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18301
[ "Viral", "gene", "expression", "may", "be", "reactivated", "by", "stimulation", "of", "the", "cells", "with", "LPS", "or", "cytokines", "such", "as", "TNF-alpha", "in", "vitro", "." ]
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18302
[ "The", "effect", "of", "LPS", "and", "TNF-alpha", "is", "mediated", "by", "their", "ability", "to", "induce", "nuclear", "translocation", "of", "the", "DNA-binding", "heterodimer", "NF-kappa", "B", "(", "p50/p65", ")", ",", "which", "binds", "to", "a", "specific", "sequence", "in", "the", "HIV-long", "terminal", "repeat", "." ]
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18303
[ "The", "present", "study", "demonstrates", "that", "triggering", "of", "complement", "receptors", "CR1", "(", "CD35", ")", "and", "CR3", "(", "CD11b/CD18", ")", "enhances", "viral", "replication", "in", "HIV-infected", "human", "monocytic", "cells", "." ]
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18304
[ "Monocytic", "cell", "lines", "and", "normal", "peripheral", "blood", "monocytes", "were", "infected", "with", "HIV-1", "in", "vitro", "and", "cultured", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "absence", "of", "F", "(", "ab", "'", ")", "2", "fragments", "of", "monoclonal", "anti-CR1", "or", "anti-CR3", "Abs", "or", "with", "C3", "fragments", "." ]
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18305
[ "Stimulation", "of", "CR1", "or", "CR3", "induces", "a", "two-", "to", "fourfold", "increase", "in", "the", "amount", "of", "cell-associated", "and", "released", "p24", "Ag", "in", "cell", "cultures", "that", "was", "equivalent", "to", "that", "observed", "in", "control", "cultures", "triggered", "with", "LPS", "." ]
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18306
[ "We", "further", "observed", "that", "stimulation", "of", "CR1", "or", "CR3", "induces", "the", "nuclear", "translocation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "p50/p65", "in", "infected", "cells", "." ]
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18307
[ "Translocation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "p50/p65", "was", "also", "observed", "following", "stimulation", "of", "CR1", "or", "CR3", "of", "uninfected", "peripheral", "blood", "monocytes", "from", "HIV-seronegative", "donors", "." ]
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18308
[ "The", "amount", "of", "protein", "translocated", "was", "similar", "to", "that", "observed", "when", "cells", "were", "stimulated", "with", "rhTNF-alpha", "." ]
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18309
[ "TNF-alpha", "did", "not", "mediate", "the", "translocation", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "p50/p65", "induced", "by", "triggering", "of", "complement", "receptors", "." ]
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18310
[ "Taken", "together", ",", "these", "observations", "suggest", "that", "HIV", "gene", "expression", "may", "be", "activated", "in", "infected", "monocytes", "through", "interaction", "of", "the", "cells", "with", "complement-opsonized", "particles", "and", "that", "enhanced", "viral", "replication", "is", "associated", "with", "C3", "receptor", "-mediated", "nuclear", "translocation", "of", "the", "NF-kappa", "B", "complex", "." ]
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18311
[ "Attenuation", "of", "gamma", "interferon", "-induced", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "in", "mononuclear", "phagocytes", "infected", "with", "Leishmania", "donovani", ":", "selective", "inhibition", "of", "signaling", "through", "Janus", "kinases", "and", "Stat1", "." ]
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18312
[ "The", "induction", "of", "gene", "transcription", "in", "response", "to", "gamma", "interferon", "is", "impaired", "in", "mononuclear", "phagocytes", "infected", "with", "Leishmania", "donovani", ",", "and", "the", "mechanisms", "involved", "are", "not", "fully", "understood", "." ]
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18313
[ "The", "changes", "in", "gene", "expression", "brought", "about", "by", "gamma", "interferon", "are", "thought", "to", "involve", "transient", "increases", "in", "the", "activities", "of", "cellular", "protein", "tyrosine", "kinases", ",", "including", "the", "Janus", "kinases", "Jak1", "and", "Jak2", ",", "leading", "to", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "transcription", "factor", "Stat1", "." ]
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18314
[ "To", "investigate", "the", "mechanisms", "accounting", "for", "the", "impaired", "responses", "to", "gamma", "interferon", ",", "a", "model", "system", "for", "examining", "overall", "changes", "in", "protein", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", ",", "activation", "of", "Jak1", "and", "Jak2", "and", "phosphorylation", "of", "Stat1", "was", "developed", "in", "phorbol", "12-myristate", "13-acetate-differentiated", "U-937", "cells", "." ]
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18315
[ "Analysis", "of", "whole-cell", "lysates", "by", "antiphosphotyrosine", "immunoblotting", "showed", "that", "incubation", "with", "gamma", "interferon", "brought", "about", "specific", "increases", "in", "phosphotyrosine", "labeling", "of", "several", "proteins", "." ]
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18316
[ "Increased", "labeling", "of", "these", "proteins", "occurred", "to", "similar", "extents", "in", "control", "cells", "and", "in", "cells", "that", "had", "been", "infected", "with", "L.", "donovani", "for", "16", "h", "." ]
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18317
[ "Jak1", ",", "Jak2", ",", "and", "Stat1", "were", "immunoprecipitated", "from", "control", "and", "interferon-treated", "cells", ",", "and", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "these", "proteins", ",", "detected", "by", "antiphosphotyrosine", "immunoblotting", "was", "used", "to", "measured", "their", "activation", "." ]
