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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Melodifestivalen 1986", "paragraph_text": "Melodifestivalen 1986 was the selection for the 26th song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 25th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 90 songs were submitted to SVT for the competition. The final was broadcast on TV1 and was not broadcast on radio. No orchestra was used, and instead the ten songs were broadcast as music videos. The five songs that qualified for the second round were performed live to backing track.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "In seasons ten and eleven, a further round was added in Las Vegas, where the contestants perform in groups based on a theme, followed by one final solo round to determine the semi-finalists. At the end of this stage of the competition, 24 to 36 contestants are selected to move on to the semi-final stage. In season twelve the Las Vegas round became a Sudden Death round, where the judges had to choose five guys and five girls each night (four nights) to make the top twenty. In season thirteen, a new round called \"Hollywood or Home\" was added, where if the judges were uncertain about some contestants, those contestants were required to perform soon after landing in Los Angeles, and those who failed to impress were sent back home before they reached Hollywood.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "List of Winnipeg Jets seasons", "paragraph_text": "The franchise was founded in 1999, and played eleven seasons in Atlanta, Georgia as the Atlanta Thrashers before moving to Winnipeg in 2011. The team has played six seasons in Winnipeg. They qualified for the playoffs once, in 2015, and lost in the first round to the Anaheim Ducks four games to none.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The top ten (eleven in season ten) toured at the end of every season. In the season twelve tour a semi-finalist who won a sing-off was also added to the tour. Kellogg's Pop-Tarts was the sponsor for the first seven seasons, and Guitar Hero was added for the season seven tour. M&M's Pretzel Chocolate Candies was a sponsor of the season nine tour. The season five tour was the most successful tour with gross of over $35 million.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "During seasons one through six (2006 -- 11), the live shows were filmed at Stage 36 of CBS Television City in Los Angeles. In season seven (2012), the live shows were held at the New Jersey Performing Arts Center in Newark. From seasons eight through ten (2013 -- 15), live performances were held at Radio City Music Hall in New York. From season eleven (2016) onwards the live shows are being held at the Dolby Theatre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "With the exception of seasons one and two, the contestants in the semifinals onwards perform in front of a studio audience. They perform with a full band in the finals. From season four to season nine, the American Idol band was led by Rickey Minor; from season ten onwards, Ray Chew. Assistance may also be given by vocal coaches and song arrangers, such as Michael Orland and Debra Byrd to contestants behind the scene. Starting with season seven, contestants may perform with a musical instrument from the Hollywood rounds onwards. In the first nine seasons, performances were usually aired live on Tuesday nights, followed by the results shows on Wednesdays in the United States and Canada, but moved to Wednesdays and Thursdays in season ten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "This was the first season where the contestants were permitted to perform in the final rounds songs they wrote themselves. In the Top 8, Sam Woolf received the fewest votes, but he was saved from elimination by the judges. The 500th episode of the series was the Top 3 performance night.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Once in Hollywood, the contestants perform individually or in groups in a series of rounds. Until season ten, there were usually three rounds of eliminations in Hollywood. In the first round the contestants emerged in groups but performed individually. For the next round, the contestants put themselves in small groups and perform a song together. In the final round, the contestants perform solo with a song of their choice a cappella or accompanied by a band‍—‌depending on the season. In seasons two and three, contestants were also asked to write original lyrics or melody in an additional round after the first round. In season seven, the group round was eliminated and contestants may, after a first solo performance and on judges approval, skip a second solo round and move directly to the final Hollywood round. In season twelve, the executive producers split up the females and males and chose the members to form the groups in the group round.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "From the semi-finals onwards, the fate of the contestants is decided by public vote. During the contestant's performance as well as the recap at the end, a toll-free telephone number for each contestant is displayed on the screen. For a two-hour period after the episode ends (up to four hours for the finale) in each US time zone, viewers may call or send a text message to their preferred contestant's telephone number, and each call or text message is registered as a vote for that contestant. Viewers are allowed to vote as many times as they can within the two-hour voting window. However, the show reserves the right to discard votes by power dialers. One or more of the least popular contestants may be eliminated in successive weeks until a winner emerges. Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million. Voting via text messaging was made available in the second season when AT&T Wireless joined as a sponsor of the show, and 7.5 million text messages were sent to American Idol that season. The number of text messages rapidly increased, reaching 178 million texts by season eight. Online voting was offered for the first time in season ten. The votes are counted and verified by Telescope Inc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Excalibur (rock opera)", "paragraph_text": "Excalibur is a three-part \"Celtic rock opera\" written and directed by Breton folk-rock musician Alan Simon, the first part of which premiered in 1998, and was released as an album in the following year under the French title \"Excalibur, La légende des Celtes\". Its success in France led to two more albums and two novels. In 2009 a spectacular adaptation combining material from the first two albums was performed in Germany under the English title \"Excalibur: the Celtic Rock Opera\", with great success. It was extended with material from the third album in 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "During the live shows, a group of acts ranging from only a Top 20 (season two), to as many as 60, compete for viewers' and judges' votes. In the first season, the judges could not end an act's performance, but could either ``check ''or`` X'' the performance during their critique. Since season two (2007), judges have been able to end an act's performance early, and the ``check ''was removed. Generally, acts each perform first in a live round consisting of a series of quarterfinals. In seasons with YouTube auditions, the round of live judging of YouTube finalists takes place then, as part of these quarterfinals. Then there may be additional shows for`` Wild Card'' acts -- acts that one or more of the judges select to be given one more chance for audience vote despite previous elimination. From these shows, the existing group is narrowed through votes by the public and / or the judges (depending on the season). Acts then move on to a semifinal round, and even further rounds (such as a ``Top 8 ''or a`` Top 10'', depending on the season) through a series of weekly shows, which trim the number of acts down each time based on a public vote. In the majority of seasons, judges have had no vote from the semifinals. All these rounds culminate in a live final, which has consisted of anywhere from four to ten acts throughout the seasons. The act with the most votes is declared the winner, given $1 million, and, since season three (2008), a chance to headline a show on the Las Vegas Strip.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The finals are broadcast in prime time from CBS Television City in Los Angeles, in front of a live studio audience. The finals lasted eight weeks in season one, eleven weeks in subsequent seasons until seasons ten and eleven which lasted twelve weeks except for season twelve, which lasted ten weeks, and season thirteen, which lasted for thirteen weeks. Each finalist performs songs based on a weekly theme which may be a musical genre such as Motown, disco, or big band, songs by artists such as Michael Jackson, Elvis Presley or The Beatles, or more general themes such as Billboard Number 1 hits or songs from the contestant's year of birth. Contestants usually work with a celebrity mentor related to the theme. In season ten, Jimmy Iovine was brought in as a mentor for the season. Initially the contestants sing one song each week, but this is increased to two songs from top four or five onwards, then three songs for the top two or three.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Season ten is the first to include online auditions where contestants could submit a 40-second video audition via Myspace. Karen Rodriguez was one such auditioner and reached the final rounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "In the first three seasons, the semi-finalists were split into different groups to perform individually in their respective night. In season one, there were three groups of ten, with the top three contestants from each group making the finals. In seasons two and three, there were four groups of eight, and the top two of each selected. These seasons also featured a wildcard round, where contestants who failed to qualify were given another chance. In season one, only one wildcard contestant was chosen by the judges, giving a total of ten finalists. In seasons two and three, each of the three judges championed one contestant with the public advancing a fourth into the finals, making 12 finalists in all.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The American Idol Songwriter contest was also held this season. From ten of the most popular submissions, each of the final two contestants chose a song to perform, although neither of their selections was used as the \"coronation song\". The winning song, \"The Time of My Life\", was recorded by David Cook and released on May 22, 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Net als toen", "paragraph_text": "\"Net als toen\" (\"Just like then\") was the winning song of the Eurovision Song Contest 1957 performed in Dutch by Corry Brokken representing the Netherlands. It received 31 points, placing it first in a field of ten.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "David Archuleta's performance of John Lennon's \"Imagine\" was considered by many as one of the best of the season. Jennifer Lopez, who was brought in as a judge in season ten, called it a beautiful song-moment that she will never forget. Jason Castro's semi-final performance of \"Hallelujah\" also received considerable attention, and it propelled Jeff Buckley's version of the song to the top of the Billboard digital song chart. This was the first season in which contestants' recordings were released onto iTunes after their performances, and although sales information was not released so as not to prejudice the contest, leaked information indicated that contestants' songs frequently reached the top of iTunes sales charts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Excalibur Hotel and Casino", "paragraph_text": "Circus Circus Enterprises constructed Excalibur which opened on June 19, 1990, as the largest hotel in the world, with over 4,000 rooms, covering over 70 acres. As of 2016 it is the seventh - largest hotel (by total number of rooms) in Las Vegas, and the eleventh - largest hotel worldwide. MGM Resorts International purchased the property in 2005.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "The most popular contestants are usually not revealed in the results show. Instead, typically the three contestants (two in later rounds) who received the lowest number of votes are called to the center of the stage. One of these three is usually sent to safety; however the two remaining are not necessarily the bottom two. The contestant with the fewest votes is then revealed and eliminated from the competition. A montage of the eliminated contestant's time on the show is played and they give their final performance. However, in season six, during the series' first ever Idol Gives Back episode, no contestant was eliminated, but on the following week, two were sent home. Moreover, starting in season eight, the judges may overturn viewers' decision with a \"Judges' Save\" if they unanimously agree to. \"The save\" can only be used once, and only up through the top five. In the eighth, ninth, tenth, and fourteenth seasons, a double elimination then took place in the week following the activation of the save, but in the eleventh and thirteenth seasons, a regular single elimination took place. The save was not activated in the twelfth season and consequently, a non-elimination took place in the week after its expiration with the votes then carrying over into the following week.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Season five began on January 17, 2006. It remains the highest-rated season in the show's run so far. Two of the more prominent contestants during the Hollywood round were the Brittenum twins who were later disqualified for identity theft.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 3026, "question": "In what city did contestants perform an additional round in seasons ten and eleven?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 77638, "question": "when was the excalibur built in #1", "answer": "1990", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Black Hawk, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "Ameristar Casino Resort Spa Black Hawk, owned by Ameristar Casinos Black Hawk Station Bull Durham Saloon & Casino Canyon Casino Saratoga Casino Black Hawk, owned by Saratoga Harness Racing Gilpin Hotel Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Golden Gates Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Gulch Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Golden Mardi Gras Casino, owned by Affinity Gaming Isle of Capri Black Hawk, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos Lady Luck Casino, owned by Isle of Capri Casinos The Lodge Casino, owned by Jacobs Entertainment Monarch Casino, owned by Monarch Casino & Resort, Inc. Red Dolly Casino Sasquatch Casino Wild Card Casino Z Casino", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City", "paragraph_text": "The Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Atlantic City (formerly Trump Taj Mahal) is a casino and hotel on the Boardwalk, owned by Hard Rock International, in Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "2002 US Open (tennis)", "paragraph_text": "Both Lleyton Hewitt and Venus Williams were unsuccessful in their title defences, Hewitt being defeated in the semifinals by Andre Agassi and Venus being defeated in the final by her younger sister Serena. It was the third of four consecutive Grand Slam titles won by Serena, all won by defeating Venus in the final. Pete Sampras, runner - up in 2001, won his fifth US Open title, and his 14th and final Grand Slam title, defeating his rival Agassi in the final in four sets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Andre Agassi", "paragraph_text": "After suffering from sciatica caused by two bulging discs in his back, a spondylolisthesis (vertebral displacement) and a bone spur that interfered with the nerve, Agassi retired from professional tennis on September 3, 2006, after losing in the third round of the US Open to Benjamin Becker. He is the founder of the Andre Agassi Charitable Foundation, which has raised over $60 million for at-risk children in Southern Nevada. In 2001, the Foundation opened the Andre Agassi College Preparatory Academy in Las Vegas, a K-12 public charter school for at-risk children. He has been married to fellow tennis player Steffi Graf since 2001.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "List of ATP number 1 ranked singles tennis players", "paragraph_text": "Rank Player Total 1. Federer, Roger Roger Federer 302 2. Sampras, Pete Pete Sampras 286 3. Lendl, Ivan Ivan Lendl 270 4. Connors, Jimmy Jimmy Connors 268 5. Djokovic, Novak Novak Djokovic 223 6. McEnroe, John John McEnroe 170 7. Nadal, Rafael Rafael Nadal 146 8. Borg, Björn Björn Borg 109 9. Agassi, Andre Andre Agassi 101 10. Hewitt, Lleyton Lleyton Hewitt 80 11. Edberg, Stefan Stefan Edberg 72 12. Courier, Jim Jim Courier 58 13. Kuerten, Gustavo Gustavo Kuerten 43 14. Murray, Andy Andy Murray 41 15. Năstase, Ilie Ilie Năstase 40 16. Wilander, Mats Mats Wilander 20 17. Roddick, Andy Andy Roddick 13 18. Becker, Boris Boris Becker 12 19. Safin, Marat Marat Safin 9 20. Newcombe, John John Newcombe 8 Ferrero, Juan Carlos Juan Carlos Ferrero 22. Muster, Thomas Thomas Muster 6 Ríos, Marcelo Marcelo Ríos Kafelnikov, Yevgeny Yevgeny Kafelnikov 25. Moyá, Carlos Carlos Moyá 26. Rafter, Patrick Patrick Rafter * active players - current No. 1 in bold Rank Player Consecutive 1. Federer, Roger Roger Federer 237 2. Connors, Jimmy Jimmy Connors 160 3. Lendl, Ivan Ivan Lendl 157 4. Djokovic, Novak Novak Djokovic 122 5. Sampras, Pete Pete Sampras 102 6. Jimmy Connors (2) 84 7. Pete Sampras (2) 82 8. Ivan Lendl (2) 80 9. Hewitt, Lleyton Lleyton Hewitt 75 10. McEnroe, John John McEnroe 58 11. Nadal, Rafael Rafael Nadal 56 12. John McEnroe (2) 53 Novak Djokovic (2) 14. Agassi, Andre Andre Agassi 52 15. Roger Federer (2) 48 Novak Djokovic (3) 17. Borg, Björn Björn Borg 46 Rafael Nadal (2) 19. Murray, Andy Andy Murray 41 20. Năstase, Ilie Ilie Năstase 40 * current streak in bold", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Wind Creek Bethlehem", "paragraph_text": "The casino is owned, operated, and constructed by the Las Vegas Sands corporation. It is one of five stand - alone casinos that was awarded a slots license by the Pennsylvania Gaming Control Board on December 20, 2006. The casino was slated to open in July 2008, but demolition took longer than expected due to the heavy concrete foundations of the old steel building. Its opening was delayed until the second quarter of 2009. The first concrete for the complex, which is located on the former Bethlehem Steel land on the South side of the city, was poured on November 15, 2007.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Roger Federer", "paragraph_text": "In 2003, Federer won his first Grand Slam singles title at Wimbledon, beating Mark Philippoussis in the final. Federer won his first and only doubles Masters Series 1000 event in Miami with Max Mirnyi and made it to one singles Masters Series 1000 event in Rome on clay, which he lost. Federer made it to nine finals on the ATP Tour and won seven of them, including the 500 series events at Dubai and Vienna. Lastly, Federer won the year - end championships over Andre Agassi, finishing the year as world # 2, narrowly behind Andy Roddick by only 160 points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "1968 Tasmanian casino referendum", "paragraph_text": "The Tasmanian casino referendum was a one-question referendum held on 14 December 1968, which concerned the granting of Australia's first casino licence to the Federal Group to operate the Wrest Point Hotel Casino in Sandy Bay.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "MGM Grand Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "When the latest MGM Grand opened on December 18, 1993, it was owned by MGM Grand Inc. At that time it had an extensive Wizard of Oz theme, including the green ``Emerald City ''color of the building and the decorative use of Wizard of Oz memorabilia. After entering the casino's main entrance, one would find themselves in the Oz Casino facing Emerald City. Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, and the Cowardly Lion were seen in front of the city. The Emerald City attraction featured an elaborate yellow brick road walk - through, complete with the cornfield, apple orchard, and haunted forest, as well as audio - animatronic figures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, the Tin Man, the Cowardly Lion, and the Wicked Witch of the West. It would end at the door of the city, leading inside for a performance of`` The Wizard's Secrets''. When MGM Grand began its extensive refurbishment in 1996, the Oz Casino was the first to go. The Emerald City was completely demolished, and the Emerald City Gift Shop was moved to a new shopping section of the casino. The store remained open until early 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tropicana Evansville", "paragraph_text": "Tropicana Evansville is a casino in downtown Evansville, Indiana, owned and operated by Tropicana Entertainment. Originally named Casino Aztar, it was opened by Aztar Corporation in 1995 as the state's first casino.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "1991 French Open – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Ninth-seeded Jim Courier defeated Andre Agassi 3–6, 6–4, 2–6, 6–1, 6–4 in the final to win the Men's Singles tennis title at the 1991 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "MGM Springfield", "paragraph_text": "MGM Springfield is a $960 million resort casino under construction in Springfield, Massachusetts. The casino, which is scheduled to open on August 24th, 2018, will be owned and operated by MGM Resorts International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "WMOS", "paragraph_text": "WMOS (102.3 FM, \"102.3 The Wolf\") is a classic rock radio station that targets the Connecticut and Rhode Island coastlines from New London, Connecticut to South Kingstown, Rhode Island (according to Radio-Locator) and it is licensed to Stonington, Connecticut. It broadcasts at 102.3 MHz with 3 kilowatts ERP from a tower located in Westerly, Rhode Island. The station is owned and operated by Cumulus Media and is \"powered by Mohegan Sun,\" the casino in Uncasville. The Mohegan Sun casino also hosts the station's studios.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1999 Wimbledon Championships – Men's Singles", "paragraph_text": "Pete Sampras successfully defended his title, defeating Andre Agassi in the final, 6–3, 6–4, 7–5 to win the Gentlemen's Singles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships. With this win, his sixth at Wimbledon, Sampras broke Björn Borg's then open era record of five Wimbledon titles, and equalled Roy Emerson's then record of twelve Grand Slam titles. Sampras' victory over Agassi in the final is often cited as one of the greatest performances in a Wimbledon final. However, despite his victory, Sampras lost his No. 1 ranking when the ATP rankings were updated a day later to Agassi, who in addition to his run to the Wimbledon Final, had recently won the 1999 French Open.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "In July 2010, Governor Chris Christie announced that a state takeover of the city and local government \"was imminent\". Comparing regulations in Atlantic City to an \"antique car\", Atlantic City regulatory reform is a key piece of Gov. Chris Christie's plan, unveiled on July 22, to reinvigorate an industry mired in a four-year slump in revenue and hammered by fresh competition from casinos in the surrounding states of Delaware, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, and more recently, Maryland. In January 2011, Chris Christie announced the Atlantic City Tourism District, a state-run district encompassing the boardwalk casinos, the marina casinos, the Atlantic City Outlets, and Bader Field. Fairleigh Dickinson University's PublicMind poll surveyed New Jersey voters' attitudes on the takeover. The February 16, 2011 survey showed that 43% opposed the measure while 29% favored direct state oversight. Interestingly, the poll also found that even South Jersey voters expressed opposition to the plan; 40% reported they opposed the measure and 37% reported they were in favor of it.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Four Queens", "paragraph_text": "The Four Queens Hotel and Casino is located in downtown Las Vegas on the Fremont Street Experience. The 690 - room hotel and 40,000 sq ft (3,700 m) casino is owned and operated by TLC Enterprises, which acquired the property from the Elsinore Corporation in 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rio All-Suite Hotel and Casino", "paragraph_text": "Rio Las Vegas is a hotel and casino near the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, United States. It is owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment Corporation. The Rio was the first all suite resort in the Las Vegas area. It was named after the city of Rio de Janeiro and is influenced by Brazilian culture. It is the host casino for the World Series of Poker.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Nugget Casino Resort", "paragraph_text": "Nugget Casino Resort (formerly Dick Graves' Nugget and John Ascuaga's Nugget) is a hotel and casino located in Sparks, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Marnell Gaming. The main portion of the casino consists of two 29-story towers nestled between Interstate 80 and the Union Pacific rail yard. There are additional attached buildings underneath and across I-80 from the towers. It is located in Downtown Sparks at the Victorian Square.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Harrah's Casino Tunica", "paragraph_text": "Harrah's Casino Tunica, formerly Grand Casino Tunica, was a casino and resort located in Tunica Resorts, Mississippi. It was owned and operated by Caesars Entertainment. The casino offered a casino and three hotels with a total of 1,356 rooms. There was also an RV park, the Bellissimo Spa & Salon, a convention center, and a 2,500 seat entertainment venue called the Harrah's Event Center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Aquarius Casino Resort", "paragraph_text": "Aquarius Casino Resort (formerly Flamingo Hilton Laughlin and Flamingo Laughlin) is a hotel and casino located on the banks of the Colorado River in Laughlin, Nevada. It is owned and operated by Golden Entertainment and is the largest hotel in Laughlin.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 152871, "question": "What city is Andre Agassi from?", "answer": "Las Vegas", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 66442, "question": "who owns the south point casino #1", "answer": "Michael Gaughan", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "SEKEM", "paragraph_text": "The organization SEKEM (Ancient Egyptian: 'vitality from the sun') was founded in 1977 by the Egyptian pharmacologist and social entrepreneur Dr. Ibrahim Abouleish in order to bring about cultural renewal in Egypt on a sustainable basis. Located northeast of Cairo, the organization now includes:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Joseph Fontenrose", "paragraph_text": "Joseph Eddy Fontenrose (17 June 1903, Sutter Creek – 7 July 1986, Ashland, Oregon) was an American classical scholar. He was centrally interested in Greek religion and Greek mythology; he was also an expert on John Steinbeck, commenting on the mythology in Steinbeck's work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered around the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "Critics stated that both The Sun and Lord Kilbracken cherry-picked the results from one specific study while ignoring other data reports on HIV infection and not just AIDS infection, which the critics viewed as unethical politicisation of a medical issue. Lord Kilbracken himself criticised The Sun's editorial and the headline of its news story; he stated that while he thought that gay people were more at risk of developing AIDS it was still wrong to imply that no one else could catch the disease. The Press Council condemned The Sun for committing what it called a \"gross distortion\". The Sun later ran an apology, which they ran on Page 28. Journalist David Randall argued in the textbook The Universal Journalist that The Sun's story was one of the worst cases of journalistic malpractice in recent history, putting its own readers in harm's way.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Seti I", "paragraph_text": "Menmaatre Seti I (or Sethos I as in Greek) was a pharaoh of the New Kingdom Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt, the son of Ramesses I and Sitre, and the father of Ramesses II. As with all dates in Ancient Egypt, the actual dates of his reign are unclear, and various historians claim different dates, with 1294 BC to 1279 BC and 1290 BC to 1279 BC being the most commonly used by scholars today.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Sokratis Lagoudakis", "paragraph_text": "Sokratis Lagoudakis () (born 1861 in Crete – died June 3, 1944 in Alexandria, Egypt) was a Greek long-distance runner who competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ahmed Temsah", "paragraph_text": "Ahmed Temsah () (born 12 April 1986) is an Egyptian footballer who plays for El Dakhleya, as well as the Egypt national football team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Egypt", "paragraph_text": "Of the Christian minority in Egypt over 90% belong to the native Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, an Oriental Orthodox Christian Church. Other native Egyptian Christians are adherents of the Coptic Catholic Church, the Evangelical Church of Egypt and various other Protestant denominations. Non-native Christian communities are largely found in the urban regions of Cairo and Alexandria, such as the Syro-Lebanese, who belong to Greek Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Maronite Catholic denominations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Leona Woods", "paragraph_text": "Leona Harriet Woods (August 9, 1919 – November 10, 1986), later known as Leona Woods Marshall and Leona Woods Marshall Libby, was an American physicist who helped build the first nuclear reactor and the first atomic bomb.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "The Day After Trinity", "paragraph_text": "The Day After Trinity (a.k.a. The Day After Trinity: J. Robert Oppenheimer and the Atomic Bomb) is a 1980 documentary film directed and produced by Jon H. Else in association with KTEH public television in San Jose, California. The film tells the story of J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967), the theoretical physicist who led the effort to build the first atomic bomb, tested in July 1945 at Trinity site in New Mexico. Featuring candid interviews with several Manhattan Project scientists, as well as newly declassified archival footage, \"The Day After Trinity\" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature of 1980, and received a Peabody Award in 1981.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Roselawn, Indiana", "paragraph_text": "Roselawn is known within northwestern Indiana for the two nudist resorts which operate in this town: the Ponderosa Sun Club and Sun Aura. Sun Aura resort was previously known as Naked City, but closed in 1986 after its operator, Dick Drost, encountered significant legal troubles. The resort continued to operate under several different owners and was known as Sunspot resort prior to becoming Sun Aura. The clubs are long-standing fixtures of the community, dating to the 1930s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Africa", "paragraph_text": "In the late 19th century, the European imperial powers engaged in a major territorial scramble and occupied most of the continent, creating many colonial territories, and leaving only two fully independent states: Ethiopia (known to Europeans as ``Abyssinia ''), and Liberia. Egypt and Sudan were never formally incorporated into any European colonial empire; however, after the British occupation of 1882, Egypt was effectively under British administration until 1922.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ancient Greece", "paragraph_text": "Eventually Greek colonization reached as far northeast as present day Ukraine and Russia (Taganrog). To the west the coasts of Illyria, Sicily and Southern Italy were settled, followed by Southern France, Corsica, and even northeastern Spain. Greek colonies were also founded in Egypt and Libya.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Near East", "paragraph_text": "One such institution is the Centre for the Study of Ancient Documents (CSAD) founded by and located centrally at Oxford University, Great Britain. Among its many activities CSAD numbers \"a long-term project to create a library of digitised images of Greek inscriptions.\" These it arranges by region. The Egypt and the Near East region besides Egypt includes Cyprus, Persia and Afghanistan but not Asia Minor (a separate region).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cinderella", "paragraph_text": "The oldest known version of the Cinderella story is the ancient Greek story of Rhodopis, a Greek courtesan living in the colony of Naucratis in Egypt, whose name means ``Rosy - Cheeks ''. The story is first recorded by the Greek geographer Strabo in his Geographica (book 17, 33), probably written around 7 BC or thereabouts:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Archimedes", "paragraph_text": "Archimedes was born c. 287 BC in the seaport city of Syracuse, Sicily, at that time a self-governing colony in Magna Graecia. The date of birth is based on a statement by the Byzantine Greek historian John Tzetzes that Archimedes lived for 75 years. In The Sand Reckoner, Archimedes gives his father's name as Phidias, an astronomer about whom nothing else is known. Plutarch wrote in his Parallel Lives that Archimedes was related to King Hiero II, the ruler of Syracuse. A biography of Archimedes was written by his friend Heracleides but this work has been lost, leaving the details of his life obscure. It is unknown, for instance, whether he ever married or had children. During his youth, Archimedes may have studied in Alexandria, Egypt, where Conon of Samos and Eratosthenes of Cyrene were contemporaries. He referred to Conon of Samos as his friend, while two of his works (The Method of Mechanical Theorems and the Cattle Problem) have introductions addressed to Eratosthenes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2004 Sinai bombings", "paragraph_text": "The 2004 Sinai bombings were three bomb attacks targeting tourist hotels in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, on 7 October 2004. The attacks left 34 people dead and 171 injured.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "The Sun (United Kingdom)", "paragraph_text": "The Sun, during the Miners' strike of 1984–85, supported the police and the Thatcher government against the striking NUM miners, and in particular the union's president, Arthur Scargill. On 23 May 1984, The Sun prepared a front page with the headline \"Mine Führer\" and a photograph of Scargill with his arm in the air, a pose which made him look as though he was giving a Nazi salute. The print workers at The Sun refused to print it. The Sun strongly supported the April 1986 bombing of Libya by the US, which was launched from British bases. Several civilians were killed during the bombing. Their leader was \"Right Ron, Right Maggie\". That year, Labour MP Clare Short attempted in vain to persuade Parliament to outlaw the pictures on Page Three and gained opprobrium from the newspaper for her stand.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Portrait (Lynda Carter album)", "paragraph_text": "Portrait is the first album by the American actress Lynda Carter. It was released in 1978 on vinyl LP, 8-track and cassette as well as a limited edition picture LP. Carter co-wrote three of the songs: \"Want to Get Beside You,\" \"Fantasy Man\" and \"Toto (Don't It Feel Like Paradise)\". The album also included the cover songs \"She's Always a Woman\" by Billy Joel and \"Just One Look\" by Doris Troy. Promotional singles were released for \"All Night Song\" and \"Toto (Don't It Feel Like Paradise).\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "American Renaissance", "paragraph_text": "The American Renaissance was a period of American architecture and the arts from 1876 to 1917, characterized by renewed national self-confidence and a feeling that the United States was the heir to Greek democracy, Roman law, and Renaissance humanism. The era spans the period between the Centennial Exposition (celebrating the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence) and the United States' entry into World War I.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159408, "question": "Where else besides Egypt were Greek colonies?", "answer": "Libya", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 21249, "question": "How did The Sun feel about the American bombing of #1 in 1986?", "answer": "strongly supported the April 1986 bombing", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Keith Farnham", "paragraph_text": "Keith Farnham (September 22, 1947 – June 18, 2017) was a Democratic former member of the Illinois House of Representatives who resigned from office and pleaded guilty to distributing child pornography in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "The Russell Girl", "paragraph_text": "The Russell Girl is a 2008 television movie directed by Jeff Bleckner. It premiered on the Hallmark Channel on January 27, 2008 and stars Amber Tamblyn as a young medical student who must come to terms with her past.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "House of Burgesses", "paragraph_text": "To encourage settlers to come to Virginia, in November, 1618 the Virginia Company's leaders gave instructions to the new Governor Sir George Yeardley, which became known as ``the great charter. ''Emigrants who paid their own way to Virginia would receive fifty acres of land and not be mere tenants. Civil authority would control the military. In 1619, based on the instructions, Governor Yeardley initiated the election 22 burgesses by the settlements and Jamestown, who, together with the royally - appointed Governor and six - member Council of State, would form the first General Assembly as a unicameral body. The governor could veto its actions and the Company still maintained overall control of the venture, but the settlers would have a limited say in the management of their own affairs, including their finances. A House of Assembly was created at the same time in Bermuda (which had also been settled by the Virginia Company, and was by then managed by its offshoot, the Somers Isles Company) and held its first session in 1620.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "A Letter of Mary", "paragraph_text": "A Letter of Mary is the third in the Mary Russell mystery series of novels by Laurie R. King. This is the first case that Mary Russell and Sherlock Holmes work on together as husband and wife. The story features a cameo by Lord Peter Wimsey", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Millican, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Millican is a town in Brazos County, Texas, United States. The population was 240 at the 2010 census, up from 108 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Bryan–College Station metropolitan area. Millican is named after Robert Millican, the first white settler of the region that would come to be known as Brazos County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Bobby Dazzler", "paragraph_text": "Bobby Dazzler is an Australian television sitcom produced by Crawford Productions, starring pop singer John Farnham as the title character: up and coming pop music star Bobby Farrell. The other regular cast members were Maurie Fields as Bobby's father Fred, an old vaudeville performer; and Olivia Hamnett as Bobby's officious manager Della McDermott. It was aired on the Seven Network during the summer of 1977-78.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Russel Farnham", "paragraph_text": "Russel Farnham was born in Massachusetts in 1784 and left home to join one of two expeditions organized by John Jacob Astor to establish the Pacific Fur Company at the mouth of the Columbia River. Farnham, hired as a clerk, was part of the \"Tonquin\" party under Captain Jonathan Thorn who were to travel by sea around Cape Horn arriving on the Pacific coast. However, the party soon met with disaster with the death of Thorn and the destruction of their ship soon after their arrival.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Two Eyes", "paragraph_text": "\"Two Eyes\" was Russell's first and only album with Warner Bros. Records, whom she signed with after leaving A&M Records (the label that had released her first two solo albums). However, despite the impressive list of personnel, the album was not a commercial success and Russell's contract with Warner Bros. came to an end. Russell would return to A&M a few years later for her next album.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Farnham, New York", "paragraph_text": "Farnham is a village in the town of Brant, Erie County, New York, United States. The population of Farnham was 382 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Buffalo–Niagara Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village is named after Leroy Farnham, a local landowner and merchant.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of Massachusetts", "paragraph_text": "Massachusetts was first colonized by principally English Europeans in the early 17th century, and became the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the 18th century. Prior to English colonization of the area, it was inhabited by a variety of mainly Algonquian language indigenous tribes. The first permanent English settlement in New England came in 1620 with the founding of Plymouth Colony by the Pilgrims who sailed on the Mayflower. It set precedents but never grew large. A large - scale Puritan migration began in 1630 with the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and spawned the settlement of other New England colonies. Friction with the natives erupted in the high - casualty King Philip's War in the 1670s. Puritanism was the established religion and was strictly enforced; dissenters were exiled. The Colony clashed with Anglican opponents in England over its religious intolerance and the status of its charter. Most people were farmers. Businessmen established wide - ranging trade links, sending ships to the West Indies and Europe, and sometimes shipping goods in violation of the Navigation Acts. These political and trade issues led to the revocation of the Massachusetts charter in 1684.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mrs. Beautiful", "paragraph_text": "It tells the story of Roxanne, a tough heroine from West Virginia who comes north to the boomtown of Pittsburgh. There she becomes involved with characters like Diamond Jim Brady, Lillian Russell, William Trautmann, as well as with events of the Pressed Steel Car Strike of 1909 in nearby McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Farnham Town F.C.", "paragraph_text": "Farnham Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Farnham, Surrey, England. They are currently members of the and play at the Memorial Ground.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Bravest Man in the Universe", "paragraph_text": "The Bravest Man in the Universe is the twenty-seventh and final studio album by the American soul artist Bobby Womack. Released in June 8, 2012, it was his first studio album since 2000 and his first album of original material since 1994's \"Resurrection\". It was produced by Damon Albarn and Richard Russell and released on the UK-based XL Recordings label. \"The Bravest Man in the Universe\" is the final album to be released in Womack's lifetime, as \"The Best Is Yet to Come\" will be released posthumously.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "USS Comfort (AH-6)", "paragraph_text": "The second USS \"Comfort\" (AH-6) was launched 18 March 1943 by Consolidated Steel Corporation, Wilmington, California, under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by First Lieutenant E. Hatchitt, USAMC; transferred to the Navy the same day; converted to a hospital ship by Bethlehem Steel Co., San Pedro, Calif.; and commissioned 5 May 1944 with Commander Harold Farnham Fultz in command.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Roswell Farnham", "paragraph_text": "Roswell Farnham (July 23, 1827January 5, 1903) was an American politician of the Republican Party, an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War, a lawyer, and the 38th Governor of Vermont.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "History of Austin, Texas", "paragraph_text": "The recorded history of Austin, Texas, began in the 1830s when Anglo - American settlers arrived in Central Texas. In 1837 settlers founded the village of Waterloo on the banks of the Colorado River, the first permanent settlement in the area. By 1839, Waterloo would adopt the name Austin and become the capital of the Republic of Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Gartan", "paragraph_text": "Gartan () is a parish in County Donegal, Ireland. It is best known for being the birthplace of Columba, one of the three patron saints of Ireland and one of the most revered saints in the Christian world. Here he founded a monastery in 521. The popular song \"Gartan Mother's Lullaby\" comes from the area, and has been performed by many artists, including American actress Meryl Streep.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "British Empire", "paragraph_text": "Political boundaries drawn by the British did not always reflect homogeneous ethnicities or religions, contributing to conflicts in formerly colonised areas. The British Empire was also responsible for large migrations of peoples. Millions left the British Isles, with the founding settler populations of the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand coming mainly from Britain and Ireland. Tensions remain between the white settler populations of these countries and their indigenous minorities, and between white settler minorities and indigenous majorities in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Settlers in Ireland from Great Britain have left their mark in the form of divided nationalist and unionist communities in Northern Ireland. Millions of people moved to and from British colonies, with large numbers of Indians emigrating to other parts of the empire, such as Malaysia and Fiji, and Chinese people to Malaysia, Singapore and the Caribbean. The demographics of Britain itself was changed after the Second World War owing to immigration to Britain from its former colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Krush Groove", "paragraph_text": "Krush Groove is a 1985 American film by Warner Bros. that was written by Ralph Farquhar and directed by Michael Schultz (who also produced the movie, along with George Jackson and Doug McHenry). This film is based on the early days of Def Jam Recordings and up-and-coming record producer Russell Simmons (renamed Russell Walker in the film), portrayed by Blair Underwood in his feature film debut. Simmons was the film's co-producer and story consultant; he also had a cameo in the film as a club owner named Crocket.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "James Russell McCoy", "paragraph_text": "James Russell McCoy (4 September 1845 – 14 February 1924) served as Magistrate of the British Overseas Territory of Pitcairn Island 7 times, between 1870 and 1904. McCoy was among the first wave of settlers to return to Pitcairn from Norfolk Island in 1859. He was the son of Matthew McCoy and Margaret Christian. His son Matthew Edmond McCoy also served as Magistrate, and was among the last islanders to hold the surname McCoy. Through his daughter Adelia, he is a grandfather of Warren Clive Christian, and Ivan Christian, and a great-grandfather of Steve Christian and Brenda Christian.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 144455, "question": "What is Russel Farnham's birthplace?", "answer": "Massachusetts", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 75527, "question": "when did the first settlers come to #1", "answer": "1620", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "Beginning in the 1940s and continuing into the 1970s, the bureau investigated cases of espionage against the United States and its allies. Eight Nazi agents who had planned sabotage operations against American targets were arrested, and six were executed (Ex parte Quirin) under their sentences. Also during this time, a joint US/UK code-breaking effort (the Venona project)—with which the FBI was heavily involved—broke Soviet diplomatic and intelligence communications codes, allowing the US and British governments to read Soviet communications. This effort confirmed the existence of Americans working in the United States for Soviet intelligence. Hoover was administering this project but failed to notify the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) until 1952. Another notable case is the arrest of Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1957. The discovery of Soviet spies operating in the US allowed Hoover to pursue his longstanding obsession with the threat he perceived from the American Left, ranging from Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) union organizers to American liberals.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Central Intelligence Agency", "paragraph_text": "Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend \"un-vouchered\" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelligence spending since 2007; the fiscal 2013 figure is $52.6 billion. According to the 2013 mass surveillance disclosures, the CIA's fiscal 2013 budget is $14.7 billion, 28% of the total and almost 50% more than the budget of the National Security Agency. CIA's HUMINT budget is $2.3 billion, the SIGINT budget is $1.7 billion, and spending for security and logistics of CIA missions is $2.5 billion. \"Covert action programs\", including a variety of activities such as the CIA's drone fleet and anti-Iranian nuclear program activities, accounts for $2.6 billion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Heirs to the Dare", "paragraph_text": "Heirs to the Dare is a reality television show which premiered on March 10, 2014 on The Discovery Channel. The show followed three stunt performers in the footsteps of daredevils past, primarily Evel Knievel, to perform dangerous stunts today. The three stunt performers are Henry “The Pitbull” Rife, Bubba Blackwell, and Super Joe Reed. Discovery describes the show as \"Bubba, Henry, and Super Joe soar through the air on bikes and ATVs for the thrill of it. They break bones, but they also break records.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Themroc", "paragraph_text": "Themroc is a 1973 French satirical film by director Claude Faraldo. It was produced by François de Lannurien and Helène Vager and its original music was composed by Harald Maury. Made on a low budget with no intelligible dialog, \"Themroc\" tells the story of a French blue collar worker who rebels against modern society, reverting into an urban caveman. The film's scenes of incest and cannibalism earned it adults-only ratings. It was the first film to be shown in the UK's Channel 4's red triangle series of controversial films in 1986. It has become a cult film.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Buster Hoover", "paragraph_text": "William James \"Buster\" Hoover (April 12, 1863 – April 16, 1924) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Philadelphia Keystones, Philadelphia Quakers, Baltimore Orioles, and Cincinnati Reds between 1884 and 1892. Described as a \"long legged heavy hitter\", Hoover was among his league's leaders in several offensive statistics during his 12-year professional baseball career. In 127 career major league games, Hoover had a batting average of .288. He stood and weighed .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017", "paragraph_text": "Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Full title An Act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to titles II and V of the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2018. Colloquial name (s) GOP Tax Reform; Trump Tax Cuts Introduced in 115th United States Congress Introduced on November 2, 2017 Citations Public Law 115 -- 97 Stat. 131 Stat. 2054 Effects and codifications Act (s) affected Internal Revenue Code of 1986 Agencies affected Internal Revenue Service Legislative history Introduced in the House of Representatives as H.R. 1 by Kevin Brady (R -- TX) on November 2, 2017 Committee consideration by: House Committee on Ways and Means; passed committee on November 9, 2017, as ``Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ''(24 -- 16) Passed the House of Representatives on November 16, 2017 (227 -- 205) Passed the Senate on December 2, 2017 (51 -- 49) Reported by the joint conference committee on December 15, 2017; agreed to by the Senate on December 20, 2017 (51 -- 48) and by the House of Representatives on December 19, 2017 and December 20, 2017 (227 -- 203 224 -- 201) Signed into law by President Donald Trump on December 22, 2017", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Federal Bureau of Prisons", "paragraph_text": "Federal Bureau of Prisons Seal of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Flag of the Federal Bureau of Prisons Agency overview Formed 1930; 88 years ago (1930) Headquarters Federal Home Loan Bank Board Building Washington, D.C., U.S. Motto Correctional Excellence. Respect. Integrity. Employees 40,060 Annual budget 7.3 billion USD (FY 2016) Agency executives Vacant, Director Vacant, Deputy Director Parent agency Department of Justice Website www.bop.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "National Archives and Records Administration", "paragraph_text": "The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "United States Food Administration", "paragraph_text": "Under the direction of Herbert Hoover the U.S. Food Administration employed its Grain Corporation, organized under the provisions of the Food Control Act of August 10, 1917, as an agency for the purchase and sale of foodstuff. Having done transactions in the size of $7 billion it was rendered obsolete by the armistice in Europe. President Woodrow Wilson promoted its transition in a new agency for the support of the reconstruction of Europe. It became the American Relief Administration, approved by an Act (Public, No. 274, 65th Congress) on February 25, 1919.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Star Trek: Discovery", "paragraph_text": "Star Trek: Discovery Genre Science fiction Adventure Drama Created by Bryan Fuller Alex Kurtzman Based on Star Trek by Gene Roddenberry Starring Sonequa Martin - Green Doug Jones Shazad Latif Anthony Rapp Mary Wiseman Jason Isaacs Composer (s) Jeff Russo Alexander Courage (original theme) Country of origin United States Original language (s) English No. of seasons No. of episodes 9 (list of episodes) Production Executive producer (s) Bryan Fuller David Semel (1x01) Eugene Roddenberry Trevor Roth Akiva Goldsman Heather Kadin Gretchen J. Berg Aaron Harberts Alex Kurtzman Producer (s) Geoffrey Hemwall April Nocifora Aaron Baiers Jill Danton Nicholas Meyer (consulting) Craig Sweeny (consulting) Location (s) Toronto Cinematography Guillermo Navarro Colin Hoult Production company (s) Secret Hideout Roddenberry Entertainment Living Dead Guy Productions CBS Television Studios Distributor CBS Television Distribution Budget US $8 -- 8.5 million per episode Release Original network CBS (1x01) CBS All Access Original release September 24, 2017 (2017 - 09 - 24) -- present (present) Chronology Preceded by Star Trek: Enterprise Related shows Star Trek TV series External links Star Trek: Discovery - CBS.com www.cbs.com/shows/star-trek-discovery/", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Federal Bureau of Investigation", "paragraph_text": "J. Edgar Hoover served as Director from 1924 to 1972, a combined 48 years with the BOI, DOI, and FBI. He was chiefly responsible for creating the Scientific Crime Detection Laboratory, or the FBI Laboratory, which officially opened in 1932, as part of his work to professionalize investigations by the government. Hoover was substantially involved in most major cases and projects that the FBI handled during his tenure. After Hoover's death, Congress passed legislation that limited the tenure of future FBI Directors to ten years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "National Park Service", "paragraph_text": "National Park Service National Park Service Arrowhead Guidon of the National Park Service Agency overview Formed August 25, 1916; 101 years ago (1916 - 08 - 25) Jurisdiction United States federal government Headquarters 1849 C Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20240 Employees 15,828 permanent, 1,256 term, 2,984 seasonal (2007) Annual budget $2.924 billion (2009) Agency executive Mike Reynolds, Acting Director Parent agency Department of the Interior Website www.NPS.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Consumer Financial Protection Bureau", "paragraph_text": "Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Agency overview Formed July 21, 2011; 6 years ago (2011 - 07 - 21) Jurisdiction United States Headquarters Washington, D.C. Employees 1,623 (2016) Annual budget US $605.9 million (FY 2016) Agency executives Richard Cordray, Director David Silberman, Deputy Director Key document Dodd -- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act Website www.consumerfinance.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Saginaw, Alabama", "paragraph_text": "Saginaw is an unincorporated community 2.5 miles north of Calera in Shelby County, Alabama, United States with zip code 35137. It is part of the Birmingham-Hoover-Cullman Combined Statistical Area. It is located southeast of Alabaster on the east side of Interstate 65 at the intersection of State Route 70 and U.S. Route 31.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Secretary of State of Washington", "paragraph_text": "Office of the Secretary of State Agency overview Headquarters Olympia, Washington, United States Annual budget $25,260,000 (2017 - 2019 biennium) Agency executive Kim Wyman, Secretary of State Website sos.wa.gov", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "United States budget process", "paragraph_text": "There is no obligation for either or both houses of Congress to pass a budget resolution. There may not be a resolution every year; if none is established, the previous year's resolution remains in force. For example, the Senate has not passed a budget resolution for FY2011, FY2012, or FY2013, and passed the FY2014 budget resolution on March 23, 2013, 23 days before the April 15 deadline set by the No Budget, No Pay Act of 2013. This was the first budget resolution passed by the Senate since a FY2010 budget passed on April 29, 2009. The House and Senate may propose a budget independently of the President's budget. For example, for the 2014 budget process, the House prepared its budget proposal on March 21 and the Senate proposed a budget on March 23, while the President's budget was not submitted until April 10.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "My Ántonia", "paragraph_text": "The novel tells the stories of an orphaned boy from Virginia, Jim Burden, and the elder daughter in a family of Bohemian immigrants, Ántonia Shimerda, who are each brought as children to be pioneers in Nebraska towards the end of the 19th century. Both the pioneers who first break the prairie sod for farming, as well as of the harsh but fertile land itself, feature in this American novel. The first year in the very new place leaves strong impressions in both children, affecting them lifelong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Runway Moms", "paragraph_text": "Runway Moms is an American reality television program created for the Discovery Health Channel. It is a documentary style show profiling women that work for Expecting Models, a modeling agency that specializes in pregnant models and actresses.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Office of National Drug Control Policy", "paragraph_text": "Office of National Drug Control Policy Agency overview Formed October 27, 1986; 30 years ago (1986 - 10 - 27) Headquarters Washington, D.C., U.S. Annual budget $31.4 billion Agency executive Richard Baum (Acting), Director Parent agency Executive Office of the President Website usa.gov/federal-agencies/office-of-national-drug-control-policy", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Nike, Inc.", "paragraph_text": "In 1976, the company hired John Brown and Partners, based in Seattle, as its first advertising agency. The following year, the agency created the first ``brand ad ''for Nike, called`` There is no finish line'', in which no Nike product was shown. By 1980, Nike had attained a 50% market share in the U.S. athletic shoe market, and the company went public in December of that year.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13651, "question": "What agency did Hoover not tell about the code break and the discoveries gained from it?", "answer": "CIA", "paragraph_support_idx": 0 }, { "id": 33822, "question": "What was the first year the #1 's budget was disclosed?", "answer": "1963", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Piazza di Spagna", "paragraph_text": "Piazza di Spagna, at the bottom of the Spanish Steps, is one of the most famous squares in Rome (Italy). It owes its name to the Palazzo di Spagna, seat of the Embassy of Spain among the Holy See. Nearby is the famed Column of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "History of Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "Located in the northeastern Caribbean, Puerto Rico formed a key part of the Spanish Empire from the early years of the exploration, conquest and colonization of the New World. The island was a major military post during many wars between Spain and other European powers for control of the region in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries. The smallest of the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico was a stepping - stone in the passage from Europe to Cuba, Mexico, Central America, and the northern territories of South America. Throughout most of the 19th century until the conclusion of the Spanish -- American War, Puerto Rico and Cuba were the last two Spanish colonies in the New World; they served as Spain's final outposts in a strategy to regain control of the American continents. Realizing that it was in danger of losing its two remaining Caribbean territories, the Spanish Crown revived the Royal Decree of Graces of 1815. The decree was printed in Spanish, English and French in order to attract Europeans, with the hope that the independence movements would lose their popularity and strength with the arrival of new settlers. Free land was offered to those who wanted to populate the islands on the condition that they swear their loyalty to the Spanish Crown and allegiance to the Roman Catholic Church.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pobeda Solar Park", "paragraph_text": "This projects was funded through the E.U and is one more step that Bulgaria is making to modernize and join their fellow E.U. countries with efforts to expand clean energy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Sicario: Day of the Soldado", "paragraph_text": "Sicario: Day of the Soldado Theatrical release poster Directed by Stefano Sollima Produced by Basil Iwanyk Edward L. McDonnell Molly Smith Thad Luckinbill Trent Luckinbill Written by Taylor Sheridan Starring Benicio del Toro Josh Brolin Isabela Moner Jeffrey Donovan Manuel Garcia - Rulfo Catherine Keener Music by Hildur Guðnadóttir Cinematography Dariusz Wolski Edited by Matthew Newman Production company Black Label Media Thunder Road Pictures Distributed by Columbia Pictures (United States / Canada) Lionsgate (International) Release date June 11, 2018 (2018 - 06 - 11) (Antara Polanco) June 29, 2018 (2018 - 06 - 29) (United States) Running time 122 minutes Country United States Language English Spanish Mexian Sign Language Budget $35 - 45 million Box office $59 million", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Bend It Until It Breaks", "paragraph_text": "\"Bend It Until It Breaks\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist John Anderson. It was released in November 1994 as the second single from his album \"Country 'til I Die\". The song reached number 3 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and number 28 on the Canadian \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart. Anderson wrote the song with Lionel Delmore. It is the final Top 10 hit for Anderson to date.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Mexican Spanish", "paragraph_text": "Spanish was brought to Mexico in the 16th century. As in all other Spanish - speaking countries (including Spain), different accents and varieties of the language exist in different parts of the country, for both historical and sociological reasons. Among these, the varieties that are best known outside of the country are those of central Mexico -- both educated and uneducated varieties -- largely because the capital, Mexico City, hosts most of the mass communication media with international projection. For this reason, most of the film dubbing identified abroad with the label ``Mexican Spanish ''or`` Latin American Spanish'' actually corresponds to the central Mexican variety.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Los Trotamúsicos", "paragraph_text": "Los Trotamúsicos (also known as \"The Four Musicians of Bremen\" and \"Die Abenteuer der Bremer Stadtmusikanten\" in Germany) was a Spanish animated series produced by Estudios Cruz Delgado for Televisión Española and first broadcast in 1989.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die)", "paragraph_text": "``Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die) ''is a song written by Kerry Kurt Phillips, Howard Perdew and Rick Blaylock, and recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie. It was released in July 1993 as the second single from his CD Honky Tonk Attitude. It peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Sorbo San Basile", "paragraph_text": "Sorbo San Basile (Calabrian: ) is a village and \"comune\" in the province of Catanzaro in the Calabria region of southern Italy. The word \"sorbo\" in Italian means \"the service tree or the sorb-apple tree\" of which there are many orchards in the vicinity. The words \"San Basile\" refer to the Greek Saint Basil the Great because Basilian monks established a monastery in the area as early as 640. Some time after the canonization of Francis Xavier in 1622, that Spanish saint became the patron of the village. The population in 1861 was 1228 people, in 1901 held steady at 1224 people, in 1951 reached a high of 2118 people, but in 2001 sank to a low of 932 people (information from the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Spanish Steps", "paragraph_text": "The Spanish Steps (Italian: Scalinata di Trinità dei Monti) are a set of steps in Rome, Italy, climbing a steep slope between the Piazza di Spagna at the base and Piazza Trinità dei Monti, dominated by the Trinità dei Monti church at the top.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Spain", "paragraph_text": "Spain (Spanish: España [esˈpaɲa] (listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a country mostly located in Europe. Its continental European territory is situated on the Iberian Peninsula. Its territory also includes two archipelagoes: the Canary Islands off the coast of Africa, and the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea. The African enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make Spain the only European country to have a physical border with an African country (Morocco). Several small islands in the Alboran Sea are also part of Spanish territory. The country's mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar; to the north and northeast by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Goose Steps Out", "paragraph_text": "Will Hay shared directorial credit with Basil Dearden following on from their previous collaboration, The Black Sheep of Whitehall. Art Director, Michael Relph described Dearden and Hay's input as directors 'Basil was very expert at directing comedy, and that is what he contributed when working with Will Hay. Hay was important as a star, and he could more or less dictate what he wanted to direct, but really he did not direct. Basil directed and supplied all the expertise that Hay probably lacked.' Barry Morse who played Kurt had a slightly different take on the directorial responsibilities. 'Basil Dearden was largely concerned with purely technical things, angles, lenses, lighting details. He didn't have a very active part, it seemed to me, in the actual performance directing. That was something which Will Hay had a certain amount to do with.'\"The Goose Steps Out\" is also noted as the film debut of a young Peter Ustinov.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Francesco de Sanctis (architect)", "paragraph_text": "Francesco De Sanctis (1679, Rome – 1731) was a late Baroque Italian architect, most notable for his design of the Spanish Steps in Rome in collaboration with Alessandro Specchi. These were built between 1723 and 1726 to celebrate the peace treaty between France and Spain, linking the top of the hill (under French influence, with the church of Trinità dei Monti and French monastic institutions) to the Spanish embassy to the Holy See at the bottom of the hill. The design left out some of the richer elements of De Sanctis's original design, such as grand fountains at a break in the steps and two rows of trees down either side to give shade and refreshment to those climbing the steps.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Fallin' in Love (Sylvia song)", "paragraph_text": "\"Fallin' in Love\" is a song written by Randy Goodrum and Brent Maher, and recorded by American country music artist Sylvia. It was released in January 1985 as the first single from her album \"One Step Closer\". The song reached #2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles chart in May 1985 and #1 on the \"RPM\" Country Tracks chart in Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight", "paragraph_text": "\"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eddie Rabbitt. It was released in November 1981 as the second single from the album \"Step by Step\". \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" went to number one for one week and spent a total of twelve weeks on the country chart, becoming Rabbitt's tenth number one country single. \"Someone Could Lose a Heart Tonight\" also crossed over to the Top 40 peaking at number fifteen. The song was written by Rabbitt, Even Stevens and David Malloy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Norman conquest of southern Italy", "paragraph_text": "On 9 May 1009, an insurrection erupted in Bari against the Catapanate of Italy, the regional Byzantine authority based there. Led by Melus, a local Lombard, the revolt quickly spread to other cities. Late that year (or early in 1010) the katepano, John Curcuas, was killed in battle. In March 1010 his successor, Basil Mesardonites, disembarked with reinforcements and besieged the rebels in the city. The Byzantine citizens negotiated with Basil and forced the Lombard leaders, Melus and his brother-in-law Dattus, to flee. Basil entered the city on 11 June 1011, reestablishing Byzantine authority. He did not follow his victory with severe sanctions, only sending Melus' family (including his son, Argyrus) to Constantinople. Basil died in 1016, after years of peace in southern Italy.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Isabella and the Pot of Basil", "paragraph_text": "Isabella and the Pot of Basil is a painting completed in 1868 by William Holman Hunt depicting a scene from John Keats's poem \"Isabella, or the Pot of Basil\". It depicts the heroine Isabella caressing the basil pot in which she had buried the severed head of her murdered lover Lorenzo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "A Diary for Timothy", "paragraph_text": "A Diary for Timothy (1945) is a British documentary film directed by Humphrey Jennings. It was produced by Basil Wright for the Crown Film Unit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die)", "paragraph_text": "\"Prop Me Up Beside the Jukebox (If I Die)\" is a song written by Kerry Kurt Phillips, Howard Perdew and Rick Blaylock, and recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie. It was released in July 1993 as the second single from his CD \"Honky Tonk Attitude\". It peaked at number 3 on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "History of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "From 1521, the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire incorporated the region into the Spanish Empire, with New Spain its colonial era name and Mexico City the center of colonial rule. It was built on the ruins of the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan and became the capital of New Spain. During the colonial era, Mexico's long - established Mesoamerican civilizations mixed with European culture. Perhaps nothing better represents this hybrid background than Mexico's languages: the country is both the most populous Spanish - speaking country in the world and home to the largest number of Native American language speakers in North America. For three centuries Mexico was part of the Spanish Empire, whose legacy is a country with a Spanish - speaking, Catholic and largely Western culture.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159161, "question": "What country did Basil die?", "answer": "Italy", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 }, { "id": 92582, "question": "where are the spanish steps located in #1", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[ "Roma" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Dishwasher", "paragraph_text": "In the United Kingdom, William Howard Livens invented a small, non-electric dishwasher suitable for domestic use in 1924. It was the first dishwasher that incorporated most of the design elements that are featured in the models of today; it included a front door for loading, a wire rack to hold the dirty crockery and a rotating sprayer. Drying elements were even added to his design in 1940. It was the first machine suitable for domestic use, and it came at a time when permanent plumbing and running water in the house was becoming increasingly common.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fan (machine)", "paragraph_text": "Between 1882 and 1886 Schuyler Wheeler invented a fan powered by electricity. It was commercially marketed by the American firm Crocker & Curtis electric motor company. In 1882, Philip Diehl developed the world's first electric ceiling fan. During this intense period of innovation, fans powered by alcohol, oil, or kerosene were common around the turn of the 20th century. In 1909, KDK of Japan pioneered the invention of mass - produced electric fans for home use. In the 1920s, industrial advances allowed steel fans to be mass - produced in different shapes, bringing fan prices down and allowing more homeowners to afford them. In the 1930s, the first art deco fan (the ``swan fan '') was designed. By the 1940s, Crompton Greaves of India became the world's largest manufacturer of electric ceiling fans mainly for sale in India, Asia and the Middle East. By the 1950s, table and stand fans were manufactured in colors that were bright and eye catching.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Top Gear 2", "paragraph_text": "Top Gear 2 (released as Top Racer 2 in Japan) is the sequel to the 1992 racer \"Top Gear\". First released in August 1993 for the SNES, May 24, 1994 for the Sega Genesis and in 1994 for Amiga. It was developed by Gremlin Interactive and published by Kemco for the SNES and by Vic Tokai for the Genesis. While more realistic than its predecessor, \"Top Gear 2\" maintained the arcade-style gameplay the series is known for.