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montelukast is a Chemicals & Drugs, mild asthma is a Diseases & Disorders | 11359_task0 | Sentence: Review of recent results of montelukast use as a monotherapy in children with mild asthma.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: Diseases & Disorders, Chemicals & Drugs
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montelukast is a Chemicals & Drugs, mild asthma is a Diseases & Disorders | 11359_task1 | Sentence: Review of recent results of montelukast use as a monotherapy in children with mild asthma.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: montelukast, mild asthma
Options: Diseases & Disorders, Chemicals & Drugs
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montelukast, mild asthma | 11359_task2 | Sentence: Review of recent results of montelukast use as a monotherapy in children with mild asthma.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Ginseng is a Plant, plants is a Plant, Panax is a Plant, white ginseng is a Plant, red ginseng is a Plant, autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) is a Disease, ASD is a Disease, neural tube defects is a Disease, crooked tail phenotype is a Disease, red ginseng is a Plant, crooked tail phenotype is a Disease, crooked tail phenotypes is a Disease, red ginseng is a Plant, KRG is a Plant, KRG is a Plant, KRG is a Plant | 23104247_task0 | Sentence: Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, which belongs to the genus Panax. Compared to uncured white ginseng, red ginseng has been generally regarded to produce superior pharmacological effects with lesser side/adverse effects, which made it popular in a variety of formulation from tea to oriental medicine. Using the prenatal valproic acid (VPA)-injection model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rats, which produces social impairrment and altered seizure susceptibility as in human ASD patients as well as mild neural tube defects like crooked tail phenotype, we examined whether chronic administration of red ginseng extract may rescue the social impairment and crooked tail phenotype in prenatally VPA-exposed rat offspring. VPA-induced impairment in social interactions tested using sociability and social preference paradigms as well as crooked tail phenotypes were significantly improved by administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a dose dependent manner. Rat offspring prenatally exposed to VPA showed higher sensitivity to electric shock seizure and increased locomotor activity in open-field test. KRG treatment reversed abnormal locomotor activity and sensitivity to electric shock to control level. These results suggest that KRG may modulate neurobehavioral and structural organization of nervous system adversely affected by prenatal exposure to VPA.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: Disease, Plant
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Ginseng is a Plant, plants is a Plant, Panax is a Plant, white ginseng is a Plant, red ginseng is a Plant, autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ) is a Disease, ASD is a Disease, neural tube defects is a Disease, crooked tail phenotype is a Disease, red ginseng is a Plant, crooked tail phenotype is a Disease, crooked tail phenotypes is a Disease, red ginseng is a Plant, KRG is a Plant, KRG is a Plant, KRG is a Plant | 23104247_task1 | Sentence: Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, which belongs to the genus Panax. Compared to uncured white ginseng, red ginseng has been generally regarded to produce superior pharmacological effects with lesser side/adverse effects, which made it popular in a variety of formulation from tea to oriental medicine. Using the prenatal valproic acid (VPA)-injection model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rats, which produces social impairrment and altered seizure susceptibility as in human ASD patients as well as mild neural tube defects like crooked tail phenotype, we examined whether chronic administration of red ginseng extract may rescue the social impairment and crooked tail phenotype in prenatally VPA-exposed rat offspring. VPA-induced impairment in social interactions tested using sociability and social preference paradigms as well as crooked tail phenotypes were significantly improved by administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a dose dependent manner. Rat offspring prenatally exposed to VPA showed higher sensitivity to electric shock seizure and increased locomotor activity in open-field test. KRG treatment reversed abnormal locomotor activity and sensitivity to electric shock to control level. These results suggest that KRG may modulate neurobehavioral and structural organization of nervous system adversely affected by prenatal exposure to VPA.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Ginseng, plants, Panax, white ginseng, red ginseng, autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ), ASD, neural tube defects, crooked tail phenotype, red ginseng, crooked tail phenotype, crooked tail phenotypes, red ginseng, KRG, KRG, KRG
Options: Disease, Plant
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Ginseng, plants, Panax, white ginseng, red ginseng, autism spectrum disorder ( ASD ), ASD, neural tube defects, crooked tail phenotype, red ginseng, crooked tail phenotype, crooked tail phenotypes, red ginseng, KRG, KRG, KRG | 23104247_task2 | Sentence: Ginseng is one of the most widely used medicinal plants, which belongs to the genus Panax. Compared to uncured white ginseng, red ginseng has been generally regarded to produce superior pharmacological effects with lesser side/adverse effects, which made it popular in a variety of formulation from tea to oriental medicine. Using the prenatal valproic acid (VPA)-injection model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rats, which produces social impairrment and altered seizure susceptibility as in human ASD patients as well as mild neural tube defects like crooked tail phenotype, we examined whether chronic administration of red ginseng extract may rescue the social impairment and crooked tail phenotype in prenatally VPA-exposed rat offspring. VPA-induced impairment in social interactions tested using sociability and social preference paradigms as well as crooked tail phenotypes were significantly improved by administration of Korean red ginseng (KRG) in a dose dependent manner. Rat offspring prenatally exposed to VPA showed higher sensitivity to electric shock seizure and increased locomotor activity in open-field test. KRG treatment reversed abnormal locomotor activity and sensitivity to electric shock to control level. These results suggest that KRG may modulate neurobehavioral and structural organization of nervous system adversely affected by prenatal exposure to VPA.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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Effect of Biofeedback Therapy is a Outcome_Other, Biofeedback therapy is a Intervention_Physical, migraine is a Participant_Condition, , is a Outcome_Physical, evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment is a Outcome_Other, one is a Participant_Sample-size, male is a Participant_Sex, 26 is a Participant_Sample-size, female is a Participant_Sex, biofeedback is a Intervention_Physical, wait - list control groups . is a Intervention_Control, biofeedback treatment is a Intervention_Physical, headache intensity . is a Outcome_Pain, psychological stress is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety is a Outcome_Mental, , irritation is a Outcome_Physical, headache - related disability is a Outcome_Physical, frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack is a Outcome_Physical, headache of at least moderate intensity is a Outcome_Physical, RESULTS Headache intensity is a Outcome_Pain, duration is a Outcome_Other, frequency of days when headache is a Outcome_Other, depression , anxiety is a Outcome_Mental | 70184_task0 | Sentence: Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability .
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] | Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability . | [
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Effect of Biofeedback Therapy is a Outcome_Other, Biofeedback therapy is a Intervention_Physical, migraine is a Participant_Condition, , is a Outcome_Physical, evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment is a Outcome_Other, one is a Participant_Sample-size, male is a Participant_Sex, 26 is a Participant_Sample-size, female is a Participant_Sex, biofeedback is a Intervention_Physical, wait - list control groups . is a Intervention_Control, biofeedback treatment is a Intervention_Physical, headache intensity . is a Outcome_Pain, psychological stress is a Outcome_Mental, anxiety is a Outcome_Mental, , irritation is a Outcome_Physical, headache - related disability is a Outcome_Physical, frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack is a Outcome_Physical, headache of at least moderate intensity is a Outcome_Physical, RESULTS Headache intensity is a Outcome_Pain, duration is a Outcome_Other, frequency of days when headache is a Outcome_Other, depression , anxiety is a Outcome_Mental | 70184_task1 | Sentence: Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability .
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] | Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability . | [
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Effect of Biofeedback Therapy, Biofeedback therapy, migraine, ,, evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment, one, male, 26, female, biofeedback, wait - list control groups ., biofeedback treatment, headache intensity ., psychological stress, anxiety, , irritation, headache - related disability, frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack, headache of at least moderate intensity, RESULTS Headache intensity, duration, frequency of days when headache, depression , anxiety | 70184_task2 | Sentence: Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability .
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] | Real-Time Assessment of the Effect of Biofeedback Therapy with Migraine : A Pilot Study . BACKGROUND Biofeedback therapy has been reported to be effective in the treatment of migraine . However , previous studies have assessed its effectiveness using paper-and-pencil diaries , which are not very reliable . PURPOSE The objective of the present pilot study was to investigate the feasibility of using computerized ecological momentary assessment ( EMA ) for evaluating the efficacy of BF treatment for migraine in a randomized controlled trial . METHOD The subjects comprised one male and 26 female patients with migraine . They were randomly assigned to either biofeedback or wait-list control groups . Patients were asked to carry a palmtop-type computer to record momentary symptoms for 4 weeks before and after biofeedback treatment . The primary outcome measure was headache intensity . The secondary outcome measures included psychological stress , anxiety , irritation , headache-related disability and the frequency ( number of days per month ) of migraine attack and of headache of at least moderate intensity ( pain rating ≥50 ) . RESULTS Headache intensity showed significant main effects of period ( before vs. after therapy , p = 0.02 ) and group ( biofeedback vs. control groups , p = 0.42 ) and a significant period × group interaction ( p < 0.001 ) . Biofeedback reduced the duration of headaches by 1.9 days , and the frequency of days when headache intensity was ≥50 by 2.4 times . In addition , headache-related disability , psychological stress , depression , anxiety , and irritation were significantly improved . CONCLUSION The present study used computerized EMA to show that biofeedback could improve the symptoms of migraine , including psychological stress and headache-related disability . | [
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ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, Marek 's disease virus is a Organism, Marek 's disease virus ( MDV ) small RNAs is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDV is a Organism, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDCC - MSB1 is a Cell, MDV is a Organism, T - lymphoblastoid cells is a Cell, reticuloendotheliosis virus is a Organism, T cells is a Cell, MDV is a Organism, lymphoblastoid cells is a Cell, iododeoxyuridine is a Simple_chemical, chicken is a Organism, embryo fibroblasts is a Cell, RNase is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDV is a Organism | 245_task0 | Sentence: Identification of latency-associated transcripts that map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene of Marek's disease virus.
Two small RNAs (0.9 and 0.75 kb), named Marek's disease virus (MDV) small RNAs (MSRs) and a 10-kb RNA, all of which map antisense to the MDV ICP4 homolog gene, have been readily detected in MDCC-MSB1 MDV-transformed T-lymphoblastoid cells. These RNAs were not detectable in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed T cells. When MDV was reactivated by treatment of lymphoblastoid cells with 25 micrograms of iododeoxyuridine per ml, the relative levels of the transcripts decreased. These RNAs were not detected by Northern (RNA) hybridization in productively infected chicken embryo fibroblasts 48 h postinfection; however, they were apparent 140 h postinfection. By using Northern hybridization, RNase protection assays, and primer extension analysis, the MSRs were determined to map antisense to the predicted translational start site of the ICP4 homolog gene. The conclusion most consistent with the data is that the two MSRs are overlapping, spliced RNAs. Both small RNAs contain a latency promoter binding factor consensus recognition sequence located toward their 5' ends as well as two potential ICP4 recognition consensus sequences, one in each orientation. The region contains a number of small open reading frames on each side and within the MSRs. Although the exact endpoints are unknown, the large 10-kb species spans the entire ICP4 homolog region. We believe that this group of RNAs, which map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene, are latency-associated transcripts of MDV.
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Two small RNAs (0.9 and 0.75 kb), named Marek's disease virus (MDV) small RNAs (MSRs) and a 10-kb RNA, all of which map antisense to the MDV ICP4 homolog gene, have been readily detected in MDCC-MSB1 MDV-transformed T-lymphoblastoid cells. These RNAs were not detectable in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed T cells. When MDV was reactivated by treatment of lymphoblastoid cells with 25 micrograms of iododeoxyuridine per ml, the relative levels of the transcripts decreased. These RNAs were not detected by Northern (RNA) hybridization in productively infected chicken embryo fibroblasts 48 h postinfection; however, they were apparent 140 h postinfection. By using Northern hybridization, RNase protection assays, and primer extension analysis, the MSRs were determined to map antisense to the predicted translational start site of the ICP4 homolog gene. The conclusion most consistent with the data is that the two MSRs are overlapping, spliced RNAs. Both small RNAs contain a latency promoter binding factor consensus recognition sequence located toward their 5' ends as well as two potential ICP4 recognition consensus sequences, one in each orientation. The region contains a number of small open reading frames on each side and within the MSRs. Although the exact endpoints are unknown, the large 10-kb species spans the entire ICP4 homolog region. We believe that this group of RNAs, which map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene, are latency-associated transcripts of MDV.
