Datasets:

siddharthtumre

/

Revised-JNLPBA

like 0

[ "Two", "groups", "of", "HMG", "box", "proteins", "are", "distinguished", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Proteins", "in", "the", "first", "group", "contain", "multiple", "HMG", "boxes", ",", "are", "non-sequence-specific", ",", "and", "recognize", "structural", "features", "as", "found", "in", "cruciform", "DNA", "and", "cross-over", "DNA", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "abundant", "chromosomal", "protein", "HMG-1", "belongs", "to", "this", "subgroup", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Proteins", "in", "the", "second", "group", "carry", "a", "single", "HMG", "box", "with", "affinity", "for", "the", "minor", "groove", "of", "the", "heptamer", "motif", "AACAAAG", "or", "variations", "thereof", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "A", "solution", "structure", "for", "the", "non-sequence-specific", "C-terminal", "HMG", "box", "of", "HMG-1", "has", "recently", "been", "proposed", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Now", ",", "we", "report", "the", "solution", "structure", "of", "the", "sequence-specific", "HMG-box", "of", "the", "SRY-related", "protein", "Sox-4", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "NMR", "analysis", "demonstrated", "the", "presence", "of", "three", "alpha-helices", "(", "Val10-Gln22", ",", "Glu30-Leu41", "and", "Phe50-Tyr65", ")", "connected", "by", "loop", "regions", "(", "Ser23-Ala49", "and", "Leu42-Pro49", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Helices", "I", "and", "II", "are", "positioned", "in", "an", "antiparallel", "mode", "and", "form", "one", "arm", "of", "the", "HMG", "box", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "Helix", "III", "is", "less", "rigid", ",", "makes", "an", "average", "angle", "of", "about", "90", "degrees", "with", "helices", "I", "and", "II", ",", "and", "constitutes", "the", "other", "arm", "of", "the", "molecule", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "As", "in", "HMG1B", ",", "the", "overall", "structure", "of", "the", "Sox-4", "HMG", "box", "is", "L-shaped", "and", "is", "maintained", "by", "a", "cluster", "of", "conserved", ",", "mainly", "aromatic", "residues", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Nuclear", "factor-IL6", "activates", "the", "human", "IL-4", "promoter", "in", "T", "cells", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Positive", "regulatory", "element", "I", "(", "PRE-I", ")", "is", "a", "strong", "enhancer", "element", "essential", "for", "expression", "of", "the", "human", "IL-4", "gene", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0 ]

[ "To", "identify", "transcription", "factors", "binding", "to", "PRE-I", ",", "we", "screened", "a", "cDNA", "expression", "library", "from", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "and", "isolated", "a", "cDNA", "encoding", "nuclear", "factor", "(", "NF", ")", "-IL6", "(", "also", "known", "as", "C/EBP", "beta", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0 ]

[ "NF-IL6", "mRNA", "was", "found", "in", "human", "Jurkat", "T", "cells", "and", "in", "the", "mouse", "Th2", "clone", "D10", ",", "but", "not", "in", "Th1", "clone", "29", "." ]

[ 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 0 ]

[ "rNF-IL6", "expressed", "in", "bacteria", "was", "shown", "to", "specifically", "bind", "to", "PRE-I", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "PRE-I", "forms", "multiple", "DNA-protein", "complexes", "with", "nuclear", "extracts", "from", "Jurkat", "cells", "." ]

[ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "Some", "of", "these", "complexes", "were", "demonstrated", "to", "contain", "NF-IL6", "by", "using", "anti-C/EBP", "beta", "Abs", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Overexpression", "of", "NF-IL6", "enhanced", "expression", "of", "the", "chloramphenicol", "acetyl", "transferase", "reporter", "gene", "linked", "to", "the", "PRE-I-thymidine", "kinase", "or", "the", "human", "IL-4", "promoter", "more", "than", "10-fold", "in", "Jurkat", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "Promoter", "deletion", "studies", "revealed", "two", "additional", "NF-IL6", "binding", "sites", "located", "at", "positions", "-44", "to", "-36", "(", "C/EBP", "proximal", ")", "and", "-87", "to", "-79", "(", "C/EBP", "medial", ")", ",", "respectively", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Our", "results", "demonstrate", "that", "NF-IL6", "is", "involved", "in", "transcriptional", "activation", "of", "the", "human", "IL-4", "promoter", "in", "T", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Identification", "of", "an", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha-associated", "protein", "kinase", "in", "a", "human", "monocytic", "cell", "line", "and", "determination", "of", "its", "phosphorylation", "sites", "on", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Nuclear", "factor", "kappa", "B", "(", "NF-kappa", "B", ")", "is", "stored", "in", "the", "cytoplasm", "as", "an", "inactive", "form", "through", "interaction", "with", "I", "kappa", "B", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Stimulation", "of", "cells", "leads", "to", "a", "rapid", "phosphorylation", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", ",", "which", "is", "presumed", "to", "be", "important", "for", "the", "subsequent", "degradation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "recently", "reported", "the", "establishment", "of", "a", "lipopolysaccharide", "(", "LPS", ")", "-dependent", "cell-free", "activation", "system", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "in", "association", "with", "the", "induction", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "phosphorylation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "this", "study", ",", "we", "have", "identified", "a", "kinase", "in", "cell", "extracts", "from", "the", "LPS-stimulated", "human", "monocytic", "cell", "line", ",", "THP-1", ",", "that", "specifically", "binds", "and", "phosphorylates", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "LPS", "stimulation", "transiently", "enhanced", "the", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "-bound", "kinase", "activity", "in", "THP-1", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "Mutational", "analyses", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "and", "competition", "experiments", "with", "the", "synthetic", "peptides", "identified", "major", "phosphorylation", "sites", "by", "the", "bound", "kinase", "as", "Ser", "and", "Thr", "residues", "in", "the", "C-terminal", "acidic", "domain", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Moreover", ",", "we", "show", "that", "the", "peptide", ",", "corresponding", "to", "the", "C-terminal", "acidic", "domain", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", ",", "blocked", "the", "LPS-induced", "NF-kappa", "B", "activation", "as", "well", "as", "inducible", "phosphorylation", "of", "endogenous", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "in", "a", "cell-free", "system", "using", "THP-1", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "These", "results", "suggested", "that", "the", "bound", "kinase", "is", "involved", "in", "the", "signaling", "pathway", "of", "LPS", "by", "inducing", "the", "phosphorylation", "of", "the", "C-terminal", "region", "of", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "and", "subsequent", "dissociation", "of", "the", "NF-kappa", "B", ".", "I", "kappa", "B", "alpha", "complex", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "Bik", ",", "a", "novel", "death-inducing", "protein", "shares", "a", "distinct", "sequence", "motif", "with", "Bcl-2", "family", "proteins", "and", "interacts", "with", "viral", "and", "cellular", "survival-promoting", "proteins", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "survival-promoting", "activity", "of", "the", "Bcl-2", "family", "of", "proteins", "appears", "to", "be", "modulated", "by", "interactions", "between", "various", "cellular", "proteins", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "identified", "a", "novel", "cellular", "protein", ",", "Bik", ",", "that", "interacts", "with", "the", "cellular", "survival-promoting", "proteins", ",", "Bcl-2", "and", "Bcl-xL", ",", "as", "well", "as", "the", "viral", "survival-promoting", "proteins", ",", "Epstein", "Barr", "virus-BHRF1", "and", "adenovirus", "E1B-19", "kDa", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "transient", "transfection", "assays", ",", "Bik", "promotes", "cell", "death", "in", "a", "manner", "similar", "to", "the", "death-promoting", "members", "of", "the", "Bcl-2", "family", ",", "Bax", "and", "Bak", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0 ]

[ "This", "death-promoting", "activity", "of", "Bik", "can", "be", "suppressed", "by", "coexpression", "of", "Bcl-2", ",", "Bcl-XL", ",", "EBV-BHRF1", "and", "E1B-19", "kDa", "proteins", "suggesting", "that", "Bik", "may", "be", "a", "common", "target", "for", "both", "cellular", "and", "viral", "anti-apoptotic", "proteins", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "While", "Bik", "does", "not", "show", "overt", "homology", "to", "the", "BH1", "and", "BH2", "conserved", "domains", "characteristic", "of", "the", "Bcl-2", "family", ",", "it", "does", "share", "a", "9", "amino", "acid", "domain", "(", "BH3", ")", "with", "Bax", "and", "Bak", "which", "may", "be", "a", "critical", "determinant", "for", "the", "death-promoting", "activity", "of", "these", "proteins", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "human", "TCF-1", "gene", "encodes", "a", "nuclear", "DNA-binding", "protein", "uniquely", "expressed", "in", "normal", "and", "neoplastic", "T-lineage", "lymphocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "The", "TCF-1", "gene", "encodes", "a", "putative", "transcription", "factor", "with", "affinity", "for", "a", "sequence", "motif", "occurring", "in", "a", "number", "of", "T-cell", "enhancers", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "TCF-1", "mRNA", "was", "originally", "found", "to", "be", "expressed", "in", "a", "T", "cell-specific", "fashion", "within", "a", "set", "of", "human", "and", "mouse", "cell", "lines", "." ]