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Bayer process", "paragraph_text": "The Bayer process was invented in 1888 by Carl Josef Bayer. Working in Saint Petersburg, Russia to develop a method for supplying alumina to the textile industry (it was used as a mordant in dyeing cotton), Bayer discovered in 1887 that the aluminium hydroxide that precipitated from alkaline solution was crystalline and could be easily filtered and washed, while that precipitated from acid medium by neutralization was gelatinous and difficult to wash. The industrial success of this process caused it to replace the Le Chatelier process which was used to produce alumina from bauxite.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Yablochkov candle", "paragraph_text": "A Yablochkov candle (sometimes electric candle) is a type of electric carbon arc lamp, invented in 1876 by Pavel Yablochkov.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Singer Corporation", "paragraph_text": "Singer consolidated enough patents in the field to enable him to engage in mass production, and by 1860, his company was the largest manufacturer of sewing machines in the world. In 1885, Singer produced its first ``vibrating shuttle ''sewing machine, an improvement over contemporary transverse shuttle designs; (see bobbin drivers). Singer began to market its machines internationally in 1855 and won first prize at the Paris World's Fair. The company demonstrated the first workable electric sewing machine at the Philadelphia electric exhibition in 1889 and began mass - producing domestic electric machines in 1910. Singer was also a marketing innovator and was a pioneer in promoting the use of installment payment plans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Richmond, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Richmond emerged a decade after the smoldering rubble of the Civil War to resume its position as an economic powerhouse, with iron front buildings and massive brick factories. Canal traffic peaked in the 1860s and slowly gave way to railroads, allowing Richmond to become a major railroad crossroads, eventually including the site of the world's first triple railroad crossing. Tobacco warehousing and processing continued to play a role, boosted by the world's first cigarette-rolling machine, invented by James Albert Bonsack of Roanoke in 1880/81. Contributing to Richmond's resurgence was the first successful electrically powered trolley system in the United States, the Richmond Union Passenger Railway. Designed by electric power pioneer Frank J. Sprague, the trolley system opened its first line in 1888, and electric streetcar lines rapidly spread to other cities across the country. Sprague's system used an overhead wire and trolley pole to collect current, with electric motors on the car's trucks. In Richmond, the transition from streetcars to buses began in May 1947 and was completed on November 25, 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Washing machine", "paragraph_text": "Electric washing machines were advertised and discussed in newspapers as early as 1904. Alva J. Fisher has been incorrectly credited with the invention of the electric washer. The US Patent Office shows at least one patent issued before Fisher's US patent number 966677 (e.g. Woodrow's US patent number 921195). The ``inventor ''of the electric washing machine remains unknown.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Atwood machine", "paragraph_text": "The Atwood machine (or Atwood's machine) was invented in 1784 by the English mathematician George Atwood as a laboratory experiment to verify the mechanical laws of motion with constant acceleration. Atwood's machine is a common classroom demonstration used to illustrate principles of classical mechanics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "The first commutator DC electric motor capable of turning machinery was invented by the British scientist William Sturgeon in 1832. Following Sturgeon's work, a commutator-type direct-current electric motor made with the intention of commercial use was built by the American inventor Thomas Davenport, which he patented in 1837. The motors ran at up to 600 revolutions per minute, and powered machine tools and a printing press. Due to the high cost of primary battery power, the motors were commercially unsuccessful and Davenport went bankrupt. Several inventors followed Sturgeon in the development of DC motors but all encountered the same battery power cost issues. No electricity distribution had been developed at the time. Like Sturgeon's motor, there was no practical commercial market for these motors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Zamboni pile", "paragraph_text": "The Zamboni pile (also referred to as a \"Duluc Dry Pile\") is an early electric battery, invented by Giuseppe Zamboni in 1812.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Super Nintendo Entertainment System", "paragraph_text": "The Super Nintendo Entertainment System (officially abbreviated the Super NES[b] or SNES[c], and commonly shortened to Super Nintendo[d]) is a 16-bit home video game console developed by Nintendo that was released in 1990 in Japan and South Korea, 1991 in North America, 1992 in Europe and Australasia (Oceania), and 1993 in South America. In Japan, the system is called the Super Famicom (Japanese: スーパーファミコン, Hepburn: Sūpā Famikon?, officially adopting the abbreviated name of its predecessor, the Family Computer), or SFC for short. In South Korea, it is known as the Super Comboy (슈퍼 컴보이 Syupeo Keomboi) and was distributed by Hyundai Electronics. Although each version is essentially the same, several forms of regional lockout prevent the different versions from being compatible with one another. It was released in Brazil on September 2, 1992, by Playtronic.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Alexander Graham Bell", "paragraph_text": "In March 1875, Bell and Pollok visited the famous scientist Joseph Henry, who was then director of the Smithsonian Institution, and asked Henry's advice on the electrical multi-reed apparatus that Bell hoped would transmit the human voice by telegraph. Henry replied that Bell had \"the germ of a great invention\". When Bell said that he did not have the necessary knowledge, Henry replied, \"Get it!\" That declaration greatly encouraged Bell to keep trying, even though he did not have the equipment needed to continue his experiments, nor the ability to create a working model of his ideas. However, a chance meeting in 1874 between Bell and Thomas A. Watson, an experienced electrical designer and mechanic at the electrical machine shop of Charles Williams, changed all that.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Washing machine", "paragraph_text": "Bendix Home Appliances, a subsidiary of Avco, an otherwise unrelated company, who licensed the name from Bendix Corporation, introduced the first domestic automatic washing machine in 1937, having applied for a patent in the same year. In appearance and mechanical detail, this first machine was not unlike the front loading automatic washers produced today. Although it included many of the today's basic features, the machine lacked any drum suspension and therefore had to be anchored to the floor to prevent ``walking ''. Because of the components required, the machine was also very expensive. For instance, the Bendix Home Laundry Service Manual (published November 1, 1946) shows that the drum speed change was facilitated by a 2 - speed gearbox built to a heavy duty standard (not unlike a car automatic gearbox, albeit at a smaller size). The timer was also probably fairly costly, because miniature electric motors were expensive to produce.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Spiritual Machines", "paragraph_text": "Spiritual Machines is the fourth studio album by the Canadian alternative rock band Our Lady Peace, released by Columbia Records in December 2000. Although not initially intended, the project evolved into a conceptual interpretation of futurist and inventor Raymond Kurzweil's 1999 book \"The Age of Spiritual Machines\". Short tracks of spoken dialog from Kurzweil himself are interspersed among the actual songs on the album. The Kurzweil K250 keyboard, one of his inventions, was utilized throughout the recording of the album.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Super Nintendo Entertainment System", "paragraph_text": "In October 1997, Nintendo released a redesigned model of the SNES (the SNS-101 model) in North America for US$99, which sometimes included the pack-in game Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island. Like the earlier redesign of the NES (the NES-101 model), the new model was slimmer and lighter than its predecessor, but it lacked S-Video and RGB output, and it was among the last major SNES-related releases in the region. A similarly redesigned Super Famicom Jr. was released in Japan at around the same time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Machine gun", "paragraph_text": "The first successful machine - gun designs were developed in the mid-19th century. The key characteristic of modern machine guns, their relatively high rate of fire and more importantly mechanical loading, first appeared in the Model 1862 Gatling gun, which was adopted by the United States Navy. These weapons were still powered by hand; however, this changed with Hiram Maxim's idea of harnessing recoil energy to power reloading in his Maxim machine gun. Dr. Gatling also experimented with electric - motor - powered models; this externally powered machine reloading has seen use in modern weapons as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sewing machine", "paragraph_text": "A sewing machine is a machine used to stitch fabric and other materials together with thread. Sewing machines were invented during the first Industrial Revolution to decrease the amount of manual sewing work performed in clothing companies. Since the invention of the first working sewing machine, generally considered to have been the work of Englishman Thomas Saint in 1790, the sewing machine has greatly improved the efficiency and productivity of the clothing industry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Wilhelm Emil Fein", "paragraph_text": "Wilhelm Emil Fein (born 16 January 1842 in Ludwigsburg; died 6 October 1898 in Stuttgart) was a German inventor. He invented the worldwide first portable electric drill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "In 1886, Frank Julian Sprague invented the first practical DC motor, a non-sparking motor that maintained relatively constant speed under variable loads. Other Sprague electric inventions about this time greatly improved grid electric distribution (prior work done while employed by Thomas Edison), allowed power from electric motors to be returned to the electric grid, provided for electric distribution to trolleys via overhead wires and the trolley pole, and provided controls systems for electric operations. This allowed Sprague to use electric motors to invent the first electric trolley system in 1887–88 in Richmond VA, the electric elevator and control system in 1892, and the electric subway with independently powered centrally controlled cars, which were first installed in 1892 in Chicago by the South Side Elevated Railway where it became popularly known as the \"L\". Sprague's motor and related inventions led to an explosion of interest and use in electric motors for industry, while almost simultaneously another great inventor was developing its primary competitor, which would become much more widespread. The development of electric motors of acceptable efficiency was delayed for several decades by failure to recognize the extreme importance of a relatively small air gap between rotor and stator. Efficient designs have a comparatively small air gap. [a] The St. Louis motor, long used in classrooms to illustrate motor principles, is extremely inefficient for the same reason, as well as appearing nothing like a modern motor.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 65149, "question": "where was the first electric washing machine invented", "answer": "The US", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 35999, "question": "When was the SNES released in the #1 ?", "answer": "1991", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ice hockey at the 1980 Winter Olympics", "paragraph_text": "The men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, U.S.A., was the 14th Olympic Championship. Twelve teams competed in the tournament, which was held from February 12 to 24. The United States won its second gold medal, including a win over the heavily favored Soviet Union that became known as the ``Miracle on Ice ''. Games were held at the Olympic Arena and the Olympic Fieldhouse.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "1971–72 NHL season", "paragraph_text": "The 1971–72 NHL season was the 55th season of the National Hockey League. Fourteen teams each played 78 games. The Boston Bruins beat the New York Rangers four games to two for their second Stanley Cup in three seasons in the finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Swinburne Ice Shelf", "paragraph_text": "The Swinburne Ice Shelf (), is an ice shelf just north of Edward VII Peninsula and the Alexandra Mountains in the southern part of Sulzberger Bay, Antarctica. The ice shelf is 20 miles long and 5 miles wide and extends from Fisher Island to White Islands. It was photographed from aircraft and mapped by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition (ByrdAE), 1928-30. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Captain H.W Swinburne, Jr., Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff, U.S. Naval Support Force, Antarctica, during Operation Deep Freeze 1970 and 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "1970–71 Coupe de France", "paragraph_text": "The Coupe de France's results of the 1970–71 season. Stade Rennais won the final played on 20 June 1971, beating Olympique Lyonnais.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Curt Chaplin", "paragraph_text": "Chaplin provided a version of audio play-by-play for one of the most famous moments in American sports history—the Miracle on Ice hockey game during the 1980 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, New York. The underdog United States national team defeated the Soviet Union national team 4-3 in the semifinal round, beating a team that had won six of the previous seven Olympic gold medals. Chaplin, in an interview, notes that he was assigned to cover the game as a sports reporter for ABC News Radio, not a play-by-play announcer. However, he thought the game might be significant and found a spot near a TV camera to stand and narrate the game into his cassette recorder. His call of the game is now part of an exhibit about the game at the Hockey Hall of Fame.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "You Beat Me to the Punch", "paragraph_text": "``You Beat Me to the Punch ''is a soul single by Motown singer Mary Wells, released on the Motown label in 1962. It was co-written by Smokey Robinson of the Miracles, who was responsible for the majority of hits released by Wells while she was a Motown artist, and another Miracles member, Ronnie White.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Eissporthalle Iserlohn", "paragraph_text": "Eissporthalle Iserlohn is an arena in Iserlohn, Germany. It is primarily used for ice hockey and is the home arena of Iserlohn Roosters. It opened in 1971 and holds 4,999 People", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Miracle on Ice", "paragraph_text": "The ``Miracle on Ice ''refers to a medal - round game during the men's ice hockey tournament at the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, New York, played between the hosting United States, and the four - time defending gold medalists, the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "List of leaders of the Soviet Union", "paragraph_text": "Leonid Brezhnev (1906 -- 1982) 14 October 1964 ↓ 10 November 1982 † 23rd -- 26th Congress Served as First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, was later renamed General Secretary, and was co-equal with premier Alexei Kosygin until the 1970s. To consolidate his power he later assumed the title of Chairman of the Presidium.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Queen (band)", "paragraph_text": "After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caballé, Barcelona), the band released The Miracle in 1989. The album continued the direction of A Kind of Magic, using a pop-rock sound mixed with a few heavy numbers. It spawned the European hits \"I Want It All\", \"Breakthru\", \"The Invisible Man\", \"Scandal\", and \"The Miracle\". The Miracle also began a change in direction of Queen's songwriting philosophy. Since the band's beginning, nearly all songs had been written by and credited to a single member, with other members adding minimally. With The Miracle, the band's songwriting became more collaborative, and they vowed to credit the final product only to Queen as a group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "He continued his winning streak in the 1971–74 competitions. In 1975, Schwarzenegger was once again in top form, and won the title for the sixth consecutive time, beating Franco Columbu. After the 1975 Mr. Olympia contest, Schwarzenegger announced his retirement from professional bodybuilding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Between Miracles", "paragraph_text": "Between Miracles () is a 1971 Italian commedia all'italiana film written and directed by Italian actor Nino Manfredi, in his debut as feature film director.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "I Just Can't Stop It", "paragraph_text": "I Just Ca n't Stop It is the debut album by UK 2 tone band The Beat. The album was released in 1980 via Go Feet Records in the UK. It was released the same year in the US on Sire Records under the band name ``The English Beat ''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Hugo Banzer", "paragraph_text": "Hugo Banzer Suárez (; May 10, 1926 – May 5, 2002) was a Bolivian politician, military general and President of Bolivia. He held the Bolivian presidency twice: from 1971 to 1978, as a dictator; and then again from 1997 to 2001, as constitutional President.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Robert C. Lee", "paragraph_text": "Robert Corwin Lee (August 30, 1888 – September 1, 1971) was Vice President of the Moore-McCormack Lines shipping company, and an officer of the US Navy achieving the rank of Rear Admiral (lower half) in the US Naval Reserve.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Collage (Le Orme album)", "paragraph_text": "Collage is an album by the Italian progressive rock band Le Orme. It was released in 1971. It is the first progressive-like album by the band, who had previously recorded only the beat-oriented \"Ad Gloriam\" of 1968.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Claude LaBrosse", "paragraph_text": "Claude LaBrosse (born February 3, 1934) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. His professional career spanned 16 years, from 1956 to 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2013–14 NLA season", "paragraph_text": "The 2013–14 National League A season is the seventh ice hockey season of Switzerland's top hockey league, the National League A. Overall, it is the 76th season of Swiss professional hockey. It was won by ZSC Lions after beating Kloten Flyers 4-0 in the playoff final.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Gold standard", "paragraph_text": "Starting in the 1959 -- 1969 administration of President Charles de Gaulle and continuing until 1970, France reduced its dollar reserves, exchanging them for gold at the official exchange rate, reducing US economic influence. This, along with the fiscal strain of federal expenditures for the Vietnam War and persistent balance of payments deficits, led U.S. President Richard Nixon to end international convertibility of the U.S. dollar to gold on August 15, 1971 (the ``Nixon Shock '').", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Friday Ahunanya", "paragraph_text": "Friday Chinedu Ahunanya (born 19 November 1971 in Port Harcourt, Nigeria) is a professional boxer. He is a journeyman heavyweight best known for beating several undefeated prospects and for his appearances on ESPN fight cards.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 50525, "question": "who did the us beat in the miracle on ice", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 43340, "question": "who was the president of #1 in 1971", "answer": "Leonid Brezhnev", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 } ]

[ "Brezhnev" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Warm Beach, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Warm Beach is a census-designated place (CDP) in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,437 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "On February 21, 2018, it was announced that judges Simon Cowell, Mel B, Heidi Klum and Howie Mandel along with Tyra Banks would all be returning. The season premiered on May 29, 2018. Magician Shin Lim was named the winner on the season finale, September 19, 2018. This marks the second magician to win. Acrobatic group Zurcaroh and violinist Brian King Joseph came in second and third place respectively. Stand - up comedian Samuel J. Comroe and singer Michael Ketterer rounded out the top 5.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Hockey at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament", "paragraph_text": "2018 Commonwealth Games -- Men's hockey Tournament details Host country Australia City Gold Coast Dates 5 -- 14 April 2018 Teams 10 Venue (s) Gold Coast Hockey Centre Top three teams Champions Australia (6th title) Runner - up New Zealand Third place England Tournament statistics Matches played 27 Goals scored 117 (4.33 per match) Top scorer (s) Sam Ward (9 goals) ← 2014 (previous) (next) 2022 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "The Staircase", "paragraph_text": "On November 23, 2015, Lestrade announced a second follow - up film at the IDFA Forum. Originally announced as Staircase III, the film documents the story of Peterson's final trial, set for early 2016. The film was commissioned by Canal+. Last Chance producer Matthieu Belghiti of What's Up Films was also attached. It was later picked up by Netflix to be released as three new episodes of the miniseries, together with the previous ten episodes on June 8, 2018. The first of the new episodes premiered April 28, 2018, at the Tribeca Film Festival.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2018 African Nations Championship", "paragraph_text": "2018 African Nations Championship 2018 CHAN Tournament details Host country Morocco Dates 13 January -- 4 February 2018 Teams 16 (from 1 confederation) Venue (s) 4 (in 4 host cities) Final positions Champions Morocco (1st title) Runners - up Nigeria Third place Sudan Fourth place Libya Tournament statistics Matches played 32 Goals scored 58 (1.81 per match) Top scorer (s) Ayoub El Kaabi (9 goals) Best player Ayoub El Kaabi Fair play award Morocco ← 2016 2020 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Britain's Got Talent (series 10)", "paragraph_text": "The tenth series was won by magician Richard Jones, with jazz singer Wayne Woodward finishing in second place and dance troupe Boogie Storm in third place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Katzhen", "paragraph_text": "Katzhen is a 2005 film directed by Guy Michael. It is considered a modern-day Israeli \"Oliver Twist\". The film tells the story of Katzhen, a young boy who, faced with the loss of his mother and an incapable father, chooses to steer his own path in life. Roaming throughout Israel in a quest for affection and the solidity of a warm family life, Katzhen finds it in unexpected places.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Mork & Mindy", "paragraph_text": "Storylines usually center on Mork's attempts to understand human behavior and American culture as Mindy helps him to adjust to life on Earth. It usually ends up frustrating Mindy, as Mork can only do things according to Orkan customs. For example, lying to someone or not informing them it will rain, is considered a practical joke (called ``splinking '') on Ork. At the end of each episode, Mork reports back to Orson on what he has learned about Earth. These end - of - show summaries allow Mork to humorously comment on social norms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Warm It Up", "paragraph_text": "\"Warm It Up\" was the second single released from Kris Kross' debut album, \"Totally Krossed Out\". Produced and written by Jermaine Dupri, \"Warm It Up\" was released as the follow-up to the duo's multi-platinum chart topping hit, \"Jump\" on June 4, 1992. The song became the second consecutive top 15 hit released from the album, reaching 13 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and #4 in Canada, as well as their second consecutive single to reach #1 on the Rap charts. \"Warm It Up\" was certified gold on August 8, 1992. In 1993 Kids Incorporated covered \"Warm It Up\" in the Season 9 episode \"Secret Admirer\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Rugby sevens at the 2018 Commonwealth Games – Men's tournament", "paragraph_text": "2018 Men's Commonwealth Rugby Sevens Tournament View of the Robina Stadium, where the Rugby Sevens tournament took place. Tournament details Host nation Australia Venue Robina Stadium Date 13 -- 15 April 2018 No. of nations 16 Final positions Champions New Zealand Runner - up Fiji Third place England Fourth place South Africa Tournament statistics Matches played 32 2022 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "America's Got Talent", "paragraph_text": "On September 20, Darci Lynne Farmer won the twelfth season, becoming the third ventriloquist, third child act and the third female act to win the competition (second year in a row after VanderWaal's win in 2016). Child singer Angelica Hale was announced as the runner - up, Ukrainian dance act Light Balance finished in third place, deaf musician Mandy Harvey finished in fourth place and dog act Sara & Hero finished in fifth place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "List of Lucifer episodes", "paragraph_text": "On May 11, 2018, Fox canceled the series after three seasons. On June 15, 2018, it was announced that Netflix had picked the series up for a fourth season of ten episodes, which is set to be released in 2019. As of May 28, 2018, 57 episodes of Lucifer have aired, concluding the third season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2018 Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario leadership election", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario leadership election was held on March 10, 2018, due to the resignation of party leader Patrick Brown on January 25, 2018, following allegations of sexual misconduct. Winner Doug Ford narrowly defeated runner - up Christine Elliott on the third ballot with 50.6% of allocated points.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Voice (American season 14)", "paragraph_text": "On May 22, 2018, Brynn Cartelli was crowned the winner of The Voice. With her win, the fifteen - year - old became the youngest winner in the show's history. Sawyer Fredericks at sixteen was the youngest previously. With her victory, Kelly Clarkson became the first new coach to win on her first season, and overall, the third female winning coach, behind Alicia Keys and Christina Aguilera. Additionally, runner - up Britton Buchanan became the highest - placing artist who advanced via an Instant Save, following Joshua Davis of season eight and Chris Jamison of season seven, who both placed third.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Opportunity (rover)", "paragraph_text": "The rover could take pictures with its different cameras, but only the PanCam camera had the ability to photograph a scene with different color filters. The panorama views are usually built up from PanCam images. By February 3, 2018, Opportunity had returned 224,642 pictures.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Confederate troops from all parts of North Carolina served in virtually all the major battles of the Army of Northern Virginia, the Confederacy's most famous army. The largest battle fought in North Carolina was at Bentonville, which was a futile attempt by Confederate General Joseph Johnston to slow Union General William Tecumseh Sherman's advance through the Carolinas in the spring of 1865. In April 1865, after losing the Battle of Morrisville, Johnston surrendered to Sherman at Bennett Place, in what is today Durham. North Carolina's port city of Wilmington was the last Confederate port to fall to the Union, in February 1865, after the Union won the nearby Second Battle of Fort Fisher, its major defense downriver.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Flu season", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the flu season is considered October through May. It usually peaks in February. In Australia, the flu season is considered May to October. It usually peaks in August.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Mohair", "paragraph_text": "Mohair / ˈmoʊhɛər / is usually a silk - like fabric or yarn made from the hair of the Angora goat. Both durable and resilient, mohair is notable for its high luster and sheen, which has helped gain it the nickname the ``Diamond Fiber '', and is often used in fiber blends to add these qualities to a textile. Mohair takes dye exceptionally well. Mohair is warm in winter as it has excellent insulating properties, while remaining cool in summer due to its moisture wicking properties. It is durable, naturally elastic, flame resistant and crease resistant. It is considered to be a luxury fiber, like cashmere, angora and silk, and is usually more expensive than most wool that is produced by sheep.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Voice (American season 14)", "paragraph_text": "On May 22, 2018, Brynn Cartelli was crowned the winner of The Voice. With her win, the fifteen - year - old became the youngest winner in the show's history. Sawyer Fredericks at sixteen was the youngest until Cartelli won. With her victory, Kelly Clarkson became the first new coach to win on her first season, and overall, the third female winning coach, behind Alicia Keys and Christina Aguilera. Additionally, runner - up Britton Buchanan became the highest - placing artist who advanced via an Instant Save, following Joshua Davis of season eight and Chris Jamison of season seven, who both placed third.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Warming Up to the Ice Age", "paragraph_text": "Warming Up to the Ice Age was singer-songwriter John Hiatt's seventh album, released in 1985. It was his last album with Geffen Records, who dropped Hiatt after the album failed to chart. It was the last Hiatt studio album to miss the Billboard 200. \"The Usual\" would later be covered by Bob Dylan. \"Living a Little, Laughing a Little\", originally a hit for The Spinners, was a duet with Elvis Costello.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 35466, "question": "The FIFA Confederations Cups is usually considered a warm-up for what?", "answer": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 46468, "question": "who won third place in #1 2018", "answer": "Belgium", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[ "BEL", "be" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival (simplified Chinese: 春节; traditional Chinese: 春節; pinyin: Chūn Jié) in modern China, or simply the Lunar New Year, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between 21 Jan and 20 Feb. In 2017, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Saturday, 28 January, initiating the year of the Rooster.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is internationally the most widely used civil calendar. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary", "paragraph_text": "The Feast of the Most Holy Name of the Blessed Virgin Mary is an optional memorial celebrated in the liturgical calendar of the Catholic Church on 12 September. It has been a universal Roman Rite feast since 1684, when Pope Innocent XI included it in the General Roman Calendar to commemorate the victory at the Battle of Vienna in 1683. It was removed from the Church calendar in the liturgical reform following Vatican II but restored by Pope Saint John Paul II in 2002, along with the Feast of the Holy Name of Jesus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar spaces leap years to make the average year 365.2425 days long, approximating the 365.2422 day tropical year that is determined by the Earth's rotation around the Sun. The rule for leap years is as follows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on 1 January 45 BC (AUC 709), by edict. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was refined and gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII. The Julian calendar gains against the mean tropical year at the rate of one day in 128 years. For the Gregorian the figure is one day in 3,030 years. The difference in the average length of the year between Julian (365.25 days) and Gregorian (365.2425 days) is 0.002%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year,, usually known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian reform contained two parts: a reform of the Julian calendar as used prior to Pope Gregory XIII's time and a reform of the lunar cycle used by the Church, with the Julian calendar, to calculate the date of Easter. The reform was a modification of a proposal made by Aloysius Lilius. His proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making 3 out of 4 centurial years common instead of leap years. Lilius also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Muslim world", "paragraph_text": "The Solar Hijri calendar, also called the Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH, is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It begins on the vernal equinox. Each of the twelve months corresponds with a zodiac sign. The first six months have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last month has 29 days in usual years but 30 days in leap years. The year of Prophet Muhammad's migration to Medina (622 CE) is fixed as the first year of the calendar, and the New Year's Day always falls on the March equinox.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival (simplified Chinese: 春节; traditional Chinese: 春節; pinyin: Chūn Jié) in modern China, and one of the Lunar New Years in Asia, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between 21 Jan and 20 Feb. In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year is on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar has a regular year of 365 days divided into 12 months, as listed in the table below. A leap day is added to February every four years. The Julian year is, therefore, on average 365.25 days long. It was intended to approximate the tropical (solar) year. Although Greek astronomers had known, at least since Hipparchus, a century before the Julian reform, that the tropical year was slightly shorter than 365.25 days, the calendar did not compensate for this difference. As a result, the calendar year gains about three days every four centuries compared to observed equinox times and the seasons. This discrepancy was corrected by the Gregorian reform of 1582. The Gregorian calendar has the same months and month lengths as the Julian calendar, but, in the Gregorian calendar, years evenly divisible by 100 are not leap years, except that years evenly divisible by 400 remain leap years. Consequently -- since 16 February Julian / 1 March 1900 Gregorian and until 15 February Julian / 28 February 2100 Gregorian -- the Julian calendar is currently 13 days behind the Gregorian calendar.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. A regular Gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the Julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to February. In the Julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the Gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. In the Julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 February, and the Gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. In the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and February 29th is often considered as the leap day. Some churches, notably the Roman Catholic Church, delay February festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the \"Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy\" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three rival popes, each supported by several states. Ecclesiastical officials convened at the Council of Constance in 1414, and in the following year the council deposed one of the rival popes, leaving only two claimants. Further depositions followed, and in November 1417 the council elected Martin V (pope 1417–31) as pope.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Time", "paragraph_text": "Artifacts from the Paleolithic suggest that the moon was used to reckon time as early as 6,000 years ago. Lunar calendars were among the first to appear, either 12 or 13 lunar months (either 354 or 384 days). Without intercalation to add days or months to some years, seasons quickly drift in a calendar based solely on twelve lunar months. Lunisolar calendars have a thirteenth month added to some years to make up for the difference between a full year (now known to be about 365.24 days) and a year of just twelve lunar months. The numbers twelve and thirteen came to feature prominently in many cultures, at least partly due to this relationship of months to years. Other early forms of calendars originated in Mesoamerica, particularly in ancient Mayan civilization. These calendars were religiously and astronomically based, with 18 months in a year and 20 days in a month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Julian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 708 AUC (46 BC/BCE), was a reform of the Roman calendar. It took effect on 1 January 709 AUC (45 BC/BCE), by edict. It was the predominant calendar in the Roman world, most of Europe, and in European settlements in the Americas and elsewhere, until it was gradually replaced by the Gregorian calendar, promulgated in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Liberty Bowl", "paragraph_text": "The Liberty Bowl, officially the AutoZone Liberty Bowl for sponsorship purposes, is an annual American college football bowl game played in late December or early January since 1959. Since 1965, the game has been held at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. For its first five years, it was played in Philadelphia. Since 2004, the game has been sponsored by Memphis - based auto parts retailer AutoZone. Because of the scheduling of the bowl game near the end of the calendar year, no game was played during calendar years 2008 or 2015, while two games were played in calendar years 2010 and 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "Prior to 1917, Turkey used the lunar Islamic calendar with the Hegira era for general purposes and the Julian calendar for fiscal purposes. The start of the fiscal year was eventually fixed at 1 March and the year number was roughly equivalent to the Hegira year (see Rumi calendar). As the solar year is longer than the lunar year this originally entailed the use of \"escape years\" every so often when the number of the fiscal year would jump. From 1 March 1917 the fiscal year became Gregorian, rather than Julian. On 1 January 1926 the use of the Gregorian calendar was extended to include use for general purposes and the number of the year became the same as in other countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Gregorian calendar", "paragraph_text": "The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world. It is named after Pope Gregory XIII, who introduced it in October 1582. The calendar spaces leap years to make the average year 365.2425 days long, approximating the 365.2422 day tropical year that is determined by the Earth's revolution around the Sun. The rule for leap years is as follows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Avignon Papacy", "paragraph_text": "Beginning with Clement V, elected 1305, all popes during the Avignon papacy were French. However, this makes French influence seem greater than it was. Southern France at that time had a culture quite independent from Northern France, where most of the advisers to the King of France were based. The Kingdom of Arles was still independent at that time, formally a part of the Holy Roman Empire. The literature produced by the troubadours in the Languedoc is unique and strongly distinct from that of Royal circles in the north. Even in terms of religion, the South produced its own variety of Christianity, Catharism, which was ultimately declared heretical. The movement was fueled in no small part by the strong sense of independence in the South even though the region had been severely weakened during the Albigensian Crusade a hundred years before. By the time of the Avignon Papacy, the power of the French King in this region was uncontested, although still not legally binding.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Chinese New Year", "paragraph_text": "Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar. It is one of several Lunar New Years in Asia. Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month. The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between January 21 and February 20 In 2018, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Friday, 16 February, initiating the year of the Dog.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 13058, "question": "Where were the first calendars printed?", "answer": "Rome", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 21544, "question": "In what year did the Pope return to #1 from Avignon?", "answer": "1377", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital (TOSH) was founded in 1991 and is a facility located in Murray, Utah, United States, at the former Intermountain Healthcare Cottonwood Hospital location. It includes 36 clinical patient rooms, ten surgery suites, a human performance research laboratory, a 25-meter lap pool, a full weight and exercise room, and a rehabilitation center.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Longworth House Office Building", "paragraph_text": "The Longworth House Office Building (LHOB) is one of three office buildings used by the United States House of Representatives. The building is located south of the Capitol, bounded by Independence Avenue, New Jersey Avenue, C Street S.E., and South Capitol Street, in southeast Washington. It covers an area of and has a total of 251 congressional offices and suites, five large committee rooms, seven small committee rooms, and a large assembly room now used by the Ways and Means Committee.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Buckingham Palace", "paragraph_text": "Directly underneath the State Apartments is a suite of slightly less grand rooms known as the semi-state apartments. Opening from the Marble Hall, these rooms are used for less formal entertaining, such as luncheon parties and private audiences. Some of the rooms are named and decorated for particular visitors, such as the 1844 Room, decorated in that year for the State visit of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, and, on the other side of the Bow Room, the 1855 Room, in honour of the visit of Emperor Napoleon III of France. At the centre of this suite is the Bow Room, through which thousands of guests pass annually to the Queen's Garden Parties in the Gardens. The Queen and Prince Philip use a smaller suite of rooms in the north wing.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Estadio Panamericano de Hockey", "paragraph_text": "The Pan American Hockey Stadium is a field hockey stadium located in Guadalajara, Mexico. It was officially opened by Mexican President Felipe Calderón on May 12, 2010. It has a capacity of 1,870 spectators, and hosted the field hockey competition at the 2011 Pan American Games. It is only the second, and by far the most modern, field hockey stadium built in the state of Jalisco despite the fact that 50% of the Mexican National field hockey team comes from the state. The facility also includes dedicated change rooms, massage, medical and rehabilitation facilities and will become a sports academy after the games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "The Room Where It Happens", "paragraph_text": "Aaron Burr encounters then Secretary Alexander Hamilton in New York, and they discuss the legacy of the deceased General Mercer, pondering what their legacy will be. Their discussion is interrupted as Hamilton is ushered to a secret dinner table bargain, in which he, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison agree upon an unprecedented political compromise. The capital city of their new nation will be moved to the Potomac River, politically and geographically placing it in the South. In exchange for this, the Democratic - Republican Party will support Hamilton's financial system in Congress, facilitating its passage into legislation. Burr enviously comments on how the American people, and more specifically himself, had no agency in this decision. He then decides to rectify this by running for political office in an effort to be in the eponymous room. This leads him to run as a Democratic - Republican against Philip Schuyler, Hamilton's father - in - law, for the position of United States Senator for New York.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Chase Center", "paragraph_text": "Chase Center is a multi-purpose arena under construction in the Mission Bay neighborhood of San Francisco that will open before the 2019 -- 20 NBA season. Groundbreaking of the arena happened during the 2016 -- 17 NBA season. It will mainly be used for basketball, becoming the new home of the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Warriors, who have been located in the San Francisco Bay Area since 1962, have played their home games at Oracle Arena in Oakland since 1971.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "New York (state)", "paragraph_text": "Both the Dutch and the British imported African slaves as laborers to the city and colony; New York had the second - highest population of slaves after Charleston, South Carolina. Slavery was extensive in New York City and some agricultural areas. The state passed a law for the gradual abolition of slavery soon after the Revolutionary War, but the last slave in New York was not freed until 1827.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "East Room", "paragraph_text": "The East Room is an event and reception room in the White House, the home of the President of the United States. The East Room is the largest room in the Executive Mansion; it is used for dances, receptions, press conferences, ceremonies, concerts, and banquets. The East Room was one of the last rooms to be finished and decorated, and it has undergone substantial redecoration over the past two centuries. Since 1964, the Committee for the Preservation of the White House has, by executive order, advised the President of the United States and First Lady of the United States on the decor, preservation, and conservation of the East Room and other public rooms at the White House.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "WinStar World Casino", "paragraph_text": "WinStar World Casino and Resort is a hotel and casino located near the Oklahoma -- Texas state line, 1 mile (1.6 km) north of the Red River, at Exit 1 and Exit 3 off Interstate 35 in Thackerville, Oklahoma. The casino opened as the WinStar Casinos in 2004, and was expanded (with a 395 - room hotel tower) and renamed WinStar World Casino in 2009, with its 600,000 square feet (56,000 m) of casino floor making it the world's largest casino. In August 2013, WinStar Resorts completed a major expansion project, which added a new 1000 - room second hotel tower that was divided into two phases; this also added a new casino that is attached to the tower. As a result of the completion of this expansion, the casino overtook Foxwoods Resort Casino to become the largest casino in the United States and the second largest in the world based on gaming floor space. WinStar has over 7,400 electronic games, 55 table poker rooms, 99 total table games, Racer's off - track betting, High Limit Room, keno, and bingo.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dimeling Hotel", "paragraph_text": "Dimeling Hotel is a historic hotel located in Clearfield, Pennsylvania, United States. The seven-story, 120-room hotel, located across from the Clearfield County Courthouse, was designed by Louis Beezer and Michael J. Beezer of Beezer Brothers, a Seattle-based architectural firm, and constructed in 1904-1905. The hotel ceased operating in 1977.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of basketball players who have scored 100 points in a single game", "paragraph_text": "Professionally, there have been a number of occurrences of 100 - point games worldwide. It has only happened once in the United States, however. Wilt Chamberlain of the National Basketball Association's Philadelphia Warriors scored 100 points on March 2, 1962 against the New York Knicks during a game played at Hersheypark Arena in Hershey, Pennsylvania. He made 36 - of - 63 field goals and 28 - of - 32 free throws, the latter being a particularly boggling statistic considering Chamberlain was a 51.1% free throw shooter for his career.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Buckingham Palace", "paragraph_text": "The palace measures 108 metres (354 ft) by 120 metres (390 ft), is 24 metres (79 ft) high and contains over 77,000 m2 (830,000 sq ft) of floorspace. The floor area is smaller than the Royal Palace of Madrid, the Papal Palace in Rome, the Louvre in Paris, the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, or the Forbidden City. There are 775 rooms, including 19 state rooms, 52 principal bedrooms, 188 staff bedrooms, 92 offices, and 78 bathrooms. The principal rooms are contained on the piano nobile behind the west-facing garden façade at the rear of the palace. The centre of this ornate suite of state rooms is the Music Room, its large bow the dominant feature of the façade. Flanking the Music Room are the Blue and the White Drawing Rooms. At the centre of the suite, serving as a corridor to link the state rooms, is the Picture Gallery, which is top-lit and 55 yards (50 m) long. The Gallery is hung with numerous works including some by Rembrandt, van Dyck, Rubens and Vermeer; other rooms leading from the Picture Gallery are the Throne Room and the Green Drawing Room. The Green Drawing Room serves as a huge anteroom to the Throne Room, and is part of the ceremonial route to the throne from the Guard Room at the top of the Grand Staircase. The Guard Room contains white marble statues of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, in Roman costume, set in a tribune lined with tapestries. These very formal rooms are used only for ceremonial and official entertaining, but are open to the public every summer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "21 Guns (song)", "paragraph_text": "The video takes place with the band and the album's two protagonists Christian (Josh Boswell) and Gloria (Lisa Stelly) taking refuge in a white room after robbing a bank. The police arrive outside the room and open fire through the window, to the couple's terror. As bullets rain through the room, the band continues playing. Gloria picks up the phone and throws it into a fish tank. As the bullets continue to fly and tear apart the room, Christian and Gloria become calm and walk toward each other, unharmed by the bullets. They embrace and kiss as the room goes dark, recreating the 21st Century Breakdown cover art. As the song ends, the room lights up again, and they are still uninjured. After the room lights up, there are various shots of destruction in the room, including a shot of some of the writing on the walls. The writing includes an excerpt of the lyrics to ``21 Guns '', as well as those of the song`` See The Light'' which also appears on ``21st Century Breakdown ''. The video may represent the meaning of the song in the 21st Century Breakdown story.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kawuri massacre", "paragraph_text": "The Kawuri massacre was a massacre that happened on 26 January 2014 in Kawuri, a village in Konduga Local Government, Borno State located some 37 kilometers southeast of Maiduguri. The final death toll was put at 85.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sala delle Asse", "paragraph_text": "The Sala delle Asse (In English: 'room of the tower' or 'room of the wooden boards'), is the location for a wall and ceiling painting in tempera on plaster, of decorated \"intertwining plants with fruits and monochromes of roots and rocks\", by Leonardo da Vinci, dating from about 1498 and located in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "State Dining Room of the White House", "paragraph_text": "The State Dining Room is the larger of two dining rooms on the State Floor of the Executive Residence of the White House, the home of the President of the United States in Washington, D.C. It is used for receptions, luncheons, larger formal dinners, and state dinners for visiting heads of state on state visits. The room seats 140 and measures approximately .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The World Without US", "paragraph_text": "The World Without US is a 2008 documentary film created by Mitch Anderson and Jason J. Tomaric. Released in 2008, the documentary explores what might happen if the United States were to leave the international arena, rescind its global reach and become an isolationist nation for the first time since the early 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Buhl Farm Golf Course", "paragraph_text": "Buhl Farm Golf Course, formerly known as Buhland Golf Course, located in Sharon, Pennsylvania, is the only free public golf course in the United States. The 9-hole course is open from mid-April to November between 8 a.m. to sundown (closing times vary on season, so call ahead). The course is known for its flat greens, high rough and little room between each hole. It is also known for its easy layout including straight and wide fairways. The course is also known for its one artificial turf tee box, and eight other natural tee boxes. The course also includes a driving range and a First Tee center. It is run by the Buhl Farm Trust and generous donations from the public. The free course is called \"Dum Dum\" by the locals. It also has a children's golf program in the summer.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Shining (film)", "paragraph_text": "The room number 217 has been changed to 237. Timberline Lodge, located on Mt. Hood in Oregon, was used for the exterior shots of the fictional Overlook Hotel. The Lodge requested that Kubrick not depict Room 217 (featured in the book) in The Shining, because future guests at the Lodge might be afraid to stay there, and a nonexistent room, 237, was substituted in the film. Contrary to the hotel's expectations, Room 217 is requested more often than any other room at Timberline.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Royal Institute of British Architects", "paragraph_text": "The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free education programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 66595, "question": "where is the room where it happened located", "answer": "New York", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 73525, "question": "when did #1 become a free state", "answer": "1827", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Bird migration", "paragraph_text": "Some predators take advantage of the concentration of birds during migration. Greater noctule bats feed on nocturnal migrating passerines. Some birds of prey specialize on migrating waders.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "However, Eritrea still faces many challenges. Despite number of physicians increasing from only 0.2 in 1993 to 0.5 in 2004 per 1000 population, this is still very low. Malaria and tuberculosis are common in Eritrea. HIV prevalence among the 15–49 group exceeds 2%. The fertility rate is at about 5 births per woman. Maternal mortality dropped by more than half from 1995 to 2002, although the figure is still high. Similarly, between 1995 and 2002, the number of births attended by skilled health personnel has doubled but still is only 28.3%. A major cause of death in neonates is by severe infection. Per capita expenditure on health is low in Eritrea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Berhane Abrehe", "paragraph_text": "In 1972, Berhane Abrehe graduated with a Master of Science in Civil Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has held the post of Director of Macro-Economic policy in the office of the President of Eritrea, subsequently advancing to his Cabinet position and becoming the third Minister of Finance in the 14 years since Eritrea's proclamation of independence in May 1993. His status was described as unclear in a 2007 leaked US cable.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tibet", "paragraph_text": "The earliest Tibetan historical texts identify the Zhang Zhung culture as a people who migrated from the Amdo region into what is now the region of Guge in western Tibet. Zhang Zhung is considered to be the original home of the Bön religion. By the 1st century BCE, a neighboring kingdom arose in the Yarlung valley, and the Yarlung king, Drigum Tsenpo, attempted to remove the influence of the Zhang Zhung by expelling the Zhang's Bön priests from Yarlung. He was assassinated and Zhang Zhung continued its dominance of the region until it was annexed by Songtsen Gampo in the 7th century. Prior to Songtsän Gampo, the kings of Tibet were more mythological than factual, and there is insufficient evidence of their existence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "When Emperor Haile Selassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) waged an armed struggle for independence. The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "Eritrea (/ˌɛrᵻˈtreɪ.ə/ or /ˌɛrᵻˈtriːə/;, officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in East Africa. With its capital at Asmara, it is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea. The nation has a total area of approximately 117,600 km2 (45,406 sq mi), and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands. Its name Eritrea is based on the Greek name for the Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa), which was first adopted for Italian Eritrea in 1890.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Migration Series", "paragraph_text": "The Migration Series, originally titled The Migration of the Negro, is a group of paintings by African-American painter Jacob Lawrence which depicts the migration of African Americans to the northern United States from the South that began in the 1910s. It was published in 1941 and funded by the WPA.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "In 1922, Benito Mussolini's rise to power in Italy brought profound changes to the colonial government in Italian Eritrea. After il Duce declared the birth of the Italian Empire in May 1936, Italian Eritrea (enlarged with northern Ethiopia's regions) and Italian Somaliland were merged with the just conquered Ethiopia in the new Italian East Africa (Africa Orientale Italiana) administrative territory. This Fascist period was characterized by imperial expansion in the name of a \"new Roman Empire\". Eritrea was chosen by the Italian government to be the industrial center of Italian East Africa.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "In the 1950s, the Ethiopian feudal administration under Emperor Haile Selassie sought to annex Eritrea and Italian Somaliland. He laid claim to both territories in a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt at the Paris Peace Conference and at the First Session of the United Nations. In the United Nations, the debate over the fate of the former Italian colonies continued. The British and Americans preferred to cede all of Eritrea except the Western province to the Ethiopians as a reward for their support during World War II. The Independence Bloc of Eritrean parties consistently requested from the UN General Assembly that a referendum be held immediately to settle the Eritrean question of sovereignty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "At Buya in Eritrea, one of the oldest hominids representing a possible link between Homo erectus and an archaic Homo sapiens was found by Italian scientists. Dated to over 1 million years old, it is the oldest skeletal find of its kind and provides a link between hominids and the earliest anatomically modern humans. It is believed that the section of the Danakil Depression in Eritrea was also a major player in terms of human evolution, and may contain other traces of evolution from Homo erectus hominids to anatomically modern humans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi", "paragraph_text": "Knowing an attack by the militants is imminent, the CIA staff of the Annex makes several desperate calls for help. The only help they can get is from Glen \"Bub\" Doherty, a GRS officer in Tripoli, who forms a team including two Delta operators that fly to Benghazi after several delays. Meanwhile, the GRS team fends off the militants as they try to breach the Annex perimeter. After repelling the largest attack wave, the Annex receives word from ISR that help is en route.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Hugh Austin Windle Pilkington", "paragraph_text": "Hugh Austin Windle Pilkington (1942–1986) was a British-born philanthropist who contributed to education in East Africa, particularly for refugees from Ethiopia and Eritrea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri (\"sea-land\"). The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros \"red\"). It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Kathmandu", "paragraph_text": "The Licchavis from the Indo-Gangetic plain migrated north and defeated the Kiratas, establishing the Licchavi dynasty. During this era, following the genocide of Shakyas in Lumbini by Virudhaka, the survivors migrated north and entered the forest monastery in Sankhu masquerading as Koliyas. From Sankhu, they migrated to Yambu and Yengal (Lanjagwal and Manjupattan) and established the first permanent Buddhist monasteries of Kathmandu. This created the basis of Newar Buddhism, which is the only surviving Sanskrit-based Buddhist tradition in the world. With their migration, Yambu was called Koligram and Yengal was called Dakshin Koligram during most of the Licchavi era.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "Eritrea (/ ˌɛrɪˈtreɪ. ə / or / ˌɛrɪˈtriːə /; Tigrinya: ኤርትራ, listen (help info)), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa, with its capital at Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeastern and eastern parts of Eritrea have an extensive coastline along the Red Sea. The nation has a total area of approximately 117,600 km (45,406 sq mi), and includes the Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands. Its toponym Eritrea is based on the Greek name for the Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa), which was first adopted for Italian Eritrea in 1890.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "David Wayne Hooks Memorial Airport", "paragraph_text": "On June 27, 2007, The Texas State Legislature approved Tomball's request to annex Hooks Airport even though the airport does not border the Tomball city limits. Since the airport is in the city of Houston's extraterritorial jurisdiction, the city of Tomball must get permission from Houston to annex the airport. As of summer of 2010, the annex still has not been finalized.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Nazret Weldu", "paragraph_text": "Nazret Weldu Gebrehiwet (born 1 January 1990) is a female long-distance runner from Eritrea. She competed in the 10,000 metres at the 2015 World Championships in Beijing finishing 24th.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Black people", "paragraph_text": "About 150,000 East African and black people live in Israel, amounting to just over 2% of the nation's population. The vast majority of these, some 120,000, are Beta Israel, most of whom are recent immigrants who came during the 1980s and 1990s from Ethiopia. In addition, Israel is home to over 5,000 members of the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem movement that are descendants of African Americans who emigrated to Israel in the 20th century, and who reside mainly in a distinct neighborhood in the Negev town of Dimona. Unknown numbers of black converts to Judaism reside in Israel, most of them converts from the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Gull", "paragraph_text": "Most gull species are migratory, with birds moving to warmer habitats during the winter, but the extent to which they migrate varies by species. Some migrate long distances, like Franklin's gull, which migrates from Canada to wintering grounds in the south of South America. Other species move much shorter distances and may simply disperse along the coasts near their breeding sites.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Eritrea", "paragraph_text": "Following the adoption of UN Resolution 390A(V) in December 1950, Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia under the prompting of the United States. The resolution called for Eritrea and Ethiopia to be linked through a loose federal structure under the sovereignty of the Emperor. Eritrea was to have its own administrative and judicial structure, its own flag, and control over its domestic affairs, including police, local administration, and taxation. The federal government, which for all intents and purposes was the existing imperial government, was to control foreign affairs (including commerce), defense, finance, and transportation. The resolution ignored the wishes of Eritreans for independence, but guaranteed the population democratic rights and a measure of autonomy.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 10879, "question": "Where did they migrate from?", "answer": "Ethiopia.", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 15069, "question": "When was Eritrea annexed by #1 ?", "answer": "1953", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "SM UB-155", "paragraph_text": "SM \"UB-155\"' was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat built for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. She was never commissioned into the German Imperial Navy but surrendered to France on 9 March 1919 in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany and broken up at Brest in July 1921.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Josip Broz Tito", "paragraph_text": "Tito's estrangement from the USSR enabled Yugoslavia to obtain US aid via the Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA), the same US aid institution which administered the Marshall Plan. Still, he did not agree to align with the West, which was a common consequence of accepting American aid at the time. After Stalin's death in 1953, relations with the USSR were relaxed and he began to receive aid as well from the COMECON. In this way, Tito played East-West antagonism to his advantage. Instead of choosing sides, he was instrumental in kick-starting the Non-Aligned Movement, which would function as a 'third way' for countries interested in staying outside of the East-West divide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Imperial College London", "paragraph_text": "Imperial College TV\nICTV (formerly STOIC (Student Television of Imperial College)) is Imperial College Union's TV station, founded in 1969 and operated from a small TV studio in the Electrical Engineering block. The department had bought an early AMPEX Type A 1-inch videotape recorder and this was used to produce an occasional short news programme which was then played to students by simply moving the VTR and a monitor into a common room. A cable link to the Southside halls of residence was laid in a tunnel under Exhibition Road in 1972. Besides the news, early productions included a film of the Queen opening what was then called College Block and interview programmes with DJ Mike Raven, Richard O'Brian and Monty Python producer Ian MacNaughton. The society was renamed to ICTV for the start of the 2014/15 academic year.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Germans", "paragraph_text": "In the midst of the European sovereign-debt crisis, Radek Sikorski, Poland's Foreign Minister, stated in November 2011, \"I will probably be the first Polish foreign minister in history to say so, but here it is: I fear German power less than I am beginning to fear German inactivity. You have become Europe's indispensable nation.\" According to Jacob Heilbrunn, a senior editor at The National Interest, such a statement is unprecedented when taking into consideration Germany's history. \"This was an extraordinary statement from a top official of a nation that was ravaged by Germany during World War II. And it reflects a profound shift taking place throughout Germany and Europe about Berlin's position at the center of the Continent.\" Heilbrunn believes that the adage, \"what was good for Germany was bad for the European Union\" has been supplanted by a new mentality—what is in the interest of Germany is also in the interest of its neighbors. The evolution in Germany's national identity stems from focusing less on its Nazi past and more on its Prussian history, which many Germans believe was betrayed—and not represented—by Nazism. The evolution is further precipitated by Germany's conspicuous position as Europe's strongest economy. Indeed, this German sphere of influence has been welcomed by the countries that border it, as demonstrated by Polish foreign minister Radek Sikorski's effusive praise for his country's western neighbor. This shift in thinking is boosted by a newer generation of Germans who see World War II as a distant memory.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute", "paragraph_text": "The Nelson Mandela 90th Birthday Tribute was held in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008 to commemorate Nelson Mandela's ninetieth birthday (18 July). The concert formed part of the 46664 concert series to promote awareness of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, and came twenty years after the 1988 Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute Concert at Wembley, held while Mandela was still in prison.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Exotenwald Weinheim", "paragraph_text": "The Exotenwald Weinheim (about 60 hectares) is a forest arboretum located beside the Schlosspark in Weinheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is open daily without charge.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "30 Years from Here", "paragraph_text": "30 Years From Here is an American made-for-television documentary about the 30 years war on the HIV and AIDS pandemic. The documentary was directed by Josh Rosenzweig for the LGBT cable network here!. The documentary debuted on November 25, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "SM UB-154", "paragraph_text": "SM \"UB-154\"' was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat built for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. She was never commissioned into the German Imperial Navy but surrendered to France on 9 March 1919 in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany and broken up at Brest in July 1921.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Black Death in England", "paragraph_text": "The Black Death was a bubonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. The term ``Black Death ''was not used until the late 17th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Black Death in England", "paragraph_text": "The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic, which reached England in June 1348. It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic, caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria. The term ``Black Death ''was not used until the late 17th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Um Himmels Willen", "paragraph_text": "The show aired at 20:15 on Tuesday nights on ARD in Germany. By June 2013, 156 episodes had been broadcast over eleven seasons. Besides being immensely popular in Germany (with some 7.2 million views per episode), the show is also broadcast daily in Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Hungary, and Denmark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "SM UB-136", "paragraph_text": "SM \"UB-136\" was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat built for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. Completed after the end of hostilities, she was not commissioned into the German Imperial Navy but surrendered to Britain in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany. In 1922 she was broken up in Rochester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Imperialism", "paragraph_text": "The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of the British Empire \"during the last generation, and proceeds rather by diagnosis than by historical description\". British imperialism often used the concept of Terra nullius (Latin expression which stems from Roman law meaning 'empty land'). The country of Australia serves as a case study in relation to British settlement and colonial rule of the continent in the eighteenth century, as it was premised on terra nullius, and its settlers considered it unused by its sparse Aboriginal inhabitants.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Shou Lung", "paragraph_text": "In the fictional Forgotten Realms campaign setting of the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, Shou Lung is a country in the continent of Kara-Tur, which is located to the east of Faerûn. It is modeled on Imperial China and is arguably the largest and most powerful nation in the world, due to the sheer size of their armies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "HIV/AIDS", "paragraph_text": "In 2016, about 36.7 million people were living with HIV and it resulted in 1 million deaths. There were 300,000 fewer new HIV cases in 2016 than in 2015. Most of those infected live in sub-Saharan Africa. From the time AIDS was identified in the early 1980s to 2017, the disease has caused an estimated 35 million deaths worldwide. HIV / AIDS is considered a pandemic -- a disease outbreak which is present over a large area and is actively spreading. HIV originated in west - central Africa during the late 19th or early 20th century. AIDS was first recognized by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1981 and its cause -- HIV infection -- was identified in the early part of the decade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2009 flu pandemic in Europe", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 flu pandemic in Europe was part of a pandemic involving a new strain of influenza, subtype H1N1. H1N1 is commonly called swine flu. The pandemic infected at least 125,550 people in Europe. There were 458 confirmed deaths in Turkey, 438 confirmed deaths in Russia, and 457 confirmed deaths in the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Charles Nicholson (flautist)", "paragraph_text": "Charles Nicholson (1795–1837), was a Liverpool-born flautist and composer, who performed regularly in London. He was soloist at many of the Philharmonic Society Concerts from 1816-1836, and first flautist with the principal theater orchestras. He toured extensively in Britain, but never on the Continent. Besides giving classes to many students, he wrote tutors for flute-playing which were published throughout the 19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pandemic", "paragraph_text": "HIV originated in Africa, and spread to the United States via Haiti between 1966 and 1972. AIDS is currently a pandemic, with infection rates as high as 25% in southern and eastern Africa. In 2006, the HIV prevalence rate among pregnant women in South Africa was 29.1%. Effective education about safer sexual practices and bloodborne infection precautions training have helped to slow down infection rates in several African countries sponsoring national education programs. Infection rates are rising again in Asia and the Americas. The AIDS death toll in Africa may reach 90–100 million by 2025.