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ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, Marek 's disease virus is a Organism, Marek 's disease virus ( MDV ) small RNAs is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDV is a Organism, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDCC - MSB1 is a Cell, MDV is a Organism, T - lymphoblastoid cells is a Cell, reticuloendotheliosis virus is a Organism, T cells is a Cell, MDV is a Organism, lymphoblastoid cells is a Cell, iododeoxyuridine is a Simple_chemical, chicken is a Organism, embryo fibroblasts is a Cell, RNase is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 is a Gene_or_gene_product, MSRs is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, ICP4 homolog is a Gene_or_gene_product, MDV is a Organism | 245_task1 | Sentence: Identification of latency-associated transcripts that map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene of Marek's disease virus.
Two small RNAs (0.9 and 0.75 kb), named Marek's disease virus (MDV) small RNAs (MSRs) and a 10-kb RNA, all of which map antisense to the MDV ICP4 homolog gene, have been readily detected in MDCC-MSB1 MDV-transformed T-lymphoblastoid cells. These RNAs were not detectable in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed T cells. When MDV was reactivated by treatment of lymphoblastoid cells with 25 micrograms of iododeoxyuridine per ml, the relative levels of the transcripts decreased. These RNAs were not detected by Northern (RNA) hybridization in productively infected chicken embryo fibroblasts 48 h postinfection; however, they were apparent 140 h postinfection. By using Northern hybridization, RNase protection assays, and primer extension analysis, the MSRs were determined to map antisense to the predicted translational start site of the ICP4 homolog gene. The conclusion most consistent with the data is that the two MSRs are overlapping, spliced RNAs. Both small RNAs contain a latency promoter binding factor consensus recognition sequence located toward their 5' ends as well as two potential ICP4 recognition consensus sequences, one in each orientation. The region contains a number of small open reading frames on each side and within the MSRs. Although the exact endpoints are unknown, the large 10-kb species spans the entire ICP4 homolog region. We believe that this group of RNAs, which map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene, are latency-associated transcripts of MDV.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ICP4 homolog, Marek 's disease virus, Marek 's disease virus ( MDV ) small RNAs, MSRs, MDV, ICP4 homolog, MDCC - MSB1, MDV, T - lymphoblastoid cells, reticuloendotheliosis virus, T cells, MDV, lymphoblastoid cells, iododeoxyuridine, chicken, embryo fibroblasts, RNase, MSRs, ICP4 homolog, MSRs, ICP4, MSRs, ICP4 homolog, ICP4 homolog, MDV
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ICP4 homolog, Marek 's disease virus, Marek 's disease virus ( MDV ) small RNAs, MSRs, MDV, ICP4 homolog, MDCC - MSB1, MDV, T - lymphoblastoid cells, reticuloendotheliosis virus, T cells, MDV, lymphoblastoid cells, iododeoxyuridine, chicken, embryo fibroblasts, RNase, MSRs, ICP4 homolog, MSRs, ICP4, MSRs, ICP4 homolog, ICP4 homolog, MDV | 245_task2 | Sentence: Identification of latency-associated transcripts that map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene of Marek's disease virus.
Two small RNAs (0.9 and 0.75 kb), named Marek's disease virus (MDV) small RNAs (MSRs) and a 10-kb RNA, all of which map antisense to the MDV ICP4 homolog gene, have been readily detected in MDCC-MSB1 MDV-transformed T-lymphoblastoid cells. These RNAs were not detectable in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed T cells. When MDV was reactivated by treatment of lymphoblastoid cells with 25 micrograms of iododeoxyuridine per ml, the relative levels of the transcripts decreased. These RNAs were not detected by Northern (RNA) hybridization in productively infected chicken embryo fibroblasts 48 h postinfection; however, they were apparent 140 h postinfection. By using Northern hybridization, RNase protection assays, and primer extension analysis, the MSRs were determined to map antisense to the predicted translational start site of the ICP4 homolog gene. The conclusion most consistent with the data is that the two MSRs are overlapping, spliced RNAs. Both small RNAs contain a latency promoter binding factor consensus recognition sequence located toward their 5' ends as well as two potential ICP4 recognition consensus sequences, one in each orientation. The region contains a number of small open reading frames on each side and within the MSRs. Although the exact endpoints are unknown, the large 10-kb species spans the entire ICP4 homolog region. We believe that this group of RNAs, which map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene, are latency-associated transcripts of MDV.
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Two small RNAs (0.9 and 0.75 kb), named Marek's disease virus (MDV) small RNAs (MSRs) and a 10-kb RNA, all of which map antisense to the MDV ICP4 homolog gene, have been readily detected in MDCC-MSB1 MDV-transformed T-lymphoblastoid cells. These RNAs were not detectable in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed T cells. When MDV was reactivated by treatment of lymphoblastoid cells with 25 micrograms of iododeoxyuridine per ml, the relative levels of the transcripts decreased. These RNAs were not detected by Northern (RNA) hybridization in productively infected chicken embryo fibroblasts 48 h postinfection; however, they were apparent 140 h postinfection. By using Northern hybridization, RNase protection assays, and primer extension analysis, the MSRs were determined to map antisense to the predicted translational start site of the ICP4 homolog gene. The conclusion most consistent with the data is that the two MSRs are overlapping, spliced RNAs. Both small RNAs contain a latency promoter binding factor consensus recognition sequence located toward their 5' ends as well as two potential ICP4 recognition consensus sequences, one in each orientation. The region contains a number of small open reading frames on each side and within the MSRs. Although the exact endpoints are unknown, the large 10-kb species spans the entire ICP4 homolog region. We believe that this group of RNAs, which map antisense to the ICP4 homolog gene, are latency-associated transcripts of MDV.
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antibiotic and / or probiotic is a Scope, 8 weeks before the study is a Temporal, Chronic gastrointestinal system disorders is a Condition, Congenital anomalies is a Condition, Chronic diseases is a Condition, Chemotherapy is a Procedure, radiotherapy is a Procedure, Pregnancy is a Condition | NCT02765217_exc_task0 | Sentence: Receiving antibiotic and/or probiotic, 8 weeks before the study
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antibiotic and / or probiotic is a Scope, 8 weeks before the study is a Temporal, Chronic gastrointestinal system disorders is a Condition, Congenital anomalies is a Condition, Chronic diseases is a Condition, Chemotherapy is a Procedure, radiotherapy is a Procedure, Pregnancy is a Condition | NCT02765217_exc_task1 | Sentence: Receiving antibiotic and/or probiotic, 8 weeks before the study
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Tetraglyme is a compound, fibrinogen is a protein, von Willebrand factor is a protein | DS.d250_task0 | Sentence: Tetraglyme coatings reduce fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor adsorption and platelet adhesion under both static and flow conditions.
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Tetraglyme is a compound, fibrinogen is a protein, von Willebrand factor is a protein | DS.d250_task1 | Sentence: Tetraglyme coatings reduce fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor adsorption and platelet adhesion under both static and flow conditions.
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Tetraglyme, fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor | DS.d250_task2 | Sentence: Tetraglyme coatings reduce fibrinogen and von Willebrand factor adsorption and platelet adhesion under both static and flow conditions.
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Txnip is a GENE-Y, orphan G protein coupled receptor is a GENE-N, Gpr50 is a GENE-Y, thioredoxin interacting protein is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, 2-deoxyglucose is a CHEMICAL, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y | 13410_task0 | Sentence: Induction of the metabolic regulator Txnip in fasting-induced and natural torpor.
Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor.
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Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor. | [
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Txnip is a GENE-Y, orphan G protein coupled receptor is a GENE-N, Gpr50 is a GENE-Y, thioredoxin interacting protein is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, 2-deoxyglucose is a CHEMICAL, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y, Txnip is a GENE-Y | 13410_task1 | Sentence: Induction of the metabolic regulator Txnip in fasting-induced and natural torpor.
Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Txnip, orphan G protein coupled receptor, Gpr50, thioredoxin interacting protein, Txnip, Txnip, Txnip, Txnip, 2-deoxyglucose, Txnip, Txnip, Txnip, Txnip
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Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor. | [
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Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor.
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Torpor is a physiological state characterised by controlled lowering of metabolic rate and core body temperature, allowing substantial energy savings during periods of reduced food availability or harsh environmental conditions. The hypothalamus coordinates energy homeostasis and thermoregulation, and plays a key role in directing torpor. We recently showed that mice lacking the orphan G protein coupled receptor Gpr50 readily enter torpor in response to fasting, and have now used these mice to conduct a microarray analysis of hypothalamic gene expression changes related to the torpor state. This revealed a strong induction of thioredoxin interacting protein (Txnip) in the hypothalamus of torpid mice, which was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. In situ hybridisation identified the ependyma lining the third ventricle as the principal site of torpor-related expression of Txnip. To characterise further the relationship between Txnip and torpor, we profiled Txnip expression in mice during prolonged fasting, cold exposure, and 2-deoxyglucose-induced hypometabolism, as well as in naturally occurring torpor bouts in the Siberian hamster. Strikingly, pronounced upregulation of Txnip expression was only observed in WT mice when driven into torpor, and during torpor in the Siberian hamster. Increase of Txnip was not limited to the hypothalamus, with exaggerated expression in white adipose tissue, brown adipose tissue, and liver also demonstrated in torpid mice. Given the recent identification of Txnip as a molecular nutrient sensor important in the regulation of energy metabolism, our data suggest that elevated Txnip expression is critical to regulating energy expenditure and fuel utilisation during the extreme hypometabolic state of torpor. | [
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review is an umlsterm, children is an umlsterm, lymphoma is an umlsterm, University is an umlsterm, Nigeria is an umlsterm, Teaching Hospital is an umlsterm, period is an umlsterm, males is an umlsterm, females is an umlsterm, incidence is an umlsterm, tumour is an umlsterm, frequency is an umlsterm, face is an umlsterm, abdomen is an umlsterm, spinal column is an umlsterm, spleen is an umlsterm, lungs is an umlsterm, interaction is an umlsterm, Epstein - Barr virus infections is an umlsterm, malnutrition is an umlsterm, aetiology is an umlsterm, tumour is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, cyclophosphamide is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, vincristine is an umlsterm, methotrexate is an umlsterm, single is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, survival is an umlsterm | MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.90030220.eng.abstr_task0 | Sentence: A review of 110 children with Burkitt's lymphoma admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Enugu during a 7-year period revealed a preponderance of males over females ( 1.9 : 1 ) and a peak incidence at five years . The main sites affected initially by the tumour in order of frequency were the face and abdomen . The spinal column , spleen , and lungs were less affected . It is postulated that an interaction between malarial and Epstein-Barr virus infections and malnutrition are important in the aetiology of the tumour . The most effective drug is cyclophosphamide . A combination of this drug with vincristine and methotrexate is equally effective in inducing remissions , but is better than the single agent in preventing systemic relapse . Follow-up of the patients revealed good survival .
