Datasets:

siddharthtumre

/

Revised-JNLPBA

like 0

[ "The", "TCL1", "gene", "sequence", ",", "which", ",", "to", "our", "knowledge", ",", "shows", "no", "sequence", "homology", "with", "other", "human", "genes", ",", "is", "preferentially", "expressed", "early", "in", "T-", "and", "B-lymphocyte", "differentiation", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0, 0 ]

[ "Identification", "of", "a", "region", "which", "directs", "the", "monocytic", "activity", "of", "the", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "1", "(", "macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", ")", "receptor", "promoter", "and", "binds", "PEBP2/CBF", "(", "AML1", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "receptor", "for", "the", "macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "(", "or", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "1", "[", "CSF-1", "]", ")", "is", "expressed", "from", "different", "promoters", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "and", "placental", "trophoblasts", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "demonstrated", "that", "the", "monocyte-specific", "expression", "of", "the", "CSF-1", "receptor", "is", "regulated", "at", "the", "level", "of", "transcription", "by", "a", "tissue-specific", "promoter", "whose", "activity", "is", "stimulated", "by", "the", "monocyte/B-cell-specific", "transcription", "factor", "PU.1", "(", "D.-E.Zhang", ",", "C.J.Hetherington", ",", "H.-M.Chen", ",", "and", "D.G.Tenen", ",", "Mol.Cell.", "Biol.14", ":", "373-381", ",", "1994", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Here", "we", "report", "that", "the", "tissue", "specificity", "of", "this", "promoter", "is", "also", "mediated", "by", "sequences", "in", "a", "region", "II", "(", "bp", "-88", "to", "-", "59", ")", ",", "which", "lies", "10", "bp", "upstream", "from", "the", "PU.1-binding", "site", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "When", "analyzed", "by", "DNase", "footprinting", ",", "region", "II", "was", "protected", "preferentially", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assays", "confirmed", "that", "region", "II", "interacts", "specifically", "with", "nuclear", "proteins", "from", "monocytic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Two", "gel", "shift", "complexes", "(", "Mono", "A", "and", "Mono", "B", ")", "were", "formed", "with", "separate", "sequence", "elements", "within", "this", "region", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Competition", "and", "supershift", "experiments", "indicate", "that", "Mono", "B", "contains", "a", "member", "of", "the", "polyomavirus", "enhancer-binding", "protein", "2/core-binding", "factor", "(", "PEBP2/CBF", ")", "family", ",", "which", "includes", "the", "AML1", "gene", "product", ",", "while", "Mono", "A", "is", "a", "distinct", "complex", "preferentially", "expressed", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Promoter", "constructs", "with", "mutations", "in", "these", "sequence", "elements", "were", "no", "longer", "expressed", "specifically", "in", "monocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0 ]

[ "Furthermore", ",", "multimerized", "region", "II", "sequence", "elements", "enhanced", "the", "activity", "of", "a", "heterologous", "thymidine", "kinase", "promoter", "in", "monocytic", "cells", "but", "not", "other", "cell", "types", "tested", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "These", "results", "indicate", "that", "the", "monocyte/B-cell-specific", "transcription", "factor", "PU.1", "and", "the", "Mono", "A", "and", "Mono", "B", "protein", "complexes", "act", "in", "concert", "to", "regulate", "monocyte-specific", "transcription", "of", "the", "CSF-1", "receptor", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "Pyrrolidine", "dithiocarbamate", ",", "a", "potent", "inhibitor", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF-kappa", "B", ")", "activation", ",", "prevents", "apoptosis", "in", "human", "promyelocytic", "leukemia", "HL-60", "cells", "and", "thymocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0, 7, 0 ]