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "SM UB-133", "paragraph_text": "SM \"UB-133\" was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat built for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. Completed after the end of hostilities, she was not commissioned into the German Imperial Navy but surrendered to Britain in accordance with the requirements of the Armistice with Germany. In 1922 she was broken up in Rochester.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pandemrix", "paragraph_text": "Pandemrix is an influenza vaccine for influenza pandemics, such as the 2009 flu pandemic. The vaccine was developed by GlaxoSmithKline and patented in September 2006.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 161880, "question": "What continent has an AIDS pandemic?", "answer": "Africa", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 42188, "question": "Besides #1 , where did Germany have imperial interests?", "answer": "South Pacific", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Newark Township, Kearney County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Newark Township is one of fourteen townships in Kearney County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 230 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 222.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "McPhee Reservoir", "paragraph_text": "McPhee Reservoir is located in Montezuma County, Colorado, United States. It was constructed and is operated by the United States Bureau of Reclamation as part of the Dolores Project, and dams the Dolores River to furnish irrigation water for Montezuma and Dolores counties and the Ute Mountain Indian Reservation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Montezuma's Ferrari", "paragraph_text": "Montezuma's Ferrari is the second novel in Burt \"BS\" Levy's series about a 19-year-old New Jersey gas station mechanic growing up and coming of age while being sucked into the glamorous, dangerous world of open-road sports car racing during the 1950s. The story begins just a week after \"The Last Open Road\" ends. In the book, Buddy Palumbo, the main character, repairs cars at the Sinclair gas station he works at in Passaic, New Jersey, and races all over the Eastern, predominantly Northern, United States and Mexico.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "Montana has 56 counties with the United States Census Bureau stating Montana's contains 364 \"places\", broken down into 129 incorporated places and 235 census-designated places. Incorporated places consist of 52 cities, 75 towns, and two consolidated city-counties. Montana has one city, Billings, with a population over 100,000; and two cities with populations over 50,000, Missoula and Great Falls. These three communities are considered the centers of Montana's three Metropolitan Statistical Areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Emerson Township, Dixon County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Emerson Township is one of thirteen townships in Dixon County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 542 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 529.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Boylston, Alabama", "paragraph_text": "Boylston is a populated place between the city of Montgomery, Alabama, United States and the Tallapoosa River. In 1950 it had a population of 1,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ferrari 575M Maranello", "paragraph_text": "The Ferrari 575M Maranello (Type F133) is a two-seat, two-door, grand tourer manufactured by Italian automobile manufacturer Ferrari. Launched in 2002, it is essentially an updated 550 Maranello featuring minor styling changes from Pininfarina. The 575M was replaced by the 599 GTB in the first half of 2006.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Chinese Grand Prix", "paragraph_text": "Year Driver Constructor Report 2017 Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report 2016 Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report 2015 Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report 2014 Lewis Hamilton Mercedes Report 2013 Fernando Alonso Ferrari Report 2012 Nico Rosberg Mercedes Report 2011 Lewis Hamilton McLaren - Mercedes Report Jenson Button McLaren - Mercedes Report 2009 Sebastian Vettel Red Bull - Renault Report 2008 Lewis Hamilton McLaren - Mercedes Report 2007 Kimi Räikkönen Ferrari Report 2006 Michael Schumacher Ferrari Report 2005 Fernando Alonso Renault Report Rubens Barrichello Ferrari Report", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Auto Avio Costruzioni 815", "paragraph_text": "The Auto Avio Costruzioni 815 was the first car to be fully designed and built by Enzo Ferrari. Legal issues with former associates Alfa Romeo prevented Ferrari from creating the Ferrari marque. The 815 raced at the 1940 Brescia Grand Prix, where both entries failed to finish due to engine problems. One of the cars was later scrapped, while the other is currently in a car collection in Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "La Plata Mountains", "paragraph_text": "The La Plata Mountains are a small subrange of the San Juan Mountains in the southwestern part of Colorado, United States. They are located on the border between Montezuma and La Plata counties, about northwest of Durango. Their name is Spanish for \"silver\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Bristow Township, Boyd County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Bristow Township is one of nine townships in Boyd County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 151 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 136.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2018 Chinese Grand Prix", "paragraph_text": "Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton was the defending race winner. Sebastian Vettel entered the round with a seventeen - point lead over Hamilton in the World Drivers' Championship. His team, Ferrari, led Mercedes by ten points in the World Constructors' Championship. Vettel qualified on pole position, and in doing so recorded Ferrari's first pole position in China in fourteen years. Daniel Ricciardo won the race ahead of Valtteri Bottas and Kimi Räikkönen. Vettel's championship lead was cut to nine points when he finished in eighth place, the result of contact with Max Verstappen late in the race.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Motobdella montezuma", "paragraph_text": "Motobdella montezuma is a species of leech which is only found in Montezuma Well, central Arizona, United States. It is a nocturnal pelagic predator that feeds almost exclusively on the endemic amphipod \"Hyalella montezuma\", which it detects using passive sonar and swallows whole.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Alhambra, Montana", "paragraph_text": "Alhambra is a populated place in Jefferson County, Montana, United States. It is a subdivision about a mile south of Clancy and shares a postal code (59634) with that town. Alhambra is part of the Helena Micropolitan Area, and its population is counted within the Clancy census-designated place.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Springbank Township, Dixon County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Springbank Township is one of thirteen townships in Dixon County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 593 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 578.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Dennis (CDP), Massachusetts", "paragraph_text": "Dennis is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Dennis in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 2,407 at the 2010 census. The CDP includes the populated places known as North Dennis and New Boston.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Montezuma, North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "Montezuma is an unincorporated community in Avery County, North Carolina, United States. Before its founding in 1883, it had two variant names, Aaron and Bull Scrape. The community is located on Old State Highway 181 and is on the Eastern Continental Divide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Lynn Township, Clay County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Lynn Township is one of sixteen townships in Clay County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 89 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 85.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dolphin Township, Knox County, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "Dolphin Township is one of thirty townships in Knox County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 171 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 164.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dolores, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "The Town of Dolores is a Statutory Town in Montezuma County, Colorado, United States. The population was 936 at the 2010 census. It is one of three incorporated municipalities in the county.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 136647, "question": "Which place is Montezuma's Ferrari in?", "answer": "New Jersey", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 }, { "id": 61064, "question": "what is the population of the state of #1", "answer": "9,032,872", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "Hyderabad has a tropical wet and dry climate (Köppen Aw) bordering on a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). The annual mean temperature is 26.6 °C (79.9 °F); monthly mean temperatures are 21–33 °C (70–91 °F). Summers (March–June) are hot and humid, with average highs in the mid-to-high 30s Celsius; maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) between April and June. The coolest temperatures occur in December and January, when the lowest temperature occasionally dips to 10 °C (50 °F). May is the hottest month, when daily temperatures range from 26 to 39 °C (79–102 °F); December, the coldest, has temperatures varying from 14.5 to 28 °C (57–82 °F).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Canada", "paragraph_text": "Canada is geologically active, having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes, notably Mount Meager massif, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley massif, and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex. The volcanic eruption of the Tseax Cone in 1775 was among Canada's worst natural disasters, killing an estimated 2,000 Nisga'a people and destroying their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia. The eruption produced a 22.5-kilometre (14.0 mi) lava flow, and, according to Nisga'a legend, blocked the flow of the Nass River.Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below −40 °C (−40 °F) with severe wind chills. In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the north snow can persist year-round. Coastal British Columbia has a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s °C (70s °F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30 °C (77 to 86 °F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40 °C (104 °F).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Detroit and the rest of southeastern Michigan have a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa) which is influenced by the Great Lakes; the city and close-in suburbs are part of USDA Hardiness zone 6b, with farther-out northern and western suburbs generally falling in zone 6a. Winters are cold, with moderate snowfall and temperatures not rising above freezing on an average 44 days annually, while dropping to or below 0 °F (−18 °C) on an average 4.4 days a year; summers are warm to hot with temperatures exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) on 12 days. The warm season runs from May to September. The monthly daily mean temperature ranges from 25.6 °F (−3.6 °C) in January to 73.6 °F (23.1 °C) in July. Official temperature extremes range from 105 °F (41 °C) on July 24, 1934 down to −21 °F (−29 °C) on January 21, 1984; the record low maximum is −4 °F (−20 °C) on January 19, 1994, while, conversely the record high minimum is 80 °F (27 °C) on August 1, 2006, the most recent of five occurrences. A decade or two may pass between readings of 100 °F (38 °C) or higher, which last occurred July 17, 2012. The average window for freezing temperatures is October 20 thru April 22, allowing a growing season of 180 days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Jacksonville, Florida", "paragraph_text": "Mean monthly temperatures range from around 53 F in January to 82 F in July. High temperatures average 64 to 92 °F (18 to 33 °C) throughout the year. High heat indices are common for the summer months in the area, with indices above 110 °F (43.3 °C) possible. The highest temperature recorded was 104 °F (40 °C) on July 11, 1879 and July 28, 1872. It is common for thunderstorms to erupt during a typical summer afternoon. These are caused by the rapid heating of the land relative to the water, combined with extremely high humidity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Climate of Missouri", "paragraph_text": "Summer, June through August, is the hottest time of the year with a mean temperature of 24 ° C (75 ° F) and a mean precipitation of 300 mm (12 inches) with June having more precipitation than either July or August. The extreme highs for the year often occur in July or August. Tropical cyclones and their remains can impact the state during this time of the year, contributing to area rainfall.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Long drive", "paragraph_text": "Professional long drivers can average over 350 yards (320 m) in competition, compared with 300 yard (274 m) averages from the top PGA Tour drivers and 220 yards (201 m) for an average amateur. Some shots in competitions surpass 400 yards (366 m). The world record recognized by Guinness Records as the longest drive in a competition is 516 yards (472 m) by 64 - year - old Mike Austin in 1974 at the US Senior National Open Qualifier with a 43.5 ''steel shafted persimmon wood driver. The record distance achieved in The RE / MAX European Long Drive Championship is 473 yards (433m) by Allen Doyle in September 2005. The record distance achieved in The RE / MAX South African Long Drive Championship is 506 yards (462.9 m) by Nico Grobbelaar in September 2012. Fast swingers can swing their club heads at over 150 mph (245 km / h), well beyond the 85 mph (140 km / h) average for an amateur. They train for strength, flexibility, and speed and often perform corporate exhibitions for money, exhibiting a variety of trick shots. Ball speeds are nearly double that of an average golfer (220 mph).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Palermo", "paragraph_text": "Palermo experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Winters are cool and wet, while summers are hot and dry. Temperatures in autumn and spring are usually mild. Palermo is one of the warmest cities in Europe (mainly due to its warm nights), with an average annual air temperature of 18.5 °C (65.3 °F). It receives approximately 2,530 hours of sunshine per year. Snow is usually a rare occurrence, but it does occur occasionally if there is a cold front, as the Apennines are too distant to protect the island from cold winds blowing from the Balkans, and the mountains surrounding the city facilite the formation of snow accumulation in Palermo, especially at night. Between the 1940s and the 2000s there have been eleven times when considerable snowfall has occurred: In 1949, in 1956, when the minimum temperature went down to 0 °C (32 °F) and the city was blanketed by several centimeters of snow. Snow also occurred in 1999, 2009 and 2015. The average annual temperature of the sea is above 19 °C (66 °F); from 14 °C (57 °F) in February to 26 °C (79 °F) in August. In the period from May to November, the average sea temperature exceeds 18 °C (64 °F) and in the period from June to October, the average sea temperature exceeds 21 °C (70 °F).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "North Carolina", "paragraph_text": "The climate of the coastal plain is influenced by the Atlantic Ocean, which keeps conditions mild in winter and moderate, although humid, in summer. The highest coastal, daytime temperature averages less than 89 °F (32 °C) during summer months. The coast has mild temperatures in winter, with daytime highs rarely below 40 °F (4 °C). The average daytime temperature in the coastal plain is usually in the mid-50s °F (11–14 °C) in winter. Temperatures in the coastal plain only occasionally drop below the freezing point at night. The coastal plain averages only around 1 inch (2.5 cm) of snow or ice annually, and in many years, there may be no snow or ice at all.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Seattle", "paragraph_text": "Autumn, winter, and early spring are frequently characterized by rain. Winters are cool and wet with December, the coolest month, averaging 40.6 °F (4.8 °C), with 28 annual days with lows that reach the freezing mark, and 2.0 days where the temperature stays at or below freezing all day; the temperature rarely lowers to 20 °F (−7 °C). Summers are sunny, dry and warm, with August, the warmest month, averaging 66.1 °F (18.9 °C), and with temperatures reaching 90 °F (32 °C) on 3.1 days per year, although 2011 is the most recent year to not reach 90 °F. The hottest officially recorded temperature was 103 °F (39 °C) on July 29, 2009; the coldest recorded temperature was 0 °F (−18 °C) on January 31, 1950; the record cold daily maximum is 16 °F (−9 °C) on January 14, 1950, while, conversely, the record warm daily minimum is 71 °F (22 °C) the day the official record high was set. The average window for freezing temperatures is November 16 thru March 10, allowing a growing season of 250 days.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The climate of New Delhi is a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) with high variation between summer and winter in terms of both temperature and rainfall. The temperature varies from 46 °C (115 °F) in summers to around 0 °C (32 °F) in winters. The area's version of a humid subtropical climate is noticeably different from many other cities with this climate classification in that it features long and very hot summers, relatively dry and mild winters, a monsoonal period, and dust storms. Summers are long, extending from early April to October, with the monsoon season occurring in the middle of the summer. Winter starts in November and peaks in January. The annual mean temperature is around 25 °C (77 °F); monthly daily mean temperatures range from approximately 14 to 34 °C (57 to 93 °F). New Delhi's highest temperature ever recorded is 49.1 °C (120.4 °F) while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −3.2 °C (26.2 °F). Those for Delhi metropolis stand at 49.9 °C (121.8 °F) and −3.2 °C (26.2 °F) respectively. The average annual rainfall is 784 millimetres (30.9 in), most of which is during the monsoons in July and August.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Saint Barthélemy", "paragraph_text": "The island covers an area of 25 square kilometres (2,500 ha). The eastern side is wetter than the western. Although the climate is essentially arid, the rainfall does average 1000 mm annually, but with considerable variation over the terrain. Summer is from May to November, which is also the rainy season. Winter from December to April is the dry season. Sunshine is very prominent for nearly the entire year and even during the rainy season. Humidity, however, is not very high due to the winds. The average temperature is around 25 °C with day temperatures rising to 32 °C. The average high and low temperatures in January are 28 °C and 22 °C, respectively, while in July they are 30 °C and 24 °C. The lowest night temperature recorded is 13 °C. The Caribbean sea waters in the vicinity generally maintain a temperature of about 27 °C.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "List of NCAA major college football yearly rushing leaders", "paragraph_text": "The record for highest rushing yards per carry in a season was set in 1939 by Jackie Robinson of UCLA with an average of 12.2 yards per carry, a record that stands to this day.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Long drive", "paragraph_text": "Professional long drivers can average over 355 yards (320 m) in competition, compared with 305 yard (274 m) averages from the top PGA Tour drivers and 225 yards (201 m) for an average amateur. Some shots in competitions surpass 400 yards (366 m). The world record recognized by Guinness World Records as the longest drive in a competition is 516 yards (472 m) by 64 - year - old Mike Austin in 1974 at the US Senior National Open Qualifier with a 43.5 ''steel shafted persimmon wood driver. The record distance achieved in the European Long Drive Championship is 473 yards (433m) by Allen Doyle in September 2005. The record distance achieved in the South African Long Drive Championship is 506 yards (462.9 m) by Nico Grobbelaar in September 2012. Fast swingers can swing their club heads at over 150 mph (245 km / h), well beyond the 85 mph (140 km / h) average for an amateur. They train for strength, flexibility, and speed and often perform corporate exhibitions for money, exhibiting a variety of trick shots. Ball speeds are nearly double that of an average golfer (220 mph).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Galicia (Spain)", "paragraph_text": "Being located on the Atlantic coastline, Galicia has a very mild climate for the latitude and the marine influence affects most of the province to various degrees. In comparison to similar latitudes on the other side of the Atlantic, winters are exceptionally mild, with consistently heavy rainfall. Snow is rare due to temperatures rarely dropping below freezing. The warmest coastal station of Pontevedra has a yearly mean temperature of 14.8 °C (58.6 °F). Ourense located somewhat inland is only slightly warmer with 14.9 °C (58.8 °F). Due to its exposed north-westerly location, the climate is still very cool by Spanish standards. In coastal areas summers are temperered, averaging around 25 °C (77 °F) in Vigo. Temperatures are further cooler in A Coruña, with a subdued 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) normal. Temperatures do however soar in inland areas such as Ourense, where days above 30 °C (86 °F) are very regular.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2,000-yard club", "paragraph_text": "The 2,000 - yard club is a group of seven National Football League (NFL) running backs that have rushed for 2,000 or more yards in a season. These seven rushing seasons rank as the highest single - season rushing totals in NFL history, and reaching the 2,000 - yard mark is considered a significant achievement for running backs. No running back has yet achieved this feat twice. The first 2,000 - yard season was recorded in 1973 by Buffalo Bills running back O.J. Simpson. He is the only player to have surpassed 2,000 yards in a 14 - game season, as all others occurred in 16 - game seasons; he finished the season with 2,003 rushing yards, averaging six yards per carry and an NFL - record 143.1 rushing yards per game. Los Angeles Rams running back Eric Dickerson, who had broken the single - season rookie rushing record in 1983, recorded the second 2,000 - yard season in 1984. Dickerson rushed for 2,105 yards, the current NFL rushing record, and averaged 131.6 rushing yards per game.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bucharest", "paragraph_text": "Bucharest has a humid continental climate (Dfa), with warm to hot, humid summers and cold, snowy winters. Owing to its position on the Romanian Plain, the city's winters can get windy, though some of the winds are mitigated due to urbanisation. Winter temperatures often dip below 0 °C (32 °F), sometimes even to −20 °C (−4 °F). In summer, the average temperature is 23 °C (73 °F) (the average for July and August). Temperatures frequently reach 35 to 40 °C (95 to 104 °F) in midsummer in the city centre. Although average precipitation and humidity during summer are low, occasional heavy storms occur. During spring and autumn, daytime temperatures vary between 17 and 22 °C (63 and 72 °F), and precipitation during spring tends to be higher than in summer, with more frequent yet milder periods of rain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Kathmandu", "paragraph_text": "Five major climatic regions are found in Nepal. Of these, Kathmandu Valley is in the Warm Temperate Zone (elevation ranging from 1,200–2,300 metres (3,900–7,500 ft)), where the climate is fairly temperate, atypical for the region. This zone is followed by the Cool Temperate Zone with elevation varying between 2,100–3,300 metres (6,900–10,800 ft). Under Köppen's climate classification, portions of the city with lower elevations have a humid subtropical climate (Cwa), while portions of the city with higher elevations generally have a subtropical highland climate. In the Kathmandu Valley, which is representative of its valley's climate, the average summer temperature varies from 28–30 °C (82–86 °F). The average winter temperature is 10.1 °C (50.2 °F).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "Winters are cold and damp, and prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore minimize the moderating effects of the Atlantic Ocean; yet the Atlantic and the partial shielding from colder air by the Appalachians keep the city warmer in the winter than inland North American cities at similar or lesser latitudes such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and Indianapolis. The daily mean temperature in January, the area's coldest month, is 32.6 °F (0.3 °C); however, temperatures usually drop to 10 °F (−12 °C) several times per winter, and reach 50 °F (10 °C) several days each winter month. Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm, although they are usually mild with low humidity. Summers are typically warm to hot and humid, with a daily mean temperature of 76.5 °F (24.7 °C) in July and an average humidity level of 72%. Nighttime conditions are often exacerbated by the urban heat island phenomenon, while daytime temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on average of 17 days each summer and in some years exceed 100 °F (38 °C). In the warmer months, the dew point, a measure of atmospheric moisture, ranges from 57.3 °F (14.1 °C) in June to 62.0 °F (16.7 °C) in August. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −15 °F (−26 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934, up to 106 °F (41 °C) on July 9, 1936.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "During the summer months, it is common for temperatures to reach over 90 °F (32 °C), with an average of 106.5 days per year, including a majority from June to September, with a high of 90 °F or above and 4.6 days at or over 100 °F (38 °C). However, humidity usually yields a higher heat index. Summer mornings average over 90 percent relative humidity. Winds are often light in the summer and offer little relief, except in the far southeastern outskirts near the Gulf coast and Galveston. To cope with the strong humidity and heat, people use air conditioning in nearly every vehicle and building. In 1980, Houston was described as the \"most air-conditioned place on earth\". Officially, the hottest temperature ever recorded in Houston is 109 °F (43 °C), which was reached both on September 4, 2000 and August 28, 2011.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 129397, "question": "What state is Luther Yard located?", "answer": "Missouri", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 90527, "question": "what is the average summer temperature in #1", "answer": "75 ° F", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Iron Curtain", "paragraph_text": "The Iron Curtain took physical shape in the form of border defenses between the countries of western and eastern Europe. These were some of the most heavily militarised areas in the world, particularly the so - called ``inner German border ''-- commonly known as die Grenze in German -- between East and West Germany. The inner German border was marked in rural areas by double fences made of steel mesh (expanded metal) with sharp edges, while near urban areas a high concrete barrier similar to the Berlin Wall was built. The installation of the Wall in 1961 brought an end to a decade during which the divided capital of divided Germany was one of the easiest places to move west across the Iron Curtain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel", "paragraph_text": "Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel is an action role-playing game developed and published by Interplay Entertainment, and distributed in Europe by Avalon Interactive for the Xbox and PlayStation 2. Released on January 14, 2004, \"Fallout: Brotherhood of Steel\" was the fourth video game to be set in the \"Fallout\" universe. It was also the first to be made for consoles, and the last to be made during Interplay's initial run on the series, before the rights passed to Bethesda Softworks. The game chronicles the adventures of an initiate in the fictional Brotherhood of Steel, a militant quasi-religious organization that has come to power in a post-apocalyptic world.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Separation of church and state in the United States", "paragraph_text": "While the decision (with four dissents) ultimately upheld the state law allowing the funding of transportation of students to religious schools, the majority opinion (by Justice Hugo Black) and the dissenting opinions (by Justice Wiley Blount Rutledge and Justice Robert H. Jackson) each explicitly stated that the Constitution has erected a \"wall between church and state\" or a \"separation of Church from State\": their disagreement was limited to whether this case of state funding of transportation to religious schools breached that wall. Rutledge, on behalf of the four dissenting justices, took the position that the majority had indeed permitted a violation of the wall of separation in this case: \"Neither so high nor so impregnable today as yesterday is the wall raised between church and state by Virginia's great statute of religious freedom and the First Amendment, now made applicable to all the states by the Fourteenth.\" Writing separately, Justice Jackson argued that \"[T]here are no good grounds upon which to support the present legislation. In fact, the undertones of the opinion, advocating complete and uncompromising separation of Church from State, seem utterly discordant with its conclusion yielding support to their commingling in educational matters.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "Worldwide prosperity changed dramatically with the onset of the Great Depression in 1929. The Wall Street Crash of 1929 served to punctuate the end of the previous era, as The Great Depression set in. The Great Depression was a worldwide economic downturn starting in most places in 1929 and ending at different times in the 1930s or early 1940s for different countries. It was the largest and most important economic depression in the 20th century, and is used in the 21st century as an example of how far the world's economy can fall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Empire State Building", "paragraph_text": "By July 27, half of the steel skeleton had been completed. The steel structure was completed on September 19, twelve days ahead of schedule and 23 weeks after the start of construction. The Empire State Building surpassed the heights of both the Chrysler Building and 40 Wall Street on April 11, 1931, twelve days ahead of schedule and 410 days after construction commenced.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jach'a Jawira (Oruro)", "paragraph_text": "Jach'a Jawira (Aymara \"jach'a\" big, great, \"jawira\" river, \"great river\", hispanicized spelling \"Jachcha Jahuira\") is a Bolivian river north of Coipasa Lake in the Oruro Department. Coming from the Waylla Marka range northwest of Poopó Lake the river flows in a south-western direction along the village of Belén de Choquecota in the Nor Carangas Province towards the Carangas Province. In the Choquecota Municipality, southwest of Choquecota, it empties into the Barras River which ends in Coipasa Lake.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Great Western Iron and Steel Company", "paragraph_text": "The Great Western Iron and Steel Company was a company founded in the 1890s in Kirkland, Washington by the city's namesake Peter Kirk to build an integrated smelter and steel mill to refine local ore into steel for rails and other purposes. If the enterprise had proceeded as Kirk and other investors envisioned, it would have held a \"practical monopoly of the entire Pacific Coast\" steel production. But instead, the company went bankrupt in the Panic of 1893, and the mostly-completed mill never produced any steel. A scholar in 1962 called it \"the last major effort of private capital to erect an integrated iron and steel mill on the West Coast\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Slavery in international law", "paragraph_text": "The concept has its roots in the 1807 Abolition of Slavery Act of Great Britain. Many academics in the field perceive this as the beginning of the end of the traditional form of slavery: chattel slavery. In the 19th century, Britain controlled the majority of the world through its colonies. Consequently, in passing this law to abolish slavery, the British Parliament abolished slavery in the vast majority of its colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Great American Ball Park", "paragraph_text": "Great American Ball Park is a baseball stadium in Cincinnati, Ohio, which is the home field of Major League Baseball's Cincinnati Reds. It opened in 2003, replacing Cinergy Field (formerly Riverfront Stadium), their home field from 1970 to 2002. The park's name comes from Great American Insurance Group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "History of the steel industry (1850–1970)", "paragraph_text": "In 1869 iron was already a major industry, accounting for 6.6% of manufacturing employment and 7.8% of manufacturing output. By then the central figure was Andrew Carnegie, who made Pittsburgh the center of the industry. He sold his operations to US Steel in 1901, which became the world's largest steel corporation for decades.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "High-speed steel", "paragraph_text": "In 1868 the English metallurgist Robert Forester Mushet developed Mushet steel, considered to be the forerunner of modern high speed steels. It consisted of 2% carbon (C), 2.5% manganese (Mn), and 7% tungsten (W). The major advantage of this steel was that it hardened when air cooled from a temperature at which most steels had to be quenched for hardening. Over the next 30 years the most significant change was the replacement of manganese (Mn) with chromium (Cr).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Santa Caterina a Formiello", "paragraph_text": "Santa Caterina a Formiello is a church in Naples, in southern Italy, located at the extreme eastern end of the old historic center of the city, on Via Carbonara and Piazza Enrico de Nicola, near the gate called Porta Capuana. The term \"Formiello\" comes from the forms or containers for water spouts found in the convent. Diagonally across the street and South is the Fontana del Formiello against the rear wall of the imposing Castel Capuano.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Great Wall of China", "paragraph_text": "The Great Wall stretches from Dandong in the east to Lop Lake in the west, along an arc that roughly delineates the southern edge of Inner Mongolia. A comprehensive archaeological survey, using advanced technologies, has concluded that the Ming walls measure 8,850 km (5,500 mi). This is made up of 6,259 km (3,889 mi) sections of actual wall, 359 km (223 mi) of trenches and 2,232 km (1,387 mi) of natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. Another archaeological survey found that the entire wall with all of its branches measure out to be 21,196 km (13,171 mi). Today, the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural feats in history.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Great White (SeaWorld San Antonio)", "paragraph_text": "The Great White is a steel inverted roller coaster at SeaWorld San Antonio, and the first roller coaster to be built at a SeaWorld park. It is also the first inverted roller coaster in Texas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Georgy Butmi de Katzman", "paragraph_text": "Butmi edited and/or published the Russian language editions of the Protocols of the wise men of Zion, in 1906, and 1907, respectively, after the Pavel Krushevan 1903 and Sergei Nilus 1905 editions. The first edition was published by Pavel A. Krushevan in Znamya in 1903; it has come to be known as the \"shorter version.\" The second version was published by Sergei Nilus as chapter twelve in the 1905 second edition of his book, \"Velikoe v malom\"... (\"The Great within the Minuscule\"...), on the coming of the anti-Christ. Butmi's, therefore, is essentially the third major edition in any language.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Panjandrum", "paragraph_text": "The DMWD had been asked to come up with a device capable of penetrating the , concrete defences that made up part of the Atlantic Wall. It was further specified that the device should be capable of being launched from landing craft since it was highly likely that the beaches in front of the defences would act as a killing ground for anyone attempting to deliver the device by hand. Sub-Lieutenant Nevil Shute calculated that over of explosives would be needed in order to create a tank-sized breach in such a wall. The delivery method for such a quantity of explosives posed a significant problem, and one of the concepts discussed ultimately resulted in the construction of the prototype \"Great Panjandrum\". The proposed device was composed of two wooden wheels, ten feet in diameter with steel treads a foot wide, joined by a central drum fitted with the explosive payload. It was to be propelled by sets of cordite rockets attached to each wheel. It was predicted that when deployed with a full load, Panjandrum would achieve speeds of around , simply crashing through any obstacles to reach its target. The name \"Great Panjandrum\" was chosen by Shute as a reference to Samuel Foote's famous extempore nonsense paragraph (though Foote's term was actually \"the \"grand\" Panjandrum\"), and in particular to its closing line \"till the gunpowder ran out at the heels of their boots\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of Jerusalem", "paragraph_text": "In 66 CE, the Jewish population rebelled against the Roman Empire in what is now known as the First Jewish -- Roman War or Great Revolt. Roman legions under future emperor Titus reconquered and subsequently destroyed much of Jerusalem in 70 CE. Also the Second Temple was burnt and all that remained was the great external (retaining) walls supporting the esplanade on which the Temple had stood, a portion of which has become known as the Western Wall. Titus' victory is commemorated by the Arch of Titus in Rome. Agrippa II died c. 94 CE, which brought the Herodian dynasty to an end almost thirty years after the destruction of the Second Temple. After the end of this revolt, Jews continued to live in Jerusalem in significant numbers, and were allowed to practice their religion, only if they paid the Jewish Tax.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jeppesen Gymnasium", "paragraph_text": "Designed by Harry D. Payne using an art deco design style, Jeppesen Gymnasium's structure consisted of two stories and a basement. It was built of reinforced concrete and steel with masonry walls. Buttresses, columns, and steel trusses supported a sound-absorbing roof. On the south end of the structure were four entrances to a lobby that led to the basketball court itself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Matter of Time", "paragraph_text": "The Matter of Time (in Spanish: La materia del tiempo) is an installation comprising eight pieces of torqued ellipses made of weathering steel (COR-TEN steel), by the US sculptor Richard Serra. It incorporates a series of seven sculptures made of spot-welded sheets of steel that form -high curling walls positioned around the existing sculpture, \"Snake\" (\"Serpiente\"), that had been commissioned for the museum's opening in 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Great Chase (Six Flags America)", "paragraph_text": "Great Chase is a steel roller coaster at Six Flags America in Prince George's County, Maryland. This is a junior coaster that replaced the previous junior coaster, the Cannonball that ran from 1993 to 1998.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 47835, "question": "where does the majority of steel come from", "answer": "China", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 91941, "question": "where does the great wall of #1 end", "answer": "Lop Lake in the west", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Hazrat Nizamuddin railway station", "paragraph_text": "Nizamuddin हज़रत निज़ामुद्दीन Rapid transit, Light rail, Commuter rail & Regional rail station Location New Delhi, Delhi India 28 ° 35 ′ 21 ''N 77 ° 15 ′ 15'' E  /  28.58917 ° N 77.25417 ° E  / 28.58917; 77.25417 Elevation 206.7 metres (678 ft) Platforms 7 Construction Structure type Standard (on ground station) Parking Yes Other information Status Functioning Station code NZM Zone (s) Northern Railway zone Division (s) Delhi Electrified Yes Traffic Passengers (Daily) 360,000 + Location Nizamuddin Location within Delhi", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Although colloquially Delhi and New Delhi as names are used interchangeably to refer to the jurisdiction of NCT of Delhi, these are two distinct entities, and the latter is a small part of the former.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "New Delhi is a major junction in the Indian railway network and is the headquarters of the Northern Railway. The five main railway stations are New Delhi railway station, Old Delhi, Nizamuddin Railway Station, Anand Vihar Railway Terminal and Sarai Rohilla. The Delhi Metro, a mass rapid transit system built and operated by Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC), serves many parts of Delhi and the neighbouring cities Faridabad, Gurgaon, Noida and Ghaziabad. As of August 2011, the metro consists of six operational lines with a total length of 189 km (117 mi) and 146 stations, and several other lines are under construction. It carries millions of passengers every day. In addition to the Delhi Metro, a suburban railway, the Delhi Suburban Railway exists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Agra", "paragraph_text": "Shāh Jahān later shifted the capital to Delhi during his reign, but his son Aurangzeb moved the capital back to Akbarabād, usurping his father and imprisoning him in the Fort there. Akbarabād remained the capital of India during the rule of Aurangzeb until he shifted it to Aurangabad in the Deccan in 1653.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Sarita Vihar", "paragraph_text": "Sarita Vihar District Subdivision Sarita Vihar Location in Delhi, India Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Coordinates: 28 ° 32 ′ 02 ''N 77 ° 17 ′ 24'' E  /  28.533890 ° N 77.289942 ° E  / 28.533890; 77.289942 Country India State Delhi District South East Delhi Government Body South Delhi Municipal Corporation Languages Official Hindi, English Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN 110076 Nearest city Gurgaon / Faridabad / Noida / Greater Noida Lok Sabha constituency South Delhi Civic agency South Delhi Municipal Corporation", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Connaught Place, one of North India's largest commercial and financial centres, is located in the northern part of New Delhi. Adjoining areas such as Barakhamba Road, ITO are also major commercial centres. Government and quasi government sector was the primary employer in New Delhi. The city's service sector has expanded due in part to the large skilled English-speaking workforce that has attracted many multinational companies. Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Rashtrapati Bhavan", "paragraph_text": "Rashtrapati Bhavan Location in New Delhi, Delhi, India Former names Viceroy's House Alternative names Presidential House General information Architectural style Delhi Order Location Rajpath, New Delhi, India Coordinates 28 ° 36 ′ 51.63 ''N 77 ° 11 ′ 59.29'' E  /  28.6143417 ° N 77.1998028 ° E  / 28.6143417; 77.1998028 Current tenants Ram Nath Kovind (President of India) Construction started 1912 Completed 1929; 89 years ago (1929) Technical details Size 130 hectare (321 acre) Floor area 200,000 sq ft (19,000 m) Design and construction Architect Edwin Lutyens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Telugu cuisine", "paragraph_text": "The Telangana state lies on the Deccan plateau and its topography dictates more millet and roti (leavened bread) based dishes. Jowar and Bajra features more prominently in their cuisine. Due to its proximity with Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh and northwest Karnataka, it shares some similarities of the Deccan plateau cuisine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering", "paragraph_text": "Delhi Institute of Tool Engineering (DITE) is a Delhi State Government Engineering college located in the Wazirpur Industrial Area of New Delhi, India.It has a new and specialized programme Mechatronics and Tool Engineering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi", "paragraph_text": "The All India Institute of Ayurveda, Delhi (abbreviated AIIA Delhi or AIIAD) is a public Ayurveda medicine & research institution located in New Delhi, India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Deccan Airways Limited", "paragraph_text": "Deccan Airways Limited was a commercial airline based in Hyderabad. Founded in 1945, it was one of the nine airlines existing in India during independence. The airline, a joint venture of Nizam Government of erstwhile Hyderabad State and Tata Airlines was launched with a fleet of three aircraft. By the time it was merged with Indian Airlines in 1953, it had a fleet of thirteen Douglas DC - 3 'Dakota' aircraft. The airline operated on Madras - Hyderabad - Nagpur - Bhopal - Gwalior - Delhi, Hyderabad - Bombay and Hyderabad - Bangalore sectors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Deccan Plateau", "paragraph_text": "The climate of the region varies from semi-arid in the north to tropical in most of the region with distinct wet and dry seasons. Rain falls during the monsoon season from about June to October. March to June can be very dry and hot, with temperatures regularly exceeding 40 ° C. The Deccan plateau is a topographically variegated region located south of the Gangetic plains - the portion lying between the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal - and includes a substantial area to the north of the Satpura Range, which has popularly been regarded as the divide between northern India and the Deccan. The name derives from the Sanskrit daksina (``south ''). The plateau is bounded on the east and west by the Ghats, while its northern extremity is the Vindhya Range. The Deccan's average elevation is about 2,000 feet (600 m), sloping generally eastward; its principal rivers, the Godavari, Krishna, and Cauvery, flow from the Western Ghats eastward to the Bay of Bengal. The plateau's climate is drier than that on the coasts and is arid in places. Although sometimes used to mean all of India south of the Narmada River, the word Deccan relates more specifically to that area of rich volcanic soils and lava - covered plateaus in the northern part of the peninsula between the Narmada and Krishna rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "The Kakatiya dynasty was reduced to a vassal of the Khilji dynasty in 1310 after its defeat by Sultan Alauddin Khilji of the Delhi Sultanate. This lasted until 1321, when the Kakatiya dynasty was annexed by Malik Kafur, Allaudin Khilji's general. During this period, Alauddin Khilji took the Koh-i-Noor diamond, which is said to have been mined from the Kollur Mines of Golkonda, to Delhi. Muhammad bin Tughluq succeeded to the Delhi sultanate in 1325, bringing Warangal under the rule of the Tughlaq dynasty until 1347 when Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah, a governor under bin Tughluq, rebelled against Delhi and established the Bahmani Sultanate in the Deccan Plateau, with Gulbarga, 200 km (124 mi) west of Hyderabad, as its capital. The Bahmani kings ruled the region until 1518 and were the first independent Muslim rulers of the Deccan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Arjun College of Technology", "paragraph_text": "Arjun College of Technology located at Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, is a private self-financing engineering institute. It was established in 2013 as part of the Arjun Group of Concerns. The college is approved by AICTE, New Delhi and affiliated to the Anna University, Chennai.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Asirgarh Fort", "paragraph_text": "Asirgarh Fort is an Indian fortress \"(qila)\" situated in the Satpura Range about north of the city of Burhanpur, in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Because the fortress commands a pass through the Satpuras connecting the valleys of the Narmada and Tapti rivers, one of the most important routes from northern India to the Deccan, it was known as the \"key to the Deccan\". During the Mughal Era, it was considered that the Deccan started here while the empire from Asirgarh to Delhi was considered Hindustan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Hyderabad", "paragraph_text": "Situated in the southern part of Telangana in southeastern India, Hyderabad is 1,566 kilometres (973 mi) south of Delhi, 699 kilometres (434 mi) southeast of Mumbai, and 570 kilometres (350 mi) north of Bangalore by road. It lies on the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of the Deccan Plateau. Greater Hyderabad covers 650 km2 (250 sq mi), making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in India. With an average altitude of 542 metres (1,778 ft), Hyderabad lies on predominantly sloping terrain of grey and pink granite, dotted with small hills, the highest being Banjara Hills at 672 metres (2,205 ft). The city has numerous lakes referred to as sagar, meaning \"sea\". Examples include artificial lakes created by dams on the Musi, such as Hussain Sagar (built in 1562 near the city centre), Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar. As of 1996, the city had 140 lakes and 834 water tanks (ponds).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "New Delhi", "paragraph_text": "Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah", "paragraph_text": "The major part of the shooting is done in Mumbai. However, some parts of the show have also been shot in places such as Gujarat, New Delhi, Goa and in foreign locations such as London, Brussels, Paris and Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Holiday Inn New Delhi Mayur Vihar NOIDA", "paragraph_text": "Holiday Inn New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA is a hotel in East Delhi, India, near NOIDA. It opened in 2011 alongside its sister property, Crowne Plaza New Delhi / Mayur Vihar / NOIDA. The hotel is part of the InterContinental Hotels Group, an international hotel chain hotel founded in 1946. This property is owned by Eros Resorts & Hotels Limited, a Delhi-based real estate and hospitality group who also own and manage other properties in the area. The management of the hotel is delegated to hoteliers from India and abroad.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Geological history of Earth", "paragraph_text": "To the north of Africa the Tethys Sea continued to narrow. Broad shallow seas advanced across central North America (the Western Interior Seaway) and Europe, then receded late in the period, leaving thick marine deposits sandwiched between coal beds. At the peak of the Cretaceous transgression, one-third of Earth's present land area was submerged. The Cretaceous is justly famous for its chalk; indeed, more chalk formed in the Cretaceous than in any other period in the Phanerozoic. Mid-ocean ridge activity—or rather, the circulation of seawater through the enlarged ridges—enriched the oceans in calcium; this made the oceans more saturated, as well as increased the bioavailability of the element for calcareous nanoplankton. These widespread carbonates and other sedimentary deposits make the Cretaceous rock record especially fine. Famous formations from North America include the rich marine fossils of Kansas's Smoky Hill Chalk Member and the terrestrial fauna of the late Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation. Other important Cretaceous exposures occur in Europe and China. In the area that is now India, massive lava beds called the Deccan Traps were laid down in the very late Cretaceous and early Paleocene.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 39015, "question": "Where are the Deccan Traps?", "answer": "India", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 11098, "question": "In what part of #1 is Delhi located?", "answer": "the centre of northern India", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 } ]

[ "IND", "IN", "India", "in", "Hindustan" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Grimsby GO Station", "paragraph_text": "Grimsby GO Station is a proposed station on the GO Transit train and bus network in the province of Ontario, Canada. It will be located in the town of Grimsby in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, and will connect to the Lakeshore West line train service at Confederation GO Station in Hamilton. It is expected to open in 2021. It will be the first station to open in the planned GO Transit Niagara Falls extension, which will also include stops at St. Catharines railway station and Niagara Falls railway station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Kurunta", "paragraph_text": "Kurunta (Cuneiform: ) was a Hittite king, a son of Muwatalli II born in the 13th century BC, and cousin of Tudhaliya IV. \"Kurunta\" is a Luwian name; he also bore the Hurrian name \"Ulmi-Teššup\" (often spelled \"Ulmi-Teshub\"\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Napoleon", "paragraph_text": "The settlements at Tilsit gave Napoleon time to organize his empire. One of his major objectives became enforcing the Continental System against the British. He decided to focus his attention on the Kingdom of Portugal, which consistently violated his trade prohibitions. After defeat in the War of the Oranges in 1801, Portugal adopted a double-sided policy. At first, John VI agreed to close his ports to British trade. The situation changed dramatically after the Franco-Spanish defeat at Trafalgar; John grew bolder and officially resumed diplomatic and trade relations with Britain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China", "paragraph_text": "The Chinese agreed to a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question. The statement enabled the U.S. and PRC to temporarily set aside the \"crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations\" concerning the political status of Taiwan and to open trade and other contacts. However, the U.S. continued to maintain official relations with the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan, and did not break off until 1979, when the U.S. established full diplomatic relations with the PRC.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Collective bargaining", "paragraph_text": "The term ``collective bargaining ''was first used in 1891 by Beatrice Webb, a founder of the field of industrial relations in Britain. It refers to the sort of collective negotiations and agreements that had existed since the rise of trade unions during the 18th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "From a Jack to a King", "paragraph_text": "``From a Jack to a King ''is a country music song. Originally a crossover hit for artist Ned Miller, who also wrote`` Dark Moon,'' ``A Falling Star, ''and many other country songs. It has been covered extensively by country music artists.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty", "paragraph_text": "The Egyptian -- Hittite peace treaty, also known as the Eternal Treaty or the Silver Treaty, is the only ancient Near Eastern treaty for which both sides' versions have survived. It is sometimes called the Treaty of Kadesh after the well - documented Battle of Kadesh fought some sixteen years earlier, although Kadesh is not mentioned in the text. Both sides of the treaty have been the subject of intensive scholarly study. The treaty itself did not bring about a peace; in fact ``an atmosphere of enmity between Hatti and Egypt lasted many years, ''until the eventual treaty of alliance was signed.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Snow Falling on Cedars", "paragraph_text": "Snow Falling on Cedars is a 1994 award-winning novel written by American writer David Guterson. Guterson, who was a teacher at the time, wrote the book in the early morning hours over a ten-year period. Because of the success of the novel, however, he quit his job and began to write full-time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Philadelphia", "paragraph_text": "Under the Köppen climate classification, Philadelphia falls in the northern periphery of the humid subtropical climate zone (Köppen Cfa). Summers are typically hot and muggy, fall and spring are generally mild, and winter is cold. Snowfall is highly variable, with some winters bringing only light snow and others bringing several major snowstorms, with the normal seasonal snowfall standing at 22.4 in (57 cm); snow in November or April is rare, and a sustained snow cover is rare. Precipitation is generally spread throughout the year, with eight to twelve wet days per month, at an average annual rate of 41.5 inches (1,050 mm), but historically ranging from 29.31 in (744 mm) in 1922 to 64.33 in (1,634 mm) in 2011. The most rain recorded in one day occurred on July 28, 2013, when 8.02 in (204 mm) fell at Philadelphia International Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Group (mathematics)", "paragraph_text": "for any constant c. Matrix groups over these fields fall under this regime, as do adele rings and adelic algebraic groups, which are basic to number theory. Galois groups of infinite field extensions such as the absolute Galois group can also be equipped with a topology, the so-called Krull topology, which in turn is central to generalize the above sketched connection of fields and groups to infinite field extensions. An advanced generalization of this idea, adapted to the needs of algebraic geometry, is the étale fundamental group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "European colonisation of Southeast Asia", "paragraph_text": "The spice trade was made possible by the maritime trade route. In 1498, the Portuguese navigator, Vasco da Gama, sailed round the Cape of Good Hope and opened up a sea route from Europe to India. Bringing home samples of exotic oriental products, da Gama greatly increased European interest in the new trade route and the new trade route quickly facilitated the expansion of trade. Eventually, the Dutch wrestled control of it from the Portuguese in the 17th century, and in the 18th century, the British gained control of it from the Dutch. Nevertheless, the spice route greatly increased trading activities, deepened the economic relations between Europe and Southeast Asia and as a result, more European merchants found their way to Southeast Asia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Luther Blount", "paragraph_text": "Luther H. Blount (September 5, 1916 – September 24, 2006) was an American entrepreneur, inventor, and philanthropist. Blount was a shipbuilder and holds 22 patents, most of which are relating to his trade.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Gary Beckman", "paragraph_text": "Gary Michael Beckman (born 1948) is a noted Hittitologist and Professor of Hittite and Mesopotamian Studies from the University of Michigan. He has written several books on the Ancient Hittites: his publication 'Hittite Diplomatic Texts' and 'Hittite Myths' were both republished twice—in 1991 and 1999 respectively. As a Hittitologist, Professor Gary Beckman also wrote an article on Hittite Chronology in Akkadica 119-120 (2000) while he served as an editor of the 2003 book 'Hittite Studies in Honor of Harry A. Hoffner, Jr: On the Occasion of His 65th Birthday ' Beckman also composed a book review on Trevor Bryce's influential book, The Kingdom of the Hittites in Bryn Mawr.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Qing dynasty", "paragraph_text": "There was also another government institution called Imperial Household Department which was unique to the Qing dynasty. It was established before the fall of the Ming, but it became mature only after 1661, following the death of the Shunzhi Emperor and the accession of his son, the Kangxi Emperor. The department's original purpose was to manage the internal affairs of the imperial family and the activities of the inner palace (in which tasks it largely replaced eunuchs), but it also played an important role in Qing relations with Tibet and Mongolia, engaged in trading activities (jade, ginseng, salt, furs, etc.), managed textile factories in the Jiangnan region, and even published books. Relations with the Salt Superintendents and salt merchants, such as those at Yangzhou, were particularly lucrative, especially since they were direct, and did not go through absorptive layers of bureaucracy. The department was manned by booi,[o] or \"bondservants,\" from the Upper Three Banners. By the 19th century, it managed the activities of at least 56 subagencies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Maathorneferure", "paragraph_text": "Maathorneferure was a daughter of the Hittite king Hattusili III and his wife, Queen Puduhepa. She was the sister of the crown prince Nerikkaili of Hatti and the sister of the later Hittite king Tudhaliya IV.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Most favoured nation", "paragraph_text": "MFN / NTR status for China, a non-market economy, which had been originally suspended in 1951, was restored in 1980 and was continued in effect through subsequent annual Presidential extensions. Following the massacre of pro-democracy demonstrators in Tiananmen Square in 1989, however, the annual renewal of China's MFN status became a source of considerable debate in the Congress; and legislation was introduced to terminate China's MFN / NTR status or to impose additional conditions relating to improvements in China's actions on various trade and non-trade issues. Agricultural interests generally opposed attempts to block MFN / NTR renewal for China, contending that several billion dollars annually in current and future U.S. agricultural exports could be jeopardized if that country retaliated. In China's case, Congress agreed to permanent normal trade relations (PNTR) status in P.L. 106 - 286, President Clinton signed into law on October 10, 2000. PNTR paved the way for China's accession to the WTO in December 2000; it provides U.S. exporters of agricultural products the opportunity to benefit from China's WTO agreements to reduce trade barriers and open its agricultural markets.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tiziano Terzani", "paragraph_text": "Tiziano Terzani (; 14 September 1938 – 28 July 2004) was an Italian journalist and writer, best known for his extensive knowledge of 20th century East Asia and for being one of the very few western reporters to witness both the fall of Saigon to the hands of the Viet Cong and the fall of Phnom Penh at the hands of the Khmer Rouge in the mid-1970s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "PAW Patrol", "paragraph_text": "Everest is a Siberian husky who serves as a snow rescue dog in emergencies relating to snow or ice. Her vehicle is a snowmobile. Like Tracker, she does not stay with the PAW Patrol and instead lives at Adventure Bay's ski resort, but will answer a call for assistance whenever her services are needed. She is voiced by Berkley Silverman. Everest, along with Cap'n Turbot, was added to the opening theme in season three.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tar-Aldarion", "paragraph_text": "Tar-Aldarion is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium. He appears primarily in \"Aldarion and Erendis: The Mariner's Wife\", a story published in \"Unfinished Tales\", and the only extensive story of Númenor before its fall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Andrey Korolev", "paragraph_text": "Andrey Aleksandrovich Korolev (; 1944, Bern – 1999, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian philologist, PhD, a scholar in Indo-European and Oriental studies. His main works concerned Celtic and Hittite and other languages of Asia Minor.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 53520, "question": "who had extensive trade relations with the hittites", "answer": "Egypt", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 37147, "question": "Where does snow fall in #1 ?", "answer": "Sinai's mountains and some of the north coastal cities", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "According to the 2010 Census, 89.4 percent of the population was White (87.8 percent Non-Hispanic White), 6.3 percent American Indian and Alaska Native, 2.9 percent Hispanics and Latinos of any race, 0.6 percent Asian, 0.4 percent Black or African American, 0.1 percent Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, 0.6 percent from Some Other Race, and 2.5 percent from two or more races. The largest European ancestry groups in Montana as of 2010 are: German (27.0 percent), Irish (14.8 percent), English (12.6 percent), Norwegian (10.9 percent), French (4.7 percent) and Italian (3.4 percent).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Demographics of Israel", "paragraph_text": "According to Israel's Central Bureau of Statistics, in 2008, of Israel's 7.3 million people, 75.6 percent were Jews of any background. Among them, 70.3 percent were Sabras (born in Israel), mostly second- or third-generation Israelis, and the rest are olim (Jewish immigrants to Israel)—20.5 percent from Europe and the Americas, and 9.2 percent from Asia and Africa, including the Arab countries.The paternal lineage of the Jewish population of Israel as of 2015 is as follows:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Water in California", "paragraph_text": "The Colorado River originates more than 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from California in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming and forms the state's southeastern border in the Mojave Desert. Unlike the other California watersheds, essentially all of the water flowing in the Colorado originates outside the state. The Colorado is a critical source of irrigation and urban water for southern California, providing between 55 and 65 percent of the total supply.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Billy Hoffman (singer)", "paragraph_text": "Billy Hoffman (born in Arkansas and raised in Poteau, Oklahoma) is an American country music singer. Hoffman was born with a hearing problem and is only three percent away from being deaf. He also learned to play guitar to gain dexterity after being born with underdeveloped hands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Race (human categorization)", "paragraph_text": "This effectively means that populations of organisms must have reached a certain measurable level of difference to be recognised as subspecies. Dean Amadon proposed in 1949 that subspecies would be defined according to the seventy-five percent rule which means that 75% of a population must lie outside 99% of the range of other populations for a given defining morphological character or a set of characters. The seventy-five percent rule still has defenders but other scholars argue that it should be replaced with ninety or ninety-five percent rule.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Private school", "paragraph_text": "The right to create private schools in Germany is in Article 7, Paragraph 4 of the Grundgesetz and cannot be suspended even in a state of emergency. It is also not possible to abolish these rights. This unusual protection of private schools was implemented to protect these schools from a second Gleichschaltung or similar event in the future. Still, they are less common than in many other countries. Overall, between 1992 and 2008 the percent of pupils in such schools in Germany increased from 6.1% to 7.8% (including rise from 0.5% to 6.1% in the former GDR). Percent of students in private high schools reached 11.1%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2015, Tennessee had an estimated population of 6,600,299, which is an increase of 50,947, from the prior year and an increase of 254,194, or 4.01%, since the year 2010. This includes a natural increase since the last census of 142,266 people (that is 493,881 births minus 351,615 deaths), and an increase from net migration of 219,551 people into the state. Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 59,385 people, and migration within the country produced a net increase of 160,166 people. Twenty percent of Tennesseans were born outside the South in 2008, compared to a figure of 13.5% in 1990.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Isostar", "paragraph_text": "Isostar is a sports drink sold in Europe. It is similar to Gatorade and Powerade in that it hydrates and provides energy through glucose. Isostar was first created in Switzerland in 1977.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Agriculture in Vietnam", "paragraph_text": "In 2004, agriculture and forestry accounted for 21.8 percent of Vietnam's gross domestic product (GDP), and between 1994 and 2004, the sector grew at an annual rate of 4.1 percent. Agriculture's share of economic output has declined in recent years, falling as a share of GDP from 42% in 1989 to 26% in 1999, as production in other sectors of the economy has risen. However, agricultural employment was much higher than agriculture’s share of GDP; in 2005, approximately 60 percent of the employed labor force was engaged in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. Agricultural products accounted for 30 percent of exports in 2005. The relaxation of the state monopoly on rice exports transformed the country into the world’s second or third largest rice exporter. Other cash crops are coffee, cotton, peanuts, rubber, sugarcane, and tea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "CMT Cross Country", "paragraph_text": "CMT Cross Country is a television show broadcast on Country Music Television and Palladia that pairs two country music artists together. Each episode of CMT Cross Country features a different set of stars playing together. It is similar in format to \"CMT Crossroads\", except that in this series, both of the two artists are predominantly known for their country music contributions, as opposed to \"Crossroads\", where one of the two artists is from outside the traditional country genre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Hunting", "paragraph_text": "Hunting in the United States is not associated with any particular class or culture; a 2006 poll showed seventy-eight percent of Americans supported legal hunting, although relatively few Americans actually hunt. At the beginning of the 21st century, just six percent of Americans hunted. Southerners in states along the eastern seaboard hunted at a rate of five percent, slightly below the national average, and while hunting was more common in other parts of the South at nine percent, these rates did not surpass those of the Plains states, where twelve percent of Midwesterners hunted. Hunting in other areas of the country fell below the national average. Overall, in the 1996–2006 period, the number of hunters over the age of sixteen declined by ten percent, a drop attributable to a number of factors including habitat loss and changes in recreation habits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Sunset Ridge Country Club", "paragraph_text": "Sunset Ridge Country Club is a private country club located in Cook County, just outside the city limits of Northfield, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "The budget of the city for 2013 was €7.6 billion, of which 5.4 billion went for city administration, while €2.2 billion went for investment. The largest part of the budget (38 percent) went for public housing and urbanism projects; 15 percent for roads and transport; 8 percent for schools (which are mostly financed by the state budget); 5 percent for parks and gardens; and 4 percent for culture. The main source of income for the city is direct taxes (35 percent), supplemented by a 13-percent real estate tax; 19 percent of the budget comes in a transfer from the national government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Czech language", "paragraph_text": "Czech, the official language of the Czech Republic (a member of the European Union since 2004), is one of the EU's official languages and the 2012 Eurobarometer survey found that Czech was the foreign language most often used in Slovakia. Economist Jonathan van Parys collected data on language knowledge in Europe for the 2012 European Day of Languages. The five countries with the greatest use of Czech were the Czech Republic (98.77 percent), Slovakia (24.86 percent), Portugal (1.93 percent), Poland (0.98 percent) and Germany (0.47 percent).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "In 2012 the Paris agglomeration (urban area) counted 28,800 people without a fixed residence, an increase of 84 percent since 2001; it represents 43 percent of the homeless in all of France. Forty-one percent were women, and 29 percent were accompanied by children. Fifty-six percent of the homeless were born outside France, the largest number coming from Africa and Eastern Europe. The city of Paris has sixty homeless shelters, called Centres d'hébergement et de réinsertion sociale or CHRS, which are funded by the city and operated by private charities and associations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "Located in the American South, Houston is a diverse city with a large and growing international community. The metropolitan area is home to an estimated 1.1 million (21.4 percent) residents who were born outside the United States, with nearly two-thirds of the area's foreign-born population from south of the United States–Mexico border. Additionally, more than one in five foreign-born residents are from Asia. The city is home to the nation's third-largest concentration of consular offices, representing 86 countries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Rajasthan", "paragraph_text": "Rajasthan is[when?] earning Rs. 150 million (approx. US$2.5 million) per day as revenue from the crude oil sector. This earning is expected to reach ₹250 million per day in 2013 (which is an increase of ₹100 million or more than 66 percent). The government of India has given permission to extract 300,000 barrels of crude per day from Barmer region which is now 175,000 barrels per day. Once this limit is achieved Rajasthan will become a leader in Crude extraction in Country. Bombay High leads with a production of 250,000 barrels crude per day. Once the limit if 300,000 barrels per day is reached, the overall production of the country will increase by 15 percent. Cairn India is doing the work of exploration and extraction of crude oil in Rajasthan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Renewable energy commercialization", "paragraph_text": "EU member countries have shown support for ambitious renewable energy goals. In 2010, Eurobarometer polled the twenty-seven EU member states about the target \"to increase the share of renewable energy in the EU by 20 percent by 2020\". Most people in all twenty-seven countries either approved of the target or called for it to go further. Across the EU, 57 percent thought the proposed goal was \"about right\" and 16 percent thought it was \"too modest.