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] | A review of 110 children with Burkitt's lymphoma admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Enugu during a 7-year period revealed a preponderance of males over females ( 1.9 : 1 ) and a peak incidence at five years . The main sites affected initially by the tumour in order of frequency were the face and abdomen . The spinal column , spleen , and lungs were less affected . It is postulated that an interaction between malarial and Epstein-Barr virus infections and malnutrition are important in the aetiology of the tumour . The most effective drug is cyclophosphamide . A combination of this drug with vincristine and methotrexate is equally effective in inducing remissions , but is better than the single agent in preventing systemic relapse . Follow-up of the patients revealed good survival . | [
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review, children, lymphoma, University, Nigeria, Teaching Hospital, period, males, females, incidence, tumour, frequency, face, abdomen, spinal column, spleen, lungs, interaction, Epstein - Barr virus infections, malnutrition, aetiology, tumour, drug, cyclophosphamide, drug, vincristine, methotrexate, single, patients, survival | MundKieferGesichtschirurgie.90030220.eng.abstr_task2 | Sentence: A review of 110 children with Burkitt's lymphoma admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Enugu during a 7-year period revealed a preponderance of males over females ( 1.9 : 1 ) and a peak incidence at five years . The main sites affected initially by the tumour in order of frequency were the face and abdomen . The spinal column , spleen , and lungs were less affected . It is postulated that an interaction between malarial and Epstein-Barr virus infections and malnutrition are important in the aetiology of the tumour . The most effective drug is cyclophosphamide . A combination of this drug with vincristine and methotrexate is equally effective in inducing remissions , but is better than the single agent in preventing systemic relapse . Follow-up of the patients revealed good survival .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
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"B-umlsterm",
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"B-umlsterm",
"I-umlsterm",
"O",
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] | A review of 110 children with Burkitt's lymphoma admitted to the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital , Enugu during a 7-year period revealed a preponderance of males over females ( 1.9 : 1 ) and a peak incidence at five years . The main sites affected initially by the tumour in order of frequency were the face and abdomen . The spinal column , spleen , and lungs were less affected . It is postulated that an interaction between malarial and Epstein-Barr virus infections and malnutrition are important in the aetiology of the tumour . The most effective drug is cyclophosphamide . A combination of this drug with vincristine and methotrexate is equally effective in inducing remissions , but is better than the single agent in preventing systemic relapse . Follow-up of the patients revealed good survival . | [
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Analyse is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, koronarer Herzkrankheit is an umlsterm, SPECT is an umlsterm | DerRadiologe.00400155.ger.abstr_task0 | Sentence: Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen .
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: umlsterm
| [
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"O",
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"I-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O"
] | Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen . | [
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Analyse is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, koronarer Herzkrankheit is an umlsterm, SPECT is an umlsterm | DerRadiologe.00400155.ger.abstr_task1 | Sentence: Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen .
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Analyse, Patienten, koronarer Herzkrankheit, SPECT
Options: umlsterm
| [
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
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"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
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"I-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O"
] | Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen . | [
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Analyse, Patienten, koronarer Herzkrankheit, SPECT | DerRadiologe.00400155.ger.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"I-umlsterm",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-umlsterm",
"O",
"O"
] | Fragestellung : Die kombinierte Ruhe- und Belastungsuntersuchung der myokardialen Durchblutung in der MRT sowie die Analyse qualitativer SI-Parameter der MR-Myokardperfusion bei Patienten mit koronarer Herzkrankheit wurden mit der 99mTc-SestaMIBI SPECT verglichen . | [
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"verglichen",
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] | [
"umlsterm"
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FOXO1 is a GENE-Y, TSH is a GENE-N, IGF - I is a GENE-Y | 23160481_task0 | Sentence: FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N
| [
"B-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"B-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. | [
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"in",
"thyroid",
"tumorigenesis",
"."
] | [
"GENE-N",
"GENE-Y",
"CHEMICAL"
] |
FOXO1 is a GENE-Y, TSH is a GENE-N, IGF - I is a GENE-Y | 23160481_task1 | Sentence: FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: FOXO1, TSH, IGF - I
Options: GENE-Y, GENE-N
| [
"B-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"B-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. | [
"FOXO1",
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"in",
"thyroid",
"tumorigenesis",
"."
] | [
"GENE-N",
"GENE-Y",
"CHEMICAL"
] |
FOXO1, TSH, IGF - I | 23160481_task2 | Sentence: FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"B-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"B-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"I-GENE-Y",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | FOXO1 controls thyroid cell proliferation in response to TSH and IGF-I and is involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. | [
"FOXO1",
"controls",
"thyroid",
"cell",
"proliferation",
"in",
"response",
"to",
"TSH",
"and",
"IGF",
"-",
"I",
"and",
"is",
"involved",
"in",
"thyroid",
"tumorigenesis",
"."
] | [
"GENE-N",
"GENE-Y",
"CHEMICAL"
] |
atherosclerosis is an other_name | 102068_task0 | Sentence: Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: other_name
| [
"O",
"O",
"B-other_name",
"O"
] | Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. | [
"Pathogenesis",
"of",
"atherosclerosis",
"."
] | [
"protein_family_or_group",
"other_name",
"lipid",
"tissue",
"cell_type",
"DNA_family_or_group"
] |
atherosclerosis is an other_name | 102068_task1 | Sentence: Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: atherosclerosis
Options: other_name
| [
"O",
"O",
"B-other_name",
"O"
] | Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. | [
"Pathogenesis",
"of",
"atherosclerosis",
"."
] | [
"protein_family_or_group",
"other_name",
"lipid",
"tissue",
"cell_type",
"DNA_family_or_group"
] |
atherosclerosis | 102068_task2 | Sentence: Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"O",
"O",
"B-other_name",
"O"
] | Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. | [
"Pathogenesis",
"of",
"atherosclerosis",
"."
] | [
"protein_family_or_group",
"other_name",
"lipid",
"tissue",
"cell_type",
"DNA_family_or_group"
] |
alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor is a GENE-N | 11682453_task0 | Sentence: alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: GENE-N
| [
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta. | [
"alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor",
"subtypes",
"in",
"the",
"mouse",
"mesenteric",
"artery",
"and",
"abdominal",
"aorta",
"."
] | [
"GENE-Y",
"GENE-N",
"CHEMICAL"
] |
alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor is a GENE-N | 11682453_task1 | Sentence: alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor
Options: GENE-N
| [
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta. | [
"alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor",
"subtypes",
"in",
"the",
"mouse",
"mesenteric",
"artery",
"and",
"abdominal",
"aorta",
"."
] | [
"GENE-Y",
"GENE-N",
"CHEMICAL"
] |
alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor | 11682453_task2 | Sentence: alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"B-GENE-N",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O",
"O"
] | alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor subtypes in the mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta. | [
"alpha(1)-Adrenoceptor",
"subtypes",
"in",
"the",
"mouse",
"mesenteric",
"artery",
"and",
"abdominal",
"aorta",
"."
] | [
"GENE-Y",
"GENE-N",
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Extracellular loop 3 is a GENE-N, EL3 is a GENE-N, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 is a GENE-N, mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors is a GENE-N, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors is a GENE-N, GnRHRs is a GENE-N, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, green monkey GnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, type II GnRHR is a GENE-Y, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, type I GnRHR is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, extracellular loop 3 is a GENE-N, EL3 is a GENE-N, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 is a GENE-N, TMH7 is a GENE-N, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, amino acids is a CHEMICAL, Leu is a CHEMICAL, Leu is a CHEMICAL, Ala is a CHEMICAL, Pro is a CHEMICAL, TMH7 is a GENE-N, Ser - Glu - Pro is a CHEMICAL, EL3 is a GENE-N, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, gmGnRH-2 is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, amino acids is a CHEMICAL, GnRHs is a GENE-N, type I and type II GnRHRs is a GENE-N, GnRHs is a GENE-N | 2207_task0 | Sentence: Extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 of the mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors determine differential ligand selectivity to GnRH-I and GnRH-II.
Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors (GnRHRs) show differential ligand preference for GnRH-I and GnRH-II, respectively. Using a variety of chimeric receptors based on green monkey GnRHR-2 (gmGnRHR-2), a representative type II GnRHR, and rat GnRHR, a representative type I GnRHR, this study elucidated specific domains responsible for this ligand selectivity. A chimeric gmGnRHR-2 with the extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 (TMH7) of rat GnRHR showed a great increase in ligand sensitivity to GnRH-I but not to GnRH-II. Point-mutation studies indicate that four amino acids, Leu/Phe(7.38), Leu/Phe(7.43), Ala/Pro(7.46), and Pro/Cys(7.47) in TMH7 are critical for ligand selectivity as well as receptor conformation. Furthermore, a combinatory mutation (Pro(7.31)-Pro(7.32)-Ser(7.33) motif to Ser-Glu-Pro in EL3 and Leu(7.38), Leu(7.43), Ala(7.46), and Pro(7.47) to those of rat GnRHR) in gmGnRH-2 exhibited an approximately 500-fold increased sensitivity to GnRH-I, indicating that these residues are critical for discriminating GnRH-II from GnRH-I. [Trp(7)]GnRH-I and [Trp(8)]GnRH-I but not [His(5)]GnRH-I exhibit a higher potency in activating wild-type gmGnRHR-2 than native GnRH-I, indicating that amino acids at positions 7 and 8 of GnRHs are more important than position 5 for differential recognition by type I and type II GnRHRs. As a whole, these data suggest a molecular coevolution of ligands and their receptors and facilitate the understanding of the molecular interaction between GnRHs and their cognate receptors.
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Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors (GnRHRs) show differential ligand preference for GnRH-I and GnRH-II, respectively. Using a variety of chimeric receptors based on green monkey GnRHR-2 (gmGnRHR-2), a representative type II GnRHR, and rat GnRHR, a representative type I GnRHR, this study elucidated specific domains responsible for this ligand selectivity. A chimeric gmGnRHR-2 with the extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 (TMH7) of rat GnRHR showed a great increase in ligand sensitivity to GnRH-I but not to GnRH-II. Point-mutation studies indicate that four amino acids, Leu/Phe(7.38), Leu/Phe(7.43), Ala/Pro(7.46), and Pro/Cys(7.47) in TMH7 are critical for ligand selectivity as well as receptor conformation. Furthermore, a combinatory mutation (Pro(7.31)-Pro(7.32)-Ser(7.33) motif to Ser-Glu-Pro in EL3 and Leu(7.38), Leu(7.43), Ala(7.46), and Pro(7.47) to those of rat GnRHR) in gmGnRH-2 exhibited an approximately 500-fold increased sensitivity to GnRH-I, indicating that these residues are critical for discriminating GnRH-II from GnRH-I. [Trp(7)]GnRH-I and [Trp(8)]GnRH-I but not [His(5)]GnRH-I exhibit a higher potency in activating wild-type gmGnRHR-2 than native GnRH-I, indicating that amino acids at positions 7 and 8 of GnRHs are more important than position 5 for differential recognition by type I and type II GnRHRs. As a whole, these data suggest a molecular coevolution of ligands and their receptors and facilitate the understanding of the molecular interaction between GnRHs and their cognate receptors. | [
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Extracellular loop 3 is a GENE-N, EL3 is a GENE-N, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 is a GENE-N, mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors is a GENE-N, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors is a GENE-N, GnRHRs is a GENE-N, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, green monkey GnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, type II GnRHR is a GENE-Y, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, type I GnRHR is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, extracellular loop 3 is a GENE-N, EL3 is a GENE-N, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 is a GENE-N, TMH7 is a GENE-N, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, amino acids is a CHEMICAL, Leu is a CHEMICAL, Leu is a CHEMICAL, Ala is a CHEMICAL, Pro is a CHEMICAL, TMH7 is a GENE-N, Ser - Glu - Pro is a CHEMICAL, EL3 is a GENE-N, rat GnRHR is a GENE-Y, gmGnRH-2 is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, GnRH - II is a GENE-Y, gmGnRHR-2 is a GENE-Y, GnRH - I is a GENE-Y, amino acids is a CHEMICAL, GnRHs is a GENE-N, type I and type II GnRHRs is a GENE-N, GnRHs is a GENE-N | 2207_task1 | Sentence: Extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 of the mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors determine differential ligand selectivity to GnRH-I and GnRH-II.
Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors (GnRHRs) show differential ligand preference for GnRH-I and GnRH-II, respectively. Using a variety of chimeric receptors based on green monkey GnRHR-2 (gmGnRHR-2), a representative type II GnRHR, and rat GnRHR, a representative type I GnRHR, this study elucidated specific domains responsible for this ligand selectivity. A chimeric gmGnRHR-2 with the extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 (TMH7) of rat GnRHR showed a great increase in ligand sensitivity to GnRH-I but not to GnRH-II. Point-mutation studies indicate that four amino acids, Leu/Phe(7.38), Leu/Phe(7.43), Ala/Pro(7.46), and Pro/Cys(7.47) in TMH7 are critical for ligand selectivity as well as receptor conformation. Furthermore, a combinatory mutation (Pro(7.31)-Pro(7.32)-Ser(7.33) motif to Ser-Glu-Pro in EL3 and Leu(7.38), Leu(7.43), Ala(7.46), and Pro(7.47) to those of rat GnRHR) in gmGnRH-2 exhibited an approximately 500-fold increased sensitivity to GnRH-I, indicating that these residues are critical for discriminating GnRH-II from GnRH-I. [Trp(7)]GnRH-I and [Trp(8)]GnRH-I but not [His(5)]GnRH-I exhibit a higher potency in activating wild-type gmGnRHR-2 than native GnRH-I, indicating that amino acids at positions 7 and 8 of GnRHs are more important than position 5 for differential recognition by type I and type II GnRHRs. As a whole, these data suggest a molecular coevolution of ligands and their receptors and facilitate the understanding of the molecular interaction between GnRHs and their cognate receptors.
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Extracellular loop 3, EL3, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7, mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors, GnRH - I, GnRH - II, Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( GnRH ) receptors, GnRHRs, GnRH - I, GnRH - II, green monkey GnRHR-2, gmGnRHR-2, type II GnRHR, rat GnRHR, type I GnRHR, gmGnRHR-2, extracellular loop 3, EL3, EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7, TMH7, rat GnRHR, GnRH - I, GnRH - II, amino acids, Leu, Leu, Ala, Pro, TMH7, Ser - Glu - Pro, EL3, rat GnRHR, gmGnRH-2, GnRH - I, GnRH - II, gmGnRHR-2, GnRH - I, amino acids, GnRHs, type I and type II GnRHRs, GnRHs | 2207_task2 | Sentence: Extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 of the mammalian type I and type II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors determine differential ligand selectivity to GnRH-I and GnRH-II.
Mammalian type I and II gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors (GnRHRs) show differential ligand preference for GnRH-I and GnRH-II, respectively. Using a variety of chimeric receptors based on green monkey GnRHR-2 (gmGnRHR-2), a representative type II GnRHR, and rat GnRHR, a representative type I GnRHR, this study elucidated specific domains responsible for this ligand selectivity. A chimeric gmGnRHR-2 with the extracellular loop 3 (EL3) and EL3-proximal transmembrane helix 7 (TMH7) of rat GnRHR showed a great increase in ligand sensitivity to GnRH-I but not to GnRH-II. Point-mutation studies indicate that four amino acids, Leu/Phe(7.38), Leu/Phe(7.43), Ala/Pro(7.46), and Pro/Cys(7.47) in TMH7 are critical for ligand selectivity as well as receptor conformation. Furthermore, a combinatory mutation (Pro(7.31)-Pro(7.32)-Ser(7.33) motif to Ser-Glu-Pro in EL3 and Leu(7.38), Leu(7.43), Ala(7.46), and Pro(7.47) to those of rat GnRHR) in gmGnRH-2 exhibited an approximately 500-fold increased sensitivity to GnRH-I, indicating that these residues are critical for discriminating GnRH-II from GnRH-I. [Trp(7)]GnRH-I and [Trp(8)]GnRH-I but not [His(5)]GnRH-I exhibit a higher potency in activating wild-type gmGnRHR-2 than native GnRH-I, indicating that amino acids at positions 7 and 8 of GnRHs are more important than position 5 for differential recognition by type I and type II GnRHRs. As a whole, these data suggest a molecular coevolution of ligands and their receptors and facilitate the understanding of the molecular interaction between GnRHs and their cognate receptors.
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CIITA is a Protein, HLA - DR promoter is a Entity, IFN - gamma is a Protein, IFN - gamma is a Protein, MHC class II gene is a Entity, MHC class II gene is a Entity, CIITA is a Protein, MHC class II gene is a Entity, MHC class II DRA promoter is a Entity, IFN - gamma is a Protein, DRA gene regulatory sequences is a Entity, IFN - gamma is a Protein, CIITA is a Protein, IFN - gamma is a Protein, MHC class II gene is a Entity | 140_task0 | Sentence: Induction of CIITA and modification of in vivo HLA-DR promoter occupancy in normal thymic epithelial cells treated with IFN-gamma: similarities and distinctions with respect to HLA-DR-constitutive B cells.
In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
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In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
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In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
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In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
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CIITA, HLA - DR promoter, IFN - gamma, IFN - gamma, MHC class II gene, MHC class II gene, CIITA, MHC class II gene, MHC class II DRA promoter, IFN - gamma, DRA gene regulatory sequences, IFN - gamma, CIITA, IFN - gamma, MHC class II gene | 140_task2 | Sentence: Induction of CIITA and modification of in vivo HLA-DR promoter occupancy in normal thymic epithelial cells treated with IFN-gamma: similarities and distinctions with respect to HLA-DR-constitutive B cells.
In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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] | Induction of CIITA and modification of in vivo HLA-DR promoter occupancy in normal thymic epithelial cells treated with IFN-gamma: similarities and distinctions with respect to HLA-DR-constitutive B cells.
In this study, the IFN-gamma induction of MHC class II gene expression in primary cultures of thymic epithelial cells (TEC) was analyzed. This cellular system offers the advantage that MHC class II induction is studied in a "physiologic" cell lineage that, as a result of this expression within the thymus, is thought to participate to the selection and maturation of the T cells. It was found that the MHC class II gene expression was associated with the de novo transcription of the gene encoding the CIITA trans-activator, a crucial MHC class II gene regulatory factor. Furthermore, the anatomy of interaction between the MHC class II DRA promoter and corresponding binding factors was analyzed by in vivo DNAse I footprint. It was found that treatment with IFN-gamma induces changes in the occupancy of the DRA gene regulatory sequences by nuclear factors. The resulting occupancy displays strong similarities with the one observed in the MHC class II-constitutive B cells, represented by both the Burkitt lymphoma line Raji and normal tonsil- derived B cells. However, some peculiar differences were observed between the TEC, either IFN-gamma-induced or not, and the constitutive B cells. These results suggest that both common mechanisms, such as the one mediated by the CIITA trans-activator, and distinct tissue-specific constraints contribute to the transcriptional control of constitutive and IFN-gamma-induced MHC class II gene expression.
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patient is an umlsterm, laryngectomy is an umlsterm, carcinoma is an umlsterm, voice is an umlsterm, esophageal speech is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, esophagus is an umlsterm, esophagectomy is an umlsterm, stomach is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, esophageal speech is an umlsterm | DerChirurg.90700308.eng.abstr_task0 | Sentence: We report the case of a 71-year-old patient who had a laryngectomy 16 years ago because of a laryngeal carcinoma and achieved voice restoration by esophageal speech . Now a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus had been diagnosed and was treated with a subtotal esophagectomy , stomach transposition , and collar anastomosis . Postoperatively , the patient remained esophageal speech without loss of quality .
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: umlsterm
| [
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] | We report the case of a 71-year-old patient who had a laryngectomy 16 years ago because of a laryngeal carcinoma and achieved voice restoration by esophageal speech . Now a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus had been diagnosed and was treated with a subtotal esophagectomy , stomach transposition , and collar anastomosis . Postoperatively , the patient remained esophageal speech without loss of quality . | [
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patient is an umlsterm, laryngectomy is an umlsterm, carcinoma is an umlsterm, voice is an umlsterm, esophageal speech is an umlsterm, squamous cell carcinoma is an umlsterm, esophagus is an umlsterm, esophagectomy is an umlsterm, stomach is an umlsterm, patient is an umlsterm, esophageal speech is an umlsterm | DerChirurg.90700308.eng.abstr_task1 | Sentence: We report the case of a 71-year-old patient who had a laryngectomy 16 years ago because of a laryngeal carcinoma and achieved voice restoration by esophageal speech . Now a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus had been diagnosed and was treated with a subtotal esophagectomy , stomach transposition , and collar anastomosis . Postoperatively , the patient remained esophageal speech without loss of quality .
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: patient, laryngectomy, carcinoma, voice, esophageal speech, squamous cell carcinoma, esophagus, esophagectomy, stomach, patient, esophageal speech
Options: umlsterm
| [
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patient, laryngectomy, carcinoma, voice, esophageal speech, squamous cell carcinoma, esophagus, esophagectomy, stomach, patient, esophageal speech | DerChirurg.90700308.eng.abstr_task2 | Sentence: We report the case of a 71-year-old patient who had a laryngectomy 16 years ago because of a laryngeal carcinoma and achieved voice restoration by esophageal speech . Now a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus had been diagnosed and was treated with a subtotal esophagectomy , stomach transposition , and collar anastomosis . Postoperatively , the patient remained esophageal speech without loss of quality .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
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] | We report the case of a 71-year-old patient who had a laryngectomy 16 years ago because of a laryngeal carcinoma and achieved voice restoration by esophageal speech . Now a squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus had been diagnosed and was treated with a subtotal esophagectomy , stomach transposition , and collar anastomosis . Postoperatively , the patient remained esophageal speech without loss of quality . | [
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rolipram is a CHEMICAL, phosphodiesterase-4B is a GENE-Y, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, phosphodiesterase-4B is a GENE-Y, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, nucleotide is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4 is a GENE-N, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, D - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, Rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a CHEMICAL | 1560_task0 | Sentence: Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis.
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] | Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis. | [
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"CHEMICAL",
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rolipram is a CHEMICAL, phosphodiesterase-4B is a GENE-Y, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, phosphodiesterase-4B is a GENE-Y, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, nucleotide is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4 is a GENE-N, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, D - amphetamine is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, Rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, rolipram is a CHEMICAL, PDE4B is a GENE-Y, cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a CHEMICAL | 1560_task1 | Sentence: Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: rolipram, phosphodiesterase-4B, PDE4B, phosphodiesterase-4B, PDE4B, nucleotide, PDE4B, rolipram, PDE4, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, D - amphetamine, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, Rolipram, PDE4B, rolipram, PDE4B, cyclic adenosine monophosphate
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] | Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis. | [
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rolipram, phosphodiesterase-4B, PDE4B, phosphodiesterase-4B, PDE4B, nucleotide, PDE4B, rolipram, PDE4, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, D - amphetamine, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, PDE4B, rolipram, rolipram, Rolipram, PDE4B, rolipram, PDE4B, cyclic adenosine monophosphate | 1560_task2 | Sentence: Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis.
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] | Antipsychotic profile of rolipram: efficacy in rats and reduced sensitivity in mice deficient in the phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) enzyme.
RATIONALE: Recent studies provide evidence for reduced phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B) as a genetic susceptibility factor as well as suggesting an association of several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PDE4B that are associated with an increased incidence of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to assess the activity of rolipram, a nonsubtype-selective PDE4 inhibitor, in several animal models predictive of antipsychotic-like efficacy and side-effect liability and to use PDE4B wild-type and knockout mice to begin to understand the subtypes involved in the activity of rolipram. RESULTS: In rats, rolipram antagonized both phencyclidine hydrochloride- and D-amphetamine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited conditioned avoidance responding (CAR). In PDE4B wild-type mice, rolipram dose-dependently suppressed CAR (ED(50) = 2.4 mg/kg); however, in knockout mice, their sensitivity to rolipram at the higher doses (1.0 and 3.2 mg/kg) was reduced, resulting in a threefold shift in the ED(50) (7.3 mg/kg), suggesting PDE4B is involved, at least in part, with the activity of rolipram. Only the highest dose of rolipram (3.2 mg/kg) produced a modest but significant degree of catalepsy. CONCLUSIONS: Rolipram has a pharmacologic profile similar to that of the atypical antipsychotics and has low extrapyramidal symptom liability. These results suggest that PDE4B mediates the antipsychotic effects of rolipram in CAR and that the PDE4B-regulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway may play a role in the pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of psychosis. | [
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[ Vulvovaginal Candida mycoses -- treatment is a Participant_Condition, clotrimazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological | 74542_task0 | Sentence: [ Vulvovaginal Candida mycoses -- treatment with clotrimazole . Comparison of single-dose treatment with 6-day therapy ] .