[ "We", "examined", "the", "effect", "of", "pyrrolidine", "dithiocarbamate", "(", "PDTC", ")", ",", "which", "potently", "blocks", "the", "activation", "of", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF-kappa", "B", ")", ",", "on", "the", "induction", "of", "apoptosis", "by", "a", "variety", "of", "agents", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Treatment", "of", "a", "human", "promyelocytic", "leukemia", "cell", "line", ",", "HL-60", ",", "with", "10", "micrograms/mL", "etoposide", "or", "2", "microM", "1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine", "induced", "NF-kappa", "B", "activation", "within", "1", "hr", "and", "subsequently", "caused", "apoptosis", "within", "3-4", "hr", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "simultaneous", "addition", "of", "50-500", "microM", "PDTC", "with", "these", "agents", "blocked", "NF-kappa", "B", "activation", "and", "completely", "abrogated", "both", "morphologically", "apoptotic", "changes", "and", "internucleosomal", "DNA", "fragmentation", "for", "up", "to", "6", "hr", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "However", ",", "PDTC", "failed", "to", "inhibit", "the", "endonuclease", "activity", "contained", "in", "the", "whole", "cell", "lysates", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "inhibitory", "effect", "of", "PDTC", "was", "also", "observed", "in", "etoposide", "-and", "dexamethasone-induced", "apoptosis", "in", "human", "thymocytes", "at", "a", "concentration", "of", "1-10", "microM", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Since", "PDTC", "has", "both", "antioxidant", "and", "metal-ion", "chelating", "activities", ",", "we", "tested", "the", "effects", "of", "N-acetyl-L-cysteine", "(", "NAC", ")", "(", "antioxidant", ")", "or", "o-phenanthroline", "(", "OP", ")", "(", "metal-ion", "chelator", ")", "on", "the", "induction", "of", "apoptosis", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Pretreatment", "of", "HL-60", "cells", "or", "thymocytes", "with", "100-500", "microM", "OP", "for", "2", "hr", ",", "but", "not", "10-60", "mM", "NAC", ",", "suppressed", "subsequent", "occurrence", "of", "apoptosis", "induced", "by", "etoposide", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "These", "results", "suggest", "that", "the", "activation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "plays", "an", "important", "role", "in", "the", "apoptotic", "process", "of", "human", "hematopoietic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0 ]

[ "Overexpression", "of", "protein", "kinase", "C-zeta", "stimulates", "leukemic", "cell", "differentiation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "function", "for", "protein", "kinase", "C-zeta", "(", "PKC-zeta", ")", ",", "a", "member", "of", "the", "phorbol", "ester", "nonresponsive", "atypical", "protein", "kinase", "C", "subfamily", ",", "in", "modulating", "differentiation", "was", "examined", "in", "the", "leukemic", "U937", "cell", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0 ]