\" In comparison, 19 percent said it was \"too ambitious\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Macintosh", "paragraph_text": "Statistics from late 2003 indicate that Apple had 2.06 percent of the desktop share in the United States that had increased to 2.88 percent by Q4 2004. As of October 2006, research firms IDC and Gartner reported that Apple's market share in the U.S. had increased to about 6 percent. Figures from December 2006, showing a market share around 6 percent (IDC) and 6.1 percent (Gartner) are based on a more than 30 percent increase in unit sale from 2005 to 2006. The installed base of Mac computers is hard to determine, with numbers ranging from 5% (estimated in 2009) to 16% (estimated in 2005).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Singaporenalli Raja Kulla", "paragraph_text": "It was the first Kannada film to be shot outside India in a country which is not an Indian neighbour and the second Kannada movie to be shot outside India after \"Operation Diamond Racket\" which was shot in Nepal and released four months before this movie. However, this movie is widely credited for starting the trend of Kannada movies shooting outside India.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 106950, "question": "What is the country Isostar is from?", "answer": "Switzerland", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 8206, "question": "What percent were born outside of #1 ?", "answer": "21.6%", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Boulder Peak", "paragraph_text": "Boulder Peak () is located in the Livingston Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. The remnant Boulder Glacier is situated on the northern slopes of the mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Emory Creek Provincial Park", "paragraph_text": "Emory Creek Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on the west side of the Fraser River just south of the town of Yale. It commemorates the location of a large boomtown, variously known as Emory, Emory Bar or Emory City, that first rose during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush but became a major construction town during the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Grand Forks, Yukon", "paragraph_text": "Grand Forks is a ghost town and former community at the confluence of Bonanza Creek and Eldorado Creek in Yukon. First settled about 1896, it became the second-largest settlement in the Klondike. With approximately 10,000 people lived in or by Grand Forks during the Klondike Gold Rush, it was the only community besides Dawson City to have a municipal government. The Grand Forks Hotel was a roadhouse here during the gold rush.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Dimkov Glacier", "paragraph_text": "Dimkov Glacier (, ‘Dimkov Lednik’ \\'dim-kov 'led-nik\\) is a 6 km long and 4.3 km wide glacier draining the western slopes of Solvay Mountains on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It is situated southwest of Rush Glacier and west of Jenner Glacier, and flows southwestwards between Kondolov Peak and Sheynovo Peak to enter Duperré Bay south of Humann Point.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "California", "paragraph_text": "What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries. The Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its successful war for independence but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican -- American War. The western portion of Alta California then was organized and admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850. The California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large - scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tana Glacier", "paragraph_text": "Tana Glacier is a 17-mile-long (27 km) glacier in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins at Bagley Icefield and flows northwest to its 1950 terminus near the head of the Tana River. Its name, of Alaska Native origin, was first recorded by prospectors in 1900.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "California Gold Rush", "paragraph_text": "The California Gold Rush (1848 -- 1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of immigration and gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and California became one of the few American states to go directly to statehood without first being a territory, in the Compromise of 1850. The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. By the time it ended, California had gone from a thinly populated ex-Mexican territory to the home state of the first nominee for the Republican Party.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Soulsbyville, California", "paragraph_text": "Soulsbyville is an unincorporated census-designated place in Tuolumne County, California, United States. The population was 2,215 at the 2010 census, up from 1,729 at the 2000 census. Formerly a California Gold Rush town, Soulsbyville is now registered as a California Historical Landmark.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Maitland, South Dakota", "paragraph_text": "Maitland, originally called Garden City and sometimes misspelled Midland, is a ghost town in Lawrence County, South Dakota, United States. It was a mining community that boomed during the Black Hills Gold Rush, but was abandoned by about 1915.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "List of films shot in Sonora, California", "paragraph_text": "A list of films and television series shot in or near the city of Sonora, a historic Gold Rush mining town in the Sierra Nevada foothills and Tuolumne County, California.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Apple Dumpling Gang", "paragraph_text": "The Apple Dumpling Gang is a 1971 novel by Jack Bickham, about a group of orphaned children during the California gold rush. They encounter a gambler who reluctantly helps them, as well as a pair of hapless robbers who are after the gold the children have found.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Colombia, Cuba", "paragraph_text": "Colombia is a municipality and town in the Las Tunas Province of Cuba. It is located in the western part of the province, south of Guáimaro. Río Tana flows through the community.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "California Gold Rush", "paragraph_text": "The California Gold Rush (1848 -- 1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought approximately 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of immigration and gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and California became one of the few American states to go directly to statehood without first being a territory, in the Compromise of 1850. The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. By the time it ended, California had gone from a thinly populated ex-Mexican territory, to the home state of the first presidential nominee for the new Republican Party, in 1856.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Goldstream River (Vancouver Island)", "paragraph_text": "The Goldstream River (Saanich: sʔə́ləq̕ʷtəɬ) is a river northwest of Victoria on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada . The river's name derives from a small gold rush in its basin during the 1860s, and was originally Gold Stream.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ishaqbini Hirola Conservancy", "paragraph_text": "The Ishaqbini Hirola Conservancy is a community-based conservation area located in Garissa County, Kenya. The conservancy covers approximately 72 km. It is located along the eastern bank of the Tana River, and borders the former Tana River Primate Reserve (1976−2007).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Australian gold rushes", "paragraph_text": "The first gold rush in Australia began in May 1851 after prospector Edward Hargraves claimed to have discovered payable gold near Orange, at a site he called Ophir. Hargraves had been to the Californian goldfields and had learned new gold prospecting techniques such as panning and cradling. Hargraves was offered rewards by the Colony of New South Wales and the Colony of Victoria. Before the end of the year, the gold rush had spread to many other parts of the state where gold had been found, not just to the west, but also to the south and north of Sydney.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Mount Phillips (Montana)", "paragraph_text": "Mount Phillips () is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Lupfer Glacier is located on the east slope of Mount Phillips.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Buddhism in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Buddhism was introduced into the USA by Asian immigrants in the 19th century, when significant numbers of immigrants from East Asia began to arrive in the New World. In the United States, immigrants from China entered around 1820, but began to arrive in large numbers following the 1849 California Gold Rush.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Miner's Curse", "paragraph_text": "The Miner's Curse, or the Bush Wedding is a 1911 Australian silent film directed by Alfred Rolfe set during the Australian Gold Rush.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Sarvant Glacier", "paragraph_text": "The Sarvant Glacier is a glacier located on the northern slopes of the Cowlitz Chimneys in the state of Washington. Named for Henry M. Sarvant, who mapped Mount Rainier in 1894, the glacier starts at an elevation of about and descends northward down to . There are several patches of permanent ice and snow that lie to the east and west of the glacier. These range in elevation from about to . The patches of ice and snow to the west are labeled Sarvant Glaciers.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131044, "question": "What state is Tana Glacier located?", "answer": "Alaska", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 46354, "question": "when did the gold rush start in #1", "answer": "the summer of 1899", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "President of India", "paragraph_text": "Although the Article 53 of the Constitution of India states that the president can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority, with few exceptions, all of the executive powers vested in the president are, in practice, exercised by the prime minister (a subordinate authority) with the help of the Council of Ministers. The president is bound by the constitution to act on the advice of the prime minister and cabinet as long as the advice is not violating the constitution.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Impeachment", "paragraph_text": "Similar to the British system, Article One of the United States Constitution gives the House of Representatives the sole power of impeachment and the Senate the sole power to try impeachments of officers of the U.S. national government. (Various state constitutions include similar measures, allowing the state legislature to impeach the governor or other officials of the state government.) In contrast to the British system, in the United States impeachment is only the first of two stages, and conviction during the second stage requires a two - thirds majority vote. Impeachment does not necessarily result in removal from office; it is only a legal statement of charges, parallel to an indictment in criminal law. An official who is impeached faces a second legislative vote (whether by the same body or another), which determines conviction, or failure to convict, on the charges embodied by the impeachment. Most constitutions require a supermajority to convict. Although the subject of the charge is criminal action, it does not constitute a criminal trial; the only question under consideration is the removal of the individual from office, and the possibility of a subsequent vote preventing the removed official from ever again holding political office in the jurisdiction where he or she was removed. Impeachment with respect to political office should not be confused with witness impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "President of the Senate", "paragraph_text": "The Vice President of the United States is assigned the responsibility of presiding over the Senate and designated as its president by the United States Constitution. The vice president, as President of the Senate, has the authority (ex officio, for he or she is not an elected member of the Senate) to cast a tie - breaking vote. Other than this, the rules of the Senate grant its president very little power (in contrast to the powerful office of Speaker of the House of Representatives).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "President of Mexico", "paragraph_text": "Currently, the office of the President is considered to be revolutionary, in that the powers of office are derived from the Revolutionary Constitution of 1917. Another legacy of the Revolution is its ban on re-election. Mexican presidents are limited to a single six - year term, called a sexenio. No one who has held the post, even on a caretaker basis, is allowed to run or serve again. The constitution and the office of the President closely follow the presidential system of government.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Impeachment in the United States is an enumerated power of the legislature that allows formal charges to be brought against a civil officer of government for crimes alleged to have been committed. Most impeachments have concerned alleged crimes committed while in office, though there have been a few cases in which Congress has impeached and convicted officials partly for prior crimes. The actual trial on such charges, and subsequent removal of an official upon conviction, is separate from the act of impeachment itself. Impeachment proceedings have been initiated against several presidents of the United States. Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton are the only two presidents to have been successfully impeached by the House of Representatives, and both were later acquitted by the Senate. The impeachment process against Richard Nixon was never completed, as Nixon resigned his office before the vote of the full House for impeachment, but such a vote was widely expected to pass, and the threat of it and a subsequent conviction in the Senate was the impetus for Nixon's departure. To date, no president has been removed from office by impeachment and conviction. The impeached official continues in office until conviction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Impeachment in the United States is an enumerated power of the legislature that allows formal charges to be brought against a civil officer of government for crimes alleged to have been committed. Most impeachments have concerned alleged crimes committed while in office, though there have been a few cases in which Congress has impeached and convicted officials partly for prior crimes. The actual trial on such charges, and subsequent removal of an official upon conviction, is separate from the act of impeachment itself. Impeachment proceedings have been initiated against several presidents of the United States. Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton are the only two presidents to have been successfully impeached by the House of Representatives, and both were later acquitted by the Senate. The impeachment process against Richard Nixon was never completed, as Nixon resigned his office before the vote of the full House for impeachment, but such a vote was widely expected to pass, and the threat of it and a subsequent conviction in the Senate was the impetus for Nixon's departure. To date, no U.S. President has been removed from office by impeachment and conviction. The impeached official continues in office until conviction.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "Throughout America's history dominance of one of the three branches has essentially been a see-saw struggle between Congress and the president. Both have had periods of great power and weakness such as immediately after the Civil War when republicans had a majority in Congress and were able to pass major legislation and shoot down most of the president's vetoes. They also passed acts to essentially make the president subordinate to Congress, such as the Tenure of Office Act. Johnson's later impeachment also cost the presidency much political power. However the president has also exercised greater power largely during the 20th century. Both Roosevelts greatly expanded the powers of the president and wielded great power during their terms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "At the federal level, Article Two of the United States Constitution states in Section 4 that ``The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors. ''The House of Representatives has the sole power of impeaching, while the United States Senate has the sole power to try all impeachments. The removal of impeached officials is automatic upon conviction in the Senate. In Nixon v. United States (1993), the Supreme Court determined that the federal judiciary can not review such proceedings.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Constitution of Texas", "paragraph_text": "Article 15 describes the process of impeachment and lists grounds on which to impeach judges. The House of Representatives is granted the power of impeachment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Government of India", "paragraph_text": "The executive power is vested mainly in the President of India, as per Article 53 (1) of the constitution. The president has all constitutional powers and exercises them directly or through officers subordinate to him as per the aforesaid Article 53 (1). The president is to act in accordance with aid and advice tendered by the prime minister, who leads the council of ministers as described in Article 74 of the Constitution of India.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Separation of powers under the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "Executive power is vested, with exceptions and qualifications, in the President. By law (Section 2.) the president becomes the Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy, Militia of several states when called into service, has power to make treaties and appointments to office \"with the Advice and Consent of the Senate,\" receive Ambassadors and Public Ministers, and \"take care that the laws be faithfully executed\" (Section 3.) By using these words, the Constitution does not require the president to personally enforce the law; rather, officers subordinate to the president may perform such duties. The Constitution empowers the president to ensure the faithful execution of the laws made by Congress and approved by the President. Congress may itself terminate such appointments, by impeachment, and restrict the president. Bodies such as the War Claims Commission, the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Federal Trade Commission—all quasi-judicial—often have direct Congressional oversight.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Impeachment proceedings may be commenced by a member of the House of Representatives on her or his own initiative, either by presenting a list of the charges under oath or by asking for referral to the appropriate committee. The impeachment process may be initiated by non-members. For example, when the Judicial Conference of the United States suggests a federal judge be impeached, a charge of actions constituting grounds for impeachment may come from a special prosecutor, the President, or state or territorial legislature, grand jury, or by petition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Greece", "paragraph_text": "According to the Constitution, executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government. From the Constitutional amendment of 1986 the President's duties were curtailed to a significant extent, and they are now largely ceremonial; most political power thus lies in the hands of the Prime Minister. The position of Prime Minister, Greece's head of government, belongs to the current leader of the political party that can obtain a vote of confidence by the Parliament. The President of the Republic formally appoints the Prime Minister and, on his recommendation, appoints and dismisses the other members of the Cabinet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Constitution of Pakistan", "paragraph_text": "The 1973 constitution was the first in Pakistan to be framed by elected representatives. Unlike the 1962 constitution it gave Pakistan a parliamentary democracy with executive power concentrated in the office of the prime minister, and the formal head of state -- the president -- limited to acting on the advice of the prime minister.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "State legislatures can impeach state officials, including governors. The court for the trial of impeachments may differ somewhat from the federal model -- in New York, for instance, the Assembly (lower house) impeaches, and the State Senate tries the case, but the members of the seven - judge New York State Court of Appeals (the state's highest, constitutional court) sit with the senators as jurors as well. Impeachment and removal of governors has happened occasionally throughout the history of the United States, usually for corruption charges. A total of at least eleven U.S. state governors have faced an impeachment trial; a twelfth, Governor Lee Cruce of Oklahoma, escaped impeachment conviction by a single vote in 1912. Several others, most recently Connecticut's John G. Rowland, have resigned rather than face impeachment, when events seemed to make it inevitable. The most recent impeachment of a state governor occurred on January 14, 2009, when the Illinois House of Representatives voted 117 - 1 to impeach Rod Blagojevich on corruption charges; he was subsequently removed from office and barred from holding future office by the Illinois Senate on January 29. He was the eighth U.S. state governor to be removed from office.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "United States House of Representatives", "paragraph_text": "The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they compose the legislature of the United States.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 16, "title": "My House (Flo Rida song)", "paragraph_text": "``My House ''is a song by American recording artist Flo Rida from his 2015 EP of the same name. The song was released as the album's third official single on October 13, 2015 in the US. The song contains a sample from`` Impeach the President'' by The Honey Drippers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Impeachment in the United States", "paragraph_text": "At the federal level, Article I, Section 2, Clause 5 of the Constitution grants to the House of Representatives ``the sole power of impeachment '', and Article I, Section 3, Clause 6 grants to the Senate`` the sole Power to try all Impeachments''. In considering articles of impeachment, the House is obligated to base any charges on the constitutional standards specified in Article II, Section 4: ``The President, Vice President, and all civil Officers of the United States shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors ''. (Full text of clauses)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Pardon", "paragraph_text": "In the United States, the pardon power for federal crimes is granted to the President of the United States under Article II, Section 2 of the United States Constitution which states that the President ``shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment ''. The U.S. Supreme Court has interpreted this language to include the power to grant pardons, conditional pardons, commutations of sentence, conditional commutations of sentence, remissions of fines and forfeitures, respites, and amnesties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Impeachment of Bill Clinton", "paragraph_text": "Leading to the impeachment, Independent Counsel Ken Starr turned over documentation to the House Judiciary Committee. Chief Prosecutor David Schippers and his team reviewed the material and determined there was sufficient evidence to impeach the president. As a result, four charges were considered by the full House of Representatives; two passed, making Clinton the second president to be impeached, after Andrew Johnson in 1868, and only the third against whom articles of impeachment had been brought before the full House for consideration (Richard Nixon resigned from the presidency in 1974, while an impeachment process against him was underway).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 83144, "question": "who has the power to impeach the president constitution", "answer": "House of Representatives", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 52251, "question": "what is another name for #1", "answer": "the lower chamber of the United States Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": 15 } ]

[ "Legislature of the United States", "Congress", "United States Congress" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Great Berlin Wheel", "paragraph_text": "The Great Berlin Wheel was a giant Ferris wheel to be built near the Berlin Zoological Garden (Zoologischer Garten Berlin) in Berlin, Germany, by the Great Wheel Corporation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "2010 World Junior Championships in Athletics", "paragraph_text": "The 13th World Junior Championships in Athletics was an international athletics competition for athletes under the age of 20 which was held at the Moncton Stadium in Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada from 19–25 July 2010. A total of 44 athletics events were contested at the Championships, 22 by male and 22 by female athletes. It was the second time that the event took place in Canada, after the 1988 edition in Sudbury. This became the last event announced by Scott Davis.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Foote Field", "paragraph_text": "Foote Field is a multi-purpose sports facility on the University of Alberta campus in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, built as a legacy facility for the 2001 World Championships in Athletics. It was named for University of Alberta alumnus, former varsity track athlete, and philanthropist Eldon Foote, who donated $2 million toward the construction costs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Diamond and Flower Ferris Wheel", "paragraph_text": "When completed in 2001, it was the world's second tallest Ferris wheel. It was also the tallest Ferris wheel ever built in Japan, but was surpassed the following year by the Sky Dream Fukuoka. However, the Fukuoka wheel closed in September 2009, and the Kasai Rinkai Park wheel once again became Japan's tallest operational Ferris wheel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2007 World Championships in Athletics – Men's 200 metres", "paragraph_text": "These are the official results of the men's 200 metres event at the 2007 IAAF World Championships in Osaka, Japan. There were a total number of 49 participating athletes, with six qualifying heats and the final held on Thursday August 30. This event is notable for being one of the two solo World Championship events in which Usain Bolt has been beaten as of July 2017, the other event being men's 200 metres in 2005 World Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics was the 14th edition of the global-level indoor track and field competition and was held between March 9–11, 2012 at the Ataköy Athletics Arena in Istanbul, Turkey. It was the first of four IAAF World Athletics Series events in 2012, which includes the World Race Walking Cup, the World Junior Championships and the World Half Marathon Championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2009 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships was held in Birmingham, United Kingdom on 11 October 2009. It was the final event of the International Association of Athletics Federations' 2009 World Athletics Series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "1995 IAAF World Indoor Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 5th IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics were held at the Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 10 March to 12 March 1995. Almost 600 athletes from 131 nations participated in 27 events.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "World's Columbian Exposition", "paragraph_text": "It included carnival rides, among them the original Ferris Wheel, built by George Washington Gale Ferris Jr... This wheel was 264 feet (80 m) high and had 36 cars, each of which could accommodate 40 people. The importance of the Columbian Exposition is highlighted by the use of rueda de Chicago (``Chicago wheel '') in many Latin American countries such as Costa Rica and Chile in reference to the Ferris wheel. One attendee, George C. Tilyou, later credited the sights he saw on the Chicago midway for inspiring him to create America's first major amusement park, Steeplechase Park in Coney Island, New York.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "London Eye", "paragraph_text": "London Eye London Eye Alternative names Millennium Wheel General information Status Complete Type Ferris wheel Location Lambeth, London Address Riverside Building, County Hall, Westminster Bridge Road Country United Kingdom Coordinates 51 ° 30 ′ 12 ''N 0 ° 07 ′ 10'' W  /  51.5033 ° N 0.1194 ° W  / 51.5033; - 0.1194 Coordinates: 51 ° 30 ′ 12 ''N 0 ° 07 ′ 10'' W  /  51.5033 ° N 0.1194 ° W  / 51.5033; - 0.1194 Completed March 2000 Opened 31 December 1999 (ceremonial, without passengers) 1 February 2000 (first passengers carried) 9 March 2000 (opened to general public) Cost £70 million Owner Merlin Entertainments Height 135 metres (443 ft) Diameter 120 metres (394 ft) Design and construction Architect Frank Anatole Nic Bailey Julia Barfield Steve Chilton Malcolm Cook David Marks Mark Sparrowhawk Architecture firm Marks Barfield Structural engineer Arup Other designers Babtie Allott & Lomax (checking engineer) Tony Gee (foundations) Awards and prizes Institution of Structural Engineers Special Award 2001 Website www.londoneye.com", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Timeline of United States inventions (1890–1945)", "paragraph_text": "A Ferris wheel is a non-building structure, consisting of an upright wheel with passenger gondolas attached to the rim. Opened on June 21, 1893 at the Chicago World's Fair, the original Ferris Wheel was invented two years earlier by the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania bridge - builder George Washington Gale Ferris Jr. in 1891.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "1966 European Athletics Championships – Women's long jump", "paragraph_text": "The women's long jump at the 1966 European Athletics Championships was held in Budapest, Hungary, at Népstadion on 2 and 3 September 1966.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2017 World Championships in Athletics", "paragraph_text": "The 2017 IAAF World Championships was the 16th edition of the global athletics competition organised by the International Association of Athletics Federations and was held in London from 4 to 13 August 2017. London was officially awarded the championships on 11 November 2011.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "1966 European Athletics Championships – Men's 50 kilometres walk", "paragraph_text": "The men's 50 kilometres race walk at the 1966 European Athletics Championships was held in Budapest, Hungary, on 3 September 1966.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Belgium", "paragraph_text": "The Spa-Francorchamps motor-racing circuit hosts the Formula One World Championship Belgian Grand Prix. The Belgian driver, Jacky Ickx, won eight Grands Prix and six 24 Hours of Le Mans and finished twice as runner-up in the Formula One World Championship. Belgium also has a strong reputation in, motocross with the rider Stefan Everts. Sporting events annually held in Belgium include the Memorial Van Damme athletics competition, the Belgian Grand Prix Formula One, and a number of classic cycle races such as the Tour of Flanders and Liège–Bastogne–Liège. The 1920 Summer Olympics were held in Antwerp. The 1977 European Basketball Championship was held in Liège and Ostend.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Anzhela Balakhonova", "paragraph_text": "Anzhela Anatoliyivna Balakhonova (, born December 18, 1972) is a retired female pole vaulter from Ukraine who won the silver medal at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics. She held the European record, and formerly held the world indoor record. She finished 6th at the 2004 Summer Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Kati Luoto", "paragraph_text": "Kati Luoto is a Finnish strength athlete who is foremost known as the winner of the United Strongmen Women's World Championships held in 2013 and seven times Finland's Strongest Woman.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "1966 European Athletics Championships – Women's javelin throw", "paragraph_text": "The women's javelin throw at the 1966 European Athletics Championships was held in Budapest, Hungary, at Népstadion on 2 and 3 September 1966.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "1979 World Taekwondo Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1979 World Taekwondo Championships are the 4th edition of the World Taekwondo Championships, and were held in Sindelfingen, Stuttgart, West Germany from October 26 to October 28, 1979. A total of 453 athletes and officials from 38 nations took part in the championships.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1987 World Championships in Athletics", "paragraph_text": "The 2nd World Championships in Athletics under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations were held in the Stadio Olimpico in Rome, Italy between August 28 and September 6, 1987.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 68615, "question": "where are the world athletic championships being held", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 75255, "question": "when was the ferris wheel in #1 built", "answer": "March 2000", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

[ "2000" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Browns Valley, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 690 people, 285 households, and 171 families residing in the city. The population density was 878.5 people per square mile (337.2/km²). There were 317 housing units at an average density of 403.6 per square mile (154.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 82.61% White, 15.80% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 0.14% from other races, and 0.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.74% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Bowling Green, Missouri", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 3,260 people, 1,290 households, and 798 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,677.0 people per square mile (648.8/km²). There were 1,420 housing units at an average density of 730.5 per square mile (282.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.64% White, 7.67% African American, 0.12% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.21% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Gambia", "paragraph_text": "The Gambia is less than 50 kilometres (31 miles) wide at its widest point, with a total area of 11,295 km2 (4,361 sq mi). About 1,300 square kilometres (500 square miles) (11.5%) of The Gambia's area are covered by water. It is the smallest country on the African mainland. In comparative terms, The Gambia has a total area slightly less than that of the island of Jamaica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mossyrock, Washington", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 486 people, 187 households, and 115 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,112.5 people per square mile (426.5/km²). There were 215 housing units at an average density of 492.2 per square mile (188.7/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 90.3% White, 0.2% African American, 1.9% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 3.5% from other races, and 3.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.8% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Washington County, Wisconsin", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 436 square miles (1,130 km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120 km2) is land and 5.0 square miles (13 km2) (1.2%) is water. It is the fifth-smallest county in Wisconsin by total area.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Paris (French pronunciation: ​ (paʁi) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative - limits area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles) and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015). The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the 12,012 - square - kilometre (4,638 - square - mile) Île - de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts. The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France. According to official estimates, in 2013 - 14 the Paris Region had the third - highest GDP in the world and the largest regional GDP in the EU.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Gonzales County, Texas", "paragraph_text": "According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,070 square miles (2,800 km2), of which 1,067 square miles (2,760 km2) is land and 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2) (0.3%) is water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rankin County, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 115,327 people, 42,089 households, and 31,145 families residing in the county. The population density was 149 people per square mile (57/km²). There were 45,070 housing units at an average density of 58 per square mile (22/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 81.03% White, 17.12% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.66% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.41% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 1.32% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mexican–American War", "paragraph_text": "Before the secession of Texas, Mexico comprised almost 1,700,000 sq mi (4,400,000 km), but by 1849 it was just under 800,000 square miles (2,100,000 km). Another 30,000 square miles (78,000 km) were sold to the U.S. in the Gadsden Purchase of 1853, so the total reduction of Mexican territory was more than 55%, or 900,000 square miles (2,300,000 km).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hinsdale County, Colorado", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 790 people, 359 households, and 246 families residing in the county. The population density was 0.7 people per square mile (0.3/km²). There were 1,304 housing units at an average density of 1.2 per square mile (0.5/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.34% White, 1.52% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.38% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. 1.52% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Le Château Apartments", "paragraph_text": "Le Château Apartments is an apartment building in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 1321 Sherbrooke Street West in the Golden Square Mile neighbourhood of Downtown Montreal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Jim Wells County, Texas", "paragraph_text": "At the 2000 census, there were 39,326 people, 12,961 households and 10,096 families residing in the county. The population density was 46 per square mile (18/km²). There were 14,819 housing units at an average density of 17 per square mile (7/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 77.90% White, 0.60% Black or African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.43% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 17.93% from other races, and 2.43% from two or more races. 75.71% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Elbridge Robinson", "paragraph_text": "Elbridge Robinson (January 7, 1844 – January 19, 1918) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Second Battle of Winchester, Virginia on June 14, 1863.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Altoona, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 10,345 people, 3,850 households, and 2,895 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,835.4 people per square mile (708.2/km²). There were 3,959 housing units at an average density of 557.3 per square mile (215.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 97.11% White, 0.92% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.41% Pacific Islander, 0.77% from other races, and 1.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.65% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Falkland Islands", "paragraph_text": "The Falkland Islands (; Spanish: Islas Malvinas, pronounced [ˈislas malˈβinas]) is an archipelago in the South Atlantic Ocean on the Patagonian Shelf. The principal islands are about 300 miles (483 kilometres) east of South America's southern Patagonian coast, and about 752 miles (1,210 kilometres) from the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, at a latitude of about 52°S. The archipelago, with an area of 4,700 square miles (12,000 square kilometres), comprises East Falkland, West Falkland and 776 smaller islands. As a British overseas territory, the Falklands have internal self-governance, and the United Kingdom takes responsibility for their defence and foreign affairs. The Falkland Islands' capital is Stanley on East Falkland.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Lonsdale, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2010, there were 3,674 people, 1,277 households, and 976 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,345.8 inhabitants per square mile (519.6/km2). There were 1,370 housing units at an average density of 501.8 per square mile (193.7/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.5% White, 0.4% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.3% Pacific Islander, 0.3% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Elbridge Gerry (Maine)", "paragraph_text": "Elbridge Gerry (December 6, 1813 – April 10, 1886) was an American lawyer, who served as a U.S. Congressman from Maine from 1849 to 1851.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "United States Virgin Islands", "paragraph_text": "The U.S. Virgin Islands consist of the main islands of Saint Croix, Saint John, and Saint Thomas, and many other surrounding minor islands. The total land area of the territory is 133.73 square miles (346.36 km). The territory's capital is Charlotte Amalie on the island of Saint Thomas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Richmond, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "As of the census of 2000, there were 197,790 people, 84,549 households, and 43,627 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,292.6 people per square mile (1,271.3/km²). There were 92,282 housing units at an average density of 1,536.2 per square mile (593.1/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 38.3% White, 57.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 1.5% from other races, and 1.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.6% of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Acre", "paragraph_text": "The acre is a unit of land area used in the imperial and US customary systems. It is defined as the area of 1 chain by 1 furlong (66 by 660 feet), which is exactly equal to ​ ⁄ of a square mile, 43,560 square feet, approximately 4,047 m, or about 40% of a hectare.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 37605, "question": "What was Elbridge Gerry's constituency?", "answer": "Massachusetts", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 56516, "question": "how many square miles is the state of #1", "answer": "10,565", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Elizabeth II", "paragraph_text": "The 1960s and 1970s saw an acceleration in the decolonisation of Africa and the Caribbean. Over 20 countries gained independence from Britain as part of a planned transition to self-government. In 1965, however, the Rhodesian Prime Minister, Ian Smith, in opposition to moves toward majority rule, declared unilateral independence from Britain while still expressing \"loyalty and devotion\" to Elizabeth. Although the Queen dismissed him in a formal declaration, and the international community applied sanctions against Rhodesia, his regime survived for over a decade. As Britain's ties to its former empire weakened, the British government sought entry to the European Community, a goal it achieved in 1973.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "List of Attack on Titan characters", "paragraph_text": "Ymir Fritz (ユミル・フリッツ, Yumiru Furittsu) A mythical figure tied to the origins of the Titans who lived around 1,800 years ago, mentioned only in fairy tales. In the stories, Ymir became the first Founding Titan (始祖の巨人, Shiso no Kyojin) when she made a deal with the devil and used her gained power to protect her people from the Marley government. In time, the deceased Ymir's power was divided into nine of her Subjects whose families used the Nine Titans to establish Eldia as an empire for centuries until the reign of Karl Fritz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "History of the Philippines", "paragraph_text": "The first recorded visit by Europeans is the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan. He sighted Samar Island on March 16, 1521 and landed the next day on Homonhon Island, now part of Guiuan, Eastern Samar. Spanish colonization began with the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi's expedition on February 13, 1565 from Mexico. He established the first permanent settlement in Cebu. Much of the archipelago came under Spanish rule, creating the first unified political structure known as the Philippines. Spanish colonial rule saw the introduction of Christianity, the code of law and the oldest modern university in Asia. The Philippines was ruled under the Mexico - based Viceroyalty of New Spain until Mexican independence. After which, the colony was directly governed by Spain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Nigerian nationalism", "paragraph_text": "Nigerian nationalism asserts that Nigerians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Nigerians. Nigerian nationalism is a territorial nationalism, emphasizing a cultural connection of the people to the land -- in particular the Niger and Benue rivers. It first emerged in the 1920s under the influence of Herbert Macaulay who is considered the founder of Nigerian nationalism. It was founded because of the belief in the necessity for the people living in the British colony of Nigeria of multiple backgrounds to unite as one people in order to be able to resist colonialism. The people of Nigeria came together as they recognized the discrepancies of British policy. ``The problem of ethnic nationalism in Nigeria came with the advent of colonialism. This happened when disparate, autonomous, heterogeneous and sub - national groups were merged together to form a nation. Again, the colonialists created structural imbalances within the nation in terms of socio - economic projects, social development and establishment of administrative centres. This imbalance deepened the antipathies between the various ethnic nationalities in Nigeria (Nnoli, 1980; Y oung, 1993 and Aluko, 1998). ''The Nigerian nationalists' goal of achieving an independent sovereign state of Nigeria was achieved in 1960 when Nigeria declared its independence and British colonial rule ended. Nigeria's government has sought to unify the various peoples and regions of Nigeria since the country's independence in 1960.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "1959 International Cross Country Championships", "paragraph_text": "The 1959 International Cross Country Championships was held in Lisbon, Portugal, at the National Stadium on March 21, 1959. Morocco entered a team for the first time after gaining independence. A report on the event was given in the Glasgow Herald.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On 6 March 1957, Ghana (formerly the Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Decolonisation of Africa", "paragraph_text": "On May 6, 1957, Ghana (formerly Gold Coast) became the first sub-Saharan African country to gain its independence from European colonization in the twentieth century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Dominican War of Independence", "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, then known as the Republic of Spanish Haiti, was invaded by Haiti in 1822. Previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, the criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "History of South America", "paragraph_text": "The Spanish colonies won their independence in the first quarter of the 19th century, in the Spanish American wars of independence. Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia, Peru, Bolivia), José de San Martín (United Provinces of the River Plate, Chile, and Peru), and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile) led their independence struggle. Although Bolivar attempted to keep the Spanish - speaking parts of the continent politically unified, they rapidly became independent of one another.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Separation of Panama from Colombia", "paragraph_text": "The separation of Panama from Colombia was formalized on 3 November 1903, with the establishment of the Republic of Panama. From the Independence of Panama from Spain in 1821, Panama had simultaneously declared independence from Spain and joined itself to the confederation of Gran Colombia through the Independence Act of Panama. Panama was always tenuously connected to the rest of the country to the south, owing to its remoteness from the government in Bogotá and lack of a practical overland connection to the rest of Gran Colombia. In 1840 - 1841, a short - lived independent republic was established under Tomás de Herrera. After rejoining Colombia following a 13 - month independence, it remained a province which saw frequent rebellious flare - ups, notably the Panama crisis of 1885, which saw the intervention of the United States Navy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Republic of the Congo", "paragraph_text": "The region was dominated by Bantu-speaking tribes at least 3,000 years ago, who built trade links leading into the Congo River basin. Congo was formerly part of the French colony of Equatorial Africa. The Republic of the Congo was established on the 28th of November 1958 but gained independence from France in 1960. The sovereign state has had multi-party elections since 1992, although a democratically elected government was ousted in the 1997 Republic of the Congo Civil War, and President Denis Sassou Nguesso, who first came to power in 1979, has ruled for 35 of the past 40 years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Iran–Pakistan relations", "paragraph_text": "After Pakistan gained its independence in August 1947, Iran was the first country to recognize its sovereign status. Pakistan's relations with Iran grew strained at times due to sectarian tensions, as Pakistani Shias claimed that they were being discriminated against under the Pakistani government's Islamisation programme.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dominican War of Independence", "paragraph_text": "The Dominican Independence War gave the Dominican Republic autonomy from Haiti on February 27, 1844. Before the war, the island of Hispaniola had been united under the Haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, previously known as the Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, was unified with Haiti in 1822. The criollo class within the country overthrew the Spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with Haiti a year later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Prime Minister of Dominica", "paragraph_text": "The Prime Minister of Dominica is the head of government in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Nominally, the position was created on November 3, 1978 when Dominica gained independence from the United Kingdom. Hitherto, the position existed de facto as Premier.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Division of Korea", "paragraph_text": "With the onset of the Cold War, negotiations between the United States and the Soviet Union failed to lead to an independent, unified Korea. In 1948, UN-supervised elections were held in the US - occupied south only. This led to the establishment of the Republic of Korea in South Korea, which was promptly followed by the establishment of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in North Korea. The United States supported the South, the Soviet Union supported the North, and each government claimed sovereignty over the whole Korean peninsula.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Canadian Armed Forces", "paragraph_text": "The current iteration of the Canadian Armed Forces dates from 1 February 1968, when the Royal Canadian Navy, Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force were merged into a unified structure and superseded by elemental commands. Its roots, however, lie in colonial militia groups that served alongside garrisons of the French and British armies and navies; a structure that remained in place until the early 20th century. Thereafter, a distinctly Canadian army and navy was established, followed by an air force, that, because of the constitutional arrangements at the time, remained effectively under the control of the British government until Canada gained legislative independence from the United Kingdom in 1931, in part due to the distinguished achievement and sacrifice of the Canadian Corps in the First World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "History of Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Patrick is traditionally credited with preserving and codifying Irish laws and changing only those that conflicted with Christian practices. He is credited with introducing the Roman alphabet, which enabled Irish monks to preserve parts of the extensive oral literature. The historicity of these claims remains the subject of debate and there is no direct evidence linking Patrick with any of these accomplishments. The myth of Patrick, as scholars refer to it, was developed in the centuries after his death.Irish scholars excelled in the study of Latin learning and Christian theology in the monasteries that flourished shortly thereafter. Missionaries from Ireland to England and Continental Europe spread news of the flowering of learning, and scholars from other nations came to Irish monasteries. The excellence and isolation of these monasteries helped preserve Latin learning during the Early Middle Ages. The period of Insular art, mainly in the fields of illuminated manuscripts, metalworking, and sculpture flourished and produced such treasures as the Book of Kells, the Ardagh Chalice, and the many carved stone crosses that dot the island. Insular style was to be a crucial ingredient in the formation of the Romanesque and Gothic styles throughout Western Europe. Sites dating to this period include clochans, ringforts and promontory forts.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Johan Ferrier", "paragraph_text": "Johan Henri Eliza Ferrier (12 May 1910 – 4 January 2010) was a Surinamese politician who served as the 1st President of Suriname from 25 November 1975 to 13 August 1980. He was that country's last governor before independence, from 1968 to 1975, and first president after it gained independence from the Netherlands.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Ignacio López Rayón", "paragraph_text": "Ignacio López Rayón (July 31, 1773 in Tlalpujahua, Intendancy of Valladolid (present-day Michoacán), New Spain – February 2, 1832 in Mexico City) was a general who led the insurgent forces of his country after Miguel Hidalgo's death, during the first years of the Mexican War of Independence. He subsequently established the first government, Zitacuaro Council, and first constitution, Constitutional Elements, of the proposed independent nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dominican Republic–Haiti relations", "paragraph_text": "In the Dominican War of Independence Dominicans fought against the Haitian occupation. On February 27, 1844 the Dominicans, led by Juan Pablo Duarte along with Francisco del Rosario Sánchez and Matías Ramón Mella, gained freedom from Haitian rule, thus giving birth to the Dominican Republic, a self - sufficient nation established on the liberal ideals of a democratic government.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 157772, "question": "What is the first country mentioned?", "answer": "Ireland", "paragraph_support_idx": 16 }, { "id": 44126, "question": "when did #1 gain independence and establish a unified government", "answer": "1922", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "New Hope, Minnesota", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $46,795, and the median income for a family was $60,424. Males had a median income of $41,192 versus $29,454 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,562. About 4.1% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "WKOA", "paragraph_text": "WKOA (105.3 FM), known as \"K 105\", is a radio station licensed to the city of Lafayette, Indiana. The station operates on the FM radio frequency of 105.3 MHz, FM channel 287. The studios are located at 3575 McCarty Lane in Lafayette, Indiana. The tower is located at the same location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Willowgrove, Saskatoon", "paragraph_text": "Willowgrove is a primarily residential neighbourhood located in northeast Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It comprises a mix of mainly single-family detached houses and fewer multiple-unit dwellings. As of 2011, the area is home to 3,973 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a middle to high-income area, with an average family income of $96,002, an average dwelling value of $218,357 and a home ownership rate of 84.8%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Boston", "paragraph_text": "Boston is the largest broadcasting market in New England, with the radio market being the 11th largest in the United States. Several major AM stations include talk radio WRKO, sports/talk station WEEI, and CBS Radio WBZ. WBZ (AM) broadcasts a news radio format. A variety of commercial FM radio formats serve the area, as do NPR stations WBUR and WGBH. College and university radio stations include WERS (Emerson), WHRB (Harvard), WUMB (UMass Boston), WMBR (MIT), WZBC (Boston College), WMFO (Tufts University), WBRS (Brandeis University), WTBU (Boston University, campus and web only), WRBB (Northeastern University) and WMLN-FM (Curry College).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "WBUR-FM", "paragraph_text": "WBUR-FM (90.9 FM) is a public radio station located in Boston, Massachusetts, owned by Boston University. WBUR is the largest of three NPR member stations in Boston, along with WGBH and WUMB-FM. WBUR produces several nationally distributed programs, including \"Car Talk\", \"On Point\", \"Only a Game\", \"Here and Now\" and \"Open Source\", and previously produced \"The Connection\" (which was canceled on August 5, 2005). \"RadioBoston\", launched in 2007, is WBUR's only purely local show. WBUR's positioning statement is \"Boston's NPR News Station\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "CBVE-FM", "paragraph_text": "CBVE-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts the programming of the CBC Radio One network at 104.7 FM in Quebec City, Quebec. The station's main transmitter is located at Mount Bélair. Its studios are co-located with its francophone sister stations on Rue St-Jean in Downtown Quebec City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Friend, Nebraska", "paragraph_text": "As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $34,833, and the median income for a family was $40,667. Males had a median income of $32,946 versus $17,829 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,422. About 4.9% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Income in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "According to the OECD the average household net - adjusted disposable income per capita is $27,029 a year (in USD, ranked 14 / 36 OECD countries), the average household net financial wealth per capita is estimated at $60,778 (in USD, ranked 8 / 36), and the average net - adjusted disposable income of the top 20% of the population is an estimated $57,010 a year, whereas the bottom 20% live on an estimated $10,195 a year giving a ratio of 5.6 (in USD, ranked 25 / 36).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Household income in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Another common measurement of personal income is the mean household income. Unlike the median household income, which divides all households in two halves, the mean income is the average income earned by American households. In the case of mean income, the income of all households is divided by the number of all households. The mean income is usually more affected by the relatively unequal distribution of income which tilts towards the top. As a result, the mean tends to be higher than the median income, with the top earning households boosting it. Overall, the mean household income in the United States, according to the US Census Bureau 2014 Annual Social and Economic Supplement, was $72,641.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Birmingham, Iowa", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $31,406, and the median income for a family was $40,250. Males had a median income of $27,614 versus $20,536 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,554. 8.8% of the population and 3.5% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 10.1% of those under the age of 18 and 11.0% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "KKHK", "paragraph_text": "KKHK (95.5 FM, \"Bob FM\") is a commercial adult hits radio station in Carmel, California, broadcasting to the Santa Cruz-Monterey-Salinas, California area on 95.5 FM. Its studios are in Monterey while its transmitter is located east of the city.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $30,237 (with a margin of error of +/- $2,354) and the median family income was $35,488 (+/- $2,607). Males had a median income of $32,207 (+/- $1,641) versus $29,298 (+/- $1,380) for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,069 (+/- $2,532). About 23.1% of families and 25.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.6% of those under age 18 and 16.8% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Clay Center, Kansas", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $31,531, and the median income for a family was $45,567. Males had a median income of $29,526 versus $16,149 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,128. About 5.9% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.5% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "KXXY-FM", "paragraph_text": "KXXY-FM (96.1 FM, \"96.1 KXY\") is a country music formatted radio station serving the Oklahoma City area and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc.. KXY was the flagship station of the Oklahoma City Barons hockey team before they left Oklahoma City. Its transmitter is located in Northeast Oklahoma City, and studios are located at the 50 Penn Place building on the Northwest side.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Atlantic City, New Jersey", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $26,969, and the median income for a family was $31,997. Males had a median income of $25,471 versus $23,863 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,402. About 19.1% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.1% of those under age 18 and 18.9% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $45,733, and the median income for a family was $53,060. Males had a median income of $36,984 versus $31,076 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,609. According to Forbes in 2005, San Diego was the fifth wealthiest U.S. city but about 10.6% of families and 14.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over. Nonetheless, San Diego was rated the fifth-best place to live in the United States in 2006 by Money magazine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "KFLT-FM", "paragraph_text": "KFLT-FM (104.1 FM) is a religious radio station in Tucson, Arizona. KFLT-FM is owned by Family Life Broadcasting, Inc. It is based from studios co-located with television station KGUN-TV in Tucson, and a transmitter site is located in the city's northwest side.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Richland County, South Carolina", "paragraph_text": "As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 384,504 people, 145,194 households, and 89,357 families residing in the county. The population density was 507.9 inhabitants per square mile (196.1/km2). There were 161,725 housing units at an average density of 213.6 per square mile (82.5/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 47.3% white, 45.9% black or African American, 2.2% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 1.9% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 4.8% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 9.6% were German, 8.6% were English, 7.6% were Irish, and 7.1% were American.Of the 145,194 households, 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.6% were married couples living together, 17.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 38.5% were non-families, and 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.05. The median age was 32.6 years.The median income for a household in the county was $47,922 and the median income for a family was $61,622. Males had a median income of $42,453 versus $34,012 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,805. About 10.0% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.6% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "WFAN-FM", "paragraph_text": "WFAN-FM (101.9 MHz), also known as \"Sports Radio 66 and 101.9 FM\" or \"The Fan\", is a commercial FM sports radio station licensed to New York City. The station is owned and operated by Entercom, and is simulcast with WFAN (660 AM). WFAN-FM's studios are located in the combined Entercom facility in the Hudson Square neighborhood of Manhattan and its transmitter is located at the Empire State Building.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Juliaetta, Idaho", "paragraph_text": "The median income for a household in the city was $33,295, and the median income for a family was $39,250. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $18,594 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,606. About 4.2% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 5.7% of those age 65 or over.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 128489, "question": "What city is WBUR-FM located?", "answer": "Boston", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 }, { "id": 6862, "question": "What is the average family income in #1 ?", "answer": "$61,035", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "American University of Paris", "paragraph_text": "The American University of Paris (AUP) is a private, independent, and accredited liberal arts and sciences university in Paris, France. Founded in 1962, the university is one of the oldest American institutions of higher education in Europe. The university campus consists of ten buildings, centrally located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris, on the Left Bank near the Eiffel Tower, Les Invalides, and the Seine.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Smoking ban in England", "paragraph_text": "On 16 November 2004 a Public Health white paper proposed a smoking ban in almost all public places in England and Wales. Smoking restrictions would be phased in, with a ban on smoking in NHS and government buildings by 2006, in enclosed public places by 2007, and pubs, bars and restaurants (except pubs not serving food) by the end of 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Needle Tower", "paragraph_text": "Needle Tower is a public artwork by American sculptor Kenneth Snelson located outside of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Salem Hospital Heliport", "paragraph_text": "Salem Hospital Heliport is a private heliport located at Salem Hospital in Salem, Oregon, United States. The pad for this heliport is located on the hospital's new Critical Care Tower. The previous helipad was eliminated when the parking structure that it resided upon was torn down in 2006 to make way for the construction. During the interim period helicopters landed in the Willamette University's McCulloch Stadium located in Bush's Pasture Park south of the hospital.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Restaurant Makeover", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant Makeover is a television series on HGTV Canada which currently airs as reruns on the Food Network Canada and \"HGTV Canada\", as well as the Fine Living channel and Food Network in the United States, DTour and in over 16 other countries worldwide. The pilot episode starred designer Robin De Groot and chef Brad Long in the Coco's Cafe. Most of the restaurants involved in the series were located in the Greater Toronto Area. The series has been rebooted as \"Restaurant Takeover\" on Food Network Canada.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Baghdad Tower", "paragraph_text": "Baghdad Tower (, previously called International Saddam Tower, is a TV tower in Baghdad, Iraq. The tower opened in 1994 and replaced a communications tower destroyed in the Gulf War. A revolving restaurant and observation deck are located on the top floor. After the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the tower was occupied by American soldiers and was renamed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "One South Broad", "paragraph_text": "One South Broad, also known as the Lincoln-Liberty Building or PNB Building, is a 28-story office tower in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The art deco tower, designed by architect John Torrey Windrim as an annex for Wanamaker's department store, was completed in 1932. Wanamaker's Men's Store opened in the first seven floors of the building, which is located a block from Wanamaker's main store, and was intended to rival European department stores with its size and selection. In 1952, the Philadelphia National Bank (PNB) bought the building and converted it into offices and banking space. Until 2014, the building's bell tower was decorated on all four sides with PNB's initials in stainless steel tall. Wells Fargo is the main tenant, occupying almost half the building. The former banking space at street level was converted to retail and restaurant space in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "El Pollo Loco", "paragraph_text": "El Pollo Loco, Inc. is a restaurant chain based in the United States, specializing in Mexican - style grilled chicken. Restaurant service consists of: dine - in, take - out, with some locations offering drive through options. The company is headquartered in Costa Mesa, California and operates over 400 (as of March 2014) company - owned and franchised restaurants in the Southwestern United States. ``El Pollo Loco ''is Spanish for`` The Crazy Chicken''.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "University Towers", "paragraph_text": "University Towers is a tall residential apartment building in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It stands at 536 South Forest Avenue. The building was constructed in 1965 and stands at 19 floors, with 240 units/rooms. The high-rise also contains a fitness center.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Ban Pha Tang", "paragraph_text": "Ban Pha Tang or Ban Phatang is a small town in Vientiane Province, Laos. It is located north along Route 13 from Vang Vieng, north of Ban Pakpo, on the bank of the Nam Song River. From Ban Pha Tang, the road climbs steeply to Ban Phahom, Ban Thieng and Muang Kasi. Lonely Planet describes it as a \"pretty riverside village named after Pha Tang, a towering limestone cliff. The town's bridge offers a very photogenic view of its namesake.\" Phatang Resort lies to the south of the settlement.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Diplomat Resort & Spa Hollywood", "paragraph_text": "The Diplomat Resort & Spa, A Curio Collection by Hilton is a beachfront resort located in Hollywood, Florida (Just South of Fort Lauderdale). The hotel has a North and a South Tower that have 998 rooms and are 36 stories tall. The Diplomat has two pools, six restaurants and lounges, beachfront location and a convention center. The hotel is currently owned by Thayer Lodging Group and is operated under Hilton Worldwide", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "De Bokkepruik", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant De Bokkepruik is a restaurant located in Heemse, Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star from 1990 to present.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Restaurant ML", "paragraph_text": "Restaurant ML is a restaurant located in Haarlem, in the Netherlands. It is a fine dining restaurant that was awarded one Michelin star in the period 2011–present.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Smoking in Ireland", "paragraph_text": "Smoking in workplaces in Ireland was banned on 29 March 2004, making Ireland the first country in the world to institute an outright ban on smoking in workplaces. From that date onwards, under the Public Health (Tobacco) Acts, it has been illegal to smoke in all enclosed workplaces. The ban is strictly enforced and includes bars, restaurants, clubs, offices, public buildings, company cars, trucks, taxis and vans. A private residence is considered a workplace when tradespeople, such as plumbers or electricians, are working there. €3,000 is the maximum fine on the spot, while a prison sentence can also be given at a later time for violators. The law exempts dwellings, prisons, nursing homes, psychiatric wards, hotel rooms charitable accommodation and college dorm rooms. Certain buildings such as some hospitals forbid smoking anywhere in the grounds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Cosmopolitan of Las Vegas", "paragraph_text": "It consists of two highrise towers, the Boulevard Tower and the Chelsea Tower, both of which are 184 meters (603 ft) tall. The $3.9 billion project features 3,027 rooms, a 110,000 sq ft (10,000 m) casino, 300,000 sq ft (28,000 m) of retail and restaurant space, a 40,000 sq ft (3,700 m) spa and fitness facility, a 3,200 - seat theater, and 150,000 sq ft (14,000 m) of meeting and convention space.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Hawksworth Restaurant", "paragraph_text": "Hawksworth Restaurant, located in the Rosewood Hotel Georgia in Vancouver, British Columbia, is a fine-dining restaurant owned by chef David Hawksworth, the youngest chef to be inducted into the B.C. Restaurant Hall of Fame. The restaurant was named, \"Restaurant of the Year\" in 2012 by Macleans.