[ 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "contrast", ",", "expression", "reportedly", "occurs", "in", "multiple", "nonlymphoid", "tissues", "during", "murine", "embryogenesis", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "now", "raised", "a", "monoclonal", "antibody", "to", "document", "expression", "and", "biochemistry", "of", "the", "human", "TCF-1", "protein", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "As", "expected", ",", "the", "TCF-1", "protein", "was", "detectable", "only", "in", "cell", "lines", "of", "T", "lineage", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Its", "expression", "was", "always", "restricted", "to", "the", "nucleus", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Immunohistochemistry", "on", "a", "panel", "of", "human", "tissues", "revealed", "that", "the", "TCF-1", "protein", "was", "found", "exclusively", "in", "thymocytes", "and", "in", "CD3+", "T", "cells", "in", "peripheral", "lymphoid", "tissues", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Western", "blotting", "yielded", "a", "set", "of", "bands", "ranging", "from", "25", "kD", "to", "55", "kD", ",", "resulting", "from", "extensive", "alternative", "splicing", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "TCF-1", "protein", "was", "detectable", "in", "all", "samples", "of", "a", "set", "of", "22", "T-cell", "malignancies", "of", "various", "stages", "of", "maturation", ",", "but", "was", "absent", "from", "a", "large", "number", "of", "other", "hematologic", "neoplasms", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "These", "observations", "imply", "a", "T", "cell-specific", "function", "for", "TCF-1", ",", "a", "notion", "corroborated", "by", "recent", "observations", "on", "Tcf-1", "knock-out", "mice", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "addition", ",", "these", "results", "indicate", "that", "nuclear", "TCF-1", "expression", "can", "serve", "as", "a", "pan-T-lineage", "marker", "in", "the", "diagnosis", "of", "lymphoid", "malignancies", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Cross-linking", "of", "Fc", "gamma", "receptors", "activates", "HIV-1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "-driven", "transcription", "in", "human", "monocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Elevation", "of", "the", "levels", "of", "circulating", "immune", "complexes", "frequently", "accompanies", "HIV-1", "infection", "and", "is", "a", "prognostic", "indicator", "of", "clinical", "progression", "from", "asymptomatic", "infection", "to", "AIDS", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Here", "we", "report", "that", "cross-linking", "of", "Fc", "gamma", "RI", "or", "Fc", "gamma", "RII", "by", "adherent", "human", "IgG", "or", "by", "specific", "anti-Fc", "gamma", "R", "mAb", "activates", "HIV-1", "gene", "expression", "in", "the", "human", "monocytic", "cell", "line", "BF24", "and", "increased", "HIV", "RNA", "expression", "in", "monocytes", "from", "HIV", "infected", "patients", "as", "assayed", "by", "reverse", "transcription-PCR", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "THP-1", "cells", ",", "Fc", "gamma", "R", "cross-linking", "induced", "NF-kappa", "B", ",", "which", "is", "known", "to", "bind", "to", "the", "regulatory", "region", "of", "the", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR", ")", "of", "HIV-1", "and", "to", "activate", "HIV-1", "transcription", ".", "Anti-TNF-alpha", "antibody", "but", "not", "anti-IL-1", "beta", "antibody", "strongly", "inhibited", "both", "the", "induction", "of", "HIV-1-", "LTR", "-driven", "transcription", "and", "the", "induction", "of", "NF-kappa", "B", "by", "Fc", "gamma", "R", "cross-linking", "." ]

[ 0, 5, 6, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0 ]

[ "These", "results", "indicate", "that", "Fc", "gamma", "R", "can", "mediate", "a", "TNF-alpha", "-dependent", "induction", "of", "HIV-1", "gene", "transcription", "and", "suggest", "that", "immune", "complexes", "may", "contribute", "to", "the", "pathophysiology", "of", "HIV-1", "infection", "by", "augmenting", "viral", "replication", "in", "monocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0 ]

