 43551, "question": "what is the population of utica #1", "answer": "60,652", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Gateway Arch", "paragraph_text": "Built as a monument to the westward expansion of the United States, the arch typifies ``the pioneer spirit of the men and women who won the West, and those of a latter day to strive on other frontiers. ''The arch has become the iconic image of St. Louis, appearing in many parts of city culture. In 1968, three years after the monument's opening, the St. Louis phone directory contained 65 corporations with`` Gateway'' in their title and 17 with ``Arch ''. Arches also appeared over gas stations and drive - in restaurants. In the 1970s, a local sports team adopted the name`` Fighting Arches''; St. Louis Community College would later (when consolidating all athletic programs under a single banner) name its sports teams ``Archers ''. Robert S. Chandler, an NPS superintendent, said,`` Most (visitors) are awed by the size and scale of the Arch, but they do n't understand what it's all about... Too many people see it as just a symbol of the city of St. Louis.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "National Monument (Malaysia)", "paragraph_text": "The National Monument is a sculpture that commemorates those who died in Malaysia's struggle for freedom, principally against the Japanese occupation during World War II and the Malayan Emergency, which lasted from 1948 until 1960. It is located in the Federal capital, Kuala Lumpur. The Malaysian Houses of Parliament are situated near the monument.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Richmond, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "The city is home to many monuments and memorials, most notably those along Monument Avenue. Other monuments include the A.P. Hill monument, the Bill \"Bojangles\" Robinson monument in Jackson Ward, the Christopher Columbus monument near Byrd Park, and the Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument on Libby Hill. Located near Byrd Park is the famous World War I Memorial Carillon, a 56-bell carillon tower. Dedicated in 1956, the Virginia War Memorial is located on Belvedere overlooking the river, and is a monument to Virginians who died in battle in World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Wushan Yangtze River Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Wushan Yangtze River Bridge is an arch bridge, which carries S301 Provincial Road across the Yangtze River near Wushan, Chongqing, China. Completed in 2005, the high arch spans ranking it in the top ten longest arch bridges in the world. The bridge is also among the highest in the world however, the reservoir created by the construction of the Three Gorges Dam has increased the height of the water below the bridge, and the full clearance is no longer visible.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Monument to the Revolution of the people of Moslavina", "paragraph_text": "Monument to the Revolution of the people of Moslavina or simply Monument to the Revolution () is a World War II memorial sculpture by Dušan Džamonja, located in Podgarić, Berek, Croatia. It is dedicated to the people of Moslavina during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Portland Cenotaph", "paragraph_text": "The Portland Cenotaph is a war memorial located on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England. It is situated at New Ground, looking down to Underhill of the island and overlooking Chesil Beach, as it sits in front of Portland Heights Hotel. The monument is dedicated to the local soldiers who died during both the First and Second World Wars. It has been a Grade II Listed Monument since May 1993.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Belchalwell", "paragraph_text": "Belchalwell is a small village in the civil parish of Okeford Fitzpaine in the Blackmore Vale, North Dorset, England. It lies south of Sturminster Newton and northwest of Blandford Forum. It is sited on greensand beneath the north slopes of Bell Hill, part of the Dorset Downs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Presidential Emergency Operations Center", "paragraph_text": "The Presidential Emergency Operations Center (PEOC) is a bunker - like structure that lies underground, beneath the East Wing of the White House and serves as a secure shelter and communications center for the President of the United States and other protectees in case of an emergency.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sanctuary of Vicoforte", "paragraph_text": "The Santuario di Vicoforte (also known as Santuario Regina Montis Regalis) is a monumental church located in the commune of Vicoforte, province of Cuneo, Piedmont, northern Italy. It is known for having the largest elliptical cupola in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Aqueduct of Segovia", "paragraph_text": "To reach the old city, the water is conveyed by its aqueduct bridge. At Plaza de Díaz Sanz (Díaz Sanz Plaza), the structure makes an abrupt turn and heads toward Plaza Azoguejo (Azoguejo Plaza). It is there the monument begins to display its full splendor. At its tallest, the aqueduct reaches a height of 28.5 m (93 ft 6 in), including nearly 6 m (19 ft 8 in) of foundation. There are both single and double arches supported by pillars. From the point the aqueduct enters the city until it reaches Plaza de Díaz Sanz, it includes 75 single arches and 44 double arches (or 88 arches when counted individually), followed by four single arches, totalling 167 arches in all.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Earth's outer core", "paragraph_text": "The outer core of the Earth is a fluid layer about 2,400 km (1,500 mi) thick and composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. Its outer boundary lies 2,890 km (1,800 mi) beneath Earth's surface. The transition between the inner core and outer core is located approximately 5,150 km (3,200 mi) beneath the Earth's surface. Unlike the inner core, the outer core is liquid. The inner core is also referred to as the solid core.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Blaine, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Blaine is a city in Whatcom County, Washington, United States. The city's northern boundary is the Canada–US border. The Peace Arch international monument lies partly in Blaine and partly in Canada. The population was 4,684 at the 2010 census. Since Blaine is located right on the border with Canada, it is the northernmost city on Interstate 5, while the southernmost city is San Ysidro, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "Qutb Shahi architecture of the 16th and early 17th centuries followed classical Persian architecture featuring domes and colossal arches. The oldest surviving Qutb Shahi structure in Hyderabad is the ruins of Golconda fort built in the 16th century. The Charminar, Mecca Masjid, Charkaman and Qutb Shahi tombs are other existing structures of this period. Among these the Charminar has become an icon of the city; located in the centre of old Hyderabad, it is a square structure with sides 20 m (66 ft) long and four grand arches each facing a road. At each corner stands a 56 m (184 ft)-high minaret. Most of the historical bazaars that still exist were constructed on the street north of Charminar towards Golconda fort. The Charminar, Qutb Shahi tombs and Golconda fort are considered to be monuments of national importance in India; in 2010 the Indian government proposed that the sites be listed for UNESCO World Heritage status.:11–18", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Molen van Aerden", "paragraph_text": "The Molen van Aerden (English: \"Aerden's Mill\") is a windmill located on the Raadhuisstraat 28A in Nispen, Roosendaal, in the province of North Brabant, Netherlands. Built in 1850 on an artificial hill, the windmill functioned as gristmill. It was built as a tower mill and its sails have a span of . The mill is a national monument (nr 32716) since 19 May 1971. The Molen van Aerden can be visited by appointment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Bismarck Monument (Bad Kissingen)", "paragraph_text": "The Bismarck Monument in Bad Kissingen is located in Hausen (a quarter of the German spa town, Bad Kissingen), which Chancellor Otto von Bismarck visited 14 times to \"take the cure\" between 1876 and 1893. The monument was built in 1877, during his lifetime. It was the first statue to be erected in Bismarck's honour.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Natural Bridge State Park (Wisconsin)", "paragraph_text": "Natural Bridge State Park is a state park of Wisconsin, United States, featuring Wisconsin's largest natural arch. Directly beneath the arch is the Raddatz Rockshelter, a rock shelter once used by Paleo-Indians and now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The park is located southwest of Baraboo between the unincorporated communities of Leland and Denzer, in the town of Honey Creek.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "London", "paragraph_text": "The Monument in the City of London provides views of the surrounding area while commemorating the Great Fire of London, which originated nearby. Marble Arch and Wellington Arch, at the north and south ends of Park Lane respectively, have royal connections, as do the Albert Memorial and Royal Albert Hall in Kensington. Nelson's Column is a nationally recognised monument in Trafalgar Square, one of the focal points of central London. Older buildings are mainly brick built, most commonly the yellow London stock brick or a warm orange-red variety, often decorated with carvings and white plaster mouldings.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Arch of Septimius Severus", "paragraph_text": "Arch of Septimius Severus Location Regione VIII Forum Romanum Built in 203 AD Built by / for Septimius Severus Type of structure Triumphal arch Related List of ancient monuments in Rome Arch of Septimius Severus", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Granada", "paragraph_text": "The Alhambra is a Nasrid \"palace city\". It was declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1984. It is certainly Granada's most emblematic monument and one of the most visited in Spain. It consists of a defensive zone, the Alcazaba, together with others of a residential and formal state character, the Nasrid Palaces and, lastly, the palace, gardens and orchards of the Generalife.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Independence Arch (Accra)", "paragraph_text": "The Independence Arch in Accra, Ghana, is part of the Independence Square which contains monuments to Ghana's independence struggle, including the Independence Arch, Black Star Gate, and the Liberation Day Monument.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 79422, "question": "what is the most visited location in the world", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 71191, "question": "what lies beneath the arch monument in #1", "answer": "the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier from World War I", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on September 1 and ended on September 11, 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010. Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "ISU Speed Skating World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The ISU Speed Skating World Cup is a series of international speed skating competitions, organised annually by the International Skating Union since the winter of 1985–86. Every year during the winter season, a number of competitions on different distances and on different locations are held. Skaters can earn points at each competition, and the skater who has the most points on a given distance at the end of the series is the winner. Initially not very popular with skaters nor spectators, the World Cup has gradually become more and more popular, and this was due to the creation of the World Single Distance Championships. The results of the separate distances in the World Cup ranking are the main qualifying method for the World Single Distance Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "1950 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1950 FIFA World Cup, held in Brazil from 24 June to 16 July 1950, was the fourth FIFA World Cup. It was the first World Cup since 1938, the planned 1942 and 1946 competitions having been cancelled due to World War II. It was won by Uruguay, who had won the inaugural competition in 1930. They clinched the cup by beating the hosts Brazil 2–1 in the deciding match of the four-team final group. This was the only tournament not decided by a one-match final. It was also the first tournament where the trophy was referred to as the Jules Rimet Cup, to mark the 25th anniversary of Jules Rimet's presidency of FIFA.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cyclo-cross Grand Prix Lille Métropole", "paragraph_text": "The Cyclo-cross Grand Prix Lille Métropole is a cyclo-cross race held in Roubaix, France, as part of the UCI Cyclo-cross World Cup. It was first run in 2006 and became a World Cup event in the 2008−2009 and the 2009−2010 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2022 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2022 FIFA World Cup is scheduled to be the 22nd edition of the FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international men's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Qatar in 2022. This will be the first World Cup held in Asia since 2002 and also this will be the first World Cup ever to be held in the Middle East, and in an Arab and a majority - Muslim country. This tournament will be the last to involve 32 teams, with an increase to 48 teams scheduled from the 2026 tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 ICC Under - 19 Cricket World Cup was an international limited - overs cricket tournament that was held in New Zealand from 13 January to 3 February 2018. It was the twelfth edition of the Under - 19 Cricket World Cup, and the third to be held in New Zealand (after the 2002 and 2010 events). New Zealand was the first country to host the event three times. The opening ceremony took place on 7 January 2018. The West Indies were the defending champions. However, they failed to defend their title, after losing their first two group fixtures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Qatar 2022 FIFA World Cup bid", "paragraph_text": "President of FIFA Sepp Blatter endorsed the idea of having a World Cup in the Arab World, saying in April 2010: ``The Arabic world deserves a World Cup. They have 22 countries and have not had any opportunity to organize the tournament ''. Blatter also praised Qatar's progress:`` When I was first in Qatar there were 400,000 people here and now there are 1.6 million. In terms of infrastructure, when you are able to organise the Asian Games (in 2006) with more than 30 events for men and women, then that is not in question''. On 2 December 2010, it was announced that Qatar will host the 2022 FIFA World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since the 2006 tournament in Germany; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains, to keep travel time manageable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Adidas Telstar 18", "paragraph_text": "The Adidas Telstar 18 was the official match ball of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, which was held in the Russian Federation. It is designed by the company Adidas, a FIFA Partner and FIFA World Cup official match ball supplier since 1970, and based on the concept of the first Adidas's World Cup match ball.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup is the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is currently ongoing in Russia starting from 14 June and will end with the final match on 15 July 2018. The country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since the 2006 tournament in Germany; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains to keep travel time manageable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1995 Rugby League World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 1995 Rugby League World Cup was held during October in the United Kingdom. It was the eleventh staging of the Rugby League World Cup and was marketed as the Halifax Centenary World Cup, reflecting the tournament's sponsorship and the fact that 1995 marked the centenary of the sport. Envisaged as a celebration of rugby league football, the size of the competition was doubled, with four additional teams invited and Great Britain split into England and Wales (Scotland and Ireland took part in the Emerging Nations Tournament that was held alongside the World Cup.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2017 Women's Rugby World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup was the eighth edition of the Women's Rugby World Cup and was held in Ireland in August 2017, with New Zealand becoming champions by beating England 41 - 32 in the final, held on 26 August. Matches were held in Dublin and Belfast. The pool stages were held at University College Dublin with the semi finals and finals held at Queen's University and Kingspan Stadium in Belfast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup will be the 21st FIFA World Cup, a quadrennial international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It is scheduled to take place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, after the country was awarded the hosting rights on 2 December 2010. This will be the first World Cup held in Europe since 2006; all but one of the stadium venues are in European Russia, west of the Ural Mountains to keep travel time manageable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "Russia was announced as the host on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time the Confederations Cup has been held in the European continent. As hosts, Russia qualified automatically for the tournament; they were joined by the six winners of the FIFA confederation championships and the 2014 FIFA World Cup champions, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Kabaddi in India", "paragraph_text": "India has won all six Kabaddi world cups played till now. Iran is the three times runner - up of world cups. All the world cups were held in India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "Russia was announced as the hosts on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time the Confederations Cup has been held in the European continent. As hosts, Russia qualified automatically for the tournament; they were joined by the six winners of the FIFA confederation championships and the 2014 FIFA World Cup champions, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup was the 21st FIFA World Cup, an international football tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA once every four years. It took place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018. It was the first World Cup to be held in Eastern Europe, and the 11th time that it had been held in Europe. At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup. It was also the first World Cup to use the video assistant referee (VAR) system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2010 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 2010 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships was held in Nanning, China on 16 October 2010. The competition took place on the city streets, beginning and ending at Wuxiang Square, with a total prize purse of US$245,000 at stake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "John E. Hines", "paragraph_text": "John Elbridge Hines (October 3, 1910 – July 19, 1997) was a bishop in the Episcopal Church in the United States. When he was elected the 22nd Presiding Bishop in 1965, at the age of 54, he was the youngest person to hold that office, which he held until 1974. Desmond Tutu, Archbishop of Cape Town, said Hines' movement to divest church-held assets in that nation played an important role in the demise of apartheid.