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18318
[ "Tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "Jak1", ",", "Jak2", ",", "and", "Stat1", "increased", "markedly", ",", "in", "a", "dose-dependent", "manner", ",", "in", "U-937", "cells", "incubated", "with", "gamma", "interferon", "." ]
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18319
[ "In", "contrast", ",", "in", "cells", "infected", "with", "L.", "donovani", ",", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "of", "Jak1", ",", "Jak2", ",", "and", "Stat1", "was", "markedly", "impaired", "." ]
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18320
[ "This", "effect", "was", "dependent", "upon", "the", "duration", "of", "exposure", "to", "L.", "donovani", "and", "was", "maximal", "and", "complete", "at", "16", "h", "." ]
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18321
[ "Results", "similar", "to", "those", "observed", "with", "U-937", "cells", "were", "also", "obtained", "with", "human", "peripheral", "blood", "monocytes", "." ]
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18322
[ "These", "findings", "indicate", "that", "infection", "of", "human", "mononuclear", "phagocytes", "with", "L.", "donovani", "leads", "to", "impaired", "gamma", "interferon", "-mediated", "tyrosine", "phosphorylation", "and", "selective", "effects", "on", "the", "Jak-", "Stat1", "pathway", "." ]
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18323
[ "Unresponsiveness", "to", "gamma", "interferon", "for", "activation", "of", "this", "pathway", "may", "explain", "impaired", "transcriptional", "responses", "in", "leishmania-infected", "cells", "." ]
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18324
[ "Mutually", "exclusive", "interaction", "of", "a", "novel", "matrix", "attachment", "region", "binding", "protein", "and", "the", "NF-muNR", "enhancer", "repressor", "." ]
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18325
[ "Implications", "for", "regulation", "of", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "expression", "." ]
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18326
[ "The", "immunoglobulin", "heavy", "chain", "(", "IgH", ")", "intronic", "enhancer", "stimulates", "transcription", "from", "functional", "promoters", "in", "B", "lymphocytes", "but", "not", "other", "cell", "types", "." ]
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18327
[ "The", "observation", "that", "binding", "sites", "for", "the", "nuclear", "factor-mu", "negative", "regulator", "(", "NF-muNR", ")", "enhancer", "repressor", "overlap", "nuclear", "matrix", "attachment", "regions", "(", "MARs", ")", "in", "this", "enhancer", "has", "lead", "to", "the", "hypothesis", "that", "the", "cell", "type", "specificity", "of", "the", "enhancer", "might", "be", "controlled", "by", "regulating", "nuclear", "matrix", "attachment", "(", "Scheuermann", ",", "R.", "H.", ",", "and", "Chen", ",", "U.", "(", "1989", ")", "Genes", "&", "Dev.", "3", ",", "1255-1266", ")", "." ]
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18328
[ "To", "understand", "the", "role", "of", "MARs", "in", "IgH", "enhancer", "regulation", ",", "we", "have", "identified", "a", "novel", "MAR-binding", "protein", ",", "MAR-BP1", ",", "from", "soluble", "nuclear", "matrix", "preparations", "based", "on", "its", "ability", "to", "bind", "to", "the", "MARs", "associated", "with", "the", "IgH", "enhancer", "." ]
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18329
[ "Purified", "MAR-BP1", "migrates", "as", "a", "33-kDa", "protein", ",", "and", "it", "can", "be", "found", "in", "nuclear", "matrix", "preparations", "from", "a", "number", "of", "different", "types", "of", "lymphoid", "cell", "lines", "." ]
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18330
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18331
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18332
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18333
[ "PU.1", "(", "Spi-1", ")", "and", "C/EBP", "alpha", "regulate", "expression", "of", "the", "granulocyte-macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "receptor", "alpha", "gene", "." ]
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18334
[ "Growth", "factor", "receptors", "play", "an", "important", "role", "in", "hematopoiesis", "." ]
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18335
[ "In", "order", "to", "further", "understand", "the", "mechanisms", "directing", "the", "expression", "of", "these", "key", "regulators", "of", "hematopoiesis", ",", "we", "initiated", "a", "study", "investigating", "the", "transcription", "factors", "activating", "the", "expression", "of", "the", "granulocyte-macrophage", "colony-stimulating", "factor", "(", "GM-CSF", ")", "receptor", "alpha", "gene", "." ]
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18336
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18337
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18338
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18339
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18340
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18341
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18342
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18343
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18344
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18345
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18346
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18347
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18348
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18349
[ "(", "ABSTRACT", "TRUNCATED", "AT", "400", "WORDS", ")" ]
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18350
[ "HMG-I", "binds", "to", "GATA", "motifs", ":", "implications", "for", "an", "HPFH", "syndrome", "." ]
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18351
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