[ "Signalling", "via", "CD28", "of", "human", "naive", "neonatal", "T", "lymphocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 0, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 0 ]

[ "Accessory", "molecules", "play", "a", "crucial", "role", "in", "the", "development", "of", "the", "T", "cell", "response", "to", "antigenic", "challenge", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "examined", "the", "role", "of", "CD28", "in", "modulating", "the", "'naive", "'", "neonatal", "T", "cell", "response", "to", "anti-CD2", "-mediated", "activation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "To", "compare", "the", "role", "of", "CD28", ",", "neonatal", "and", "adult", "T", "cells", "were", "stimulated", "with", "a", "pair", "of", "mitogenic", "anti-CD2", "antibodies", "in", "the", "presence", "or", "absence", "of", "anti-CD28", "MoAb", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "With", "anti-CD2", "alone", ",", "neonatal", "T", "cells", "proliferated", "slightly", "but", "produced", "no", "detectable", "IL-2", ",", "whereas", "adult", "T", "cells", "proliferated", "vigorously", ",", "with", "significant", "IL-2", "production", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0 ]

[ "Costimulation", "with", "anti-CD28", "MoAb", "greatly", "enhanced", "the", "proliferative", "response", "of", "neonatal", "T", "cells", "to", "levels", "equivalent", "to", "those", "of", "adult", "T", "cells", ",", "whereas", "adult", "T", "cells", "showed", "only", "slight", "increases", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Although", "IL-2", "secretion", "was", "increased", "in", "the", "presence", "of", "anti-CD28", "MoAb", ",", "neonatal", "T", "cell", "IL-2", "production", "remained", "lower", "than", "in", "adults", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 7, 8, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "In", "contrast", ",", "enhancement", "of", "IL-2", "mRNA", "expression", "in", "neonates", "was", "similar", "to", "adult", "levels", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Anti-", "CD28", "MoAb", "costimulation", "increased", "NF", "kappa", "B", "levels", "in", "neonates", ",", "albeit", "to", "levels", "lower", "than", "that", "of", "adults", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "cellular", "mechanism", "governing", "the", "diminished", "proliferative", "response", "of", "neonatal", "T", "lymphocytes", "to", "anti-CD2", "may", "therefore", "be", "due", "to", "decreased", "NF", "kappa", "B", "induction", ",", "reduced", "IL-2", "mRNA", "expression", "and", "deficient", "IL-2", "production", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0 ]

[ "Although", "anti-CD28", "MoAb", "costimulation", "enhances", "all", "of", "the", "above", "signals", ",", "NF", "kappa", "B", "and", "IL-2", "levels", "remain", "lower", "than", "in", "adults", ",", "suggesting", "the", "need", "for", "further", "activation", "requirements", "in", "the", "neonate", "." ]

[ 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "TCL1", "oncogene", "activation", "in", "preleukemic", "T", "cells", "from", "a", "case", "of", "ataxia-telangiectasia", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 0, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "TCL1", "oncogene", "on", "human", "chromosome", "14q32.1", "is", "involved", "in", "chromosome", "translocations", "[", "t", "(", "14", ";", "14", ")", "(", "q11", ";", "q32.1", ")", "and", "t", "(", "7", ";", "14", ")", "(", "q35", ";", "q32.1", ")", "]", "and", "inversions", "[", "inv14", "(", "q11", ";", "q32.1", ")", "]", "with", "TCR", "alpha/beta", "loci", "in", "T-cell", "leukemias", ",", "such", "as", "T-prolymphocytic", "(", "T-PLL", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "It", "is", "also", "involved", "in", "T-", "acute", "and-", "chronic", "leukemias", "arising", "in", "cases", "of", "ataxia-telangiectasia", "(", "AT", ")", ",", "an", "immunodeficiency", "syndrome", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Similar", "chromosomal", "rearrangements", "occur", "also", "in", "the", "clonally", "expanded", "T", "cells", "in", "AT", "patients", "before", "the", "appearance", "of", "the", "overt", "leukemia", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "analyzed", "the", "expression", "of", "TCL1", "mRNA", "and", "protein", "in", "peripheral", "blood", "lymphocytes", "(", "PBLs", ")", "from", "four", "AT", "cases", "and", "from", "healthy", "controls", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 4, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "found", "that", "the", "TCL1", "gene", "was", "overexpressed", "in", "the", "PBLs", "of", "an", "AT", "patient", "with", "a", "large", "clonal", "T-cell", "population", "exhibiting", "the", "t", "(", "14", ";", "14", ")", "translocation", "but", "not", "in", "the", "lymphocytes", "of", "the", "other", "cases", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Fluorescence", "in", "situ", "hybridization", "of", "the", "TCL1", "genomic", "locus", "to", "lymphocyte", "metaphases", "from", "the", "AT", "patient", "with", "the", "T-cell", "clonal", "expansion", "showed", "that", "the", "breakpoint", "of", "the", "t", "(", "14", ";", "14", ")", "translocation", "lies", "within", "the", "TCL1", "locus", "and", "is", "accompanied", "by", "an", "inverted", "duplication", "of", "the", "distal", "part", "of", "chromosome", "14", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "These", "data", "indicate", "that", "TCL1", "is", "activated", "in", "preleukemic", "clonal", "cells", "as", "a", "consequence", "of", "chromosome", "translocation", "involving", "sequences", "from", "the", "TCR", "locus", "at", "14q11", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0 ]