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 52715, "question": "where was the world cup held in 2010", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 51677, "question": "apartheid ended in #1 during the presidency of", "answer": "Mandela", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Remember the End", "paragraph_text": "Remember the End is the second novel by the American writer Agnes Sligh Turnbull (1888–1982) and it is set in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from the 1890s to World War I.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Georg Henke", "paragraph_text": "Georg Henke (born Berlin 9 April 1908: died 8 December 1986) was a German Communist who involved himself in political resistance during the Nazi years, and spent most of the Second World War exiled in Sweden. He also worked as a journalist. After the war he became an East German diplomat, ending up, between 1968 and 1972, as his country's ambassador to North Korea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Norman conquest of southern Italy", "paragraph_text": "On 9 May 1009, an insurrection erupted in Bari against the Catapanate of Italy, the regional Byzantine authority based there. Led by Melus, a local Lombard, the revolt quickly spread to other cities. Late that year (or early in 1010) the katepano, John Curcuas, was killed in battle. In March 1010 his successor, Basil Mesardonites, disembarked with reinforcements and besieged the rebels in the city. The Byzantine citizens negotiated with Basil and forced the Lombard leaders, Melus and his brother-in-law Dattus, to flee. Basil entered the city on 11 June 1011, reestablishing Byzantine authority. He did not follow his victory with severe sanctions, only sending Melus' family (including his son, Argyrus) to Constantinople. Basil died in 1016, after years of peace in southern Italy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Military history of Italy during World War II", "paragraph_text": "However Italy's conquests were always heavily contested, both by various insurgencies (most prominently the Greek resistance and Yugoslav partisans) and Allied military forces, which waged the Battle of the Mediterranean throughout and beyond Italy's participation. Ultimately the Italian empire collapsed after disastrous defeats in the Eastern European and North African campaigns. In July 1943, following the Allied invasion of Sicily, Benito Mussolini was arrested by order of King Victor Emmanuel III, provoking a civil war. Italy's military outside of the peninsula itself collapsed, its occupied and annexed territories falling under German control. Italy surrendered to the Allies at the end of the Italian Campaign.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Dead Stay Young", "paragraph_text": "The Dead Stay Young (\"Die Toten Bleiben Jung\") is a 1949 novel by German author Anna Seghers. The book describes Communists secretly working in Germany between the end of World War I and the outbreak of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ernest Maunoury", "paragraph_text": "Sous Lieutenant Ernest Joseph Jules Maunoury was a French flying ace during World War I. He was credited with eleven confirmed aerial victories. He survived the war, only to die in a flying accident on 21 September 1921.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Michael Sionidis", "paragraph_text": "Following the end of World War I, Sionidis, as president of Matsikovo community, retrieved the remains of nine \"evzones\" whom the Bulgarians had killed during the Second Balkan War, and buried them in his village. In 1927, the \"\" renamed Matsikovo to Evzonoi in their honour. Michael Sionidis died in 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "At the end of the Balkan Wars, the extent of Greece's territory and population had increased. In the following years, the struggle between King Constantine I and charismatic Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos over the country's foreign policy on the eve of World War I dominated the country's political scene, and divided the country into two opposing groups. During parts of the First World War, Greece had two governments; a royalist pro-German government in Athens and a Venizelist pro-Britain one in Thessaloniki. The two governments were united in 1917, when Greece officially entered the war on the side of the Triple Entente.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "During the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894, Japan absorbed Taiwan. As a result of the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, Japan took part of Sakhalin Island from Russia. Korea was annexed in 1910. During World War I, Japan took German-leased territories in China’s Shandong Province, as well as the Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands. In 1918, Japan occupied parts of far eastern Russia and parts of eastern Siberia as a participant in the Siberian Intervention. In 1931 Japan conquered Manchuria from China. During the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Japan's military invaded central China and by the end of the Pacific War, Japan had conquered much of the Far East, including Hong Kong, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Indonesia, part of New Guinea and some islands of the Pacific Ocean. Japan also invaded Thailand, pressuring the country into a Thai/Japanese alliance. Its colonial ambitions were ended by the victory of the United States in the Second World War and the following treaties which remanded those territories to American administration or their original owners.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Canadian Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "At the end of the Second World War, Canada possessed the fourth-largest air force and fifth-largest naval surface fleet in the world, as well as the largest volunteer army ever fielded. Conscription for overseas service was introduced only near the end of the war, and only 2,400 conscripts actually made it into battle. Originally, Canada was thought to have had the third-largest navy in the world, but with the fall of the Soviet Union, new data based on Japanese and Soviet sources found that to be incorrect.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Fernand Bonneton", "paragraph_text": "Commandant Fernand Bonneton was a French World War I flying ace credited with nine confirmed aerial victories. He would survive the war, only to die in an aviation accident on 24 June 1922.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Southern Europe", "paragraph_text": "The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War. Following the Allied victory in the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. The countries in Southeastern Europe were dominated by the Soviet Union and became communist states. The major non-communist Southern European countries joined a US-led military alliance (NATO) and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined the military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact and the economic bloc called Comecon. Yugoslavia was neutal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Trip to Vienna", "paragraph_text": "Trip to Vienna (German: Die Reise nach Wien) is a 1973 German drama film directed by Edgar Reitz and starring Elke Sommer, Hannelore Elsner and Mario Adorf. During the closing months of the Second World War, two small-town German women discover some money in an attic and decide to spend it on a trip to Vienna.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Westminster Abbey", "paragraph_text": "At the east end of the Lady Chapel is a memorial chapel to the airmen of the RAF who were killed in the Second World War. It incorporates a memorial window to the Battle of Britain, which replaces an earlier Tudor stained glass window destroyed in the war.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "HMCS Glace Bay (K414)", "paragraph_text": "HMCS \"Glace Bay\" was a built for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) in 1943. Commissioned in 1944 she served in the Battle of the Atlantic until the end of the Second World War. After the war she was sold to the Chilean Navy and renamed \"Esmeralda\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Battle of France", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and attempted an invasion of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "British Army during the Second World War", "paragraph_text": "The pre-war British Army was trained and equipped to be a small, mechanised, professional army. Its main function was to garrison the British Empire. It became evident early in the war that its initial structure and manpower was woefully unprepared and ill - equipped for a war with multiple enemies on multiple fronts. The British Army, an all - volunteer force until 1939, was small in comparison to its enemies at the start of the Second World War in 1939, as it had been in the First World War. By the end of the Second World War, however, over 3.5 million men had served in the British Army.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Volvo PV51", "paragraph_text": "The Volvo PV51 is an automobile introduced by Volvo in December 1936. It was replaced by the mildly restyled PV53 in 1938. This car remained in production until the end of the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Soviet Union–United States relations", "paragraph_text": "The relations between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922 -- 1991) succeeded the previous relations from 1776 to 1917 and predate today's relations that began in 1992. Full diplomatic relations between the two countries were established late due to mutual hostility. During World War II, the two countries were briefly allies. At the end of the war, the first signs of post-war mistrust and hostility began to appear between the two countries, escalating into the Cold War; a period of tense hostile relations, with periods of détente.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Great Depression ended at different times in different countries with the effect lasting into the next era. America's Great Depression ended in 1941 with America's entry into World War II. The majority of countries set up relief programs, and most underwent some sort of political upheaval, pushing them to the left or right. In some world states, the desperate citizens turned toward nationalist demagogues—the most infamous being Adolf Hitler—setting the stage for the next era of war. The convulsion brought on by the worldwide depression resulted in the rise of Nazism. In Asia, Japan became an ever more assertive power, especially with regards to China.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159161, "question": "What country did Basil die?", "answer": "Italy", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 78659, "question": "when did the second world war end in #1", "answer": "July 1943", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Uranium", "paragraph_text": "The X-10 Graphite Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, formerly known as the Clinton Pile and X-10 Pile, was the world's second artificial nuclear reactor (after Enrico Fermi's Chicago Pile) and was the first reactor designed and built for continuous operation. Argonne National Laboratory's Experimental Breeder Reactor I, located at the Atomic Energy Commission's National Reactor Testing Station near Arco, Idaho, became the first nuclear reactor to create electricity on 20 December 1951. Initially, four 150-watt light bulbs were lit by the reactor, but improvements eventually enabled it to power the whole facility (later, the town of Arco became the first in the world to have all its electricity come from nuclear power generated by BORAX-III, another reactor designed and operated by Argonne National Laboratory). The world's first commercial scale nuclear power station, Obninsk in the Soviet Union, began generation with its reactor AM-1 on 27 June 1954. Other early nuclear power plants were Calder Hall in England, which began generation on 17 October 1956, and the Shippingport Atomic Power Station in Pennsylvania, which began on 26 May 1958. Nuclear power was used for the first time for propulsion by a submarine, the USS Nautilus, in 1954.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Melbourne", "paragraph_text": "Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having \"four seasons in one day\", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Climate of North Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Being 1,000 miles (1,609 km) from any large body of water (with the exception of Lake Superior), temperatures and precipitation in North Dakota can vary widely. North Dakota is far enough north to experience − 60 ° F (− 51 ° C) temperatures and blizzards during the winter months, but far enough south to experience 121 ° F (49 ° C) temperatures and tornado outbreaks in the summer. The 181 ° F degree (100 ° C) variation between North Dakota's highest and lowest temperature is the 3rd largest variation of any U.S. State, and the largest of any non-mountainous state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dhruva reactor", "paragraph_text": "The Dhruva reactor is India's largest nuclear research reactor. Located in the Mumbai (Bombay) suburb of Trombay at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC), it is India's primary generator of weapons-grade plutonium-bearing spent fuel for its nuclear weapons program. Originally named the R-5, this pool-type reactor first went critical on 8 August 1985 after 10 years of construction. However, the unit did not attain full power until 1988. The reactor experienced at least one serious accident when 4MT (four metric tons) of heavy water overflowed from the reactor core in 1985 following vibration problems.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Instrumental temperature record", "paragraph_text": "The instrumental temperature record provides the temperature of Earth's climate system from the historical network of in situ measurements of surface air temperatures and ocean surface temperatures. Data are collected at thousands of meteorological stations, buoys and ships around the globe. The longest - running temperature record is the Central England temperature data series, that starts in 1659. The longest - running quasi-global record starts in 1850. In recent decades more extensive sampling of ocean temperatures at various depths have begun allowing estimates of ocean heat content but these do not form part of the global surface temperature datasets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Leona Woods", "paragraph_text": "Leona Harriet Woods (August 9, 1919 – November 10, 1986), later known as Leona Woods Marshall and Leona Woods Marshall Libby, was an American physicist who helped build the first nuclear reactor and the first atomic bomb.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Climate of Islamabad", "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "All of the state frequently experiences temperatures above 100 °F (38 °C) or below 0 °F (−18 °C), though below-zero temperatures are rare in south-central and southeastern Oklahoma. Snowfall ranges from an average of less than 4 inches (10 cm) in the south to just over 20 inches (51 cm) on the border of Colorado in the panhandle. The state is home to the Storm Prediction Center, the National Severe Storms Laboratory, and the Warning Decision Training Branch, all part of the National Weather Service and located in Norman. Oklahoma's highest recorded temperature of 120 °F (49 °C) was recorded at Tipton on June 27, 1994 and the lowest recorded temperature of −31 °F (−35 °C) was recorded at Nowata on February 10, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Wendelstein 7-X", "paragraph_text": "The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) reactor is an experimental stellarator built in Greifswald, Germany, by the Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics (IPP), and completed in October 2015. Its purpose is to advance stellarator technology (first conceived by Lyman Spitzer) and though this experimental reactor will not produce electricity, it is used to evaluate the main components of a future fusion power plant; it was developed based on the predecessor Wendelstein 7-AS experimental reactor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Phoenix, Arizona", "paragraph_text": "Phoenix has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), typical of the Sonoran Desert. Phoenix has long, extremely hot summers and short, mild to warm winters. The city is located within the sunniest region in the world. Measuring 3,872 hours of bright sunshine annually, Phoenix receives the most sunshine of any major city on Earth. Average high temperatures in summer are the hottest of any major city in the United States. On average, there are 107 days annually with a high of at least 100 ° F (38 ° C) including most days from late May through early October. Highs top 110 ° F (43 ° C) an average of 18 days during the year. On June 26, 1990, the temperature reached an all - time recorded high of 122 ° F (50 ° C). Despite the city's claim to the most extreme heat in summer, however, it does not have the highest average annual temperature in the contiguous United States. In that respect, it comes second to Miami; Phoenix has an average daily temperature of 75 ° F (24 ° C), compared to Miami's 77 ° F (25 ° C).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "As with the rest of the UK, Southampton experiences an oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). Its southerly, low lying and sheltered location ensures it is among the warmer, sunnier cities in the UK. It has held the record for the highest temperature in the UK for June at 35.6 °C (96.1 °F) since 1976.