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "The Keg", "paragraph_text": "The Keg is a Canadian - owned chain of steakhouse restaurants and bars located in Canada and the United States. The original ``The Keg and Cleaver ''restaurant was founded by George Tidball, in 1971, at a location in North Vancouver, British Columbia. By February 2018, The Keg had expanded to 160 locations in Canada and the United States, when Canadian food industry giant Cara Operations (now known as Recipe Unlimited) purchased the chain for $200 million, from then owners David Aisenstat (49%) and Fairfax Financial (51%). Aisenstat had been the sole owner from 1997 until 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Houston's Restaurant", "paragraph_text": "Houston's Restaurant is an upscale American casual dining restaurant chain, owned by Hillstone Restaurant Group, whose main corporate headquarters is in Beverly Hills, California. There are 51 Hillstone locations in 13 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Sidetrack Bar & Grill", "paragraph_text": "Sidetrack Bar and Grill is a restaurant on the east end of Depot Town in Ypsilanti, Michigan, at 56 East Cross Street. It is just down the road from Eastern Michigan University and is a popular hangout for students and faculty. Linda French, who has owned the restaurant since 1980, named it after “its unique location alongside the main railroad line from Detroit to Chicago.” The location has served as a restaurant, under different names, as far back as 1850. It has a large beer selection as well as liquor and wine and has won awards for its food.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Fresno, California", "paragraph_text": "The neighborhood features restaurants, live theater and nightclubs, as well as several independent shops and bookstores, currently operating on or near Olive Avenue, and all within a few hundred feet of each other. Since renewal, the Tower District has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses. Today, the Tower District is also known as the center of Fresno's LGBT and hipster Communities.; Additionally, Tower District is also known as the center of Fresno's local punk/goth/deathrock and heavy metal community.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131807, "question": "Which state is University Towers located?", "answer": "Michigan", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 63191, "question": "when was smoking banned in restaurants in #1", "answer": "May 1, 2010", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "WWFY", "paragraph_text": "WWFY (100.9 FM, \"Froggy 100.9\") is a radio station licensed to serve Berlin, Vermont. The station is owned by Jeffrey Shapiro's Great Eastern Radio. It airs a country music format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Today Wonder", "paragraph_text": "Today Wonder is the fourth solo album by Australian guitarist and songwriter Ed Kuepper recorded in 1990 and released on the Hot label. The album was re-released in 2002 with eight bonus tracks recorded for a Dutch radio station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "WXLF", "paragraph_text": "WXLF (95.3 FM, \"95.3 and 107.1 The Wolf\") is a radio station licensed to serve Hartford, Vermont. The station is owned by Binnie Media. It airs a country music format. The station is simulcast on WZLF (107.1 FM) in Bellows Falls, Vermont.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Caldo de siete mares", "paragraph_text": "Caldo de siete mares (in English, \"seven seas soup\"), also known as \"caldo de mariscos\" (\"seafood soup\") is a Mexican version of fish stew, popular in coastal regions in Mexico. It is typically made with chicken, tomato, fish, or seafood broth with local fresh seafood ingredients and, like other Mexican soups, cooked quickly in a thin broth.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "WRMG", "paragraph_text": "WRMG (1430 AM) is a radio station licensed to serve Red Bay, Alabama. The station is owned by Ivy Broadcasting and licensed to Jack W. Ivy, Sr. It airs a Classic Country format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "List of Old Scotch Collegians", "paragraph_text": "This is a list of Old Scotch Collegians, who are notable former students of Scotch College in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Salamatof, Alaska", "paragraph_text": "Salamatof is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska, United States. The population was 980 at the 2010 census, up from 954 in 2000. Salamatof is the location for the former Wildwood Air Force Station, which operated from 1965 to 1972 (from 1951 to 1965, it was an Army Station). Today, it is the Wildwood Correctional Complex.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "WFGS", "paragraph_text": "WFGS-FM (103.7 FM, \"Froggy 103.7\") is a radio station located in Murray, Kentucky licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and owned by Forever Communications. The station airs a country music format. Froggy 103.7 is one of the most listened to radio stations in Western Kentucky and Northwest Tennessee for country music.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "KCLV-FM", "paragraph_text": "KCLV-FM (99.1 FM, \"Country 99\") is a radio station licensed to serve Clovis, New Mexico. The station is owned by Zia Broadcasting Company. It airs a Country music format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Scotch egg", "paragraph_text": "Scotch eggs are a common picnic food. In the United Kingdom packaged Scotch eggs are available in supermarkets, corner shops and motorway service stations. Miniature versions are also widely available, sold as \"mini scotch eggs\" \"savoury eggs\", \"picnic eggs\", \"party eggs\", \"snack eggs\", \"egg bites\" or similar. These contain chopped egg or a quail's egg, rather than a whole chicken egg, and sometimes contain mayonnaise or chopped bacon.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "One Bourbon, One Scotch, One Beer", "paragraph_text": "``One Scotch, One Bourbon, One Beer ''(or`` One Bourbon, One Scotch, One Beer'') is a blues song written by Rudy Toombs and recorded by Amos Milburn in 1953. It is one of several drinking songs recorded by Milburn in the early 1950s that placed in the top ten of the Billboard R&B chart. Other artists released popular recordings of the song, including John Lee Hooker in 1966 and George Thorogood in 1977.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Scotch whisky", "paragraph_text": "Scotch whisky (; often simply called Scotch) is malt whisky or grain whisky made in Scotland. Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Scotch broth", "paragraph_text": "Scotch broth is a filling soup, originating in Scotland but now obtainable worldwide. The principal ingredients are usually barley, stewing or braising cuts of lamb, mutton or beef, root vegetables (such as carrots, swedes, or sometimes turnips), and dried pulses (most often split peas and red lentils). Cabbage and leeks are often added shortly before serving to preserve their texture, colour and flavours. The proportions and ingredients vary according to the recipe or availability. Scotch broth has been sold ready-prepared in cans for many years.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "CKAT", "paragraph_text": "CKAT is a Canadian radio station, broadcasting at 600 AM in North Bay, Ontario. The station, owned by Rogers Communications, airs a country music, news and sports format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "WWAG", "paragraph_text": "WWAG (107.9 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve McKee, Kentucky. The station is owned by Dandy Broadcasting, Inc. It airs a Country music format.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "WHWK", "paragraph_text": "WHWK, known on-air as \"The Hawk\", is a radio station licensed to Binghamton, New York with a country music format launched in January 1984.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "WSGL", "paragraph_text": "WSGL is a commercial radio station located in Naples, Florida, broadcasting on 104.7 FM. WSGL airs a hot adult contemporary music format branded as \"Mix 104.7\". Mix 104.7 currently airs a mix of pop rock from 90's 2000's and today's current hits. Although the station's format is Hot AC, WSGL reports to Mediabase as a mainstream Adult Contemporary station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "CIKZ-FM", "paragraph_text": "CIKZ-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 106.7 FM in Kitchener, Ontario. The station airs a country music format branded as \"Country 106.7\". The station is owned by Rogers Media which also owns sister stations CHYM-FM and CKGL.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "WIBH", "paragraph_text": "WIBH (1440 AM) is a radio station licensed to Anna, Illinois, United States. The station airs a Classic Country format, and is currently owned by WIBH, Inc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "KMAR-FM", "paragraph_text": "KMAR-FM (95.9 FM) is an American radio station licensed to serve the community of Winnsboro, Louisiana. The station airs the syndicated Westwood One programming True Country in addition to locally produced programming.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 105938, "question": "What country released Scotch broth?", "answer": "Scotland", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 140895, "question": "What was the station that aired #1 Today?", "answer": "Scottish Television", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Yinchuan Hedong International Airport is the primary airport serving Yinchuan, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. It is located southeast of downtown Yinchuan in the town of Linghe of Lingwu City. A relatively small airport compared to many airports in China, it nevertheless is the autonomous region's main aviation gateway. Its name \"Hedong\" literally means \"East of the River\" and derives from the airport's location east of the Yellow River. It is connected to over 20 cities by either direct flights, or transferring in Xi'an and Beijing. The terminal building covers a total area of . In 2013, the airport handled 4,247,843 passengers, making it the 39th-busiest airport in China.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Gibson Dam", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Dam is a concrete arch dam on the Sun River, a tributary of the Missouri River, about west of Great Falls, Montana in the United States. Located on the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains, the dam was built by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) between 1926 and 1929 as part of the Sun River Project to develop about of irrigated land in the Sun River Valley.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA) (IATA: LOS, ICAO: DNMM) is an international airport located in Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria, and is the major airport serving the entire state. The airport was initially built during World War II and is named after Murtala Muhammed, the 4th military ruler of Nigeria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Oklahoma City", "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma City is served by two primary airports, Will Rogers World Airport and the much smaller Wiley Post Airport (incidentally, the two honorees died in the same plane crash in Alaska) Will Rogers World Airport is the state's busiest commercial airport, with over 3.6 million passengers annually. Tinker Air Force Base, in southeast Oklahoma City, is the largest military air depot in the nation; a major maintenance and deployment facility for the Navy and the Air Force, and the second largest military institution in the state (after Fort Sill in Lawton).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Casablanca", "paragraph_text": "Casablanca's main airport is Mohammed V International Airport, Morocco's busiest airport. Regular domestic flights serve Marrakech, Rabat, Agadir, Oujda, Tangier, Al Hoceima, and Laayoune, as well as other cities.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cleveland Hopkins International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (IATA: CLE, ICAO: KCLE, FAA LID: CLE) is a public airport located nine miles (14 km) southwest of the central business district of Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States and adjacent to NASA's Glenn Research Center, one of NASA's ten major field centers. It is the primary airport serving Northeast Ohio, the largest and busiest airport in Ohio, and the 43rd busiest airport in the United States by passenger number. It is also the only airport in Ohio that offers nonstop transatlantic flights to Europe. Greater Cleveland is also served by Burke Lakefront Airport and Akron - Canton Regional Airport. Cleveland Hopkins and Cleveland Burke Lakefront Airport together comprise the Cleveland Airport System, operated by the City of Cleveland's Department of Port Control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Orlando International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Orlando International Airport (IATA: MCO, ICAO: KMCO, FAA LID: MCO) is a major public airport located six miles (10 km) southeast of Downtown Orlando, Florida, United States. In 2017, MCO handled 44,611,265 passengers, making it the busiest airport in the state of Florida and the eleventh - busiest airport in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Hartsfield -- Jackson Atlanta International Airport (IATA: ATL, ICAO: KATL, FAA LID: ATL), also known as Atlanta Airport, Hartsfield, or Hartsfield -- Jackson, is an international airport located 7 miles (11 km) south of Atlanta's central business district, in the U.S. state of Georgia. It has been the world's busiest airport by passenger traffic since 1998; and by number of landings and take - offs from 2005 to 2013, losing that title to Chicago - O'Hare in 2014, but regaining it a year later. Hartsfield -- Jackson held its ranking as the world's busiest airport in 2012, both in passengers and number of flights, by accommodating 100 million passengers (more than 260,000 passengers daily) and 950,119 flights. Many of the nearly one million flights are domestic flights from within the United States, where the airport serves as a major hub for travel throughout the southeastern region of the country. The airport has 207 domestic and international gates. ATL covers 4,700 acres (1,902 ha) of land and has five parallel runways.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson International Airport (commonly known as Winnipeg International Airport or simply Winnipeg Airport) is an international airport located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is the seventh busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic, serving 4,305,744 passengers in 2017, and the 11th busiest airport by aircraft movements. It is a hub for passenger airlines Calm Air, Perimeter Airlines, Flair Airlines, and cargo airline Cargojet. It is also a focus city for WestJet. The airport is co-located with Canadian Forces Base Winnipeg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Fukuoka Airport", "paragraph_text": "Fukuoka Airport is the principal airport on the island of Kyushu and is the fourth busiest passenger airport in Japan. As of 2017, the airport is the fourth busiest single-runway airport in the world by passenger traffic (after Mumbai, London–Gatwick and İstanbul-Sabiha Gökçen). The airport is surrounded by residential areas; flights stop at 10 p.m. at the request of local residents and resume operation at 7 a.m. The domestic terminal is connected to the city by the Fukuoka City Subway, and a subway from the airport to the business district takes less than ten minutes. The international terminal is only accessible by road, although there is scheduled bus service to Hakata Station and the Tenjin area. Alternatives to access the Fukuoka area include Saga Airport and Kitakyushu Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Mohammed V International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Mohammed V International Airport (; , ; Berber: ⴰⵣⴰⴳⵯⵣ ⴰⴳⵔⵖⵍⴰⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⵡⵙ5; ) is an international airport serving Casablanca, Morocco. Located in Nouaceur Province, it is operated by ONDA (). With just under 8 million passengers passing through the airport in 2014, it was the busiest airport in Morocco and the fourth busiest in Africa. In August 2014, ONDA reported a year-on-year increase of 7.28% passenger traffic, to 918,238. The airport serves as hub for Royal Air Maroc, Jetairfly, Air Arabia Maroc and RAM Express. It is named after King Mohammed V of Morocco.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Gibson Station, Virginia", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Station is an unincorporated community in Lee County, Virginia, United States. Gibson Station is located along U.S. Route 58 east of Cumberland Gap.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Oklahoma", "paragraph_text": "Oklahoma's largest commercial airport is Will Rogers World Airport in Oklahoma City, averaging a yearly passenger count of more than 3.5 million (1.7 million boardings) in 2010. Tulsa International Airport, the state's second largest commercial airport, served more than 1.3 million boardings in 2010. Between the two, six airlines operate in Oklahoma. In terms of traffic, R. L. Jones Jr. (Riverside) Airport in Tulsa is the state's busiest airport, with 335,826 takeoffs and landings in 2008. In total, Oklahoma has over 150 public-use airports.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport is the busiest airport in the state of Montana, surpassing Billings Logan International Airport in the spring of 2013. Montana's other major Airports include Billings Logan International Airport, Missoula International Airport, Great Falls International Airport, Glacier Park International Airport, Helena Regional Airport, Bert Mooney Airport and Yellowstone Airport. Eight smaller communities have airports designated for commercial service under the Essential Air Service program.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Chubu Centrair International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Centrair is classified as a first class airport and is the main international gateway for the Chubu (\"central\") region of Japan. The name is an abbreviation of Central Japan International Airport, an alternate translation used in the English name of the airport's operating company, . 10.2 million people used the airport in 2015, ranking 8th busiest in the nation, and 208,000 tons of cargo was moved in 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Orly Airport, located in the southern suburbs of Paris, replaced Le Bourget as the principal airport of Paris from the 1950s to the 1980s. Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993. Today it is the 4th busiest airport in the world by international traffic, and is the hub for the nation's flag carrier Air France. Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located 69 km (43 mi) north of Paris' city centre, is used by charter airlines and low-cost carriers such as Ryanair.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport", "paragraph_text": "Lake Billy Chinook Airport, also known as Lake Billy Chinook State Airport, is a public use airport located six nautical miles (7 mi, 11 km) west of the central business district of Culver, a city in Jefferson County, Oregon, United States. The airport is privately owned, despite the name which might give the impression that it was owned by the state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "List of busiest airports in the United Kingdom", "paragraph_text": "The United Kingdom, an island country, is home to many of Europe's largest and busiest airports. London - Heathrow, which handles over 75 million international passengers annually, is the largest airport in the UK. London serves as the largest aviation hub in the world by passenger traffic, with six international airports, handling over 163 million passengers in 2016, more than any other city. London's second - busiest airport, London - Gatwick, was until 2016 the world's busiest single - runway airport. Manchester Airport is the United Kingdom's third - busiest airport. London - Stansted and London - Luton are the fourth - and fifth - busiest airports, respectively.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Heraklion International Airport", "paragraph_text": "Heraklion International Airport \"Nikos Kazantzakis\" is the primary airport on the island of Crete, Greece, and the country's second busiest airport after Athens International Airport. It is located about 5 km east of the main city centre of Heraklion, near the municipality of Nea Alikarnassos. It is a shared civil/military facility. The airport is named after Heraklion native Nikos Kazantzakis, a Greek writer and philosopher. Nikos Kazantzakis Airport is Crete's main and busiest airport, serving Heraklion (Ηράκλειο), Aghios Nikolaos (Άγιος Νικόλαος), Malia (Mάλλια), Hersonissos (Χερσόνησος), Stalida (Σταλίδα), Elounda (Ελούντα) and other resorts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Gibson Reservoir", "paragraph_text": "Gibson Reservoir is located just south of the Bob Marshall Wilderness in Montana. The reservoir is formed by the concrete arch Gibson Dam and backs water up between a hilly pass for about 3 miles. The water in the dam is initially provided by spring snow runoff and carried there via the North Fork Sun River and the South Fork Sun River right after the two join. The reservoir is mainly used for irrigation control.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131377, "question": "Which state is Gibson Dam located?", "answer": "Montana", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 39558, "question": "What is the name of the busiest airport in #1 ?", "answer": "Bozeman Yellowstone International Airport", "paragraph_support_idx": 13 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Murray-Sunset National Park", "paragraph_text": "The Murray-Sunset National Park is the second largest national park in Victoria, Australia, located in the Mallee district in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia. The national park is situated approximately northwest of Melbourne and was proclaimed on . It is in the northwestern corner of the state, bordering South Australia to the west and the Murray River to the north. The Sturt Highway passes through the northern part of the park, but most of the park is in the remote area between the Sturt Highway and the Mallee Highway, west of the Calder Highway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Abu Sufian bin Qumu", "paragraph_text": "Bin Qumu was transferred to Libya on 28 September 2007. In 2011, he was the leader of a band of fighters in his hometown of Derna during the 2011 Libyan civil war. After the war, he led the militant Islamist group Ansar al-Sharia's Derna branch.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Libya", "paragraph_text": "Libya (; ; ), officially the State of Libya, is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad to the south, Niger to the southwest, Algeria to the west, and Tunisia to the northwest. The sovereign state is made of three historical regions: Tripolitania, Fezzan and Cyrenaica. With an area of almost , Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, and is the 16th largest country in the world. Libya has the 10th-largest proven oil reserves of any country in the world. The largest city and capital, Tripoli, is located in western Libya and contains over one million of Libya's six million people. The second-largest city is Benghazi, which is located in eastern Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Australia national rugby union team", "paragraph_text": "Wales toured Australia in 1978, and Australia beat them 18 -- 8 at Ballymore, and then again by two points at the SCG. This was followed by a three match series with the All Blacks. Although New Zealand won the first two, Australia defeated them in the last Test at Eden Park with Greg Cornelsen scoring four tries. The following year Ireland visited Australia and defeated Australia in two Tests. Following this Australia hosted the All Blacks for a single Test at the SCG which Australia won 12 -- 6. Australia then left for Argentina for two Tests. After going down 24 -- 13 in the first, Australia finished the decade by beating Argentina 17 -- 12 in Buenos Aires.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tarat, Algeria", "paragraph_text": "Tarat is a village in the commune of Illizi, in Illizi Province, Algeria, located near the border with Libya beside a wadi beneath the eastern edge of the Tassili n'Ajjer mountain range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Disarmament of Libya", "paragraph_text": "In 1968, Libya became signatory of Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), ratified the treaty in 1975, and concluded a safeguards agreement in 1980. Despite its commitment to NPT, there are reports indicating that Muammar Gaddafi of Libya either made unsuccessful attempts to build or entered in an agreement to purchase a nuclear weapon from nuclear - armed nations. In the 1970s -- 80s, Gaddafi made numerous attempts to accelerate and push forward his ambitions for an active nuclear weapons program, using the nuclear black market sources. However, after the end of the Cold War in 1991, Gaddafi sought to resolve its nuclear crises with the United States aiming to uplift the sanctions against Libya, finally agreeing to authorize rolling back Libya's weapons of mass destruction program on December 2003.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Naji Shushan", "paragraph_text": "Naji Shushan (; born January 14, 1981 in Tripoli, Libya) is a Libyan football defender currently playing for Alahly. He was a member of the Libya national football team.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Seven Hills, Queensland", "paragraph_text": "Seven Hills is a suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is located east of the CBD, and borders Camp Hill, Carina, Morningside, and Norman Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Year Host (s) Final venue Result Winner Margin Runner - up Details England London West Indies 291 / 8 (60 overs) West Indies won by 17 runs Scorecard Australia 274 all out (58.4 overs) 1979 Details England London West Indies 286 / 9 (60 overs) West Indies won by 92 runs Scorecard England 194 all out (51 overs) Details England London India 183 all out (54.4 overs) India won by 43 runs Scorecard West Indies 140 all out (52 overs) Details India Pakistan Kolkata Australia 253 / 5 (50 overs) Australia won by 7 runs Scorecard England 246 / 8 (50 overs) 1992 Details Australia New Zealand Melbourne Pakistan 249 / 6 (50 overs) Pakistan won by 22 runs Scorecard England 227 all out (49.2 overs) Details Pakistan India Sri Lanka Lahore Sri Lanka 245 / 3 (46.2 overs) Sri Lanka won by 7 wickets Scorecard Australia 241 / 7 (50 overs) 1999 Details England Scotland Wales Ireland Netherlands London Australia 133 / 2 (20.1 overs) Australia won by 8 wickets Scorecard Pakistan 132 all out (39 overs) 2003 Details South Africa Zimbabwe Kenya Johannesburg Australia 359 / 2 (50 overs) Australia won by 125 runs Scorecard India 234 all out (39.2 overs) 2007 Details West Indies Bridgetown Australia 281 / 4 (38 overs) Australia won by 53 runs (D / L) Scorecard Sri Lanka 215 / 8 (36 overs) 2011 Details India Sri Lanka Bangladesh Mumbai India 277 / 4 (48.2 overs) India won by 6 wickets Scorecard Sri Lanka 274 / 6 (50 overs) 2015 Details Australia New Zealand Melbourne Australia 186 / 3 (33.1 overs) Australia won by 7 wickets Scorecard New Zealand 183 all out (45 overs) 2019 Details England Wales London 2023 Details India Kolkata", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Mungindi Bridge", "paragraph_text": "The Mungindi Bridge is a road bridge over the Barwon River on the Carnarvon Highway on the Queensland/New South Wales border at Mungindi, Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "From childhood, Gaddafi was aware of the involvement of European colonialists in Libya; his nation was occupied by Italy, and during the North African Campaign of World War II it witnessed conflict between Italian and British troops. According to later claims, Gaddafi's paternal grandfather, Abdessalam Bouminyar, was killed by the Italian Army during the Italian invasion of 1911. At World War II's end in 1945, Libya was occupied by British and French forces. Although Britain and France intended on dividing the nation between their empires, the General Assembly of the United Nations (UN) declared that the country be granted political independence. In 1951, the UN created the United Kingdom of Libya, a federal state under the leadership of a pro-western monarch, Idris, who banned political parties and established an absolute monarchy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Military history of Australia during World War I", "paragraph_text": "The AIF departed Australia in November 1914 and, after several delays due to the presence of German naval vessels in the Indian Ocean, arrived in Egypt, where they were initially used to defend the Suez Canal. In early 1915, however, it was decided to carry out an amphibious landing on the Gallipoli peninsula with the goal of opening up a second front and securing the passage of the Dardanelles. The Australians and New Zealanders, grouped together as the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC), went ashore on 25 April 1915 and for the next eight months the Anzacs, alongside their British, French and other allies, fought a costly and ultimately unsuccessful campaign against the Turks.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Italian Tripolitania", "paragraph_text": "Italian Tripolitania was an Italian colony, located in present-day western Libya, that existed from 1911 to 1934. It was part of the territory conquered from the Ottoman Empire after the Italo-Turkish War in 1911. Italian Tripolitania included the western northern half of Libya, with Tripoli as its main city. In 1934, it was unified with Cyrenaica in the colony of Italian Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Al Jawf, Libya", "paragraph_text": "Al Jawf (Arabic: الجوف‎ Al Ğawf) is a town in southeastern Libya, the capital of the Kufra district in Libya.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Alex Russell (golfer)", "paragraph_text": "Commissioned in the Royal Garrison Artillery on 9 October 1914, Russell served on the Western Front during World War I, where he was twice wounded, won the Military Cross, and in 1918 was promoted acting major. After the war he and his wife returned to Australia and lived at Sandringham in Melbourne, close to the Royal Melbourne Golf Club.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "The most common way for travellers to enter the country seems to be by air. According to the website Lonely Planet, getting into Myanmar is problematic: \"No bus or train service connects Myanmar with another country, nor can you travel by car or motorcycle across the border – you must walk across.\", and states that, \"It is not possible for foreigners to go to/from Myanmar by sea or river.\" There are a small number of border crossings that allow the passage of private vehicles, such as the border between Ruili (China) to Mu-se, the border between Htee Kee (Myanmar) and Ban Phu Nam Ron (Thailand) (the most direct border between Dawei and Kanchanaburi), and the border between Myawaddy (Myanmar) and Mae Sot (Thailand). At least one tourist company has successfully run commercial overland routes through these borders since 2013. \"From Mae Sai (Thailand) you can cross to Tachileik, but can only go as far as Kengtung. Those in Thailand on a visa run can cross to Kawthaung but cannot venture farther into Myanmar.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "World War I", "paragraph_text": "World War I (WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. Over nine million combatants and seven million civilians died as a result of the war (including the victims of a number of genocides), a casualty rate exacerbated by the belligerents' technological and industrial sophistication, and the tactical stalemate caused by gruelling trench warfare. It was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved. Unresolved rivalries still extant at the end of the conflict contributed to the start of the Second World War only twenty - one years later.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bald Rock National Park", "paragraph_text": "Bald Rock National Park is a national park in northern New South Wales, Australia, just north of Tenterfield on the Queensland border. The border passes over the rock on the Western side. On the other side of the border national park continues as the Girraween National Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "List of Ashes series", "paragraph_text": "Australia have won more Ashes Tests than England, winning 134 of the 330 matches, compared to England's 106 victories. Australia also holds the edge in Ashes series won, having won on 33 occasions compared to England's 32. There have been five drawn series, and on four of these occasions, Australia have retained the Ashes due to being holders going into the series. England have retained the Ashes after a drawn series once. On only three occasions has a team won all the Tests in an Ashes series; Australia won all five matches in 1920 -- 21, then repeated the feat in 2006 -- 07 and in 2013 -- 14. England's largest winning margin in an Ashes series was in 1978 -- 79, when they won 5 -- 1. Both England and Australia have held the Ashes for eight series in a row, England doing so between 1882 -- 83 and 1890, while Australia achieved the feat from 1989 to 2002 -- 03. Since 1882, a small number of Test series have been played between the two sides that have not been allocated as Ashes series; those played in 1976 -- 77, 1979 -- 80, 1980 and 1987 -- 88, these series are not listed in the table below.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Muammar Gaddafi", "paragraph_text": "With preceding legal institutions abolished, Gaddafi envisioned the Jamahiriya as following the Qur'an for legal guidance, adopting sharia law; he proclaimed \"man-made\" laws unnatural and dictatorial, only permitting Allah's law. Within a year he was backtracking, announcing that sharia was inappropriate for the Jamahiriya because it guaranteed the protection of private property, contravening The Green Book's socialism. His emphasis on placing his own work on a par with the Qur'an led conservative clerics to accuse him of shirk, furthering their opposition to his regime. In July, a border war broke out with Egypt, in which the Egyptians defeated Libya despite their technological inferiority. The conflict lasted one week before both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty that was brokered by several Arab states. That year, Gaddafi was invited to Moscow by the Soviet government in recognition of their increasing commercial relationship.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 31753, "question": "Who won a border war with Libya?", "answer": "Egypt", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 }, { "id": 57175, "question": "when did australia go to #1 in ww1", "answer": "November 1914", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Aftermath of World War I", "paragraph_text": "Ireland: Irish Free State (approximately five - sixths of the island) gained independence from the United Kingdom (but still part of the British Empire)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Wadi Musa", "paragraph_text": "Wadi Musa (, literally \"Valley of Moses\") is a town located in the Ma'an Governorate in southern Jordan. It is the administrative center of the Petra Department and the nearest town to the archaeological site of Petra. It hosts many hotels and restaurants for tourists, and there is an important Bedouin settlement approximately from the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bruneian Empire", "paragraph_text": "By the end of 17th century, Brunei entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of the European powers, and piracy. The empire lost much of its territory due to the arrival of the western powers such as the Spanish in the Philippines, the Dutch in southern Borneo and the British in Labuan, Sarawak and North Borneo. Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin later appealed to the British to stop further encroachment in 1888. In the same year British signed a \"Treaty of Protection\" and made Brunei a British protectorate until 1984 when it gained independence.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Italian city-states", "paragraph_text": "During the 11th century in northern Italy a new political and social structure emerged: the city - state or commune. The civic culture which arose from this urbs was remarkable. In some places where communes arose (e.g. Britain and France), they were absorbed by the monarchical state as it emerged. They survived in northern and central Italy as in a handful of other regions throughout Europe to become independent and powerful city - states. In Italy the breakaway from their feudal overlords occurred in the late 12th century and 13th century, during the Investiture Controversy between the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor: Milan led the Lombard cities against the Holy Roman Emperors and defeated them, gaining independence (battles of Legnano, 1176, and Parma, 1248; see Lombard League).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "B.B. King", "paragraph_text": "King gained further visibility among rock audiences as an opening act on the Rolling Stones' 1969 American Tour. He won a 1970 Grammy Award for the song ``The Thrill Is Gone ''; his version became a hit on both the pop and R&B charts. It also gained the number 183 spot in Rolling Stone magazine's 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Aztec sun stone", "paragraph_text": "The Sun Stone, Stone of the Five Eras, or sometimes (erroneously) called Aztec calendar stone is a late post-classic Mexica sculpture housed in the National Anthropology Museum in Mexico City, and is perhaps the most famous work of Aztec sculpture. The stone is 358 centimetres (11.75 ft) in diameter and 98 centimetres (3.22 ft) thick, and it weighs about 24 tons. Shortly after the Spanish conquest, the monolithic sculpture was buried in the Zócalo, the main square of Mexico City. It was rediscovered on December 17, 1790 during repairs on the Mexico City Cathedral. Following its rediscovery, the calendar stone was mounted on an exterior wall of the Cathedral, where it remained until 1885. Most scholars think that the stone was carved some time between 1502 and 1521, though some believe that it is several decades older than that.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Petra", "paragraph_text": "The city is famous for its rock - cut architecture and water conduit system. Another name for Petra is the Rose City due to the color of the stone out of which it is carved. It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. UNESCO has described it as ``one of the most precious cultural properties of man's cultural heritage ''. Petra is a symbol of Jordan, as well as Jordan's most - visited tourist attraction. Tourist numbers peaked at 1 million in 2010, the following period witnessed a slump due to regional instability. However, tourist numbers have picked up recently, and around 600,000 tourists visited the site in 2017.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Croatia at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Croatia national football team have appeared in the FIFA World Cup on five occasions (in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2014 and 2018) since gaining independence in 1991. Before that, from 1930 to 1990 Croatia was part of Yugoslavia. Their best result thus far was silver position at the 2018 final, where they lost 4 - 2 to France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mali", "paragraph_text": "In the late 14th century, the Songhai gradually gained independence from the Mali Empire and expanded, ultimately subsuming the entire eastern portion of the Mali Empire. The Songhai Empire's eventual collapse was largely the result of a Moroccan invasion in 1591, under the command of Judar Pasha. The fall of the Songhai Empire marked the end of the region's role as a trading crossroads. Following the establishment of sea routes by the European powers, the trans-Saharan trade routes lost significance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "What Fools Men", "paragraph_text": "What Fools Men is a lost 1925 American silent drama film directed by George Archainbaud and starring Lewis Stone, Shirley Mason, and Ethel Grey Terry.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Emerald City Confidential", "paragraph_text": "Emerald City Confidential is a 2009 computer adventure game conceived by Dave Gilbert, developed by Wadjet Eye Games and published through PlayFirst. It follows the protagonist Petra, Emerald City's only private eye, as she is approached by a strange woman named Dee Gale. Dee's fiancé is missing, and she is willing to pay Petra above the going rate in order to find him. Lacking any other prospects, Petra agrees. What starts off as a simple missing person case soon takes Petra deep into the seedy underbelly of the Emerald City's criminal underground and beyond. She encounters many characters from the Oz canon and some new characters, learns several magic spells, and uncovers the answer to a dark secret that has haunted Petra all her life.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo", "paragraph_text": "Paulina Ana María Zapata Portillo was born on 22 June 1915 in Izucar de Matamoros, Puebla, Mexico to Emiliano Zapata Salazar and Petra Portillo Torres. Because her father was murdered when she was four and the family was persecuted by his enemies, Anita was taken to live with family members in Chietla, Puebla. From a very young age, Zapata was interested in politics and understood that her family name could open doors and gain access for beneficial causes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Jane the Virgin", "paragraph_text": "Justin Baldoni as Rafael Solano, the 31 - year - old owner of the Marbella Hotel and the biological father of Jane's child who has fallen out of love with his wife. As the series progresses, he develops growing feelings for Jane, and divorces Petra after discovering her affair. In Season 2 he has two daughters with Petra and in Season 3 briefly goes to jail.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "List of Jane the Virgin characters", "paragraph_text": "Petra Solano, born Natalia Fruôcek (portrayed by Yael Grobglas) originates from Czech Republic, running away and taking on a new identity with her mother, Magda, in order to hide from her abusive boyfriend, Milos. Petra becomes engaged to Lachlan Moore before leaving him for Rafael Solano, a man with slightly more money, but ultimately falling in love with him. The two get married and become pregnant, but they eventually lose the baby and Rafael becomes diagnosed with cancer. Their marriage falls apart after this, though Rafael beats his cancer, and so Petra plots to inseminate herself with his sperm sample as a way of preventing him from leaving her. This fails, as the sample is inseminated in Jane Villanueva instead, and so she concocts a line of other schemes to keep him within her grasp. These all fail, and the couple get divorced, but Petra continues to remain a thorn in Rafael's side. Milos tracks down Petra and Magda, sending his goon, Ivan, but the two ladies hold him hostage for a period of time before he escapes. Petra also deals with the repercussions of her affair with Roman Zazo, whose twin brother Aaron is around; however, Aaron turns out to be Roman, and Petra winds up killing him once he takes her hostage. Petra takes a share of the Marbella, preventing herself from being forced out, and in the season finale it's discovered Rafael has another sperm sample leftover. Petra has just learned that Rafael is trying to manipulate her in hopes of getting rid of her, and so, rather than telling him about the sample, she steals it for herself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "States of Germany", "paragraph_text": "After the Nazi Party seized power in January 1933, the Länder increasingly lost importance. They became administrative regions of a centralised country. Three changes are of particular note: on January 1, 1934, Mecklenburg-Schwerin was united with the neighbouring Mecklenburg-Strelitz; and, by the Greater Hamburg Act (Groß-Hamburg-Gesetz), from April 1, 1937, the area of the city-state was extended, while Lübeck lost its independence and became part of the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost", "paragraph_text": "Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost is a 2011 American made-for-television crime drama film directed by Dick Lowry and starring Tom Selleck, Kathy Baker, and Kohl Sudduth. Based on the characters from the Jesse Stone novels created by Robert B. Parker, the film is about the retired police chief of a small New England town who investigates the suspicious death of a young friend while the police force deals with the arrogant new police chief who is the son-in-law of a town councilman. Filmed on location in Nova Scotia, the story is set in the fictitious town of Paradise, Massachusetts. \"Jesse Stone: Innocents Lost\" is the seventh in a series of nine television films based on the characters of Parker's Jesse Stone novels. The film first aired on the CBS television network on May 22, 2011.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "List of Jane the Virgin characters", "paragraph_text": "Jane ``JR ''Ramos (Rosario Dawson): Petra's attorney following Anezka's death. Though seemingly a friend to Petra, it turns out she was being blackmailed to help frame Petra for murder, the life of her schizophrenic mother being at stake. Petra and JR eventually develop romantic feelings for one another and enter into a relationship once Petra's blackmailer - Krishna - is exposed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "The Nabatean Kingdom was an Arab state located between the Sinai Peninsula and the Arabian Peninsula. Its capital was the city of Petra, an important trading city on the incense route. The Nabateans resisted the attacks of Antigonous and were allies of the Hasmoneans in their struggle against the Seleucids, but later fought against Herod the great. The hellenization of the Nabateans accured relatively late in comparison to the surrounding regions. Nabatean material culture does not show any Greek influence until the reign of Aretas III Philhellene in the 1st century BCE. Aretas captured Damascus and built the Petra pool complex and gardens in the Hellenistic style. Though the Nabateans originally worshipped their traditional gods in symbolic form such as stone blocks or pillars, during the Hellenistic period they began to identify their gods with Greek gods and depict them in figurative forms influenced by Greek sculpture. Nabatean art shows Greek influences and paintings have been found depicting Dionysian scenes. They also slowly adopted Greek as a language of commerce along with Aramaic and Arabic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Mark Kelly (bassist)", "paragraph_text": "Mark Dean Kelly (born June 28, 1956) is a Christian bass guitarist most remembered for being a member of Petra during the 1980s. Kelly joined Petra in 1981 and recorded seven albums with them before retiring in 1988, being replaced by Ronny Cates.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Parliament of Jordan", "paragraph_text": "As a developing constitutional monarchy, Jordan has survived the trials and tribulations of Middle Eastern politics. The Jordanian public has experienced limited democracy since gaining independence in 1946 however the population has not suffered as others have under dictatorships imposed by some Arab regimes. The 1952 Constitution provided for citizens of Jordan to form and join political parties. Such rights were suspended in 1967 when a state of emergency was declared and martial law and suspension of Parliament, continuing until it was repealed in 1989.", "is_supporting": true } ]

[ { "id": 57514, "question": "where is petra the lost city of stone", "answer": "Jordan", "paragraph_support_idx": 6 }, { "id": 160063, "question": "When did #1 gain independence?", "answer": "1946", "paragraph_support_idx": 19 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Giuseppe Mazzini", "paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Mazzini (Italian pronunciation: (dʒuˈzɛppe matˈtsiːni); 22 June 1805 -- 10 March 1872) was an Italian politician, journalist and activist for the unification of Italy and spearheaded the Italian revolutionary movement. His efforts helped bring about the independent and unified Italy in place of the several separate states, many dominated by foreign powers, that existed until the 19th century. He also helped define the modern European movement for popular democracy in a republican state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Giuseppe Sirtori", "paragraph_text": "Giuseppe Sirtori (17 April 1813 – 18 September 1874) was an Italian soldier, patriot and politician who fought in the unification of Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Pizza Margherita", "paragraph_text": "A widespread belief says that in June 1889 the pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito, Pizzeria Brandi's chef, invented a dish called ``Pizza Margherita ''in honor of the Queen of Italy, Margherita of Savoy, and the Italian unification, since toppings are tomato (red), mozzarella (white) and basil (green), representing the same colors of the national flag of Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Albanian Fascist Party", "paragraph_text": "The Albanian Fascist Party (, or PFSh) was a Fascist organization active during World War II which held nominal power in Albania from 1939, when the country was conquered by Italy, until 1943, when Italy capitulated to the Allies. Afterwards, Albania fell under German occupation, and the PFSh was replaced by the Guard of Greater Albania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Kingdom of Italy", "paragraph_text": "Upon unifying, Italy had a predominantly agrarian society as 60% of the active population worked in agriculture. Advances in technology, the sale of vast Church estates, foreign competition along with export opportunities rapidly transformed the agricultural sector in Italy shortly after unification. However, these developments did not benefit all of Italy in this period, as southern Italy's agriculture suffered from hot summers and aridity damaged crops while the presence of malaria prevented cultivation of low-lying areas along Italy's Adriatic Sea coast.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Crimean War", "paragraph_text": "Although it was Russia that was punished by the Paris Treaty, in the long run it was Austria that lost the most from the Crimean War despite having barely taken part in it.:433 Having abandoned its alliance with Russia, Austria was diplomatically isolated following the war,:433 which contributed to its disastrous defeats in the 1859 Franco-Austrian War that resulted in the cession of Lombardy to the Kingdom of Sardinia, and later in the loss of the Habsburg rule of Tuscany and Modena, which meant the end of Austrian influence in Italy. Furthermore, Russia did not do anything to assist its former ally, Austria, in the 1866 Austro-Prussian War:433 with its loss of Venetia and more important than that, its influence in most German-speaking lands. The status of Austria as a great power, with the unifications of Germany and Italy was now severely questioned. It had to compromise with Hungary, the two countries shared the Danubian Empire and Austria slowly became a little more than a German satellite. With France now hostile to Germany, allied with Russia, and Russia competing with the newly renamed Austro-Hungarian Empire for an increased role in the Balkans at the expense of the Ottoman Empire, the foundations were in place for creating the diplomatic alliances that would lead to World War I.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "William I, German Emperor", "paragraph_text": "William I, or in German Wilhelm I. (full name: William Frederick Louis of Hohenzollern, German: Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig von Hohenzollern, 22 March 1797 -- 9 March 1888), of the House of Hohenzollern was King of Prussia from 2 January 1861 and the first German Emperor from 18 January 1871 to his death, the first Head of State of a united Germany. Under the leadership of William and his Minister President Otto von Bismarck, Prussia achieved the unification of Germany and the establishment of the German Empire. Despite his long support of Bismarck as Minister President, William held strong reservations about some of Bismarck's more reactionary policies, including his anti-Catholicism and tough handling of subordinates. In contrast to the domineering Bismarck, William was described as polite, gentlemanly and, while a staunch conservative, more open to certain classical liberal ideas than his grandson Wilhelm II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Blood and Iron (speech)", "paragraph_text": "Blood and Iron (German: Blut und Eisen) is the title of a speech by Minister President of Prussia Otto von Bismarck given in 1862 about the unification of the German territories. It is also a transposed phrase that Bismarck uttered near the end of the speech that has become one of his most widely known quotations.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Kingdom of Italy", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia) was a state which existed from 1861 -- when King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy -- until 1946 -- when a constitutional referendum led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic. The state was founded as a result of the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which can be considered its legal predecessor state.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "Italian unification was the political and social movement that annexed different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of Italy in the 19th century. There is a lack of consensus on the exact dates for the beginning and the end of this period, but many scholars agree that the process began with the end of Napoleonic rule and the Congress of Vienna in 1815, and approximately ended with the Franco-Prussian War in 1871, though the last città irredente did not join the Kingdom of Italy until after World War I.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Snow White", "paragraph_text": "``Snow White ''is a 19th - century German fairy tale which is today known widely across the Western world. The Brothers Grimm published it in 1812 in the first edition of their collection Grimms' Fairy Tales. It was titled in German: Sneewittchen (in modern orthography Schneewittchen) and numbered as Tale 53. The name Sneewittchen was Low German and in the first version it was translated with Schneeweißchen. The Grimms completed their final revision of the story in 1854.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "A three-year civil war followed his death. By the Treaty of Verdun (843), a kingdom between the Rhine and Rhone rivers was created for Lothair to go with his lands in Italy, and his imperial title was recognised. Louis the German was in control of Bavaria and the eastern lands in modern-day Germany. Charles the Bald received the western Frankish lands, comprising most of modern-day France. Charlemagne's grandsons and great-grandsons divided their kingdoms between their descendants, eventually causing all internal cohesion to be lost.[N] In 987 the Carolingian dynasty was replaced in the western lands, with the crowning of Hugh Capet (r. 987–996) as king.[O][P] In the eastern lands the dynasty had died out earlier, in 911, with the death of Louis the Child, and the selection of the unrelated Conrad I (r. 911–918) as king.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Black Death", "paragraph_text": "From Italy, the disease spread northwest across Europe, striking France, Spain, Portugal and England by June 1348, then turned and spread east through Germany and Scandinavia from 1348 to 1350. It was introduced in Norway in 1349 when a ship landed at Askøy, then spread to Bjørgvin (modern Bergen) and Iceland. Finally it spread to northwestern Russia in 1351. The plague was somewhat less common in parts of Europe that had smaller trade relations with their neighbours, including the Kingdom of Poland, the majority of the Basque Country, isolated parts of Belgium and the Netherlands, and isolated alpine villages throughout the continent.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of France", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and attempted an invasion of France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Germans", "paragraph_text": "The Napoleonic Wars were the cause of the final dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, and ultimately the cause for the quest for a German nation state in 19th-century German nationalism. After the Congress of Vienna, Austria and Prussia emerged as two competitors. Austria, trying to remain the dominant power in Central Europe, led the way in the terms of the Congress of Vienna. The Congress of Vienna was essentially conservative, assuring that little would change in Europe and preventing Germany from uniting. These terms came to a sudden halt following the Revolutions of 1848 and the Crimean War in 1856, paving the way for German unification in the 1860s. By the 1820s, large numbers of Jewish German women had intermarried with Christian German men and had converted to Christianity. Jewish German Eduard Lasker was a prominent German nationalist figure who promoted the unification of Germany in the mid-19th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Curt Valentin", "paragraph_text": "Curt Valentin (5 October 1902, Hamburg, Germany – 19 August 1954, Forte dei Marmi, Italy) was a German-Jewish art dealer known for handling modern art, particularly sculpture, and works classified as \"degenerate\" by the Nazi regime in pre-war Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Arthur Hoerl", "paragraph_text": "Arthur Hoerl (December 17, 1891 – February 6, 1968) was an American screenwriter and film director. Hoerl was born in New York, son of Louis Hoerl, a German immigrant silver polisher, and Teresa Hoerl. Arthur completed three years of high school, according to the 1940 US Census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Unification of Germany", "paragraph_text": "The unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January 1871, in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles in France. Princes of the German states, excluding Austria, gathered there to proclaim Wilhelm I of Prussia as German Emperor after the French capitulation in the Franco - Prussian War. Unofficially, the de facto transition of most of the German - speaking populations into a federated organization of states had been developing for some time through alliances formal and informal between princely rulers -- but in fits and starts; self - interests of the various parties hampered the process over nearly a century of autocratic experimentation, beginning in the era of the Napoleonic Wars, which saw the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (1806), and the subsequent rise of German nationalism.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kingdom of England", "paragraph_text": "During the following years Northumbria repeatedly changed hands between the English kings and the Norwegian invaders, but was definitively brought under English control by Eadred in 954, completing the unification of England. At about this time, Lothian, the northern part of Northumbria (Roman Bernicia), was ceded to the Kingdom of Scotland. On 12 July 927 the monarchs of Britain gathered at Eamont in Cumbria to recognise Æthelstan as king of the English. This can be considered England's' foundation date ', although the process of unification had taken almost 100 years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "The Franco-Prussian War was a conflict between France and Prussia, while Prussia was backed up by the North German Confederation, of which it was a member, and the South German states of Baden, Württemberg and Bavaria. The complete Prussian and German victory brought about the final unification of Germany under King Wilhelm I of Prussia. It also marked the downfall of Napoleon III and the end of the Second French Empire, which was replaced by the Third Republic. As part of the settlement, almost all of the territory of Alsace-Lorraine was taken by Prussia to become a part of Germany, which it would retain until the end of World War I.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 10564, "question": "In what modern country were Louis the German's lands?", "answer": "Germany", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 89078, "question": "when was the unification of #1 and italy completed", "answer": "18 January 1871", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "History of London", "paragraph_text": "During the 19th century, London was transformed into the world's largest city and capital of the British Empire. Its population expanded from 1 million in 1800 to 6.7 million a century later. During this period, London became a global political, financial, and trading capital. In this position, it was largely unrivalled until the latter part of the century, when Paris and New York began to threaten its dominance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "History of Brazil", "paragraph_text": "The first European to colonize what is now the Federative Republic of Brazil on the continent of South America was Pedro Álvares Cabral (c. 1467 / 1468 - c. 1520) on April 22, 1500 under the sponsorship of the Kingdom of Portugal. From the 16th to the early 19th century, Brazil was a colony and a part of the Portuguese Empire. The country expanded south along the coast and west along the Amazon and other inland rivers from the original 15 donatary captaincy colonies established on the northeast Atlantic coast east of the Tordesillas Line of 1494 (approximately the 46th meridian west) that divided the Portuguese domain to the east from the Spanish domain to the west. The country's borders were only finalized in the early 20th century.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "History of India", "paragraph_text": "In 530 BC Cyrus the Great, King of the Persian Achaemenid Empire crossed the Hindu-Kush mountains to seek tribute from the tribes of Kamboja, Gandhara and the trans-India region (modern Afghanistan and Pakistan). By 520 BC, during the reign of Darius I of Persia, much of the northwestern subcontinent (present-day eastern Afghanistan and Pakistan) came under the rule of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, as part of the far easternmost territories. The area remained under Persian control for two centuries. During this time India supplied mercenaries to the Persian army then fighting in Greece.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Shiraz, with a population of around 1.4 million (2011 census), is the sixth major city of Iran. It is the capital of Fars Province, and was also a former capital of Iran. The area was greatly influenced by the Babylonian civilization, and after the emergence of the ancient Persians, soon came to be known as Persis. Persians were present in the region since the 9th century BC, and became rulers of a large empire under the reign of the Achaemenid Dynasty in the 6th century BC. The ruins of Persepolis and Pasargadae, two of the four capitals of the Achaemenid Empire, are located around the modern-day city of Shiraz.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "After defeating the Visigoths in only a few months, the Umayyad Caliphate started expanding rapidly in the peninsula. Beginning in 711, the land that is now Portugal became part of the vast Umayyad Caliphate's empire of Damascus, which stretched from the Indus river in the Indian sub-continent (now Pakistan) up to the South of France, until its collapse in 750. That year the west of the empire gained its independence under Abd-ar-Rahman I with the establishment of the Emirate of Córdoba. After almost two centuries, the Emirate became the Caliphate of Córdoba in 929, until its dissolution a century later in 1031 into no less than 23 small kingdoms, called Taifa kingdoms.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Pisidia", "paragraph_text": "Pisidia (; , \"Pisidía\"; ) was a region of ancient Asia Minor located north of Lycia, bordering Caria, Lydia, Phrygia and Pamphylia, and corresponding roughly to the modern-day province of Antalya in Turkey. Among Pisidia's settlements were Antioch(ia in Pisidia), Termessos, Cremna, Sagalassos, Etenna, Neapolis, Selge, Tyriacum, Laodiceia Katakekaumene and Philomelium.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "In the next centuries, Armenia was in the Persian Empire's sphere of influence during the reign of Tiridates I, the founder of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, which itself was a branch of the eponymous Arsacid dynasty of Parthia. Throughout its history, the kingdom of Armenia enjoyed both periods of independence and periods of autonomy subject to contemporary empires. Its strategic location between two continents has subjected it to invasions by many peoples, including the Assyrians (under Ashurbanipal, at around 669–627 BC, the boundaries of the Assyrian Empire reached as far as Armenia & the Caucasus Mountains), Medes, Achaemenid Persians, Greeks, Parthians, Romans, Sassanid Persians, Byzantines, Arabs, Seljuks, Mongols, Ottomans, successive Iranian Safavids, Afsharids, and Qajars, and the Russians.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Proto-Elamite and Elamite kingdoms in 3200–2800 BC. The Iranian Medes unified the area into the first of many empires in 625 BC, after which it became the dominant cultural and political power in the region. Iran reached the pinnacle of its power during the Achaemenid Empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC, which at its greatest extent comprised major portions of the ancient world, stretching from parts of the Balkans (Thrace-Macedonia, Bulgaria-Paeonia) and Eastern Europe proper in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east, making it the largest empire the world had yet seen. The empire collapsed in 330 BC following the conquests of Alexander the Great. The Parthian Empire emerged from the ashes and was succeeded by the Sassanid Dynasty in 224 AD, under which Iran again became one of the leading powers in the world, along with the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than four centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bismarck monument", "paragraph_text": "From 1868 onwards, Bismarck monuments were erected in many parts of the German Empire in honour of the long-serving Prussian minister-president and first German \"Reichskanzler\", Prince Otto von Bismarck. Today some of these monuments are on the soil of other countries including France, Poland and Russia as well as the former German colonies on other continents.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Hellenistic period", "paragraph_text": "Philip II was a strong and expansionist king and he took every opportunity to expand Macedonian territory. In 352 BC he annexed Thessaly and Magnesia. In 338 BC, Philip defeated a combined Theban and Athenian army at the Battle of Chaeronea after a decade of desultory conflict. In the aftermath, Philip formed the League of Corinth, effectively bringing the majority of Greece under his direct sway. He was elected Hegemon of the league, and a campaign against the Achaemenid Empire of Persia was planned. However, while this campaign was in its early stages, he was assassinated.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "History of Iran", "paragraph_text": "The Persian Empire (Persian: شاهنشاهی ایران ‎, translit. Šâhanšâhiye Irân, lit. 'Imperial Iran') refers to any of a series of imperial dynasties that were centred in Persia / Iran from the 6th - century - BC Achaemenid Empire era to the 20th century AD in the Qajar dynasty era.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Australia (continent)", "paragraph_text": "New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "2,500 year celebration of the Persian Empire", "paragraph_text": "The 2,500 year celebration of the Persian Empire (), officially known as the 2,500th year of Foundation of Imperial State of Iran (), consisted of an elaborate set of festivities that took place on 12–16 October 1971 to celebrate the anniversary of the founding of the Imperial State of Iran and the Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus the Great. The intent of the celebration was to demonstrate Iran's ancient civilization and history and to showcase its contemporary advances under His Imperial Majesty Mohammad Reza Shah, the last Shah of Iran.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Jews", "paragraph_text": "Israelites enjoyed political independence twice in ancient history, first during the periods of the Biblical judges followed by the United Monarchy.[disputed – discuss] After the fall of the United Monarchy the land was divided into Israel and Judah. The term Jew originated from the Roman \"Judean\" and denoted someone from the southern kingdom of Judah. The shift of ethnonym from \"Israelites\" to \"Jews\" (inhabitant of Judah), although not contained in the Torah, is made explicit in the Book of Esther (4th century BCE), a book in the Ketuvim, the third section of the Jewish Tanakh. In 587 BC Nebuchadnezzar II, King of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, besieged Jerusalem, destroyed the First Temple, and deported the most prominent citizens of Judah. In 586 BC, Judah itself ceased to be an independent kingdom, and its remaining Jews were left stateless. The Babylonian exile ended in 539 BCE when the Achaemenid Empire conquered Babylon and Cyrus the Great allowed the exiled Jews to return to Yehud and rebuild their Temple. The Second Temple was completed in 515 BCE. Yehud province was a peaceful part of the Achaemenid Empire until the fall of the Empire in c. 333 BCE to Alexander the Great. Jews were also politically independent during the Hasmonean dynasty spanning from 140 to 37 BCE and to some degree under the Herodian dynasty from 37 BCE to 6 CE. Since the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, most Jews have lived in diaspora. As an ethnic minority in every country in which they live (except Israel), they have frequently experienced persecution throughout history, resulting in a population that has fluctuated both in numbers and distribution over the centuries.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 550 BC, Cyrus the Great, son of Mandane and Cambyses I, took over the Median Empire, and founded the Achaemenid Empire by unifying other city states. The conquest of Media was a result of what is called the Persian Revolt. The brouhaha was initially triggered by the actions of the Median ruler Astyages, and was quickly spread to other provinces, as they allied with the Persians. Later conquests under Cyrus and his successors expanded the empire to include Lydia, Babylon, Egypt, parts of the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper, as well as the lands to the west of the Indus and Oxus rivers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Iran", "paragraph_text": "In 334 BC, Alexander the Great invaded the Achaemenid Empire, defeating the last Achaemenid emperor, Darius III, at the Battle of Issus. Following the premature death of Alexander, Iran came under the control of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire. In the middle of the 2nd century BC, the Parthian Empire rose to become the main power in Iran, and the century-long geopolitical arch-rivalry between Romans and Parthians began, culminating in the Roman–Parthian Wars. The Parthian Empire continued as a feudal monarchy for nearly five centuries, until 224 CE, when it was succeeded by the Sassanid Empire. Together with their neighboring arch-rival, the Roman-Byzantines, they made up the world's two most dominant powers at the time, for over four centuries.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Esther", "paragraph_text": "Esther Queen of Persia Queen Esther (1879) by Edwin Long Queen of Persia Reign c. 479 -- c. 465 BC Coronation c. 479 Predecessor Vashti Hadassah c. 492 BC Achaemenid Empire Burial Hamadan, Iran Spouse King Xerxes I of Persia House Persia Father Abihail (biological), Mordecai (adoptive) Religion Judaism", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Ottoman Empire", "paragraph_text": "The Ottoman Navy vastly contributed to the expansion of the Empire's territories on the European continent. It initiated the conquest of North Africa, with the addition of Algeria and Egypt to the Ottoman Empire in 1517. Starting with the loss of Greece in 1821 and Algeria in 1830, Ottoman naval power and control over the Empire's distant overseas territories began to decline. Sultan Abdülaziz (reigned 1861–1876) attempted to reestablish a strong Ottoman navy, building the largest fleet after those of Britain and France. The shipyard at Barrow, England, built its first submarine in 1886 for the Ottoman Empire.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Armenia", "paragraph_text": "During the late 6th century BC, the first geographical entity that was called Armenia by neighboring populations was established under the Orontid Dynasty within the Achaemenid Empire, as part of the latters' territories. The kingdom became fully sovereign from the sphere of influence of the Seleucid Empire in 190 BC under King Artaxias I and begun the rule of the Artaxiad dynasty. Armenia reached its height between 95 and 66 BC under Tigranes the Great, becoming the most powerful kingdom of its time east of the Roman Republic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tajikistan", "paragraph_text": "The earliest recorded history of the region dates back to about 500 BCE when much, if not all, of modern Tajikistan was part of the Achaemenid Empire. Some authors have also suggested that in the 7th and 6th century BCE parts of modern Tajikistan, including territories in the Zeravshan valley, formed part of Kambojas before it became part of the Achaemenid Empire. After the region's conquest by Alexander the Great it became part of the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, a successor state of Alexander's empire. Northern Tajikistan (the cities of Khujand and Panjakent) was part of Sogdia, a collection of city-states which was overrun by Scythians and Yuezhi nomadic tribes around 150 BCE. The Silk Road passed through the region and following the expedition of Chinese explorer Zhang Qian during the reign of Wudi (141–87 BCE) commercial relations between Han China and Sogdiana flourished. Sogdians played a major role in facilitating trade and also worked in other capacities, as farmers, carpetweavers, glassmakers, and woodcarvers.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 100474, "question": "What continent can you find Pisidia?", "answer": "Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 }, { "id": 35202, "question": "The Achaemenid Empire expanded into what part of #1 ?", "answer": "Central Asia", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ghana national football team", "paragraph_text": "Although the team qualified for the senior FIFA World Cup for the first time in 2006, they had qualified for four Olympic Games Football Tournaments when the tournament was still a full senior national team competition; their best achievement was the third position at the 1992 Summer Olympics. The team has won the Africa Cup of Nations four times (in 1963, 1965, 1978, and 1982) and has been runner - up 5 times (in 1968, 1970, 1992, 2010, and 2015). After going through 2005 unbeaten, the Ghana national football team won the FIFA Best Mover of the Year Award and reached the second round of the 2006 FIFA World Cup. At the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, they became only the third African team to reach the World Cup quarter - finals, and in 2014 they competed in their third consecutive World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Association football", "paragraph_text": "The major international competition in football is the World Cup, organised by FIFA. This competition takes place every four years since 1930 with the exception of 1942 and 1946 tournaments, which were cancelled due to World War II. Approximately 190–200 national teams compete in qualifying tournaments within the scope of continental confederations for a place in the finals. The finals tournament, which is held every four years, involves 32 national teams competing over a four-week period. The World Cup is the most prestigious association football tournament in the world as well as the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games; the cumulative audience of all matches of the 2006 FIFA World Cup was estimated to be 26.29 billion with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the final match, a ninth of the entire population of the planet. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. FIFA Women's World Cup has been held every four years since 1991. Under the tournament's current format, national teams vie for 23 slots in a three-year qualification phase. (The host nation's team is automatically entered as the 24th slot.) The current champion is the United States, after winning their third title in the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Germany at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "For Germany's World Cup history, FIFA considers only the teams managed by the Deutscher Fußball - Bund, comprising three different periods: Germany (during Nazi era), West Germany and reunified Germany. The Germany national football team is one of the most successful national teams at the FIFA World Cup, winning four titles, earning second - place and third - place finishes four times each and one fourth - place finish. If you consider 3rd place or better for a winning campaign, Germany's 12 victories in 18 tournaments -- a 66.6667 percent success rate -- surpasses every other team. In addition, Germany are the only team which has stood on the podium (3rd place or better) every decade they entered the tournament -- 1930s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Along with Argentina, Brazil and Spain, they are one of the four national teams to win outside their continental confederation, with the title of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in South America. The team was present in 19 out of the 21 tournaments, the second most frequent, and only once did not reach the quarterfinals, in 1938. With this, Germany's 8th place or better (quarterfinals) in 17 out of 18 tournaments (94%) ranks highest in FIFA World Cup Finals history. It makes Germany the better team in the history of the tournament in terms of final positions, if points were awarded proportionally for a title, runner - up finish, third - place finish, semi-final and quarter - final appearances.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "2014 FIFA World Cup Copa do Mundo da FIFA Brasil 2014 2014 FIFA World Cup official logo Juntos num só ritmo (Together in one rhythm) Tournament details Host country Brazil Dates 12 June -- 13 July Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 12 host cities) Final positions Champions Germany (4th title) Runners - up Argentina Third place Netherlands Fourth place Brazil Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 171 (2.67 per match) Attendance 3,429,873 (53,592 per match) Top scorer (s) James Rodríguez (6 goals) Best player (s) Lionel Messi Best young player Paul Pogba Best goalkeeper Manuel Neuer Fair play award Colombia ← 2010 2018 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process was a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which would play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the qualifying process, and for the first time in World Cup history, all eligible national teams registered for the preliminary competition, but Zimbabwe and Indonesia were disqualified before playing their first matches. Bhutan, South Sudan, Gibraltar and Kosovo made their FIFA World Cup qualification debuts. Myanmar, having successfully appealed against a ban from the competition for crowd trouble during a 2014 World Cup qualifying tie against Oman, were obliged to play all their home matches outside the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "2018 FIFA World Cup Чемпионат мира по футболу FIFA 2018 Chempionat mira po futbolu FIFA 2018 2018 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host country Russia Dates 14 June -- 15 July Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 11 host cities) Final positions Champions France (2nd title) Runners - up Croatia Third place Belgium Fourth place England Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 169 (2.64 per match) Attendance 3,031,768 (47,371 per match) Top scorer (s) Harry Kane (6 goals) Best player (s) Luka Modrić Best young player Kylian Mbappé Best goalkeeper Thibaut Courtois Fair play award Spain ← 2014 2022 →", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2002 FIFA World Cup was the 17th staging of the FIFA World Cup which took place from 31 May to 30 June 2002 in South Korea and Japan. This world cup set a number of precedents. It was the first World Cup to be held in Asia. No previous World Cup was held on a continent other than Europe or the Americas. It was also the first World Cup to be jointly hosted by more than one nation. Finally, this was the last event to use the golden goal rule. Brazil won the tournament for a record fifth time, winning the final against Germany 2 -- 0. The victory meant Brazil qualified for the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup for the fifth time, representing the World. In the third place play - off match against South Korea, Turkey won 3 -- 2 taking third place in only their second ever FIFA World Cup finals. China PR, Ecuador, Senegal and Slovenia made their first appearances at the finals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "Russia was announced as the hosts on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time the Confederations Cup has been held in the European continent. As hosts, Russia qualified automatically for the tournament; they were joined by the six winners of the FIFA confederation championships and the 2014 FIFA World Cup champions, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "2016 FIFA Club World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 FIFA Club World Cup (officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Japan 2016 presented by Alibaba YunOS Auto for sponsorship reasons) was the 13th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, a FIFA - organised international club football tournament between the champion clubs from each of the six continental confederations, as well as the national league champion from the host country. The tournament was hosted by Japan. Real Madrid won their second Club World Cup, defeating hosts Kashima Antlers in the final.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "2002 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "2002 FIFA World Cup 2002 FIFA 월드컵한국 / 일본 2002 FIFA Woldeu Keob Hanguk / Ilbon 2002 FIFA ワールドカップ韓国 / 日本 2002 FIFA Waarudo Kappu Kankoku / Nihon 2002 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host countries South Korea Japan Dates 31 May -- 30 June Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 20 (in 20 host cities) Final positions Champions Brazil (5th title) Runners - up Germany Third place Turkey Fourth place South Korea Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 161 (2.52 per match) Attendance 2,705,197 (42,269 per match) Top scorer (s) Ronaldo (8 goals) Best player Oliver Kahn Best young player Landon Donovan Best goalkeeper Oliver Kahn Fair play award Belgium ← 1998 2006 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on September 1 and ended on September 11, 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010. Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2014 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "2014 FIFA World Cup Copa do Mundo da FIFA Brasil 2014 2014 FIFA World Cup official logo Juntos num só ritmo (Together in one rhythm) Tournament details Host country Brazil Dates 12 June -- 13 July Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 12 host cities) Final positions Champions Germany (4th title) Runners - up Argentina Third place Netherlands Fourth place Brazil Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 171 (2.67 per match) Attendance 3,429,873 (53,592 per match) Top scorer (s) James Rodríguez (6 goals) Best player Lionel Messi Best young player Paul Pogba Best goalkeeper Manuel Neuer Fair play award Colombia ← 2010 2018 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Association football", "paragraph_text": "After the World Cup, the most important international football competitions are the continental championships, which are organised by each continental confederation and contested between national teams. These are the European Championship (UEFA), the Copa América (CONMEBOL), African Cup of Nations (CAF), the Asian Cup (AFC), the CONCACAF Gold Cup (CONCACAF) and the OFC Nations Cup (OFC). The FIFA Confederations Cup is contested by the winners of all six continental championships, the current FIFA World Cup champions and the country which is hosting the Confederations Cup. This is generally regarded as a warm-up tournament for the upcoming FIFA World Cup and does not carry the same prestige as the World Cup itself. The most prestigious competitions in club football are the respective continental championships, which are generally contested between national champions, for example the UEFA Champions League in Europe and the Copa Libertadores in South America. The winners of each continental competition contest the FIFA Club World Cup.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Croatia national football team", "paragraph_text": "Croatia qualified for and competed in three consecutive World Cup tournaments between 1998 and 2006, but failed to qualify for the 2010 World Cup in South Africa after finishing 3rd in Group 6 behind England and Ukraine. Although they had joined both FIFA and UEFA by 1992, they were unable to enter the 1994 World Cup as qualification had started before the side was officially recognised as a state. In the following three World Cup groups they were eliminated after finishing third in all of them, before finally advancing further than the group stage at the 2018 World Cup. On 11 July 2018, Croatia won their semi-final match against England, advancing the national team to their first FIFA World Cup final wherein they secured second place as runners - up against winners France. Supplanting their third place positioning in 1998, this is the nation's best performance to date.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "1990 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "1990 FIFA World Cup Coppa del Mondo FIFA Italia '90 1990 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host country Italy Dates 8 June -- 8 July (31 days) Teams 24 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 12 (in 12 host cities) Final positions Champions West Germany (3rd title) Runners - up Argentina Third place Italy Fourth place England Tournament statistics Matches played 52 Goals scored 115 (2.21 per match) Attendance 2,516,215 (48,389 per match) Top scorer (s) Salvatore Schillaci (6 goals) Best player Salvatore Schillaci Best young player Robert Prosinečki Fair play award England ← 1986 1994 →", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Germany at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "For Germany's World Cup history, FIFA considers only the teams managed by the Deutscher Fußball - Bund, comprising three periods: Germany (during Nazi era), West Germany and reunified Germany. The Germany national football team is one of the most successful national teams at the FIFA World Cup, winning four titles, earning second - place and third - place finishes four times each and one fourth - place finish. If you consider 3rd place or better for a winning campaign, Germany's 12 victories in 19 tournaments add up to at least three more than any other nation. In addition, Germany are the only team which has stood on the podium (3rd place or better) every decade there was a tournament held -- 1930s, 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Along with Argentina, Brazil and Spain, they are one of the four national teams to win outside their continental confederation, with the title of the 2014 FIFA World Cup in South America. The team was present in 19 out of the 21 tournaments, the second most frequent, and only did not reach the quarterfinals twice, in 1938 and 2018. With this, Germany's 8th place or better (quarterfinals) in 17 out of 19 tournaments (89%) ranks highest in FIFA World Cup Finals history. It makes Germany the better team in the history of the tournament in terms of final positions, if points were awarded proportionally for a title, runner - up finish, third - place finish, semi-final and quarter - final appearances.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "2017 FIFA Confederations Cup", "paragraph_text": "Russia was announced as the host on 2 December 2010 after the country was awarded the hosting rights of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The matches were played in four different stadiums across four cities: Saint Petersburg, Moscow, Kazan, and Sochi. It was the first time Russia has hosted the tournament, and the third time the Confederations Cup has been held in the European continent. As hosts, Russia qualified automatically for the tournament; they were joined by the six winners of the FIFA confederation championships and the 2014 FIFA World Cup champions, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process is a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which will play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the qualifying process, and for the first time in World Cup history, all eligible national teams registered for the preliminary competition, but Zimbabwe and Indonesia were disqualified before playing their first matches. Bhutan, South Sudan, Gibraltar and Kosovo made their FIFA World Cup qualification debuts. Myanmar, having successfully appealed against a ban from the competition for crowd trouble during a 2014 World Cup qualifying tie against Oman, were obliged to play all their home matches outside the country.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "2018 FIFA World Cup qualification", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification process is a series of tournaments organised by the six FIFA confederations to decide 31 of the 32 teams which will play in the 2018 FIFA World Cup, with Russia qualifying automatically as hosts. All 210 remaining FIFA member associations were eligible to enter the qualifying process, and for the first time in World Cup history, all eligible national teams registered for the preliminary competition, but Zimbabwe and Indonesia were disqualified before playing their first matches. Bhutan, South Sudan, Gibraltar and Kosovo made their FIFA World Cup qualification debuts.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "1966 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "1966 FIFA World Cup 1966 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host country England Dates 11 -- 30 July (20 days) Teams 16 (from 4 confederations) Venue (s) 8 (in 7 host cities) Final positions Champions England (1st title) Runners - up West Germany Third place Portugal Fourth place Soviet Union Tournament statistics Matches played 32 Goals scored 89 (2.78 per match) Attendance 1,563,135 (48,848 per match) Top scorer (s) Eusébio (9 goals) Best player Bobby Charlton Best young player Franz Beckenbauer ← 1962 1970 →", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 35466, "question": "The FIFA Confederations Cups is usually considered a warm-up for what?", "answer": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 46468, "question": "who won third place in #1 2018", "answer": "Belgium", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

[ "BEL", "be" ]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Area code 951", "paragraph_text": "Area code 951 is a California telephone area code that was split from area code 909 on July 17, 2004. It covers western Riverside County, including, Beaumont, Corona, Canyon Lake, Riverside, Temescal Canyon, Woodcrest, Arlington, Mira Loma, Moreno Valley, Perris, Sun City, Lake Elsinore, Wildomar, Murrieta, Temecula, San Jacinto, Hemet, Lakeview, Nuevo, Norco, Banning, Eastvale, Quail Valley, and Idyllwild.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fraser spiral illusion", "paragraph_text": "The Fraser spiral illusion is an optical illusion that was first described by the British psychologist Sir James Fraser (1863 – 1936) in 1908.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Calaveritas, California", "paragraph_text": "Calaveritas (\"little skulls\" in Spanish; formerly, Upper Calaveritas) is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It sits on the banks of the Calaveritas Creek at an elevation of 1,109 feet (338 m) above sea level and is located at . The community is in ZIP code 95249 and area code 209.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Area code 604", "paragraph_text": "Area code 604 is a telephone area code that serves southwestern British Columbia: the Lower Mainland, Sunshine Coast, Howe Sound / Sea to Sky Corridor, Fraser Valley and the lower Fraser Canyon regions. It primarily serves the city of Vancouver and surrounding regions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Area code 404", "paragraph_text": "Area code 404 of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) identifies a numbering plan area (NPA) that covers Atlanta, Georgia and its closest suburbs, roughly the area encircled by Interstate 285. It is an enclave area code, completely surrounded by area code 770, which serves most of Atlanta's suburbs. Both 404 and 770 are overlaid by area codes 678 and 470.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Telephone numbers in Switzerland", "paragraph_text": "The Swiss telephone numbering plan implements the ITU - T recommendation E. 164 and is designated E. 164 / 2002, based on its last major revision in 2002. It is a closed numbering plan, which means that all telephone numbers, including the area code, have a fixed number of digits. Swiss area codes are officially termed national destination codes (NDC). A complete telephone number consists of ten digits: 0xx xxx xx xx. Two formats are distinguished: three digits for the NDC and seven digits for the subscriber number, and four digits for the NDC and six digits for the subscriber number. However, a few exceptions exist.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Woodstock, New Brunswick", "paragraph_text": "Woodstock Town On the Saint John River Logo Nickname (s): Service center of the valley Motto (s): New Brunswick's First Town Location of Woodstock in New Brunswick Coordinates: 46 ° 09 ′ 42 ''N 67 ° 35 ′ 11'' W  /  46.16176 ° N 67.58647 ° W  / 46.16176; - 67.58647 Country Canada Province New Brunswick County Carleton County Parish Woodstock Parish Incorporated May 1, 1856 Government Type Council -- manager government Mayor Arthur L. Slipp Councillors Amy Anderson, Catherine L. Sutherland, Randy Leonard, Bill Hogan, Theresa E. Blackburn, Jeff G Bradbury Chief Administrative Officer John Pinsent Area Total 13.41 km (5.18 sq mi) Elevation 36 to 85 m (118 to 279 ft) Population (2016) Total 5,228 Density 391.7 / km (1,014 / sq mi) Change 2006 - 11 2.8% Time zone AST (UTC - 4) Summer (DST) ADT (UTC - 3) Canadian Postal code E 7M Area code (s) 506 Telephone Exchange (s) 328, 325, 324, 612, 594 NTS Map 021J04 GNBC Code DAWNW Website http://town.woodstock.nb.ca", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Area codes 740 and 220", "paragraph_text": "North American Area code 740 is a telephone area code serving southeastern and central Ohio. (Columbus and rate centers in Franklin County use the 614 area code.) 740 is the area code in the Ohio cities of Athens, Belpre, Chillicothe, Circleville, Coshocton, Delaware, Gallipolis, Heath, Ironton, Jackson, Lancaster, Laurelville, Logan, Marietta, Marion, Mount Vernon, Nelsonville, Newark, Newcomerstown, Pataskala, Portsmouth, Rockbridge, Steubenville, Washington Court House, Zanesville, Shadyside and surrounding areas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "ASCII", "paragraph_text": "ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network. TWX originally used the earlier five-bit ITA2, which was also used by the competing Telex teleprinter system. Bob Bemer introduced features such as the escape sequence. His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work – according to Bemer, \"so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe\". Because of his extensive work on ASCII, Bemer has been called \"the father of ASCII.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Telephone numbers in Hong Kong", "paragraph_text": "Telephone numbers in Hong Kong are mostly eight - digit. Fixed land line numbers start with 2 or 3, Mobile (cellular) phone numbers with 5, 6 or 9, pager numbers with 7 and forwarding service with 8. Since the end of 1989, there have been no area codes within Hong Kong.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Jastrow illusion", "paragraph_text": "The Jastrow illusion is an optical illusion attributed to the Polish-American psychologist Joseph Jastrow. This optical illusion is known under different names: Ring-Segment illusion, Jastrow illusion, Wundt area illusion or Wundt-Jastrow illusion.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Memory", "paragraph_text": "Short-term memory is also known as working memory. Short-term memory allows recall for a period of several seconds to a minute without rehearsal. Its capacity is also very limited: George A. Miller (1956), when working at Bell Laboratories, conducted experiments showing that the store of short-term memory was 7±2 items (the title of his famous paper, \"The magical number 7±2\"). Modern estimates of the capacity of short-term memory are lower, typically of the order of 4–5 items; however, memory capacity can be increased through a process called chunking. For example, in recalling a ten-digit telephone number, a person could chunk the digits into three groups: first, the area code (such as 123), then a three-digit chunk (456) and lastly a four-digit chunk (7890). This method of remembering telephone numbers is far more effective than attempting to remember a string of 10 digits; this is because we are able to chunk the information into meaningful groups of numbers. This may be reflected in some countries in the tendency to display telephone numbers as several chunks of two to four numbers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Larry Yaji", "paragraph_text": "Larry Tsutomu Yaji (May 10, 1926 – December 30, 2013) was a professional baseball infielder who played for the Nishitetsu Lions in the Japanese Pacific League in 1952. He batted .224 with a .302 on-base percentage, .304 slugging percentage and 28 hits in 55 games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Brooks, California", "paragraph_text": "Brooks is an unincorporated community in Yolo County, California located in the Capay Valley in the northwest of the county. Brooks' ZIP Code is 95606 and its area code 530. The Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation is headquartered in Brooks. The town is home to a large casino Cache Creek Casino Resort. It lies at an elevation of 341 feet (104 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Area code 202", "paragraph_text": "Area code 202 is the North American telephone area code for Washington, D.C.. The area code was one of the original area codes established in October 1947 by AT&T in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Gridino, Yegoryevsky District, Moscow Oblast", "paragraph_text": "Gridino () is a village in Yegoryevsky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Shuvoyka River (Guslitsa River's tributary), in the historical area of Guslitsa. Informally, the village is also known as Gridino-Shuvoye (). Municipally, the village is a part of Shuvoyskoye Rural Settlement (the administrative center of which is the settlement of Shuvoye). Postal code: 140301. Dialing code: +7 49640.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Former Australian dialling codes", "paragraph_text": "In Australia, as in other countries, due to the increase in subscriber uptake of services such as extra telephone lines in homes, mobile phones and other services, the previous numbering plan was being stretched to its limit. It was decided to reduce the number of area codes and lengthen all subscriber numbers by one or two digits. This occurred between 1994 and 1998, and was done progressively to ensure as little inconvenience and confusion as possible. The gradual change was also to avoid number clashes, a situation where two subscribers in two completely different locations have technically the same telephone number if dialled in their entirety. The first numbers to be converted to eight digits were numbers in the 99x xxxx and 99 xxxx ranges in the suburb of Mona Vale in Sydney, which all became 999x xxxx or 9999 xxxx on 25 July 1994. The final codes changed to eight digits were the Queensland (070), (071), (076), (077) and (079) codes, which all changed to (07) 4yxx xxxx on 10 November 1997.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Pope Marcellinus", "paragraph_text": "Pope Marcellinus (died 304) was the Bishop of Rome or Pope from 30 June 296 to his death in 304. According to the \"Liberian Catalogue\", he was a Roman, the son of a certain Projectus. His predecessor was Pope Caius.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Area code 808", "paragraph_text": "The 808 telephone area code covers the inhabited, developed and uninhabited areas of the Hawaiian Islands out to Midway Island and Wake Island. 808 was issued as Hawaii's area code in 1957, not long before its statehood in August of 1959.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Area codes 213 and 323", "paragraph_text": "Area codes 213 and 323 are California telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan. They contain, roughly, the area of central Los Angeles. 213 / 323 also includes several gateway cities of the region, including Bell and Huntington Park. Before being reunited in an overlay in 2017, they were separate area codes, with 213 containing only downtown Los Angeles and its immediately adjoining neighborhoods, with 323 containing the rest of the area.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 51559, "question": "where is the 304 telephone area code located", "answer": "West Virginia", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 128061, "question": "What league was #1 Illusion?", "answer": "W-League", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Potiskum Airstrip", "paragraph_text": "Potiskum Airport is an airstrip serving Potiskum in Nigeria. A second, east/west runway may have been active in the past.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "West Virginia Route 76", "paragraph_text": "West Virginia Route 76 is an east–west state highway in northern West Virginia. The western terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 50 in the shadow of Bridgeport's Benedum Airport. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 119 and U.S. Route 250 three miles (5 km) north of Philippi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Dungeons & Dragons Tactics", "paragraph_text": "Dungeons & Dragons Tactics is a tactical role-playing game released on the PlayStation Portable handheld video game console. It is set in the world of \"Dungeons & Dragons\" and uses a strict interpretation of the \"Dungeons & Dragons 3.5 Edition\" rule set.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Marshall Islands", "paragraph_text": "The Marshall Islands are served by the Marshall Islands International Airport in Majuro, the Bucholz Army Airfield in Kwajalein, and other small airports and airstrips.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Chowchilla Airport", "paragraph_text": "Chowchilla Airport is a public airport located one mile (1.6 km) southeast of Chowchilla, serving Madera County, California, USA. The airport is mostly used for general aviation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Shadows in Bronze", "paragraph_text": "Shadows in Bronze is a 1990 historical mystery crime novel by Lindsey Davis and the second book of the Marcus Didius Falco Mysteries series. Set in Rome, southern Italy, and the Bay of Neapolis during AD 71, just after the year of the four emperors, the novel stars Marcus Didius Falco, informer and imperial agent. The bronze of the title is a statue of a young Helena Justina, Falco's romantic interest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Incheon International Airport", "paragraph_text": "The airport opened for business in early 2001 to replace the older Gimpo International Airport, which now serves mostly domestic destinations plus shuttle flights to alternate airports in China, Japan, and Taiwan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Rabaul Airport", "paragraph_text": "Rabaul Airport, also called Tokua Airport, is an airport serving Kokopo and Rabaul, the current and former capitals of East New Britain Province on New Britain island in Papua New Guinea.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Eurowings", "paragraph_text": "Eurowings GmbH is a German low-cost airline headquartered in Düsseldorf and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group. Founded in 1996, it serves a network of domestic and European destinations as well as some long-haul routes and maintains bases at Berlin Tegel Airport, Cologne Bonn Airport, Düsseldorf Airport, Hamburg Airport, Hannover Airport, Munich Airport, Nuremberg Airport, Palma de Mallorca Airport, Pristina International Airport, Salzburg Airport, Stuttgart Airport, and Vienna International Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dabus", "paragraph_text": "In the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" Planescape campaign setting, Dabus (singular and plural are the same) are the personal entourage of the Lady of Pain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Pokémon Trading Card Game", "paragraph_text": "A simplified type system was adopted from the video games for use in the trading card game. Instead of 18 types of Pokémon, only eleven exist in the TCG. Seven were introduced in the Base Set (the first ever set of Pokémon cards); Darkness and Metal types appeared when Pokémon Gold and Silver introduced the Dark and Steel types in the video games; the Dragon type was introduced in the Japanese Dragon Selection set; and finally, the Fairy type was introduced in the Japanese XY set to correspond to its introduction in the video games.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Spires of Spirit", "paragraph_text": "Spires of Spirit, by Gael Baudino, is a collection of six novellas set in the universe of The Strands Series. It was first published in 1997 by Roc Books. The first three stories take place in the time period just prior to \"Strands of Starlight\" and second three take place in 1990s Denver, USA, about ten years after the flashforwards in \"Shroud of Shadow\" and before the events depicted in \"Strands of Sunlight\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Dragon Ball FighterZ", "paragraph_text": "Dragon Ball FighterZ (Japanese: ドラゴンボールファイターズ, Hepburn: Doragon Bōru Faitāzu) is an upcoming 2.5 D fighting game developed by Arc System Works and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment, based on the Dragon Ball franchise for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One and Microsoft Windows. It is set to be released February 2018.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Committees of correspondence", "paragraph_text": "The committees of correspondence were shadow governments organized by the Patriot leaders of the Thirteen Colonies on the eve of the American Revolution. They coordinated responses to England and shared their plans; by 1773 they had emerged as shadow governments, superseding the colonial legislature and royal officials. The Maryland Committee of Correspondence was instrumental in setting up the First Continental Congress, which met in Philadelphia. These served an important role in the Revolution, by disseminating the colonial interpretation of British actions between the colonies and to foreign governments. The committees of correspondence rallied opposition on common causes and established plans for collective action, and so the group of committees was the beginning of what later became a formal political union among the colonies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Shelter Cove Airport", "paragraph_text": "Shelter Cove Airport is a public airport located in Shelter Cove, serving Humboldt County, California, USA. This general aviation airport covers 50 acres and has one runway.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Bafoussam Airport", "paragraph_text": "Bafoussam Airport is an airport serving Bafoussam, capital of the West Province of Cameroon. As of September, 2012, the airport has no commercial scheduled passenger service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Gustine Airport", "paragraph_text": "Gustine Airport is a public airport located two miles (3.2 km) east of Gustine, serving Merced County, California, USA. The airport is mostly used for general aviation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash", "paragraph_text": "The 1934 Hillman's Airways de Havilland Dragon Rapide crash occurred on 2 October 1934 when a de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide of Hillman's Airways crashed into the English Channel off Folkestone, Kent, killing all seven people on board. The aircraft was operating an international scheduled passenger flight from Abridge Aerodrome to Le Bourget Airport, Paris. The accident resulted in the first write-off of a Dragon Rapide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Street of Shadows (novel)", "paragraph_text": "Street of Shadows is the second book in Michael Reaves' series \"Coruscant Nights\". It was released on August 26, 2008.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Killzone Shadow Fall", "paragraph_text": "Killzone: Shadow Fall is a first-person shooter video game developed by Guerrilla Games and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for PlayStation 4. It is the sixth game of the \"Killzone\" series and the fourth game of the series for home consoles. \"Killzone Shadow Fall\" was released on 15 November 2013 as a launch title for PlayStation 4 in North America and 29 November 2013 in Europe. Taking place 30 years after the events of \"Killzone 3\", \"Shadow Fall\" follows a new set of characters, putting players in the role of Lucas Kellan, a \"Shadow Marshal\", who is investigating a rising threat in the continuing war between Vekta and the Helghast.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 51824, "question": "what is the setting of shadow of the dragon", "answer": "Houston", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 12082, "question": "What is the second airport that serves #1 ?", "answer": "William P. Hobby Airport", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

[]

[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Pope John XXIII", "paragraph_text": "Many had considered Giovanni Battista Montini, the Archbishop of Milan, a possible candidate, but, although he was the archbishop of one of the most ancient and prominent sees in Italy, he had not yet been made a cardinal. Though his absence from the 1958 conclave did not make him ineligible – under Canon Law any Catholic male who is capable of receiving priestly ordination and episcopal consecration may be elected – the College of Cardinals usually chose the new pontiff from among the Cardinals who head archdioceses or departments of the Roman Curia that attend the papal conclave. At the time, as opposed to contemporary practice, the participating Cardinals did not have to be below age 80 to vote, there were few Eastern-rite Cardinals, and no Cardinals who were just priests at the time of their elevation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ubaldo Caccianemici", "paragraph_text": "Ubaldo Caccianemici (died 1171) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Lucius II, his cousin who elevated him in May or June 1144.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Gap penalty", "paragraph_text": "a Gap penalty is a method of scoring alignments of two or more sequences. When aligning sequences, introducing a gaps in the sequences can allow an alignment algorithm to match more terms than a gap-less alignment can. However, minimizing gaps in an alignment is important to create a useful alignment. Too many gaps can cause an alignment to become meaningless. Gap penalties are used to adjust alignment scores based on the number and length of gaps. The five main types of gap penalties are constant, linear, affine, convex, and Profile - based.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Tiger Stadium (Detroit)", "paragraph_text": "After the 1994 strike, plans were made to construct a new park, but many campaigned to save the old stadium. Plans to modify and maintain Tiger Stadium as the home of the Tigers, known as the Cochrane Plan, were supported by many in the community, but were never seriously considered by the Tigers. Ground was broken for the new Comerica Park during the 1997 season.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Elevator", "paragraph_text": "The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror is the common name for a series of elevator attractions at the Disney's Hollywood Studios park in Orlando, the Disney California Adventure Park park in Anaheim, the Walt Disney Studios Park in Paris and the Tokyo DisneySea park in Tokyo. The central element of this attraction is a simulated free-fall achieved through the use of a high-speed elevator system. For safety reasons, passengers are seated and secured in their seats rather than standing. Unlike most traction elevators, the elevator car and counterweight are joined using a rail system in a continuous loop running through both the top and the bottom of the drop shaft. This allows the drive motor to pull down on the elevator car from underneath, resulting in downward acceleration greater than that of normal gravity. The high-speed drive motor is used to rapidly lift the elevator as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jersey, Arkansas", "paragraph_text": "Jersey is an unincorporated community in Bradley County, Arkansas, United States. It is situated at an elevation of 161 feet (49 meters) above mean sea level.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Mamonas", "paragraph_text": "Mamonas is a municipality in the north of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. As of 2007 the population was 6,247 in a total area of 290 km². The elevation is 681 meters. It became a municipality in 1993. The postal code (CEP) is 39516-000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Šomrda", "paragraph_text": "Šomrda (Serbian Cyrillic: Шомрда) is a mountain in eastern Serbia, near the town of Lepenski Vir. Its highest peak has an elevation of 803 meters above sea level. Most of Šomrda is located in the Đerdap National Park.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Mount Chirripó", "paragraph_text": "Mount Chirripó is the highest mountain in Costa Rica with an elevation of 3,820 meters (12,533 feet). It is located in Chirripó National Park and is noted for its ecological wealth. The mountain was named ``Chirripo, ''meaning`` land of eternal waters'', by native Americans because there are many lakes and streams around the mountain. The high peaks in Chirripó National Park and La Amistad International Park host important areas of Talamancan montane forest and Costa Rican Páramo with high endemism and an extremely high biodiversity. The peaks of these mountains constitute sky islands for many species of plants and animals. Snow has not fallen on the peak in the past 100 years or so, according to the University of Costa Rica, but hail is sometimes reported.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Solar energy", "paragraph_text": "Commercial CSP plants were first developed in the 1980s. Since 1985 the eventually 354 MW SEGS CSP installation, in the Mojave Desert of California, is the largest solar power plant in the world. Other large CSP plants include the 150 MW Solnova Solar Power Station and the 100 MW Andasol solar power station, both in Spain. The 250 MW Agua Caliente Solar Project, in the United States, and the 221 MW Charanka Solar Park in India, are the world’s largest photovoltaic plants. Solar projects exceeding 1 GW are being developed, but most of the deployed photovoltaics are in small rooftop arrays of less than 5 kW, which are grid connected using net metering and/or a feed-in tariff. In 2013 solar generated less than 1% of the worlds total grid electricity.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger", "paragraph_text": "In tribute to Schwarzenegger in 2002, Forum Stadtpark, a local cultural association, proposed plans to build a 25-meter (82 ft) tall Terminator statue in a park in central Graz. Schwarzenegger reportedly said he was flattered, but thought the money would be better spent on social projects and the Special Olympics.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cardinal (Catholic Church)", "paragraph_text": "As of 2005, there were over 50 churches recognized as cardinalatial deaconries, though there were only 30 cardinals of the order of deacons. Cardinal deacons have long enjoyed the right to \"opt for the order of cardinal priests\" (optazione) after they have been cardinal deacons for 10 years. They may on such elevation take a vacant \"title\" (a church allotted to a cardinal priest as the church in Rome with which he is associated) or their diaconal church may be temporarily elevated to a cardinal priest's \"title\" for that occasion. When elevated to cardinal priests, they take their precedence according to the day they were first made cardinal deacons (thus ranking above cardinal priests who were elevated to the college after them, regardless of order).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Franz König", "paragraph_text": "Franz König (3 August 1905 – 13 March 2004) was an Austrian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as archbishop of Vienna from 1956 to 1985, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958. The last surviving cardinal elevated by Pope John XXIII, he was the second-oldest and longest-serving cardinal worldwide at the time of his death.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Amleto Giovanni Cicognani", "paragraph_text": "Amleto Giovanni Cicognani (24 February 1883 – 17 December 1973) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Vatican Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969, and Dean of the College of Cardinals from 1972 until his death. Cicognani was elevated to the cardinalate in 1958. His brother, Gaetano Cicognani, was also a cardinal. To date they are the last pair of brothers to serve together in the College of Cardinals.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kielce-Masłów Airport", "paragraph_text": "Kielce, and the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship of which it the capital of, intend to adapt the airport in Masłów (near Kielce), for regional traffic. Its current runway is asphalt, and its size is 1115 x 30 meters. It is planned to develop the airport, but rather to the category of a City Airport. The local government have founded a company \"Lotnisko Kielce\" with the goal to upgrade the airport. There are also discussions to build a completely new airport in Obice.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Joes Mountain (South Carolina)", "paragraph_text": "Joes Mountain is a mountain in York County in the state of South Carolina. The summit of Joes Mountain is at an elevation of 1,027 feet (313 meters) above sea level. The mountain is one of the three main mountain summits of Kings Mountain National Military Park. The other mountain summits are Brown's Mountain and Kings Mountain.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tillandsia violacea", "paragraph_text": "Tillandsia violacea is an epiphytic species in the genus \"Tillandsia\". This species is endemic to Mexico, particularly to the Central Mexican Plateau. This species' habitat is at elevations between 600-3,100 meters, and is epiphytic to large trees in humid temperate forests, primarily the species abies religiosa, quercus rugosa, and quercus laurina. In particular, it is a common epiphyte of the temperate pine forests of Hidalgo state, including El Chico National Park. Its range extends to the states of Guerrero, Jalisco, state of Mexico, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, and Veracruz. Due to its high-elevation habitat, this bromeliad species has tolerance to sub-freezing conditions.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Bertópolis", "paragraph_text": "Bertópolis is a municipality in the northeast of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. the population was 4,588 in a total area of 426 km². The elevation is 278 meters. It became a municipality in 1962. The postal code (CEP) is 39875-000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "List of mountain peaks of the Caribbean", "paragraph_text": "Of the 20 highest major summits of the Caribbean, only Pico Duarte exceeds 3000 meters (9843 feet) elevation, six peaks exceed 2000 meters (6562 feet), and 15 peaks exceed 1000 meters (3281 feet) elevation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Carmo da Cachoeira", "paragraph_text": "Carmo da Cachoeira is a Brazilian municipality in the south of the state of Minas Gerais. In 2007 its estimated population was 11,656 in a total area of 506 km². The elevation is 959 meters.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 9717, "question": "What is the grid plan aligned with rather than the cardinal directions?", "answer": "Hudson River", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 1891, "question": "How many meters is Riverbank State Park elevated above #1 ?", "answer": "21", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Bristol, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Bristol is a city in Sullivan County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 26,702 at the 2010 census. It is the twin city of Bristol, Virginia, which lies directly across the state line between Tennessee and Virginia. The boundary between the two cities is also the state line, which runs along State Street in their common downtown district. Bristol is a principal city of the Kingsport−Bristol−Bristol, TN-VA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City−Kingsport−Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area − commonly known as the \"Tri-Cities\" region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Tooth Fairy 2", "paragraph_text": "Tooth Fairy 2 is a 2012 Canadian-American comedy film directed by Alex Zamm and starring Larry the Cable Guy as the main lead. It is the sequel to the 2010 film \"Tooth Fairy\", starring Dwayne Johnson. It was released direct-to-video on DVD and Blu-ray on March 6, 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "USS Sea Devil (SSN-664)", "paragraph_text": "USS \"Sea Devil\" (SSN-664), a \"Sturgeon\"-class attack submarine, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the sea devil (\"Manta birostria\"), also known as the manta ray or devil ray, the largest of all living rays, noted for power and endurance.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mission Woods, Kansas", "paragraph_text": "Mission Woods is a city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States, and part of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 178.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Avengers: Age of Ultron", "paragraph_text": "Aaron Taylor - Johnson as Pietro Maximoff / Quicksilver: The twin brother of the Scarlet Witch, who can move at superhuman speed. Taylor - Johnson felt Pietro was defined by the fact that he and his sister were abandoned by their family, and they both had to grow up ``in Eastern Europe defending and looking out for themselves and each other, ''that they both look to the other for guidance. Taylor - Johnson also said that Quicksilver was`` very overprotective'' of Scarlet Witch and has ``real anger frustration '', which results in him being easily bored because of a short attention span. Feige stated exploring Quicksilver's relationship with his sister and his backstory growing up in Eastern Europe would help differentiate the character from Evan Peters' version in X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014). Taylor - Johnson stated that the running style for Quicksilver went through multiple iterations, saying,`` The running style we tested early on was just very one - dimensional and boring to look at, but if you try to do free running, like parkour, then that's very much Captain America's style... You have to find your own place in the stunt world.'' Much of Taylor - Johnson's scenes were filmed outdoors to give ``life ''to his running, as opposed to running indoors in front of a green screen.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Kosciusko, Mississippi", "paragraph_text": "Kosciusko is a city in Attala County, Mississippi, United States, and is the birthplace of James Meredith and Oprah Winfrey. The population was 7,402 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Attala County.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "The city is home or birthplace to a number of contemporary musicians such as R'n'B singer Craig David, Coldplay drummer Will Champion, former Holloways singer Rob Skipper as well as 1980s popstar Howard Jones. Several rock bands were formed in Southampton, including Band of Skulls, The Delays, Bury Tomorrow, Heart in Hand, Thomas Tantrum (disbanded in 2011) and Kids Can't Fly (disbanded in 2014). James Zabiela, a highly regarded and recognised name in dance music, is also from Southampton.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "American Idol", "paragraph_text": "Caleb Johnson was named the winner of the season, with Jena Irene as the runner-up. Johnson released \"As Long as You Love Me\" as his coronation single while Irene released \"We Are One\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ray Johnson", "paragraph_text": "Born in Detroit, Michigan, on October 16, 1927, Ray Johnson grew up in a working-class neighborhood and attended Cass Technical High School where he was enrolled in the advertising art program. He took weekly classes at the Detroit Art Institute and spent a summer drawing at Ox-Bow School in Saugatuck, Michigan, affiliated with the Art Institute of Chicago.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Rio Vista, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Rio Vista is a city in Johnson County, Texas, United States. The population was 873 at the 2010 census, up from 656 at the 2000 census. Rio Vista residents pronounce the name of the town either \"RYE-o Vista\", \"REE-o Vista\", or \"REE-a-Vista\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Corsica, Pennsylvania", "paragraph_text": "Corsica is a borough in Jefferson County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 357 at the 2010 census. It was named for the island of Corsica, birthplace of Napoleon Bonaparte. The mayor of the borough is Dave Leadbetter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Central, Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Central is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in western Carter County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 2,717 at the 2000 census and 2,279 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is a component of the Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol, TN-VA Combined Statistical Area – commonly known as the \"Tri-Cities\" region.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "The Princess and the Frog", "paragraph_text": "Jim Cummings as Ray, a Cajun firefly. He and his vast family are close friends with Mama Odie, so he offers to help the frogs get to her. Ray has an unrequited love for the Evening Star, which he believes is another firefly named ``Evangeline ''(a reference to the 19th - century Longfellow poem). Mike Surrey was the supervising animator for Ray. Ray's name comes from the blind pianist Ray Charles.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Shirley, Maine", "paragraph_text": "Shirley is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The town was named after Shirley, Massachusetts. The population was 233 at the 2010 census. It was the birthplace of humorist Bill Nye.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Pendleton, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Pendleton is an unincorporated community in Bell County, Texas, United States. Although it is unincorporated, Pendleton has a post office, with the ZIP code of 76564. The community was the birthplace of acclaimed blues musician Blind Willie Johnson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Amsterdam RAI station", "paragraph_text": "Amsterdam RAI (Dutch: \"Rijwiel en Automobiel Industrie\") is a railway station situated in southern Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is located between the two directions of the A10 Amsterdam ring road. It is also a metro station at which GVB runs two lines. RAI gets its name from the nearby Amsterdam RAI Exhibition and Convention Centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Danny Clyburn", "paragraph_text": "Danny Clyburn Jr. (April 6, 1974 – February 7, 2012) was an outfielder for the Baltimore Orioles and Tampa Bay Devil Rays. He was traded from Baltimore to Tampa Bay prior to the season for pitcher Jason Johnson.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Avicenna", "paragraph_text": "In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some 25 km (16 mi) north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him.[year needed] On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work.[citation needed]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Dan Johnson (baseball)", "paragraph_text": "Daniel Ryan \"Dan\" Johnson (born August 10, 1979) is an American professional baseball pitcher and designated hitter who is currently a free agent. He has played most of his ten seasons in Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball as a first baseman and pitcher, but has never held a Major League starting job for an entire season. He is perhaps best known for hitting a dramatic two-out, two-strike home run for the Tampa Bay Rays in the bottom of the ninth inning of the last game of the 2011 season, also known as Wild Card Wednesday. That home run tied the game, which the Rays eventually won, sending them to the playoffs. His clutch hitting for the Rays, along with his red hair and beard, earned him the nickname \"The Great Pumpkin\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Mudlark", "paragraph_text": "The Mudlark is a 1950 film made in Britain by 20th Century Fox. It is a fictional account of how Queen Victoria was eventually brought out of her mourning for her dead husband, Prince Albert. It was directed by Jean Negulesco, written and produced by Nunnally Johnson and based on the 1949 novel of the same name by American artillery sergeant and San Francisco newspaperman Theodore Bonnet (1908–1983). It stars Irene Dunne, Alec Guinness and Andrew Ray.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145403, "question": "Which city was the birthplace of Ray Johnson?", "answer": "Detroit", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 26004, "question": "What is the name of the river that runs through #1 ?", "answer": "Detroit River", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "2008 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2008 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the fourth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall, this was the fourteenth edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place in Marseille, France, in the Plages du Prado. It was the first tournament to take place outside Brazil, from 17–27 July 2008. The winners of the tournament were Brazil, who won their third consecutive FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title and their twelfth title overall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Australia at the FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The Australia national soccer team, nicknamed the Socceroos, has represented Australia at the FIFA World Cup on four occasions: in 1974, 2006, 2010, and 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bill Fiedler", "paragraph_text": "William John Fiedler (January 10, 1910 - September, 1985) was an American soccer midfielder who played seven seasons in the American Soccer League. He was on the U.S. national soccer team at both the 1934 FIFA World Cup and 1936 Summer Olympics. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fútbol de Primera (radio network)", "paragraph_text": "Fútbol de Primera is an American radio network covering soccer. It has broadcast the World Cup since 2002 along with other FIFA tournaments. FDP also broadcasts Mexico's national team games, the CONCACAF Gold Cup, and had broadcast the Copa América in 2015 and 2016. It is the home of the most exclusive soccer radio rights in the country, including the upcoming 2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2005 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the first edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, an international beach soccer competition contest by men's national teams and organized by FIFA. Overall, it was the 11th edition of the tournament since its establishment in 1995 as the Beach Soccer World Championship. It took place in at Copacabana Beach in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 8 and 15 May.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2018 Major League Soccer season", "paragraph_text": "The 2018 Major League Soccer season is the 23rd season of Major League Soccer, top division of soccer in the United States and Canada. The regular season began on March 3, 2018 and will conclude on October 28, 2018. The MLS Cup Playoffs will begin on October 31, 2018 and conclude with the MLS Cup 2018 on December 8, 2018. The league will take a nine - day hiatus in early June for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, reduced from previous breaks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "United States men's national soccer team", "paragraph_text": "The United States men's national soccer team is controlled by the United States Soccer Federation and competes in the Confederation of North, Central American and Caribbean Association Football. The team has appeared in ten FIFA World Cups, including the first in 1930, where they reached the semi-finals. The U.S. participated in the 1934 and 1950 World Cups, winning 1 -- 0 against England in the latter. After 1950, the U.S. did not qualify for the World Cup until 1990. The U.S. hosted the 1994 World Cup, where they lost to Brazil in the round of sixteen. They qualified for five more consecutive World Cups after 1990 (for a total of seven straight appearances, a feat shared with only seven other nations), becoming one of the tournament's regular competitors and often advancing to the knockout stage. The U.S. reached the quarter - finals of the 2002 World Cup, where they lost to Germany. In the 2009 Confederations Cup, they eliminated top - ranked Spain in the semi-finals before losing to Brazil in the final, their only appearance in a final. The team failed to qualify for the 2018 World Cup, having been eliminated in continental qualifying, ending the streak of consecutive World Cups at seven.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Jack Cowan", "paragraph_text": "Jack Cowan (6 June 1927 – 10 December 2000) was a Canadian association football player who won championships in both Canada and Scotland. He won Scottish Cup and Scottish League titles with Dundee, then capped off his career by winning Canada Soccer's Carling Cup with Vancouver Hale-Co FC. He was inducted into the Canada Soccer Hall of Fame as a player in 2000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 20 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina and inaugural winner Uruguay, with two titles each; and England, France and Spain, with one title each.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The World Cup is open to all members of the International Cricket Council (ICC), although the highest - ranking teams receive automatic qualification. The remaining teams are determined via the World Cricket League and the ICC World Cup Qualifier. A total of twenty teams have competed in the eleven editions of the tournament, with fourteen competing in the latest edition in 2015; the next edition in 2019 will have only ten teams. Australia has won the tournament five times, with the West Indies, India (twice each), Pakistan and Sri Lanka (once each) also having won the tournament. The best performance by a non-full - member team came when Kenya made the semi-finals of the 2003 tournament. The tournament is the worlds 4th biggest sporting event behind the FIFA World Cup, Summer Olympics and the Rugby World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Supreme court", "paragraph_text": "In Brazil, the Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal) is the highest court. It is both the constitutional court and the court of last resort in Brazilian law. It only reviews cases that may be unconstitutional or final habeas corpus pleads for criminal cases. It also judges, in original jurisdiction, cases involving members of congress, senators, ministers of state, members of the high courts and the President and Vice-President of the Republic. The Superior Court of Justice (Tribunal Superior de Justiça) reviews State and Federal Circuit courts decisions for civil law and criminal law cases, when dealing with federal law or conflicting rulings. The Superior Labour Tribunal (Tribunal Superior do Trabalho) reviews cases involving labour law. The Superior Electoral Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral) is the court of last resort of electoral law, and also oversees general elections. The Superior Military Tribunal (Tribunal Superior Militar) is the highest court in matters of federal military law.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Steve Trittschuh", "paragraph_text": "Stephen \"Steve\" Trittschuh (born April 24, 1965) is a retired American soccer defender who played professionally in the Major Indoor Soccer League, American Professional Soccer League and Major League Soccer. He also earned thirty-eight caps with the United States men's national soccer team including one game at the 1990 FIFA World Cup.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nigeria", "paragraph_text": "Football is largely considered the Nigeria's national sport and the country has its own Premier League of football. Nigeria's national football team, known as the \"Super Eagles\", has made the World Cup on five occasions 1994, 1998, 2002, 2010, and most recently in 2014. In April 1994, the Super Eagles ranked 5th in the FIFA World Rankings, the highest ranking achieved by an African football team. They won the African Cup of Nations in 1980, 1994, and 2013, and have also hosted the U-17 & U-20 World Cup. They won the gold medal for football in the 1996 Summer Olympics (in which they beat Argentina) becoming the first African football team to win gold in Olympic Football.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup Final took place between Switzerland and Brazil on 22 November 2009 at Jumeirah Beach, Dubai. Brazil were the winners, winning by ten goals to five. Brazil have beaten fifteen other teams to be crowned \"FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup 2009 Winners\". It was Brazil's fourth title in a row.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Soccer in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Soccer in the United States CenturyLink Field, home of the Seattle Sounders Country United States Governing body U.S. Soccer National team Men's Women's First played 1862 Registered players 4,186,778 Clubs 9,000 National competitions U.S. Open Cup (men's) Club competitions List (show) Men's: Major League Soccer United Soccer League North American Soccer League Women's: National Women's Soccer League International competitions List (show) Men's national team: CONCACAF Champions League CONCACAF Gold Cup FIFA World Cup FIFA Confederations Cup Women's national team: SheBelieves Cup CONCACAF Olympic Qualifying Tournament CONCACAF Women's Gold Cup FIFA Women's World Cup Audience records Single match List (show) Men's: 109,318 (Man. Utd. 3 -- 1 Real Madrid at Michigan Stadium, 2014) Women's: 90,185 (USA 5 - 4 (pk) China at Rose Bowl, 1999) Season List (show) Men's: 77,691 (New York Cosmos 8 - 3 Fort Lauderdale Strikers) at Giants Stadium, 1977) Women's: 34,148 (Washington Freedom 1 -- 0 Bay Area CyberRays at RFK Stadium, 2003)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2009 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the fifth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall, this was the fifteenth edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates, the second tournament to take place outside Brazil and the last tournament to take place on an annual basis, between 16 November and 22 November 2009. The winners of the tournament were Brazil, who won their fourth consecutive FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title and their thirteenth title overall.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Tahiti national beach soccer team", "paragraph_text": "Tahiti national beach soccer team represents Tahiti or French Polynesia in international beach soccer competitions and is controlled by the FTF and the FFF, the governing body for football in Tahiti. In contrast to the fortunes of the association football team, Tahiti's beach soccer has, since 2011, been one of the strongest teams in world beach soccer. The team made history at the 2013 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup by becoming the first Pacific nation to qualify for the knockout stages of an international FIFA tournament.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup, governed by FIFA. Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title \"Beach Soccer World Championships\". Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995. It took place at the Stadio del Mare (Stadium of the Sea), a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna, Italy, the third tournament to take place outside Brazil, which started on September 1 and ended on September 11, 2011. However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years. The tournament was confirmed in March 2010. Brazil were the defending champions, after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009. The tournament was won by Russia, winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Under-19 Cricket World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The ICC Under - 19 Cricket World Cup is an international cricket tournament organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC) contested by national under - 19 teams. First contested in 1988, as the Youth World Cup, it was not staged again until 1998. Since then, the World Cup has been held as a biennial event, organised by the ICC. The first edition of the tournament had only eight participants, but every subsequent edition has included sixteen teams. India, the current champions, has won the World Cup four times which is the highest amongst all teams, while Australia has won thrice, Pakistan twice and England, South Africa, and the West Indies once each. Two other teams -- New Zealand and Sri Lanka -- have made a tournament final without going on to win.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Percy Adamson", "paragraph_text": "Percy Adamson was an early twentieth-century American soccer player who was captain of the Brooklyn Field Club when it won the 1914 National Challenge Cup.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 55296, "question": "who won the most world cups in soccer", "answer": "Brazil", "paragraph_support_idx": 8 }, { "id": 25092, "question": "What is the highest court in #1 ?", "answer": "Supreme Federal Tribunal (Supremo Tribunal Federal)", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "René-Jean Caillette", "paragraph_text": "René-Jean Caillette (1919–2005) was a French decorative artist and designer, son of a cabinetmaker. His elegant and modernistic furniture designs were mass-produced after World War II (1939–45). His molded plywood Diamond chair is considered a classic.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Biodiversity", "paragraph_text": "Jared Diamond describes an \"Evil Quartet\" of habitat destruction, overkill, introduced species, and secondary extinctions. Edward O. Wilson prefers the acronym HIPPO, standing for Habitat destruction, Invasive species, Pollution, human over-Population, and Over-harvesting. The most authoritative classification in use today is IUCN's Classification of Direct Threats which has been adopted by major international conservation organizations such as the US Nature Conservancy, the World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, and BirdLife International.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Diamond Springs, California", "paragraph_text": "Diamond Springs (formerly, Diamond Spring and Diamond) is a census-designated place (CDP) in El Dorado County, California, United States. It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 11,037 at the 2010 census, up from 4,888 at the 2000 census. The town is registered as California Historical Landmark number 487. It lies at an elevation of 1791 feet (546 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cullinan Diamond", "paragraph_text": "Cullinan produced stones of various cuts and sizes, the largest of which is named Cullinan I or the Great Star of Africa, and at 530.4 carats (106.08 g) it is the largest clear cut diamond in the world. Cullinan I is mounted in the head of the Sovereign's Sceptre with Cross. The second - largest is Cullinan II or the Second Star of Africa, weighing 317.4 carats (63.48 g), mounted in the Imperial State Crown. Both diamonds are part of the Crown Jewels of the United Kingdom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Help Me Make It Through the Night", "paragraph_text": "``Help Me Make It Through the Night ''Song by Kris Kristofferson from the album Kristofferson A-side`` Help Me Make It Through the Night'' Released 1970 Recorded 1969 Genre Country Length 2: 24 Label Monument Songwriter (s) Kris Kristofferson Producer (s) Fred Foster", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "I Don't Like Mondays", "paragraph_text": "``I Do n't Like Mondays ''Single by The Boomtown Rats from the album The Fine Art of Surfacing B - side`` It's All the Rage'' Released 21 July 1979 (UK) Format 7 ''vinyl Recorded Trident Studios Length 4: 19 (LP) 3: 47 (single / video) Label Ensign (UK) Columbia (US) Songwriter (s) Bob Geldof Producer (s) Phil Wainman The Boomtown Rats singles chronology ``Rat Trap'' (1978)`` I Do n't Like Mondays ''(1979) ``Diamond Smiles'' (1979)`` Rat Trap ''(1978) ``I Do n't Like Mondays'' (1979)`` Diamond Smiles ''(1979)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Christian", "paragraph_text": "Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the Americas, and about 26% live in Europe, 24% of total Christians live in sub-Saharan Africa, about 13% in Asia and the Pacific, and 1% of the world's Christians live in the Middle east and North Africa. About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic, while more than a third are Protestant (37%). Orthodox communions comprise 12% of the world's Christians. Other Christian groups make up the remainder. Christians make up the majority of the population in 158 countries and territories. 280 million Christian live as a minority.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Crater of Diamonds State Park", "paragraph_text": "Crater of Diamonds State Park is a 911 - acre (369 ha) Arkansas state park in Pike County, Arkansas, in the United States. The park features a 37.5 - acre (15.2 ha) plowed field, the world's only diamond - bearing site accessible to the public. Diamonds have continuously been discovered in the field since 1906, including the Strawn - Wagner Diamond. The site became a state park in 1972 after the Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism purchased the site from the Arkansas Diamond Company and Ozark Diamond Mines Corporation, who had operated the site as a tourist attraction previously.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Night Rocker", "paragraph_text": "Night Rocker is the debut studio album by the American actor David Hasselhoff. It was released in January 1985 on Silver Blue Records, produced by record producer Joel Diamond.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Longfellow Serenade", "paragraph_text": "\"Longfellow Serenade\" is the title of a 1974 song by the American singer-songwriter Neil Diamond. It was written by Diamond, produced by Tom Catalano, and included on Diamond's album \"Serenade\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Namibia", "paragraph_text": "Providing 25% of Namibia's revenue, mining is the single most important contributor to the economy. Namibia is the fourth largest exporter of non-fuel minerals in Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of uranium. There has been significant investment in uranium mining and Namibia is set to become the largest exporter of uranium by 2015. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. While Namibia is known predominantly for its gem diamond and uranium deposits, a number of other minerals are extracted industrially such as lead, tungsten, gold, tin, fluorspar, manganese, marble, copper and zinc. There are offshore gas deposits in the Atlantic Ocean that are planned to be extracted in the future. According to \"The Diamond Investigation\", a book about the global diamond market, from 1978, De Beers, the largest diamond company, bought most of the Namibian diamonds, and would continue to do so, because \"whatever government eventually comes to power they will need this revenue to survive\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Belfast", "paragraph_text": "By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port. Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname ``Linenopolis ''. By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco - processing, rope - making and shipbuilding industries. Harland and Wolff, which built the RMS Titanic, was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard. It later also sustained a major aerospace and missiles industry. Industrialisation and the inward migration it brought made Belfast Ireland's biggest city at the time. It became the capital of Northern Ireland following the Partition of Ireland in 1922. Its status as a global industrial centre ended in the decades after the Second World War.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "What in the World", "paragraph_text": "\"What in the World\" is a song by David Bowie released on his 1977 album \"Low\", later making appearances as repertoire in the 1978 world tour as well as other major tours.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Yoruba people", "paragraph_text": "The Yoruba people (Yoruba: Ìran Yorùbá, lit. 'Yoruba lineage'; also known as Àwon omo Yorùbá, lit. 'Children of Yoruba', or simply as the Yoruba) are an ethnic group of southwestern and north - central Nigeria, as well as southern and central Benin. Together, these regions are known as Yorubaland. The Yoruba constitute over 40 million people in total. The majority of this population is from Nigeria, and the Yoruba make up 21% of the country's population, according to the CIA World Factbook, making them one of the largest ethnic groups in Africa. The majority of the Yoruba speak the Yoruba language, which is tonal, and is the Niger - Congo language with the largest number of native speakers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Marvel Comics", "paragraph_text": "In late 1994, Marvel acquired the comic book distributor Heroes World Distribution to use as its own exclusive distributor. As the industry's other major publishers made exclusive distribution deals with other companies, the ripple effect resulted in the survival of only one other major distributor in North America, Diamond Comic Distributors Inc. In early 1997, when Marvel's Heroes World endeavor failed, Diamond also forged an exclusive deal with Marvel—giving the company its own section of its comics catalog Previews.