[ "Transfected", "U937", "cells", "stably", "overexpressing", "PKC-zeta", "displayed", "a", "longer", "doubling", "time", ",", "lower", "saturation", "density", "at", "confluency", ",", "and", "an", "increase", "in", "adherence", "to", "plastic", "as", "compared", "to", "control", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "PKC-zeta", "cells", "expressed", "a", "more", "differentiated", "phenotype", "as", "assessed", "by", "changes", "in", "morphology", ",", "surface", "antigen", "expression", ",", "and", "lysosomal", "enzyme", "activities", "and", "were", "distinct", "from", "parental", "U937", "cells", "stimulated", "to", "differentiate", "by", "exposure", "to", "phorbol", "esters", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "contrast", "to", "parental", "U937", "cells", ",", "PKC-zeta", "cells", "constitutively", "expressed", "mRNA", "transcripts", "for", "c-jun", "and", "a", "low", "mobility", "AP-1", "binding", "activity", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Thus", ",", "PKC-zeta", "overexpression", "stimulates", "a", "type", "of", "phenotypic", "differentiation", "that", "differs", "significantly", "from", "maturation", "occurring", "upon", "activation", "of", "other", "PKC", "subfamilies", "induced", "by", "phorbol", "ester", "treatment", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Increased", "expression", "of", "the", "c-jun", "protooncogene", "and", "an", "increase", "in", "AP-1", "binding", "activity", "in", "PKC-zeta", "cells", "provides", "a", "potential", "mechanism", "for", "explaining", "the", "altered", "differentiation", "status", "of", "this", "cell", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "family", "of", "serine", "proteases", "expressed", "exclusively", "in", "myelo-", "monocytic", "cells", "specifically", "processes", "the", "nuclear", "factor-kappa", "B", "subunit", "p65", "in", "vitro", "and", "may", "impair", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "replication", "in", "these", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Two", "groups", "of", "U937", "promonocytic", "cells", "were", "obtained", "by", "limiting", "dilution", "cloning", "which", "differed", "strikingly", "in", "their", "ability", "to", "support", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "1", "(", "HIV-1", ")", "replication", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "``", "Plus", "''", "clones", "replicated", "the", "virus", "efficiently", ",", "whereas", "``", "minus", "''", "clones", "did", "not", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "examined", "these", "clones", "for", "differences", "in", "nuclear", "factor", "(", "NF", ")", "-kappa", "B", "activity", "which", "might", "account", "for", "the", "observed", "phenomenon", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Stimulation", "of", "plus", "clones", "liberated", "the", "classical", "p50-p65", "complex", "from", "cytoplasmic", "pools", ",", "whereas", "minus", "clones", "produced", "an", "apparently", "novel", ",", "faster-migrating", "complex", ",", "as", "judged", "by", "electrophoretic", "mobility", "shift", "assays", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "It", "is", "surprising", "that", "the", "faster-migrating", "complex", "was", "composed", "also", "of", "p50", "and", "p65", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "However", ",", "the", "p65", "subunit", "was", "COOH-terminally", "truncated", ",", "as", "shown", "by", "immunoprecipitation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "truncation", "resulted", "from", "limited", "proteolysis", "of", "p65", "during", "cellular", "extraction", "which", "released", "particular", "lysosomal", "serine", "proteases", ",", "such", "as", "elastase", ",", "cathepsin", "G", ",", "and", "proteinase", "3", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "These", "specific", "proteases", "are", "coordinately", "expressed", "and", "were", "present", "exclusively", "in", "the", "minus", "U937", "clones", ",", "but", "not", "in", "the", "plus", "clones", ",", "as", "demonstrated", "in", "the", "case", "of", "cathepsin", "G", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "In", "addition", ",", "these", "proteases", "were", "detected", "in", "certain", "subclones", "of", "THP-1", "and", "HL-60", "cells", "and", "in", "primary", "monocytes", ",", "in", "each", "case", "correlating", "with", "the", "truncated", "from", "of", "p65", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "We", "demonstrate", "in", "vitro", "cleavage", "of", "p65", "by", "purified", "elastase", "and", "cathepsin", "G", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "It", "is", "possible", "that", "particular", "serine", "proteases", "may", "have", "inhibiting", "effects", "on", "the", "replication", "of", "HIV-1", "in", "myelo-monocytic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "The", "data", "also", "demonstrate", "that", "special", "precautions", "must", "be", "taken", "when", "making", "extracts", "from", "myelo-monocytic", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "A", "germline", "TaqI", "restriction", "fragment", "length", "polymorphism", "in", "the", "progesterone", "receptor", "gene", "in", "ovarian", "carcinoma", "[", "see", "comments", "]" ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Clinical", "outcome", "in", "ovarian", "carcinoma", "is", "predicted", "by", "progesterone", "receptor", "status", ",", "indicating", "an", "endocrine", "aspect", "to", "this", "disease", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Peripheral", "leucocyte", "genomic", "DNAs", "were", "obtained", "from", "41", "patients", "with", "primary", "ovarian", "carcinoma", "and", "83", "controls", "from", "Ireland", ",", "as", "well", "as", "from", "26", "primary", "ovarian", "carcinoma", "patients", "and", "101", "controls", "in", "Germany", "." ]

[ 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Southern", "analysis", "using", "a", "human", "progesterone", "receptor", "(", "hPR", ")", "cDNA", "probe", "identified", "a", "germline", "TaqI", "restriction", "fragment", "length", "polymorphism", "(", "RFLP", ")", "defined", "by", "two", "alleles", ":", "T1", ",", "represented", "by", "a", "2.7", "kb", "fragment", ";", "and", "T2", ",", "represented", "by", "a", "1.9", "kb", "fragment", "and", "characterised", "by", "an", "additional", "TaqI", "restriction", "site", "with", "respect", "to", "T1", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "An", "over-representation", "of", "T2", "in", "ovarian", "cancer", "patients", "compared", "with", "controls", "in", "the", "pooled", "Irish/German", "population", "(", "P", "<", "0.025", ")", "was", "observed", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "difference", "(", "P", "<", "0.02", ")", "in", "the", "distribution", "of", "the", "RFLP", "genotypes", "between", "Irish", "and", "German", "control", "populations", "was", "also", "observed", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "allele", "distributions", "could", "not", "be", "shown", "to", "differ", "significantly", "from", "Hardy-Weinberg", "distribution", "in", "any", "subgroup", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Using", "hPR", "cDNA", "region-specific", "probes", ",", "the", "extra", "TaqI", "restriction", "site", "was", "mapped", "to", "intron", "G", "of", "the", "hPR", "gene", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "OBF-1", ",", "a", "novel", "B", "cell-specific", "coactivator", "that", "stimulates", "immunoglobulin", "promoter", "activity", "through", "association", "with", "octamer-binding", "proteins", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "Recent", "biochemical", "and", "genetic", "studies", "indicate", "that", "in", "addition", "to", "the", "octamer-binding", "proteins", "Oct-1", "and", "Oct-2", ",", "other", "B", "cell", "components", "are", "required", "for", "lymphoid-restricted", ",", "octamer", "site-mediated", "immunoglobulin", "gene", "promoter", "activity", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0 ]