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Republic of Ireland", "paragraph_text": "The Atlantic Ocean and the warming influence of the Gulf Stream affect weather patterns in Ireland. Temperatures differ regionally, with central and eastern areas tending to be more extreme. However, due to a temperate oceanic climate, temperatures are seldom lower than −5 °C (23 °F) in winter or higher than 26 °C (79 °F) in summer. The highest temperature recorded in Ireland was 33.3 °C (91.9 °F) on 26 June 1887 at Kilkenny Castle in Kilkenny, while the lowest temperature recorded was −19.1 °C (−2.4 °F) at Markree Castle in Sligo. Rainfall is more prevalent during winter months and less so during the early months of summer. Southwestern areas experience the most rainfall as a result of south westerly winds, while Dublin receives the least. Sunshine duration is highest in the southeast of the country. The far north and west are two of the windiest regions in Europe, with great potential for wind energy generation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of United States Naval reactors", "paragraph_text": "List of United States Naval reactors is a comprehensive annotated list of all naval reactors designed, built, or used by the United States Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Guam", "paragraph_text": "Guam's climate is characterized as tropical marine moderated by seasonal northeast trade winds. The weather is generally very warm and humid with little seasonal temperature variation. The mean high temperature is 86 °F (30 °C) and mean low is 76 °F (24 °C) with an average annual rainfall of 96 inches (2,180 mm). The dry season runs from December to June. The remaining months (July to November) constitute the rainy season. The months of January and February are considered the coolest months of the year with overnight low temperatures of 70–75 °F (21–24 °C) and low humidity levels. The highest temperature ever recorded in Guam was 96 °F (36 °C) on April 18, 1971 and April 1, 1990, and the lowest temperature ever recorded was 65 °F (18 °C) on February 8, 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Nuclear fuel", "paragraph_text": "TRISO fuel particles were originally developed in the United Kingdom as part of the Dragon reactor project. The inclusion of the SiC as diffusion barrier was first suggested by D. T. Livey. The first nuclear reactor to use TRISO fuels was the Dragon reactor and the first powerplant was the THTR-300. Currently, TRISO fuel compacts are being used in the experimental reactors, the HTR-10 in China, and the High-temperature engineering test reactor in Japan. Spherical fuel elements utilizing a TRISO particle with a UO2 and UC solid solution kernel are being used in the Xe-100 in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Victoria (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "The Victorian Alps in the northeast are the coldest part of Victoria. The Alps are part of the Great Dividing Range mountain system extending east-west through the centre of Victoria. Average temperatures are less than 9 °C (48 °F) in winter and below 0 °C (32 °F) in the highest parts of the ranges. The state's lowest minimum temperature of −11.7 °C (10.9 °F) was recorded at Omeo on 13 June 1965, and again at Falls Creek on 3 July 1970. Temperature extremes for the state are listed in the table below:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Autumn, winter, and early spring are frequently characterized by rain. Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). Summers are sunny, dry and warm, with August, the warmest month, averaging 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), and with temperatures reaching 90 °F (32 °C) on 3.1 days per year, although 2011 is the most recent year to not reach 90 °F. The hottest officially recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 29, 2009; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1950; the record cold daily maximum is 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 14, 1950, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) the day the official record high was set. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 16 thru March 10, allowing a growing season of 250 days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Summers in the state are generally hot and humid, with most of the state averaging a high of around 90 °F (32 °C) during the summer months. Winters tend to be mild to cool, increasing in coolness at higher elevations. Generally, for areas outside the highest mountains, the average overnight lows are near freezing for most of the state. The highest recorded temperature is 113 °F (45 °C) at Perryville on August 9, 1930 while the lowest recorded temperature is −32 °F (−36 °C) at Mountain City on December 30, 1917.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 15118, "question": "In what state is the X-10 Graphite Reactor located?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 31263, "question": "Where was the highest known temperature in #1 recorded?", "answer": "Perryville", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "George Vickers", "paragraph_text": "George Vickers (November 19, 1801October 8, 1879), a Democrat, was a United States Senator from Maryland, serving from 1868 to 1873. He cast the deciding vote in the Senate that saved U.S. President Andrew Johnson from impeachment. Vickers also served in the Maryland State Senate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Lorenzo Thomas", "paragraph_text": "Lorenzo Thomas (October 26, 1804 – March 2, 1875) was a career United States Army officer who was Adjutant General of the Army at the beginning of the American Civil War. After the war, he was appointed temporary Secretary of War by U.S. President Andrew Johnson, precipitating Johnson's impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup Group H", "paragraph_text": "Group H of the 2018 FIFA World Cup took place from 19 to 28 June 2018. The group consisted of Poland, Senegal, Colombia, and Japan. The top two teams, Colombia and Japan, advanced to the round of 16. For the first time in World Cup history, the ``fair play ''rule was invoked to break a tie. Japan and Senegal finished with identical scores and goal differences to tie for second behind Colombia. Japan were awarded the place in the final 16 based on receiving fewer yellow cards in their three matches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "The Lieutenant Governor of Arkansas presides over the Arkansas Senate with a tie-breaking vote, serves as governor when the governor is out of state, and serves as governor if the governor is impeached, removed from office, dies or is otherwise unable to discharge the office's duties. The lieutenant governor position is elected separately from the governor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Impeachment of Andrew Johnson", "paragraph_text": "This was the first impeachment of a President since creation of the office in 1789. The culmination of a lengthy political battle between Johnson, a lifelong Democrat and the Republican majority in Congress over how best to deal with the defeated Southern states following the conclusion of the American Civil War, the impeachment, and the subsequent trial (and acquittal) of Johnson were among the most dramatic events in the political life of the nation during the Reconstruction Era. Together, they have gained a historical reputation as an act of political expedience, rather than necessity, which was based on Johnson's defiance of an unconstitutional piece of legislation, and which was conducted with little regard for the will of a general public which, despite the unpopularity of Johnson, opposed the impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of presidents of FIFA", "paragraph_text": "The current president is Swiss - Italian Gianni Infantino, elected on 26 February 2016 during an extraordinary session of the FIFA Congress. Prior to his election, Cameroonian Issa Hayatou was acting president after the impeachment of Sepp Blatter on 8 October 2015, which was later followed by a six - year ban from all football - related activities on 21 December 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Frank Underwood (House of Cards)", "paragraph_text": "Toward the end of the season, Underwood orchestrates Walker's downfall. He secretly leaks the details of the money laundering, for which Walker is blamed. While publicly supporting Walker, Underwood works behind the scenes to have him impeached, with Sharp's help. In the season finale, ``Chapter 26 '', Walker resigns, and Underwood succeeds him as President of the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "President of the Senate", "paragraph_text": "Vice presidents have cast 261 tie - breaking votes since the U.S. federal government was established in 1789. The vice president with the most tie breaking votes is John Adams (served 1789 -- 1797) with 29. The current Vice President Mike Pence, in office since January 2017, has made six tie - breaking votes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Pittsburgh Steelers", "paragraph_text": "The Steelers made the playoffs for the first time in 1947, tying for first place in the division at 8 -- 4 with the Philadelphia Eagles. This forced a tie - breaking playoff game at Forbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21 -- 0. That would be Pittsburgh's only playoff game for the next 25 years; they did qualify for a ``Playoff Bowl ''in 1962 as the second - best team in their conference, but this was not considered an official playoff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Vice President of the United States", "paragraph_text": "No mention of an office of vice president was made at the 1787 Constitutional Convention until near the end, when an 11 - member committee on ``Leftover Business ''proposed a method of electing the president and vice president, and recommended that the vice president succeed the executive in the event of a vacancy in that position, but would otherwise serve as the president of the Senate, casting a vote only to break a tie. Although delegates approved establishing the office, with both its executive and senatorial functions, not many understood the extent of the vice president's duties. Only a few states had an analogous position. Among those that did, New York's constitution provided that,`` The lieutenant - governor shall, by virtue of his office, be president of the Senate, and, upon an equal division, have a casting voice in their decisions, but not vote on any other occasion.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "Throughout America's history dominance of one of the three branches has essentially been a see-saw struggle between Congress and the president. Both have had periods of great power and weakness such as immediately after the Civil War when republicans had a majority in Congress and were able to pass major legislation and shoot down most of the president's vetoes. They also passed acts to essentially make the president subordinate to Congress, such as the Tenure of Office Act. Johnson's later impeachment also cost the presidency much political power. However the president has also exercised greater power largely during the 20th century. Both Roosevelts greatly expanded the powers of the president and wielded great power during their terms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Vice President of Liberia", "paragraph_text": "The Vice President of the Republic of Liberia is the second - highest executive official in Liberia, and one of only two elected executive offices along with the President. The Vice President is elected on the same ticket with the president to a six - year term. In the event of the death, resignation or removal of the president, the Vice President ascends to the presidency, which he or she holds for the remainder of their predecessor's term. The Vice President also serves as the President of the Senate and may cast a vote in the event of a tie. The current Vice President is Jewel Taylor, serving under President George Weah.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Let's Impeach the President", "paragraph_text": "\"Let's Impeach the President\" is a protest song written, produced and recorded by Neil Young. It is the seventh track on his 2006 studio album \"Living with War\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Pardon", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the pardon power for offences against the United States is granted to the President of the United States under Article II, Section 2 of the United States Constitution which states that the President ``shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment ''. The U.S. Supreme Court has interpreted this language to include the power to grant pardons, conditional pardons, commutations of sentence, conditional commutations of sentence, remissions of fines and forfeitures, respites, and amnesties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Tennis scoring system", "paragraph_text": "A set is won by the first side to win 6 games, with a margin of at least 2 games over the other side (e.g. 6 -- 3 or 7 -- 5). There is usually a tie - break if the set is tied at six games per player.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "On 18 January 2014, the interim government successfully institutionalised a more secular constitution. The president is elected to a four-year term and may serve 2 terms. The parliament may impeach the president. Under the constitution, there is a guarantee of gender equality and absolute freedom of thought. The military retains the ability to appoint the national Minister of Defence for the next 8 years. Under the constitution, political parties may not be based on \"religion, race, gender or geography\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Pardon", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the pardon power for federal crimes is granted to the President of the United States under Article II, Section 2 of the United States Constitution which states that the President ``shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment ''. The U.S. Supreme Court has interpreted this language to include the power to grant pardons, conditional pardons, commutations of sentence, conditional commutations of sentence, remissions of fines and forfeitures, respites, and amnesties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Fabián Alarcón", "paragraph_text": "Alarcón was born in Quito. He was the President of the National Congress from 1991 to 1992 and then again from August 1995 to February 1997, when he was made acting president due to the impeachment of President Abdalá Bucaram. This deepened the political crisis in Ecuador as vice-president Rosalía Arteaga challenged Alarcón's assumption of the presidency. Arteaga then became president for two days but Alarcón was then restored. He gave up the presidency after early elections were held in 1998, in which he did not run. In 1999 he was arrested on corruption charges, but was later released. Alarcón is a member of the Alfarista Radical Front.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The 85 Ways to Tie a Tie", "paragraph_text": "The 85 Ways to Tie a Tie () is a book by Thomas Fink and Yong Mao. The authors were research fellows at Cambridge University’s Cavendish Laboratory. It was published by Fourth Estate on Nov 4, 1999, and subsequently published in nine other languages.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "NBA playoffs", "paragraph_text": "In September 2015, the NBA announced changes to the formula used to determine the format of the 2016 NBA Playoffs. The top eight teams in each conference (East and West), ranked in order by win - loss records, qualify for the playoffs. The tie - break criteria for playoff seeding and home - court advantage have also changed; head - to - head results between the tied teams is the first tie - breaker, and whether a team won its division championship is the second tie - breaker.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 54902, "question": "who has the authority to impeach a president", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 88814, "question": "who breaks a tie in #1", "answer": "the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "José Tomás Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "José Tomás Carrillo Sánchez (born 11 August 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 2010 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Veracruz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Erwin Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Erwin Albeiro Carrillo Fragozo (born June 25, 1983 in Santa Marta) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays for Categoría Primera B club Cúcuta Deportivo as a striker. He is known as \"a powerful, no-nonsense striker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Wenceslao Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Wenceslao Carrillo Alonso-Forjador (1889 in Valladolid – 1963 in Charleroi, Belgium) was a prominent Spanish Socialist leader, father of Santiago Carrillo. He belonged to the \"Caballerist\" faction of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Efren Reyes", "paragraph_text": "Efren Manalang Reyes, OLD, PLH (born August 26, 1954), popularly known as Efren ``Bata ''Reyes and nicknamed 'The Magician', is a Filipino professional pool player. A winner of over 70 international titles, Reyes was the first person in history to win World Championships in two different disciplines in pool. Among his numerous titles Reyes is a four - time World eight - ball champion, the 1999 World Nine - ball champion, a three - time US Open champion, a two - time World Pool League champion and a 14 - time Derby City Classic champion - including an unprecedented five`` Master of the Table'' crowns. By defeating Earl Strickland in the inaugural Color of Money event in 1996, Reyes took home the largest single event purse in pool history. Many analysts, fans, and current and former players consider Reyes to be the greatest pool player of all time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Efren Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Efren Carrillo was born in North Hollywood in Los Angeles, California, and moved to Mexico City, Mexico at the age of one. He was raised in Santa Rosa, California, where he lived off West Ninth Street. He graduated from Santa Rosa High School in 1999, and graduated from UC Berkeley in 2003 with a bachelor's degree in environmental economics and policy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Cesar Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Cesar Carrillo (born April 29, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He was San Diego 2005 First Round pick #18 overall. He played in Major League Baseball with the San Diego Padres in 2009. Carrillo was released by the Detroit Tigers in 2013, after he was implicated in the Bio-Genesis scandal, he served a 100- game suspension under the Tigers minor league system. He was with the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ramón Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Born in Santiago del Estero, Ramón Carrillo attended the University of Buenos Aires and obtained a degree in Medicine in 1929 with a Gold Medal as best student in his class.