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[ Vulvovaginal Candida mycoses -- treatment, clotrimazole | 74542_task2 | Sentence: [ Vulvovaginal Candida mycoses -- treatment with clotrimazole . Comparison of single-dose treatment with 6-day therapy ] .
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tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a Protein, TNF is a Protein, interleukin-1-beta is a Protein, IL-1 is a Protein, interleukin-6 is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, TNF is a Protein, TNF is a Protein, IL-1 is a Protein, IL-6 is a Protein, p65 is a Protein, p50 is a Protein | 563_task0 | Sentence: Surfactant suppresses NF-kappa B activation in human monocytic cells.
In addition to biophysical properties, pulmonary surfactant has immunomodulatory activity. We previously demonstrated that both synthetic (Exosurf) and modified natural surfactant (Survanta) downregulated endotoxin-stimulated inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and protein products (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF], interleukin-1-beta [IL-1], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in human alveolar macrophages. In this study, we report that both Exosurf and Survanta suppress TNF mRNA and secretion (85 +/- 4% mean percent inhibition +/- SEM by Exosurf; 71 +/- 6% by Survanta) by endotoxin-stimulated THP-1, a human monocytic cell line. Because surfactant downregulated inflammatory cytokine production similarly in both normal human alveolar macrophages and the THP-1 cell line, we used this cell line to investigate whether surfactant affected transcriptional mechanisms. Specifically, we examined nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation because it is crucial in transcriptional regulation of many inflammatory cytokine genes including TNF, IL-1, and IL-6. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that both surfactants decreased activation of NF-kappa B. The presence of both p65 and p50 NF-kappa B components in LPS-activated THP-1 cells was confirmed by specific antibody induction of supershifts in mobility assays. These results are the first to suggest that surfactant's suppressive effects on inflammatory cytokine production may involve transcriptional regulation through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation.
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In addition to biophysical properties, pulmonary surfactant has immunomodulatory activity. We previously demonstrated that both synthetic (Exosurf) and modified natural surfactant (Survanta) downregulated endotoxin-stimulated inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and protein products (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF], interleukin-1-beta [IL-1], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in human alveolar macrophages. In this study, we report that both Exosurf and Survanta suppress TNF mRNA and secretion (85 +/- 4% mean percent inhibition +/- SEM by Exosurf; 71 +/- 6% by Survanta) by endotoxin-stimulated THP-1, a human monocytic cell line. Because surfactant downregulated inflammatory cytokine production similarly in both normal human alveolar macrophages and the THP-1 cell line, we used this cell line to investigate whether surfactant affected transcriptional mechanisms. Specifically, we examined nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation because it is crucial in transcriptional regulation of many inflammatory cytokine genes including TNF, IL-1, and IL-6. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that both surfactants decreased activation of NF-kappa B. The presence of both p65 and p50 NF-kappa B components in LPS-activated THP-1 cells was confirmed by specific antibody induction of supershifts in mobility assays. These results are the first to suggest that surfactant's suppressive effects on inflammatory cytokine production may involve transcriptional regulation through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation.
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In addition to biophysical properties, pulmonary surfactant has immunomodulatory activity. We previously demonstrated that both synthetic (Exosurf) and modified natural surfactant (Survanta) downregulated endotoxin-stimulated inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and protein products (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF], interleukin-1-beta [IL-1], interleukin-6 [IL-6]) in human alveolar macrophages. In this study, we report that both Exosurf and Survanta suppress TNF mRNA and secretion (85 +/- 4% mean percent inhibition +/- SEM by Exosurf; 71 +/- 6% by Survanta) by endotoxin-stimulated THP-1, a human monocytic cell line. Because surfactant downregulated inflammatory cytokine production similarly in both normal human alveolar macrophages and the THP-1 cell line, we used this cell line to investigate whether surfactant affected transcriptional mechanisms. Specifically, we examined nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation because it is crucial in transcriptional regulation of many inflammatory cytokine genes including TNF, IL-1, and IL-6. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that both surfactants decreased activation of NF-kappa B. The presence of both p65 and p50 NF-kappa B components in LPS-activated THP-1 cells was confirmed by specific antibody induction of supershifts in mobility assays. These results are the first to suggest that surfactant's suppressive effects on inflammatory cytokine production may involve transcriptional regulation through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation.
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Erytheme, Patienten, Gesicht, Hals, Hauterscheinungen, Therapieversuche, Verlaufsbiopsien, Patienten, Hautveraenderungen | DerHautarzt.90500270.ger.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Das seltene Erythema migrans arciforme et palpabile Clark ( EMAP ) wurde bisher als eigenstaendiges Krankheitsbild aus der Gruppe der T-Zell-Pseudolymphome betrachet . Das klinische Bild der anulaeren infiltrierten Erytheme , die sich insbesondere am Stamm grossflaechig ausbreiten , ist typisch fuer das EMAP und grenzt es von anderen Pseudolymphomen ab . Da aber speziell die haeufigere Lymphocytic Infiltration of the Skin Jessner-Kanof ( LIS ) histologisch und auch immunhistochemisch kaum vom EMAP abzugrenzen ist , wurde schon in der Vergangenheit die Eigenstaendigkeit des EMAP als eigene Entitaet angezweifelt . Wir berichten hier von einem 46jaehrigen Patienten , bei dem zu einer chronisch bestehenden LIS im Gesicht und Hals zusaetzlich die typischen Hauterscheinungen eines EMAP am Rumpf auftraten . Im Verlauf zeigte sich auch ein synchrones Ansprechen auf verschiedene Therapieversuche . Histologisch immunhistochemisch und molekularbiologisch , konnten in Verlaufsbiopsien bei diesem Patienten keine relevanten Unterschiede zwischen Hautveraenderungen der LIS und des EMAP dargestellt werden . Aufgrund der Befunde in diesem Schluesselfall stellt sich die Frage , ob das EMAP nicht als besondere klinische Erscheinungsform der LIS betrachtet werden sollte .
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Patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, families is an umlsterm, stage is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, stages is an umlsterm, palliative treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm | DerGynaekologe.00330711.eng.abstr_task0 | Sentence: Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations .
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: umlsterm
| [
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] | Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations . | [
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"umlsterm"
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Patients is an umlsterm, cancer is an umlsterm, families is an umlsterm, stage is an umlsterm, disease is an umlsterm, stages is an umlsterm, palliative treatment is an umlsterm, patients is an umlsterm, death is an umlsterm, direct is an umlsterm, open is an umlsterm | DerGynaekologe.00330711.eng.abstr_task1 | Sentence: Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations .
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Patients, cancer, families, stage, disease, stages, palliative treatment, patients, death, direct, open
Options: umlsterm
| [
"B-umlsterm",
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] | Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations . | [
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"umlsterm"
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Patients, cancer, families, stage, disease, stages, palliative treatment, patients, death, direct, open | DerGynaekologe.00330711.eng.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
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] | Patients with progressive cancer and their families face a series of existential crises with each stage of disease up to terminal stages in which palliative treatment is begun , and patients come to accept the inevitability of death . This can lead to a unique , highly emotional situation with direct or indirect , open or hidden , varied and very personal manifestations . | [
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chloramphenicol acetyltransferase is a Protein | 335_task0 | Sentence: Lymphoid specific gene expression of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is mediated by NF-kappa B binding motifs.
A primary site of infection by human adenoviruses is lymphoid cells. However, analysis of the viral control elements and the cellular factors that regulate adenoviral gene expression in lymphocytes has not been reported. The adenovirus early region 3 (ES) gene products are involved in the maintenance of viral persistence by complexing with the class I MHC antigens, thus preventing their cell surface expression with a resultant decrease in host immunologic destruction. To determine whether different cellular factors were involved in E3 regulation in lymphocytes as compared with HeLa cells, both DNA binding and transfection analysis with the E3 promoter in both cell types were performed. These studies detected two novel domains referred to as L1 and L2 with a variety of lymphoid but not HeLa extracts. Each of these domains possessed strong homology to motifs previously found to bind the cellular factor NF-kappa B. Transfections of E3 constructs linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene revealed that mutagenesis of the distal NF-kappa B motif (L2) had minimal effects on promoter expression in HeLa cells, but resulted in dramatic decreases in expression by lymphoid cells. In contrast, mutagenesis of proximal NF-kappa B motif (L1) had minimal effects on gene expression in both HeLa cells and lymphoid cells but resulted in a small, but reproducible, increase in gene expression in lymphoid cells when coupled to the L2 mutation. Reversing the position and subsequent mutagenesis of the L1 and L2 domains indicated that the primary sequence of these motifs rather than their position in the E3 promoter was critical for regulating gene expression. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: Protein
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chloramphenicol acetyltransferase is a Protein | 335_task1 | Sentence: Lymphoid specific gene expression of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is mediated by NF-kappa B binding motifs.
A primary site of infection by human adenoviruses is lymphoid cells. However, analysis of the viral control elements and the cellular factors that regulate adenoviral gene expression in lymphocytes has not been reported. The adenovirus early region 3 (ES) gene products are involved in the maintenance of viral persistence by complexing with the class I MHC antigens, thus preventing their cell surface expression with a resultant decrease in host immunologic destruction. To determine whether different cellular factors were involved in E3 regulation in lymphocytes as compared with HeLa cells, both DNA binding and transfection analysis with the E3 promoter in both cell types were performed. These studies detected two novel domains referred to as L1 and L2 with a variety of lymphoid but not HeLa extracts. Each of these domains possessed strong homology to motifs previously found to bind the cellular factor NF-kappa B. Transfections of E3 constructs linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene revealed that mutagenesis of the distal NF-kappa B motif (L2) had minimal effects on promoter expression in HeLa cells, but resulted in dramatic decreases in expression by lymphoid cells. In contrast, mutagenesis of proximal NF-kappa B motif (L1) had minimal effects on gene expression in both HeLa cells and lymphoid cells but resulted in a small, but reproducible, increase in gene expression in lymphoid cells when coupled to the L2 mutation. Reversing the position and subsequent mutagenesis of the L1 and L2 domains indicated that the primary sequence of these motifs rather than their position in the E3 promoter was critical for regulating gene expression. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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chloramphenicol acetyltransferase | 335_task2 | Sentence: Lymphoid specific gene expression of the adenovirus early region 3 promoter is mediated by NF-kappa B binding motifs.
A primary site of infection by human adenoviruses is lymphoid cells. However, analysis of the viral control elements and the cellular factors that regulate adenoviral gene expression in lymphocytes has not been reported. The adenovirus early region 3 (ES) gene products are involved in the maintenance of viral persistence by complexing with the class I MHC antigens, thus preventing their cell surface expression with a resultant decrease in host immunologic destruction. To determine whether different cellular factors were involved in E3 regulation in lymphocytes as compared with HeLa cells, both DNA binding and transfection analysis with the E3 promoter in both cell types were performed. These studies detected two novel domains referred to as L1 and L2 with a variety of lymphoid but not HeLa extracts. Each of these domains possessed strong homology to motifs previously found to bind the cellular factor NF-kappa B. Transfections of E3 constructs linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene revealed that mutagenesis of the distal NF-kappa B motif (L2) had minimal effects on promoter expression in HeLa cells, but resulted in dramatic decreases in expression by lymphoid cells. In contrast, mutagenesis of proximal NF-kappa B motif (L1) had minimal effects on gene expression in both HeLa cells and lymphoid cells but resulted in a small, but reproducible, increase in gene expression in lymphoid cells when coupled to the L2 mutation. Reversing the position and subsequent mutagenesis of the L1 and L2 domains indicated that the primary sequence of these motifs rather than their position in the E3 promoter was critical for regulating gene expression. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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flumazenil is a compound, GAT1 is a protein | DS.d483_task0 | Sentence: We measured the ability to increase GABA in eight healthy subjects by comparing the binding of ((11)C) flumazenil, a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer specific for the benzodiazepine (BDZ) site, at baseline and in the presence of an acute elevation in GABA levels through the blockade of the GABA membrane transporter (GAT1).