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Mile 91, Sierra Leone", "paragraph_text": "Mile 91 is a major trading town in Tonkolili District in Northern Province of Sierra Leone. As its name suggest, Mile 91 is exactly 91 miles from Freetown and is located on the main highway linking Freetown, to Makeni and Bo. The population of the town is ethnically diverse, although the Temne people make up the majority of the population.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "World Series of Poker bracelet", "paragraph_text": "In 2007, Corum became the official bracelet manufacturer for the WSOP. Some of the 2007 World Series of Poker champions received both a watch and a bracelet from Corum. Corum designed four variations for the 2007 World Series of Poker Bracelets. The standard version that is presented to 53 winners features 53 diamonds. The Ladies World Champion receives a bracelet that is adorned with four black diamonds, two rubies and 87 blue sapphires. The $50,000 HORSE Champion Bracelet has 91 black diamonds and two rubies. The World Series of Poker Main Event Bracelet has 120 diamonds on 136 grams of 18 carat (75 percent) white gold. The value of the 2007 bracelets have not been released, but the typical price of a Corum watch ranges from $1,500 -- $30,000 +.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sweet Caroline", "paragraph_text": "``Sweet Caroline ''Single by Neil Diamond B - side`` Dig In'' Released June 1969 Genre Soft rock Length 3: 21 Label Uni / MCA Songwriter (s) Neil Diamond Producer (s) Tommy Cogbill Neil Diamond Chips Moman Neil Diamond singles chronology ``Brother Love's Traveling Salvation Show ''(1969)`` Sweet Caroline'' (1969) ``Holly Holy ''(1969)`` Brother Love's Traveling Salvation Show'' (1969) ``Sweet Caroline ''(1969)`` Holly Holy'' (1969)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Diamond cutting", "paragraph_text": "Diamond cutting, as well as overall processing, is concentrated in a few cities around the world. The main diamond trading centers are Antwerp, Tel Aviv, and Dubai from where roughs are sent to the main processing centers of India and China. Diamonds are cut and polished in Surat, India and the Chinese cities of Guangzhou and Shenzhen. India in recent years has held between 19 -- 31% of the world market in polished diamonds and China has held 17% of the world market share in a recent year. Another important diamond center is New York City.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Myanmar", "paragraph_text": "Under British administration, Myanmar was the second-wealthiest country in South-East Asia. It had been the world's largest exporter of rice. Myanmar also had a wealth of natural and labour resources. British Burma began exporting crude oil in 1853, making it one of the earliest petroleum producers in the world. It produced 75% of the world's teak and had a highly literate population. The wealth was however, mainly concentrated in the hands of Europeans. In 1930s, agricultural production fell dramatically as international rice prices declined, and did not recover for several decades.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 50406, "question": "who produces the most diamonds in the world", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 162531, "question": "Who makes up the majority of #1 's population?", "answer": "ethnic Russians", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Barometer", "paragraph_text": "A mercury barometer has a glass tube closed at one end with an open mercury - filled reservoir at the base. The weight of the mercury creates a vacuum in the top of the tube known as Torricellian vacuum. Mercury in the tube adjusts until the weight of the mercury column balances the atmospheric force exerted on the reservoir. High atmospheric pressure places more force on the reservoir, forcing mercury higher in the column. Low pressure allows the mercury to drop to a lower level in the column by lowering the force placed on the reservoir. Since higher temperature levels around the instrument will reduce the density of the mercury, the scale for reading the height of the mercury is adjusted to compensate for this effect. The tube has to be at least as long as the amount dipping in the mercury + head space + the maximum length of the column.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Dark Desire", "paragraph_text": "Dark Desire is the second book in Christine Feehan’s Dark Series. It takes place roughly 25 years after the events in \"Dark Prince\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Neural tube", "paragraph_text": "In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryo's precursor to the central nervous system, which comprises the brain and spinal cord. The neural groove gradually deepens as the neural folds become elevated, and ultimately the folds meet and coalesce in the middle line and convert the groove into the closed neural tube. In humans, neural tube closure usually occurs by the fourth week of pregnancy (28th day after conception). The ectodermal wall of the tube forms the rudiment of the nervous system. The centre of the tube is the neural canal.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Old Kupferdreh station", "paragraph_text": "Old Kupferdreh station () was built by the Prussian state railways in the Essen district of Kupferdreh in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and opened in 1898 on the Prince William Railway. The station is close to the start of the first German railway, which was opened on 20 September 1831 by the Deil Valley Railway Company to Nierenhof.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Lampugnano (Milan Metro)", "paragraph_text": "Lampugnano is a station on Line 1 of Milan Metro in Milan, Italy. The underground station was opened in 1980 and is located on Via Giulio Natta, in Lampugnano district, from which it takes its name. It's an underground station, placed within the urban fare limit. It is located near the Palasharp and the main terminal for intercity bus service.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Eustachian tube", "paragraph_text": "The Eustachian tube, also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear. It is a part of the middle ear. In adult humans the Eustachian tube is approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. It is named after the sixteenth - century anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Trinidad metro station", "paragraph_text": "Trinidad is an elevated metro station on the Line 4 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. The side platforms and tracks are wrapped in a large elliptical cross section tube. The station has a mezzanine area below the tracks.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Eustachian tube", "paragraph_text": "The Eustachian tube / juː ˌsteɪ. ʃən /, also known as the auditory tube or pharyngotympanic tube, is a tube that links the nasopharynx to the middle ear. It is a part of the middle ear. In adult humans the Eustachian tube is approximately 35 mm (1.4 in) long and 3 mm (0.12 in) in diameter. It is named after the sixteenth - century anatomist Bartolomeo Eustachi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Transbay Tube", "paragraph_text": "The Transbay Tube is an underwater rail tunnel which carries Bay Area Rapid Transit's four transbay lines under San Francisco Bay between the cities of San Francisco and Oakland in California. The tube is long; including the approaches from the nearest stations (one of which is underground), it totals in length. It has a maximum depth of below sea level.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Carnival", "paragraph_text": "Three main parades take place during Carnival. The first is held on the first day, during which the \"Carnival King\" (either a person in costume or an effigy) rides through the city on his carriage. The second is held on the first Sunday of the festival and the participants are mainly children. The third and largest takes place on the last day of Carnival and involves hundreds of people walking in costume along the town's longest avenue. The latter two parades are open to anyone who wishes to participate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "U12 (Berlin U-Bahn)", "paragraph_text": "The U12 is a former Berlin U-Bahn line. It existed between 1993 and June 2003, as a peak-time and night line between Ruhleben (today U2) and Warschauer Straße (today U1) stations. It resumed its old route for a short period of time between May and November 2015, due to repair work taking place in the Gleisdreieck station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "X-ray tube", "paragraph_text": "The Crookes tube was improved by William Coolidge in 1913. The Coolidge tube, also called hot cathode tube, is the most widely used. It works with a very good quality vacuum (about 10 Pa, or 10 Torr).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Rolls-Royce Cullinan", "paragraph_text": "Series production of the Cullinan is expected to begin in the second half of 2018, while first customer deliveries will take place in the first quarter of 2019.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "The Pauper Millionaire", "paragraph_text": "The Pauper Millionaire is a 1922 British silent comedy film directed by Frank Hall Crane and starring C.M. Hallard, Katherine Blair and John H. Roberts. It was based on a novel by Austin Fryers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Dynatron oscillator", "paragraph_text": "In electronics, the dynatron oscillator, invented in 1918 by Albert Hull at General Electric, is an obsolete vacuum tube electronic oscillator circuit which uses a negative resistance characteristic in early tetrode vacuum tubes, caused by a process called secondary emission. It was the first negative resistance vacuum tube oscillator. The dynatron oscillator circuit was used to a limited extent as beat frequency oscillators (BFOs), and local oscillators in vacuum tube radio receivers as well as in scientific and test equipment from the 1920s to the 1940s but became obsolete around World War 2 due to the variability of secondary emission in tubes.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Yonesaka Line", "paragraph_text": "The is a railway line in Japan, operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It connects Yonezawa Station in Yamagata Prefecture to Sakamachi Station in Niigata Prefecture. At Yonezawa, connections to the Yamagata Shinkansen and Ōu Main Line can be made; while the Uetsu Main Line connects at Sakamachi Station. The line takes its name from the first kanji of and .", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Buckingham Palace", "paragraph_text": "State banquets also take place in the Ballroom; these formal dinners are held on the first evening of a state visit by a foreign head of state. On these occasions, for up to 170 guests in formal \"white tie and decorations\", including tiaras, the dining table is laid with the Grand Service, a collection of silver-gilt plate made in 1811 for the Prince of Wales, later George IV. The largest and most formal reception at Buckingham Palace takes place every November when the Queen entertains members of the diplomatic corps. On this grand occasion, all the state rooms are in use, as the royal family proceed through them, beginning at the great north doors of the Picture Gallery. As Nash had envisaged, all the large, double-mirrored doors stand open, reflecting the numerous crystal chandeliers and sconces, creating a deliberate optical illusion of space and light.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Spires of Spirit", "paragraph_text": "Spires of Spirit, by Gael Baudino, is a collection of six novellas set in the universe of The Strands Series. It was first published in 1997 by Roc Books. The first three stories take place in the time period just prior to \"Strands of Starlight\" and second three take place in 1990s Denver, USA, about ten years after the flashforwards in \"Shroud of Shadow\" and before the events depicted in \"Strands of Sunlight\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "CIRX-FM", "paragraph_text": "CIRX-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 94.3 FM in Prince George, British Columbia. The station airs an active rock format branded on-air as 94.3 The Goat: World Class Rock.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "ENIAC", "paragraph_text": "Several tubes burned out almost every day, leaving ENIAC nonfunctional about half the time. Special high-reliability tubes were not available until 1948. Most of these failures, however, occurred during the warm-up and cool-down periods, when the tube heaters and cathodes were under the most thermal stress. Engineers reduced ENIAC's tube failures to the more acceptable rate of one tube every two days. According to an interview in 1989 with Eckert, \"We had a tube fail about every two days and we could locate the problem within 15 minutes.\"", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 78146, "question": "where does the prince and the pauper take place", "answer": "London", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 44132, "question": "which was the first tube station in #1", "answer": "10 January 1863", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Florin (British coin)", "paragraph_text": "Florins (usually dated 1947 or later) remained in circulation after Decimal Day. In 1987, following a study of the currency, the Thatcher government announced its intent to issue a new ten pence piece, reduced in size. A smaller ten pence piece was issued in 1992, after which the old florin was demonetised on 30 June 1993. The florin, the first decimal coin, was the last coin in general circulation just prior to decimalisation to be withdrawn.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Fred Meyer Jewelers", "paragraph_text": "Fred Meyer Jewelers started in 1973 as a catalog showroom concept by Fred G. Meyer. As the catalog showroom fad started to die down, Fred Meyer was experiencing excellent sales growth in the fine jewelry category. To capitalize on this sales growth, Fred Meyer placed fine jewelry stores in their large multi-department stores and eventually shopping malls throughout the Western United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Bernhard Bötel", "paragraph_text": "Bernhard Bötel (1883–1953) was a German operatic tenor and actor who had an active career in Germany and Austria during the first half of the 20th century. He made recordings for several record labels during the early years of the recording industry, including His Master's Voice, Odeon Records, Polydor Records, Tri-Ergon, and Vox Records. On the stage he sang a variety of roles in operas and operettas from leading parts to comprimario roles. His stage repertoire included Belmonte in Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's \"Die Entführung aus dem Serail\", Chapelou in Adolphe Adam's \"Le postillon de Lonjumeau\", Count Almaviva in Gioachino Rossini's \"The Barber of Seville\", Daniel in Franz Lehár's \"The Merry Widow\", the Duke of Mantua in Giuseppe Verdi's \"Rigoletto\", Gabriel von Eisenstein in Johann Strauss II's \"Die Fledermaus\", Indigo in Strauss' \"Indigo und die vierzig Räuber\", Jeník in Bedřich Smetana's \"The Bartered Bride\", Paolino in Domenico Cimarosa's \"Il matrimonio segreto\", Pâris in Jacques Offenbach's \"La belle Hélène\", Pietro in Franz von Suppé's \"Boccaccio\", and Wilhelm Meister in Ambroise Thomas' \"Mignon\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Fritz Bleyl", "paragraph_text": "Hilmar Friedrich Wilhelm Bleyl, known as Fritz Bleyl (8 October 1880 – 19 August 1966), was a German artist of the Expressionist school, and one of the four founders of artist group Die Brücke (\"The Bridge\"). He designed graphics for the group including, for their first show, a poster, which was banned by the police. He left the group after only two years, when he married, to look after his family, and did not exhibit publicly thereafter.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Schadowstraße", "paragraph_text": "Schadowstraße is a shopping street in Düsseldorf, Germany, located in the districts of Stadtmitte and Pempelfort. The street cuts through downtown Düsseldorf, starting at Königsallee, passing the Tausendfüßler and reaching up to Berliner Allee. Schadowstraße is named after the German Romantic painter Wilhelm von Schadow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Climate of Moscow", "paragraph_text": "Snow cover (averaging 3 -- 5 months per year) is formed at the beginning of November and melts in beginning of April, but in recent years snow cover has lasted shorter than usual. For example, in the winter of 2006 -- 2007 the snow cover did n't form until the end of January, and melted at the beginning of March; in 2007 -- 2008, the snow cover melted at the end of February, and in the 2008 -- 2009 winter, snow cover did n't form until the end of December, which is one month later than usual. Yet in 2011 - 2012 it melted in the middle of April.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 6, "title": "NGC 120", "paragraph_text": "NGC 120 is a lenticular galaxy of type SB0? pec? with an apparent magnitude of 13.4 located in the constellation Cetus. It was descovered on 27 September 1880 by Wilhelm Tempel.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sirretta Peak", "paragraph_text": "Sirretta Peak is a mountain located in the southern Sierra Nevada in California. It rises to an elevation of north of Highway 178 and Lake Isabella. The high elevation means that most of the precipitation the mountain receives is snow.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Time After Time (Cyndi Lauper song)", "paragraph_text": "American alternative rock / pop punk band Quietdrive covered the song for their debut album When All That's Left Is You in 2006. The cover version was featured in the 2006 romantic comedy film John Tucker Must Die starring Jesse Metcalfe and Brittany Snow. The cover is their only charting song, hitting number 25 on the American Top 40 Countdown. The cover was certified gold by the RIAA.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Dumb Ways to Die", "paragraph_text": "Dumb Ways to Die is an Australian public service announcement campaign made by Metro Trains in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia to promote railway safety. The campaign video went viral through sharing and social media starting in November 2012.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Darrah, California", "paragraph_text": "Darrah (formerly Snow Creek and Darrah's) is an unincorporated community in Mariposa County, California. It is located on the southeast slope of Buckingham Mountain, on the east bank of Snow Creek, 8 miles (12.8 km) northeast of Mariposa, and south-southwest of El Portal, at an elevation of 3123 feet (952 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "The Lady with the Mask", "paragraph_text": "The Lady with the Mask (German: Die Dame mit der Maske) is a 1928 German silent film directed by Wilhelm Thiele and starring Max Gülstorff, Arlette Marchal and Vladimir Gajdarov.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Llusca Ritti (Corani)", "paragraph_text": "Llusca Ritti (possibly from Quechua \"llusk'a\" polished / slippery, \"rit'i\" snow, \"polished snow\" or \"slippery snow\") is a mountain in the Vilcanota mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about high. It is located in the Puno Region, Carabaya Province, Corani District. Llusca Ritti lies southeast of the mountains Taruca Sayana and Quello Sallayoc, southwest of the mountain Riti Huasi and north of the mountain Yana Sallayoc.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Paul Muntean", "paragraph_text": "Muntean competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Romania. He teamed with driver Andreas Neagu, Florin Cezar Crăciun, Dănuț Moldovan and Bogdan Laurentiu Otavă in the four-man event, finishing 24th.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Andreas Neagu", "paragraph_text": "Neagu competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Romania. He teamed with Paul Muntean, Florin Cezar Crăciun, Dănuț Moldovan and Bogdan Laurentiu Otavă in the four-man event, finishing 24th.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Florin Nebunu", "paragraph_text": "Florin Nebunu (born April 21, 1987, in Bucharest, Romania) is a Romanian aerobic gymnast. He won three world championships medals (one gold, one silver, and one bronze) and two European championships medals (one gold and one bronze).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bogdan Laurentiu Otavă", "paragraph_text": "Otavă competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Romania. He teamed with driver Andreas Neagu, Paul Muntean, Florin Cezar Crăciun and Dănuț Moldovan in the four-man event, finishing 24th. Otavă was a replacement for the third run only.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Sarvant Glacier", "paragraph_text": "The Sarvant Glacier is a glacier located on the northern slopes of the Cowlitz Chimneys in the state of Washington. Named for Henry M. Sarvant, who mapped Mount Rainier in 1894, the glacier starts at an elevation of about and descends northward down to . There are several patches of permanent ice and snow that lie to the east and west of the glacier. These range in elevation from about to . The patches of ice and snow to the west are labeled Sarvant Glaciers.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "The Alternative Bride", "paragraph_text": "The Alternative Bride (German: Die vertauschte Braut) is a 1925 German silent film directed by Carl Wilhelm and starring Ida Wüst, Bruno Kastner and Paul Heidemann.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "The Great and the Little Love", "paragraph_text": "The Great and the Little Love (German: Die große und die kleine Liebe) is a 1938 German comedy film directed by Josef von Báky and starring Jenny Jugo, Gustav Fröhlich, Rudi Godden. Jugo plays a stewardess working for Lufthansa. It was filmed partly on location in Italy.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 145833, "question": "At what location did Wilhelm Florin die?", "answer": "Moscow", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 90300, "question": "when does it start to snow in #1", "answer": "the beginning of November", "paragraph_support_idx": 5 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Capital gains tax in the United States", "paragraph_text": "In the United States of America, individuals and corporations pay U.S. federal income tax on the net total of all their capital gains. The tax rate depends on both the investor's tax bracket and the amount of time the investment was held. Short - term capital gains are taxed at the investor's ordinary income tax rate and are defined as investments held for a year or less before being sold. Long - term capital gains, on dispositions of assets held for more than one year, are taxed at a lower rate.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Alaska", "paragraph_text": "To finance state government operations, Alaska depends primarily on petroleum revenues and federal subsidies. This allows it to have the lowest individual tax burden in the United States. It is one of five states with no state sales tax, one of seven states that do not levy an individual income tax, and one of the two states that has neither. The Department of Revenue Tax Division reports regularly on the state's revenue sources. The Department also issues an annual summary of its operations, including new state laws that directly affect the tax division.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Montana", "paragraph_text": "Montana's personal income tax contains 7 brackets, with rates ranging from 1 percent to 6.9 percent. Montana has no sales tax. In Montana, household goods are exempt from property taxes. However, property taxes are assessed on livestock, farm machinery, heavy equipment, automobiles, trucks, and business equipment. The amount of property tax owed is not determined solely by the property's value. The property's value is multiplied by a tax rate, set by the Montana Legislature, to determine its taxable value. The taxable value is then multiplied by the mill levy established by various taxing jurisdictions—city and county government, school districts and others.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Mummy Mountain (Nevada)", "paragraph_text": "Mummy Mountain is the second highest peak of the Spring Mountains in Clark County, Nevada, United States. It is the twentieth highest mountain in the state. The mountain is located within the Mount Charleston Wilderness and the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "New York City", "paragraph_text": "New York City has a high degree of income disparity as indicated by its Gini Coefficient of 0.5 for the city overall and 0.6 for Manhattan. The disparity is driven by wage growth in high-income brackets, while wages have stagnated for middle and lower-income brackets. In the first quarter of 2014, the average weekly wage in New York County (Manhattan) was $2,749, representing the highest total among large counties in the United States. In 2013, New York City had the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world, higher than the next five U.S. cities combined, including former Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg. New York also had the highest density of millionaires per capita among major U.S. cities in 2014, at 4.6% of residents. Lower Manhattan has been experiencing a baby boom, with the area south of Canal Street witnessing 1,086 births in 2010, 12% greater than 2009 and over twice the number born in 2001.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Nonprofit organization", "paragraph_text": "Individual states and localities offer nonprofits exemptions from other taxes such as sales tax or property tax. Federal tax-exempt status does not guarantee exemption from state and local taxes, and vice versa. These exemptions generally have separate applications and their requirements may differ from the IRS requirements. Furthermore, even a tax exempt organization may be required to file annual financial reports (IRS Form 990) at the state and federal level. A tax exempt organization's 990 forms are required to be made available for public scrutiny. An example of nonprofit organization in the US is Project Vote Smart.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "History of taxation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports (``tariffs ''), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. There are state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th amendment was ratified.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "State income tax", "paragraph_text": "Nine U.S. states do not level a broad - based individual income tax. Some of these do tax certain forms of personal income:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "History of taxation in the United States", "paragraph_text": "The history of taxation in the United States begins with the colonial protest against British taxation policy in the 1760s, leading to the American Revolution. The independent nation collected taxes on imports (``tariffs ''), whiskey, and (for a while) on glass windows. States and localities collected poll taxes on voters and property taxes on land and commercial buildings. There are state and federal excise taxes. State and federal inheritance taxes began after 1900, while the states (but not the federal government) began collecting sales taxes in the 1930s. The United States imposed income taxes briefly during the Civil War and the 1890s. In 1913, the 16th Amendment was ratified, permanently legalizing an income tax.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "KBLG", "paragraph_text": "In February 2013, KBLG signed a multi-year agreement with Grizzly Sports Properties to broadcast all University of Montana football and men’s basketball games to Billings listeners.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Personal allowance", "paragraph_text": "Married Man's allowance was the allowance for a legally married couple. The allowance was given at the man's highest rate of tax. During the early 1990s the then Chancellor Norman Lamont overhauled the allowance and introduced the 10% allowance, which meant that all men had the same amount of money in their pocket, irrespective of highest tax rate. The allowance was scrapped from April 2000, first being announced in Gordon Brown's 1999 budget, with the exception of people married or in civil partnerships where one spouse was born before 6 April 1935.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tax ladder", "paragraph_text": "Tax ladder is a term sometimes used to refer to the formula for calculating a taxpayer's tax liability in a given year for United States federal personal income tax purposes. The term \"ladder\" is used because as your taxable income increases, you \"climb\" the ladder and your tax rate increases.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "History of education in the United States", "paragraph_text": "After the Revolution, northern states especially emphasized education and rapidly established public schools. By the year 1870, all states had tax - subsidized elementary schools. The US population had one of the highest literacy rates in the world at the time. Private academies also flourished in the towns across the country, but rural areas (where most people lived) had few schools before the 1880s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Sales taxes in the United States", "paragraph_text": "Since January 2017, 5 states (Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire and Oregon) do not levy a statewide sales tax, while California has the highest state sales tax with a base rate of 7.25%. (The territory of Puerto Rico has a higher 10.5% value added tax since April 2016). In some states such as California, counties and cities impose additional sales taxes, and total sales taxes can be over 11%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution", "paragraph_text": "The Sixteenth Amendment (Amendment XVI) to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the United States Census. This amendment exempted income taxes from the constitutional requirements regarding direct taxes, after income taxes on rents, dividends, and interest were ruled to be direct taxes in the court case of Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. (1895). The amendment was adopted on February 3, 1913.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sales taxes in the United States", "paragraph_text": "California, from 1991 to 2012 and since 2017, has a base sales tax of 7.25% (composed of a 6% state tax and a 1.25% uniform local tax) -- the highest statewide sales tax rate in the nation. The tax can total up to 10.25% with local sales tax included, depending on the city in which the purchase is made. Sales and use taxes in the state of California are collected by the publicly elected Board of Equalization, whereas income and franchise taxes are collected by the Franchise Tax Board. Many cities have a combined total sales tax of at least 8.75%.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Goods and services tax (Australia)", "paragraph_text": "The tax was introduced by the Howard Government and commenced on 1 July 2000, replacing the previous federal wholesale sales tax system and designed to phase out a number of various State and Territory Government taxes, duties and levies such as banking taxes and stamp duty.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Little League World Series", "paragraph_text": "The Little League World Series consists of 16 teams -- 8 from the United States, and 8 from other countries. Prior to 2001 there were eight teams in the LLWS: four U.S. teams (Central, South, East, and West) and four international (Canada, Latin America, Europe, and the Far East). It should be noted that in 1975 there were only four teams in the LLWS, all from the United States. The international teams returned in 1976. Starting in 1976, two brackets were established, with the four U.S. regions competing in the U.S. bracket and the four non-U.S. regions competing in the International bracket. The U.S. national champion and the International champion then compete for the World Series title.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Amazon tax", "paragraph_text": "Many U.S. states have passed online shopping sales tax laws designed to compel Amazon.com and other e-commerce retailers to collect state and local sales taxes from its customers. Amazon.com originally collected sales tax only from five states as of 2011, but as of April 2017 collects sales taxes from customers in all 45 states that have a state sales tax and in Washington, D.C. Amazon does not collect sales taxes from Alaska, Delaware, Montana, New Hampshire, and Oregon, since those states do not have state sales taxes. Additionally, approximately half of all Amazon.com purchases are sold on the Amazon Marketplace through 3rd - party vendors, and these purchases remain free of tax except for in Washington state, where these purchases (starting in 2018) are now taxed.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "The Tennessee income tax does not apply to salaries and wages, but most income from stock, bonds and notes receivable is taxable. All taxable dividends and interest which exceed the $1,250 single exemption or the $2,500 joint exemption are taxable at the rate of 6%. The state's sales and use tax rate for most items is 7%. Food is taxed at a lower rate of 5.25%, but candy, dietary supplements and prepared food are taxed at the full 7% rate. Local sales taxes are collected in most jurisdictions, at rates varying from 1.5% to 2.75%, bringing the total sales tax to between 8.5% and 9.75%, one of the highest levels in the nation. Intangible property is assessed on the shares of stock of stockholders of any loan company, investment company, insurance company or for-profit cemetery companies. The assessment ratio is 40% of the value multiplied by the tax rate for the jurisdiction. Tennessee imposes an inheritance tax on decedents' estates that exceed maximum single exemption limits ($1,000,000 for deaths in 2006 and thereafter).", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 131450, "question": "Which state is KBLG located?", "answer": "Montana", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 }, { "id": 39583, "question": "What is the highest tax bracket in #1 ?", "answer": "6.9 percent", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "USA-126", "paragraph_text": "USA-126, also known as GPS IIA-17, GPS II-26 and GPS SVN-40, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the seventeenth of nineteen Block IIA GPS satellites to be launched.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "USA-175", "paragraph_text": "USA-175, also known as GPS IIR-10 and GPS SVN-47, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the tenth Block IIR GPS satellite to be launched, out of thirteen in the original configuration, and twenty one overall. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Global Positioning System", "paragraph_text": "The GPS project was launched by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1973 for use by the United States military and became fully operational in 1995. It was allowed for civilian use in the 1980s. Advances in technology and new demands on the existing system have now led to efforts to modernize the GPS and implement the next generation of GPS Block IIIA satellites and Next Generation Operational Control System (OCX). Announcements from Vice President Al Gore and the White House in 1998 initiated these changes. In 2000, the U.S. Congress authorized the modernization effort, GPS III. During the 1990s, GPS quality was degraded by the United States government in a program called ``Selective Availability '', however, this is no longer the case, and was discontinued in May 2000 by law signed by President Bill Clinton. New GPS receiver devices using the L5 frequency to begin release in 2018 are expected to have a much higher accuracy and pinpoint a device to within 30 centimeters or just under one foot.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kenney Nunatak", "paragraph_text": "Kenney Nunatak () is a conspicuous nunatak rising in Waddington Glacier, south-southwest of Ugolini Peak, in the Royal Society Range of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1994 after Frank J. Kenney, a United States Geological Survey (USGS) cartographer who was a member of a USGS field team for the International Global Positioning System (GPS) Campaign at Byrd Station, McMurdo Station, and in the Pine Island Bay area, 1991–92. The team established the first continuous-tracking GPS reference station in Antarctica.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Pharmaceutical industry", "paragraph_text": "By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extracts were of particular interest to surgeons as hemostatic agents and as treatment for shock, and a number of companies developed products based on adrenal extracts containing varying purities of the active substance. In 1897 John Abel of Johns Hopkins University identified the active principle as epinephrine, which he isolated in an impure state as the sulfate salt. Industrial chemist Jokichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the technology to Parke Davis. Parke Davis marketed epinephrine under the trade name Adrenalin. Injected epinephrine proved to be especially efficacious for the acute treatment of asthma attacks, and an inhaled version was sold in the United States until 2011 (Primatene Mist). By 1929 epinephrine had been formulated into an inhaler for use in the treatment of nasal congestion.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "UGM-133 Trident II", "paragraph_text": "UGM - 133A Trident II A Trident II launch from a submerged Royal Navy submarine. Type SLBM Place of origin United States Service history In service March 1990 Used by United States Navy Royal Navy Production history Manufacturer Lockheed Martin Space Systems Unit cost $37,320,070 (2014) Produced Specifications Weight 130,000 lb (59,000 kg) Length 44 ft 6.6 in (13.579 m) Diameter 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) (1st stage) Warhead 8 -- 12 thermonuclear MIRV (Multiple Independently Targetable re-entry Vehicle), W88 or W76 thermonuclear weapons Engine Three solid - fuel rocket motors; first & second stage -- Thiokol / Hercules solid - fueled rocket; third stage -- United Technologies Corp. solid - fueled rocket Propellant Nitrate ester, Plasticized Polyethylene Glycol Operational range More than 7,500 mi (12,000 km) (exact is classified) Speed Approximately 18,030 mph (29,020 km / h) (Mach 24; 8,060 m / s) (terminal phase) Guidance system MK 6 astro - inertial guidance which is able to receive GPS (Global Positioning System) updates Steering system Single movable nozzle actuated by a gas generator Accuracy 90 m with Mk5 RV Launch platform Ballistic missile submarine", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "SA80", "paragraph_text": "After receiving feedback from users and incorporating the various design changes requested, including adapting the rifle for use with the heavier Belgian SS109 version of the 5.56×45mm round and improving reliability, the weapon system was accepted into service with the British Armed Forces in 1985 as the SA80. The SA80 family originally consisted of the L85A1 Rifle, the L86A1 Light Support Weapon (LSW), and L98A1 Cadet GP Rifle. The first weapons were issued in October 1985.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Lockheed Martin A2100", "paragraph_text": "The A2100 is a communications satellite spacecraft model made by Lockheed Martin Space Systems in the 1990s-2010s for telecommunications in geosynchronous orbit, as well as GOES-R weather satellites and GPS Block IIIA satellites.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "USA-192", "paragraph_text": "USA-192, also known as GPS IIR-16(M), GPS IIRM-3 and GPS SVN-58, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the third of eight Block IIRM satellites to be launched, and the sixteenth of twenty one Block IIR satellites overall. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "OPS 5118", "paragraph_text": "OPS 5118, also known as Navstar 6, GPS I-6 and GPS SVN-6, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1980 as part of the Global Positioning System development programme. It was the sixth of eleven Block I GPS satellites to be launched.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "BeiDou", "paragraph_text": "The ranging signals are based on the CDMA principle and have complex structure typical of Galileo or modernized GPS. Similar to the other GNSS, there will be two levels of positioning service: open and restricted (military). The public service shall be available globally to general users. When all the currently planned GNSS systems are deployed, the users will benefit from the use of a total constellation of 75+ satellites, which will significantly improve all the aspects of positioning, especially availability of the signals in so-called urban canyons. The general designer of the COMPASS navigation system is Sun Jiadong, who is also the general designer of its predecessor, the original BeiDou navigation system.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Tuberculosis", "paragraph_text": "The World Health Organization declared TB a \"global health emergency\" in 1993, and in 2006, the Stop TB Partnership developed a Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis that aims to save 14 million lives between its launch and 2015. A number of targets they have set are not likely to be achieved by 2015, mostly due to the increase in HIV-associated tuberculosis and the emergence of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis. A tuberculosis classification system developed by the American Thoracic Society is used primarily in public health programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Global Positioning System", "paragraph_text": "The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a space - based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force. It is a global navigation satellite system that provides geolocation and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Southampton", "paragraph_text": "There are two main termini for bus services. As the biggest operator, First uses stops around Pound Tree Road. This leaves the other terminal of West Quay available for other operators. Uni-link passes West Quay in both directions, and Wilts & Dorset drop passengers off and pick them up there, terminating at a series of bus stands along the road. Certain Bluestar services also do this, while others stop at Bargate and some loop round West Quay, stopping at Hanover Buildings. There was a tram system from 1879 to 1949.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Fight-or-flight response", "paragraph_text": "The reaction begins in the amygdala, which triggers a neural response in the hypothalamus. The initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland and secretion of the hormone ACTH. The adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine. The release of chemical messengers results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system. The initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered in an effort to create a boost of energy. This boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose. Additionally, the circulation of cortisol functions to turn fatty acids into available energy, which prepares muscles throughout the body for response. Catecholamine hormones, such as adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine), facilitate immediate physical reactions associated with a preparation for violent muscular action and:", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "OPS 5112", "paragraph_text": "OPS 5112, also known as Navstar 2, NDS-2, GPS I-2 and GPS SVN-2, was an American navigation satellite launched in 1978 as part of the Global Positioning System development programme. It was the second of eleven Block I GPS satellites to be launched.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Delamanid", "paragraph_text": "The medication was not readily available globally as of 2015. It was believed that pricing will be similar to bedaquiline, which for six months is approximately US$900 in low income countries, US$3,000 in middle income countries, and US$30,000 in high income countries. As of 2016 the Stop TB Partnership had an agreement to get the medication for US$1,700 per six month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Google Maps", "paragraph_text": "Google Traffic is available by selecting ``Traffic ''from a drop - down menu on Google Maps. A colored overlay appears on top of major roads and motorways, with green representing a normal speed of traffic, yellow representing slower traffic conditions, red indicating congestion, and dark red (previously red and black) indicates nearly stopped or stop and go traffic. Grey indicates there is no data available.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Phantom (UAV)", "paragraph_text": "The Phantom 3, released in April 2015, adds built - in lightbridge downlink, that gives the controller a maximum range of 4800 meters (3 miles), and the visual positioning system, that allows the Phantom 3 to better maintain its position at lower altitudes and even indoors where GPS is weak or unavailable. The remote for Professional and Advanced models also has 2 antennas.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "USA-166", "paragraph_text": "USA-166, also known as GPS IIR-8 and GPS SVN-56, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the eighth Block IIR GPS satellite to be launched, out of thirteen in the original configuration, and twenty one overall. It was built by Lockheed Martin, using the AS-4000 satellite bus.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 65323, "question": "where did the global positioning system (gps) originate", "answer": "the United States", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 }, { "id": 16350, "question": "When did epinephrine stop being available in #1 ?", "answer": "2011", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Nanjing", "paragraph_text": "In 1937, the Empire of Japan started a full-scale invasion of China after invading Manchuria in 1931, beginning the Second Sino-Japanese War (often considered a theatre of World War II). Their troops occupied Nanjing in December and carried out the systematic and brutal Nanking Massacre (the \"Rape of Nanking\"). Even children, the elderly, and nuns are reported to have suffered at the hands of the Imperial Japanese Army. The total death toll, including estimates made by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal, was between 300,000 and 350,000. The city itself was also severely damaged during the massacre. The Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall was built in 1985 to commemorate this event.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Detroit", "paragraph_text": "Numerous men from Detroit volunteered to fight for the Union during the American Civil War, including the 24th Michigan Infantry Regiment (part of the legendary Iron Brigade), which fought with distinction and suffered 82% casualties at the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863. When the First Volunteer Infantry Regiment arrived to fortify Washington, DC, President Abraham Lincoln is quoted as saying \"Thank God for Michigan!\" George Armstrong Custer led the Michigan Brigade during the Civil War and called them the \"Wolverines\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Finedon railway station", "paragraph_text": "Finedon railway station was built by the Midland Railway in 1857 on its extension from Leicester to Bedford and Hitchin.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Where the Corpses Sink Forever", "paragraph_text": "Where the Corpses Sink Forever is the third studio album by the Dutch symphonic black metal band Carach Angren. It was released on May 18, 2012 via Season of Mist. The concept of this album is not about a Dutch urban legend or ghost stories, like the previous two albums, but it deals with war. The album contains references to World Wars I and II, as well as the Vietnam War. The first track is a tape recording of a soldier who was ordered to shoot seven prisoners of war, and each shot can be heard. The soldier explains the strange and wicked sensations he felt as he shot each of the prisoners; they were grinning happily as he tried to kill them, and it seemed like the shots went through them, but they were actually demons who captured the soldier's soul in a time loop, making him suffer for eternity. Many of the songs in this album describe the deeds of each of the seven fiends; death, war, suffering.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "GER Class 127", "paragraph_text": "The GER Class 127 was a class of a solitary experimental 0-6-0 compound steam locomotive built by the Great Eastern Railway at its Stratford Works in 1888. It was rebuilt as a simple locomotive in 1895, and withdrawn in 1913.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Darmstadt Nord station", "paragraph_text": "The Darmstadt Nord station building was built from 1909 to 1912 as part of the realignment of the railways around Darmstadt to serve the employees of the Merck company. The listed station, was built in a traditional style of architecture typical of the early 20th century, according to the design of the head of planning of the Railway divisions of Mainz (a joint division of the Prussian state railways and the Grand Duchy of Hesse State Railways), Frederick Mettegang. The entrance building is at ground level and is built above the tracks and is connected by stairs to its two platforms. The southern platform canopy is built out of iron in a neoclassical design from the early years of the railway in Darmstadt. It comes from an unknown station and was rebuilt at the new Darmstadt Nord Station.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Somerset", "paragraph_text": "Many Somerset soldiers died during the First World War, with the Somerset Light Infantry suffering nearly 5,000 casualties. War memorials were put up in most of the county's towns and villages; only nine, described as the Thankful Villages, had none of their residents killed. During the Second World War the county was a base for troops preparing for the D-Day landings. Some of the hospitals which were built for the casualties of the war remain in use. The Taunton Stop Line was set up to repel a potential German invasion. The remains of its pill boxes can still be seen along the coast, and south through Ilminster and Chard.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Electric motor", "paragraph_text": "Operating at normal power line frequencies, universal motors are often found in a range less than 1000 watts. Universal motors also formed the basis of the traditional railway traction motor in electric railways. In this application, the use of AC to power a motor originally designed to run on DC would lead to efficiency losses due to eddy current heating of their magnetic components, particularly the motor field pole-pieces that, for DC, would have used solid (un-laminated) iron and they are now rarely used.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "VHF Records", "paragraph_text": "VHF Records is an American record label, known for their extensive work with several major experimental artists. The label is based in the Washington, DC suburb of Fairfax, Va., and it initially focused on indie and experimental bands from that region. The label has since branched out to release innovative and offbeat music from around the world, although Northern Virginia artists are still prominently featured in the catalog.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Salzwedel station", "paragraph_text": "Salzwedel station was built in 1870 during the construction of the Stendal–Uelzen railway (part of the America Line from Berlin to Bremen and Bremerhaven) by the Magdeburg-Halberstadt Railway Company. Railways formerly ran in seven directions from Salzwedel station or Salzwedel Neustadt station (which lay to the immediate east), as the table below shows. A locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk) was built directly next to it in order to service these routes. During the Second World War, the station area was destroyed in an air raid on 22 February 1945, which caused about 300 deaths. Of the seven lines, only the Stendal–Uelzen railway remain. During the division of Germany the line was cut at the border, but continuous operations were restored on 19 December 1999. It has been extensively modernised since reunification and electrified so that it can be used an alternative route for Intercity-Express train from Berlin to Hamburg.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Kilburn High Road railway station", "paragraph_text": "Kilburn High Road railway station is a London Overground station on the London Euston to Watford DC Line near the south end of the Kilburn High Road, London NW6 in the London Borough of Camden.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "In the UK, the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway pioneered overhead electrification of its suburban lines in London, London Bridge to Victoria being opened to traffic on 1 December 1909. Victoria to Crystal Palace via Balham and West Norwood opened in May 1911. Peckham Rye to West Norwood opened in June 1912. Further extensions were not made owing to the First World War. Two lines opened in 1925 under the Southern Railway serving Coulsdon North and Sutton railway station. The lines were electrified at 6.7 kV 25 Hz. It was announced in 1926 that all lines were to be converted to DC third rail and the last overhead electric service ran in September 1929.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "Railways must operate at variable speeds. Until the mid 1980s this was only practical with the brush-type DC motor, although such DC can be supplied from an AC catenary via on-board electric power conversion. Since such conversion was not well developed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, most early electrified railways used DC and many still do, particularly rapid transit (subways) and trams. Speed was controlled by connecting the traction motors in various series-parallel combinations, by varying the traction motors' fields, and by inserting and removing starting resistances to limit motor current.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "LMS diesel shunter 7050", "paragraph_text": "LMS diesel shunter 7050 is an experimental 0-4-0 diesel-mechanical shunting locomotive, introduced by the London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMSR) in 1934 and which remained in service with that railway for six years. It was later acquired for military use and is now preserved at the National Railway Museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "The Death of Superman (film)", "paragraph_text": "The Death of Superman is an upcoming animated superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment. It is based on the DC Comics comic book storyline of the same name. The film, which chronicles the battle between Superman (Jerry O'Connell) and Doomsday, will be the 32nd installment in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line and the 11th film in the DC Animated Movie Universe. The Death of Superman will be released August 7, 2018. A sequel, Reign of the Supermen, will be released in 2019.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "French Fourth Republic", "paragraph_text": "The French Fourth Republic () was the republican government of France between 1946 and 1958, governed by the fourth republican constitution. It was in many ways a revival of the Third Republic that was in place from 1870 during the Franco-Prussian War to 1940 during World War II, and suffered many of the same problems. France adopted the constitution of the Fourth Republic on 13 October 1946.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "British Rail 18100", "paragraph_text": "British Rail 18100 was a prototype main line gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1951 by Metropolitan-Vickers, Manchester. It had, however, been ordered by the Great Western Railway in the 1940s, but construction was delayed due to World War II. It spent its working life on the Western Region of British Railways, operating express passenger services from Paddington station, London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "History of rail transport in India", "paragraph_text": "India's first railway proposals were made in Madras in 1832. The Red Hill Railway, the country's first train, ran from Red Hills to Chintadripet bridge in Madras in 1837. It was hauled by a rotary steam - engine locomotive manufactured by William Avery. Built by Arthur Cotton, the railway was primarily used to transport granite stone for road - building work in Madras. In 1845, the Godavari Dam Construction Railway was built at Dowleswaram in Rajahmundry. Also built by Cotton, it supplied stone for the construction of a dam over the Godavari River.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Railway electrification system", "paragraph_text": "There has, however, been interest among railroad operators in returning to DC use at higher voltages than previously used. At the same voltage, DC often has less loss than AC, and for this reason high-voltage direct current is already used on some bulk power transmission lines. DC avoids the electromagnetic radiation inherent with AC, and on a railway this also reduces interference with signalling and communications and mitigates hypothetical EMF risks. DC also avoids the power factor problems of AC. Of particular interest to railroading is that DC can supply constant power with a single ungrounded wire. Constant power with AC requires three-phase transmission with at least two ungrounded wires. Another important consideration is that mains-frequency 3-phase AC must be carefully planned to avoid unbalanced phase loads. Parts of the system are supplied from different phases on the assumption that the total loads of the 3 phases will even out. At the phase break points between regions supplied from different phases, long insulated supply breaks are required to avoid them being shorted by rolling stock using more than one pantograph at a time. A few railroads have tried 3-phase but its substantial complexity has made single-phase standard practice despite the interruption in power flow that occurs twice every cycle. An experimental 6 kV DC railway was built in the Soviet Union.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Keadby railway station", "paragraph_text": "The original Keadby railway station was the eastern-most terminus of the South Yorkshire Railway. The railway, which was extended from Thorne and opened in September 1859 was built without an Act of Parliament, as the railway company owned the canal alongside which they built the line.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 32290, "question": "Where was an experimental 6kV DC railway built?", "answer": "the Soviet Union", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 }, { "id": 33301, "question": "How many deaths did #1 suffer in the war?", "answer": "23 million", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Green Revolution in India", "paragraph_text": "The Green Revolution in India refers to a period of time when agriculture in India changed to an industrial system due to the adoption of modern methods and technology such as high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, tractors, pump sets, etc. Green revolution was started by Dr. M.S. Swaminathan. The key leadership role played by the Indian agricultural scientist Vehla Swaminathan Banda together with many others including GS Kalkat, earned him the popularly used title 'Father of Green Revolution of India'. The Green Revolution allowed developing countries, like India, to try to overcome poor agricultural productivity. Within India, this started in the early 1960s and led to an increase in food grain production, especially in Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh during the early phase. The main development was higher - yielding varieties of wheat, for developing rust resistant strains of wheat.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Modern history", "paragraph_text": "During the Gilded Age, there was substantial growth in population in the United States and extravagant displays of wealth and excess of America's upper-class during the post-Civil War and post-Reconstruction era, in the late 19th century. The wealth polarization derived primarily from industrial and population expansion. The businessmen of the Second Industrial Revolution created industrial towns and cities in the Northeast with new factories, and contributed to the creation of an ethnically diverse industrial working class which produced the wealth owned by rising super-rich industrialists and financiers called the \"robber barons\". An example is the company of John D. Rockefeller, who was an important figure in shaping the new oil industry. Using highly effective tactics and aggressive practices, later widely criticized, Standard Oil absorbed or destroyed most of its competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Marie-Christine Gessinger", "paragraph_text": "Born in Lower Austria, Gessinger began modeling after taking part in Ford's Supermodel of the World contest at the age of 15, winning the Vienna preliminary competition and representing Austria at the New York finale.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "2013 NRL season", "paragraph_text": "The 2013 NRL season was the 106th season of professional rugby league club competition in Australia. The National Rugby League's main competition, named the 2013 Telstra Premiership after major sponsors Telstra Corporation, was contested by sixteen teams during the regular season, which lasted from March to September, and resulted in the top eight finishing teams, who went on to contest the finals. The season culminated in the Grand Final, in which the Sydney Roosters defeated the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles 26-18 to win their first NRL premiership since 2002.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "FC Barcelona", "paragraph_text": "On 11 August, Barcelona started the 2015–16 season winning a joint record fifth European Super Cup by beating Sevilla FC 5–4 in the 2015 UEFA Super Cup. They ended the year with a 3–0 win over Argentine club River Plate in the 2015 FIFA Club World Cup Final on 20 December to win the trophy for a record third time, with Suárez, Messi and Iniesta the top three players of the tournament. The FIFA Club World Cup was Barcelona's 20th international title, a record only matched by Egyptian club Al Ahly SC. By scoring 180 goals in 2015 in all competitions, Barcelona set the record for most goals scored in a calendar year, breaking Real Madrid's record of 178 goals scored in 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Serbia won the final against Brazil 2 -- 1, becoming the first team representing the country to win a FIFA competition title since their independence from Yugoslavia and the dissolution of Serbia and Montenegro. Yugoslavia previously won the 1987 FIFA World Youth Championship.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Early modern Europe", "paragraph_text": "Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century. Historians variously mark the beginning of the early modern period with the invention of moveable type printing in the 1450s, the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the end of the Wars of the Roses in 1487, the beginning of the High Renaissance in Italy in the 1490s, the end of the Reconquista and subsequent voyages of Christopher Columbus to the Americas in 1492, or the start of the Protestant Reformation in 1517. The precise dates of its end point also vary and are usually linked with either the start of the French Revolution in 1789 or with the more vaguely defined beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "List of European Cup and UEFA Champions League finals", "paragraph_text": "A total of 20 clubs have won the Champions League / European Cup. Real Madrid hold the record for the most victories, having won the competition 13 times, including the inaugural competition. They have also won the competition the most times in a row, winning it five times from 1956 to 1960. Juventus have been runners - up the most times, losing seven finals. Atlético Madrid is the only team to reach three finals without having won the trophy while Reims and Valencia have finished as runners - up twice without winning. Spain has provided the most champions, with 18 wins from two clubs. Italy have produced 12 winners from three clubs and England have produced 12 winners from five clubs. English teams were banned from the competition for five years following the Heysel disaster in 1985. The current champions are Real Madrid, who beat Liverpool in the 2018 final.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "NBA Finals", "paragraph_text": "A total of 19 franchises have won the NBA Finals, with the Golden State Warriors the current champion. The Boston Celtics hold the record for the most victories, having won the competition 17 times, as well as winning the competition the most times in a row, winning it eight times from 1959 to 1966. The Los Angeles Lakers have contested the NBA Finals the most times, with 31 appearances. The Eastern Conference has provided the most champions, with 38 wins from ten franchises; the Western Conference has 32, from nine franchises.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Industrial Revolution", "paragraph_text": "The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and social changes. Eric Hobsbawm held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s, while T.S. Ashton held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830. Rapid industrialization first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s, with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. Mechanized textile production spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron and coal emerging in Belgium and the United States and later textiles in France.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "List of All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners", "paragraph_text": "Kilkenny hold the record for the most victories, winning the competition thirty - six times since its inception. They have also won the competition the most times in - a-row, winning it four times from 2006 to 2009, a record they share with Cork who won it four times from 1941 to 1944. Kilkenny have also been runners - up the most times, losing the final twenty - five times. The province of Munster has provided the most champions, with seventy - one wins between all six counties.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "2011–12 Azerbaijan Cup", "paragraph_text": "The Azerbaijan Cup 2011–12 is the 20th season of the annual cup competition in Azerbaijan. It started on 26 October 2011 with five games of the Premiliary Round and will end in May 2012 with the Final. FC Inter Baku are the defending champions. Twenty-two teams are scheduled to compete in this year's competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Major Parkinson", "paragraph_text": "Major Parkinson was started in 2003 by Jon Ivar Kollbotn, Eivind Gammersvik, André Lund and Jan Are Rønhovde. In the same year, they won the Eggstock festival in Bergen, as well as the local band competition finals in Zoom.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "2010 FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "In the final, Spain, the European champions, defeated the Netherlands (third - time losing finalists) 1 -- 0 after extra time, with Andrés Iniesta's goal in the 116th minute giving Spain their first world title. Spain became the eighth nation to win the tournament and the first European nation to win a World Cup hosted outside its home continent: all previous World Cups held outside Europe had been won by South American nations. As a result of their win, Spain represented the World in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup. Host nation South Africa, 2006 champions Italy and 2006 runners - up France were all eliminated in the first round of the tournament. It was the first time that the hosts had been eliminated in the first round. New Zealand, with their three draws, were the only undefeated team in the tournament, but they were also eliminated in the first round.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "FIFA Club World Cup", "paragraph_text": "Barcelona hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times. Corinthians' inaugural victory remains the best result from a host nation's national league champions. Teams from Spain have won the tournament five times, the most for any nation.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Big Brother 19 (American season)", "paragraph_text": "Following Kevin's eviction, the HouseGuests engaged in their final battle in the Tail of the Unicorn Part 1 of the Final Head of Household competition. In this competition, HouseGuests must stand on their cloud and hold on to the tail of their unicorn. If a HouseGuest lets go of their tail, they will be eliminated. The last HouseGuest standing will win Part 1 and advance to Part 3. Paul was the winner. Josh and Christmas then faced off in the Knock 'Em Down Part 2 of the Final Head of Household competition. In this competition, HouseGuests were shown a series of scrolls. They must knock down the HouseGuests who do not apply to the clue. The HouseGuest who completes the three scrolls correctly faster will win Part 2 and face Paul in Part 3. Josh was the winner. Paul and Josh had the final showdown in the Scales of Just - Us Part 3 of the Final Head of Household competition. In this competition, HouseGuests were read a series of statements from the jury. They must guess how each juror completed their statement. A correct answer gave them a point. The HouseGuest with the most points after eight questions will be the final Head of Household. Josh was the winner. On Day 92, Josh cast the sole vote to evict Christmas. She became the ninth and final member of the jury. On Day 92, after receiving Cody, Elena, Mark, Alex, and Jason's votes, Josh was deemed the winner of Big Brother 19. Paul was declared the runner - up, securing the votes of Matt, Raven, Kevin, and Christmas. Cody was revealed to be America's Favorite HouseGuest and received $25,000.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Melodifestivalen 1974", "paragraph_text": "Melodifestivalen 1974 was the selection for the 15th song to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. It was the 14th time that this system of picking a song had been used. 10 songwriters were selected by SR for the competition. The final was broadcast on TV1 but was not broadcast on radio. ABBA went on to win that year's Eurovision Song Contest in Brighton, Sweden's first Eurovision win.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "2014 UEFA Europa League Final", "paragraph_text": "The 2014 UEFA Europa League Final was the final match of the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League, the 43rd season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the fifth season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League. It was played at the Juventus Stadium in Turin, Italy on 14 May 2014, between Spanish side Sevilla and Portuguese side Benfica. Sevilla won the match 4–2 on penalties, following a 0–0 draw after extra time.Sevilla secured their third title in eight years, after winning the competition in 2006 and 2007. With this triumph, they joined Juventus (1977, 1990, 1993), Internazionale (1991, 1994, 1998) and Liverpool (1973, 1976, 2001) as the teams with the most wins. Benfica lost their second consecutive UEFA Europa League final, following their defeat against Chelsea in the 2013 final. Including their runner-up finish in 1983, Benfica are the team with the most lost finals in the competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)", "paragraph_text": "The 2016 / 17 season was one of Arsenal's most testing for competitions in Europe, having taken a race with Liverpool and Manchester City to the final day of the season. Despite winning 3 - 1 against Everton, results elsewhere meant they only finished fifth, missing out on a Champions League spot for the first time in two decades. However Arsenal won the FA Cup Final 2 - 1 against Chelsea. This was their third win in four seasons and made them the most successful club in the history of the competition.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "List of FIFA Club World Cup finals", "paragraph_text": "Barcelona and Real Madrid hold the record for most victories, winning the competition three times each since its inception. Teams from Spain have won the tournament the most times, with six winners produced from that nation. The Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) is the most successful confederation of the competition with ten titles earned by six of its clubs. The current champions are Real Madrid, who were defending champions and won their third title, following a 1 -- 0 win against Grêmio in the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup Final at the Zayed Sports City Stadium in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159801, "question": "Who Spain win against in the final of the competition?", "answer": "Germany", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 59031, "question": "when did the industrial revolution start in #1", "answer": "1834", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "FIFA World Cup", "paragraph_text": "The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the preceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase, which is often called the World Cup Finals. After this, 32 teams, including the automatically qualifying host nation (s), compete in the tournament phase for the title at venues within the host nation (s) over a period of about a month.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ashgabat", "paragraph_text": "The Kopet-Dag mountain range is about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to the south, and Ashgabat's northern boundary touches the Kara-Kum desert. Because of this Ashgabat has a cold desert climate (Köppen climate classification: BWk) with hot, dry summers and cool, short winters. The average high temperature in July is 38.3 °C (100.9 °F). Nighttimes in the summer are warm, with an average minimum temperature in July of 23.8 °C (75 °F). The average January high temperature is 8.6 °C (47.5 °F), and the average low temperature is −0.4 °C (31.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Ashgabat is 47.2 °C (117 °F), recorded in June 2015. A low temperature of −24.1 °C (−11 °F) was recorded in January 1969. Snow is infrequent in the area. Annual precipitation is only 201 millimetres (7.91 in); March and April are the wettest months, and summer drought, from late June to September, is virtually absolute.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Saint Helena", "paragraph_text": "ADSL-broadband service is provided with maximum speeds of up to 1536 KBit/s downstream and 512 KBit/s upstream offered on contract levels from lite £16 per month to gold+ at £190 per month. There are a few public WiFi hotspots in Jamestown, which are also being operated by SURE (formerly Cable & Wireless).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Rough Dreams", "paragraph_text": "Rough Dreams is an album by Shivaree, released by Odeon Records in 2002. Due to disputes with the label, \"Rough Dreams\" was not officially released in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Principality of Sealand", "paragraph_text": "The Principality of Sealand, commonly known as Sealand, is a micronation that claims Roughs Tower, an offshore platform in the North Sea approximately off the coast of Suffolk, as its territory. Roughs Tower is a disused Maunsell Sea Fort, originally called HM Fort Roughs, built as an anti-aircraft gun platform by the British during World War II.