[ "Using", "a", "genetic", "screen", "in", "yeast", ",", "we", "have", "isolated", "B", "cell-derived", "cDNAs", "encoding", "Oct-binding", "factor", "1", "(", "OBF-1", ")", ",", "a", "novel", "protein", "that", "specifically", "associates", "with", "Oct-1", "and", "Oct-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "Biochemical", "studies", "demonstrate", "that", "OBF-1", "has", "no", "intrinsic", "DNA-binding", "activity", "and", "recognizes", "the", "POU", "domains", "of", "Oct-1", "and", "Oct-2", ",", "but", "not", "those", "of", "Oct-4", "and", "Oct-6", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "The", "OBF-1", "mRNA", "is", "expressed", "in", "a", "highly", "cell-specific", "manner", ",", "being", "most", "abundant", "in", "B", "cells", "and", "essentially", "absent", "in", "most", "of", "the", "other", "cells", "or", "tissues", "tested", "." ]

[ 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Furthermore", ",", "expression", "of", "OBF-1", "in", "HeLa", "cells", "selectively", "stimulates", "the", "activity", "of", "a", "natural", "immunoglobulin", "promoter", "in", "an", "octamer", "site", "-dependent", "manner", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Thus", ",", "OBF-1", "has", "all", "the", "properties", "expected", "for", "a", "B", "cell-specific", "transcriptional", "coactivator", "protein", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Modulation", "of", "transcription", "factor", "NF", "kappa", "B", "activity", "by", "intracellular", "glutathione", "levels", "and", "by", "variations", "of", "the", "extracellular", "cysteine", "supply", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "HIV-infected", "individuals", "and", "SIV-infected", "rhesus", "macaques", "have", ",", "on", "the", "average", ",", "decreased", "plasma", "cysteine", "and", "cystine", "concentrations", "and", "decreased", "intracellular", "glutathione", "levels", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "now", "show", "that", "a", "depletion", "of", "intracellular", "glutathione", "in", "a", "human", "T", "cell", "line", "(", "Molt-4", ")", "inhibits", "the", "activation", "and", "nuclear", "translocation", "of", "the", "transcription", "factor", "NF", "kappa", "B", ",", "whereas", "incubation", "with", "increasing", "extracellular", "concentrations", "of", "cysteine", "inhibits", "the", "DNA-binding", "and", "transactivating", "activity", "of", "NF", "kappa", "B", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Because", "inhibition", "of", "DNA-binding", "activity", "is", "associated", "with", "increasing", "intracellular", "glutathione", "disulfide", "levels", "and", "GSSG", "can", "be", "shown", "to", "inhibit", "the", "DNA-binding", "activity", "directly", "in", "cell-free", "systems", ",", "our", "studies", "suggest", "that", "GSSG", "is", "a", "physiologically", "relevant", "inhibitor", "in", "intact", "cells", "also", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "NF", "kappa", "B", "controls", "many", "immunologically", "important", "genes", ",", "so", "our", "studies", "suggest", "that", "the", "immune", "system", "may", "be", "sensitive", "not", "only", "against", "a", "cysteine", "and", "glutathione", "deficiency", "but", "also", "against", "an", "excess", "of", "cysteine", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Two", "distinct", "signalling", "pathways", "are", "involved", "in", "the", "control", "of", "the", "biphasic", "junB", "transcription", "induced", "by", "interleukin-6", "in", "the", "B", "cell", "hybridoma", "7TD1", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "measured", "the", "level", "of", "junB", "mRNA", "in", "the", "B", "hybridoma", "cell", "line", "7TD1", ",", "under", "interleukin-6", "(", "IL-6", ")", "stimulation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "IL-6", "increases", "junB", "mRNA", "in", "a", "biphasic", "fashion", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "first", "early-induced", "peak", "was", "transient", "and", "likely", "corresponds", "to", "the", "well", "documented", "typical", "junB", "mRNA", ",", "stimulated", "in", "response", "to", "numerous", "growth", "factors", ",", "including", "IL-6", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "At", "variance", ",", "the", "second", "peak", "which", "has", "never", "been", "reported", "previously", ",", "lasted", "several", "hours", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "As", "a", "consequence", "of", "its", "effect", "on", "junB", "mRNA", ",", "IL-6", "stimulated", ",", "in", "a", "biphasic", "fashion", ",", "the", "nuclear", "accumulation", "of", "the", "JunB", "protein", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "In", "this", "study", ",", "we", "demonstrated", "that", "IL-6", "regulation", "occurred", "exclusively", "at", "the", "transcriptional", "level", "and", "that", "the", "bimodal", "increase", "of", "junB", "mRNA", "and", "JunB", "protein", "can", "be", "accounted", "for", "by", "a", "biphasic", "stimulation", "of", "junB", "transcription", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "Furthermore", ",", "our", "data", "point", "to", "two", "major", "differences", "between", "the", "mechanism", "of", "control", "of", "the", "early", "and", "the", "late", "IL-6", "-induced", "junB", "transcription", "waves", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "First", ",", "cycloheximide", "strongly", "potentiated", "the", "transcription", "of", "the", "second", "wave", ",", "whereas", "it", "failed", "to", "affect", "the", "early-induced", "burst", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Second", ",", "tyrphostin", ",", "a", "tyrosine", "kinase", "inhibitor", ",", "impaired", "the", "expression", "of", "the", "first", "but", "not", "the", "second", "junB", "mRNA", "peak", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0 ]