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flumazenil is a compound, GAT1 is a protein | DS.d483_task1 | Sentence: We measured the ability to increase GABA in eight healthy subjects by comparing the binding of ((11)C) flumazenil, a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer specific for the benzodiazepine (BDZ) site, at baseline and in the presence of an acute elevation in GABA levels through the blockade of the GABA membrane transporter (GAT1).
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IL-4 is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, inducible nitric oxide synthase is a GENE-Y, cytokines is a GENE-N, equine ( re ) IL-4 is a GENE-Y, reIL-5 is a GENE-Y, cytokine is a GENE-N, ReIL-4 is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, vascular endothelial growth factor is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, inducible nitric oxide synthase is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a GENE-Y, TNF - alpha is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, Dexamethasone is a CHEMICAL, DXM is a CHEMICAL, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, 1400W dihydrochloride is a CHEMICAL, 1400W is a CHEMICAL, iNOS is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, DXM is a CHEMICAL, 1400W is a CHEMICAL, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, reTNF - alpha is a GENE-Y, equine nor human recombinant IL-5 is a GENE-N, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, cytokines is a GENE-N, chemokines is a GENE-N, adhesion molecules is a GENE-N, DXM is a CHEMICAL, iNOS is a GENE-Y | 30273_task0 | Sentence: IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
Little is known concerning the possible contribution of T helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines to the recruitment of neutrophils into the lung tissue. In the present study, endothelial cells from equine pulmonary arteries were cultured in the presence of recombinant equine (re) IL-4 and reIL-5, and the cytokine mRNA expression of molecules implicated in the chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils was studied using real-time RT-PCR. The functional response of reIL-4-induced endothelial cell stimulation on neutrophil migration was also studied using a chemotaxis chamber. ReIL-4 either increased the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), or potentiated the coeffects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on CXCL-8. Supernatants collected from cultured endothelial cells stimulated with reIL-4 significantly promoted neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (1400W), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, VEGF, and iNOS. DXM and 1400W attenuated the mRNA expression of E-selectin and iNOS induced by the costimulation of reIL-4, reTNF-alpha, and LPS. Neither equine nor human recombinant IL-5 influenced the mRNA expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, or VEGF. These findings suggest that Th2-type cytokines may contribute to pulmonary neutrophilia during allergic inflammation by the increased expression of neutrophil chemokines and adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. DXM and the iNOS inhibitors may decrease pulmonary neutrophilia due, in part, to a direct inhibition of some of these factors.
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IL-4 is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, inducible nitric oxide synthase is a GENE-Y, cytokines is a GENE-N, equine ( re ) IL-4 is a GENE-Y, reIL-5 is a GENE-Y, cytokine is a GENE-N, ReIL-4 is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, vascular endothelial growth factor is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, inducible nitric oxide synthase is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, tumor necrosis factor - alpha is a GENE-Y, TNF - alpha is a GENE-Y, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, Dexamethasone is a CHEMICAL, DXM is a CHEMICAL, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, 1400W dihydrochloride is a CHEMICAL, 1400W is a CHEMICAL, iNOS is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, DXM is a CHEMICAL, 1400W is a CHEMICAL, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, iNOS is a GENE-Y, reIL-4 is a GENE-Y, reTNF - alpha is a GENE-Y, equine nor human recombinant IL-5 is a GENE-N, CXCL-8 is a GENE-Y, E - selectin is a GENE-Y, VEGF is a GENE-Y, cytokines is a GENE-N, chemokines is a GENE-N, adhesion molecules is a GENE-N, DXM is a CHEMICAL, iNOS is a GENE-Y | 30273_task1 | Sentence: IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
Little is known concerning the possible contribution of T helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines to the recruitment of neutrophils into the lung tissue. In the present study, endothelial cells from equine pulmonary arteries were cultured in the presence of recombinant equine (re) IL-4 and reIL-5, and the cytokine mRNA expression of molecules implicated in the chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils was studied using real-time RT-PCR. The functional response of reIL-4-induced endothelial cell stimulation on neutrophil migration was also studied using a chemotaxis chamber. ReIL-4 either increased the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), or potentiated the coeffects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on CXCL-8. Supernatants collected from cultured endothelial cells stimulated with reIL-4 significantly promoted neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (1400W), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, VEGF, and iNOS. DXM and 1400W attenuated the mRNA expression of E-selectin and iNOS induced by the costimulation of reIL-4, reTNF-alpha, and LPS. Neither equine nor human recombinant IL-5 influenced the mRNA expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, or VEGF. These findings suggest that Th2-type cytokines may contribute to pulmonary neutrophilia during allergic inflammation by the increased expression of neutrophil chemokines and adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. DXM and the iNOS inhibitors may decrease pulmonary neutrophilia due, in part, to a direct inhibition of some of these factors.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: IL-4, CXCL-8, E - selectin, VEGF, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cytokines, equine ( re ) IL-4, reIL-5, cytokine, ReIL-4, CXCL-8, E - selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, TNF - alpha, CXCL-8, reIL-4, Dexamethasone, DXM, CXCL-8, VEGF, iNOS, reIL-4, 1400W dihydrochloride, 1400W, iNOS, E - selectin, VEGF, iNOS, DXM, 1400W, E - selectin, iNOS, reIL-4, reTNF - alpha, equine nor human recombinant IL-5, CXCL-8, E - selectin, VEGF, cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, DXM, iNOS
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Little is known concerning the possible contribution of T helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines to the recruitment of neutrophils into the lung tissue. In the present study, endothelial cells from equine pulmonary arteries were cultured in the presence of recombinant equine (re) IL-4 and reIL-5, and the cytokine mRNA expression of molecules implicated in the chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils was studied using real-time RT-PCR. The functional response of reIL-4-induced endothelial cell stimulation on neutrophil migration was also studied using a chemotaxis chamber. ReIL-4 either increased the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), or potentiated the coeffects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on CXCL-8. Supernatants collected from cultured endothelial cells stimulated with reIL-4 significantly promoted neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (1400W), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, VEGF, and iNOS. DXM and 1400W attenuated the mRNA expression of E-selectin and iNOS induced by the costimulation of reIL-4, reTNF-alpha, and LPS. Neither equine nor human recombinant IL-5 influenced the mRNA expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, or VEGF. These findings suggest that Th2-type cytokines may contribute to pulmonary neutrophilia during allergic inflammation by the increased expression of neutrophil chemokines and adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. DXM and the iNOS inhibitors may decrease pulmonary neutrophilia due, in part, to a direct inhibition of some of these factors. | [
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IL-4, CXCL-8, E - selectin, VEGF, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cytokines, equine ( re ) IL-4, reIL-5, cytokine, ReIL-4, CXCL-8, E - selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF, inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS, tumor necrosis factor - alpha, TNF - alpha, CXCL-8, reIL-4, Dexamethasone, DXM, CXCL-8, VEGF, iNOS, reIL-4, 1400W dihydrochloride, 1400W, iNOS, E - selectin, VEGF, iNOS, DXM, 1400W, E - selectin, iNOS, reIL-4, reTNF - alpha, equine nor human recombinant IL-5, CXCL-8, E - selectin, VEGF, cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, DXM, iNOS | 30273_task2 | Sentence: IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
Little is known concerning the possible contribution of T helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines to the recruitment of neutrophils into the lung tissue. In the present study, endothelial cells from equine pulmonary arteries were cultured in the presence of recombinant equine (re) IL-4 and reIL-5, and the cytokine mRNA expression of molecules implicated in the chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils was studied using real-time RT-PCR. The functional response of reIL-4-induced endothelial cell stimulation on neutrophil migration was also studied using a chemotaxis chamber. ReIL-4 either increased the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), or potentiated the coeffects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on CXCL-8. Supernatants collected from cultured endothelial cells stimulated with reIL-4 significantly promoted neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (1400W), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, VEGF, and iNOS. DXM and 1400W attenuated the mRNA expression of E-selectin and iNOS induced by the costimulation of reIL-4, reTNF-alpha, and LPS. Neither equine nor human recombinant IL-5 influenced the mRNA expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, or VEGF. These findings suggest that Th2-type cytokines may contribute to pulmonary neutrophilia during allergic inflammation by the increased expression of neutrophil chemokines and adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. DXM and the iNOS inhibitors may decrease pulmonary neutrophilia due, in part, to a direct inhibition of some of these factors.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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] | IL-4 stimulates the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, VEGF, and inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA by equine pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
Little is known concerning the possible contribution of T helper 2 (Th2)-type cytokines to the recruitment of neutrophils into the lung tissue. In the present study, endothelial cells from equine pulmonary arteries were cultured in the presence of recombinant equine (re) IL-4 and reIL-5, and the cytokine mRNA expression of molecules implicated in the chemotaxis and migration of neutrophils was studied using real-time RT-PCR. The functional response of reIL-4-induced endothelial cell stimulation on neutrophil migration was also studied using a chemotaxis chamber. ReIL-4 either increased the expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), or potentiated the coeffects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on CXCL-8. Supernatants collected from cultured endothelial cells stimulated with reIL-4 significantly promoted neutrophil migration in a dose-dependent manner. Dexamethasone (DXM) decreased the expression of CXCL-8, VEGF, and iNOS induced by reIL-4, while 1400W dihydrochloride (1400W), a selective inhibitor of iNOS, decreased the expression of E-selectin, VEGF, and iNOS. DXM and 1400W attenuated the mRNA expression of E-selectin and iNOS induced by the costimulation of reIL-4, reTNF-alpha, and LPS. Neither equine nor human recombinant IL-5 influenced the mRNA expression of CXCL-8, E-selectin, or VEGF. These findings suggest that Th2-type cytokines may contribute to pulmonary neutrophilia during allergic inflammation by the increased expression of neutrophil chemokines and adhesion molecules by endothelial cells. DXM and the iNOS inhibitors may decrease pulmonary neutrophilia due, in part, to a direct inhibition of some of these factors. | [
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ranitidine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . is a Outcome_Physical, , is a Outcome_Physical, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin is a Outcome_Physical, healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin is a Participant_Condition, Time - concentration is a Outcome_Other, pharmacokinetic parameters is a Outcome_Physical, percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) is a Outcome_Physical, Streptococcus pyogenes is a Outcome_Physical, C ( max ) is a Outcome_Other, AUC ( infinity ) is a Outcome_Other, t ( 1/2 ) is a Outcome_Other, , or is a Outcome_Physical, CL / F is a Outcome_Other, t ( max ) is a Outcome_Physical, Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) is a Outcome_Physical | 19658_task0 | Sentence: A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine , and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin . A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole . Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods . Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence . The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated . The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C ( max ) , AUC ( infinity ) , t ( 1/2 ) , or CL/F . t ( max ) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole . Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression . Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC ( 90 ) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations . With the exception of an increase in t ( max ) , there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole . Delayed t ( max ) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC ( 90 ) .