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Rock River Renegades", "paragraph_text": "Rock River Renegades is a 1942 American film directed by S. Roy Luby, one of the films in the Range Busters series.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Nohkalikai Falls", "paragraph_text": "Nohkalikai Falls is the tallest plunge waterfall in India. Its height is 1115 feet (340 metres), making it as the highest waterfall in India. The waterfall is located near Cherrapunji, one of the wettest places on Earth. Nohkalikai Falls are fed by the rainwater collected on the summit of comparatively small plateau and decrease in power during the dry season in December - February. Below the falls there has formed a plunge pool with unusual green colored water.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Generation time", "paragraph_text": "In population biology and demography, the generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population. In human populations, the generation time typically ranges from 22 to 32 years. Historians sometimes use this to date events, by converting generations into years to obtain rough estimates of time.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Lake Tshangalele", "paragraph_text": "Lake Tshangalele, also known as Lake Lufira or Mwadingusha Reservoir, is an artificial lake in the south-east of the Democratic Republic of Congo. It is located about 20 km east of the city of Likasi in the old province of Katanga. It lies at about 1,100 m above sea-level in a large depression surrounded by low mountains. It was created by a dam built on the Lufira River near Mwadingusha in 1926 to provide hydro-electric power. The area of open water is about 362.5 km. During the wettest months of February and March, the area flooded reaches a maximum of 440 km. The lake is shallow with a mean depth of only 2.6 m.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Tennessee", "paragraph_text": "Most of the state has a humid subtropical climate, with the exception of some of the higher elevations in the Appalachians, which are classified as having a mountain temperate climate or a humid continental climate due to cooler temperatures. The Gulf of Mexico is the dominant factor in the climate of Tennessee, with winds from the south being responsible for most of the state's annual precipitation. Generally, the state has hot summers and mild to cool winters with generous precipitation throughout the year, with highest average monthly precipitation generally in the winter and spring months, between December and April. The driest months, on average, are August to October. On average the state receives 50 inches (130 cm) of precipitation annually. Snowfall ranges from 5 inches (13 cm) in West Tennessee to over 16 inches (41 cm) in the higher mountains in East Tennessee.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Climate of Islamabad", "paragraph_text": "The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov − Feb), Spring (March − April), Summer (May − June), Rainy Monsoon (July − August) and Autumn (September − October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 ° C (100.4 ° F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of − 3.9 ° C (25.0 ° F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 ° C (115.0 ° F) in June. The average low is 2 ° C (35.6 ° F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 ° C (100.6 ° F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 ° C (115.7 ° F) in June, while the lowest temperature was − 4 ° C (24.8 ° F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "From the Rough", "paragraph_text": "From the Rough is a sports drama film based on the true story of Catana Starks, a former Tennessee State Tigers swim coach, who became the first woman ever to coach a college men’s golf team. With drive, passion, and guts, she took an unruly group of mismatched kids from around the world and guided them to an all-time record at the PGA National Collegiate Minority Championship.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Nikanassin Range", "paragraph_text": "The Nikanassin Range s a group of mountain ranges in the Canadian Rockies on the eastern edge of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is developed south-east of the Fiddle Range, and one of the front ranges. \"Nikanassin\" means \"first range\" in Cree.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "San Diego", "paragraph_text": "Rainfall along the coast averages about 10 inches (250 mm) of precipitation annually. The average (mean) rainfall is 10.65 inches (271 mm) and the median is 9.6 inches (240 mm). Most of the rainfall occurs during the cooler months. The months of December through March supply most of the rain, with February the only month averaging 2 inches (51 mm) or more of rain. The months of May through September tend to be almost completely dry. Though there are few wet days per month during the rainy period, rainfall can be heavy when it does fall. Rainfall is usually greater in the higher elevations of San Diego; some of the higher elevation areas of San Diego can receive 11–15 inches (280–380 mm) of rain a year. Variability of rainfall can be extreme: in the wettest years of 1883/1884 and 1940/1941 more than 24 inches (610 mm) fell in the city, whilst in the driest years as little as 3.2 inches (80 mm) has fallen for a full year. The wettest month on record has been December 1921 with 9.21 inches (234 mm).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Piz Mingèr", "paragraph_text": "Piz Mingèr (3,114 m) is a mountain in the Sesvenna Range of the Alps, located west of S-charl in the canton of Graubünden. It lies on the range north of Piz Foraz, between the Val Plavna and the Val S-charl.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "MacQuarrie Edge", "paragraph_text": "MacQuarrie Edge () is a rock scarp rising to about in the northern part of the Otter Highlands, in the western Shackleton Range, Antarctica. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Alister S. MacQuarrie (1935–1970), a British Antarctic Survey tractor mechanic at Halley Station, 1968–69, who worked in the Shackleton Range.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Portugal", "paragraph_text": "Both the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a subtropical climate, although variations between islands exist, making weather predictions very difficult (owing to rough topography). The Madeira and Azorean archipelagos have a narrower temperature range, with annual average temperatures exceeding 20 °C (68 °F) along the coast (according to the Portuguese Meteorological Institute). Some islands in Azores do have drier months in the summer. Consequently, the island of the Azores have been identified as having a Mediterranean climate (both Csa and Csb types), while some islands (such as Flores or Corvo) are classified as Maritime Temperate (Cfb) and Humid subtropical (Cfa), respectively, according to Köppen-Geiger classification.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Joseph Ragusa", "paragraph_text": "In 1998, Ragusa signed with the Long Island Rough Riders of the USL First Division. In February 2000, the San Jose Earthquakes selected Ragusa in the second rough (18th overall) of the 2000 MLS SuperDraft. The Earthquakes released him in the pre-season and he returned to the Rough Riders. Ragusa left Long Island following the 2001 season, but returned in 2004. In July 2004, the Roughriders released him.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Kitulgala", "paragraph_text": "Kitulgala is a small town in the west of Sri Lanka. It is in the wet zone rain forest, which gets two monsoons each year, and is one of the wettest places in the country. Nevertheless, it comes alive in the first three months of the year, especially in February, the driest month. The Academy Award-winning \"The Bridge on the River Kwai\" was filmed on the Kelani River near Kitulgala, although nothing remains now except the concrete foundations for the bridge (and, supposedly, the submerged train cars that plunged into the river in the climactic scene). Kitulgala is also a base for white-water rafting, which starts a few kilometres upstream and also popular as a location for adventure based training programs.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Greater Landover, Maryland", "paragraph_text": "Greater Landover was a census-designated place (CDP) in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, during the 2000 census. The population was 22,900 at that time. As of 2007, the rough estimate given by the census was at 22,665. For the 2010 U.S. Census, the area was designated the Landover CDP.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 137037, "question": "Which place is From the Rough in?", "answer": "Tennessee", "paragraph_support_idx": 11 }, { "id": 31260, "question": "Which range of months is #1 's wettest?", "answer": "between December and April", "paragraph_support_idx": 9 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "ANESVAD Foundation", "paragraph_text": "The Foundation declares its main objectives, as health assistance, social development and public awareness. It works in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Dominican Republic, Venezuela), Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Philippines, India, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), Africa (Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Eritrea, Ghana), Europe (Spain, Geneva).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Cameroon Airlines Flight 3701", "paragraph_text": "Cameroon Airlines Flight 3701 was an air accident that occurred on 3 December 1995. The Boeing 737-200, registration TJ-CBE, crashed after it lost control near Douala, Cameroon. On its second approach to Douala International Airport power was lost to one engine. The accident killed 71 passengers and crew and five people were injured but survived.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ursula's sunbird", "paragraph_text": "Ursula's sunbird (\"Cinnyris ursulae\") is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in western Cameroon and Bioko island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Oryx Douala", "paragraph_text": "Oryx Club de Douala is a football club from Douala, Cameroon, that achieved most of its success in the 1960s.It won the inaugural African Cup of Champions Clubs in 1964 beating Stade Malien on a score of 2–1 in the final, and so becoming the first club outfit from Cameroon to win the title. They have also won five league titles and the Cameroon Cup three times, most of which came in the 1960s.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Tabiry", "paragraph_text": "Tabiry was the daughter of Alara of Nubia and his wife Kasaqa and the wife of King Piye. She held some interesting titles: Main King’s Wife, first of her majesty (\"hmt niswt 'at tpit n hm.f\") (the only other queen to hold the Main King's Wife title was Nefertiti) and “The Great One of the Foreign Country” (\"ta-aat-khesut\"). She also holds the more standard titles of King's Wife (\"hmt niswt\"), King's Daughter (\"s3t niswt\"), and King's Sister (\"snt niswt\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Alberto II della Scala", "paragraph_text": "Alberto II della Scala (1306 – 13 September 1352) was lord of Verona from 1329 until his death. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "Jewish communities were expelled from England in 1290 and from France in 1306. Although some were allowed back into France, most were not, and many Jews emigrated eastwards, settling in Poland and Hungary. The Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, and dispersed to Turkey, France, Italy, and Holland. The rise of banking in Italy during the 13th century continued throughout the 14th century, fuelled partly by the increasing warfare of the period and the needs of the papacy to move money between kingdoms. Many banking firms loaned money to royalty, at great risk, as some were bankrupted when kings defaulted on their loans.[AE]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Cameroon", "paragraph_text": "Its foreign policy closely follows that of its main ally, France (one of its former colonial rulers). Cameroon relies heavily on France for its defence, although military spending is high in comparison to other sectors of government.President Biya has engaged in a decades-long clash with the government of Nigeria over possession of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula. Cameroon and Nigeria share a 1,000-mile (1 600 km) border and have disputed the sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula. In 1994 Cameroon petitioned the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute. The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. In 2002, the ICJ ruled that the Anglo-German Agreement of 1913 gave sovereignty to Cameroon. The ruling called for a withdrawal by both countries and denied the request by Cameroon for compensation due to Nigeria's long-term occupation. By 2004, Nigeria had failed to meet the deadline to handover the peninsula. A UN-mediated summit in June 2006 facilitated an agreement for Nigeria to withdraw from the region and both leaders signed the Greentree Agreement. The withdrawal and handover of control was completed by August 2006.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Bossembélé", "paragraph_text": "Bossembélé is a small town in Yaloke-Bossembele, in the Ombella-M'Poko Prefecture of the Central African Republic, lying 157 miles north west of Bangui on the main road to Cameroon. It is known for its market and its nightlife and is home to a cinema and an airstrip. The Lambi Falls lie near the town.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Camair-Co", "paragraph_text": "The Cameroon Airlines Corporation, trading as Camair-Co, is an airline from Cameroon, serving as flag carrier of the country, a role which was previously filled by the now-defunct Cameroon Airlines. Camair-Co has its headquarters in the Immeuble La Rotonde in Douala, and operates out of Douala International Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Cameroon olive pigeon", "paragraph_text": "The Cameroon olive pigeon (\"Columba sjostedti\") is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Cameroon and adjacent Nigeria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Frederick William III of Prussia", "paragraph_text": "In 1813, following Napoleon's defeat in Russia, Frederick William turned against France and signed an alliance with Russia at Kalisz, although he had to flee Berlin, still under French occupation. Prussian troops played a key part in the victories of the allies in 1813 and 1814, and the King himself travelled with the main army of Prince Schwarzenberg, along with Alexander of Russia and Francis of Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Kingdom of Bamum", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Bamum (also spelled Bamoum, Bamun, Bamoun, or Mum) (1394–1884) was a pre-colonial Central African state in what is now northwest Cameroon. It was founded by the Mbum, a Bantu ethnic group from northeast Cameroon. Its capital was the ancient walled city of Fumban.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Battle of Chumonchin Chan", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chumonchin Chan or the Action of 2 July 1950 was the battle fought between surface combatants during the main phase of the Korean War. It began after an Allied flotilla encountered a Korean People's Navy supply fleet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford", "paragraph_text": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 – 20 January 1336) was born in St Clement's, Oxford to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, a daughter of Edward I of England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Battle of Methven", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Methven took place at Methven, Scotland on 19 June 1306, during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The battlefield was researched to be included in the Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland and protected by Historic Scotland under the Scottish Historical Environment Policy of 2009 but was excluded due to the uncertainty of its location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Armistice of Cassibile", "paragraph_text": "The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies of World War II. It was signed at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both King Victor Emmanuel III and Italian Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio. The armistice stipulated the surrender of Italy to the Allies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Isabel of Conches", "paragraph_text": "Orderic Vitalis described Isabel of Conches, daughter of Simon I de Montfort, as brave as \"several Amazons and the legendary Camilla, who fought as ally of the Italian king Turnus in the Aeneid.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Yanoye", "paragraph_text": "Yanoye (Yanoyé-Yenga or Yenga) is a village in Nana-Mambéré, Central African Republic. It is from Bouar and on the main road (RN3) between Bouar and Garoua-Boulaï in the Cameroons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Battle of Aljubarrota", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Aljubarrota () was a battle fought between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Crown of Castile on 14 August 1385. Forces commanded by King John I of Portugal and his general Nuno Álvares Pereira, with the support of English allies, opposed the army of King John I of Castile with its Aragonese, Italian and French allies at São Jorge, between the towns of Leiria and Alcobaça, in central Portugal. The result was a decisive victory for the Portuguese, ruling out Castilian ambitions to the Portuguese throne, ending the 1383–85 Crisis and assuring John as King of Portugal.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159395, "question": "Who is Cameroon's main ally?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 7 }, { "id": 56424, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1306", "answer": "Philip IV", "paragraph_support_idx": null } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Russian avant-garde", "paragraph_text": "The Russian avant-garde was a large, influential wave of avant-garde modern art that flourished in Russian Empire and Soviet Union, approximately from 1890 to 1930—although some have placed its beginning as early as 1850 and its end as late as 1960. The term covers many separate, but inextricably related, art movements that flourished at the time; namely Suprematism, Constructivism, Russian Futurism, Cubo-Futurism, Zaum and Neo-primitivism. Given that many avant-garde artists involved were born, grew up and active in what is present day Belarus and Ukraine (including Kazimir Malevich, Aleksandra Ekster, Vladimir Tatlin, Wassily Kandinsky, David Burliuk, Alexander Archipenko), they are also attributed to the Ukrainian avant-garde.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Father Brown (2013 TV series)", "paragraph_text": "On 14 June 2018, the BBC announced that the crime drama would be returning for a seventh series in early 2019, with filming having taken place during the summer of 2018. No indication was given as to how many episodes it would comprise.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Kingsgate, Kirkland, Washington", "paragraph_text": "Kingsgate is a neighborhood of Kirkland, Washington, United States. It was annexed by Kirkland on June 1, 2011. Prior to the annexation, Kingsgate was a census-designated place (CDP).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Boston", "paragraph_text": "Boston is sometimes called a \"city of neighborhoods\" because of the profusion of diverse subsections; the city government's Office of Neighborhood Services has officially designated 23 neighborhoods.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Jollyville, Texas", "paragraph_text": "Jollyville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Travis and Williamson counties in Texas. It is a neighborhood in north Austin. The population was 16,151 at the 2010 census.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cornstalk Heights", "paragraph_text": "Cornstalk Heights is a neighborhood in Harriman, Tennessee, United States. Platted in the early 1890s as a residential area for Harriman's upper and professional classes, the neighborhood contains over 100 buildings added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 as a historic district for their architectural and historical significance. The neighborhood is named for the home of Harriman founder Frederick Gates, which once stood near the eastern end of the district.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Northside, Syracuse", "paragraph_text": "The Northside is a neighborhood in the city of Syracuse, New York (USA) consisting of a residential area bordered by commercial corridors. As defined by Syracuse's \"Tomorrow's Neighborhoods Today\" planning system, the Northside is a large section of the city of Syracuse, covering almost four square miles. There are 16 census tracts, within which are 36 census block groups. It includes many sub-regions that have developed their own unique identities, such as the Near Northeast neighborhood, the Little Italy District, and the Hawley–Green Historic District. The neighborhood labeled as Northside on the Syracuse map is known locally as the Court-Woodlawn neighborhood.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Fête de la Musique", "paragraph_text": "The Fête de la Musique, also known as Music Day, Make Music Day or World Music Day, is an annual music celebration that takes place on 21 June. On Music Day the citizens of a city or country are allowed and urged to play music outside in their neighborhoods or in public spaces and parks. Free concerts are also organized, where musicians play for fun and not for payment.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Brigden Ranch, Pasadena, California", "paragraph_text": "Brigden Ranch is a neighborhood in northeast Pasadena, California and unincorporated Los Angeles County, California. The Bridgen Ranch Neighborhood Association defines the borders of Bridgen Ranch as Galbreth Road on the north (including Westlyn Place and Eastlyn Place), Casa Grande Street on the south, North Allen Avenue on the west, and Martelo Avenue on the east.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race", "paragraph_text": "The ``Golden Harness ''is most frequently given to the lead dog or dogs of the winning team. However, it is decided by a vote of the mushers, and in 2008 was given to Babe, the lead dog of Ramey Smyth, the 3rd - place finisher. Babe was almost 11 years old when she finished the race, and it was her ninth Iditarod. The`` Rookie of the Year'' award is given to the musher who places the best among those finishing their first Iditarod. A red lantern signifying perseverance is awarded to the last musher to cross the finish line. The size of the purse determines how many mushers receive cash prizes. For the 2013 edition of the race, the total purse was US $600,000, to be divided by the top 30 finishers, with every finisher below 30th place receiving $1,049. The first - place winner receives a new pickup truck and $69,000 as of 2015.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Given Day", "paragraph_text": "The Given Day is a novel by American writer Dennis Lehane published in September 2008; it is about the early twentieth-century period and set in Boston, Massachusetts, where its actions include the 1919 police strike, and Tulsa, Oklahoma, where the thriving Greenwood District was known as the \"Black Wall Street\".", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Lincoln Heights (TV series)", "paragraph_text": "Lincoln Heights is an American family drama television series about Eddie Sutton, a Mission Vista police officer who moves his family back to his old neighborhood, Lincoln Heights, to start a new life and to help out his old neighborhood. It is a dangerous place to raise a family, and through the many trials the family goes through, they soon learn that settling in is not as easy as it seems. While Officer Sutton struggles to cope with everyday life as a street cop in Los Angeles, his kids try to fit in at their new schools and with their new neighbors.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Lercara Friddi massacre", "paragraph_text": "The Lercara Friddi massacre took place on Christmas-day (December 25) 1893 in Lercara Friddi in the Province of Palermo (Sicily) during the Fasci Siciliani uprising. According to different sources either seven or eleven people were killed and many wounded. (The New York Times reporting a day after the riots mentioned four people dead.)", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Downtown Anchorage", "paragraph_text": "Downtown Anchorage is a neighborhood in the U.S. city of Anchorage, Alaska. Considered the central business district of Anchorage, Downtown has many office buildings, cultural points of interest, shopping areas, as well as dining and nightlife attractions. Today's Downtown was the original site of the Anchorage Land Auction in 1915, which gave rise to today's present-day grid street pattern. The actual original townsite was a tent city located off the banks of Ship Creek, at present-day Government Hill.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Silver Hill, Albuquerque", "paragraph_text": "Silver Hill is a neighborhood in southeast Albuquerque, New Mexico, which is significant as one of the oldest developments on the city's East Mesa. Much of the neighborhood is included in the Silver Hill Historic District, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. The neighborhood is roughly bounded by Central Avenue, Yale Boulevard, Central New Mexico Community College, and Presbyterian Hospital. The northeast corner of the neighborhood borders the University of New Mexico campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "paragraph_text": "In addition to the Jazz Festival (described above), New Haven serves as the home city of the annual International Festival of Arts and Ideas. New Haven's Saint Patrick's Day parade, which began in 1842, is New England's oldest St. Patty's Day parade and draws the largest crowds of any one-day spectator event in Connecticut. The St. Andrew the Apostle Italian Festival has taken place in the historic Wooster Square neighborhood every year since 1900. Other parishes in the city celebrate the Feast of Saint Anthony of Padua and a carnival in honor of St. Bernadette Soubirous. New Haven celebrates Powder House Day every April on the New Haven Green to commemorate the city's entrance into the Revolutionary War. The annual Wooster Square Cherry Blossom Festival commemorates the 1973 planting of 72 Yoshino Japanese Cherry Blossom trees by the New Haven Historic Commission in collaboration with the New Haven Parks Department and residents of the neighborhood. The Festival now draws well over 5,000 visitors. The Film Fest New Haven has been held annually since 1995.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Qing dynasty", "paragraph_text": "In the wake of these external defeats, the Guangxu Emperor initiated the Hundred Days' Reform of 1898. Newer, more radical advisers such as Kang Youwei were given positions of influence. The emperor issued a series of edicts and plans were made to reorganize the bureaucracy, restructure the school system, and appoint new officials. Opposition from the bureaucracy was immediate and intense. Although she had been involved in the initial reforms, the empress dowager stepped in to call them off, arrested and executed several reformers, and took over day-to-day control of policy. Yet many of the plans stayed in place, and the goals of reform were implanted.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "paragraph_text": "The city has many distinct neighborhoods. In addition to Downtown, centered on the central business district and the Green, are the following neighborhoods: the west central neighborhoods of Dixwell and Dwight; the southern neighborhoods of The Hill, historic water-front City Point (or Oyster Point), and the harborside district of Long Wharf; the western neighborhoods of Edgewood, West River, Westville, Amity, and West Rock-Westhills; East Rock, Cedar Hill, Prospect Hill, and Newhallville in the northern side of town; the east central neighborhoods of Mill River and Wooster Square, an Italian-American neighborhood; Fair Haven, an immigrant community located between the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers; Quinnipiac Meadows and Fair Haven Heights across the Quinnipiac River; and facing the eastern side of the harbor, The Annex and East Shore (or Morris Cove).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Place Ville Marie", "paragraph_text": "Place Ville Marie was one of the first built projects of Henry N. Cobb, a founding partner of Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. His design was controversial from the start, given its proximity to many Montreal landmarks and the vast changes it would bring to the downtown core.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Dutch Reformed Church in the English Neighborhood", "paragraph_text": "Dutch Reformed Church in the English Neighborhood (English Neighborhood Reformed Church of Ridgefield) is a historic church at 1040 Edgewater Avenue in Ridgefield, Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. The church was built in 1793 and added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1998.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 136850, "question": "Which place is The Given Day in?", "answer": "Boston", "paragraph_support_idx": 10 }, { "id": 6838, "question": "How many neighborhoods are in #1 ?", "answer": "23 neighborhoods", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "High tech companies have located in the area since the 1930s, when International Radio Corporation introduced the first mass-produced AC/DC radio (the Kadette, in 1931) as well as the first pocket radio (the Kadette Jr., in 1933). The Argus camera company, originally a subsidiary of International Radio, manufactured cameras in Ann Arbor from 1936 to the 1960s. Current firms include Arbor Networks (provider of Internet traffic engineering and security systems), Arbortext (provider of XML-based publishing software), JSTOR (the digital scholarly journal archive), MediaSpan (provider of software and online services for the media industries), Truven Health Analytics, and ProQuest, which includes UMI. Ann Arbor Terminals manufactured a video-display terminal called the Ann Arbor Ambassador during the 1980s. Barracuda Networks, which provides networking, security, and storage products based on network appliances and cloud services, opened an engineering office in Ann Arbor in 2008 on Depot St. and recently announced it will move downtown to occupy the building previously used as the Borders headquarters.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "The Ann Arbor News, owned by the Michigan-based Booth Newspapers chain, is the major daily newspaper serving Ann Arbor and the rest of Washtenaw County. The newspaper ended its 174-year print run in 2009, due to economic difficulties. It was replaced by AnnArbor.com, but returned to a limited print publication under its former name in 2013. Another Ann Arbor-based publication that has ceased production was the Ann Arbor Paper, a free monthly. Ann Arbor has been said to be the first significant city to lose its only daily paper. The Ann Arbor Chronicle, an online newspaper, covered local news, including meetings of the library board, county commission, and DDA until September 3, 2014.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Public schools are part of the Ann Arbor Public Schools (AAPS) district. AAPS has one of the country's leading music programs. In September 2008, 16,539 students had been enrolled in the Ann Arbor Public Schools. There were 21 elementary schools, five middle schools (Forsythe, Slauson, Tappan, Scarlett, and Clague) three traditional high schools (Pioneer, Huron, and Skyline), and three alternative high schools (Community High, Stone School, and Roberto Clemente) in the district. The district also operates a K-8 open school program, Ann Arbor Open School, out of the former Mack School. This program is open to all families who live within the district. Ann Arbor Public Schools also operates a preschool and family center, with programs for at-risk infants and children before kindergarten. The district has a preschool center with both free and tuition-based programs for preschoolers in the district.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Other local colleges and universities include Concordia University Ann Arbor, a Lutheran liberal-arts institution; a campus of the University of Phoenix; and Cleary University, a private business school. Washtenaw Community College is located in neighboring Ann Arbor Township. In 2000, the Ave Maria School of Law, a Roman Catholic law school established by Domino's Pizza founder Tom Monaghan, opened in northeastern Ann Arbor, but the school moved to Ave Maria, Florida in 2009, and the Thomas M. Cooley Law School acquired the former Ave Maria buildings for use as a branch campus.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Perry Bullard", "paragraph_text": "Bullard was born in Cleveland, Ohio and attended Harvard University. After serving in the United States Navy during the Vietnam War, he obtained his law degree from the University of Michigan Law School. He then ran successfully for the Michigan House of Representatives in 1972. He continued to hold his 53rd-district seat, representing Ann Arbor, until 1993.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Michigan Quarterly Review", "paragraph_text": "The Michigan Quarterly Review is an American literary magazine founded in 1962 and published at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 28.70 square miles (74.33 km2), of which, 27.83 square miles (72.08 km2) of it is land and 0.87 square miles (2.25 km2) is water, much of which is part of the Huron River. Ann Arbor is about 35 miles (56 km) west of Detroit. Ann Arbor Charter Township adjoins the city's north and east sides. Ann Arbor is situated on the Huron River in a productive agricultural and fruit-growing region. The landscape of Ann Arbor consists of hills and valleys, with the terrain becoming steeper near the Huron River. The elevation ranges from about 750 feet (230 m) along the Huron River to 1,015 feet (309 m) on the city's west side, near the intersection of Maple Road and Pauline Blvd. Generally, the west-central and northwestern parts of the city and U-M's North Campus are the highest parts of the city; the lowest parts are along the Huron River and in the southeast. Ann Arbor Municipal Airport, which is south of the city at 42°13.38′N 83°44.74′W / 42.22300°N 83.74567°W / 42.22300; -83.74567, has an elevation of 839 feet (256 m).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "A person from Ann Arbor is called an \"Ann Arborite\", and many long-time residents call themselves \"townies\". The city itself is often called \"A²\" (\"A-squared\") or \"A2\" (\"A two\") or \"AA\", \"The Deuce\" (mainly by Chicagoans), and \"Tree Town\". With tongue-in-cheek reference to the city's liberal political leanings, some occasionally refer to Ann Arbor as \"The People's Republic of Ann Arbor\" or \"25 square miles surrounded by reality\", the latter phrase being adapted from Wisconsin Governor Lee Dreyfus's description of Madison, Wisconsin. In A Prairie Home Companion broadcast from Ann Arbor, Garrison Keillor described Ann Arbor as \"a city where people discuss socialism, but only in the fanciest restaurants.\" Ann Arbor sometimes appears on citation indexes as an author, instead of a location, often with the academic degree MI, a misunderstanding of the abbreviation for Michigan. Ann Arbor has become increasingly gentrified in recent years.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor has a long history of openness to marijuana, given Ann Arbor's decriminalization of cannabis, the large number of medical marijuana dispensaries in the city (one dispensary, called People's Co-op, was directly across the street from Michigan Stadium until zoning forced it to move one mile to the west), the large number of pro-marijuana residents, and the annual Hash Bash: an event that is held on the first Saturday of April. Until (at least) the successful passage of Michigan's medical marijuana law, the event had arguably strayed from its initial intent, although for years, a number of attendees have received serious legal responses due to marijuana use on University of Michigan property, which does not fall under the City's progressive and compassionate ticketing program.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "During the 1960s and 1970s, the city gained a reputation as an important center for liberal politics. Ann Arbor also became a locus for left-wing activism and served as a hub for the civil-rights movement and anti-Vietnam War movement, as well as the student movement. The first major meetings of the national left-wing campus group Students for a Democratic Society took place in Ann Arbor in 1960; in 1965, the city was home to the first U.S. teach-in against the Vietnam War. During the ensuing 15 years, many countercultural and New Left enterprises sprang up and developed large constituencies within the city. These influences washed into municipal politics during the early and mid-1970s when three members of the Human Rights Party (HRP) won city council seats on the strength of the student vote. During their time on the council, HRP representatives fought for measures including pioneering antidiscrimination ordinances, measures decriminalizing marijuana possession, and a rent-control ordinance; many of these remain in effect in modified form. Alongside these liberal and left-wing efforts, a small group of conservative institutions were born in Ann Arbor. These include Word of God (established in 1967), a charismatic inter-denominational movement; and the Thomas More Law Center (established in 1999), a religious-conservative advocacy group.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "J. Edward Hutchinson", "paragraph_text": "Hutchinson was born in Fennville, Michigan and graduated from Fennville High School in 1932, and from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in 1936. He graduated from the University of Michigan Law School in 1938; was admitted to the bar in 1938 and began the practice of law in Allegan, Michigan.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Cecil Creal", "paragraph_text": "Cecil O. Creal (19 December 1899 – 20 November 1986) was mayor of Ann Arbor, in the U.S. state of Michigan, from 1959 to 1965.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Ann Arbor is part of Michigan's 12th congressional district, represented in Congress by Representative Debbie Dingell, a Democrat. On the state level, the city is part of the 18th district in the Michigan Senate, represented by Democrat Rebekah Warren. In the Michigan House of Representatives, representation is split between the 55th district (northern Ann Arbor, part of Ann Arbor Township, and other surrounding areas, represented by Democrat Adam Zemke), the 53rd district (most of downtown and the southern half of the city, represented by Democrat Jeff Irwin) and the 52nd district (southwestern areas outside Ann Arbor proper and western Washtenaw County, represented by Democrat Gretchen Driskell).", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Several annual events—many of them centered on performing and visual arts—draw visitors to Ann Arbor. One such event is the Ann Arbor Art Fairs, a set of four concurrent juried fairs held on downtown streets. Scheduled on Wednesday through Saturday of the third week of July, the fairs draw upward of half a million visitors. Another is the Ann Arbor Film Festival, held during the third week of March, which receives more than 2,500 submissions annually from more than 40 countries and serves as one of a handful of Academy Award–qualifying festivals in the United States.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "The Ann Arbor Hands-On Museum is located in a renovated and expanded historic downtown fire station. Multiple art galleries exist in the city, notably in the downtown area and around the University of Michigan campus. Aside from a large restaurant scene in the Main Street, South State Street, and South University Avenue areas, Ann Arbor ranks first among U.S. cities in the number of booksellers and books sold per capita. The Ann Arbor District Library maintains four branch outlets in addition to its main downtown building. The city is also home to the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Sproton Layer", "paragraph_text": "Sproton Layer was an American rock and roll group formed in Ann Arbor, Michigan in the late 1960s. Their music was mostly hard rock with psychedelic touches.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Bruno Simma", "paragraph_text": "He also currently serves as an affiliated overseas faculty member of the University of Michigan Law School, teaching classes in Ann Arbor.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Plenary power", "paragraph_text": "In regard to immigration law, Congress, under the Plenary Power Doctrine, has the power to make immigration policy subject to judicial oversight. The Executive Branch is charged with enforcing the immigration laws passed by Congress. The doctrine is based on the concept that immigration is a question of national sovereignty, relating to a nation's right to define its own borders. Courts generally refrain from interfering in immigration matters. Historically, the U.S. Supreme Court has taken a hands - off approach when asked to review the political branches' immigration decisions and policy - making. The Center for Immigration Studies, an organization with a slant toward isolationism, suggests there is a movement to ``erode ''political - branch control over immigration in favor of a judge - administered system and that the results have created national security concerns. The U.S. Supreme Court case Zadvydas v. Davis is cited as an example of the U.S. Supreme Court not following plenary power precedent.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Neil Staebler", "paragraph_text": "Staebler had German ancestry. He was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan and graduated from Ann Arbor High School in 1922. He received a B.A. from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1926. He served on the staff of the Office of Price Administration, 1942–1943, and in the United States Navy, 1943-1945. He was chairman, of the Michigan state Democratic central committee, 1950–1961 and a member of the Democratic National Committee, 1961–1964 and 1965-1968. He was a visiting professor at the University of Massachusetts in 1962. He was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Michigan in 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, and 1968.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Ann Arbor, Michigan", "paragraph_text": "Current publications in the city include the Ann Arbor Journal (A2 Journal), a weekly community newspaper; the Ann Arbor Observer, a free monthly local magazine; the Ann Arbor Independent, a locally owned, independent weekly; and Current, a free entertainment-focused alt-weekly. The Ann Arbor Business Review covers local business in the area. Car and Driver magazine and Automobile Magazine are also based in Ann Arbor. The University of Michigan is served by many student publications, including the independent Michigan Daily student newspaper, which reports on local, state, and regional issues in addition to campus news.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 59004, "question": "who has the power to make immigration laws", "answer": "Congress", "paragraph_support_idx": 17 }, { "id": 21639, "question": "Who represents the #1 in Ann Arbor?", "answer": "Debbie Dingell", "paragraph_support_idx": 12 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Scotts LawnService", "paragraph_text": "Scotts LawnService was founded in 1998, with the acquisition of Emerald Green Lawn Care. It was a division of the Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, and provided lawn, tree, and shrub care and pest control.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Treaty of Paris (1763)", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Paris is frequently noted as the point at which France gave Louisiana to Spain. The transfer, however, occurred with the Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762) but was not publicly announced until 1764. The Treaty of Paris was to give Britain the east side of the Mississippi (including Baton Rouge, Louisiana, which was to be part of the British territory of West Florida). New Orleans on the east side remained in French hands (albeit temporarily). The Mississippi River corridor in what is modern day Louisiana was to be reunited following the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and the Adams -- Onís Treaty in 1819.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "The Notebooks of Memory", "paragraph_text": "The Notebooks of Memory is the third documentary film in a trilogy by Anne Aghion examining the aftermath of the Rwandan Genocide.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Paris", "paragraph_text": "Health care and emergency medical service in the city of Paris and its suburbs are provided by the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a public hospital system that employs more than 90,000 people (including practitioners, support personnel, and administrators) in 44 hospitals. It is the largest hospital system in Europe. It provides health care, teaching, research, prevention, education and emergency medical service in 52 branches of medicine. The hospitals receive more than 5.8 million annual patient visits.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Houston", "paragraph_text": "The Baylor College of Medicine has annually been considered within the top ten medical schools in the nation; likewise, the MD Anderson Cancer Center has consistently ranked as one of the top two U.S. hospitals specializing in cancer care by U.S. News & World Report since 1990. The Menninger Clinic, a renowned psychiatric treatment center, is affiliated with Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital System. With hospital locations nationwide and headquarters in Houston, the Triumph Healthcare hospital system is the third largest long term acute care provider nationally.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Jean-Denis Cochin", "paragraph_text": "Jean-Denis Cochin (1 January 1726, in Paris – 3 June 1783, in Paris) was a French Roman Catholic priest, preacher and philanthropist. He founded in 1780 Paris's Hôpital Cochin, as the hospice of Saint-Jacques du Haut Pas, in the rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Vincent Trocheck", "paragraph_text": "Vincent Trocheck (born July 11, 1993) is an American professional ice hockey center and alternate captain for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Panthers in the third round, 64th overall, of the 2011 NHL Entry Draft.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "London Health Sciences Centre", "paragraph_text": "London Health Sciences Centre is a hospital network in London, Ontario and is collectively one of Canada's largest acute-care teaching hospitals. It was formed in 1995 as a result of the merger of University Hospital and Victoria Hospital. In affiliation with the Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry at the University of Western Ontario, it trains more than 1,800 medical and care professionals annually. It operates two hospital facilities, University Hospital and Victoria Hospital which includes the Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Columbus (ISS module)", "paragraph_text": "Like the Harmony and Tranquility modules, the Columbus laboratory was constructed in Turin, Italy by Rome based Thales Alenia Space with respect to structures and thermal control. The functional architecture (including software) of the lab was designed by EADS in Bremen, Germany where it was also integrated before being flown to the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida in an Airbus Beluga. It was launched aboard Space Shuttle Atlantis on February 7, 2008 on flight STS - 122. It is designed for ten years of operation. The module is controlled by the Columbus Control Centre, located at the German Space Operations Centre, part of the German Aerospace Center in Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich, Germany.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Anglo-Irish Treaty Dáil vote", "paragraph_text": "The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed in London on 6 December 1921 and Dáil Éireann voted to approve the treaty on 7 January 1922, following a debate through late December 1921 and into January 1922. The vote was 64 in favour, 57 against, with the Ceann Comhairle and 3 others not voting. The Sinn Féin party split into opposing sides in the aftermath of the Treaty vote, which led to the Irish Civil War from June 1922 to May 1923.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "The Heart of Christmas", "paragraph_text": "The Heart of Christmas is a 2011 American Christian drama feature film directed by Gary Wheeler. It stars Candace Cameron Bure, Erin Bethea, Jeanne Neilson, Eric Jay Beck, George Newbern, and Matthew West. Based on a true story, the film involves a woman’s encounter with a family caring for a child with acute leukemia and how it transforms her faith and her attitude about her own family.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Jeanette Wohl", "paragraph_text": "Jeanette Wohl (October 16, 1783, Frankfurt am Main – November 27, 1861, Paris) was a longtime friend and correspondent of Ludwig Börne. She inherited the rights to his literary works after his death and edited his works. She is buried at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Medical Center of the Rockies", "paragraph_text": "Medical Center of the Rockies, located in Loveland, Colorado, is the sister hospital of Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins, Colorado. Both are operated by UCHealth. The hospital is home to a regional heart center where open heart surgery is performed; a regional neurosciences center that cares for victims of head and back injury, stroke, spinal cord and nervous system diseases, as well as several neurosurgical intensive care beds.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Devon General Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Devon General Hospital is a 21-bed acute care and continuing care facility in Devon, Alberta. There are 9 acute, 10 continuing, and 2 respite beds. The hospital provides 24-hour emergency services, as well as laboratory and radiology services.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Treaty of Sugauli", "paragraph_text": "The Treaty of Sugauli (also spelled Sugowlee, Sagauli and Segqulee), the treaty that established the boundary line of Nepal, was signed on 2 December 1815 and ratified by 4 March 1816 between the East India Company and King of Nepal following the Anglo - Nepalese War of 1814 - 16. The signatory for Nepal was Raj Guru Gajraj Mishra aided by Chandra Sekher Upadhayaya, the signatory for the Company was Lieutenant Colonel Paris Bradshaw. The treaty called for territorial concessions in which some of the territories controlled by Nepal would be given to British India, the establishment of a British representative in Kathmandu, and allowed Britain to recruit Gurkhas for military service. Nepal also lost the right to deploy any American or European employee in its service (earlier several French commanders had been deployed to train the Nepali army).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "University of Florida Health Science Center", "paragraph_text": "The University of Florida Health Science Center (HSC), also known as the J. Hillis Miller Health Science Center, is the medical division of the University of Florida.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Misericordia Community Hospital", "paragraph_text": "The Misericordia Community Hospital is an acute care hospital located in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The Misericordia is home to the Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine (iRSM), a facility for reconstruction of the face, head and neck.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Jeanne Quinault", "paragraph_text": "Jeanne Quinault (born and baptized 13 October 1699 in Strasbourg, died 18 January 1783 in Paris), was a French actress, playwright and salon hostess.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Jacques-Marie Huvé", "paragraph_text": "Jacques-Marie Huvé (28 April 1783 in Versailles – 1852) was a French architect who practiced in Paris, working in a neoclassical manner that he refined working in the \"atelier\" of Percier and Fontaine, Napoleon's chief architects.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Pacte de Famille", "paragraph_text": "The third Family Compact was made on 15 August 1761 by King Charles III of Spain and Louis XV in the Treaty of Paris.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 60542, "question": "who controlled florida in the aftermath of the 1783 treaty of paris", "answer": "the U.S.", "paragraph_support_idx": null }, { "id": 12068, "question": "What is the third largest acute care center in the #1 ?", "answer": "Triumph Healthcare", "paragraph_support_idx": 4 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "Camair-Co", "paragraph_text": "The Cameroon Airlines Corporation, trading as Camair-Co, is an airline from Cameroon, serving as flag carrier of the country, a role which was previously filled by the now-defunct Cameroon Airlines. Camair-Co has its headquarters in the Immeuble La Rotonde in Douala, and operates out of Douala International Airport.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "Battle of Methven", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Methven took place at Methven, Scotland on 19 June 1306, during the Wars of Scottish Independence. The battlefield was researched to be included in the Inventory of Historic Battlefields in Scotland and protected by Historic Scotland under the Scottish Historical Environment Policy of 2009 but was excluded due to the uncertainty of its location.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Philip IV of France", "paragraph_text": "Philip IV (April -- June 1268 -- 29 November 1314), called the Fair (French: Philippe le Bel) or the Iron King (French: le Roi de fer), was King of France from 1285 until his death. By virtue of his marriage with Joan I of Navarre, he was also Philip I, King of Navarre from 1284 to 1305. He also briefly ruled the County of Champagne in right of his wife, although after his accession as king in 1285 the county remained under the sole governance of his wife until her death in 1305, and then fell to their son Louis until Philip's own death in 1314, after which his son acceded to the French throne and the county was finally united to the crown lands of France. Although Philip was known as handsome, his inflexible personality gained him other epithets, from friend and foe alike. His fierce opponent Bernard Saisset, bishop of Pamiers, said of him, ``He is neither man nor beast. He is a statue. ''", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Cameroon", "paragraph_text": "Its foreign policy closely follows that of its main ally, France (one of its former colonial rulers). Cameroon relies heavily on France for its defence, although military spending is high in comparison to other sectors of government.President Biya has engaged in a decades-long clash with the government of Nigeria over possession of the oil-rich Bakassi peninsula. Cameroon and Nigeria share a 1,000-mile (1 600 km) border and have disputed the sovereignty of the Bakassi peninsula. In 1994 Cameroon petitioned the International Court of Justice to resolve the dispute. The two countries attempted to establish a cease-fire in 1996, however, fighting continued for years. In 2002, the ICJ ruled that the Anglo-German Agreement of 1913 gave sovereignty to Cameroon. The ruling called for a withdrawal by both countries and denied the request by Cameroon for compensation due to Nigeria's long-term occupation. By 2004, Nigeria had failed to meet the deadline to handover the peninsula. A UN-mediated summit in June 2006 facilitated an agreement for Nigeria to withdraw from the region and both leaders signed the Greentree Agreement. The withdrawal and handover of control was completed by August 2006.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Isabel of Conches", "paragraph_text": "Orderic Vitalis described Isabel of Conches, daughter of Simon I de Montfort, as brave as \"several Amazons and the legendary Camilla, who fought as ally of the Italian king Turnus in the Aeneid.\"", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Cameroon olive pigeon", "paragraph_text": "The Cameroon olive pigeon (\"Columba sjostedti\") is a species of bird in the family Columbidae. It is found in Cameroon and adjacent Nigeria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford", "paragraph_text": "John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (23 November 1306 – 20 January 1336) was born in St Clement's, Oxford to Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford and Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, a daughter of Edward I of England.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "ANESVAD Foundation", "paragraph_text": "The Foundation declares its main objectives, as health assistance, social development and public awareness. It works in Latin America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Nicaragua, Peru, Dominican Republic, Venezuela), Asia (Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Philippines, India, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), Africa (Benin, Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Eritrea, Ghana), Europe (Spain, Geneva).", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "Cameroon Airlines Flight 3701", "paragraph_text": "Cameroon Airlines Flight 3701 was an air accident that occurred on 3 December 1995. The Boeing 737-200, registration TJ-CBE, crashed after it lost control near Douala, Cameroon. On its second approach to Douala International Airport power was lost to one engine. The accident killed 71 passengers and crew and five people were injured but survived.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Middle Ages", "paragraph_text": "Jewish communities were expelled from England in 1290 and from France in 1306. Although some were allowed back into France, most were not, and many Jews emigrated eastwards, settling in Poland and Hungary. The Jews were expelled from Spain in 1492, and dispersed to Turkey, France, Italy, and Holland. The rise of banking in Italy during the 13th century continued throughout the 14th century, fuelled partly by the increasing warfare of the period and the needs of the papacy to move money between kingdoms. Many banking firms loaned money to royalty, at great risk, as some were bankrupted when kings defaulted on their loans.[AE]", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Southern Cameroons National Council", "paragraph_text": "The Southern Cameroons National Council (SCNC) is a self - determination organisation seeking the independence of the anglophone Southern Cameroons from the predominantly francophone Republic of Cameroon (La République de Cameroun). It is a non-violent organization with the motto ``The force of argument, not the argument of force. ''Because the SCNC advocates separation from Cameroon, it has been declared an illegal organization by the government of Paul Biya. Security forces regularly interrupt SCNC meetings, arresting members and typically detaining them for several days before release.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Battle of Chumonchin Chan", "paragraph_text": "The Battle of Chumonchin Chan or the Action of 2 July 1950 was the battle fought between surface combatants during the main phase of the Korean War. It began after an Allied flotilla encountered a Korean People's Navy supply fleet.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Yanoye", "paragraph_text": "Yanoye (Yanoyé-Yenga or Yenga) is a village in Nana-Mambéré, Central African Republic. It is from Bouar and on the main road (RN3) between Bouar and Garoua-Boulaï in the Cameroons.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Armistice of Cassibile", "paragraph_text": "The Armistice of Cassibile was an armistice signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell Smith and Giuseppe Castellano, and made public on 8 September, between the Kingdom of Italy and the Allies of World War II. It was signed at a conference of generals from both sides in an Allied military camp at Cassibile in Sicily, which had recently been occupied by the Allies. The armistice was approved by both King Victor Emmanuel III and Italian Prime Minister Pietro Badoglio. The armistice stipulated the surrender of Italy to the Allies.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Kingdom of Bamum", "paragraph_text": "The Kingdom of Bamum (also spelled Bamoum, Bamun, Bamoun, or Mum) (1394–1884) was a pre-colonial Central African state in what is now northwest Cameroon. It was founded by the Mbum, a Bantu ethnic group from northeast Cameroon. Its capital was the ancient walled city of Fumban.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Ursula's sunbird", "paragraph_text": "Ursula's sunbird (\"Cinnyris ursulae\") is a species of bird in the family Nectariniidae. It is found in western Cameroon and Bioko island.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Alberto II della Scala", "paragraph_text": "Alberto II della Scala (1306 – 13 September 1352) was lord of Verona from 1329 until his death. He was a member of the famous Scaliger family of northern Italy.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Frederick William III of Prussia", "paragraph_text": "In 1813, following Napoleon's defeat in Russia, Frederick William turned against France and signed an alliance with Russia at Kalisz, although he had to flee Berlin, still under French occupation. Prussian troops played a key part in the victories of the allies in 1813 and 1814, and the King himself travelled with the main army of Prince Schwarzenberg, along with Alexander of Russia and Francis of Austria.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Tabiry", "paragraph_text": "Tabiry was the daughter of Alara of Nubia and his wife Kasaqa and the wife of King Piye. She held some interesting titles: Main King’s Wife, first of her majesty (\"hmt niswt 'at tpit n hm.f\") (the only other queen to hold the Main King's Wife title was Nefertiti) and “The Great One of the Foreign Country” (\"ta-aat-khesut\"). She also holds the more standard titles of King's Wife (\"hmt niswt\"), King's Daughter (\"s3t niswt\"), and King's Sister (\"snt niswt\").", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Oryx Douala", "paragraph_text": "Oryx Club de Douala is a football club from Douala, Cameroon, that achieved most of its success in the 1960s.It won the inaugural African Cup of Champions Clubs in 1964 beating Stade Malien on a score of 2–1 in the final, and so becoming the first club outfit from Cameroon to win the title. They have also won five league titles and the Cameroon Cup three times, most of which came in the 1960s.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159395, "question": "Who is Cameroon's main ally?", "answer": "France", "paragraph_support_idx": 3 }, { "id": 56424, "question": "who was the king of #1 in 1306", "answer": "Philip IV", "paragraph_support_idx": 2 } ]

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[ { "idx": 0, "title": "French Canadians", "paragraph_text": "French Canadians (also referred to as Franco - Canadians or Canadiens; French: Canadien (ne) s français (es)) are an ethnic group who trace their ancestry to French colonists who settled in Canada from the 17th century onward. Today, French Canadians constitute the main French - speaking population in Canada, accounting for about 22 per cent of the country's total population. The majority of French Canadians reside in Quebec, where they constitute the majority of the province's population, although French Canadian and francophone minority communities exist in all other Canadian provinces and territories as well.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 1, "title": "General Satellite", "paragraph_text": "June 17–19, 2010During Petersburg Economic Forum, President of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev visited the exhibit of the Commission on modernization and technological development of the economy of Russia, where he watched the demonstration of Corporation’s developments in the field of 3D TV, namely, the first Russian 3D channel – 3DV.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 2, "title": "Minon", "paragraph_text": "Minon has held more than 80 painting exhibitions so far, all across India, and he has over 3,500 paintings to his credit.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 3, "title": "Kristians Tonny", "paragraph_text": "During the late 1930s Surrealist exhibitions were held in a number of major European cities and together with Georges Hugnet, Kristians Tonny was involved in organizing the first international Surrealist exhibition in the Netherlands, held in the art gallery owned by his parents, \"Galerie Robert\" in Amsterdam. Although a major event, the exhibition was not a complete success. The reason for this was that, with the exception of Kristians Tonny, no Dutch Surrealists (such as J.H. Moesman en Willem Wagenaar) were invited. The reason for this being that Georges Hugnet didn’t believe that, with the exception of Kristians Tonny, there were any Dutch Surrealists. Among those that did participate were André Breton, Max Ernst, Paul Eluard, E.L.T. Mésens and others. As a consequence, in the Netherlands a major interest in Surrealism didn’t happen until the 1960s, something that would, after his return to the Netherlands in 1949, prove to be a major inconvenience to Kristians Tonny in finding an audience for his work.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 4, "title": "Exhibition game", "paragraph_text": "Various auto racing organizations hold exhibition events; these events usually award no championship points to participants, but they do offer prize money to participants. The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series holds two exhibition events annually - the Sprint Unlimited, held at Daytona International Speedway at the start of the season, and the NASCAR Sprint All-Star Race, held at Charlotte Motor Speedway midway through the season. Both events carry a hefty purse of over USD $1,000,000. NASCAR has also held exhibition races at Suzuka Circuit and Twin Ring Motegi in Japan and Calder Park Thunderdome in Australia.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 5, "title": "Tokyo Game Show", "paragraph_text": "The first Tokyo Game Show was held in 1996. From 1996 to 2002, the show was held twice a year: once in the Spring and once in Autumn (in the Tokyo Big Sight). Since 2002, the show has been held once a year. It attracts more visitors every year. 2011’s show hosted over 200,000 attendees and the 2012 show bringing in 223,753. The busiest TGS was in 2016 with 271,224 people in attendance and 614 companies had exhibits. The event has been held annually since 1996 and was never canceled. The 20th anniversary of TGS was celebrated in 2016.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 6, "title": "Great Exhibition", "paragraph_text": "The Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All Nations was organized by Prince Albert, Henry Cole, Francis Henry, George Wallis, Charles Dilke and other members of the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce as a celebration of modern industrial technology and design. It was arguably a response to the highly successful French Industrial Exposition of 1844: indeed, its prime motive was for Britain to make ``clear to the world its role as industrial leader ''. Prince Albert, Queen Victoria's consort, was an enthusiastic promoter of the self - financing exhibition; the government was persuaded to form the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 to establish the viability of hosting such an exhibition. Queen Victoria and her family visited three times. Although the Great Exhibition was a platform on which countries from around the world could display their achievements, Britain sought to prove its own superiority. The British exhibits at the Great Exhibition`` held the lead in almost every field where strength, durability, utility and quality were concerned, whether in iron and steel, machinery or textiles.'' Britain also sought to provide the world with the hope of a better future. Europe had just struggled through ``two difficult decades of political and social upheaval, ''and now Britain hoped to show that technology, particularly its own, was the key to a better future.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 7, "title": "Sammy Baloji", "paragraph_text": "Sammy Baloji is a photographer from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He works in Lubumbashi and Brussels, and held exhibitions in Amsterdam, Paris, Brussels, Bilbao, Cape Town and Bamako.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 8, "title": "International Defence Industry Fair", "paragraph_text": "The International Defence Industry Fair (IDEF) is a defence industry fair held in Turkey and organized by the Turkish Armed Forces Foundation since 1993. The Foundation organizes the IDEF once in every two years and before each fair it chooses the organizer firm and exhibition venue by calling a tender. The exhibitions generally take place in Ankara or Istanbul.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 9, "title": "Valencia", "paragraph_text": "During the 20th century Valencia remained the third most populous city of Spain as its population tripled, rising from 213,550 inhabitants in 1900 to 739,014 in 2000. Valencia was also third in industrial and economic development; notable milestones include urban expansion of the city in the latter 1800s, the creation of the Banco de Valencia in 1900, construction of the Central and Columbus markets, and the construction of the Gare du Nord railway station, completed in 1921. The new century was marked in Valencia with a major event, the Valencian regional exhibition of 1909 (La Exposición Regional Valenciana de 1909), which emulated the national and universal expositions held in other cities. This production was promoted by the Ateneo Mercantil de Valencia (Mercantile Athenaeum of Valencia), especially by its chairman, Tomás Trénor y Palavicino, and had the support of the Government and the Crown; it was officially inaugurated by King Alfonso XIII himself.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 10, "title": "Greeks", "paragraph_text": "Today, Greeks are the majority ethnic group in the Hellenic Republic, where they constitute 93% of the country's population, and the Republic of Cyprus where they make up 78% of the island's population (excluding Turkish settlers in the occupied part of the country). Greek populations have not traditionally exhibited high rates of growth; nonetheless, the population of Greece has shown regular increase since the country's first census in 1828. A large percentage of the population growth since the state's foundation has resulted from annexation of new territories and the influx of 1.5 million Greek refugees after the 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey. About 80% of the population of Greece is urban, with 28% concentrated in the city of Athens", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 11, "title": "Raymond Duchamp-Villon", "paragraph_text": "In 1913 he took part in exhibitions at the Galerie André Groult in Paris, the Galerie S. V. U. Mánes in Prague, and in 1914 at Der Sturm Gallery in Berlin. During World War I Raymond Duchamp-Villon served in the French army in a medical capacity, but still worked on his major cubist sculpture, \"The Large Horse\".", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 12, "title": "Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges", "paragraph_text": "The Exposition des primitifs flamands à Bruges (Exhibition of Flemish Primitives at Bruges) was an art exhibition of paintings by the so-called Flemish Primitives (nowadays usually called Early Netherlandish painters) held in the Provinciaal Hof in Bruges between 15 June and 5 October 1902.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 13, "title": "Independence Museum of Azerbaijan", "paragraph_text": "There are masterpieces of art and architecture, maps, pictures, books, currencies and other exhibits in the Independence Museum of Azerbaijan. A lot of expositions and activities dedicated to historical events are held in the exposition of the museum.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 14, "title": "Nyíregyháza", "paragraph_text": "Nyíregyháza (, ; ) is a city in northeastern Hungary and the county capital of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg. With a population of 118,000, it is the seventh-largest city in Hungary and is one of the leading cities of Northern Hungary and of the northern part of the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld). Its development has been ongoing since the 18th century, making it the economic and cultural center of the region. Its zoo, exhibiting more than 500 species, including rarities, is recognized throughout Europe.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 15, "title": "Daisy Bates at Ooldea", "paragraph_text": "\"Daisy Bates at Ooldea\" was acquired by the National Gallery of Australia in 1987. It was included in the 2000 international exhibition \"\", held at the National Portrait Gallery in London.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 16, "title": "Statehood movement in Puerto Rico", "paragraph_text": "The statehood movement in Puerto Rico aims to make Puerto Rico a state of the United States. Five referenda have been held on the topic, most recently in 2017. The population of Puerto Rico as of 2015 was over 3 million people and larger than 21 states.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 17, "title": "Hyde Park, London", "paragraph_text": "The park was established by Henry VIII in 1536 when he took the land from Westminster Abbey and used it as a hunting ground. It opened to the public in 1637 and quickly became popular, particularly for May Day parades. Major improvements occurred in the early 18th century under the direction of Queen Caroline. Several duels took place in Hyde Park during this time, often involving members of the nobility. The Great Exhibition of 1851 was held in the park, for which The Crystal Palace, designed by Joseph Paxton, was erected.", "is_supporting": false }, { "idx": 18, "title": "Republic of Karelia", "paragraph_text": "According to the 2010 Census, ethnic Russians make up 82.2% of the republic's population, ethnic Karelians 7.4%. Other groups include Belarusians (3.8%), Ukrainians (2%), Finns (1.4%), Vepsians (0.5%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population.", "is_supporting": true }, { "idx": 19, "title": "Mile 91, Sierra Leone", "paragraph_text": "Mile 91 is a major trading town in Tonkolili District in Northern Province of Sierra Leone. As its name suggest, Mile 91 is exactly 91 miles from Freetown and is located on the main highway linking Freetown, to Makeni and Bo. The population of the town is ethnically diverse, although the Temne people make up the majority of the population.", "is_supporting": false } ]

[ { "id": 159224, "question": "where was the exhibit held?", "answer": "Russia", "paragraph_support_idx": 1 }, { "id": 162531, "question": "Who makes up the majority of #1 's population?", "answer": "ethnic Russians", "paragraph_support_idx": 18 } ]

[ "Russians", "Russian" ]