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Amado Carrillo Fuentes", "paragraph_text": "Amado Carrillo Fuentes (December 17, 1956 -- July 4, 1997) was a Mexican drug lord who seized control of the Juárez Cartel after assassinating his boss Rafael Aguilar Guajardo. Amado Carrillo became known as ``El Señor de Los Cielos ''(`` The Lord of the Skies''), because of the large fleet of jets he used to transport drugs. He was also known for laundering money via Colombia to finance his large fleet of airplanes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Mexico City", "paragraph_text": "Mexico City has numerous museums dedicated to art, including Mexican colonial, modern and contemporary art, and international art. The Museo Tamayo was opened in the mid-1980s to house the collection of international contemporary art donated by famed Mexican (born in the state of Oaxaca) painter Rufino Tamayo. The collection includes pieces by Picasso, Klee, Kandinsky, Warhol and many others, though most of the collection is stored while visiting exhibits are shown. The Museo de Arte Moderno (Museum of Modern Art) is a repository of Mexican artists from the 20th century, including Rivera, Orozco, Siqueiros, Kahlo, Gerzso, Carrington, Tamayo, among others, and also regularly hosts temporary exhibits of international modern art. In southern Mexico City, the Museo Carrillo Gil (Carrillo Gil Museum) showcases avant-garde artists, as does the University Museum/Contemporary Art (Museo Universitario Arte Contemporáneo – or MUAC), designed by famed Mexican architect Teodoro González de León, inaugurated in late 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Financial position of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The financial position of the United States includes assets of at least $269.6 trillion (1576% of GDP) and debts of $145.8 trillion (852% of GDP) to produce a net worth of at least $123.8 trillion (723% of GDP) as of Q1 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "North America", "paragraph_text": "North America Area 24,709,000 km (9,540,000 sq mi) (3rd) Population 579,024,000 (2016, 4th) Population density 22.9 / km (59.3 / sq mi) GDP (nominal) $21.2 trillion (2016, 2nd) GDP (PPP) $24.4 trillion (2016, 3rd) GDP per capita $41,830 (2016, 1st) Demonym North American Countries 23 sovereign states Dependencies 23 non-sovereign territories Largest cities List of urban areas: New York City Mexico City Los Angeles Chicago Boston Toronto Dallas -- Fort Worth San Francisco Houston Miami Philadelphia", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Guilty Generation", "paragraph_text": "The Guilty Generation is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Rowland V. Lee, starring Leo Carrillo and featuring Boris Karloff.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña", "paragraph_text": "Alfonso Carrillo de Acuña (1410, in Carrascosa del Campo – 1 July 1482, in Alcalá de Henares) was a Spanish politician and Roman Catholic archbishop.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo", "paragraph_text": "Don Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo (4 July 1807 – 18 January 1890) was a Californio general, statesman, and public figure. He was born a subject of Spain, performed his military duties as an officer of the Republic of Mexico, and shaped the transition of Alta California from a territory of Mexico to the U. S. state of California. He served in the first session of the California State Senate. The city of Vallejo, California is named for him, and the nearby city of Benicia is named for his wife (née Francisca Benicia Carrillo).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Leo Carrillo State Park", "paragraph_text": "Leo Carrillo State Park is a state park in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Situated along the Malibu coast, the park is a component of Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area. With of beach, the parkland stretches into the Santa Monica Mountains. The park has expanded into Ventura County and also includes management of County Line Beach. California State Route 1 runs through the park, where it intersects with the western terminus of the Mulholland Highway. The park was established in 1953. It is named for actor and conservationist Leo Carrillo (1881–1961), who served on the State Parks commission.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Debt-to-GDP ratio", "paragraph_text": "In 2016, United States public debt - to - GDP ratio was at 104.8%. The level of public debt in Japan 2013 was 243.2% of GDP, in China 22.4% and in India 66.7%, according to the IMF, while the public debt - to - GDP ratio at the end of the 2nd quarter of 2016 was at 70.1% of GDP in Germany, 89.1% in the United Kingdom, 98.2% in France and 135.5% in Italy, according to Eurostat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Vicente Carrillo Fuentes", "paragraph_text": "Vicente Carrillo Fuentes was born in Guamuchilito, Navolato, Sinaloa, Mexico on 16 October 1962 to Vicente Carrillo and Aurora Fuentes. He had seven siblings: Angélica, Amado, Cipriano, Guadalupe, Alberto, Rodolfo and José Cruz Carrillo Fuentes (Vicente being the fourth one). All are nephews of Ernesto Fonseca Carrillo, a former drug lord.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gross domestic product", "paragraph_text": "William Petty came up with a basic concept of GDP to defend landlords against unfair taxation during warfare between the Dutch and the English between 1652 and 1674. Charles Davenant developed the method further in 1695. The modern concept of GDP was first developed by Simon Kuznets for a US Congress report in 1934. In this report, Kuznets warned against its use as a measure of welfare (see below under limitations and criticisms). After the Bretton Woods conference in 1944, GDP became the main tool for measuring a country's economy. At that time gross national product (GNP) was the preferred estimate, which differed from GDP in that it measured production by a country's citizens at home and abroad rather than its' resident institutional units' (see OECD definition above). The switch from ``GNP ''to`` GDP'' in the US was in 1991, trailing behind most other nations. Crucial to the development of GDP was its role in the wartime effort. A crucial role was played here by the US Department of Commerce under Milton Gilbert where ideas from Kuznets were embedded into governmental institutions.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 152921, "question": "What city is Efren Carrillo from?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 19219, "question": "What is the GDP of #1 ?", "answer": "$390 billion", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Höffner (furniture retailer)", "paragraph_text": "Höffner is a furniture retailer in Germany. A company of that name was founded in 1874 by Rudolf Höffner, and became Berlin's biggest furniture retailer before World War II. Based in the eastern part of Berlin, the company was discontinued after the war. In 1967 Kurt Krieger bought the right to the name \"Höffner\" and created a new company under that name. This company was initially based in Berlin-Wedding, but the headquarters moved to Schönefeld, Brandenburg after Germany's reunification.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dry Prong, Louisiana", "paragraph_text": "Dry Prong is a village in central Grant Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the Alexandria, Louisiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 436 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Edgar Hull", "paragraph_text": "Edgar Hull Jr. (February 20, 1904 – October 24, 1984), was a physician from Louisiana and in 1931 a founding faculty member of the Louisiana State University Medical Center in New Orleans. In 1966, he became the first Dean of the Louisiana State University School of Medicine at Shreveport (now the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport). After his retirement, Hull contradicted the historian T. Harry Williams' account of the assassination and death of Governor and U.S. Senator Huey Long.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "The Paris Region is France's leading region for economic activity, with a 2012 GDP of €624 billion (US$687 billion). In 2011, its GDP ranked second among the regions of Europe and its per-capita GDP was the 4th highest in Europe. While the Paris region's population accounted for 18.8 percent of metropolitan France in 2011, the Paris region's GDP accounted for 30 percent of metropolitan France's GDP. In 2015 it hosts the world headquarters of 29 of the 31 Fortune Global 500 companies located in France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Great Depression", "paragraph_text": "The Great Depression started in the United States after a major fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). Between 1929 and 1932, worldwide gross domestic product (GDP) fell by an estimated 15%. By comparison, worldwide GDP fell by less than 1% from 2008 to 2009 during the Great Recession. Some economies started to recover by the mid-1930s. However, in many countries, the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until the beginning of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Great Depression", "paragraph_text": "The depression started in the United States after a major fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929, and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). Between 1929 and 1932, worldwide gross domestic product (GDP) fell by an estimated 15%. By comparison, worldwide GDP fell by less than 1% from 2008 to 2009 during the Great Recession. Some economies started to recover by the mid-1930s. However, in many countries, the negative effects of the Great Depression lasted until the beginning of World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "As of 2015[update], Nigeria is the world's 20th largest economy, worth more than $500 billion and $1 trillion in terms of nominal GDP and purchasing power parity respectively. It overtook South Africa to become Africa's largest economy in 2014. Also, the debt-to-GDP ratio is only 11 percent, which is 8 percent below the 2012 ratio. Nigeria is considered to be an emerging market by the World Bank; It has been identified as a regional power on the African continent, a middle power in international affairs, and has also been identified as an emerging global power. Nigeria is a member of the MINT group of countries, which are widely seen as the globe's next \"BRIC-like\" economies. It is also listed among the \"Next Eleven\" economies set to become among the biggest in the world. Nigeria is a founding member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the African Union, OPEC, and the United Nations amongst other international organisations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Louisiana", "paragraph_text": "State of Louisiana État de Louisiane (French) Flag Seal Nickname (s): Bayou State Child of the Mississippi Creole State Pelican State (official) Sportsman's Paradise Sugar State The Boot Motto (s): Union, Justice, Confidence Official language No official language Spoken languages As of 2010 English 91.26% French 7% (incl. Cajun and Creole) Spanish 3.30% Vietnamese 0.59% Demonym Louisianan or Louisianian Capital Baton Rouge Largest city New Orleans Largest metro Greater New Orleans Area Ranked 31st Total 50,000 sq mi (135,382 km) Width 130 miles (210 km) Length 379 miles (610 km)% water 15 Latitude 28 ° 56 ′ N to 33 ° 01 ′ N Longitude 88 ° 49 ′ W to 94 ° 03 ′ W Population Ranked 25th Total 4,681,666 (2016 est.) Density 93.6 / sq mi (34.6 / km) Ranked 24th Median household income $45,992 (45th) Elevation Highest point Driskill Mountain 535 ft (163 m) Mean 100 ft (30 m) Lowest point New Orleans − 8 ft (− 2.5 m) Before statehood Territory of Orleans Admission to Union April 30, 1812 (18th) Governor John Bel Edwards (D) Lieutenant Governor Billy Nungesser (R) Legislature State Legislature Upper house State Senate Lower house House of Representatives U.S. Senators Bill Cassidy (R) John Neely Kennedy (R) U.S. House delegation 5 Republicans, 1 Democrat (list) Time zone Central: UTC − 6 / − 5 ISO 3166 US - LA Abbreviations LA, La. Website louisiana.gov", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Allen Thomas", "paragraph_text": "Allen Thomas (December 14, 1830 – December 3, 1907) was a Confederate States Army brigadier general during the American Civil War (Civil War). He was born in Howard County, Maryland and became a lawyer but he moved to Louisiana in the later 1850s and became a planter and colonel in the Louisiana militia. After the war, he was a planter, Presidential elector in 1872 and 1880, professor of agriculture at Louisiana State University and coiner at the United States Mint at New Orleans, Louisiana. He moved to Florida in 1889. Between 1894 and 1897, he was United States Minister to Venezuela. He moved to Mississippi in 1907 and died there in that year. He was buried at Donaldsonville, Louisiana.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "The World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Report currently ranks Switzerland's economy as the most competitive in the world, while ranked by the European Union as Europe's most innovative country. For much of the 20th century, Switzerland was the wealthiest country in Europe by a considerable margin (by GDP – per capita). In 2007 the gross median household income in Switzerland was an estimated 137,094 USD at Purchasing power parity while the median income was 95,824 USD. Switzerland also has one of the world's largest account balances as a percentage of GDP.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tajikistan", "paragraph_text": "Tajikistan's economy grew substantially after the war. The GDP of Tajikistan expanded at an average rate of 9.6% over the period of 2000–2007 according to the World Bank data. This improved Tajikistan's position among other Central Asian countries (namely Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan), which seem to have degraded economically ever since. The primary sources of income in Tajikistan are aluminium production, cotton growing and remittances from migrant workers. Cotton accounts for 60% of agricultural output, supporting 75% of the rural population, and using 45% of irrigated arable land. The aluminium industry is represented by the state-owned Tajik Aluminum Company – the biggest aluminium plant in Central Asia and one of the biggest in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Belfast", "paragraph_text": "By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname ``Linenopolis ''. By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco - processing, rope - making and shipbuilding industries. Harland and Wolff, which built the RMS Titanic, was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard. It later also sustained a major aerospace and missiles industry. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast Ireland's biggest city at the time. It became the capital of Northern Ireland following the Partition of Ireland in 1922. Its status as a global industrial centre ended in the decades after the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Tourism in Spain", "paragraph_text": "Tourism in Spain is the 3rd major contributor to the national economic life just after the industry and the business / banking sector, contributing about 10 - 11% of Spain's GDP. Ever since the 1960s and 1970s, the country has been a popular destination for summer holidays, especially with large numbers of tourists from the UK, France, Germany, Italy, the Benelux and the United States, among others. Accordingly, Spain's foreign tourist industry has grown into the second - biggest in the world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Forest Hill, Louisiana", "paragraph_text": "Forest Hill is a village in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the Alexandria, Louisiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 456 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of countries by GDP (nominal)", "paragraph_text": "The United States is the world's largest economy with a GDP of approximately $18.56 trillion, notably due to high average incomes, a large population, capital investment, moderate unemployment, high consumer spending, a relatively young population, and technological innovation. Tuvalu is the world's smallest national economy with a GDP of about $32 million because of its very small population, a lack of natural resources, reliance on foreign aid, negligible capital investment, demographic problems, and low average incomes.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Liberia", "paragraph_text": "The Central Bank of Liberia is responsible for printing and maintaining the Liberian dollar, which is the primary form of currency in Liberia. Liberia is one of the world's poorest countries, with a formal employment rate of 15%. GDP per capita peaked in 1980 at US$496, when it was comparable to Egypt's (at the time). In 2011, the country's nominal GDP was US$1.154 billion, while nominal GDP per capita stood at US$297, the third-lowest in the world. Historically, the Liberian economy has depended heavily on foreign aid, foreign direct investment and exports of natural resources such as iron ore, rubber and timber.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Woodworth, Louisiana", "paragraph_text": "Woodworth is a town in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It is part of the Alexandria, Louisiana Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,080 at the 2000 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Crime of Father Amaro", "paragraph_text": "When it was released, \"The Crime of Padre Amaro\" caused a controversy on the part of Roman Catholic groups in Mexico who tried to stop the film from being screened. They failed, and the film became the biggest box office draw ever in the country, beating previous record holder, \"Sexo, pudor y lágrimas\" (1999).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 56722, "question": "who has the biggest gdp in the world", "answer": "The United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 87637, "question": "when did louisiana became a part of #1", "answer": "April 30, 1812", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New Amsterdam", "paragraph_text": "New Amsterdam (Dutch: Nieuw Amsterdam) was a 17th - century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland. The factorij became a settlement outside Fort Amsterdam. The fort was situated on the strategic southern tip of the island of Manhattan and was meant to defend the fur trade operations of the Dutch West India Company in the North River (Hudson River). In 1624, it became a provincial extension of the Dutch Republic and was designated as the capital of the province in 1625.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Playa Balandra", "paragraph_text": "Playa Balandra is a beach located on the Baja California Sur peninsula of Mexico in La Paz. It is located on the Eastern side of the peninsula, but faces west, as the southern tip comes up.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "American Colonization Society", "paragraph_text": "The Society for the Colonization of Free People of Color of America, commonly known as the American Colonization Society (ACS), was a group established in 1816 by Robert Finley of New Jersey which supported the migration of free African Americans to the continent of Africa. The society in 1821 -- 22 helped to found a colony on the Pepper Coast of West Africa, as a place for free - born or manumitted American blacks. The ACS met with immediate and continuing objections from such African - Americans as James Forten and David Walker, who wished to remain in the land of their birth, saw colonization as a racist strategy for protecting slavery and purging the U.S. of its black citizens, and preferred to fight for equal rights at home. Colonizers were also met with resistance and attacks from those already living in and around the areas being colonized. There was some religious support and missionary efforts were part of the colonization. Disease was a major problem and took a deadly toll.