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] | A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine , and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin . A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole . Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods . Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence . The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated . The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C ( max ) , AUC ( infinity ) , t ( 1/2 ) , or CL/F . t ( max ) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole . Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression . Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC ( 90 ) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations . With the exception of an increase in t ( max ) , there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole . Delayed t ( max ) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC ( 90 ) . | [
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ranitidine is a Intervention_Pharmacological, omeprazole is a Intervention_Pharmacological, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . is a Outcome_Physical, , is a Outcome_Physical, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin is a Outcome_Physical, healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin is a Participant_Condition, Time - concentration is a Outcome_Other, pharmacokinetic parameters is a Outcome_Physical, percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) is a Outcome_Physical, Streptococcus pyogenes is a Outcome_Physical, C ( max ) is a Outcome_Other, AUC ( infinity ) is a Outcome_Other, t ( 1/2 ) is a Outcome_Other, , or is a Outcome_Physical, CL / F is a Outcome_Other, t ( max ) is a Outcome_Physical, Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) is a Outcome_Physical | 19658_task1 | Sentence: A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine , and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin . A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole . Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods . Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence . The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated . The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C ( max ) , AUC ( infinity ) , t ( 1/2 ) , or CL/F . t ( max ) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole . Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression . Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC ( 90 ) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations . With the exception of an increase in t ( max ) , there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole . Delayed t ( max ) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC ( 90 ) .
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: ranitidine, omeprazole, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate ., ,, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin, healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin, Time - concentration, pharmacokinetic parameters, percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ), Streptococcus pyogenes, C ( max ), AUC ( infinity ), t ( 1/2 ), , or, CL / F, t ( max ), Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 )
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ranitidine, omeprazole, pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate ., ,, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin, healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin, Time - concentration, pharmacokinetic parameters, percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ), Streptococcus pyogenes, C ( max ), AUC ( infinity ), t ( 1/2 ), , or, CL / F, t ( max ), Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) | 19658_task2 | Sentence: A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine , and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin . A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole . Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods . Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence . The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated . The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C ( max ) , AUC ( infinity ) , t ( 1/2 ) , or CL/F . t ( max ) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole . Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression . Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC ( 90 ) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations . With the exception of an increase in t ( max ) , there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole . Delayed t ( max ) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC ( 90 ) .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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] | A randomized crossover study investigating the influence of ranitidine or omeprazole on the pharmacokinetics of cephalexin monohydrate . Limited data characterize pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine , and no data exist for an interaction with proton pump inhibitors . The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ranitidine or omeprazole administration on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cephalexin . A randomized single- and multiple-dose crossover study was conducted in healthy subjects ingesting cephalexin before and after steady-state administration of ranitidine or omeprazole . Time-concentration profiles were determined and pharmacokinetic parameters were characterized using noncompartmental methods . Pharmacokinetic data were analyzed in accordance with the two 1-sided test for bioequivalence . The percentage of time that serum concentrations remain above the MIC ( 90 ) during the dosing interval ( T > MIC ( 90 ) ) for Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus associated with the pharmacokinetic profiles was calculated . The coadministration of cephalexin with ranitidine or omeprazole resulted in relatively minor changes in C ( max ) , AUC ( infinity ) , t ( 1/2 ) , or CL/F . t ( max ) was significantly prolonged when cephalexin was administered with ranitidine or omeprazole . Suboptimal T > MIC ( 90 ) was observed for cephalexin irrespective of acid suppression . Delay in absorption of cephalexin resulted in a decrease in the percentage of T > MIC ( 90 ) for certain acid-suppressive regimens and pathogen combinations . With the exception of an increase in t ( max ) , there were no significant pharmacokinetic interactions between cephalexin and ranitidine or omeprazole . Delayed t ( max ) associated with acid suppression may result in a diminished T > MIC ( 90 ) . | [
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Dysplasiesyndrom is an umlsterm, Gendefekts is an umlsterm, Kopfbereich is an umlsterm, Literatur is an umlsterm | HNO.80460876.ger.abstr_task0 | Sentence: Hintergrund : Das Johanson-Blizzard-Syndrom ist ein sehr seltenes autosomal rezessiv vererbtes Dysplasiesyndrom auf der Grundlage eines bisher nicht bekannten Gendefekts . Die Pathogenese ist noch ungeklaert . Die Dysplasien sind vorwiegend ektodermal . Im Kopfbereich imponieren eine charakteristische Fazies mit einer Nasenfluegelaplasie , eine bilaterale hochgradige sensorineurale Schwerhoerigkeit und Zahnfehlbildungen . In der Literatur wurden bisher etwa 30 Faelle beschrieben .
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Dysplasiesyndrom is an umlsterm, Gendefekts is an umlsterm, Kopfbereich is an umlsterm, Literatur is an umlsterm | HNO.80460876.ger.abstr_task1 | Sentence: Hintergrund : Das Johanson-Blizzard-Syndrom ist ein sehr seltenes autosomal rezessiv vererbtes Dysplasiesyndrom auf der Grundlage eines bisher nicht bekannten Gendefekts . Die Pathogenese ist noch ungeklaert . Die Dysplasien sind vorwiegend ektodermal . Im Kopfbereich imponieren eine charakteristische Fazies mit einer Nasenfluegelaplasie , eine bilaterale hochgradige sensorineurale Schwerhoerigkeit und Zahnfehlbildungen . In der Literatur wurden bisher etwa 30 Faelle beschrieben .
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Dysplasiesyndrom, Gendefekts, Kopfbereich, Literatur | HNO.80460876.ger.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Hintergrund : Das Johanson-Blizzard-Syndrom ist ein sehr seltenes autosomal rezessiv vererbtes Dysplasiesyndrom auf der Grundlage eines bisher nicht bekannten Gendefekts . Die Pathogenese ist noch ungeklaert . Die Dysplasien sind vorwiegend ektodermal . Im Kopfbereich imponieren eine charakteristische Fazies mit einer Nasenfluegelaplasie , eine bilaterale hochgradige sensorineurale Schwerhoerigkeit und Zahnfehlbildungen . In der Literatur wurden bisher etwa 30 Faelle beschrieben .
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Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N, Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, Na(+ ) is a CHEMICAL, sodium channel is a GENE-N, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N, Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, Protein Kinase D1 is a GENE-Y, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PKD is a GENE-Y, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, ENaCγ is a GENE-Y, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, ouabain is a CHEMICAL, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β is a GENE-N, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N | 17597_task0 | Sentence: Aldosterone-induced ENaC and basal Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase trafficking via protein kinase D1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ trans Golgi signalling in M1 cortical collecting duct cells.
Aldosterone regulates Na(+) transport in the distal nephron through multiple mechanisms that include the transcriptional control of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits. Aldosterone also induces the rapid phosphorylation of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). PKD isoforms regulate protein trafficking, by the control of vesicle fission from the trans Golgi network (TGN) through activation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ (PI4KIIIβ). We report rapid ENaCγ translocation to the plasma membrane after 30min aldosterone treatment in polarized M1 cortical collecting duct cells, which was significantly impaired in PKD1 shRNA-mediated knockdown cells. In PKD1-deficient cells, the ouabain-sensitive current was significantly reduced and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β subunits showed aberrant localization. PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ localize to the TGN, and aldosterone induced an interaction between PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ following aldosterone treatment. This study reveals a novel mechanism for rapid regulation of ENaC and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, via directed trafficking through PKD1-PI4KIIIβ signalling at the level of the TGN.
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Aldosterone regulates Na(+) transport in the distal nephron through multiple mechanisms that include the transcriptional control of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits. Aldosterone also induces the rapid phosphorylation of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). PKD isoforms regulate protein trafficking, by the control of vesicle fission from the trans Golgi network (TGN) through activation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ (PI4KIIIβ). We report rapid ENaCγ translocation to the plasma membrane after 30min aldosterone treatment in polarized M1 cortical collecting duct cells, which was significantly impaired in PKD1 shRNA-mediated knockdown cells. In PKD1-deficient cells, the ouabain-sensitive current was significantly reduced and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β subunits showed aberrant localization. PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ localize to the TGN, and aldosterone induced an interaction between PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ following aldosterone treatment. This study reveals a novel mechanism for rapid regulation of ENaC and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, via directed trafficking through PKD1-PI4KIIIβ signalling at the level of the TGN. | [
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Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N, Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, Na(+ ) is a CHEMICAL, sodium channel is a GENE-N, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N, Aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, Protein Kinase D1 is a GENE-Y, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PKD is a GENE-Y, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, ENaCγ is a GENE-Y, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, ouabain is a CHEMICAL, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β is a GENE-N, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, PKD1 is a GENE-Y, PI4KIIIβ is a GENE-Y, aldosterone is a CHEMICAL, ENaC is a GENE-N, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is a GENE-N | 17597_task1 | Sentence: Aldosterone-induced ENaC and basal Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase trafficking via protein kinase D1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ trans Golgi signalling in M1 cortical collecting duct cells.
Aldosterone regulates Na(+) transport in the distal nephron through multiple mechanisms that include the transcriptional control of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits. Aldosterone also induces the rapid phosphorylation of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). PKD isoforms regulate protein trafficking, by the control of vesicle fission from the trans Golgi network (TGN) through activation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ (PI4KIIIβ). We report rapid ENaCγ translocation to the plasma membrane after 30min aldosterone treatment in polarized M1 cortical collecting duct cells, which was significantly impaired in PKD1 shRNA-mediated knockdown cells. In PKD1-deficient cells, the ouabain-sensitive current was significantly reduced and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β subunits showed aberrant localization. PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ localize to the TGN, and aldosterone induced an interaction between PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ following aldosterone treatment. This study reveals a novel mechanism for rapid regulation of ENaC and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, via directed trafficking through PKD1-PI4KIIIβ signalling at the level of the TGN.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Aldosterone, ENaC, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, Aldosterone, Na(+ ), sodium channel, ENaC, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, Aldosterone, Protein Kinase D1, PKD1, PKD, phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ, PI4KIIIβ, ENaCγ, PKD1, ouabain, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β, PKD1, PI4KIIIβ, aldosterone, PKD1, PI4KIIIβ, aldosterone, ENaC, Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase
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Aldosterone regulates Na(+) transport in the distal nephron through multiple mechanisms that include the transcriptional control of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase subunits. Aldosterone also induces the rapid phosphorylation of Protein Kinase D1 (PKD1). PKD isoforms regulate protein trafficking, by the control of vesicle fission from the trans Golgi network (TGN) through activation of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinaseIIIβ (PI4KIIIβ). We report rapid ENaCγ translocation to the plasma membrane after 30min aldosterone treatment in polarized M1 cortical collecting duct cells, which was significantly impaired in PKD1 shRNA-mediated knockdown cells. In PKD1-deficient cells, the ouabain-sensitive current was significantly reduced and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase α and β subunits showed aberrant localization. PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ localize to the TGN, and aldosterone induced an interaction between PKD1 and PI4KIIIβ following aldosterone treatment. This study reveals a novel mechanism for rapid regulation of ENaC and the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, via directed trafficking through PKD1-PI4KIIIβ signalling at the level of the TGN.
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Tortoise is an umlsterm, guinea pigs is an umlsterm, ofloxacin is an umlsterm, drinking is an umlsterm, water is an umlsterm, Black is an umlsterm, white is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, animal is an umlsterm, after treatment is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, HPLC is an umlsterm, All is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, color is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, pigmentation is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, black is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, concentrations is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, black is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, animal is an umlsterm, eumelanins is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, drug is an umlsterm, hair is an umlsterm, pigmentation is an umlsterm | Rechtsmedizin.70070147.eng.abstr_task1 | Sentence: Tortoise shell guinea pigs ( n = 6 ) were administered ofloxacin ( 1 mg/mL ) in their drinking water for 3 weeks . Black , reddish-brown and white hair was collected separately from each animal before and after treatment . The hair samples were analyzed by HPLC . All hair fibers showed positive results for the drug substance administered . Even low drug intake resulted in distinct differences of the drug content in hair fibers of different color , whereas in cases of high drug intake an increasing influence of hair pigmentation on the analytical results was observed . The highest drug content was always found in black hair samples , non-pigmented hair showed the lowest drug concentrations and the drug content in reddish-brown fibers was less than in black hair samples from the same animal . From the results it was concluded , that eumelanins rather than pheomelanins are the decisive factor for ofloxacin-melanin binding in hair and the amount of drug intake is thought to determine the relevance of hair pigmentation on the analytical results .