[ "Conversely", ",", "genistein", ",", "another", "tyrosine", "kinase", "inhibitor", ",", "totally", "abolished", "the", "expression", "of", "the", "second", "peak", "of", "junB", "mRNA", "whereas", "it", "did", "not", "affect", "the", "expression", "of", "the", "first", "peak", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Altogether", "these", "data", "indicate", "that", ",", "in", "7TD1", "cells", ",", "IL-6", "controls", "junB", "transcription", "in", "a", "biphasic", "fashion", "by", "means", "of", "two", "separate", "transduction", "pathways", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 9, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "newly", "established", "megakaryoblastic/erythroid", "cell", "line", "that", "differentiates", "to", "red", "cells", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "erythropoietin", "and", "produces", "platelet-like", "particles", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "August", ",", "1992", ",", "we", "established", "a", "leukemic", "cell", "line", "(", "NS-Meg", ")", "from", "a", "patient", "in", "megakaryoblastic", "transformation", "of", "Philadelphia", "chromosome-positive", "chronic", "myeloid", "leukemia", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "NS-Meg", "cells", "were", "positive", "for", "alpha-naphthyl", "acetate", "esterase", "and", "periodic", "acid-Schiff", "(", "PAS", ")", "staining", "and", "for", "surface", "CD4", ",", "CD7", ",", "CD13", ",", "CD34", ",", "CD41a", ",", "and", "glycophorin", "A", "antigens", "." ]

[ 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Ultrastructurally", ",", "the", "cells", "had", "alpha-granules", ",", "demarcation", "membranes", ",", "and", "platelet", "peroxidase", "activity", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "NS-Meg", "cells", "spontaneously", "produced", "platelet-like", "particles", "which", "contained", "alpha-granules", ",", "mitochondria", "and", "dense", "bodies", ",", "strongly", "suggesting", "platelet", "production", "." ]

[ 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0 ]

[ "Erythropoietin", "(", "Epo", ")", ",", "granulocyte/macrophage", "colony", "stimulating", "factor", "(", "GM-CSF", ")", ",", "and", "interleukin", "3", "(", "IL-3", ")", "promoted", "the", "growth", "of", "NS-Meg", "cells", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate", "increased", "the", "expression", "of", "both", "CD41a", "and", "CD61", "antigens", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "Ten-day", "exposure", "to", "Epo", "induced", "mature", "erythroblasts", "and", "red", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 7, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "These", "benzidine-positive", "cells", "were", "positive", "for", "hemoglobin", "F", "staining", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Untreated", "NS-Meg", "cells", "expressed", "mRNA", "for", "the", "Epo", "receptor", "(", "EpoR", ")", ",", "for", "GATA-1", ",", "and", "for", "alpha", "1", ",", "alpha", "2", "and", "gamma", "globin", "genes", "." ]