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Antarctic Plate", "paragraph_text": "The Antarctic Plate is a tectonic plate containing the continent of Antarctica, the Kerguelen Plateau and extending outward under the surrounding oceans. After breakup from Gondwana (the southern part of the supercontinent Pangea), the Antarctic plate began moving the continent of Antarctica south to its present isolated location causing the continent to develop a much colder climate. The Antarctic Plate is bounded almost entirely by extensional mid-ocean ridge systems. The adjoining plates are the Nazca Plate, the South American Plate, the African Plate, the Somali Plate, the Indo-Australian Plate, the Pacific Plate, and, across a transform boundary, the Scotia Plate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Dothan High School", "paragraph_text": "Dothan Preparatory Academy is located in Dothan, Alabama, USA. It is located on U.S. Highway 231 inside Ross Clark Circle, about north of the southern tip of Ross Clark Circle. The junior high school district roughly runs down U.S. Highway 84, which runs east to west through the heart of Dothan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Dutch East India Company had founded the Cape Colony on the southern tip of Africa in 1652 as a way station for its ships travelling to and from its colonies in the East Indies. Britain formally acquired the colony, and its large Afrikaner (or Boer) population in 1806, having occupied it in 1795 to prevent its falling into French hands, following the invasion of the Netherlands by France. British immigration began to rise after 1820, and pushed thousands of Boers, resentful of British rule, northwards to found their own—mostly short-lived—independent republics, during the Great Trek of the late 1830s and early 1840s. In the process the Voortrekkers clashed repeatedly with the British, who had their own agenda with regard to colonial expansion in South Africa and with several African polities, including those of the Sotho and the Zulu nations. Eventually the Boers established two republics which had a longer lifespan: the South African Republic or Transvaal Republic (1852–77; 1881–1902) and the Orange Free State (1854–1902). In 1902 Britain occupied both republics, concluding a treaty with the two Boer Republics following the Second Boer War (1899–1902).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Norse colonization of North America", "paragraph_text": "The Norse colonization of North America began in the late 10th century AD when Norsemen explored and settled areas of the North Atlantic including the northeastern fringes of North America. Viking houses were found at L'Anse aux Meadows near the northern tip of Newfoundland in 1960. This discovery aided the reignition of archaeological exploration for the Vikings in the North Atlantic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "First Mass in the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de Valderrama along the shores of Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte. Limasawa is this popularly known as the birthplace of the Church in the Philippines.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Santa Marta Formation", "paragraph_text": "The Santa Marta Formation is a geologic formation in Antarctica. It, along with the Hanson Formation and the Snow Hill Island Formation, are the only formations yet known on the continent where dinosaur fossils have been found. The formation outcrops on James Ross Island off the coast of the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. In its entirety, the Santa Marta Formation is on average one kilometer thick.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Ancient Greece", "paragraph_text": "Eventually Greek colonization reached as far northeast as present day Ukraine and Russia (Taganrog). To the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily and Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica, and even northeastern Spain. Greek colonies were also founded in Egypt and Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "European colonization of the Americas", "paragraph_text": "The European colonization of the Americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the Americas by various European powers. Starting in either the 10th or 11th century, when West Norse sailors explored and briefly settled on the shores of present - day Canada, according to Icelandic Sagas, violent conflicts with the indigenous population ultimately led to the Norse abandoning those settlements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Belousov Point", "paragraph_text": "Belousov Point () is an ice-covered headland forming the southern tip of the Anderson Peninsula, located just north of the terminus of Suvorov Glacier, situated in Victoria Land, Antarctica. The geographical headland was first mapped by the Soviet Antarctic Expedition of 1958 and named for the Soviet polar captain Mikhail P. Belousov, 1904–46. The headland lies on the Pennell Coast, a portion of Antarctica lying between Cape Williams and Cape Adare.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Thabana Ntlenyana", "paragraph_text": "Thabana Ntlenyana, which literally means \"Beautiful little mountain\" in Sesotho, is the highest point in Lesotho and the highest mountain in southern Africa. It is situated on the Mohlesi ridge of the Drakensberg/Maloti Mountains, north of Sani Pass. It stands at high.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alaska", "paragraph_text": "With its myriad islands, Alaska has nearly 34,000 miles (54,720 km) of tidal shoreline. The Aleutian Islands chain extends west from the southern tip of the Alaska Peninsula. Many active volcanoes are found in the Aleutians and in coastal regions. Unimak Island, for example, is home to Mount Shishaldin, which is an occasionally smoldering volcano that rises to 10,000 feet (3,048 m) above the North Pacific. It is the most perfect volcanic cone on Earth, even more symmetrical than Japan's Mount Fuji. The chain of volcanoes extends to Mount Spurr, west of Anchorage on the mainland. Geologists have identified Alaska as part of Wrangellia, a large region consisting of multiple states and Canadian provinces in the Pacific Northwest, which is actively undergoing continent building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Portland Island (British Columbia)", "paragraph_text": "Portland Island is an island in the Southern Gulf Islands of the South Coast of British Columbia, Canada. It is located west of Moresby Island and off the south tip of Saltspring Island, adjacent to the main BC Ferries route just offshore from the terminal at Swartz Bay at the tip of the Saanich Peninsula. Portland Island was given to Princess Margaret in 1958 to commemorate her visit to the province. Princess Margaret returned the island to British Columbia in 1967, after which point it became a provincial park. Today, Portland Island is a part of Gulf Islands National Park Reserve (GINPR).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "South Korea", "paragraph_text": "South Korea occupies the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula, which extends some 1,100 km (680 mi) from the Asian mainland. This mountainous peninsula is flanked by the Yellow Sea to the west, and the Sea of Japan to the east. Its southern tip lies on the Korea Strait and the East China Sea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of longest mountain chains on Earth", "paragraph_text": "Rank Range Continent Country Approx. length Approx. width Max. elevation Highest point Andes South America Argentina Bolivia Chile Colombia Ecuador Peru Venezuela 32 ° S 70 ° W  /  32 ° S 70 ° W  / - 32; - 70 7,000 km (4,350 mi) 500 km (300 mi) 6,962 m (22,841 ft) Mount Aconcagua Southern Great Escarpment Africa Zimbabwe South Africa Swaziland Lesotho Namibia Angola 29 ° S 29 ° E  /  29 ° S 29 ° E  / - 29; 29 5,000 km (3,100 mi) 300 km (190 mi) 3,482 m (11,424 ft) Thabana Ntlenyana Rocky Mountains North America Canada United States 39 ° N 106 ° W  /  39 ° N 106 ° W  / 39; - 106 4,800 km (3,000 mi) 300 km (190 mi) 4,401 m (14,440 ft) Mount Elbert Transantarctic Mountains Antarctica Antarctica 84 ° S 166 ° E  /  84 ° S 166 ° E  / - 84; 166 3,542 km (2,200 mi) 400 km (250 mi) 4,528 m (14,856 ft) Mount Kirkpatrick 5 Great Dividing Range Australia Australia 36 ° S 148 ° E  /  36 ° S 148 ° E  / - 36; 148 3,500 km (2,175 mi) 300 km (190 mi) 2,228 m (7,310 ft) Mount Kosciuszko 6 Himalayas Asia Pakistan China Bhutan India Nepal Afghanistan Myanmar 27 ° N 86 ° E  /  27 ° N 86 ° E  / 27; 86 2,576 km (1,600 mi) 350 km (220 mi) 8,848 m (29,029 ft) Mount Everest", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Continental drift", "paragraph_text": "The widespread distribution of Permo-Carboniferous glacial sediments in South America, Africa, Madagascar, Arabia, India, Antarctica and Australia was one of the major pieces of evidence for the theory of continental drift. The continuity of glaciers, inferred from oriented glacial striations and deposits called tillites, suggested the existence of the supercontinent of Gondwana, which became a central element of the concept of continental drift. Striations indicated glacial flow away from the equator and toward the poles, based on continents' current positions and orientations, and supported the idea that the southern continents had previously been in dramatically different locations that were contiguous with one another.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jabur", "paragraph_text": "Jabur, alternately Jabor (Chinese: 雅姆), is a small town in the southern tip of Terengganu, Malaysia. It is situated in Kemaman constituency, near the Terengganu-Pahang border.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mafadi", "paragraph_text": "Mafadi () is a peak on the border of South Africa and Lesotho. At a height of , it is the highest mountain in the nation of South Africa, but is lower than Thabana Ntlenyana, the highest peak in Lesotho which is, at , the highest point in Southern Africa. Mafadi lies at S 29 12 08.4 E 29 21 25.5 in the WGS84 format.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 99998, "question": "On which continent is Thabana Ntlenyana located?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 20577, "question": "When was the southern tip of #1 colonized?", "answer": "1652", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Days into Years", "paragraph_text": "Days Into Years is the third full-length album by Canadian alternative country band Elliott Brood, released September 27, 2011 on Paper Bag Records. The recording is also available on vinyl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Voting age", "paragraph_text": "The UK Ministry of Justice published on 3 July 2007 a Green Paper entitled The Governance of Britain, in which it proposed the establishment of a ``Youth Citizenship Commission ''. The Commission would examine the case for lowering the voting age. On launching the Paper in the House of Commons, PM Gordon Brown said:`` Although the voting age has been 18 since 1969, it is right, as part of that debate, to examine, and hear from young people themselves, whether lowering that age would increase participation.''", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Better Call Saul", "paragraph_text": "In December 2013, Netflix announced that the entire first season would be available for streaming in the U.S. after the airing of the first - season finale, and in Latin America and Europe each episode would be available a few days after the episode airs in the U.S. However, the first season was not released on Netflix in the U.S. until February 1, 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI", "paragraph_text": "His Holiness: The Secret Papers of Benedict XVI (Italian: \"Sua Santità. Le carte segrete di Benedetto XVI\") is a book published by Italian journalist Gianluigi Nuzzi, consisting of confidential letters and memos between Pope Benedict XVI and his personal secretary. The letters in the book portray the Vatican as a corrupt hotbed of jealousy, intrigue and underhanded factional fighting. The Italian edition paper-book was translated in 2013, in English language and is now available only in e-book format on Amazon platform. The title of the English ebook is \"Ratzinger was afraid\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Open Biology", "paragraph_text": "Open Biology is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by the Royal Society covering biology at the molecular and cellular levels. The first issue was published in September 2011 with an editorial about the launch of the journal. All papers are made freely available under an open access model immediately on publication. The editor-in-chief is David Glover (University of Cambridge).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years. Cabinet Minister Peter Mandelson was \"outed\" by Matthew Parris (a former Sun columnist) on BBC TV's Newsnight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun's editor David Yelland demanded to know in a front page editorial whether Britain was governed by a \"gay mafia\" of a \"closed world of men with a mutual self-interest\". Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of \"overwhelming public interest\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Hohtälli", "paragraph_text": "The Hohtälli is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located southeast of Zermatt in the canton of Valais. It lies on the range that separates the Findel Glacier from the Gorner Glacier, between the Gornergrat and the Stockhorn. Its summit has an elevation of 3,275 metres and includes a cable car station. The Hohtälli is part of a ski area and features several ski runs leading down the mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Chrisley Knows Best", "paragraph_text": "Chrisley Knows Best is an American reality television series airing on the USA Network. It centers around the lives of wealthy Georgia real estate mogul Todd Chrisley and his family. The show formerly took place in Roswell and Alpharetta, Georgia, both near Atlanta. The show is currently in its fifth season, which was filmed mainly in Nashville, Tennessee. In the summer of 2017, it was announced that a sixth season of Chrisley Knows Best would air.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Britney Gallivan", "paragraph_text": "In January 2002, while a junior in high school, Gallivan demonstrated that a single piece of toilet paper 4000 ft (1200 m) in length can be folded in half twelve times. This was contrary to the popular conception that the maximum number of times any piece of paper could be folded in half was seven. She calculated that, instead of folding in half every other direction, the least volume of paper to get 12 folds would be to fold in the same direction, using a very long sheet of paper. A special kind of $85 - per - roll toilet paper in a set of six met her length requirement. Not only did she provide the empirical proof, but she also derived an equation that yielded the width of paper or length of paper necessary to fold a piece of paper of thickness t any n number of times.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Gornergrat", "paragraph_text": "The Gornergrat (; ) is a rocky ridge of the Pennine Alps, overlooking the Gorner Glacier south-east of Zermatt in Switzerland. It can be reached from Zermatt by the Gornergrat rack railway (GGB), the highest open-air railway in Europe. Between the Gornergrat railway station () and the summit is the Kulm Hotel () hosting the new Project \"Stellarium Gornergrat\" and until 2010 the \"Kölner Observatorium für SubMillimeter Astronomie\" KOSMA and before that (until 2005) the Gornergrat Infrared Telescope.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Sipahh", "paragraph_text": "Sipahh Milk Flavouring Straws are a range of flavouring straws that turn plain cold milk into flavoured milk as the milk is sipped through the straw. Sipahh straws are used like a normal straw. First launched in Australia, the Sipahh straw is now available in 44 countries across 5 continents. The straws have a range of flavours including chocolate, banana, caramel, strawberry, vanilla, cookies & cream, honeycomb and choc-mint. The straws are often available at school canteens and are popular with children.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Harry Crews", "paragraph_text": "The University of Georgia acquired Harry Crews's papers in August 2006. The archive includes manuscripts and typescripts of his fiction, correspondence, and notes made by Crews while on assignment. Guides to his collections are available at http://hmfa.libs.uga.edu/hmfa/search?keyword=&title=&creator=crews&year=&year-max=&smode=advanced.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Surface and Interface Analysis", "paragraph_text": "Surface and Interface Analysis is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by John Wiley & Sons since 1979. In thirteen issues per year, it publishes original research papers dealing with the development and application of techniques for the characterization of surfaces, interfaces and thin films. It is available both online and in print.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "I Just Wanna Know", "paragraph_text": "\"I Just Wanna Know '08\" is a re-release of Cruz' debut single that occurred on 10 November 2008. Following the success of the singles \"I Can Be\" and \"She's Like a Star\", Island Records made the decision to re-issue \"I Just Wanna Know\" in an attempt to gain a higher charting position for the single. Although the single was not officially issued physically, a promotional single containing the official remix of \"She's Like a Star\" became widely available. Despite mass promotion, the single only managed to peak at a mediocre #90.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "World Park Base", "paragraph_text": "World Park Base was a non-governmental year-round Antarctic base located at Cape Evans on Ross Island in the Ross Dependency. The international environmental organization Greenpeace established World Park Base in 1987 in order to press its demand for the Antarctic Treaty nations to declare all of the continent of Antarctica a World Park. This would make the entire continent off-limits to commercial exploitation and pollution, and permit only limited scientific research. Greenpeace closed down and completely dismantled the base in 1992.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Clifford Shull", "paragraph_text": "BULLET::::- Carroll, Cindy. \"Carnegie Mellon University Receives Nobel Laureate Clifford Shull Papers Grant and Additional Gift Will Make the Collection Available to Researchers\", (Mar. 12, 2004): Carnegie Mellon University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2004 United States presidential election", "paragraph_text": "Kerry would later state that \"the widespread irregularities make it impossible to know for certain that the [Ohio] outcome reflected the will of the voters.\" In the same article, Democratic National Committee Chairman Howard Dean said \"I'm not confident that the election in Ohio was fairly decided... We know that there was substantial voter suppression, and the machines were not reliable. It should not be a surprise that the Republicans are willing to do things that are unethical to manipulate elections. That's what we suspect has happened.