[ "Deregulation", "of", "TCL1", "is", "the", "first", "event", "in", "the", "initiation", "of", "malignancy", "in", "these", "types", "of", "leukemias", "and", "represents", "a", "potential", "tool", "for", "clinical", "evaluation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "C/EBP", "proteins", "activate", "transcription", "from", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "in", "macrophages/", "monocytes", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "Three", "binding", "sites", "for", "C/EBP", "proteins", "are", "found", "in", "the", "human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type", "1", "(", "HIV-1", ")", "long", "terminal", "repeat", "(", "LTR", ")", "(", "V.M.", "Tesmer", ",", "A.Rajadhyaksha", ",", "J.Babin", ",", "and", "M.Bina", ",", "Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.", "USA", "90", ":", "7298-7302", ",", "1993", ")", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "determined", "the", "functional", "role", "of", "C/EBP", "proteins", "and", "C/EBP", "sites", "in", "regulating", "transcription", "from", "the", "HIV-", "1", "LTR", "in", "monocytes/macrophages", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 7, 0 ]

[ "Inhibition", "of", "endogenous", "C/EBP", "proteins", ",", "using", "either", "an", "excess", "of", "C/EBP", "binding", "sites", "or", "a", "trans-", "dominant", "negative", "inhibitor", ",", "demonstrated", "that", "C/EBP", "proteins", "are", "required", "for", "basal", "and", "activated", "levels", "of", "HIV-1", "LTR", "transcription", "in", "the", "promonocytic", "cell", "line", "U937", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

[ "Northern", "(", "RNA", ")", "blots", "and", "binding", "assays", "showed", "that", "NF-IL6", "is", "the", "only", "known", "C/EBP", "family", "member", "which", "is", "increased", "when", "U937", "cells", "are", "activated", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Mutational", "analyses", "of", "the", "HIV-1", "LTR", "showed", "that", "one", "C/EBP", "site", "is", "required", "for", "normal", "LTR", "transcription", "both", "before", "and", "after", "cellular", "activation", "and", "that", "the", "two", "3", "'", "C/EBP", "sites", "are", "functionally", "equivalent", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "However", ",", "transcription", "from", "crippled", "HIV-1", "LTRs", "lacking", "C/EBP", "sites", "can", "still", "be", "induced", "following", "activation", "of", "U937", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 0 ]

[ "Several", "models", "are", "suggested", "for", "how", "elevated", "NF-IL6", "may", "participate", "in", "an", "autostimulatory", "loop", "involving", "HIV", "infection", ",", "macrophage", "activation", ",", "cytokine", "expression", ",", "and", "HIV", "replication", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Human", "immunodeficiency", "virus", "type-2", "gene", "expression", ":", "two", "enhancers", "and", "their", "activation", "by", "T-cell", "activators", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "human", "immunodeficiency", "viruses", "(", "HIVs", ")", "may", "include", "a", "spectrum", "of", "retroviruses", "with", "varying", "potential", "to", "infect", "their", "host", ",", "undergo", "long", "periods", "of", "latent", "infection", ",", "and", "induce", "pathology", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Since", "expression", "of", "the", "viruses", "is", "in", "large", "part", "regulated", "by", "the", "sequence", "elements", "in", "their", "long", "terminal", "repeats", "(", "LTRs", ")", ",", "this", "study", "was", "directed", "to", "an", "analysis", "of", "the", "regulatory", "elements", "in", "the", "HIV-2", "LTR", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "The", "HIV-2", "LTR", "was", "found", "to", "contain", "two", "enhancers", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "One", "of", "these", "enhancers", "is", ",", "in", "part", ",", "identical", "to", "the", "HIV-1", "enhancer", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0 ]