[ 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "These", "results", "indicate", "that", "NS-Meg", "cells", "undergo", "terminal", "differentiation", "of", "both", "megakaryocytic", "and", "erythroid", "lineages", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "This", "cell", "line", "should", "be", "a", "very", "useful", "tool", "for", "the", "investigation", "of", "both", "megakaryocytic", "and", "erythroid", "maturation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0 ]

[ "Differential", "regulation", "of", "proto-oncogenes", "c-jun", "and", "c-fos", "in", "T", "lymphocytes", "activated", "through", "CD28", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "The", "T", "cell", "surface", "molecule", "CD28", "binds", "to", "ligands", "on", "accessory", "cells", "and", "APCs", ",", "playing", "an", "important", "costimulatory", "role", "in", "the", "response", "of", "T", "cells", "to", "Ags", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Our", "knowledge", "of", "the", "intracellular", "signaling", "pathways", "coupled", "to", "this", "receptor", "is", "incomplete", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "addition", "to", "activation", "of", "phospholipase", "C", "gamma", "1", ",", "ligation", "of", "this", "receptor", "also", "seems", "to", "activate", "a", "calcium-independent", ",", "CD28", "-specific", "pathway", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "report", "that", "cross-linking", "of", "CD28", "(", "but", "not", "CD2", ",", "CD5", ",", "LFA-1", ",", "or", "CD7", ")", "leads", "to", "an", "elevation", "of", "c-jun", "mRNA", ",", "with", "only", "minimal", "activation", "of", "c-fos", "expression", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ]

[ "CD28", "-dependent", "induction", "of", "c-jun", "expression", "requires", "protein", "tyrosine", "kinase", "activity", ",", "but", "does", "not", "depend", "on", "activation", "of", "a", "phorbol", "ester-responsive", "protein", "kinase", "C", "or", "elevation", "of", "cytosolic", "calcium", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Furthermore", ",", "CD28", "-dependent", "elevation", "of", "c-jun", "mRNA", "does", "not", "appear", "to", "be", "mediated", "at", "the", "level", "of", "mRNA", "stability", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "mechanism", "is", "suggested", "whereby", "expression", "of", "c-jun", "and", "junB", ",", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "members", "of", "the", "fos", "family", ",", "can", "prevent", "inappropriate", "activation", "of", "T", "cells", "caused", "by", "ligation", "of", "CD28", "in", "the", "absence", "of", "a", "specific", "antigenic", "stimulus", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Enhanced", "responsiveness", "to", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "contributes", "to", "the", "unique", "phenotype", "of", "simian", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "variant", "SIVsmmPBj14", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Infection", "with", "a", "variant", "of", "simian", "immunodeficiency", "virus", ",", "SIVsmmPBj14", ",", "leads", "to", "severe", "acute", "disease", "in", "macaques", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "This", "study", "was", "designed", "to", "investigate", "the", "functional", "significance", "of", "previously", "described", "mutations", "in", "the", "viral", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR", ")", "and", "to", "elucidate", "their", "contribution", "to", "the", "unique", "phenotype", "of", "SIVsmmPBj14", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "LTR", "-directed", "transcription", "was", "measured", "by", "using", "luciferase", "reporter", "constructs", "that", "were", "transiently", "transfected", "into", "cultured", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "a", "wide", "range", "of", "cell", "types", ",", "the", "basal", "transcriptional", "activity", "of", "the", "LTR", "from", "SIVsmmPBj14", "was", "found", "to", "be", "2-", "to", "4.5-fold", "higher", "than", "that", "of", "an", "LTR", "from", "a", "non-acutely", "pathogenic", "strain", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "These", "LTRs", "differ", "by", "five", "point", "mutations", "and", "a", "22-bp", "duplication", "in", "SIVsmmPBj14", ",", "which", "includes", "a", "nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF", "kappa", "B", ")", "site", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "Transcriptional", "differences", "between", "these", "LTRs", "were", "further", "enhanced", "by", "two-", "to", "threefold", "upon", "treatment", "of", "cells", "with", "phorbol", "ester", "or", "tumor", "necrosis", "factor", "alpha", "or", "by", "cotransfection", "with", "plasmids", "expressing", "NF", "kappa", "B", "subunits", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0 ]