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "A large number of Bell's writings, personal correspondence, notebooks, papers and other documents reside at both the United States Library of Congress Manuscript Division (as the Alexander Graham Bell Family Papers), and at the Alexander Graham Bell Institute, Cape Breton University, Nova Scotia; major portions of which are available for online viewing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Termination of employment", "paragraph_text": "The phrase most likely originated in vaudeville. When the United Booking Office (established in 1906) would issue a cancellation notice to an act, the notice was on a pink slip. Another possible etymology is that many applications (including termination papers) are done in triplicate form, with each copy on a different color of paper, one of which is typically pink.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Galo Carrera", "paragraph_text": "Galo Carrera Hurtado (born 19 August 1953 in Mexico) is serving as an Honorary Consul of Mexico to Canada. He is a research associate for marine affairs at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, a visiting professor at the World Maritime University in Malmö, Sweden, and a Fellow of the International Association of Geodesy. He has authored and coauthored nearly 200 scientific articles and technical reports, and has presented papers and made scholarly addresses at international conferences, seminars and courses on five continents.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 100840, "question": "What is the continent of Gornergrat?", "answer": "Europe", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 70487, "question": "paper as we know it would not have been available in #1 until", "answer": "the 11th century", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "1968 Tasmanian casino referendum", "paragraph_text": "The Tasmanian casino referendum was a one-question referendum held on 14 December 1968, which concerned the granting of Australia's first casino licence to the Federal Group to operate the Wrest Point Hotel Casino in Sandy Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "South Point Hotel, Casino & Spa", "paragraph_text": "South Point Casino, Hotel and Spa Location Enterprise, Nevada 89183 Address 9777 Las Vegas Boulevard Opening date December 22, 2005; 12 years ago (December 22, 2005) Theme Southern California No. of rooms 2,163 Total gaming space 80,000 sq ft (7,400 m) Signature attractions South Point Equestrian Center Showroom Spa and Salon 16 - screen Movie Theater Complex 64 - lane Bowling Center The Tournament Bowling Plaza Convention Center Race book Sports book Poker Room Notable restaurants Michael's Gourmet Room Silverado Steakhouse Don Vito's Italian Restaurant Primarily Prime Rib Baja Miguel's Mexican Restaurant Big Sur Oaster Bar Zenshin Asian Restaurant Coronado Cafe Garden Buffet Steak 'n Shake Del Mar Deli kate's Korner Smoothies and Ice - cream Seattle's Best Coffee Casino type Land - Based Owner Michael Gaughan Architect Leo A Daly / Klai Juba / Sink Combs Dethlefs Previous names South Coast Renovated in 2008 (new tower) Website South Point Hotel and Casino", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "MGM Springfield", "paragraph_text": "MGM Springfield is a $960 million resort casino under construction in Springfield, Massachusetts. The casino, which is scheduled to open on August 24th, 2018, will be owned and operated by MGM Resorts International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tropicana Evansville", "paragraph_text": "Tropicana Evansville is a casino in downtown Evansville, Indiana, owned and operated by Tropicana Entertainment. Originally named Casino Aztar, it was opened by Aztar Corporation in 1995 as the state's first casino.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Harrah's Casino Tunica", "paragraph_text": "Harrah's Casino Tunica, formerly Grand Casino Tunica, was a casino and resort located in Tunica Resorts, Mississippi. It was owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment. The casino offered a casino and three hotels with a total of 1,356 rooms. There was also an RV park, the Bellissimo Spa & Salon, a convention center, and a 2,500 seat entertainment venue called the Harrah's Event Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nugget Casino Resort", "paragraph_text": "Nugget Casino Resort (formerly Dick Graves' Nugget and John Ascuaga's Nugget) is a hotel and casino located in Sparks, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Marnell Gaming. The main portion of the casino consists of two 29-story towers nestled between Interstate 80 and the Union Pacific rail yard. There are additional attached buildings underneath and across I-80 from the towers. It is located in Downtown Sparks at the Victorian Square.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "WMOS", "paragraph_text": "WMOS (102.3 FM, \"102.3 The Wolf\") is a classic rock radio station that targets the Connecticut and Rhode Island coastlines from New London, Connecticut to South Kingstown, Rhode Island (according to Radio-Locator) and it is licensed to Stonington, Connecticut. It broadcasts at 102.3 MHz with 3 kilowatts ERP from a tower located in Westerly, Rhode Island. The station is owned and operated by Cumulus Media and is \"powered by Mohegan Sun,\" the casino in Uncasville. The Mohegan Sun casino also hosts the station's studios.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Black Hawk, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "In July 2010, Governor Chris Christie announced that a state takeover of the city and local government \"was imminent\". Comparing regulations in Atlantic City to an \"antique car\", Atlantic City regulatory reform is a key piece of Gov. Chris Christie's plan, unveiled on July 22, to reinvigorate an industry mired in a four-year slump in revenue and hammered by fresh competition from casinos in the surrounding states of Delaware, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and more recently, Maryland. In January 2011, Chris Christie announced the Atlantic City Tourism District, a state-run district encompassing the boardwalk casinos, the marina casinos, the Atlantic City Outlets, and Bader Field. Fairleigh Dickinson University's PublicMind poll surveyed New Jersey voters' attitudes on the takeover. The February 16, 2011 survey showed that 43% opposed the measure while 29% favored direct state oversight. Interestingly, the poll also found that even South Jersey voters expressed opposition to the plan; 40% reported they opposed the measure and 37% reported they were in favor of it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "1991 French Open – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Ninth-seeded Jim Courier defeated Andre Agassi 3–6, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1991 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "MGM Grand Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "When the latest MGM Grand opened on December 18, 1993, it was owned by MGM Grand Inc. At that time it had an extensive Wizard of Oz theme, including the green ``Emerald City ''color of the building and the decorative use of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. After entering the casino's main entrance, one would find themselves in the Oz Casino facing Emerald City. Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion were seen in front of the city. The Emerald City attraction featured an elaborate yellow brick road walk - through, complete with the cornfield, apple orchard, and haunted forest, as well as audio - animatronic figures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, the Cowardly Lion, and the Wicked Witch of the West. It would end at the door of the city, leading inside for a performance of`` The Wizard's Secrets''. When MGM Grand began its extensive refurbishment in 1996, the Oz Casino was the first to go. The Emerald City was completely demolished, and the Emerald City Gift Shop was moved to a new shopping section of the casino. The store remained open until early 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2002 US Open (tennis)", "paragraph_text": "Both Lleyton Hewitt and Venus Williams were unsuccessful in their title defences, Hewitt being defeated in the semifinals by Andre Agassi and Venus being defeated in the final by her younger sister Serena. It was the third of four consecutive Grand Slam titles won by Serena, all won by defeating Venus in the final. Pete Sampras, runner - up in 2001, won his fifth US Open title, and his 14th and final Grand Slam title, defeating his rival Agassi in the final in four sets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players", "paragraph_text": "Rank Player Total 1. Federer, Roger Roger Federer 302 2. Sampras, Pete Pete Sampras 286 3. Lendl, Ivan Ivan Lendl 270 4. Connors, Jimmy Jimmy Connors 268 5. Djokovic, Novak Novak Djokovic 223 6. McEnroe, John John McEnroe 170 7. Nadal, Rafael Rafael Nadal 146 8. Borg, Björn Björn Borg 109 9. Agassi, Andre Andre Agassi 101 10. Hewitt, Lleyton Lleyton Hewitt 80 11. Edberg, Stefan Stefan Edberg 72 12. Courier, Jim Jim Courier 58 13. Kuerten, Gustavo Gustavo Kuerten 43 14. Murray, Andy Andy Murray 41 15. Năstase, Ilie Ilie Năstase 40 16. Wilander, Mats Mats Wilander 20 17. Roddick, Andy Andy Roddick 13 18. Becker, Boris Boris Becker 12 19. Safin, Marat Marat Safin 9 20. Newcombe, John John Newcombe 8 Ferrero, Juan Carlos Juan Carlos Ferrero 22. Muster, Thomas Thomas Muster 6 Ríos, Marcelo Marcelo Ríos Kafelnikov, Yevgeny Yevgeny Kafelnikov 25. Moyá, Carlos Carlos Moyá 26. Rafter, Patrick Patrick Rafter * active players - current No. 1 in bold Rank Player Consecutive 1. Federer, Roger Roger Federer 237 2. Connors, Jimmy Jimmy Connors 160 3. Lendl, Ivan Ivan Lendl 157 4. Djokovic, Novak Novak Djokovic 122 5. Sampras, Pete Pete Sampras 102 6. Jimmy Connors (2) 84 7. Pete Sampras (2) 82 8. Ivan Lendl (2) 80 9. Hewitt, Lleyton Lleyton Hewitt 75 10. McEnroe, John John McEnroe 58 11. Nadal, Rafael Rafael Nadal 56 12. John McEnroe (2) 53 Novak Djokovic (2) 14. Agassi, Andre Andre Agassi 52 15. Roger Federer (2) 48 Novak Djokovic (3) 17. Borg, Björn Björn Borg 46 Rafael Nadal (2) 19. Murray, Andy Andy Murray 41 20. Năstase, Ilie Ilie Năstase 40 * current streak in bold", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1999 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Pete Sampras successfully defended his title, defeating Andre Agassi in the final, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5 to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships. With this win, his sixth at Wimbledon, Sampras broke Björn Borg's then open era record of five Wimbledon titles, and equalled Roy Emerson's then record of twelve Grand Slam titles. Sampras' victory over Agassi in the final is often cited as one of the greatest performances in a Wimbledon final. However, despite his victory, Sampras lost his No. 1 ranking when the ATP rankings were updated a day later to Agassi, who in addition to his run to the Wimbledon Final, had recently won the 1999 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Andre Agassi", "paragraph_text": "After suffering from sciatica caused by two bulging discs in his back, a spondylolisthesis (vertebral displacement) and a bone spur that interfered with the nerve, Agassi retired from professional tennis on September 3, 2006, after losing in the third round of the US Open to Benjamin Becker. He is the founder of the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, which has raised over $60 million for at-risk children in Southern Nevada. In 2001, the Foundation opened the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy in Las Vegas, a K-12 public charter school for at-risk children. He has been married to fellow tennis player Steffi Graf since 2001.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Wind Creek Bethlehem", "paragraph_text": "The casino is owned, operated, and constructed by the Las Vegas Sands corporation. It is one of five stand - alone casinos that was awarded a slots license by the Pennsylvania Gaming Control Board on December 20, 2006. The casino was slated to open in July 2008, but demolition took longer than expected due to the heavy concrete foundations of the old steel building. Its opening was delayed until the second quarter of 2009. The first concrete for the complex, which is located on the former Bethlehem Steel land on the South side of the city, was poured on November 15, 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City", "paragraph_text": "The Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City (formerly Trump Taj Mahal) is a casino and hotel on the Boardwalk, owned by Hard Rock International, in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Aquarius Casino Resort", "paragraph_text": "Aquarius Casino Resort (formerly Flamingo Hilton Laughlin and Flamingo Laughlin) is a hotel and casino located on the banks of the Colorado River in Laughlin, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Golden Entertainment and is the largest hotel in Laughlin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Four Queens", "paragraph_text": "The Four Queens Hotel and Casino is located in downtown Las Vegas on the Fremont Street Experience. The 690 - room hotel and 40,000 sq ft (3,700 m) casino is owned and operated by TLC Enterprises, which acquired the property from the Elsinore Corporation in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Golden Mile, Durban", "paragraph_text": "The Golden Mile (or, colloquially, \"The Mile\") is the popular stretch of beachfront in the city of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, including the promenade that runs along with it. It runs roughly from uShaka Beach (where the uShaka Marine World is located) in Point Waterfront to Suncoast Casino and Entertainment World in the north and now includes a route directly to Moses Mabhida Stadium. It abuts the central business district of the city to its west.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 152871, "question": "What city is Andre Agassi from?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 14 }, { "id": 66442, "question": "who owns the south point casino #1", "answer": "Michael Gaughan", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hugh Dowd", "paragraph_text": "Born in Lurgan, Dowd was an accomplished centre half, initially making his name as with hometown club Glenavon, graduating to become the final captain of Northern Ireland's Amateur side. At the end of the 1973–74 season, with his name linked with a transfer to either Luton Town or Glasgow Celtic, he was called up by the Northern Ireland FA for the first time, making his professional international debut in a Home Nations Championship game with Wales.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Big Mac", "paragraph_text": "The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's. It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area, United States, in 1967 and nationwide in 1968. It is one of the company's signature products.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "William Blankenship", "paragraph_text": "In Europe, Blankenship sang roles at the opera houses in Vienna (Vienna Volksoper & Vienna State Opera), Stuttgart, Hamburg, Braunschweig (1957–60), Bern (1960), Mannheim, Brunswick, Munich (from 1965), Berne, (1956 European debut), Bregenz (1972 as Phoebus in \"The Fairy-Queen\" by Henry Purcell). In the United States, he sang with the Santa Fe Opera, San Antonio, San Diego (1968), Dallas Opera, and Houston Grand Opera. He has sung in international festivals in Moscow, Salzburg, Vienna, Munich, and Rio de Janeiro. He performed concerts with major orchestras on radio and television.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Keith Pring", "paragraph_text": "Born in Newport, Monmouthshire, Pring attained 3 caps for the Wales national football team, making his international debut on 1 December 1965 in place of the injured Gil Reece in a 4–2 defeat to Denmark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Quarter Pounder", "paragraph_text": "The Quarter Pounder is a hamburger sold by international fast food chain McDonald's, so named for containing a patty with a precooked weight of a quarter of a pound (113.4 g). It was first introduced in 1971. In 2013, the Quarter Pounder was expanded to represent a whole line of hamburgers that replaced the company's discontinued Angus hamburger. In 2015, McDonald's increased the precooked weight to 4.25 oz (120.5 g).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mee Pok Man", "paragraph_text": "Mee Pok Man is a 1995 Singaporean film directed by Eric Khoo. The film is Eric Khoo's debut feature, after making award-winning short films for years. It was entered into the 19th Moscow International Film Festival and showed at more than 30 film festivals worldwide, winning the FIPRESCI (The International Federation of Film Critics) Award.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Despicable Me 3", "paragraph_text": "Despicable Me 3 premiered on June 14, 2017, at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival, and was released in the United States on June 30, 2017, by Universal Pictures. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed $1 billion worldwide, making it the third - highest - grossing film of 2017, 6th - highest - grossing animated film of all time and 29th - highest - grossing overall; and also as well as being Illumination's second film to gross a billion, after the previous film Minions in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Despicable Me 3", "paragraph_text": "Despicable Me 3 premiered on June 14, 2017, at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival, and was released in the United States on June 30, 2017, by Universal Pictures. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed $1 billion worldwide, making it the third - highest - grossing film of 2017, 6th - highest - grossing animated film of all time and 30th - highest - grossing overall; and also as well as being Illumination's second film to gross a billion, after the previous film Minions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Socialist Youth International", "paragraph_text": "Socialist Youth International (in German: \"Sozialistische Jugend-Internationale\", French: \"L'Internationale de la Jeunesse Socialiste\") was an international union of socialist youth organisations. It was founded in Hamburg 1923, through the merger of the Young Workers' International and the International Community of Socialist Youth Organisations. The formation of SYI was parallel to what of the Labour and Socialist International, and LSI and SYI were closely connected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Bambi Kino", "paragraph_text": "Bambi Kino is a band formed in 2009 by four members of notable American indie rock groups, including Doug Gillard and Ira Elliot, to play music of the early 1960s for a celebration of the fiftieth anniversary of the first Beatles concerts in Hamburg, Germany. The group debuted in Hamburg in 2010 and continues to perform.