[ "This", "enhancer", "in", "HIV-1", "is", "the", "T-cell", "activation", "response", "element", ";", "in", "HIV-2", ",", "however", ",", "it", "is", "the", "second", "enhancer", "that", "is", "mainly", "responsible", "for", "activation", "in", "response", "to", "T-cell", "activators", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 0 ]

[ "The", "second", "enhancer", "interacts", "with", "two", "nuclear", "binding", "proteins", "(", "85", "kD", "and", "27", "kD", "mobility", ")", "that", "appear", "to", "be", "required", "for", "optimal", "enhancer", "function", "and", "activation", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Observations", "such", "as", "these", "encourage", "the", "speculation", "that", "there", "may", "be", "subtle", "differences", "in", "the", "regulation", "of", "HIV-1", "and", "HIV-2", "expression", "that", "may", "be", "relevant", "to", "the", "possible", "longer", "latency", "and", "reduced", "pathogenicity", "of", "HIV-2", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "NF-M", "(", "chicken", "C/EBP", "beta", ")", "induces", "eosinophilic", "differentiation", "and", "apoptosis", "in", "a", "hematopoietic", "progenitor", "cell", "line", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

[ "CAAT/enhancer", "binding", "proteins", "(", "C/EBPs", ")", "are", "transcriptional", "activators", "implicated", "in", "the", "differentiation", "processes", "of", "various", "cell", "lineages", "." ]

[ 9, 10, 10, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "We", "have", "shown", "earlier", "that", "NF-M", ",", "the", "chicken", "homolog", "of", "C/EBP", "beta", ",", "is", "specifically", "expressed", "in", "myelomonocytic", "and", "eosinophilic", "cells", "of", "the", "hematopoietic", "system", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "To", "investigate", "the", "role", "of", "NF-M", "in", "hematopoietic", "cell", "lineage", "commitment", ",", "we", "constructed", "a", "conditional", "form", "of", "the", "protein", "by", "fusing", "it", "to", "the", "hormone", "binding", "domain", "of", "the", "human", "estrogen", "receptor", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 7, 8, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "This", "construct", "was", "stably", "expressed", "in", "a", "multipotent", "progenitor", "cell", "line", "transformed", "by", "the", "Myb-Ets", "oncoprotein", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0 ]

[ "We", "report", "here", "that", "both", "NF-M-dependent", "promoter", "constructs", "and", "resident", "genes", "could", "be", "activated", "by", "addition", "of", "beta-estradiol", "to", "the", "NF-M-estrogen", "receptor", "expressing", "progenitors", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "At", "the", "same", "time", ",", "we", "observed", "a", "down-regulation", "of", "progenitor-specific", "surface", "markers", "and", "the", "up-regulation", "of", "differentiation", "markers", "restricted", "to", "the", "eosinophil", "and", "myeloid", "lineages", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "In", "addition", "to", "the", "onset", "of", "differentiation", ",", "cell", "death", "was", "induced", "with", "typical", "apoptotic", "features", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Our", "results", "suggest", "that", "NF-M", "plays", "an", "important", "role", "in", "commitment", "along", "the", "eosinophil", "lineage", "and", "in", "the", "induction", "of", "apoptosis", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

[ "Prolactin", "and", "interleukin-2", "receptors", "in", "T", "lymphocytes", "signal", "through", "a", "MGF-STAT5-like", "transcription", "factor", "." ]

[ 9, 0, 9, 10, 0, 7, 8, 0, 0, 0, 9, 10, 10, 0 ]

[ "The", "cell", "surface", "receptors", "for", "PRL", "and", "interleukin-2", "(", "IL-2", ")", "are", "structurally", "distinct", ",", "but", "share", "regulatory", "tasks", "in", "T", "lymphocytes", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]

[ "They", "can", "stimulate", "proliferation", "and", "activate", "transcription", "of", "over-lapping", "sets", "of", "genes", "of", "T", "cells", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 7, 8, 0 ]