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Tortoise, guinea pigs, ofloxacin, drinking, water, Black, white, hair, animal, after treatment, hair, HPLC, All, hair, drug, drug, drug, hair, color, drug, hair, pigmentation, drug, black, hair, hair, drug, concentrations, drug, black, hair, animal, eumelanins, hair, drug, hair, pigmentation
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Tortoise, guinea pigs, ofloxacin, drinking, water, Black, white, hair, animal, after treatment, hair, HPLC, All, hair, drug, drug, drug, hair, color, drug, hair, pigmentation, drug, black, hair, hair, drug, concentrations, drug, black, hair, animal, eumelanins, hair, drug, hair, pigmentation | Rechtsmedizin.70070147.eng.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Tortoise shell guinea pigs ( n = 6 ) were administered ofloxacin ( 1 mg/mL ) in their drinking water for 3 weeks . Black , reddish-brown and white hair was collected separately from each animal before and after treatment . The hair samples were analyzed by HPLC . All hair fibers showed positive results for the drug substance administered . Even low drug intake resulted in distinct differences of the drug content in hair fibers of different color , whereas in cases of high drug intake an increasing influence of hair pigmentation on the analytical results was observed . The highest drug content was always found in black hair samples , non-pigmented hair showed the lowest drug concentrations and the drug content in reddish-brown fibers was less than in black hair samples from the same animal . From the results it was concluded , that eumelanins rather than pheomelanins are the decisive factor for ofloxacin-melanin binding in hair and the amount of drug intake is thought to determine the relevance of hair pigmentation on the analytical results .
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
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] | Tortoise shell guinea pigs ( n = 6 ) were administered ofloxacin ( 1 mg/mL ) in their drinking water for 3 weeks . Black , reddish-brown and white hair was collected separately from each animal before and after treatment . The hair samples were analyzed by HPLC . All hair fibers showed positive results for the drug substance administered . Even low drug intake resulted in distinct differences of the drug content in hair fibers of different color , whereas in cases of high drug intake an increasing influence of hair pigmentation on the analytical results was observed . The highest drug content was always found in black hair samples , non-pigmented hair showed the lowest drug concentrations and the drug content in reddish-brown fibers was less than in black hair samples from the same animal . From the results it was concluded , that eumelanins rather than pheomelanins are the decisive factor for ofloxacin-melanin binding in hair and the amount of drug intake is thought to determine the relevance of hair pigmentation on the analytical results . | [
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Annexin - V is a protein, propidium iodide is a compound, toluidine blue is a compound | DS.d1294_task0 | Sentence: Hepatocyte apoptosis was estimated morphologically using Annexin-V combined with propidium iodide, or toluidine blue staining.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: compound, protein
| [
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] | Hepatocyte apoptosis was estimated morphologically using Annexin-V combined with propidium iodide, or toluidine blue staining. | [
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Annexin - V is a protein, propidium iodide is a compound, toluidine blue is a compound | DS.d1294_task1 | Sentence: Hepatocyte apoptosis was estimated morphologically using Annexin-V combined with propidium iodide, or toluidine blue staining.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: Annexin - V, propidium iodide, toluidine blue
Options: compound, protein
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] | Hepatocyte apoptosis was estimated morphologically using Annexin-V combined with propidium iodide, or toluidine blue staining. | [
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Annexin - V, propidium iodide, toluidine blue | DS.d1294_task2 | Sentence: Hepatocyte apoptosis was estimated morphologically using Annexin-V combined with propidium iodide, or toluidine blue staining.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
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HLA class I - mediated induction is an other_name, cell proliferation is an other_name, cyclin E - mediated inactivation is an other_name, Rb function is an other_name, E2F activity is an other_name | 43885_task0 | Sentence: HLA class I-mediated induction of cell proliferation involves cyclin E-mediated inactivation of Rb function and induction of E2F activity.
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
Options: other_name
| [
"B-other_name",
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"O",
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HLA class I - mediated induction is an other_name, cell proliferation is an other_name, cyclin E - mediated inactivation is an other_name, Rb function is an other_name, E2F activity is an other_name | 43885_task1 | Sentence: HLA class I-mediated induction of cell proliferation involves cyclin E-mediated inactivation of Rb function and induction of E2F activity.
Instructions: please typing these entity words according to sentence: HLA class I - mediated induction, cell proliferation, cyclin E - mediated inactivation, Rb function, E2F activity
Options: other_name
| [
"B-other_name",
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"I-other_name",
"I-other_name",
"I-other_name",
"O",
"B-other_name",
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"O",
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] | HLA class I-mediated induction of cell proliferation involves cyclin E-mediated inactivation of Rb function and induction of E2F activity. | [
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HLA class I - mediated induction, cell proliferation, cyclin E - mediated inactivation, Rb function, E2F activity | 43885_task2 | Sentence: HLA class I-mediated induction of cell proliferation involves cyclin E-mediated inactivation of Rb function and induction of E2F activity.
Instructions: please extract entity words from the input sentence
| [
"B-other_name",
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"O",
"O",
"O",
"B-other_name",
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] | HLA class I-mediated induction of cell proliferation involves cyclin E-mediated inactivation of Rb function and induction of E2F activity. | [
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Zytokine is an umlsterm, Interleukin-2 is an umlsterm, Interferon- is an umlsterm, Immuntherapie is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Haemodynamik is an umlsterm, IL-2 is an umlsterm, Pulmonalarterienkatheter is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, IL-2 is an umlsterm, Syndrom is an umlsterm, Fieber is an umlsterm, Tachykardie is an umlsterm, Leukozytose is an umlsterm, Haemodynamik is an umlsterm, Sepsis is an umlsterm, -Syndroms is an umlsterm, Sepsis - typischen is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Sepsis is an umlsterm, Therapie is an umlsterm, Sepsis is an umlsterm | DerAnaesthesist.60451171.ger.abstr_task0 | Sentence: Die Zytokine Interleukin-2 IL-2) und Interferon- ( ( IFN ) werden zur Immuntherapie metastasierender Malignome eingesetzt . In der vorliegenden Studie wurde bei 11 Patienten mit Nierenzellkarzinom die Haemodynamik waehrend einer fuenftaegigen , hochdosierten , kontinuierlichen IL-2 Infusion in Kombination mit der i.m. -Applikation von IFN mit einem Pulmonalarterienkatheter invasiv ueberwacht . Die Patienten entwickelten wenige Stunden nach Beginn der kontinuierlichen IL-2 Infusion ein Syndrom aus Fieber , Tachykardie , Tachypnoe und im weiteren Verlauf Leukozytose ( SIRS ) . Die Haemodynamik aehnelte den hyperdynamen Kreislaufverhaeltnissen bei SIRS und Sepsis . Hinweise auf eine Mikrozirkulationsstoerung ergaben sich aus einem Anstieg der Plasma-Laktatkonzentrationen , muliplen Organfunktionsstoerungen und einer erheblichen interstitiellen Fluessigkeitsretention aufgrund eines vascular leak " -Syndroms . " Hieraus und aus der von anderen Autoren beschriebenen Aktivierung von Sepsis-typischen Mediatoren unter IL-2-Applikation schliessen wir auf eine weitgehende Parallelitaet in der Pathogenese von hochdosierter IL-2-/IFN Therapie und SIRS bzw. Sepsis . Die IL-2-/IFN Therapie bietet sich daher als klinisches Modell der Sepsis an .
Instructions: please extract entities and their types from the input sentence, all entity types are in options
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Zytokine, Interleukin-2, Interferon-, Immuntherapie, Patienten, Haemodynamik, IL-2, Pulmonalarterienkatheter, Patienten, IL-2, Syndrom, Fieber, Tachykardie, Leukozytose, Haemodynamik, Sepsis, -Syndroms, Sepsis - typischen, Therapie, Sepsis, Therapie, Sepsis | DerAnaesthesist.60451171.ger.abstr_task2 | Sentence: Die Zytokine Interleukin-2 IL-2) und Interferon- ( ( IFN ) werden zur Immuntherapie metastasierender Malignome eingesetzt . In der vorliegenden Studie wurde bei 11 Patienten mit Nierenzellkarzinom die Haemodynamik waehrend einer fuenftaegigen , hochdosierten , kontinuierlichen IL-2 Infusion in Kombination mit der i.m. -Applikation von IFN mit einem Pulmonalarterienkatheter invasiv ueberwacht . Die Patienten entwickelten wenige Stunden nach Beginn der kontinuierlichen IL-2 Infusion ein Syndrom aus Fieber , Tachykardie , Tachypnoe und im weiteren Verlauf Leukozytose ( SIRS ) . Die Haemodynamik aehnelte den hyperdynamen Kreislaufverhaeltnissen bei SIRS und Sepsis . Hinweise auf eine Mikrozirkulationsstoerung ergaben sich aus einem Anstieg der Plasma-Laktatkonzentrationen , muliplen Organfunktionsstoerungen und einer erheblichen interstitiellen Fluessigkeitsretention aufgrund eines vascular leak " -Syndroms . " Hieraus und aus der von anderen Autoren beschriebenen Aktivierung von Sepsis-typischen Mediatoren unter IL-2-Applikation schliessen wir auf eine weitgehende Parallelitaet in der Pathogenese von hochdosierter IL-2-/IFN Therapie und SIRS bzw. Sepsis . Die IL-2-/IFN Therapie bietet sich daher als klinisches Modell der Sepsis an .
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Torsionskontrolle is an umlsterm, Unterschenkelfrakturen is an umlsterm, Torsionsabweichungen is an umlsterm, Analyse is an umlsterm, Beingeometrie is an umlsterm, Korrekturosteotomie is an umlsterm, -technik is an umlsterm, Torsionskorrekturen is an umlsterm, Marknagel is an umlsterm, Torsionsabweichungen is an umlsterm, Korrekturosteotomien is an umlsterm, Oberschenkel is an umlsterm, Korrekturosteotomien is an umlsterm, Torsionsabweichungen is an umlsterm, Oberschenkel is an umlsterm, Torsionstoleranz is an umlsterm, Patienten is an umlsterm, Mark - nagel is an umlsterm | DerUnfallchirurg.71000029.ger.abstr_task0 | Sentence: Die mangelhafte intraoperative Torsionskontrolle gilt als typisches Problem von Marknagel-osteosynthesen von Ober- und Unterschenkelfrakturen . Posttraumatische Torsionsabweichungen fuehren zu klinischen Beschwerden , wenn der rotatorische 0-Durchgang , entsprechend der Neutral-0-Methode nicht erreicht oder durchschritten werden kann . Nur auf der Grundlage einer gewissenhaften klinischen , uebersichtsradiographischen und computertomographischen Analyse der Beingeometrie koennen Indikationsstellung und Planung einer Korrekturosteotomie erfolgen . Operationstaktik und -technik von Torsionskorrekturen ueber dem liegenden Marknagel werden beschrieben . Die intraindividuellen Torsionsabweichungen vor den 15 Korrekturosteotomien am Oberschenkel betrugen 33 Grad ( -37/+50 ) und vor den 7 Korrekturosteotomien am Unterschenkel 23 Grad ( -21/ +29 ) . Negative Vorzeichen beschreiben hierbei Innentorsionsabweichungen , positive Vorzeichen Aussentorsionsabweichungen . Postoperativ lagen die intraindividuellen Torsionsabweichungen am Oberschenkel bei 6 Grad ( -3/+14 ) und am Unterschenkel bei 7 Grad ( +3/+12 ) und somit im Bereich der physiologischen Torsionstoleranz von 15 Grad . Bei 4 Patienten mit Femurverkuerzung wurde zusaetzlich eine Laengenkorrektur ueber dem liegenden Mark-nagel durchgefuehrt , davon 3 mal einzeitig durch Interposition von allogener Spongiosa und einmal durch kontinuierliche Kallusdistraktion mittels Fixateur externe .
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