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Safe Men", "paragraph_text": "Safe Men is a 1998 American criminal comedy film written and directed by John Hamburg (in his directorial debut), and stars Sam Rockwell and Steve Zahn as a pair of aspiring lounge singers who are mistaken for ace safe crackers, and get mixed up with a Jewish mobster, Big Fat Bernie Gayle (Michael Lerner) and Big Fat's intern, Veal Chop (Paul Giamatti).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "List of international goals scored by Lionel Messi", "paragraph_text": "Lionel Messi is an association football forward in the Argentina national football team. Since debuting for Argentina in 2005, Messi has scored 65 goals in 127 international appearances, making him the country's all - time top scorer, surpassing Gabriel Batistuta's record, with a free kick against United States in the semi-final of Copa América Centenario on 21 June 2016. He made his debut for Argentina in a 2 -- 1 away win over Hungary on 17 August 2005. He scored his first international goal a year later in his sixth appearance for his country against Croatia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Carl Melchior", "paragraph_text": "Carl Melchior (October 13, 1871 – December 30, 1933) was born in Hamburg. Melchior studied law and eventually was appointed a judge, and later became a German banker and vice-president of the Bank for International Settlements.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sabine Kalter", "paragraph_text": "Sabine Kalter (28 March 1889 in Jarosław – 1 September 1957 in London) was a British mezzo-soprano singer, mostly operatic. She made her professional opera debut at the Vienna Volksoper in 1911. From 1915-1934 she was a leading artist at the Hamburg State Opera. She was married to Max Aufrichtig (1879–1950), a banker in Hamburg. Their son, Keith Andrews (1920-1989), was a leading British art historian. The family fled Nazi Germany in 1934 and settled in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Despicable Me 3", "paragraph_text": "Despicable Me 3 premiered on June 14, 2017, at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival, and was released in the United States on June 30, 2017, by Universal Pictures. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed $1 billion worldwide, making it the third highest - grossing film of 2017, 6th highest - grossing animated film of all - time and 30th highest grossing overall; and also as well as being Illumination's second film to gross a billion, after the previous film Minions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Nienstedten", "paragraph_text": "Nienstedten () is a quarter in the city of Hamburg, Germany. It belongs to the Altona borough on the right bank of the Elbe river. Nienstedten is home to the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. In 2016 the population was 7,238.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Stan Lee's Lucky Man", "paragraph_text": "The first series debuted on 22 January 2016, and averaged 1.49 million viewers per episode, making it Sky 1's most successful original drama series to date. The series was renewed for a second season, which began filming in June 2016 and was first broadcast on 24 February 2017. On 25 August 2017, the series was renewed for a third series of eight new episodes. Series 3 starts filming September 2017 and will be available only on Sky 1 and TV streaming service NOW TV in the UK and Ireland beginning on 20 July 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of the hamburger", "paragraph_text": "The modern hamburger was developed in the United States, but by the end of World War II, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. The main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. Their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. McDonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. Wimpy began operating in the United Kingdom in 1954, 20 years before McDonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. On August 21, 1971, in Zaandam, near Amsterdam in the Netherlands, Ahold opened its first European franchise. In the 1970s, McDonald's began to expand into Europe and Australia. In Asia, Japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: MOS Burger (モスバーガー, Mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``Mountain, Ocean, Sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to McDonald's. All of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the Asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. In Hong Kong, Aji Ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout Asia. One of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in Amsterdam in 1941 under the brand FEBO, its name derived from its original place of creation, the Ferdinand Bolstraat.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Hermann Garrn", "paragraph_text": "Hermann Garrn (11 March 1888 – 27 March 1966), also sometimes known as Hermann Ehlers, was a German international footballer who played for SC Victoria Hamburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Andreas Schnaas", "paragraph_text": "Andreas Schnaas (born 1 April 1968 in Hamburg) is a German director and actor, working exclusively in the horror genre. Since he first appeared on the film scene in 1989, Schnaas has become a leader in Germany's ultra-violent low-budget horror film industry.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 62990, "question": "where did the hamburger make its international debut", "answer": "the United Kingdom", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 42990, "question": "who is the leader of #1 2017", "answer": "Theresa May", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Walter Edwin Arnoldi", "paragraph_text": "Walter Edwin Arnoldi (New York, December 14, 1917 – October 5, 1995) was an American engineer mainly known for the Arnoldi iteration, an eigenvalue algorithm used in numerical linear algebra. Arnoldi graduated in mechanical engineering at the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1937 and attended a Master of Science course at Harvard. He worked at United Aircraft Corp. from 1939 to 1977. His main research interests included modelling vibrations, acoustics and aerodynamics of aircraft propellers. His 1951 paper \"The principle of minimized iterations in the solution of the eigenvalue problem\" is one of the most cited papers in numerical linear algebra.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Paper", "paragraph_text": "Paper at this point is uncoated. Coated paper has a thin layer of material such as calcium carbonate or china clay applied to one or both sides in order to create a surface more suitable for high-resolution halftone screens. (Uncoated papers are rarely suitable for screens above 150 lpi.) Coated or uncoated papers may have their surfaces polished by calendering. Coated papers are divided into matte, semi-matte or silk, and gloss. Gloss papers give the highest optical density in the printed image.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "José Tomás Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "José Tomás Carrillo Sánchez (born 11 August 1968) is a Mexican politician from the Institutional Revolutionary Party. From 2010 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Veracruz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Martin Winckler", "paragraph_text": "Martin Winckler (born Marc Zaffran; 22 February 1955, in French Algeria) is a French M.D. and short story, novel and essay writer. His main subjects are the French medical system, the healing relationship and contraception; he also wrote critical papers and books about TV serials (he is one of the first specialists of this subject in France).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Mexicana (film)", "paragraph_text": "Mexicana is a 1945 American musical film directed by Alfred Santell and starring Tito Guízar, Constance Moore and Leo Carrillo. The film was one of three made by Republic Pictures in line with the American government's Good Neighbor policy towards Latin America. Its plot is almost identical to that of another Guízar vehicle \"Brazil\" (1944).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Ayandegan", "paragraph_text": "Ayandegan ( lit. \"The Future People\") was one of the most influential and popular daily newspapers in Iran during Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's rule. The paper was founded in 1967 by Daryoush Homayoun. From its start in 1967 to 1977 he also edited the paper, which held a liberal stance. The paper had its headquarters in Tehran. Following the 1979 revolution, on 8 August 1979, the revolutionary prosecutor banned the newspaper.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Wenceslao Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Wenceslao Carrillo Alonso-Forjador (1889 in Valladolid – 1963 in Charleroi, Belgium) was a prominent Spanish Socialist leader, father of Santiago Carrillo. He belonged to the \"Caballerist\" faction of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "The Times", "paragraph_text": "The Times features news for the first half of the paper, the Opinion/Comment section begins after the first news section with world news normally following this. The business pages begin on the centre spread, and are followed by The Register, containing obituaries, Court & Social section, and related material. The sport section is at the end of the main paper. The Times current prices are £1.20 for the daily edition and £1.50 for the Saturday edition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Miami", "paragraph_text": "Miami has one of the largest television markets in the nation and the second largest in the state of Florida. Miami has several major newspapers, the main and largest newspaper being The Miami Herald. El Nuevo Herald is the major and largest Spanish-language newspaper. The Miami Herald and El Nuevo Herald are Miami's and South Florida's main, major and largest newspapers. The papers left their longtime home in downtown Miami in 2013. The newspapers are now headquartered at the former home of U.S. Southern Command in Doral.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Ramón Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Born in Santiago del Estero, Ramón Carrillo attended the University of Buenos Aires and obtained a degree in Medicine in 1929 with a Gold Medal as best student in his class.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "History of paper", "paragraph_text": "Clear evidence of a water - powered paper mill dates to 1282 in the Spanish Kingdom of Aragon. A decree by the Christian king Peter III addresses the establishment of a royal ``molendinum '', a proper hydraulic mill, in the paper manufacturing centre of Xàtiva. The crown innovation originates from the Muslim Mudéjar community in the Moorish quarter of Xàtiva, where paper mills were a Muslim Mudejar operated enterprise. However, it appears to be resented by sections of the local Muslim papermakering community; the document guarantees them the right to continue the way of traditional papermaking by beating the pulp manually and grants them the right to be exempted from work in the new mill. Paper making centers began to multiply in the late 13th century in Italy, reducing the price of paper to one sixth of parchment and then falling further; paper making centers reached Germany a century later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Christopher Forgues", "paragraph_text": "He holds a B.F.A. from the Massachusetts College of Art and Design. C.F. was influenced in the 2000s by the Fort Thunder art collective in Providence, Rhode Island and did some worked with them. C.F. collaborated with Ben Jones on a zine project called \"Paper Radio\". Art in America magazine named Forgues one of the, \"most important cartoonists of their generation\" for his work with Paper Radio.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Forestry in Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "The forestry sector of Pakistan is a main source of lumber, paper, fuelwood, latex, medicine as well as food and provide ecotourism and wildlife conservation purposes. Less than 4% of land in Pakistan is covered with forests.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Wood", "paragraph_text": "Aside from water, wood has three main components. Cellulose, a crystalline polymer derived from glucose, constitutes about 41–43%. Next in abundance is hemicellulose, which is around 20% in deciduous trees but near 30% in conifers. It is mainly five-carbon sugars that are linked in an irregular manner, in contrast to the cellulose. Lignin is the third component at around 27% in coniferous wood vs. 23% in deciduous trees. Lignin confers the hydrophobic properties reflecting the fact that it is based on aromatic rings. These three components are interwoven, and direct covalent linkages exist between the lignin and the hemicellulose. A major focus of the paper industry is the separation of the lignin from the cellulose, from which paper is made.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Early American currency", "paragraph_text": "One by one, colonies began to issue their own paper money to serve as a convenient medium of exchange. In 1690, the Province of Massachusetts Bay created ``the first authorized paper money issued by any government in the Western World. ''This paper money was issued to pay for a military expedition during King William's War. Other colonies followed the example of Massachusetts Bay by issuing their own paper currency in subsequent military conflicts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Cesar Carrillo", "paragraph_text": "Cesar Carrillo (born April 29, 1984) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He was San Diego 2005 First Round pick #18 overall. He played in Major League Baseball with the San Diego Padres in 2009. Carrillo was released by the Detroit Tigers in 2013, after he was implicated in the Bio-Genesis scandal, he served a 100- game suspension under the Tigers minor league system. He was with the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Paper", "paragraph_text": "To make pulp from wood, a chemical pulping process separates lignin from cellulose fibres. This is accomplished by dissolving lignin in a cooking liquor, so that it may be washed from the cellulose; this preserves the length of the cellulose fibres. Paper made from chemical pulps are also known as wood-free papers–not to be confused with tree-free paper; this is because they do not contain lignin, which deteriorates over time. The pulp can also be bleached to produce white paper, but this consumes 5% of the fibres; chemical pulping processes are not used to make paper made from cotton, which is already 90% cellulose.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Yuan dynasty", "paragraph_text": "One of the more notable applications of printing technology was the chao, the paper money of the Yuan. Chao were made from the bark of mulberry trees. The Yuan government used woodblocks to print paper money, but switched to bronze plates in 1275. The Mongols experimented with establishing the Chinese-style paper monetary system in Mongol-controlled territories outside of China. The Yuan minister Bolad was sent to Iran, where he explained Yuan paper money to the Il-khanate court of Gaykhatu. The Il-khanate government issued paper money in 1294, but public distrust of the exotic new currency doomed the experiment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Times", "paragraph_text": "On 6 June 2005, The Times redesigned its Letters page, dropping the practice of printing correspondents' full postal addresses. Published letters were long regarded as one of the paper's key constituents. Author/solicitor David Green of Castle Morris Pembrokeshire has had more letters published on the main letters page than any other known contributor – 158 by 31 January 2008. According to its leading article, \"From Our Own Correspondents\", removal of full postal addresses was in order to fit more letters onto the page.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Guilty Generation", "paragraph_text": "The Guilty Generation is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Rowland V. Lee, starring Leo Carrillo and featuring Boris Karloff.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 152921, "question": "What city is Efren Carrillo from?", "answer": "Mexico City", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 19331, "question": "What is one of the main papers of #1 ?", "answer": "El Universal", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Economy of Malta", "paragraph_text": "During the Napoleonic Wars (1800–1815), Malta's economy prospered and became the focal point of a major trading system. In 1808, two thirds of the cargo consigned from Malta went to Levant and Egypt. Later, one half of the cargo was usually destined for Trieste. Cargo consisted of largely British and colonial-manufactured goods. Malta's economy became prosperous from this trade and many artisans, such as weavers, found new jobs in the port industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ludvonga", "paragraph_text": "Ludvonga II (c. 1855 - 1872) was the Crown Prince of Swaziland, son of Mswati II of Swaziland. His mother's clan was Khumalo. As a result of internal power struggles within the royal family, he was poisoned and died in 1872 before he could take the throne. He was succeeded by his half-brother Mbandzeni, who was adopted by Ludvonga's mother.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "Following the elections of 1973, the constitution of Swaziland was suspended by King Sobhuza II who thereafter ruled the country by decree until his death in 1982. At this point Sobhuza II had ruled Swaziland for 61 years, making him the longest ruling monarch in history. A regency followed his death, with Queen Regent Dzeliwe Shongwe being head of state until 1984 when she was removed by Liqoqo and replaced by Queen Mother Ntfombi Tfwala. Mswati III, the son of Ntfombi, was crowned king on 25 April 1986 as King and Ingwenyama of Swaziland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "The secondary and high school education system in Swaziland is a five-year programme divided into three years junior secondary and two years senior secondary. There is an external public examination (Junior Certificate) at the end of the junior secondary that learners have to pass to progress to the senior secondary level. The Examination Council of Swaziland (ECOS) administers this examination. At the end of the senior secondary level, learners sit for a public examination, the Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education (SGCSE) and International General Certificate of Secondary Education (IGCSE) which is accredited by the Cambridge International Examination (CIE). A few schools offer the Advanced Studies (AS) programme in their curriculum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Namibia follows a largely independent foreign policy, with persisting affiliations with states that aided the independence struggle, including Cuba. With a small army and a fragile economy, the Namibian Government's principal foreign policy concern is developing strengthened ties within the Southern African region. A dynamic member of the Southern African Development Community, Namibia is a vocal advocate for greater regional integration. Namibia became the 160th member of the UN on 23 April 1990. On its independence it became the fiftieth member of the Commonwealth of Nations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "China and the World Trade Organization", "paragraph_text": "China became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 11 December 2001. The admission of China to the WTO was preceded by a lengthy process of negotiations and required significant changes to the Chinese economy. It signified China's deeper integration into the world economy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means \"king\". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "The constitution for independent Swaziland was promulgated by Britain in November 1963 under the terms of which legislative and executive councils were established. This development was opposed by the Swazi National Council (liqoqo). Despite such opposition, elections took place and the first Legislative Council of Swaziland was constituted on 9 September 1964. Changes to the original constitution proposed by the Legislative Council were accepted by Britain and a new constitution providing for a House of Assembly and Senate was drawn up. Elections under this constitution were held in 1967.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is a developing mixed economy. It is the world's sixth - largest economy by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "In addition to these institutions, Swaziland also has the Swaziland Institute of Management and Public Administration (SIMPA) and Institute of Development Management (IDM). SIMPA is a government owned management and development institute and IDM is a regional organisation in Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland that provides training, consultancy, and research in management. The Mananga management centre was established as Mananga Agricultural Management Centre in 1972 as an International Management Development Centre catering for middle and senior managers, it is located at Ezulwini.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Economy of India", "paragraph_text": "The economy of India is the sixth - largest in the world measured by nominal GDP and the third - largest by purchasing power parity (PPP). The country ranks 141st in per capita GDP (nominal) with $1723 and 123rd in per capita GDP (PPP) with $6,616 as of 2016. After 1991 economic liberalisation, India achieved 6 - 7% average GDP growth annually. In FY 2015 and 2017 India's economy became the world's fastest growing major economy surpassing China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Frédéric Cuvillier", "paragraph_text": "Frédéric Cuvillier (born at Boulogne-sur-Mer on 9 December 1968) is a French politician who, until his appointment as Junior Minister for Transport and the Maritime Economy at the Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, and Energy by President François Hollande on 16 May 2012, was a member of the National Assembly of France, where he represented the 5th constituency of Pas-de-Calais on behalf of the Parti Socialiste. He was mayor of Boulogne-sur-Mer from 22 November 2002 until 2012, when he became Secretary of State for Transport and the Maritime Economy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Plymouth", "paragraph_text": "The city is home to 261,546 (mid-2014 est.) people, making it the 30th most populous built-up area in the United Kingdom. It is governed locally by Plymouth City Council and is represented nationally by three MPs. Plymouth's economy remains strongly influenced by shipbuilding and seafaring including ferry links to Brittany (Roscoff and St Malo) and Spain (Santander), but has tended toward a service-based economy since the 1990s. It has the largest operational naval base in Western Europe – HMNB Devonport and is home to Plymouth University.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Eswatini Airlink", "paragraph_text": "Eswatini Airlink was formed as a joint venture company between the Swaziland Government (60%) and Airlink (40%) to take over operations from Royal Swazi National Airways Corporation (RSNAC), the previous flag carrier of Eswatini. Swaziland Airlink started operations in July 1999 with a leased Fokker F28 aircraft from RSNAC linking Matsapha Airport with Johannesburg and Dar-es-Salaam. In June 2000, the Fokker F28 was replaced with a BAe Jetstream 41 aircraft. Swaziland Airlink became Eswatini Airlink after the country's name was changed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess", "paragraph_text": "Special bundles of the game contain a Wolf Link Amiibo figurine, which unlocks a Wii U-exclusive dungeon called the \"Cave of Shadows\" and can carry data over to the upcoming 2016 Zelda game. Other Zelda-related Amiibo figurines have distinct functions: Link and Toon Link replenish arrows, Zelda and Sheik restore Link's health, and Ganondorf causes Link to take twice as much damage.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Eswatini", "paragraph_text": "As noted above, there are 55 tinkhundla in Swaziland and each elects one representative to the House of Assembly of Swaziland. Each inkhundla has a development committee (bucopho) elected from the various constituency chiefdoms in its area for a five-year term. Bucopho bring to the inkhundla all matters of interest and concern to their various chiefdoms, and take back to the chiefdoms the decisions of the inkhundla. The chairman of the bucopho is elected at the inkhundla and is called indvuna ye nkhundla.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Marianna, Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "Marianna is a city in and the county seat of Lee County, Arkansas, United States. Located along the L'Anguille River in the Arkansas Delta just north of the St. Francis National Forest, the community was known as Walnut Ridge until 1852 when it became known as Marianna. The city's economy has historically been based on agriculture, especially cotton production. The city is located along Crowley's Ridge Parkway and the Great River Road, both National Scenic Byways showcasing Crowley's Ridge and the Mississippi River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "North Carolina was hard hit by the Great Depression, but the New Deal programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt for cotton and tobacco significantly helped the farmers. After World War II, the state's economy grew rapidly, highlighted by the growth of such cities as Charlotte, Raleigh, and Durham in the Piedmont. Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill form the Research Triangle, a major area of universities and advanced scientific and technical research. In the 1990s, Charlotte became a major regional and national banking center. Tourism has also been a boon for the North Carolina economy as people flock to the Outer Banks coastal area and the Appalachian Mountains anchored by Asheville.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Agriculture, forestry, and fishing in Japan", "paragraph_text": "Agriculture, farming, and fishing form the primary sector of industry of the Japanese economy together with the Japanese mining industry, but together they account for only 1.3% of gross national product. Only 20% of Japan's land is suitable for cultivation, and the agricultural economy is highly subsidized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Economy of the United States", "paragraph_text": "The United States has been the world's largest national economy in terms of GDP since at least the 1920s. For many years following the Great Depression of the 1930s, when danger of recession appeared most serious, the government strengthened the economy by spending heavily itself or cutting taxes so that consumers would spend more, and by fostering rapid growth in the money supply, which also encouraged more spending. Ideas about the best tools for stabilizing the economy changed substantially between the 1930s and the 1980s. From the New Deal era that began in 1933, to the Great Society initiatives of the 1960s, national policy makers relied principally on fiscal policy to influence the economy.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 35828, "question": "Which nations economy is Swaziland most linked with?", "answer": "South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 58232, "question": "what was #1 called before it became a republic", "answer": "the Union of South Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "The New York Public Library, which has the largest collection of any public library system in the United States, serves Manhattan, the Bronx, and Staten Island. Queens is served by the Queens Borough Public Library, the nation's second largest public library system, while the Brooklyn Public Library serves Brooklyn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "University of Notre Dame", "paragraph_text": "The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Vancouver Community Library", "paragraph_text": "The Vancouver Community Library is a library in Vancouver, Washington, in the United States. Part of the Fort Vancouver Regional Library District, the 83,000-square-foot library is the second largest in the Portland metropolitan area, second to the Central Library in Portland, Oregon. The library's grand opening was held on July 17, 2011. It is a LEED Gold Certified building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Royal Institute of British Architects", "paragraph_text": "The British Architectural Library, sometimes referred to as the RIBA Library, was established in 1834 upon the founding of the institute with donations from members. Now, with over four million items, it is one of the three largest architectural libraries in the world and the largest in Europe. Some items from the collections are on permanent display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in the V&A + RIBA Architecture Gallery and included in temporary exhibitions at the RIBA and across Europe and North America. Its collections include:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Smoking age", "paragraph_text": "The smoking age is the minimum legal age required to purchase or smoke tobacco products. In almost all countries citizens are eligible to buy tobacco products when they turn 18. Most countries have laws that restrict those below a minimum age from legally purchasing tobacco products.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Japan", "paragraph_text": "Japan is a member of the ASEAN Plus mechanism, UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, and the G20, and is considered a great power. Its economy is the world's third-largest by nominal GDP and the fourth-largest by purchasing power parity. It is also the world's fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Harvard University", "paragraph_text": "The Harvard University Library System is centered in Widener Library in Harvard Yard and comprises nearly 80 individual libraries holding over 18 million volumes. According to the American Library Association, this makes it the largest academic library in the United States, and one of the largest in the world. Cabot Science Library, Lamont Library, and Widener Library are three of the most popular libraries for undergraduates to use, with easy access and central locations. There are rare books, manuscripts and other special collections throughout Harvard's libraries; Houghton Library, the Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America, and the Harvard University Archives consist principally of rare and unique materials. America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases both old and new is stored in Pusey Library and open to the public. The largest collection of East-Asian language material outside of East Asia is held in the Harvard-Yenching Library.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Association for Library Service to Children", "paragraph_text": "The Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC) is a division of the American Library Association, and it is the world's largest organization dedicated to library service to children. Its members are concerned with creating a better future for children through libraries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Nectar loyalty card", "paragraph_text": "Cardholders receive points on purchases made at participating retailers both instore and online, generally beginning at one point per whole pound spent. Points for fuel at BP and Sainsbury's are awarded for each litre purchased. Extra points may be earned when buying certain products or during particular promotions. A number of other online retailers award points when purchases are made on their websites accessed through the main Nectar website.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "University of Colombo library", "paragraph_text": "University of Colombo library is a centrally administered network of libraries in University of Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is home to one of the largest and oldest collections in Sri Lanka, with its roots dating back to 1870 with the establishment of the library of the Ceylon Medical College.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Gun laws in Michigan", "paragraph_text": "At the age of 18 or up, it is legal to buy a pistol with a purchase license from a private seller, at the age of 21, it is legal to buy a firearm from a Federally licensed (FFL) dealer. No purchase license is required to purchase a long gun (a firearm that is more than 26 inches long) in Michigan. According to state law, a long gun may be purchased by anyone aged 18 or over who is not subject to restrictions based on criminal history, mental health history, or other disqualifying factor. A person must be at least 18 years old to purchase a long gun from a federal dealer or a private seller under Michigan law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "Nanjing Library, founded in 1907, houses more than 10 million volumes of printed materials and is the third largest library in China, after the National Library in Beijing and Shanghai Library. Other libraries, such as city-owned Jinling Library and various district libraries, also provide considerable amount of information to citizens. Nanjing University Library is the second largest university libraries in China after Peking University Library, and the fifth largest nationwide, especially in the number of precious collections.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Tōyō Bunko", "paragraph_text": "The , or \"Oriental Library\", is Japan's largest Asian studies library and one of the world's five largest, located in Tokyo. It also functions as a research institute dedicated to the study of Asian history and culture. It has greatly contributed to the development of Asian Studies through the acquisition of books and other source materials as well as the publication of research by Japanese scholars. Presently, the library contains approximately 950,000 volumes which are cataloged linguistically according to Asian, Western and Japanese language materials.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Branford Price Millar Library", "paragraph_text": "The Branford Price Millar Library is the library of Portland State University (PSU) in Portland, Oregon, United States. Built in 1968, the academic library was doubled in size in 1991 and houses over 1 million volumes. The five-story building is located on the school's campus on the South Park Blocks in Downtown Portland and is the largest academic library in the Portland area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Grace Keiser Maring Library", "paragraph_text": "The Grace Keiser Maring Library is located on the south side of Muncie, Indiana, USA. Built at 1808 South Madision Street, the library is next to Heekin Park, the largest and oldest community park in Muncie. The library was the first branch library built in the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Shanghai Library", "paragraph_text": "The Shanghai Library (), which also houses the Shanghai Institute of Scientific and Technological Information (), is the municipal library of Shanghai, China. It is the second largest library in China after the National Library in Beijing. At 24 stories and 348 feet (106 m) tall, it is the second tallest library in the world, as well as one of the largest. The building has a tower that looks like a giant lighthouse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Philadelphia's two major daily newspapers are The Philadelphia Inquirer, which is the eighteenth largest newspaper and third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the country, and the Philadelphia Daily News. Both newspapers were purchased from The McClatchy Company (after buying out Knight Ridder) in 2006 by Philadelphia Media Holdings and operated by the group until the organization declared bankruptcy in 2010. After two years of financial struggle, the two newspapers were sold to Interstate General Media in 2012. The two newspapers have a combined circulation of about 500,000 readers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Neuberger Museum of Art", "paragraph_text": "Neuberger Museum of Art is located in Purchase, New York, United States. It is affiliated with Purchase College, part of the State University of New York system. It is the nation's tenth-largest university museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Northwestern University", "paragraph_text": "The Northwestern library system consists of four libraries on the Evanston campus including the present main library, University Library and the original library building, Deering Library; three libraries on the Chicago campus; and the library affiliated with Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary. The University Library contains over 4.9 million volumes, 4.6 million microforms, and almost 99,000 periodicals making it (by volume) the 30th-largest university library in North America and the 10th-largest library among private universities. Notable collections in the library system include the Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies, the largest Africana collection in the world, an extensive collection of early edition printed music and manuscripts as well as late-modern works, and an art collection noted for its 19th and 20th-century Western art and architecture periodicals. The library system participates with 15 other universities in digitizing its collections as a part of the Google Book Search project. The Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art is a major art museum in Chicago, containing more than 4,000 works in its permanent collection as well as dedicating a third of its space to temporary and traveling exhibitions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Starwave", "paragraph_text": "The company merged with Infoseek and was later sold to The Walt Disney Company. In April 1998, Disney purchased the outstanding shares of Starwave from Allen after an initial buy of about 30% in 1997. The new entity, Walt Disney Internet Group (WDIG) developed the Go.com portal.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 66710, "question": "who did we buy the lousiana purchase from", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 26878, "question": "What is the second largest library in #1 ?", "answer": "Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "libraries", "Library", "library" ]